1091:, if there is one, or to the senior among them, if there are several, otherwise to the college of consultors as a whole. The administrator has greater powers, essentially those of a bishop or archbishop except for matters excepted by the nature of the matter or expressly by law. Canon law subjects his activity to various legal restrictions and to special supervision by the college of consultors (as for example canons 272 and 485). The administrator remains in charge until a new bishop or archbishop is
24:
51:
943:
1238:. The information that Protestant clerical rulers would generally have been called administrators, as written in several encyclopedias, does not fit historically documented practice. In their dioceses as well as in their territories, they had almost the same power as Catholic prince-bishops. However, one common restriction was that administered prince-bishoprics were denied to emit their deputies to the
1201:
not yet fully implemented, it was not always obvious, who tended to
Protestantism, so that some candidates only turned out to be Protestants after they had been papally confirmed as bishop and imperially invested as prince. Later, when Protestants were usually denied papal confirmation, the emperors
1222:
Many
Protestant candidates, elected by the capitulars, neither achieved papal confirmation nor a liege indult, but nevertheless, as a matter of fact held de facto princely power. This was because the emperor would have to use force to bar the candidates from ruling, with the emperors lacking the
1158:, thus the title prince-bishop. However, sometimes the respective incumbent of the see never gained a papal confirmation, but was still invested with the princely power. Also the opposite occurred with a papally confirmed bishop, never invested as prince.
1153:
within the Empire, with the monarch being the respective bishop usually elected by the chapter and confirmed by the Holy See, or exceptionally only appointed by the Holy See. Papally confirmed bishops were then invested by the emperor with the princely
1113:. In those countries in which the episcopal conference has transferred the functions, the cathedral chapter, and not the consultors, elect the administrator. Capitular election was the default rule before the adoption of the
1197:, the majorities in many chapters consisted of Protestant capitulars. So they then also elected Protestants as bishops, who usually were denied papal confirmation. However, in the early years of Reformation, with the
1076:, the coadjutor succeeds immediately to the episcopal see upon the previous bishop's death or resignation, and there is no vacancy of the see. The see also does not become vacant if the Pope appoints an
1248:
1208:
903:
1396:, Lutheran bishops and administrators between 1574 and 1623, and Lutheran administrators and Catholic bishops in alternate succession since 1634, secularised and merged into the
1057:
at least 35 years old. If the college of consultors fails to elect a priest of the required minimum age within the time allotted, the choice of an administrator passes to the
973:
1417:
1426:, Lutheran bishop and administrators between 1574 and 1630, and, after the rule of the last, however, Catholic prince-bishop, from 1631 on, secularised as
1440:
898:
966:
1203:
1533:
Codex Iuris
Canonici Canon 421 § 1 (noting that the consultors elect the administrator, "without prejudice to the provisions of can. 502 §3").
959:
67:
1347:
1169:(but nevertheless colloquially be referred to as prince-bishop). This was the case with Catholic candidates, who were elected for an
1579:
63:
32:
1565:
Out-of-date article in the
Catholic Encyclopedia, written before the Codes of Canon Law of 1917 and 1983 altered the conditions
1376:, Lutheran administrators between 1554 and 1631, after the rule of the last, however, Catholic prince-bishop, secularised as
1098:
Some
Bishops ruled more than one bishopric for long. In any beside their primary bishopric, they would have to be called an
725:
1397:
208:
1551:
Eike
Wolgast: Hochstift und Reformation. Studien zur Geschichte der Reichskirche zwischen 1517 und 1648, Stuttgart 1995
1177:
and with all
Protestant candidates, who all lacked either the necessary vocational training or the papal confirmation.
1083:
Before the election of the administrator of a vacant see, the governance of the see is entrusted, with the powers of a
908:
785:
523:
1219:) - due to political coalitions and conflicts within the empire, in order to gain candidates as imperial partisans.
702:
491:
40:
1393:
1316:, Lutheran administrators 1566–1628, after the rule of the last, however, Catholic administrator, secularised as
1313:
1283:
1066:
707:
516:
1263:
in 1648, when the emperor accepted
Protestant administrators as fully empowered rulers. However, the Peace also
1058:
1293:
640:
198:
1403:
1386:, Lutheran bishop and administrators between 1542 and 1547 and from 1562 on, secularised and merged into the
1239:
755:
171:
1343:
1383:
1050:
339:
1117:; this old default rule is reflected in the term for the equivalent of an administrator in the 1917 code:
1317:
1092:
528:
329:
1423:
1373:
1353:
1015:
442:
89:
1407:
1337:
1327:
1287:
780:
1165:
prerequisites and/or papal confirmation, would officially only hold the title diocesan/archdiocesan
625:
1054:
319:
121:
296:
1130:
1077:
697:
324:
1356:, Lutheran administrators between 1566 and 1631 and again since 1638, secularised as hereditary
161:
1427:
1377:
1363:
1323:
1194:
1114:
947:
687:
116:
1413:
1268:
533:
469:
1387:
1367:
1106:
893:
770:
645:
630:
403:
383:
344:
166:
104:
1102:. Nevertheless, in local tradition often they are called bishops in all their bishoprics.
