1106:
cities they served. Informal discussions to pool international routes started in 1947, after all three companies had suffered losses on these routes. After SILA and
Aerotransport merged, negotiations started between the three. The brand name "Scandinavian Airlines System" was to be used on all flights, domestic and international, and the airlines would coordinate their services to avoid parallel flights. Domestic scheduling would remain at the discretion of each national airline. DNL would then close its Swedish and Danish offices, and retain Scandinavian offices in other European cities. The pool agreement, which became known as European Scandinavian Airlines System (EASA), was taken into use on 18 April 1948.
972:
684:
337:
605:
522:
859:
1123:
545:(BDS). Fred. Olsen wanted a partner for DNL, in part to strengthen its geographic spread, and meetings were held between Olsen family and Falck to introduce the Bergen-based company as a partner in DNL. On 7 November 1934, Bergenske became a partner in DNL, and the company renamed Det Norske Luftfartselskap Fred. Olsen og Bergenske A/S. Johan Wulfsberg from BDS became a board member of DNL. As a reply to DNL's new concession application to make short-term sea plane routes using a
1075:. The Swedish government did not want to participate with less than a 50% share, and preferably as a majority owner. It was stated that this was because they had half the population and the only organization capable of operating intercontinental routes. On 1 August, Overseas Scandinavian Airlines System was established, where DNL received a 2/7 ownership. The consortium received its head office in Stockholm, but would also serve Copenhagen and Oslo with intercontinental flights.
764:. Part of the reason for the route was that transport to the Soviet Union could not go via Germany, where the only contemporary international flights from Oslo went. However, the Stockholm-service was not profitable, and terminated on 31 July. Stavanger Airport, Sola opened on 30 May, but with only a single land airport, no routes were started by DNL. In cooperation with DDL, Lufthansa and ABA, DNL entered the pool that flew the route from Oslo via Gothenburg to Copenhagen.
2583:
3184:
1052:
3160:
878:, who used surplus aircraft to operate a limited number of routes. At the same time, Thomas Olsen and Thomas Falck started mobilizing among shipowners and other businesspeople to raise capital for DNL, while at the same time trying to ensure the employment of military pilots, navigation officers and other people with aviation competence. Egil Gløersen was sent to the United States to study the operations of
784:
cooperating on their own transatlantic route via
Iceland and Newfoundland. In 1940, a delegation was sent to the United States, where it negotiated the necessary permissions from the American authorities and purchase rights for aircraft. After the break-out of World War II, the United States had become more interested in a northern transatlantic route, so it could reach the neutral Scandinavian countries.
3172:
953:
1114:
administrative level; there were also concerns from Norway that administrative and operative staff were leaking to the ESAS head office in
Copenhagen and the OSAS head office in Stockholm, without any similar build-up of competence in Norway. Because of the way the costs were divided between the pool partners, DNL was also receiving smaller margins that the others.
1093:, and started charter traffic, mainly to Asia. From 14 January 1949, Braathens SAFE received a five-year concession to operate a route from Oslo to various cities in Asia. This forced OSAS to plan its Asia-routes using only Swedish and Danish crew and planes, and not operate from Oslo. This was followed by SAS on 26 October, when they opened a DC-6 route to
756:. A night post route was flown from Oslo to Gothenburg. During the five months of operation, the airline flew 339,116 kilometres (210,717 mi) and transported 2,300 passengers. From 1937, the state received the right to appoint two of the company's eight board members. That year also saw DNL start its first international route, when
1043:. There were internal protests against the purchase of the Sandringhams, since they were regarded as unsuited for Norway. They incurred high operating costs and all three of the original aircraft crashed within four years. The land DC-3s were used on international routes, while the sea planes were used on domestic routes.
474:, with a proposal for a ten-year concessions using land planes. Routes were to start off with a five-month service, and gradually increase to a full-year service from 1940. The company stated that it needed NOK 500,000 annually in support from the state and Norway Post for the service. In 1933, the brothers
569:
dissolved or take over the smaller seaplane routes. The state was permitted to appoint a member of the schedule planning committee. The company received a share capital of NOK 1.6 million. DNL bought 51% of Widerøe, and the airline continued without scheduled services, operating air taxi, school and
911:
between NOK 25 and 30 million to insure more owners, since the original NOK 15 million had already been sold. The cabinet was also granted permission to at their discretion purchase shares for an addition NOK 5 million. A 20-year concession was granted to DNL by parliament on 15 February.
