615:
220:
547:, and many bridges were damaged. The high winds damaged or destroyed thousands of homes along the storm's path, leaving 83,885 people homeless. Many of the damaged homes lost their roofs, which resulted in additional damage when the heavy rainfall affected their interiors. The high winds also damaged many public buildings and factories along its path. The cyclone left widespread areas without water or power; the storm damaged electrical transmission and generation facilities. The high rainfall damaged dykes in
29:
305:, and it later brought gusts of 158 km/h (98 mph) on Tromelin Island. However, effects were worst in Madagascar, especially in Toamasina near where the storm made landfall. Damage spread along 800 km (500 mi) of the coastline and spread 100 km (62 mi) inland from the landfall point, with many towns severely affected. In Toamasina, the cyclone damaged the main port, the airport, and several warehouses, resulting in $ 17 million (1986
322:
391:
401:
528:
50 m (160 ft) section of the port jetty, leaving it susceptible to future storms. The tides also washed away shipping containers and flooded a coastal road. The damaged port warehouses resulted in the loss of 4000 tons of rice and 990 tons of stored cloves and cotton, as well as 1,900 tons of coffee. Collectively, the lost stored product totaled around $ 17 million (1986
411:
476:. On 13 March, the MFR estimated the cyclone attained peak 10 minute winds of 150 km/h (93 mph), while the JTWC estimated peak 1 minute winds of 205 km/h (127 mph). The MFR also estimated the storm was producing gusts of 228 km/h (142 mph). While near peak intensity, Honorinina passed about 25 km (15 mph) south of
951:
579:
Madagascar. Countries that provided assistance included China, France, the United
Kingdom, the United States, West Germany, Holy See, Mauritius, Canada, Finland, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Soviet Union, and Switzerland. Collectively, the international community provided $ 3.37 million worth of
588:
in 1984 with housing rebuilding projects, and transferred materials due to the impacts from
Honorinina to the Toamasina area. The Malagasy government also set up a National Relief Committee to facilitate relief efforts, including an initial inspection of the affected area to determine needs. Workers
514:
Early in its duration, Honorinina passed near St. Brandon, where wind gusts reached 100 km/h (62 mph). Later, the storm produced wind gusts of 158 km/h (98 mph) on
Tromelin Island. The barometric pressure there fell to 972 mbar (28.7 inHg) during the storm's passage.
527:
along the west coast. Damage spread along 800 km (500 mi) of the coastline and spread 100 km (62 mi) inland from the landfall point, with many towns severely affected. Damage was heaviest in
Toamasina, where the cyclone's winds struck for 30 hours. High waves broke off a
501:
on 18 March, based on the satellite appearance. The JTWC again issued advisories on the next day, only to discontinue them on 20 March. Meanwhile, the MFR tracked the cyclone as turning to the south and southeast well south of
Madagascar. On 22 March, Honorinina turned back to the south and
562:
On March 20, the government of
Madagascar appealed to the international community for assistance, due to the heavy damage from the cyclone. In response to the request, various governments and international organizations provided assistance to Madagascar, including $ 490,000 from the
522:
with gusts of 200 km/h (120 mph) while also dropping 270 mm (11 in) of rainfall over 24 hours. On mainland
Madagascar, damage was heaviest at the port city of Toamasina, where winds also gusted to 200 km/h (120 mph), and rainfall totaled 455.5 mm
492:
of 971.2 mbar (28.68 inHg) was reported at
Toamasina. It rapidly weakened to tropical depression status over land, and the JTWC discontinued advisories on 16 March. The circulation continued southwestward through the island, emerging into the
449:(JTWC) began classifying it as Tropical Cyclone 25S. The nascent tropical storm moved generally to the west-southwest, gradually intensifying. On 11 March, the JTWC upgraded Honorinina to the equivalent of a minimal hurricane with 1 minute
602:
also approved a $ 37.8 million loan to the country in 1986, half of which for emergency aid. Many houses and buildings had to be closed for repairs due to flood damage, including hotels, churches, and schools.
