279:
263:
seconded by Daniel
Mendoza, as he had been in the first two fights. The match lasted 36 rounds and Sam's superior punching power and endurance led to Belcher's defeat. In the cruel, unregulated rules of the London Prize Ring, in the eighteenth round, Sam punched Belcher in the head while holding him by the neck, causing him to drop to the ground. The tactic, then known as fibbing, is illegal in modern boxing rules. Sam used his right expertly and with strength according to the
230:. In Sam's day it was called an undercut. He created havoc with the new blow until a new way was found to block it." An essential element of the modern boxer's arsenal, it is one of the two main punches that count in statistics as power punches. Sam's downfall was his habitual reliance on alcohol. He bragged of downing as much as three glasses of gin three times a day, and whether his drinking was this frequent or not, it gradually robbed him of his strength and stamina.
33:
258:
Sam's strength, stamina, and endurance prevailed in the later stages of the bout, and
Belcher had to yield in the 57th round. Belcher, an accomplished boxer, was the brother of Jem Belcher, a London heavyweight champion. In a second bout with Belcher on 28 July 1807, at Mouley Hurst, the match was declared a draw when Belcher's seconds declared a foul in the 34th round, though no decision was made. The
307:, an additional 31 rounds were begun shortly after the 9th, though the outcome of the fight seemed determined by the ninth. Feeling overconfident before the match, Sam had requested a smaller ring of only 20 feet square believing it would improve his chance of winning, but in a battle where he was overpowered, he had less time to backpedal and rest. Of the ninth round, the
249:
dangerous blow to Sam's temple in the ninth, which caused the odds on
Baldwin to increase to 4-1. By the 20th round, Sam turned the tide of the battle using his signature upper cut, inflicting serious damage on Baldwin. In the 37th round, Baldwin was rendered unconscious by a flurry of uppercuts dealt by Sam and had to be carried from the ring.
298:
After a four year retirement from the ring, Sam attempted an ill-advised last fight on 8 December 1814 against
Devonshire baker William Knowlesworthy, a name written as Nosworthy in current historical records. Knowlesworthy was a younger boxer around 28, to Sam's advancing and hard-fought 39 years.
262:
wrote that Sam appeared to increase in strength in the later rounds. Apparently Sam had accidentally hit
Belcher in the face as he was falling over with a hand just touching the ring, a violation of the London Prize Rules. In their third and last fight, on 21 August 1807, at Crawley Common, Sam was
257:
On 8 February 1806, he fought one of a series of three bouts with Tom
Belcher, at Virginia Water in Northern Surrey. In a match that was described as "one of the best contested and most skillful battles ever witnessed," In a close match, the betting first turned to Sam's favor as 7-4 in the tenth.
315:
Sam retired from boxing with a wrecked constitution after his 1814 fight and lived the brief remainder of his life in misery. He died on 3 July 1816 in a London hospital and was buried in the Jewish section of "Brady Street
Cemetery" in Whitechapel in Bethnel Green in the East End of London. He had
286:
After his defeats of
Belcher, he had spectacular victories over Bill Cropley in 1808 and Ben Medley in 1810. The first battle was fought at around 154 pounds, and though Cropley was the slightly heavier opponent by around fourteen pounds, Sam persevered and seemed to have the upper hand throughout
248:
On 7 August 1804, he fought Caleb
Baldwin, the pride of Westminster, a more experienced boxer who was at least seven pounds heavier and around seven years older. They fought for a more substantial stake of 25 English Guineas. For the first nineteen rounds, Caleb had the advantage, having landed a
335:, a London newspaper, a reporter observed "as a fighter he had no equal. He was the greatest exponent of science and terrific hitting the ring has ever seen. Had he taken proper care of himself, he might have lived to a good, ripe old age and held the championship for many years..."
316:
complained that several broken ribs he had received from his battle with
Knowlesworthy when he was thrown against the ground stakes used in each corner of the London Prize Ring had not mended properly, nor been properly treated. The Brady Street Cemetery was closed for use in 1867.
311:
wrote, "it was evident if Sam was doing his best but either from age or condition, he was no match for the baker". His East London Jewish backers grieved the loss of their champion, particularly since many had placed heavy wagers on Sam, a pre-fight 4-1 favorite.
194:– 3 July 1816), was a professional boxing pioneer and was active between the years 1801 and 1814. Known as the hardest hitter of his era, he earned the nickname "The Man with the Iron Hand". He was also known as "The Terrible Jew" referencing his Jewish ancestry.
