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532:(which had only begun publishing a daily edition that year) ran a banner headline: "EX-CONVICT". On June 26, 1908, the court ruled in favor of Causten, ordering Barnette to pay Causten a third of any assets acquired since he arrived in the Tanana Valley. Among other things, the court observed that “The conduct of appellant Barnette in connection with the suit is not calculated to inspire the greatest confidence.”
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wealthy man. Before the
Washington State Supreme Court, Causten demanded a half of the assets Barnette had accumulated since the time of Causten's investment. Barnette protested that Causten was only entitled to one-third of what had been earned or acquired during the first winter at Chenoa City. During proceedings, Barnette's 1886 imprisonment became public. The
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stampeders threatened to lynch Wada, whose story had lured them from Dawson and Circle. Then they marched on
Barnette's store. Barnette, expecting trouble, met the mob with a dozen riflemen at his side. Barnette eventually agreed to cut the price of flour by half and dropped the requirement to buy canned goods.
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Barnette is usually remembered by his initials, and there is some doubt about his first name: There are sources which record him as "Eldridge" or "Ebenezer T. Barnette." He appears in some contemporary official documents as "Elbridge T. Barnette". Common folklore in
Fairbanks recalls his name as Ezra
562:
editor W. F. Thompson called the trial "the rottenest judicial farce the North has ever witnessed." Effigies of
Barnette's attorneys were burned at the foot of Cushman Street. Although officially exonerated, Barnette's reputation as a swindler was sealed. Newspapers in the city he had founded took up
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Barnette Street in
Fairbanks is named for E.T. Barnette. The north-south streets of the original Fairbanks townsite were named for the prominent early residents of Fairbanks. The street began at the western edge of Barnette's trading post and ended at the townsite's southern boundaries, where Paul
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On
January 4, 1911, the Washington-Alaska Bank went bankrupt, abruptly closing its doors. Depositors in Fairbanks were out for $ 1 million. In the dark of March 27, 1911, Barnette fled Fairbanks, taking with him an estimated $ 500,000 ($ 10.5 million in 1990 dollars) of dubious provenance. Less than
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Abe Spring, a resident of the Tanana Valley since 1900, and an eventual mayor of
Fairbanks, counted "seven or eight hundred people" who braved deadly cold to arrive in the Fairbanks Mining District during the winter of 1902–1903. But the first prospectors to reach Fairbanks were frustrated by creeks
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Barnette and his crew set about constructing a temporary trading post consisting of two log buildings: A 26 by 54 foot store called "Barnette's Cache" (later, "Barnette's
Trading Post"), and a small cabin to serve as the Barnettes' residence. The buildings were raised on the site of what would later
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The
Barnette family resettled in Los Angeles. In 1918, Isabelle filed for divorce after finding love letters to E.T. from another woman. In 1920, Isabelle was granted custody of the two daughters. E.T. Barnette lived for a time on a palatial estate in Mexico. He died in Los Angeles on May 22, 1933,
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On May 22, 1906, Fairbanks was ravaged by a fire that destroyed most of the buildings. The same year, Barnette was brought to court by James H. Causten, Barnette's backer from 1901. Barnette had not honored his promise to share a third of profits from the venture which in five years had made him a
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Lucrative discoveries of gold in Cleary Creek, Fairbanks Creek and Ester Creek created a boom economy. On
November 10, 1903, the residents of Fairbanks voted to incorporate. An election was also held for the mayor and city council. Despite winning only 67 votes to John L. Long's 73 votes, Barnette
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1904 was a landmark year for Barnette and his city. In the summer, Isabelle gave birth to Virginia, their first child. Barnette's Trading Post, only three years old, was demolished to make way for the Northern Commercial Company's expanded store. Barnette initiated the installation of a telephone
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During the winter, Barnette sent Dan McCarty, one of his hired hands, to Valdez in order to escort Isabelle's brother, Frank J. Cleary, back to the post. McCarty and Cleary returned on February 20, 1902. Cleary was charged with taking care of the post while the Barnettes made a trip to Seattle to
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was loaded with 130 tons of merchandise, but the steamer ran aground before reaching the mouth of the Yukon and had to be beached in order to save the cargo. Having no other means to transport the merchandise further, Barnette and Smith sold it to local entrepreneurs, only to repurchase it when
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at Barnette's Trading Post. Barnette's monopoly allowed him to set his own prices and bundle products together in whatever fashion yielded the most profit. Prospectors who wanted to buy a bag of flour were also required to buy three cases of canned goods. Hungry and destitute, an angry mob of
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Barnette abandoned his plan to continue to Tanana Crossing. On September 27, 1902, he was elected recorder for the newly formed Fairbanks Mining District. At the end of December, with the most immediately profitable claims recorded, Barnette dispatched an employee, a Japanese adventurer named
231:, before a series of misfortunes including a breakdown, a fire, an outbreak of disease among the crew, and the freezing over of the Yukon halted any further progress. Barnette set out for Dawson by dogsled, but he arrived to find himself months too late: Every creek already had been staked.