919:
and two DC-4. On 27 March, public sales of shares started, which raised an additional NOK 3.7 million from 1,900 purchasers. Total share capital was NOK 25.2 million, with the state owning 20%, Fred. Olsen and
Bergenske 10% each. In total, 49% of the shares were owned by shipping companies,
910:
By then, the Civil
Aviation Board had procured two DC-4 for NOK 7.7 million, which would be transferred to DNL. From 21 January, an interim board was appointed for DNL, led by Falck. When the proposition reached parliament, it was decided that the share capital in the company should be raised to
828:
and used in Allied convoys. The
Norwegian authorities in exile were also distrustful of DNL, because the airline had taken initiative to operate a route, essentially helping the German forces. There was also an uncertainty as to whether the national airline of Norway should continue to be private, or
486:
in 1934—also applied for routes in the same areas, but using sea planes on the route from Oslo via
Kristiansand and Stavanger to Haugesund. Also Norske Luftruter applied, but a three-year concession was granted to Widerøe. The government stated that no airports had been built yet, and would not be in
1105:
The SAS cooperation initially only considered intercontinental traffic, and the three national airlines continued to compete on inter-Scandinavian and
European traffic. All three were represented with sales offices in each of the other countries, and all three maintained sales offices in all foreign
902:
or a state-owned limited company, permitting several airlines to operate the different routes, and looked at the possibility that the shipowners were purchasing DNL shares to hinder competition with their shipping lines. It concluded with a part private, part state-owned company was preferred, and
1113:
While ESAS proved profitable for
Aerotransport and DDL, it became a burden for DNL. The former two had a much closer overlap between their routes, while DNL had operated without direct competition with the other two on most of its routes. Instead of coordinating resources, ESAS had become another
914:
In
February, DNL procured a four-story building in Oslo City Center, and continued and a hangar at Fornebu. The company started to acquire offices in the various cities it was going to serve; within a few weeks of parliament's decision, DNL had 300 employees, and by June it reached 1,500, with an
783:
and Aerotransport planned to start a route from Foynes via Stavanger, Oslo and Stockholm to Moscow. However, Pan Am decided to move the route to the Azores when it commenced in 1939 and DNL's Shannon-plans were terminated. Following this, the Nordic airlines started negotiating the possibility of
889:
The task of making a recommendation for a permanent solution for the national airline was given to a new Civil Aviation Board, which had Falck as a board member. They came with their recommendation on 28 November 1945, which favored a single, privately owned Norwegian flag carrier, with a broad
568:
Falck took contact with the other four shipping companies, and on 18 December the six shipping companies agreed to merge their interests into DNL. Ownership was split 40% by Fred. Olsen, 38% by Bergenske and 22% by the other four shipping companies. Widerøe was initially planned to be either
1109:
Per M. Backe became CEO of OSAS, and was replaced by Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen. ESAS had two opposing goals: to operate the partner's aircraft along the 3–2–2 ratio, and operate them most rationally. Because of the un-unified fleet composition, these were often not possible to combine. DNL lost
991:
on 29 April. On 22 May, 13 people were killed in an accident at Fornebu. The first domestic route, from Trondheim to Tromsø, opened on 27 May, followed by a route from Tromsø to Kirkenes on 13 October. In October, several new routes opened, including the reopening of the Stockholm route via
403:
In 1930, the government appointed a civil aviation commission, led by Admiral von der Lippe, to consider all aspects of civil aviation in Norway. It concluded in 1932, and recommended that a single, large national airline be established. The same year, the Municipality of Oslo and the
645:, Kristiansand, Stavanger and Haugesund. It cost NOK 95 to fly the full journey. During the first season, DNL transported 3,214 passengers and 31.6 tonnes (31.1 long tons; 34.8 short tons) of mail. It also took over Norwegian representation for Aerotransport, DDL, KLM,
920:
19.5% by banks, insurance, trade and industrial companies, and 12% by individuals. At least 75% of the company had to be owned by the state, Norwegian citizens or companies controlled by Norwegians. All the major shipping companies supported DNL with capital, except
435:—since 1921 director of the Civil Aviation Council—as managing director. The Olsen brothers and Müller were all elected to the board. The company's initial plans were to gain the operating rights for the airports which were under construction, including Fornebu;
787:
Oslo Airport, Fornebu opened on 1 June 1939, and later the same month so did Kristiansand Airport, Kjevik. DNL had made arrangements to pool the operations from Oslo via Kristiansand to Amsterdam with KLM. The route was initially operated with a
939:
Det Norske Luftfartselskap A/S was founded on 2 July 1946; it took the name, part of the personnel and the agreements and arrangements DNL had. Det Norske Luftfartselskap Fred. Olsen & Bergenske was bought by Fred. Olsen, and became
584:, plus the international route from Oslo via Kristiansand to Amsterdam. DNL received NOK 200,000 in state grants, plus NOK 100,000 from Norway Post, for the first year of operation. DNL decided to purchase a three-engine
1110:
NOK 17 million in 1948, in part because it had the least efficient aircraft and received no compensation for its higher operating costs. To remain liquid, DNL received NOK 35 in capital from the state through loans.
812:
during the resistance, but also these were terminated after the German forces took control of the whole country. From 26 September, three weekly services were operated from Trondheim to Tromsø, with two of these continuing to
632:
and later received DNL's livery. Operations were scheduled to commence on 7 June, but fog forced a delay until 11 June. After that there were flown 180 trips with a 100% regularity. Training was done by German crew on board
431:—all within the Fred. Olsen sphere—as owners. The airline was established with a share capital of NOK 750,000 and took over the former DNL. The new company was named Det Norske Luftfartselskap Fred. Olsen A/S and hired
580:. They wanted to stimulate the economy through public investments, and decided that construction of airports was to be accelerated. On 5 April, DNL was granted concession for a sea plane route along the coast from Oslo to
729:. However, after the aircraft was delivered and three weeks before the route was to be inaugurated, Pan Am changed their mind, canceled the agreement and decided that the transatlantic route should instead operate via
833:
to look at all matters regarding civil aviation. It was this board which was permitted to negotiate traffic rights with other countries, make purchase rights of aircraft and participated in the foundation of the
808:
on 9 April 1940, all international routes and operations in Southern Norway were terminated. Two aircraft were requisitioned by the German forces and sent to Germany. A limited service was kept in
1078:
The agreement meant that DNL had to transfer employees to Stockholm and the airline made its two DC-4 aircraft available for SAS. To begin with, Oslo received one of the two weekly services to
898:
did its best election ever, receiving 11 seats. A proposition was made by the Ministry of Defense on 18 January 1946, and sent to parliament. It discussed several options, such as creating a
983:
opened, and on 15 April from Oslo to Stockholm, and on the same day, some of the Copenhagen routes started stopping in Gothenburg. the route to Copenhagen was extended from Copenhagen to
490:
Riiser-Larsen went on a national lecture tour to gain support for civil aviation from local politicians and businesspeople. He also negotiated agreements to pool flights to Sweden with
824:
The airline suffered from a general mistrust both from the German and Allied authorities. The Germans generally did not trust any shipowners, since these had their fleet organized in
550:
830:
1313:
874:
After the liberation of Norway on 8 May 1945, the Norwegian Civil Aviation Board started to initiate operations of civilian airliners. For 1945, the task was given to the
562:
710:
route between Norway and the United States. DNL argued that Norway's location made it an ideal base for the European flights to North America. Pan Am would operate from
596:
were hired to manage the company, while marketing and sales were done by Fred. Olsen. Terje Rabben was employed to run the DNL operations from the base at Gressholmen.