270:
More controversial than his victories over Belcher, Sam met a Wandsworth butcher, James Brown at Wimbledon common, in an impromptu battle where Sam finally met his match with a stronger boxer. Though Sam was knocked down twelve times,
299:
As a result of age and inadequate training, he lost to Knowlesworthy after 40 total rounds, though he showed signs of fatigue as early as the fourth when he was knocked to the mat by his younger opponent. The modern
275:, the most noted boxing historian of the era, defended Sam, believing he had fought mostly a defensive battle and might have dominated his opponent if he had had a financial stake in the outcome of the match.
287:
the match. The bout lasted around 25 minutes. Sam then defeated Ben Medley for a purse of 200 Guineas on 31 May 1810 in 39 rounds at Moulsey Hurst near Hampton in the London borough of Richmond.
240:
Sam's second and less well-publicized fight was against a Shipley, known as the "Champion of the Broadway", and though he won against the heavier 196 pound boxer, he received less for the fight.
267:, but his left was used primarily for stopping his opponent and feinting. While Belcher left the ring nearly unconscious, Sam's most notable injury was a black eye.
977:
290:
On 21–23 December 1812, Sam performed in a sparring exhibition, with the boxer Bill Cropley and two others in the Theatre Royal Pavilion on Newcastle Street.
359:, publication of the International Boxing Hall of Fame, consider Dutch Sam and Daniel Mendoza the two greatest Jewish boxers of the Pioneer era of boxing.
233:
It is generally believed Sam had his first fight in Enfield, England on 12 October 1801. Little is known of the match, and though according to the
992:
349:
Renowned twentieth century boxing historian Nat Fleischer believed that during his career, Sam was "feared as the deadliest puncher of the
214:
like most Jewish immigrants of his era and at a young age, in common with many other Jewish boys from the East End of London, he joined
1012:
342:, declared that Sam was a fighter unsurpassed for ‘force’ and ‘ponderosity’, and that his ‘blows were truly dreadful to encounter’ (
764:
712:
1017:
1002:
972:
325:
237:
of the International Boxing Hall of Fame, records show that Sam met Harry Lee for five Guineas and defeated him.
997:
328:, "Pioneer" Category in 1997, and was an inductee of the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 2011.
1007:
892:
350:
987:
982:
187:
731:
967:
962:
8:
382:
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708:
278:
394:
139:
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215:
956:
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lists the total rounds as 9, though according to a ringside reporter of the
369:
211:
339:
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207:
203:
121:
79:
60:
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on 4 April 1775 to a family of Jewish emigres from Holland. He suffered
946:, Ipswich, England, pg.1, 9 June 1810, 10 May date in "Boxing Register"
227:
32:
378:
191:
664:, IBHOF Record Book, McBooks Press, Ithaca, New York, pg. 25
218:
Boxing Academy to quickly learn the art of self-defense.
226:
Sam is best known as "the discoverer of the right hand
293:
933:, (2001) Sixth Revised Edition, Kensington Publishing
918:
Writing the Prizefight: Pierce Egan's 'Boxiana' World
282:
1810s Artist depiction of Dutch Sam vs. Bill Medley
882:, Exeter, Devon, England, pg.2, 11 July 1816.pg.2
656:
654:
652:
650:
648:
954:
978:Boxers from the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
861:
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869:, London, England, pg. 3, 9 December 1814.
700:
338:The greatest boxing authority of the era,
795:, London, England, pg. 4, 8 February 1806
721:
632:Sam not in condition after 4 year layoff
897:International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame
821:, London, England, pg. 3, 21 August 1807
707:. Shapolsky Publishers. pp. 16–21.
667:
660:Robert, James B., and Skutt, Alexander,
407:
277:
993:English people of Dutch-Jewish descent
955:
808:, London, England, pg. 3, 29 July 1807
243:
367:Dutch Sam features as a character in
362:
851:, London, England, pg.3, 20 Dec 1812
759:. McBooks Press. 2006. p. 782.
865:"Boxing, Dutch Sam and the Baker",
294:Last match with Nosworthy and death
13:
14:
1029:
532:Strength and endurance prevailed
400:
397:, was also a bare-knuckle boxer.
326:International Boxing Hall of Fame
131:5 ft 6 in (1.68 m)
1013:Burials at Brady Street Cemetery
942:June 5 date in "Sunday's Post",
931:An Illustrated History of Boxing
929:Andre, Sam, and Fleischer, Nat,
782:(Tacoma, WA, USA) 1 January 1924
572:Sam had superior punching power
388:
37:Elias in his early fighting days
31:
936:
923:
910:
885:
872:
841:
592:Cropley was heavier by a stone
324:Dutch Sam was elected into the
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811:
798:
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773:
749:
704:The Jewish Boxers Hall of Fame
1:
638:
221:
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806:The London Morning Chronicle
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
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253:Three bouts with Tom Belcher
7:
1018:Jewish British sportspeople
1003:English bare-knuckle boxers
10:
1034:
847:"Theatre Royal Pavilion",
603:6 June and/or 10 May 1810
104:The Man with the Iron Hand
830:"Dutch Sam and Cropley",
173:
165:
157:
150:
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135:
127:
115:
108:
95:
87:
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42:
30:
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973:People from Spitalfields
732:"Samuel Dutch Sam Elias"
566:Crawley Common, England
490:Caleb was highly skilled
484:Woodford Green, England
320:Honors and acclaimations
260:London Morning Chronicle
626:Moulsey Hurst, England
606:Moulsey Hurst, England
549:34 rounds, No decision
546:Moulsey Hurst, England
880:The Exeter Flying Post
804:"Boxing, the Battle",
791:"Grand Boxing Match",
283:
202:Dutch Sam was born in
878:"Boxing, Dutch Sam",
526:Virginia Water, Eng.