337:
to bypass the Bates Rapids, Barnette directed Adams to return to the Chena Slough. But the plan failed when they ran up against sandbars only 6–8 miles above the mouth of the Chena River. Adams refused to proceed further. At 4 p.m. on August 26, the passengers and cargo were unloaded on a
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seemed to confirm Healy's vision of the "All-American Route" to the Klondike. But it was late in the year, when Alaska's glacier-fed rivers run shallow, and Adams doubted that the heavily laden steamer could make it that far.
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become the heart of downtown Fairbanks, between Cowles Street and Cushman Street. Barnette named the post "Chenoa City." He decided to pass the winter there, continuing up river to Tanana Crossing the following summer.
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in 1909, just as Fairbanks gold production reached its peak. In August 1910, he merged the Fairbanks Banking Company into the Washington-Alaska Bank. Barnette was named the president of the amalgamated bank.
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Isabelle Barnette conceived a second child in 1910. Anticipating a difficult birth, she moved to Washington State, where there were better medical facilities. In 1911, a second daughter, Phyllis, was born.
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of 500 people. "Miners, sourdoughs, cheechacos, gamblers, Indians, Negroes, Japanese, dogs, prostitutes, music, drinking! It is rough but healthy & the beginning, I hope, of an American Dawson."
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system. Judge Wickersham, confirmed in his earlier assessment of the settlement, moved the seat of the Third Judicial District from Eagle to Fairbanks. In November, the city's namesake was elected
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In 1960, E.T. Barnette Elementary School was constructed in Fairbanks, one of several schools built by the Fairbanks Independent School District (the immediate predecessor to today's
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250:, what he called an "All-American Route" to the Klondike. Barnette came away with the idea of establishing a trading post at the halfway point, where the railroad would cross the
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On May 4, 1903, Barnette made a trip to Seattle, where he was commissioned as postmaster of Fairbanks. In San Francisco, he sold a two-thirds interest in Barnette's Cache to the
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purchase additional supplies as well as a flat-bottomed boat capable of proceeding further up the Tanana. On March 10, E.T. and Isabelle set out by dogsled, crossing the
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James Wickersham, traveling from Dawson to Fairbanks in March, noted crowds of "stampeders" on the road. Wickersham arrived on April 9 to swear in J. Tod Cowles as the
588:. The development of Bjerremark Subdivision starting in the 1950s extended Barnette Street into South Fairbanks. The two Barnette Streets do not connect, however.
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could not even make it as far as Chenoa City, grounded by sandbars 4 miles downstream. When Barnette reached the post, using small boats to ferry supplies from the
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In December 1912, Barnette was found not guilty on all accounts except for a misdemeanor charge of falsifying a financial report. Barnette was fined $ 1,000.
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Thompson Barnette; the name being coaxed from him during a rather drunken argument in one of the many bars in the red light district on present day 1st St.
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277:, steaming down the Yukon to meet the cargo with the intention of carrying it back up the river to establish the trading post. At St. Michael, the
172:. Political connections of the Barnette family saw the sentence commuted after one year, on the condition that Barnette never return to Oregon.
