Eileen Collins - Knowledge

1455: 1081: 1611: 1252: 1135:(JSC) with the second of five groups of hopefuls for a week of interviews, examinations, medical evaluations and orientation, commencing on 2 October 1989. Once again, her eyesight proved a problem; she failed the depth perception test, but the doctor allowed her to take an alternative test, which she passed. On 16 January 1990, she saw a note on the message board asking her to call Duane Ross. When she called she was put through to John Young, who informed her that she had been selected. When he asked if she had any questions, she asked if she was to be a pilot or a mission specialist. Young laughed and told her: "Pilot! Yes, pilot. You will be the first woman to pilot the 2197: 1210:(KSC) in Florida as an astronaut support person (ASP), also known as a Cape Crusader. This was another routine assignment that astronauts did to familiarize them with the Space Shuttle's systems and procedures. ASPs handled the checkout of the systems in the hangar and on the launch pad. As members of the KSC closeout crew, they strapped the astronauts into their seats before takeoff, and helped them out again after landing. Collins spent sixteen months as an ASP, assisting with ten Space Shuttle missions between February 1992 and June 1993. After so long away from JSC, her skills in the simulator had become rusty, so the 1727: 35: 1877:(ISS) as well as the Space Shuttle. She relinquished this position on being assigned to command STS-93. After returning from that mission, she became the chief information officer at the Astronaut Office. In that role she automated the scheduling system, an initiative of the new Chief of the Astronaut Office, Charles Precourt. She then became the chief of the Space Shuttle Branch, remaining in this role until November 2000, when she left on maternity leave. On returning to work in January 2001, she became the chief of the Safety Branch, replacing 898: 5081: 2144: 724: 1861: 1143: 2027: 8191: 8167: 269: 274: 264: 259: 631:(USAF) changed its policy to allow women to train as pilots, although only for non-combat missions. The first ten women chosen for pilot training in September 1976 were all serving Air Force officers with four-year college degrees. They graduated in September 1977. Collins noted their names and followed their progress and subsequent careers with interest, hoping to soon follow in their footsteps. 806:. Entry required at least one year as an aircraft commander in an operational aircraft and over one thousand hours flying time. She had already accumulated over a thousand hours flying as an instructor at Vance, but the USAF does not consider a trainer an operational aircraft, unlike a fighter, bomber, reconnaissance, transport or refueling aircraft. Collins requested an assignment flying the 1008:

the USAF Test Pilot School were rejected on these grounds. When she applied for a third time in 1989, she had been in the USAF for longer than the ten-year maximum allowed before entering the USAF Test Pilot School, but this time a waiver was granted. In the meantime, Captain Jacquelyn Susan "Jackie" Parker became the first woman to graduate from the USAF Test Pilot School in 1988.

8179: 1480:, which had a reputation as the least troublesome orbiter, and for this mission carried two Spacehab modules instead of just one. In preparation for the mission, Collins completed one hundred hours of Russian language classroom training, but she usually relied on Precourt translating for her. The crew traveled to Star City to study 2096:

was not damaged, video of the launch revealed that the problem with debris striking the Space Shuttle had not been resolved. Ten pieces of foam had broken off the external tank during lift off, including a 92-by-279-by-17-centimeter (36.3 in × 110 in × 6.7 in) piece that was

2134:

touched down after a mission lasting 13 days, 21 hours and 33 minutes. This time, Collins was unhappy with her landing, feeling that it was slightly fast. She was relieved to find that the tires were in good shape. Although she had felt well in space on this mission, her feet hurt as the bones moved

2045:

She expressed reservations about the studs that held the Space Shuttle in place on the launch pad. The bolts holding them were supposed to be ruptured by explosive charges on lift off, but not all had done so on every mission; nuts had failed to rupture on one in five missions. If too many failed to

1791:

lifted off at last on 23 July. One of the main engine controllers failed during takeoff, and one of the main engines cut out prematurely. As a result, the orbit reached was 7 miles (11 km) lower than intended but the situation could have been much worse; the engine problem was caused by a pin

670:

upon graduation from Syracuse, to become a computer systems engineer. Before this could occur, the Syracuse AFROTC commander, Colonel Vernon Hagen, informed her that the USAF was now accepting up to ten women from AFROTC programs for pilot training; the first ten women graduated on 2 September 1977.