423:, announced their plans to establish a national airline. The foundation of the company was made on 16 October 1933, with Thomas Olsen, Rudolf Olsen, Johan L. MĂĽller,
2440:
2115:
718:, while DNL would operate the service from ReykjavĂk to Bergen and onwards to various destinations in Europe. The contract was signed in March and DNL bought a
886:. On a meeting on 17 July, Norway's nine largest shipping companies agreed to raise NOK 15 to 20 million in share capital, and the company to join IATA.
2255:
2450:
2052:
381:
168:
944:(Fred. Olsen Flyselskap). That company received the rights to seek compensation for any requisitions and other costs incurred by the German invasion.
479:
2538:
3254:
360:
and the main shareholder. On 18 June, the share capital was raised to NOK 50,000, including a 20% stake owned by the Municipality of Oslo and
408:
appointed a committee with the goal of building a civilian airport near Oslo. It concluded in June, and recommended that the airport be built at
225:. Founded in 1927, it operated domestic and international routes from 1935 to 1941 and from 1946 to 1951. It became one of the three founders of
850:
at the end of the war; they had initially planned on selling some to DDL and DNL, but were not permitted to negotiate any agreements with DNL.
2312:
2619:
2460:
2036:
17:
3137:
3229:
3224:
839:
3219:
2300:
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2270:
835:
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with seven intermediate stops. At first there were two round trips per month, but from 1950 this was increased to two per week.
3214:
2375:
891:
658:
320:
316:
821:. This was terminated on 20 March, after most of DNL's pilots had fled to the United Kingdom to support the allied forces.
1059:
Negotiations between DNL, DDL and Aerotransport to consolidate their transatlantic operations started on 2 February 1946.
3249:
3209:
1987:
829:
if a state-owned airline should be established. To look at the issue, the Norwegian authorities-in-exile established the
3234:
2744:
1060:
843:
2329:
2342:
2235:
1944:
1925:
1906:
1079:
558:
1288:
On 26 May 1946, a DNL Junkers Ju 52 from Oslo en route to Stockholm crashed into the houses at Halden Terrasse near
979:
Operations started on 1 April 1946, from Oslo to Copenhagen. Eight days later, the route from Oslo via Stavanger to
890:
ownership, who would receive a concession for the operation of all domestic and international routes. Following the
2612:
2543:
2265:
260:
the following year, allowing five other shipping companies a partial ownership and changing the company's name to
1063:
had started services from Stockholm to New York, but a consortium was discussed whereby the three airlines would
549:, the government urged DNL to make an alliance or merger with Widerøe. By then, four regional shipping companies—
3122:
903:
that the state should purchase shares for NOK 5 million. While the Labor Party at the time was in favor of
554:
3244:
2586:
2155:
2015:
1064:
907:, the proposition stated that this was a possibility to limit the state's spending of dearly needed capital.
405:
61:
3204:
1292:
after take-off, due to a technical error on the aircraft. Thirteen of fourteen people on board were killed.
471:
455:. Domestically, the airline wanted to operate the route from Oslo to Kristiansand and from Kristiansand to
436:
226:
148:
130:
1082:
and New York, but all traffic from Norway had to transfer in Copenhagen for the service to South America.
2992:
2605:
1019:. Five Junkers Ju 52 seaplanes were used, based on ten aircraft left by the German forces. Two of these,
319:
to pool transatlantic flights. In 1948, all of DNL's services were re-branded as SAS and pooled through
3150:
3127:
3032:
2867:
2862:
2628:
542:
495:
312:
256:
took over the assets of a failed airline with the same name from 1927. After taking over the incumbent
1281:, en route from Bergen to Tromsø, crashed into a mountain wall, hidden behind a cloud, at Lihesten in
1035:, respectively), had been used by DNL before the war. On 16 July, the board decided to purchase three
2368:
1425:
895:
875:
805:
730:
624:
from Lufthansa. It was delivered on 7 June and initially kept the blue Lufthansa livery, including a
577:
56:
51:
125:
2902:
2497:
2425:
1960:
1221:
1200:
1008:, from Bergen via Haugesund and Stavanger to Kristiansand, an extension of the Copenhagen route to
941:
503:
2130:
415:
On 1 September 1933, the Oslo-based shipping company Fred. Olsen & Co., owned by the brothers
2729:
2306:
1980:
1870:
1845:
1820:
1781:
971:
502:. By early 1934, DNL decided that they would instead apply for initial seaplane routes using two
440:
135:
1416:
163:
2767:
2714:
2667:
2435:
1866:
1841:
1816:
1777:
515:
507:
975:
Passengers boarding a Norwegian Air Lines (DNL) Douglas DC-3 at Fornebu airport, Oslo in 1946.
