101:. Some of the dermal bone functions regard biomechanical aspects such as protection against predators. The dermal bones are also argued to be involved in ecophysiological implications such as the heat transfers between the body and the surrounding environment when basking (seen in crocodilians) as well as in bone respiratory acidosis buffering during prolonged apnea (seen in both crocodilians and turtles). These ecophysiological functions rely on the set-up of a blood vessel network within and straight above the dermal bones.
447:
561:
504:
243:
Clarac, F.; Goussard, F.; de Buffrénil, V.; Sansalone, V. (2019). "The function(s) of bone ornamentation in the crocodylomorph osteoderms: a biomechanical model based on a finite element analysis".
167:
Chen, I.H.; Kiang, J.H.; Correa, V.; Lopeza, M.I.; Chen, P.Y.; McKittrick, J.; Meyers, M.A. (2011). "Armadillo armor: mechanical testing and micro-structural evaluation".
327:
Jackson, D.C.; Goldberger, Z.; Visuri, J.; Armstrong, R.N. (1999). "Ionic exchanges of turtle shell in vitro and their relevance to shell function in the anoxic turtle".
602:
488:
85:
The function of some dermal bone is conserved throughout vertebrates, although there is variation in shape and in the number of bones in the
545:
405:"Vascularization in ornamentedosteoderms: physiological implications in ectothermy and amphibious lifestyle in the crocodylomorphs?"
626:
74:
bone, dermal bone does not form from cartilage that then calcifies, and it is often ornamented. Dermal bone is formed within the
636:
595:
120:"Differentiation and growth of bone ornamentation in vertebrates: a comparative histological study among the Crocodylomorpha"
364:"Lactate sequestration by osteoderms of the broad-nose caiman, Caiman latirostris, following capture and forced submergence"
481:
646:
588:
538:
474:
454:
32:
621:
641:
631:
531:
71:
94:
568:
204:"What doesn't kill you might make you stronger: functional basis for variation in body armour"
118:
de Buffrénil, V.; Clarac, F.; Fau, M.; Martin, S.; Martin, B.; Pellé, E.; Laurin, M. (2015).
8:
309:
260:
149:
576:
519:
462:
426:
385:
344:
301:
280:"reptile The crocodylia skull and osteoderms: A functional exaptation to ectothermy?"
225:
184:
141:
313:
264:
153:
416:
375:
336:
291:
252:
215:
176:
131:
180:
572:
515:
458:
296:
279:
615:
59:
220:
203:
78:
and grows by accretion only – the outer portion of the bone is deposited by
430:
389:
305:
229:
188:
145:
63:
348:
340:
67:
511:
256:
136:
119:
86:
79:
36:
446:
380:
363:
560:
421:
404:
90:
242:
98:
39:
202:
Broeckhoven, Chris; Diedericks, G.; Mouton, P. le Fras N. (2015).
326:
75:
402:
43:
403:
Clarac, F.; de Buffrénil, V.; Cubo, J.; Quilhac, A. (2018).
201:
117:
51:
503:
55:
47:
16:
Bony structure derived from intramembranous ossification
166:
97:
and scales. A special example of dermal bone is the
361:
613:
596:
539:
482:
277:
362:Jackson, DC.; Andrade, D.; Abe, AS. (2003).
603:
589:
546:
532:
489:
475:
420:
379:
295:
219:
135:
614:
555:
498:
441:
236:
396:
355:
320:
271:
195:
160:
111:
13:
93:, dermal bone is found in the fin
14:
658:
31:is a bony structure derived from
559:
502:
445:
278:Clarac, F.; Quilhac, A. (2019).
627:Dermal and subcutaneous growths
368:Journal of Experimental Biology
329:Journal of Experimental Biology
89:and postcranial structures. In
1:
104:
637:Musculoskeletal system stubs
575:. You can help Knowledge by
518:. You can help Knowledge by
461:. You can help Knowledge by
455:human musculoskeletal system
33:intramembranous ossification
7:
181:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2010.12.013
10:
663:
554:
497:
440:
297:10.1016/j.zool.2018.12.001
35:forming components of the
208:Journal of Animal Ecology
169:Journal of Animal Ecology
54:covers, shoulder girdle,
647:Vertebrate anatomy stubs
42:, including much of the
221:10.1111/1365-2656.12414
571:–related article is a
341:10.1242/jeb.202.5.513
124:Journal of Morphology
62:), and the shells of
257:10.1017/pab.2018.48
622:Vertebrate anatomy
569:vertebrate anatomy
137:10.1002/jmor.20351
70:. In contrast to
642:Dermatology stubs
584:
583:
527:
526:
470:
469:
409:Anatomical Record
381:10.1242/jeb.00611
374:(20): 3601–3606.