1695:

Because the AXAF weighed 30,852 pounds (13,994 kg) and the IUS weighed 12,930 pounds (5,860 kg), this was the heaviest payload ever launched by the Space Shuttle. To save weight, the crew was reduced to five members, and consumables to those needed for a five-day mission. This made it the

1178:

had been a fellow assistant professor at the Air Force Academy and graduate student at Stanford. Pilot ASCANs honed their skills flying the T-38, an aircraft with which Collins was already familiar. They attended classes on the Space Shuttle and its systems, and trained in a low-fidelity simulator.

2119:

s belly to ensure there was no threat from debris-related damage to the orbiter upon reentry. It was a difficult maneuver, but one that she had practised many times in the simulator. She then flew under the ISS and docked with it. The inspections revealed some concerns: gap fillers were protruding

1955:

in February 2003. STS-114 now became NASA's "return to flight" mission to test safety improvements in addition to resupplying the ISS. The crew remained the same, but instead of the ISS expedition crew members, STS-114 would take three additional mission specialists to handle the greater workload:

1007:

in California, but USAF rules required officers to pay back their tuition by serving with the duty assignment that provided the funding. This meant that she was supposed to remain at the Air Force Academy for three years. She hoped that this rule would be waived, but her first two applications for

1968:

to operate the robotic arm, which was equipped with specialized cameras so that the Space Shuttle could be surveyed for damage. STS-114 was already scheduled to be the next mission flown, but it is unlikely that it would have remained so if Collins and Kelly had not already flown a mission as

1812:

eventually reached the proper orbit and the Chandra X-ray Observatory was successfully deployed. For the remainder of the mission, the crew used the Southwest Ultraviolet Imaging System (SWUIS) to take ultraviolet images of the Earth, the Moon, Mercury, Venus and Jupiter. Collins used the

1675:

had to be used because its airlock was inside the crew compartment instead of the payload bay. This meant that it was the only orbiter that could accommodate the AXAF and the IUS. Initially scheduled for January 1999, the launch date was delayed due to an investigation of a failed USAF

1786:

There was no fuel leak; the sensor was faulty. The launch was rescheduled for two days later. It then had to be postponed a further day due to bad weather. On the third launch attempt, there was a seven-minute delay due to a communications problem, but

1792:

that had come loose and struck the nozzle, rupturing three liquid hydrogen coolant tubes. Had the controller not been faulty, it might have pumped more liquid oxygen and caused the engine to explode. After the flight, faults were found not just in

2023:, Collins replied: "I would have to say no. I want to fly again. I am very mentally ready to go fly again." Then pausing, noting that she wanted to be precise, she added "I am mentally ready to go fly again when the shuttle is cleared to fly." 642:

from men, but Collins was granted permission to do the morning run with the men, who had to run 12 furlongs (2.4 km) in less than 12 minutes. The training included classes on the history of the USAF and the theory of flight, a ride in a

1661:

in 1990 and service it in 1997. Collins was apprehensive that Hawley would attempt to command the mission. Her fears proved groundless; Hawley offered wisdom and advice but made no attempt to interfere with Collins's command of the mission.

2120:

between some of the tiles, which could cause them to pop out during re-entry. The three spacewalks and the transfer of supplies were carried out without problems. On the third spacewalk, Robinson rode the robotic arm to the underside of

778:

training. The top-ranking members of the class went on to fly single-pilot aircraft, while the others became co-pilots. Most single-pilot aircraft were combat aircraft, which woman could not yet fly, so she stayed on at Vance as a

2158:. On 1 May 2006, NASA announced that she was leaving NASA to spend more time with her family and pursue other interests. She had flown 6,751 hours in thirty different types of aircraft, and logged over 872 hours in space flights. 1236:. This was the first time a woman had piloted the Space Shuttle. Delays in the flight schedule meant that she was the second-last member of her class to fly in space. Two more women pilots joined the Astronaut Corps in 1995 with 1173:

was publicly announced on 17 January 1990. The group called themselves the "Hairballs". She reported for duty at JSC on 16 July 1990, after graduating from the USAF Test Pilot School. She knew one other member of the group well:

2091:

at KSC to swap the external tank. This pushed the launch date back to 13 July. Then the same problem recurred, causing another postponement. The mission was launched on 26 July 2005, after a flawless countdown. Although

1096:. Because she had not yet graduated from the USAF Test Pilot School, the USAF submitted her application as one for a mission specialist. NASA convened a selection board chaired by the Director of Flight Crew Operations, 8351: 1935:

and to replace a gyroscope that had failed. Collins was concerned about the proposed workload; she knew from her experience on STS-93 that a hectic schedule and pressure to get things done often resulted in mistakes.