702:
In 1936, DNL and Balchen—who had a wide range of contacts in the US—started negotiations with
2937:
2672:
2646:
2010:
1306:
1289:
1131:
867:
511:
432:
389:
273:
117:
35:
1296:
412:. By 1934, construction had started, although the airport would not open until 1 June 1939.
388:
for Lufthansa at Gressholmen. This was granted to Norske Luftruter, but DNL was granted the
3117:
3102:
3037:
3022:
2837:
2822:
2797:
2772:
2548:
2384:
2361:
2165:
793:
707:
703:
416:
397:
281:
253:
3132:
1302:
with a Sandringham killed 36 people, after the aircraft crashed into the mountain Klubben.
510:
was in favor of Widerøe-operated sea plane routes, while the majority opposition from the
8:
3112:
3082:
3027:
2912:
2792:
2734:
2445:
2430:
2225:
2200:
2073:
695:
613:
530:
345:
269:
234:
112:
637:. Travel time from Oslo to Bergen was four and a half hours, with intermediate stops in
3239:
3067:
2842:
2827:
2502:
2482:
2455:
1973:
1086:
925:
883:
1271:
683:
670:
3107:
3002:
2987:
2847:
2704:
2512:
2507:
2398:
2220:
1940:
1921:
1902:
1328:
1247:
1179:
1036:
1015:
The initial postwar fleet consisted of six Douglas DC-3, all converted from military
428:
336:
304:
230:
604:
3176:
2997:
2962:
2812:
2175:
2160:
2120:
1068:
921:
779:
of Ireland, who were cooperating with Pan Am on the transatlantic route; DNL, DDL,
775:
and abandon plans for intercontinental traffic. Instead, negotiations started with
772:
570:
521:
499:
143:
1683:
1277:
became the first fatal air crash of a civil airliner in Norway. The Junkers Ju 52
1012:, and finally from Oslo to Stavanger. In 1946, DNL transported 47,112 passengers.
894:
on 8 October, the Labor Party received a majority, with 76 of 150 seats. Also the
475:
357:
3164:
3012:
2952:
2917:
2802:
2568:
2403:
933:
904:
879:
858:
809:
538:
424:
385:
31:
2887:
2709:
2419:
2135:
1242:
1122:
1090:
1040:
929:
753:
3198:
3188:
3062:
3052:
2724:
2558:
2205:
2145:
2094:
1894:
1348:
1184:
1163:
1127:
960:
863:
719:
711:
688:
609:
593:
546:
526:
491:
353:
341:
308:
289:
277:
193:
2977:
2353:
377:
3057:
2972:
2927:
2892:
2807:
2563:
2553:
2240:
2210:
2180:
2099:
1226:
1205:
916:
847:
789:
638:
585:
444:
420:
300:
293:
218:
748:
During the second season, DNL increased the routes to also include Bergen–
715:
3097:
3087:
2466:
2185:
2125:
1072:
722:
487:
the immediate future, so it was better to start with sea plane services.
393:
361:
107:
443:. The other was receive a state grant to start a service from Oslo, via
2967:
2922:
2882:
2782:
1420:
825:
776:
665:
was purchased. On 6 June 1936, DNL registered its second Ju 52, LN-DAF
650:
373:
369:
2947:
2651:
2522:
2245:
576:
On 16 March 1935, Mowinckel's Third Cabinet was replaced by the Labor
483:
464:
257:
3092:
3077:
2982:
2957:
2932:
2897:
2857:
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2817:
2787:
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2517:
2190:
2150:
2140:
2068:
1996:
988:
964:
761:
621:
456:
448:
365:
242:
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993:
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and extending the Amsterdam-route to London, but this was not done.
749:
581:
3047:
3042:
2907:
2877:
2872:
2832:
2777:
2757:
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2020:
1001:
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814:
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265:
3007:
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2089:
1324:
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To start the route from Oslo to Bergen immediately, a Ju 52 was
2632:
2170:
1009:
980:
738:
734:
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eleven days later, the airline purchased another Ju 52, LN-DAH
646:
460:
285:
222:
183:
1071:. Disagreement existed over which airport should be used as a
952:
1005:
1965:
1282:
1016:
959:
has been preserved and is now the world's oldest airworthy
899:
573:, plus a limited number of post routes in Northern Norway.
506:. During the debates in parliament, the minority governing
498:, to Germany with Lufthansa and to the United Kingdom with
179:
1285:, killing all seven on board, including the crew of three.
262:
Det Norske Luftfartselskap Fred. Olsen & Bergenske A/S
452:
1100:
1046:
915:
average age of 27 years. The company had ordered three
588:. It was registered as LN-DAB on 1 June 1935 and named
1918:
Fugl fønix: En beretning om Det Norske Luftfartselskap
1681:
792:, leased from KLM. DNL had discussed cooperating with
3148:
1312:
with a Sandringham killed 19 people while landing at
936:, and later became SAS's main Norwegian competitor.
628:. The aircraft was registered as LN-DAE, christened
470:
An application was sent the government, at the time
368:, who operated from Gressholmen Airport in Oslo via
288:, but services never commenced despite purchasing a
352:The first DNL was registered on 4 May 1927, with a
299:From then, DNL started international flights using
767:On 2 March 1938, the board of DNL decided to sell
169:Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications
518:wanted to increase investments in land airports.
3196:
323:. The company experienced four fatal accidents.
205:(literally "The Norwegian Aviation Company") or
1920:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag.
1901:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag.