654:
632:Armour (zoology)
605:
598:
591:
563:
556:
548:
541:
534:
506:
499:
491:
484:
477:
449:
442:
435:
434:
424:
422:10.1002/ar.23695
400:
394:
393:
383:
359:
353:
352:
324:
318:
317:
299:
275:
269:
268:
240:
234:
233:
223:
214:(5): 1213–1221.
199:
193:
192:
164:
158:
157:
139:
115:
662:
661:
657:
656:
655:
653:
652:
651:
612:
611:
610:
609:
553:
552:
496:
495:
439:
438:
401:
397:
360:
356:
325:
321:
276:
272:
241:
237:
200:
196:
165:
161:
116:
112:
107:
25:investing bone
17:
12:
11:
5:
660:
650:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
608:
607:
600:
593:
585:
582:
581:
564:
551:
550:
543:
536:
528:
525:
524:
507:
494:
493:
486:
479:
471:
468:
467:
450:
437:
436:
415:(1): 175–183.
395:
354:
335:(5): 503–520.
319:
270:
251:(1): 182–200.
235:
194:
175:(5): 713–722.
159:
130:(4): 425–445.
109:
108:
106:
103:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
659:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
619:
617:
606:
601:
599:
594:
592:
587:
586:
580:
578:
574:
570:
565:
562:
558:
557:
549:
544:
542:
537:
535:
530:
529:
523:
521:
517:
514:article is a
513:
508:
505:
501:
500:
492:
487:
485:
480:
478:
473:
472:
466:
464:
460:
457:article is a
456:
451:
448:
444:
443:
432:
428:
423:
418:
414:
410:
406:
399:
391:
387:
382:
377:
373:
369:
365:
358:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
323:
315:
311:
307:
303:
298:
293:
289:
285:
281:
274:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
239:
231:
227:
222:
217:
213:
209:
205:
198:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
163:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
133:
129:
125:
121:
114:
110:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
83:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
60:lepidotrichia
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
38:
34:
30:
29:membrane bone
26:
22:
577:expanding it
566:
520:expanding it
509:
463:expanding it
452:
412:
408:
398:
371:
367:
357:
332:
328:
322:
287:
283:
273:
248:
245:Paleobiology
244:
238:
211:
207:
197:
172:
168:
162:
127:
123:
113:
84:
72:endochondral
28:
24:
20:
18:
512:dermatology
80:osteoblasts
21:dermal bone
616:Categories
105:References
87:skull roof
68:armadillos
37:vertebrate
290:: 31–40.
91:bony fish
431:29024422
390:12966051
314:73427451
306:30736927
265:92499041
230:26104546
189:21565719
154:10809084
146:25488816
99:clavicle
40:skeleton
349:9929454
284:Zoology
64:turtles
429:
388:
347:
312:
304:
263:
228:
187:
152:
144:
76:dermis
58:rays (
567:This
510:This
453:This
310:S2CID
261:S2CID
150:S2CID
44:skull
573:stub
516:stub
459:stub
427:PMID
386:PMID
345:PMID
302:PMID
226:PMID
185:PMID
142:PMID
95:rays
66:and
52:gill
48:jaws
417:doi
413:301
376:doi
372:206
337:doi
333:202
292:doi
288:132
253:doi
216:doi
177:doi
132:doi
128:276
56:fin
27:or
23:or
618::
425:.
411:.
407:.
384:.
370:.
366:.
343:.
331:.
308:.
300:.
286:.
282:.
259:.
249:45
247:.
224:.
212:84
210:.
206:.
183:.
171:.
148:.
140:.
126:.
122:.
82:.
50:,
46:,
19:A
604:e
597:t
590:v
579:.
547:e
540:t
533:v
522:.
490:e
483:t
476:v
465:.
433:.
419::
392:.
378::
351:.
339::
316:.
294::
267:.
255::
232:.
218::
191:.
179::
173:4
156:.
134::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.