703:

for the Flight Screening Program (FSP) In August 1978. She was one of four women in the class; there were ten men. The purpose of the FSP was to screen out unsuitable pilots before sending them to the more expensive

1348:(RCS) thrusters, which sprang leaks. Some thrusters could be shut off, but one thruster, R1U, was required for rendezvous, and could not. Eventually all its contents leaked into space and it was safe to approach 1092:(NASA) announced that it was selecting another class of astronauts. Collins's application was one of nearly 2,500 received by the 30 June 1989 deadline, of which 1,945 met the minimum requirements for pilots or 1928:, which would then be filled with experiments, equipment that was no longer required, and garbage to be returned to Earth. Three spacewalks were scheduled, to install an external stowage platform on the ISS 1872:

After the STS-84 mission, Collins had become the head of the Vehicle Systems Branch of the Astronaut Office, which she had renamed the Spacecraft Systems Branch, as the scope of its work now included the

1509:

without incident the next day. This time, Collins felt no nausea. Crew members were exchanged, and 7,300 pounds (3,300 kg) of equipment, spare parts, experiments and supplies were transferred to

517:

so astronauts aboard the ISS could take photographs of its belly to ensure there was no threat from debris-related damage during re-entry. She retired from the USAF in January 2005 with the rank of

1195:, and parachute training at Vance Air Force Base. Although their training was intended to take a year, the ASCANs were moved on to operational roles after nine months. Collins was assigned to 679:

in her right eye, she had only 20/25 in the left, leading to her being rejected. Hagen told her to rest her eyes, and ordered a re-test, which she passed. She graduated later that year with a

2165:, a San Antonio banking and insurance company, from 2006 to 2021. She remained involved with NASA, as chair of the Space Operations Committee of the NASA Advisory Council from 2007 to 2011. 8311: 1779:

s hazardous gas detection system highlighted an unacceptably high hydrogen concentration in the aft engine compartment, and the countdown was halted less than half a second before the

774:

at the conclusion of this training, and was selected to become a flight instructor. There remained some training before she could join an operational unit. First, there was a week of

8326: 1011:

Collins became the second woman pilot to attend when she joined Class 89B in June 1989. She was also the most senior member of the class, as she was the only one with the rank of

1947:

in June 2002 led to the entire Space Shuttle fleet being grounded again until October, pushing the launch date back to 6 March 2003. The fleet was then grounded again after the

4840: 4394: 1783:(SSMEs) were to have started. Had they been started, they would have had to be replaced, which would have taken a month, pushing it into the scheduled maintenance window. 585: 1379:

on the first three days, taking dinner for the first time on the fourth. Her responsibilities included running the Fluids Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus-1 (FGBA-1), a

8356: 8346: 5475: 2130:

was supposed to land at KSC on 8 August but unfavorable weather led to a postponement until the next day, and the landing site was changed to Edwards Air Force Base.

8306: 4664: 2933: 2809: 937:, and took thirty-six medical students back. Although women were not supposed to fly in combat, the USAF gave her combat pay for the mission, and awarded her the 8361: 2769: 3965: 1501:

lifted off from KSC on 15 May 1997. For Collins, it was the first and only time a launch had occurred without delays. Nor were there any leaking thrusters;

1454: 7555: 639: 3920: 4043: 2046:

separate, the result could be catastrophic. A new detonator system was devised, but would not be available for STS-114. She also had concerns about the

2992: 1575:

The usual practice at this time was for a pilot astronaut to fly two missions as a pilot and then go on to command a mission. Collins had heard of the

8296: 8281: 5067: 791:. She was the first woman to become a T-38 instructor pilot, and the only woman flight instructor at Vance between September 1979 and December 1982. 8366: 8331: 4813: 3556: 2689: 1315:(STA), a NASA training vehicle that duplicated the orbiter's approach profile and handling qualities. The crew paid a visit to Russia and visited 992:

in 1989. She had begun dating a fellow C-141 pilot, James P. (Pat) Youngs, in August 1983. Youngs was also posted to the Air Force Academy, as a