364:. At the time, the only service to Norway was
233:from 1951, with a 28% stake and listed on the
2613:
2383:
2369:
1981:
1000:in Sweden, to Kristiansand via Amsterdam and
280:aircraft. In 1935, DNL was close to starting
241:in 1996 and was merged in 2001 to create the
1802:
1800:
1798:
296:, DNL ceased operations from 1941 to 1946.
2620:
2606:
2376:
2362:
1988:
1974:
1264:
250:Det Norske Luftfartselskap Fred. Olsen A/S
1795:
1055:Route map of OSAS after the establishment
840:International Civil Aviation Organization
1961:The history of a Norwegian Sikorsky S.43
1121:
1050:
970:
951:
857:
842:. The Swedish intercontinental airline,
682:
603:
520:
335:
3255:Norwegian companies established in 1933
1934:
1915:
1429:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget
924:, who wanted to focus on shipping, and
836:International Air Transport Association
760:was started the route between Oslo and
14:
3197:
2627:
1893:
947:
725:, registered as LN-DAG and christened
3138:Widerøe's Flyveselskap & Polarfly
2601:
2357:
1969:
1101:European Scandinavian Airlines System
1047:Overseas Scandinavian Airlines System
892:1945 Norwegian parliamentary election
745:was instead used on domestic routes.
659:International Air Traffic Association
599:
565:—had bought the majority of Widerøe.
321:European Scandinavian Airlines System
317:Overseas Scandinavian Airlines System
1707:
1414:
307:on domestic sea routes. Along with
24:
1349:"DNL - Det Norske Luftfartselskap"
1061:Svensk Interkontinental Lufttrafik
853:
844:Svensk Interkontinental Lufttrafik
229:(SAS) and became one of its three
25:
3266:
2343:List of airline holding companies
2236:Swedish Intercontinental Airlines
1954:
3230:Companies disestablished in 2001
3225:2001 disestablishments in Norway
3182:
3170:
3158:
2582:
2581:
2266:1948 Northwood mid-air collision
706:(Pan Am) about cooperation on a
331:
3220:Airlines disestablished in 1948
2330:SAS Frösundavik Office Building
1937:Oslo lufthavn Fornebu 1939–1989
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1558:
1549:
1540:
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1522:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1459:
928:, who founded his own airline,
799:
1939:(in Norwegian). TWK-forlaget.
1899:Fly over fly: Historien om SAS
1450:
1441:
1408:
1399:
1390:
1381:
1372:
1363:
1341:
1085:In 1946, Norwegian ship-owner
831:Norwegian Civil Aviation Board
203:Det Norske Luftfartselskap A/S
27:Defunct Norwegian flag carrier
13:
1:
2313:Dash 8 landing gear incidents
2156:British Midland International
1995:
1335:
1327:. No-one was killed, but the
932:, which was intended to be a
406:Norwegian Ministry of Defence
209:, trading internationally as
3215:Airlines established in 1933
3103:Vestlandske Luftfartsselskap
1682:Det Norske Luftfartselskap.
1314:Trondheim Airport, Hommelvik
437:Kristiansand Airport, Kjevik
227:Scandinavian Airlines System
149:Scandinavian Airlines System
131:Kristiansand Airport, Kjevik
7:
2993:Norsk Forurensningskontroll
1067:their operations to create
248:The company was founded as
10:
3271:
3250:Defunct seaplane operators
3210:Defunct airlines of Norway
3033:Norwegian Overseas Airways
2868:Det Norske Luftfartsrederi
2863:Det Norske Luftfartselskap
2493:Det Norske Luftfartselskap
1686:. Airline Timetable Images
1351:. Airline Timetable Images
661:. At the end of the year,
543:Bergenske Dampskibsselskab
541:was appointed director of
496:Det Danske Luftfartselskab
326:
313:Det Danske Luftfartselskab
42:Det Norske Luftfartselskap
29:
18:Det Norske Luftfartselskap
3235:Ferry companies of Norway
3123:Widerøe's Flyveselskap AS
2743:
2697:
2681:
2660:
2639:
2577:
2531:
2475:
2412:
2391:
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2322:
2254:
2108:
2082:
2061:
2045:
2029:
2003:
1426:Norsk biografisk leksikon
896:Norwegian Communist Party
876:Royal Norwegian Air Force
806:German invasion of Norway
696:Oslo Airport, Gressholmen
472:Mowinckel's Third Cabinet
380:in Germany. Both DNL and
270:Oslo Airport, Gressholmen
189:
175:
162:
154:
142:
124:
113:Oslo Airport, Gressholmen
106:
98:
90:
82:
60:
55:
50:
46:
2903:Fred. Olsen Airtransport
2498:Fred. Olsen Airtransport
2426:Fred. Olsen Cruise Lines
1323:sank after takeoff from
1117:
942:Fred Olsen Air Transport
846:managed to purchase ten
737:in Ireland, and via the
392:to operate the ferry to
356:of NOK 6,500, with
315:of Denmark, DNL founded
292:. After the outbreak of
30:Not to be confused with
2730:Norsk Helikopterservice
1916:Nerdrum, Johan (1986).
1871:Aviation Safety Network
1846:Aviation Safety Network
1821:Aviation Safety Network
1782:Aviation Safety Network
1740:Nerdrum (1986): 215–216
1704:Nerdrum (1986): 209–212
1627:Nerdrum (1986): 157–158
1618:Nerdrum (1986): 152–156
1591:Nerdrum (1986): 147–152
1582:Nerdrum (1986): 142–145
1573:Nerdrum (1986): 135–140
1564:Nerdrum (1986): 132–135
1546:Nerdrum (1986): 120–130
1537:Nerdrum (1986): 119–120
1528:Nerdrum (1986): 105–110
1305:On 2 October 1948, the
1295:On 28 August 1947, the
1265:Accidents and incidents
680:, used from Lufthansa.