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333:) of the Tanana River and could proceed no further. Barnette convinced Adams to attempt a detour. Believing that it was possible to use the
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newspaper. By 1906, gold production had risen to $ 6,000,000 a year, and with a population which had surpassed 5,000, Fairbanks rivaled
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in 1900. Wickersham suggested to Barnette that he name his post on the Tanana after Wickersham's mentor, up-and-coming Indiana Senator
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By 1905, the city had a church (St. Matthew's Episcopal Church), a hospital, and a bridge at Cushman Street spanning the Chena. The
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In 1901, Barnette partnered with Charles Smith, an acquaintance from Circle, arranging for $ 20,000 in supplies to be shipped from
342:-covered bluff on the south side of the river. "We left Barnette furious," Adams recalled. "His wife was weeping on the bank."
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a week later, Barnette was arrested in Los Angeles and charged with embezzling $ 50,000. The trial took place in Valdez.
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to Truman C. Barnett (1832-1872) and Amanda Averill (1835-1913). In 1886, he was sentenced to four years in prison in
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305:. Captain Adams agreed to carry E.T. and Isabelle Barnette, Charles Smith, their employees and their cargo to the
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was completed in September, but once again it proved to be too late in the year to reach Tanana Crossing. The
144:(1863 – May 22, 1933) was a Yukon riverboat captain, banker, postmaster and swindler, who founded the city of
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Rickert's farm began. In later years, this southern end of Barnette Street was very near the eastern end of
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customs officer James H. Causten invested $ 6,000 in the enterprise in return for a third share of profits.
428:, to Dawson to spread the news of Pedro's strike in order to drum up business. January 17, 1903, Dawson's
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477:
1241:"Early woman attorney pioneers reform in Fairbanks: Aline Chenot Baskerville Bradley Beegler, 1867–1943"
934:"Historical Development of the Chena River Waterfront, Fairbanks, Alaska: An Archaeological Perspective"
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insisted on being named the first mayor of Fairbanks, pressuring the city council until he got his way.
374:. While Barnette was in St. Michael, overseeing the process, he made the acquaintance of district judge
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480:(NCC). Some years later, NCC would purchase the store entirely. Barnette invested the proceeds in the
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390:. In his July 19, 1902, diary entry, Wickersham recorded that Barnette "promised to do so."
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503:(later, the "Tanana Valley Railway") connected the city with the neighboring settlement at
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had just completed the U.S. Army's trail between Valdez and Eagle. The construction of the
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8:
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after injuries sustained in a fall. Isabelle Cleary Barnette died in September 1942 at
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set out from St. Michael. Late in the month, it reached the shallow Bates Rapids (near
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220:. Barnette was nominated the captain. He was henceforth known as "Captain Barnette".
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was assembled to incorporate whatever machinery could be salvaged from the wrecked
910:"Rich Strike in Alaska: Vein Recently Discovered Promises to Rival the Klondike",
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Searching for Fannie Quigley: A Wilderness Life in the Shadow of Mount McKinley
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243:
242:, an entrepreneur from Montana. Healy laid out a plan to build a railroad from
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936:. Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, Northern Region
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to reach the port of Valdez. In Seattle, Barnette purchased a boat he named
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by Cleary in April, had returned in late July to confide his discovery.
1210:"Must Share Fortune: One-Third to Friend Who Grub-Staked Him In Alaska"
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Barnette returned to Helena in 1898, where he married Isabelle Cleary.
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121:
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469:. He described the town as "just now in its formation period," with a
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273:, to St. Michael. Back in Circle, he purchased the 124-foot steamer
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E. T. Barnette: The Strange Story of the Man Who Founded Fairbanks
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Boom and Bust in the Alaska Goldfields: A Multicultural Adventure
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Boom and Bust in the Alaska Goldfields: A Multicultural Adventure
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Boom and Bust in the Alaska Goldfields: A Multicultural Adventure
957:
Boom and Bust in the Alaska Goldfields: A Multicultural Adventure
741:"Isabelle Cleary Barnette: The First Lady of Fairbanks 1875–1942"
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state for stealing from a partner in a horse-trading venture in
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313:. This was 200 miles short of Tanana Crossing, where Captain
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James A. Wickersham diary, February 12 to December 31, 1902
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192:, where with 160 other passengers, he boarded the steamer
706:"E. T. Barnette: Fortune Seeker, Fortune Taker 1860–1930"
629:"Fairbanks: Golden Heart City -- A story of its founding"
563:"Barnette" as a verb meaning "to steal" or "to defraud".