5260: 4889: 4488: 2533: 5468: 4196: 2108:

was already in orbit, but the Space Shuttle fleet was grounded again. Collins became the first astronaut to fly an orbiter through a complete

4713: 1825:

in for a night landing, the twelfth of the Space Shuttle program. The flight had lasted 4 days, 22 hours and 50 minutes. She was awarded the

1595:. This would be the first time that a woman commanded a Space Shuttle mission, so the official announcement of her assignment was made by the 8381: 5433: 1765: 5438: 4768: 4347: 4619: 4223: 8336: 4549: 3308: 3251: 3215: 2681: 1610: 1433: 1080: 751:. There were three other women in her class, 79–08. She decorated her helmet with the logo E = mc, an allusion to both her initials and 8256: 2892: 2213: 2087:

was rolled out to the launch pad on 6 April 2005, but problems with the sensors in the external tank led to it being taken back to the

1826: 124: 4572: 1131:

In September 1989, Collins received a call from Duane Ross, the selection board's administrative officer, inviting her to come to the

759:

equation. Flight training was conducted in the T-37 Tweet. On 24 November 1978, she became the first member of her class to fly solo.

8341: 8316: 8266: 8231: 7548: 5461: 2221: 597: 139: 4513: 830:, a transport aircraft that had been her 21st choice, as a co-pilot. She flew long-range missions such as the "Double Diego" run to 8276: 775: 621: 367: 4369: 547:

and Elmira, New York. She had three siblings: an older brother, a younger sister, and a younger brother. Her father served in the

8261: 5423: 2715: 1653:

was the only available astronaut who met both these requirements. Hawley was a very senior astronaut who had been selected with

2300: 1516:

Collins spent most of the time filling bags with drinking water. She also carried out a photographic survey of the exterior of

815: 3712: 8301: 5060: 5016: 4963: 4742: 2341: 1089: 1048: 672: 166: 8226: 8221: 8134: 7564: 7541: 4934: 2275: 2201: 1028: 8321: 5253: 4668: 2601: 2173: 2148: 2004: 1251: 5045: 1969:

commander and pilot respectively. Collins advocated for at least one rookie astronaut to be assigned to the flight, and

1712:, so any problems had to be resolved in the payload bay, as the Chandra could not be retrieved. The large mass affected 8371: 8246: 2572: 1325:

spacecraft, the Russian equivalent of the Space Shuttle. On Collins' invitation, seven of the surviving members of the

3501: 8291: 8241: 3377: 2233: 2217: 1980: 1629:, a rookie astronaut, was assigned as Collins's pilot. To deploy the AXAF, she had NASA mission specialist astronaut 969: 313: 156: 134: 4302: 422:, and took thirty-six medical students back. From 1986 to 1989, she was an assistant professor in mathematics and a 8386: 8251: 5485: 5053: 4275: 3969: 2172:. She was the commencement speaker at the 148th commencement of Syracuse University in May 2001. She addressed the 1814: 1056: 938: 854:

in the Philippines. The aircraft then flew to Clark and Diego Garcia again, before heading homeward via Singapore,

811: 366:

degree in mathematics and economics in 1978, Collins was commissioned as an officer in the USAF through Syracuse's

151: 3776: 3638: 3448: 2050:

that separated the SRBs from the orbiter. These were redesigned for STS-114. Finally, she expressed concern about

7242: 6705: 4423: 4303:"Space Shuttle Astronauts Curt Brown, Eileen Collins and Bonnie Dunbar Inducted into U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame" 2469: 2319: 2264: 1948: 996:

instructor. They were married on 1 August 1987. Youngs eventually left the USAF to fly as a commercial pilot for

953: 941:. After nine months as a co-pilot, she was upgraded to first pilot. After attending aircraft commander school at 656: 498: 2101:, and it had evidently not been fixed. Collins blamed herself for not pushing Michoud harder to effect changes. 1390:

Soon after returning from space, Collins became pregnant. Her first child, Bridget, was born nine months later.