441:Stavanger Airport, Sola
264:, DNL started domestic
136:Stavanger Airport, Sola
3128:Widerøe & Bjørneby
2938:Lotsberg & Skappel
2768:Air Europe Scandinavia
2715:CHC Helikopter Service
2668:Norse Atlantic Airways
2441:Fred. Olsen Renewables
2436:Fred. Olsen Production
2126:AerolĂneas de Baleares
1519:Nerdrum (1986): 98–102
1135:
1056:
976:
968:
871:
699:
617:
578:Nygaardsvold's Cabinet
534:
349:
3245:Fred. Olsen & Co.
2673:Norwegian Air Shuttle
2647:Scandinavian Airlines
2385:Fred. Olsen & Co.
2131:AerolĂneas Argentinas
2053:Scandinavian Airlines
2037:Scandinavian Airlines
2011:Scandinavian Airlines
1935:Wisting, Tor (1989).
1501:Nerdrum (1986): 87–90
1492:Nerdrum (1986): 83–87
1483:Nerdrum (1986): 75–80
1474:Nerdrum (1986): 71–75
1465:Nerdrum (1986): 80–81
1456:Nerdrum (1986): 65–67
1447:Nerdrum (1986): 64–65
1417:"Thomas Scheen Falck"
1405:Nerdrum (1986): 58–63
1396:Nerdrum (1986): 45–57
1387:Nerdrum (1986): 42–45
1378:Nerdrum (1986): 41–42
1369:Nerdrum (1986): 39–40
1290:Oslo Airport, Fornebu
1270:On 17 June 1936, the
1132:Oslo Airport, Fornebu
1125:
1054:
974:
955:
868:Oslo Airport, Fornebu
861:
686:
607:
524:
433:Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen
339:
282:transatlantic flights
274:Oslo Airport, Fornebu
254:Fred. Olsen & Co.
118:Oslo Airport, Fornebu
36:Norwegian Air Shuttle
3118:West Norway Airlines
3038:Offshore Helicopters
3023:Norwegian Air Norway
2838:Busy Bee Air Service
2823:Braathens Helikopter
2798:Bergen Air Transport
2773:Air Executive Norway
2698:Primarily helicopter
2549:Thomas Fredrik Olsen
2544:Thomas Fredrik Olsen
2463:(minority ownership)
2422:(minority ownership)
2291:(New York City 1984)
2166:Continental Airlines
1731:Buraas (1972): 81–88
1722:Buraas (1972): 74–83
1672:Buraas (1972): 71–73
1663:Buraas (1972): 68–70
1654:Buraas (1972): 68–73
1645:Buraas (1972): 62–67
1636:Buraas (1972): 49–51
1555:Buraas (1972): 33–46
1331:sank after one hour.
704:Pan American Airways
592:. Riiser-Larsen and
451:in cooperation with
417:Thomas Fredrik Olsen
284:in cooperation with
91:Commenced operations
3205:Norwegian Air Lines
3083:Telemark Flyselskap
3028:Norwegian Long Haul
3018:Norwegian Air Lines
2913:Helikopter Services
2735:Norsk Luftambulanse
2640:Primarily scheduled
2456:Harland & Wolff
2446:First Olsen Tankers
2431:Fred. Olsen Express
2201:Rezidor Hotel Group
2196:Norwegian Air Lines
2074:SAS Ground Handling
2004:Subsidiary airlines
1806:Nerdrum (1986): 160
1767:Nerdrum (1986): 152
1609:Nerdrum (1986): 154
1600:Nerdrum (1986): 137
1248:Sandringham Mark VI
1037:Sandringham Mark VI
963:, albeit flying in
948:Post-war operations
614:Gressholmen Airport
531:Gressholmen Airport
346:Gressholmen Airport
235:Oslo Stock Exchange
211:Norwegian Air Lines
43:
3068:Scancopter-Service
2843:Classic Norway Air
2828:Braathens S.A.F.E.
2503:Fred. Olsen Energy
2451:Fred. Olsen Travel
2279:(Los Angeles 1969)
1749:Nerdrum (1986): 80
1510:Nerdrum (1986): 93
1136:
1087:Ludvig G. Braathen
1057:
1039:flying boats from
977:
969:
926:Ludvig G. Braathen
884:Northwest Airlines
872:
700:
618:
600:Pre-war operations
535:
494:, to Denmark with
350:
305:Short Sandringhams
237:. DNL was renamed
41:
3146:
3145:
3133:Widerøe Norsk Air
3108:Viking Air Norway
3003:Nortrans Agderfly
2988:Norsk Flytjeneste
2848:Coast Aero Center
2682:Primarily charter
2595:
2594:
2513:Sterling Airlines
2508:Fred. Olsen Lines
2392:Holding companies
2351:
2350:
1758:Wisting, 1989: 48
1713:Buraas (1972): 99
1329:Short Sandringham
1262:
1261:
900:government agency
657:, and joined the
482:—who would found
398:Oslo East Station
231:holding companies
200:
199:
99:Ceased operations
78:
77:
16:(Redirected from
3262:
3187:
3186:
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2998:Norsk Helikopter
2963:Nord-Norges Aero
2813:BlueWay Offshore
2622:
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2476:Former companies
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2176:Danish Air Lines
2121:AB Aerotransport
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1319:On 15 May 1950,
1138:
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1069:economy of scale
922:Wilh. Wilhelmsen
773:Chargeurs Reunis
571:general aviation
500:Imperial Airways
382:Norske Luftruter
268:routes based at
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2803:Bergen Aviation
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2569:Anette S. Olsen
2539:Petter Olsen Sr
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934:charter airline
905:nationalization
880:United Airlines
856:
854:Reestablishment
810:Northern Norway
802:
794:British Airways
741:in the winter.