710:
over 10 minutes, while estimates from the United States-based Joint
Typhoon Warning Center are sustained over 1 minute. 10 minute winds are about 1.14 times the amount of 1 minute winds.
597:
estimated the cost for repairing commercial areas would be over $ 27 million (1986 USD). The agency also allocated funds toward repairing damaged power facilities, ports, roads, and airports. The
906:
Christopher W Landsea; Hurricane
Research Division (21 April 2006). "Subject: D4) What does "maximum sustained wind" mean? How does it relate to gusts in tropical cyclones?".
813:
1035:
1147:
313:
in 1984 was extended to help storm victims after Honorinina. Nationwide, the cyclone killed 99 people and caused $ 150 million (1986 USD) in damage.
976:
673:
290:, Madagascar with winds of 135 km/h (84 mph). The storm weakened further over land, moving southwestward across the country. It emerged into the
1157:
255:
230:
559:
rivers. Across the country, Honorinina killed 99 people, and caused 424 injuries. Damage totaled about $ 150 million (1986 USD).
749:
437:. By the next day, satellite imagery indicated that a tropical storm had formed about 635 km (395 mi) south of the island, given the
874:
843:
669:
309:) of lost inventory. Thousands of houses were damaged, leaving 83,885 people homeless; a housing program earlier set up after
1006:
821:
1167:
497:
on the next day. Thereafter, Honorinina restrengthened slightly over open waters. However, the MFR declared the storm as
454:
271:
523:(17.93 in) over 24 hours. Heavy rainfall spread across the island, reaching 180.4 mm (7.10 in) at
584:
flew from the Philippines to Madagascar to deliver medicine. The nation had earlier helped Madagascar recover from
1152:
818:
The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS): Unifying tropical cyclone best track data
1053:
581:
686:
446:
156:
599:
564:
912:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
532:). Also in Toamasina, the cyclone damaged navigational systems, forcing the airport to close to all but
779:
812:
Kenneth R. Knapp; Michael C. Kruk; David H. Levinson; Howard J. Diamond; Charles J. Neumann (2010).
539:
Outside of Toamasina, Honorinina damaged roads and rail lines connecting the city with the capital,
881:
620:
572:
335:
152:
1162:
811:
707:
694:
453:
of 120 km/h (75 mph). On the next day, the MFR followed suit by upgrading the storm to
438:
426:
251:
215:
481:
450:
283:
275:
498:
434:
414:
295:
61:
847:
529:
489:
465:
306:
189:
219:
8:
469:
404:
263:
519:
274:, which is the equivalent of a minimal hurricane. On the next day, the cyclone attained
690:
494:
291:
661:
576:
544:
442:
267:
104:
640:
394:
325:
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
243:
628:
477:
279:
204:
133:
1103:
905:
706:
Wind estimates from Météo-France and most other basins throughout the world are
634:
585:
533:
310:
298:
on 18 March. Honorinina then turned to the southeast, dissipating on 23 March.
28:
1141:
1079:
944:
907:
631:– powerful cyclone in 1994 that took a similar track, killing 231 people
125:
540:
472:
developed south of Honorinina, which reinforced the southwest track toward
430:
259:
1077:
775:
445:
office in RĂ©union (MFR) began tracking the storm in its database, and the
1127:"Loans to Zimbabwe, Madagascar Announced". Associated Press. 28 May 1986.
820:(Report). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Archived from
590:
552:
488:. Winds at landfall were estimated at 135 km/h (84 mph), and a
458:
302:
200:
643:– powerful cyclone in 2022 that took a similar track, killing 123 people
637:– powerful cyclone in 2004 that took a similar track, killing 237 people
321:
594:
503:
473:
247:
208:
129:
665:
950:. United States Agency for International Development. 15 March 1986.