890:, and to European destinations in Germany, Spain, Italy, Turkey and the United Kingdom in support of the annual 8376: 8271: 5246: 4597: 4419: 3924: 2315: 2271: 2237: 1925: 1834: 1769: 608:, a public high school. After graduating from Elmira Free Academy in 1974, Collins considered enlisting in the 161: 4444: 4249: 8236: 5428: 4535: 2832:"Today in History – Syracuse University Graduate Eileen Collins Chosen as First Woman to Pilot Space Shuttle" 1645:

was to be the second mission specialist, but NASA headquarters wanted an astronomer with experience with the

1211: 5271: 4791: 2630: 1265:

on flight day one of the STS-63 mission during a "hotfiring" procedure prior to rendezvous with the Russian

7377: 6731: 6609: 1846:

show on 25 April 2000. She had a miscarriage in November 1999, but a son, Luke, was born in November 2000.

918: 705: 564: 403: 371: 5453: 4173: 2380: 2196: 1104:, the Director of Life Sciences; Joseph Atkinson, the Chief of Equal Opportunity Programs; and astronauts 7708: 6318: 3138: 2168:

Collins also made occasional public appearances as an analyst covering Shuttle launches and landings for

2016: 1874: 1761: 1301: 1188: 795: 771: 756: 635: 600:, a Catholic high school, but was unhappy there. The family home was badly damaged by flooding caused by 506: 383: 4817: 3560: 2334:

Through the Glass Ceiling to the Stars: The Story of the First American Woman to Command a Space Mission

2310:

in 1996, and in 2021, she received Syracuse University's highest alumni honor, the George Arents Award.

8157: 7908: 5926: 2868:

Stoker, Peter; Hunter, David R.; Kantor, Jeffrey E.; Quebe, John C.; Siem, Frederick M. (August 1987).

1901: 1032: 604:

in June 1972, and with finances tight, she was able to convince her mother to allow her to transfer to

2288: 1583:, that she was interested in flying the mission to deploy it. A few months later, JSC deputy director 671:

He offered to put her name forward. Collins eagerly accepted the offer, but a physical examination at

8286: 7963: 4896: 2537: 2311: 2109: 2088: 2008: 1987:, advised her to visit the contractors where the Space Shuttle components were made. She visited the 1780: 1681: 1576: 1549:, and everyone had a couple of sips. Alcohol consumption was banned on the Space Shuttle, but not on 1424:. Foale had been with Collins on the STS-63 mission. This time the cosmonaut on the mission would be 1312: 827: 613: 514: 490: 355: 79: 1003:

Earning an advanced degree improved her chances of being selected for the USAF Test Pilot School at

708:(UPT) program. Collins was almost eliminated on medical grounds due to her left eye and a suspected 7768: 6655: 6559: 6258: 6142: 2474: 2047: 1180: 867: 807: 644: 6929: 4324: 1448: 7888: 7743: 7733: 7673: 7049: 6939: 6792: 6298: 6167: 5635: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5094: 5090: 5076: 3921:"NASA – STS-114 Commander Eileen Collins: From 'Soaring Capital of America' to the Space Shuttle" 2318:

also conferred an honorary Doctor of Science degree on her on 14 June 2006. She was awarded with

2279: 2241: 2155: 2055: 1992: 1839: 1832:

After a flight astronauts usually carried out a publicity tour. Collins appeared with Coleman on

1801: 1680:

launch using the IUS and problems that were discovered during testing of the AXAF (now named the

1345: 1281: 1260: 1237: 1170: 843: 784: 736: 713: 696: 628: 518: 470: 454: 336: 223: 203: 199: 171: 4691:"Lone Star Flight Museum Held a Virtual Ceremony for 2020 Texas Aviation Hall Of Fame Inductees" 1015:, which made her the class leader. At Edwards she flew several types of aircraft, including the 783:

instructor pilot. This involved four weeks of pilot instructor training, which was conducted at

535: 8211: 8118: 6995: 6490: 6354: 6313: 6046: 6016: 5599: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5229: 4637: 4623: 2245: 2012: 1988: 1735: 1670: 1658: 1654: 1619: 1600: 1475: 1105: 1004: 922: 910: 906: 835: 803: 568: 447: 427: 407: 7688: 3315: 3258: 3222: 743:, where the first ten women had trained, but the USAF personnel office decided to send her to 7808: 7509: 7196: 6787: 6751: 6589: 6374: 6127: 6086: 6056: 5956: 5951: 5874: 5799: 5174: 4890:"Colonel Eileen Collins, USAF (Ret.) to be Honored with 2022 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy" 2299:

run by Corning Community College—is named in her honor, as is the main entrance boulevard to