602:
539:Thomas S. Falck
386:ground handling
334:
329:
303:and introduced
252:in 1933, after
134:
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102:8 February 1951
86:16 October 1933
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2726:
2725:Lufttransport
2723:
2721:
2718:
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2708:
2706:
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2559:Fredrik Olsen
2557:
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2261:
2259:
2256:Accidents and
2253:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2206:SAS Braathens
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2146:Air Greenland
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2095:Star Alliance
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2054:
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2050:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1979:
1977:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1948:
1946:82-90884-00-1
1942:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1927:82-05-16663-3
1923:
1919:
1914:
1910:
1908:82-05-00891-4
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1872:
1868:
1867:"15 May 1950"
1862:
1847:
1843:
1837:
1822:
1818:
1817:"28 Aug 1947"
1812:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1783:
1779:
1778:"26 May 1946"
1773:
1764:
1755:
1746:
1737:
1728:
1719:
1710:
1701:
1685:
1678:
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1471:
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1428:
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1422:
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1393:
1384:
1375:
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1344:
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1326:
1322:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1309:
1308:Bukkene Bruse
1304:
1301:
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1199:
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1177:
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1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1141:Manufacturer
1140:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1128:Junkers Ju 52
1124:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1076:
1074:
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1038:
1034:
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1022:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
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990:
986:
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973:
966:
962:
961:Junkers Ju 52
958:
954:
945:
943:
937:
935:
931:
927:
923:
918:
912:
908:
906:
901:
897:
893:
887:
885:
881:
877:
869:
865:
864:Junkers Ju 52
860:
851:
849:
845:
841:
837:
832:
827:
822:
820:
816:
811:
807:
797:
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765:
763:
759:
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746:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
721:
720:Sikorsky S-43
717:
713:
709:
708:transatlantic
705:
697:
693:
690:
689:Sikorsky S-43
685:
681:
679:
675:
673:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
631:
627:
623:
615:
611:
610:Junkers Ju 52
608:Loading of a
606:
597:
595:
594:Bernt Balchen
591:
587:
583:
579:
574:
572:
566:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
547:Junkers Ju 52
544:
540:
532:
528:
527:Junkers Ju 52
523:
519:
517:
513:
509:
508:Liberal Party
505:
501:
497:
493:
492:Aerotransport
488:
485:
481:
480:Arild Widerøe
477:
476:Viggo Widerøe
473:
468:
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371:
367:
363:
359:
358:Arnold Ræstad
355:
354:share capital
347:
343:
342:Junkers Ju 52
338:
332:Establishment
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
309:Aerotransport
306:
302:
297:
295:
291:
290:Sikorsky S-43
287:
283:
279:
278:Junkers Ju 52
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
246:
244:
240:
239:SAS Norge ASA
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
195:
194:Bernt Balchen
192:
188:
185:
181:
178:
174:
170:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
150:
147:
145:
141:
137:
132:
129:
127:
123:
119:
114:
111:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
74:SCANDINAVIAN
73:
70:
67:
66:
63:
58:
53:
49:
45:
37:
33:
19:
3058:SAS Commuter
3017:
2973:Nordlandsfly
2928:Kato Airline
2893:FlyTaxi Nord
2808:Bergens Aero
2564:Petter Olsen
2554:Rudolf Olsen
2492:
2309:(Milan 2001)
2241:Thai Airways
2211:SAS Commuter
2195:
2181:Estonian Air
2100:WOW Alliance
2030:Destinations
1936:
1917:
1898:
1888:Bibliography
1874:. Retrieved
1861:
1849:. Retrieved
1842:"2 Oct 1948"
1836:
1824:. Retrieved
1811:
1785:. Retrieved
1772:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1677:
1668:
1659:
1650:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1614:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1569:
1560:
1551:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1488:
1479:
1470:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1431:. Retrieved
1424:
1410:
1401:
1392:
1383:
1374:
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1343:
1321:Bamse Brakar
1320:
1307:
1297:
1278:
1272:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1084:
1077:
1058:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1014:
978:
956:
938:
917:Douglas DC-3
913:
909:
888:
873:
848:Douglas DC-4
823:
818:
803:
800:World War II
790:Douglas DC-2
786:
768:
766:
757:
747:
742:
731:Newfoundland
726:
701:
691:
677:
671:
669:. After the
666:
662:
634:
629:
619:
589:
586:Junkers W 34
575:
567:
559:Stavangerske
536:
489:
469:
445:Kristiansand
421:Rudolf Olsen
414:
402:
384:applied for
351:
301:Douglas DC-3
298:
294:World War II
272:, and later
261:
249:
247:
238:
219:flag carrier
210:
206:
202:
201:
176:Headquarters
94:11 June 1935
3098:Vestfoldfly
3088:Trans Polar
2467:Timex Group
2404:Ganger Rolf
2016:SAS Connect
1421:Helle, Knut
1355:27 February
1150:Introduced
754:HonningsvĂĄg
752:and Tromsø–
723:flying boat
551:VesterĂĄlske
516:Labor Party
425:Ganger Rolf
362:Norway Post
3199:Categories
2978:Nordsjøfly
2968:Nordic Air
2923:Hesnes Air
2883:FlyNonstop
2793:Arctic Air
2783:Air Norway
2705:Airlift AS
2461:IT Fornebu
2323:Facilities
2307:Flight 686
2301:Flight 347
2295:Flight 751
2289:Flight 901
2283:Flight 130
2277:Flight 933
2271:Flight 871
1684:"Flyruter"
1336:References
1130:docked at
1033:Askeladden
1029:Veslefrikk
826:Nortraship
804:After the
777:Aer Rianta
651:Air France
622:wet leased
563:Arendalske
529:docked at
504:Waco Cabin
394:the island
390:concession
378:WarnemĂĽnde
374:Copenhagen
370:Gothenburg
190:Key people
155:Fleet size
3240:SAS Group
3177:Companies
3113:Vildanden
3093:Varangfly
3078:Teddy Air
3063:SAS Norge
2983:Norsk Air
2958:Nor-Wings
2933:Krohn Air
2898:FlyViking
2858:Color Air
2853:Coast Air
2818:Braathens
2788:Air Stord
2720:Helitrans
2689:Sundt Air
2518:Tusenfryd
2413:Companies
2258:incidents
2226:Snowflake
2191:Linjeflyg
2186:LAN Chile
2151:Braathens
2141:airBaltic
2083:Alliances
2069:EuroBonus
1997:SAS Group
1298:Kvitbjørn
1147:Quantity
1027:(renamed
989:Marseille
965:Lufthansa
769:Valkyrien
762:Stockholm
758:Valkyrien
743:Valkyrien
727:Valkyrien
716:ReykjavĂk
692:Valkyrien
537:In 1933,
457:Stavanger
449:Amsterdam
366:Lufthansa
243:SAS Group
213:, was an
158:13 (1951)
138:(1946–51)
133:(1946–51)
120:(1939–51)
115:(1935–39)
62:Call sign
3165:Aviation
3048:Polarfly
3043:Partnair
2908:GuardAir
2878:Fjellfly
2873:Feel Air
2833:Busy Bee
2778:Air Leap
2758:Agderfly
2661:Low-cost
2629:Airlines
2587:Category
2116:Pre-1952
2021:SAS Link
1897:(1972).
1310:Accident
1300:Accident
1275:Accident
1180:Sikorsky
1153:Retired
1002:Brussels
998:Karlstad
838:and the
817:, using
815:Kirkenes
712:New York
674:Accident
626:swastika
514:and the
276:, using
266:seaplane
144:Alliance
3151:Portals
3008:Norving
2948:Mørefly
2943:Mey-Air
2763:Airwing
2745:Defunct
2652:Widerøe
2523:Widerøe
2488:Comarit
2399:Bonheur
2246:Widerøe
2231:Spanair
2216:Scanair
2109:History
2090:SkyTeam
1876:1 March
1851:1 March
1826:1 March
1787:1 March
1690:1 March
1433:28 June
1423:(ed.).
1325:Harstad
1222:Douglas
1201:Douglas
1159:Junkers
1134:in 1939
1095:Bangkok
1021:Najaden
870:in 1939
819:Najaden
698:in 1936
667:Najaden
643:Arendal
616:in 1936
533:in 1936
484:Widerøe
465:Ă…lesund
429:Bonheur
410:Fornebu
348:in 1936
327:History
258:Widerøe
215:airline
83:Founded
3189:Norway
3073:Sørfly
2633:Norway
2532:People
2315:(2007)
2303:(1994)
2285:(1972)
2171:Danair
2161:Cimber
1943:
1924:
1905:
1279:Havørn
1273:Havørn
1144:Model
1080:Gander
1025:Falken
1010:Prague
994:Ă–rebro
985:ZĂĽrich
981:London
967:livery
957:Falken
750:Tromsø
739:Azores
735:Foynes
678:Falken
672:Havørn
663:Havørn
647:Sabena
635:Havørn
630:Havørn
590:Ternen
582:Tromsø
461:Bergen
439:; and
286:Pan Am
223:Norway
184:Norway
2046:Fleet
1419:. In
1258:1951
1237:1951
1216:1940
1195:1938
1174:1951
1164:Ju 52
1118:Fleet
1006:Paris
447:, to
396:from
196:(CEO)
171:(50%)
2888:Flyr
2753:Aero
1941:ISBN
1922:ISBN
1903:ISBN
1878:2010
1853:2010
1828:2010
1789:2010
1692:2010
1435:2011
1357:2010
1283:Sogn
1255:1946
1234:1946
1227:DC-3
1213:1939
1206:DC-2
1192:1936
1185:S-43
1171:1935
1065:pool
1031:and
1023:and
1017:C-47
996:and
987:and
882:and
781:Aero
687:The
655:Aero
653:and
639:Moss
561:and
478:and
463:and
427:and
419:and
372:and
217:and
180:Oslo
108:Hubs
71:DNL
57:ICAO
52:IATA
2631:of
1073:hub
1004:to
771:to
733:to
714:to
694:at
612:at
453:KLM
376:to
344:at
221:of
207:DNL
68:SK
34:or
3201::
1869:.
1844:.
1819:.
1797:^
1780:.
1126:A
862:A
649:,
641:,
557:,
553:,
525:A
467:.
459:,
400:.
245:.
182:,
3153::
2621:e
2614:t
2607:v
2377:e
2370:t
2363:v
1989:e
1982:t
1975:v
1949:.
1930:.
1911:.
1880:.
1855:.
1830:.
1791:.
1694:.
1437:.
1359:.
1316:.
1252:3
1231:6
1210:6
1189:1
1168:6
38:.
20:)
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