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1303:
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484:
243:
238:
228:
223:
218:
146:
1326:, Lutheran bishops and administrators since 1558, secularised and merged into the
1306:, Lutheran bishops and administrators since 1544, secularised and merged into the
1286:, Lutheran bishops and administrators since 1539, secularised and merged into the
176:
1336:, Lutheran bishop and administrators since 1555, secularised and merged into the
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1252:
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1223:
respective power or pursuing other goals. A similar situation was in a number of
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131:
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nevertheless invested the unconfirmed candidates as princes - by a so-called
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655:
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558:
553:
543:
82:
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or, if the metropolitan see is vacant, to the senior by appointment of the
1046:
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447:
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126:
23:
1267:
many of the prior
Protestant prince-bishoprics and transformed them into
1186:
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850:
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291:
55:
1279:
Prince-bishoprics, which were ruled by
Protestants, were the following:
1441:
Hierarchy of the Catholic Church#Equivalents of diocesan bishops in law
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376:
203:
191:
1366:, Lutheran administrators since 1544, secularised and merged into the
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870:
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800:
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511:
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464:
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388:
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or until he presents his resignation to the college of consultors.
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501:
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50:
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805:
423:
286:
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248:
1296:, Lutheran administrators since 1567, secularised as hereditary
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371:
141:
136:
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77:
1478:) is not limited to a priest and applies also to a bishop.
1416:, Lutheran administrators since 1533, secularised as the
1406:, Lutheran administrators since 1554, secularised as the
1180:
670:
1259:, respectively). This restriction was abandoned by the
1124:
1109:
can transfer the functions of the consultors to the
1041:
elects an administrator within eight days after the
1029:
Diocesan or archdiocesan administrators in canon law
16:
Provisional ordinary of a Catholic particular church
1227:with their prince-abbots and princess-abbesses.
1571:
1230:Unconfirmed incumbents of the sees were called
1275:Prince-bishoprics ruled by Protestant bishops
967:
1049:. The college must elect as administrator a
1542:Codex Iuris Canonici Canons 431–432 (1917).
1488:Code of Canon Law, canons 421 §2 and 425 §3
1137:used to elect the Catholic bishops in the
974:
960:
1572:
1398:Electorate of Brunswick and Lunenburg
1521:Codex Iuris Canonici Canon 502 § 3.
1185:With many capitulars converting to
1125:Administrators of prince-bishoprics
13:
1002:for the case, respectively, of an
314:Administrative and pastoral titles
14:
1591:
1558:
1500:Code of Canon Law, canons 426-427
1354:Prince-Archbishopric of Magdeburg
941:
605:Consecrated and professed titles
49:
22:
1472:Code of Canon Law, canon 425 §1
1460:Code of Canon Law, canon 421 §1
1314:Prince-Bishopric of Halberstadt
1284:Prince-Bishopric of Brandenburg
1161:Candidates elected, who lacked
1133:in 11th and 12th centuries the
1580:Catholic ecclesiastical titles
1545:
1536:
1524:
1515:
1504:
1493:
1481:
1474:. The word used in the canon (
1465:
1453:
1294:Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen
1:
1511:Code of Canon Law, canons 430
1446:
1404:Prince-Bishopric of Ratzeburg
1394:Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück
1364:Prince-Bishopric of Merseburg
1324:Prince-Bishopric of Havelberg
756:Captain General of the Church
172:Assistant to the papal throne
1414:Prince-Bishopric of Schwerin
1384:Prince-Bishopric of Naumburg
1181:Protestant "elected bishops"
1173:with its revenues as a mere
996:archiepiscopal administrator
7:
1434:
1318:Principality of Halberstadt
1225:imperially immediate abbeys
904:Order of the Holy Sepulchre
10:
1596:
1424:Prince-Bishopric of Verden
1374:Prince-Bishopric of Minden
1344:Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck
1304:Prince-Bishopric of Cammin
992:archdiocesan administrator
948:Catholic Church portal