2208:

As well as USAF Command Pilot (Astronaut) wings, Collins' awards and decorations include the

1924:

back. Some 1,100 cubic feet (31 m) of supplies would be transferred to the ISS from the

1818: 1492: 1196: 1060: 1036: 1012: 863: 855: 819: 717: 667: 660: 510: 423: 395: 34: 6450: 2810:"NASA astronaut Eileen Collins to deliver Syracuse University/ESF 2001 Commencement address" 1248:. They would be the only other women to pilot the Space Shuttle in its thirty-year history. 8216: 8139: 8108: 7973: 7813: 7773: 7504: 7206: 6914: 6888: 6807: 6379: 6132: 5594: 5276: 3100: 2428: 1689: 1646: 1215: 1207: 1200: 1155: 1132: 942: 851: 744: 375: 7484: 3059: 1726: 1387:

landed back at KSC on 11 February 1995, after 8 days, 6 hours and 28 minutes in flight.

8: 8088: 8073: 7988: 7978: 7938: 7783: 7643: 7423: 7397: 6736: 6710: 6629: 6624: 6549: 6480: 6470: 6460: 6369: 6293: 6021: 5946: 5889: 5726: 5666: 5656: 5539: 5534: 5189: 5164: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5075: 4867: 4792:"Space shuttle retirement prompts space veterans with Syracuse ties to ask, What's next?" 2296: 2161:

After her retirement from the USAF and NASA, Collins served on the Board of Directors of

2031: 1929: 1588: 1554: 1166: 1147: 1044: 981: 977: 926: 763: 728: 617: 605: 593: 439: 435: 411: 359: 97: 88: 731:

when she graduated from flight school at Vance Air Force Base in Oklahoma in August 1979

567:. As a child, Collins was shy and needed speech therapy for her stutter. She joined the 8195: 8068: 7873: 7858: 7648: 7533: 7382: 7333: 7308: 7237: 7181: 7135: 7074: 7059: 6975: 6475: 6425: 6410: 6303: 6273: 6202: 6172: 6157: 6152: 6076: 6006: 5991: 5941: 5921: 5789: 5747: 5184: 5118: 4841:"Pixar president, astronaut Eileen Collins, more to receive Syracuse University awards" 4048: 2606: 2577: 2381:"Biographical Data: Eileen Marie Collins (Colonel, Ret.) NASA Astronaut (Former), USAF" 2229: 2181: 2000: 1344:, followed by a flyaround. This was delayed by problems with three of the orbiter's 44 1321: 1184: 1093: 989: 788: 659:, eventually flying solo, but did not have time to complete all the requirements for a 579: 573: 443: 145: 106: 6505: 1319:

and aircraft and spacecraft museums in the Moscow area, and sat in the cockpit of the

8023: 7823: 7738: 7479: 7443: 7413: 7252: 7064: 6843: 6772: 6756: 6715: 6700: 6670: 6584: 6344: 6328: 6137: 6122: 5905: 5589: 5584: 5022: 5012: 4988: 4969: 4959: 4940: 4930: 4845: 4721: 4529: 2869: 2831: 2720: 2479: 2347: 2337: 2307: 2256: 2249: 1720: 1316: 1311:

In preparation for the mission, Collins flew over 500 approaches and landings in the

1266: 1000:, thereby giving himself the flexibility to follow Collins as her career progressed. 973: 891: 692: 648: 533:, on 19 November 1956. Her parents were James Edward Collins and his wife Rose Marie 110: 101: 83: 4690: 1553:. The rest of the mission was taken up conducting experiments. Collins photographed 1439:

mission. Collins had glimpsed her during the STS-63 mission. The mission commander,

1340:. The mission plan called for an approach to no less than 10 meters (11 yd) of 818:, but women were still not permitted to fly combat aircraft, so she was assigned to 8183: 8093: 8053: 8043: 8018: 7893: 7878: 7853: 7833: 7798: 7753: 7723: 7693: 7683: 7663: 7318: 7201: 7186: 7094: 7084: 7044: 6980: 6960: 6797: 6741: 6685: 6604: 6554: 6440: 6364: 6222: 6091: 6041: 5976: 5971: 5936: 5884: 5815: 5604: 5524: 5209: 5154: 5123: 5108: 3716: 3586: 3060:"Chandra Press Room :: CXC Biographies :: Eileen Collins (Colonel, USAF)" 2635: 2253: 2225: 1905: 1561:

returned to KSC on 24 May after a flight lasting 9 days, 23 hours and 20 minutes.