293:
Barnette and Smith used the $ 6,000 from Causten to hire
1137:
878:
1007:. Festival Fairbanks. August 26, 2003. Archived from
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238:(NT&T). At NT&T, he made the acquaintance of
234:
Barnette took a job in Dawson managing mines for the
184:, in the summer of 1897 when he received the news of
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James A. Wickersham diary, January 1 to May 15, 1903
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Bowers, Peter M.; Brian L. Gannon (March 18, 1998).
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Cases Determined in the Supreme Court of Washington
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452:that could not be mined in winter and squeezed by
438:Within two days, the story made the front page of
236:North American Trading and Transportation Company
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959:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 150–151.
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363:, ordering it shipped in pieces to St. Michael.
204:. At St. Michael, Barnette partnered with other
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1325:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 48.
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769:. Bancroft-Whitney Co. 1908. pp. 661–662.
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1239:Movius, Phyllis Demuth (January–March 2004),
1138:Naske, Clause M.; Herman E. Slotnick (1994).
879:Naske, Clause M.; Herman E. Slotnick (1994).
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593:Fairbanks North Star Borough School District
309:of the Tanana River, at least as far as the
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1272:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 154.
1117:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 185.
1037:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 153.
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1001:"Barnette's Landing Beautification Project"
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710:People of the North: Heroes and Scoundrels
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29:
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1144:. University of Oklahoma Press. pp.
885:. University of Oklahoma Press. pp.
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643:. Ohio University Press. pp. 39–43.
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212:, with the intention of steaming up the
1380:20th-century mayors of places in Alaska
1323:Report to the Secretary of the Interior
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807:
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607:is named for Isabelle Cleary Barnette.
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1390:Businesspeople from Fairbanks, Alaska
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434:newspaper published a story entitled
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1410:People from the Territory of Alaska
1229:, 49 Wash. at 670-71, 96 P. at 229.
1141:Alaska: A History of the 49th State
1065:. City of Fairbanks. Archived from
882:Alaska: A History of the 49th State
494:Vice President of the United States
188:. On August 2, 1897, he arrived in
13:
1385:American people convicted of fraud
14:
1421:
1171:, 49 Wash. 659, 96 P. 225 (1908).
208:to purchase another steamer, the
840:. University of Alaska Anchorage
747:. University of Alaska Anchorage
712:. University of Alaska Anchorage
378:, who had been appointed to the
264:
148:, and later served as its first
16:First mayor of Fairbanks, Alaska
1334:
1321:; Governor of Oklahoma (1905).
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436:Rich Strike Made in the Tanana.
380:judgeship of the Third District
1345:. Graphic Arts Center Pub Co.
1297:. HarperCollins. p. 219.
1188:. HarperCollins. p. 218.
1092:. HarperCollins. p. 216.
826:
812:. Avalon Travel. p. 375.
784:. HarperCollins. p. 214.
679:. HarperCollins. p. 213.
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1:
914:, p. 1, January 19, 1903
745:People of the North: Pioneers
627:Allen, June (July 13, 2004),
614:
461:Mayor of "an American Dawson"
1400:Politicians from Akron, Ohio
1319:Territorial Governor, Alaska
1293:Borneman, Walter R. (2004).
1184:Borneman, Walter R. (2004).
1088:Borneman, Walter R. (2004).
780:Borneman, Walter R. (2004).
675:Borneman, Walter R. (2004).