524:
485:
480:, and subsequently gradually weakened. On 15 March, the cyclone made
287:
1051:
756:(Report). Global tropical/extratropical cyclone climatic atlas. 1996
880:(Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. p. 152. Archived from
548:
1080:"Significant Data on Major Disasters Worldwide 1900–present"
697:
task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the region.
589:
delivered about 19 tons of material to Toamasina and nearby
556:
568:
518:
Before moving ashore mainland Madagascar, the cyclone brushed
1007:
Madagascar Cyclone Mar 1986 UNDRO Situation Reports 1–3
484:
on eastern Madagascar about 40 km (25 mi) north of
301:
Early in its duration, the storm produced gusty winds along
349:
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
344:
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
1078:
Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (August 1993).
417:, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression
369:
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
364:
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
359:
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
1052:
Rima Al-Azar; Monique See Rafidiarisoa (November 2006).
457:
while it was passing 175 km (109 mi) north of
354:
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
278:
of 150 km/h (93 mph) while in the vicinity of
1106:"EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database"
1105:
266:
to the south, gradually intensifying. On 12 March, the
1104:
Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters.
846:. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2011. Archived from
610:
543:. Several other roads were damaged by landslides or
374:
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
262:. It moved generally to the west-southwest due to a
1011:United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs
567:for food and blankets, as well as $ 125,000 from
282:. Honorinina weakened subsequently before making
1139:
844:"Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement"
270:office in RĂ©union (MFR) upgraded Honorinina to
258:, Honorinina formed on 9 March to the south of
1148:1985–86 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
593:, including milk, blankets, and clothing. The
231:1985–86 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
945:"Disaster Case Report: Madagascar - Cyclone"
1059:(Report). World Food Programme. p. 32
670:Regional Specialized Meteorological Center
218:
27:
16:South-West Indian tropical cyclone in 1986
1158:South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones
316:
939:
937:
935:
933:
931:
929:
927:
502:dissipated the following day within the
320:
750:Tropical Cyclone Honorinina, 7–23 March
509:
286:about 40 km (25 mi) north of
1140:
971:
969:
869:
867:
865:
575:donated clothing, rice, and milk from
142:Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone
1030:
1028:
1001:
999:
997:
954:from the original on 20 February 2015
924:
33:Cyclone Honorinina nearing Madagascar
1041:(Report). World Bank. 31 March 1987.
899:
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799:
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571:for medicine and building supplies.
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862:
744:
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13:
1108:. Université catholique de Louvain
1025:
994:
776:Worldwide Tropical Cyclone Centers
14:
1179:
1129: – via LexisNexis
982:(Report). World Bank. 11 May 1992
794:
723:
613:
409:
399:
389:
1120:
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814:1986 Honorinina (1986067S11080)
977:Cyclone Rehabilitation Project
875:Annual Tropical Cyclone Report
836:
768:
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1:
754:National Climatic Data Center
717:
582:United States Pacific Command
687:Joint Typhoon Warning Center
447:Joint Typhoon Warning Center
441:Honorinina. On 9 March, the
167:205 km/h (125 mph)
7:
1168:March 1986 events in Africa
606:
600:International Monetary Fund
565:European Economic Community
240:Tropical Cyclone Honorinina
115:150 km/h (95 mph)
22:Tropical Cyclone Honorinina
10:
1184:
909:Frequently Asked Questions
429:was observed southeast of
250:in March 1986. The eighth
1013:(Report). ReliefWeb. 1986
780:National Hurricane Center
226:
214:
196:
188:$ 150 million (1987
184:
176:
171:
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147:
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119:
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92:
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60:
45:
38:
26:
778:(Report). United States
647:
621:Tropical cyclones portal
573:Catholic Relief Services
1131:(subscription required)
695:United States Air Force
580:aid to Madagascar. The
455:tropical cyclone status
451:maximum sustained winds
276:maximum sustained winds
272:tropical cyclone status
81:23 March 1986
66:18 March 1986
1153:Cyclones in Madagascar
1054:Madagascar Action Plan
1036:Staff Appraisal Report
422:
317:Meteorological history
49:9 March 1986
40:Meteorological history
435:tropical cyclogenesis
415:Extratropical cyclone
324:
887:on 15 September 2012
510:Impact and aftermath
336:Saffir–Simpson scale
246:that struck eastern
120:Lowest pressure
782:. 11 September 2011
490:barometric pressure
468:passed eastward, a
433:and was undergoing
405:Subtropical cyclone
101:10-minute sustained
23:
691:United States Navy
495:Mozambique Channel
423:
292:Mozambique Channel
164:Highest winds
149:1-minute sustained
112:Highest winds
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668:is the official
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641:Cyclone Batsirai
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629:Cyclone Geralda
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478:Tromelin Island
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280:Tromelin Island
242:was a powerful
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205:Tromelin Island
172:Overall effects
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69:
67:
52:
50:
39:
34:
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12:
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5:
1181:
1171:
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1163:1986 in Africa
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635:Cyclone Gafilo
632:
625:
624:
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586:Cyclone Kamisy
551:and along the
534:light aircraft
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508:
425:On 8 March, a
408:
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340:
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331:
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318:
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311:Cyclone Kamisy
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197:Areas affected
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1085:. p. 140
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499:extratropical
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62:Extratropical
59:
48:
44:
37:
30:
25:
19:
1122:
1110:. Retrieved
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
1073:
1061:. Retrieved
1047:
1015:. Retrieved
1010:
984:. Retrieved
956:. Retrieved
914:. Retrieved
908:
901:
889:. Retrieved
882:the original
852:. Retrieved
848:the original
838:
826:. Retrieved
822:the original
817:
784:. Retrieved
770:
758:. Retrieved
753:
702:
681:
662:Météo-France
656:
561:
541:Antananarivo
538:
517:
513:
463:
443:Météo France
431:Diego Garcia
424:
384:
334:
300:
268:Météo France
260:Diego Garcia
239:
238:
229:
228:Part of the
148:
100:
18:
1112:20 February
1089:18 February
1063:18 February
1017:18 February
986:20 February
958:18 February
891:17 February
828:17 February
760:17 February
689:is a joint
591:Brickaville
459:St. Brandon
427:circulation
303:St. Brandon
294:and became
252:named storm
201:St. Brandon
1142:Categories
718:References
664:office in
595:World Bank
504:westerlies
474:Madagascar
385:Storm type
248:Madagascar
209:Madagascar
177:Fatalities
85:1986-03-23
78:Dissipated
70:1986-03-18
53:1986-03-09
786:27 August
708:sustained
525:Morondava
486:Toamasina
288:Toamasina
952:Archived
916:1 August
693: –
672:for the
607:See also
549:Andromba
545:washouts
482:landfall
464:After a
461:island.
379:Unknown
284:landfall
180:99 total
854:25 July
666:RĂ©union
577:Caritas
557:Sisaony
329:Map key
254:of the
216:IBTrACS
83: (
68: (
51: (
569:UNICEF
466:trough
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
256:season
185:Damage
46:Formed
1083:(PDF)
1057:(PDF)
1039:(TXT)
980:(PDF)
948:(PDF)
885:(PDF)
878:(PDF)
674:basin
648:Notes
553:Ikopa
470:ridge
264:ridge
153:SSHWS
1114:2015
1091:2015
1065:2015
1019:2015
988:2015
960:2015
918:2013
893:2015
856:2012
830:2015
788:2012
762:2015
685:The
660:The
555:and
439:name
157:JTWC
134:inHg
130:mbar
124:941
530:USD
307:USD
190:USD
126:hPa
105:MFR
1144::
1027:^
1009:.
996:^
968:^
926:^
864:^
816:.
796:^
752:.
725:^
536:.
506:.
207:,
203:,
1116:.
1093:.
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1021:.
990:.
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920:.
895:.
858:.
832:.
790:.
764:.
676:.
192:)
159:)
155:/
151:(
128:(
107:)
103:(
87:)
72:)
55:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