1408:Principality of Ratzeburg
1338:Electorate of Brandenburg
1334:Prince-Bishopric of Lebus
1328:Electorate of Brandenburg
1288:Electorate of Brandenburg
781:Gonfalonier of the Church
1418:Principality of Schwerin
122:Chaplain of His Holiness
1131:Investiture Controversy
1078:apostolic administrator
1067:ecclesiastical province
1059:metropolitan archbishop
1000:eparchial administrator
1428:Principality of Verden
1378:Principality of Minden
1348:Principality of Lübeck
1257:Reichstag, or Kreistag
1256:
1216:
1115:1983 Code of Canon Law
988:Diocesan Administrator
399:Diocesan administrator
117:Moderator of the curia
1269:hereditary monarchies
534:Protonotary apostolic
64:Ecclesiastical titles
1388:Electorate of Saxony
1368:Electorate of Saxony
1107:episcopal conference
771:Commissary Apostolic
404:Ecclesiastical judge
384:Defender of the bond
1261:Peace of Westphalia
1240:diets of the Empire
1236:Elected Archbishops
1147:elective monarchies
1072:If a diocese has a
1014:) is a provisional
899:Knights Hospitaller
888:Organization titles
693:Provincial superior
266:Territorial prelate
68:order of precedence
1358:Duchy of Magdeburg
1308:Duchy of Pomerania
1151:imperial immediacy
1135:cathedral chapters
621:Consecrated virgin
142:Apostolic delegate
1143:Prince-bishoprics
1139:Holy Roman Empire
1111:cathedral chapter
1063:suffragan bishops
1023:particular church
984:
983:
720:Additional titles
656:Master of novices
345:Military ordinary
340:Military chaplain
281:Liturgical titles
271:Territorial abbot
167:Apostolic prefect
152:Apostolic visitor
1587:
1552:
1549:
1543:
1540:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1513:
1508:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
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1244:imperial circles
1211:
1089:auxiliary bishop
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909:Teutonic Knights
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497:Personal prelate
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394:Devil's advocate
244:Auxiliary bishop
239:Coadjutor bishop
229:Suffragan bishop
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101:
98:
96:
93:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:Pope Emeritus
81:
80:
79:
76:
75:
74:
73:
69:
65:
62:
61:
57:
52:
48:
47:
44:
39:
38:
34:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
1547:
1538:
1530:
1526:
1517:
1506:
1495:
1483:
1475:
1467:
1455:
1278:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1221:
1204:liege indult
1184:
1166:
1160:
1128:
1118:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1082:
1071:
1032:
999:
995:
991:
987:
985:
894:Grand master
831:Prince-abbot
731:Altar server
646:Grand master
588:Vicar forane
453:Minor orders
448:Major orders
436:Lay cardinal
429:Commendatory
398:
182:Metropolitan
127:Papal legate
1265:secularised
1217:Lehnsindult
1195:Reformation
1193:during the
1187:Lutheranism
1008:archeparchy
1004:archdiocese
866:Regionarius
856:Protodeacon
851:Protopriest
791:Minor canon
292:Consecrator
56:Saint Peter
1447:References
1242:or of the
1129:Since the
1039:consultors
916:Inquisitor
816:Prebendary
811:Postulator
761:Chorbishop
746:Archdeacon
741:Archpriest
566:Seminarian
470:Officialis
460:Missionary
377:Archdeacon
330:Chancellor
204:Archbishop
192:Catholicos
1249:‹See Tfd›
1209:‹See Tfd›
1191:Calvinism
1163:canon law
1093:installed
1087:, to the
928:Preceptor
871:Sacristan
821:Precentor
801:Ostiarius
703:Religious
676:Postulant
626:Corrector
559:Venerable
529:Principal
512:Presbyter
492:Palatinus
475:Ostiarius
465:Monsignor
419:Lay abbot
389:Definitor
362:Consultor
357:Confessor
302:Subdeacon
187:Patriarch
110:Protector
1574:Category
1476:sacerdos
1435:See also
1340:in 1598.
1330:in 1598.
1290:in 1571.
1175:appanage
1020:Catholic
1016:ordinary
796:Notarius
776:Datarius
592:Sub-dean
539:Reverend
502:Preacher
443:Minister
409:Exorcist
335:Chaplain
90:Cardinal
33:a series
31:Part of
1430:in 1648
1420:in 1648
1410:in 1648
1400:in 1803
1390:in 1615
1380:in 1648
1370:in 1565
1360:in 1680
1350:in 1803
1320:in 1648
1310:in 1650
1300:in 1648
1156:regalia
1065:of the
1035:college
1012:eparchy
806:Peritus
726:Almoner
554:Blessed
507:Prefect
424:Abthain
325:Brother
320:Auditor
287:Acolyte
259:Pontiff
254:Provost
249:Prelate
224:Primate
1253:German
1213:German
1199:schism
1055:bishop
1051:priest
1047:vacant
1010:, and
698:Rector
683:Oblate
666:Novice
651:Hermit
631:Custos
611:Abbess
524:Priest
480:Pastor
372:Deacon
367:Curate
297:Lector
199:Bishop
177:Eparch
105:Prince
35:on the
1145:were
1018:of a
876:Usher
766:Coarb
751:Canon
688:Prior
636:Friar
616:Abbot
571:Vicar
544:Saint
517:Elder
414:Laity
352:Coarb
100:Crown
1033:The
998:and
661:Monk
641:Dean
78:Pope
1531:See
1234:or
1189:or
1149:of
1105:An
1053:or
1043:see
1037:of
671:Nun
1576::
1271:.
1255::
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1141:.
1121:.
1080:.
1069:.
1025:.
1006:,
994:,
986:A
1490:.
1462:.
1246:(
1206:(
975:e
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70:)
66:(
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