186:gold strikes in the Klondike
155:
7:
1395:Mayors of Fairbanks, Alaska
1295:Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land
1186:Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land
1090:Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land
782:Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land
677:Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land
478:Northern Commercial Company
10:
1426:
1216:, p. 6, June 27, 1908
1063:City of Fairbanks Web Site
834:"Isabelle Cleary Barnette"
559:Fairbanks Daily News-Miner
536:The Washington-Alaska Bank
515:as Alaska's largest city.
416:
297:, captain of the 150 foot
44:Mayor of Fairbanks, Alaska
507:. Barnette purchased the
482:Fairbanks Banking Company
271:San Francisco, California
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1268:Levi, Steven C. (2008).
1113:Levi, Steven C. (2008).
1033:Levi, Steven C. (2008).
955:Levi, Steven C. (2008).
142:Elbridge Truman Barnette
96:Elbridge Truman Barnette
1341:Cole, Terrence (1989).
639:Haigh, Jane G. (2007).
540:Barnette purchased the
413:The Fairbanks Gold Rush
227:only made it as far as
160:He was born in 1863 in
1059:"History of Fairbanks"
810:Moon Handbooks: Alaska
542:Washington-Alaska Bank
315:William R. Abercrombie
808:Pitcher, Don (2007).
574:Agnews State Hospital
567:Later life and legacy
529:Fairbanks Daily Times
357:Saint Elias Mountains
1069:on February 11, 2009
1011:on November 20, 2008
578:San Jose, California
501:Tanana Mines Railway
467:Justice of the Peace
388:Charles W. Fairbanks
325:In August 1901, the
1169:Causten v. Barnette
520:Causten v. Barnette
446:Fairbanks Gold Rush
419:Fairbanks Gold Rush
198:St. Michael, Alaska
190:Seattle, Washington
1405:Steamship captains
1214:The New York Times
1005:Festival Fairbanks
912:The New York Times
441:The New York Times
319:Valdez-Eagle Trail
307:head of navigation
176:Stampede to Dawson
67:Office Established
981:Wickersham, James
860:Wickersham, James
331:Big Delta, Alaska
256:Tanacross, Alaska
254:(near modern-day
146:Fairbanks, Alaska
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244:Valdez, Alaska
229:Circle, Alaska
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327:Lavelle Young
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303:Lavelle Young
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1073:November 19,
1071:. Retrieved
1067:the original
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1013:. Retrieved
1009:the original
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938:. Retrieved
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751:November 19,
749:. Retrieved
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714:. Retrieved
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252:Tanana River
233:
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196:, bound for
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113:(1933-05-22)
111:May 22, 1933
74:Succeeded by
66:
51:
1375:1933 deaths
1370:1863 births
597:Isabel Pass
586:Weeks Field
426:Jujiro Wada
346:Chenoa City
335:Chena River
225:St. Michael
214:Yukon River
210:St. Michael
162:Akron, Ohio
118:Los Angeles
102:Akron, Ohio
78:B. D. Mills
62:Preceded by
1364:Categories
1255:2008-11-20
615:References
407:grubstaked
372:Arctic Boy
279:Arctic Boy
275:Arctic Boy
240:John Healy
206:stampeders
202:Bering Sea
122:California
603:north of
471:tent city
431:Yukon Sun
200:, on the
194:Cleveland
156:Biography
56:1903–1906
52:In office
983:(1903).
862:(1902).
659:Specific
448:was on.
403:Isabelle
399:Isabelle
395:Isabelle
368:Isabelle
361:Isabelle
1227:Causten
844:12 July
633:SitNews
621:General
599:in the
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444:. The
340:spruce
301:, the
218:Dawson
170:Canada
166:Oregon
128:Spouse
505:Chena
246:, to
150:mayor
1347:ISBN
1299:ISBN
1274:ISBN
1190:ISBN
1150:ISBN
1119:ISBN
1094:ISBN
1075:2008
1039:ISBN
1017:2008
961:ISBN
942:2008
891:ISBN
846:2024
814:ISBN
786:ISBN
753:2008
718:2008
681:ISBN
645:ISBN
513:Nome
393:The
366:The
286:The
223:The
108:Died
99:1863
92:Born
42:1st
576:in
216:to
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