281:
838:, pg. 3, 12 May 1808
793:The London Chronicle
506:Shepperton, England
998:English male boxers
944:The Ipswich Journal
780:Tacoma News Tribune
757:The Boxing Register
701:Blady, Ken (1988).
662:The Boxing Register
512:Lesser known match
357:The Boxing Register
331:In his obituary in
244:Caleb Baldwin fight
1008:Lightweight boxers
470:First known match
383:Arthur Conan Doyle
363:In popular culture
284:
182:, better known as
893:"Elected Members"
832:Morning Chronicle
766:978-1-59013-121-3
714:978-0-933503-87-8
636:
635:
552:Foul in round 34
393:Dutch Sam's son,
351:London Prize Ring
186:(4 April 1775 in
177:
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102:The Terrible Jew
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523:8 February 1806
492:Important match
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216:Daniel Mendoza's
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96:Other names
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620:Bill Nosworthy
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444:Result/Duration
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395:Young Dutch Sam
391:
365:
322:
301:Boxing Register
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235:Boxing Register
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836:London England
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478:Caleb Baldwin
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401:Selected bouts
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188:Petticoat Lane
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76:(aged 41)
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580:Bill Cropley
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543:28 July 1807
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500:Bill Britton
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413:1 No decision
410:
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389:Personal life
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381:novel by Sir
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152:Boxing record
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142:;right-handed
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34:
29:
22:
19:
16:English boxer
983:English Jews
943:
938:
930:
925:
917:
912:
900:. Retrieved
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867:London Times
866:
849:The Observer
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843:
835:
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826:
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739:. Retrieved
736:Find-a-grave
735:
705:
702:
661:
583:10 May 1808
563:21 Aug 1807
560:Tom Belcher
540:Tom Belcher
520:Tom Belcher
503:27 Apr 1805
461:12 Oct 1801
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
416:
412:
408:
392:
377:mystery and
370:Rodney Stone
368:
366:
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355:
348:
343:
337:
333:Bells Weekly
332:
330:
323:
314:
309:London Times
308:
305:London Times
304:
300:
297:
289:
285:
269:
265:London Times
264:
259:
256:
247:
239:
234:
232:
225:
212:antisemitism
201:
183:
180:Samuel Elias
179:
178:
158:Total fights
151:
109:
101:
74:(1816-07-03)
57:4 April 1775
18:
968:1816 deaths
963:1775 births
623:8 Dec 1814
600:Ben Medley
589:25 minutes
481:7 Aug 1804
346:, vol. 1).
340:Pierce Egan
273:Pierce Egan
208:East London
204:Whitechapel
122:Lightweight
88:Nationality
80:Whitechapel
72:3 July 1816
61:Whitechapel
957:Categories
817:"Boxing",
639:References
609:49 rounds
569:36 rounds
529:57 rounds
509:30 Rounds
487:37 rounds
458:Harry Lee
222:Pro career
198:Early life
161:Around 100
110:Statistics
53:1775-04-04
819:The Times
629:9 rounds
184:Dutch Sam
117:Weight(s)
99:Dutch Sam
47:Sam Elias
25:Sam Elias
902:29 March
741:30 March
439:Location
429:Opponent
228:uppercut
169:Around 2
140:Orthodox
82:, London
63:, London
612:------
586:------
537:*Draw*
344:Boxiana
91:British
920:(2013)
763:
711:
424:Result
417:1 Loss
409:7 Wins
379:boxing
375:Gothic
192:London
166:Losses
136:Stance
128:Height
617:Loss
467:----
464:----
449:Notes
904:2020
761:ISBN
743:2020
709:ISBN
597:Win
577:Win
557:Win
517:Win
497:Win
475:Win
455:Win
434:Date
373:, a
69:Died
43:Born
353:"
959::
895:.
856:^
834:,
734:.
723:^
669:^
647:^
415:,
411:,
385:.
206:,
190:,
906:.
769:.
745:.
717:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