1539: 1440: 1425: 1273: 1113: 946: 680: 530: 462: 391: 363: 92: 67: 4746: 8171: 7838: 7668: 7583: 7514: 7387: 7372: 7323: 7313: 7166: 7140: 7079: 6944: 6904: 6863: 6858: 6782: 6777: 6665: 6639: 6574: 6510: 6485: 6455: 6389: 6349: 6288: 6283: 6278: 6187: 6162: 6036: 6011: 5931: 5731: 5710: 5705: 5559: 5519: 5194: 5169: 4044:"Loss of the Shuttle: The Next Crew; A Shuttle Leader is Ready 'to Go Fly Again'" 2770:"This Day In Aviation History Graduation of The First 10 Female Air Force Pilots" 2304: 2209: 2177: 1970: 1764:

were at KSC to watch the launch. Observers also included Hillary Clinton and the

1364: 1151: 1101: 997: 875: 752: 601: 129: 5080: 2112:. This was necessary so the astronauts aboard the ISS could take photographs of 1748:

The launch day of 20 July 1999, coincided with the thirtieth anniversary of the

897: 616:, where she earned an associate degree in mathematics in 1976. She then entered 8083: 7958: 7953: 7943: 7913: 7903: 7758: 7728: 7638: 7623: 7618: 7598: 7593: 7494: 7489: 7453: 7328: 7247: 7232: 7191: 7115: 7069: 6878: 6827: 6802: 6695: 6675: 6579: 6435: 6430: 6384: 6268: 6253: 6243: 6227: 6212: 6207: 6192: 6182: 6177: 6081: 6066: 6061: 5986: 5981: 5879: 5609: 5569: 5564: 5214: 5204: 5040: 2447: 2135:

back into position back on the ground, and the pain took two weeks to subside.

1965: 1913: 1753: 1638: 1604: 1417: 1109: 1064: 1024: 985: 965: 930: 902: 883: 859: 748: 415: 189: 4927:

Wheels Stop: The Tragedies and Triumphs of the Space Shuttle Program 1986-2011

4466: 4370:"NASA Administrator Bridenstine? His name's in the mix for Trump's space team" 3861: 2433: 2351: 1696:

shortest scheduled mission since 1990. Two of the five pairs of tanks holding

1591:

informed her that she was to be assigned to the mission, which was designated

1383:

dispensing machine. Astronauts rated control samples before and after flight.

8205: 8113: 8103: 8098: 8058: 8013: 8008: 7998: 7983: 7948: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7898: 7843: 7793: 7788: 7778: 7718: 7698: 7613: 7608: 7469: 7438: 7392: 7288: 7257: 7227: 7211: 7176: 7171: 7145: 7089: 7005: 7000: 6934: 6924: 6883: 6868: 6853: 6848: 6822: 6690: 6500: 6495: 6465: 6394: 6359: 6323: 6217: 6197: 6117: 6051: 5961: 5752: 5630: 5625: 5549: 5544: 5292: 4992: 4973: 4944: 3245: 3243: 2870:

Flight Screening Program Effects on Attrition in Undergraduate Pilot Training

2483: 2303:. One of her graduate school alma maters, Webster University, awarded her an 2260: 1843: 1650: 1642: 1626: 1584: 1488: 1487:

s systems and had dinner at the home of Kondakova and her husband, cosmonaut

1413: 1245: 1241: 1136: 1121: 1016: 676: 348: 5026: 1292:. This was the first time a Space Shuttle made an approach and flyaround of 555:

during World War II. After the war he managed the family bar, then became a

8078: 8063: 8048: 8003: 7868: 7748: 7658: 7653: 7633: 7628: 7588: 7499: 7474: 7418: 7293: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7150: 7130: 7125: 7054: 6990: 6985: 6970: 6965: 6660: 6634: 6619: 6594: 6569: 6415: 6248: 6147: 6071: 6026: 5835: 5830: 5820: 5773: 5768: 5651: 5579: 5554: 5529: 5483: 5224: 5219: 3509: 2185: 1921: 1917: 1878: 1630: 1615: 960:, where she was an assistant professor in mathematics, teaching courses on 887: 831: 709: 609: 560: 559:. Her parents separated when she was young, and her mother took a job as a 544: 3381: 3240: 2143: 8038: 8033: 8028: 7968: 7863: 7848: 7818: 7713: 7678: 7578: 7448: 7120: 6919: 6909: 6746: 6680: 6614: 6308: 6107: 5996: 5966: 5574: 5514: 5199: 5179: 5159: 4516:. National Space Symposium. Archived from the original on 3 February 2009 4039: 2270:

Collins was inducted into the National Women's Hall Of Fame in 1995, the

2154:

Collins retired from the U.S. Air Force in January 2005 with the rank of

1957: 1757: 1543: 1368: 1175: 1125: 1117: 879: 767: 723: 552: 540: 4985:

USAF Test Pilot School 50th anniversary (1944-1994): 50 Years and Beyond

1860: 1806:

as well, and the whole Space Shuttle fleet was grounded until December.

1308:

for a year. He became the second cosmonaut to fly on the Space Shuttle.

8352:

United States Air Force personnel of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)

7993: 7918: 7883: 7828: 7803: 7303: 7298: 7110: 6812: 6599: 6445: 6420: 6112: 6031: 5825: 5794: 5661: 2716:"When Women Earned Their Wings: the USAF's First Crop of Female Pilots" 2455: 2439: 1976: 1596: 1580: 1367:

and the SPARTAN-204 astronomy satellite. Collins had never experienced

1326: 1040: 823: 780: 652: 399: 387: 344: 4224:"Veteran leaders: A peek at the USAA board of directors' compensation" 3483: 3481: 2180:, on 20 July 2016, leading to speculation that she might be appointed 1142: 1084:

Attending a survival training course at Vance Air Force Base, Oklahoma

712:, but was cleared to fly. Training flights were conducted from nearby 571:. She expressed an early interest in becoming a pilot, subscribing to 442:

in 1986, and a Master of Arts degree in space systems management from

8144: 7763: 7603: 7433: 6817: 6564: 6001: 4373: 3171: 1961: 1886: 1749: 1705: 1532: 1380: 1372: 1297: 1097: 1020: 799: 509:(ISS). During this mission she became the first astronaut to fly the 332: 4895:. National Aeronautic Association. 15 September 2022. Archived from 2934:"First female Space Shuttle commander left powerful legacy at Vance" 2026: 1723:, rendering a landing after an emergency abort extremely hazardous. 1684:). This pushed the launch date back to April and then to July, when 485:

in 1997. She became the first woman to command a US spacecraft with

446:

in 1989. That year, she became the second woman pilot to attend the

7428: 6873: 4276:"House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, 114th Congress" 3478: 2059: 1709: 1697: 1677: 961: 957: 577:

and reading books about World War II-era military aviators such as

556: 431: 379: 358:, where she earned an associate degree in mathematics in 1976, and 5268: 4092: 4090: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3606: 3604: 3468: 3466: 2283: 1996: 1890: 1882: 1865: 1855: 1192: 1159: 934: 740: 548: 494: 419: 340: 245: 4573:"Eileen Collins To Receive 2022 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy" 4250:"NASA - Space Operations Committee of the NASA Advisory Council" 4174:"NASA Astronaut Eileen Collins Completes Career of Space Firsts" 2709: 2707: 2097:

the largest ever recorded. This was the problem that had doomed

273: 3161: 3159: 3079: 3077: 3024: 3022: 2912: 2910: 2872:(Report). Brooks Air Force Base, Texas: United States Air Force 2851: 2849: 2789: 2787: 2752: 2750: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2417: 2051: 1741: 1701: 1592: 1570: 1546: 1463: 1405: 1399: 1233: 1227: 949:

training, she was upgraded to aircraft commander in June 1984.

871: 839: 486: 482: 458: 268: 263: 258: 241: 237: 233: 4987:. Edwards Air Force Base, California: USAF Test Pilot School. 4420:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement" 4153: 4087: 4075: 4063: 3996: 3984: 3939: 3900: 3888: 3876: 3839: 3743: 3731: 3692: 3616: 3601: 3536: 3524: 3463: 3420: 3408: 3396: 3357: 3288: 3183: 3039: 3037: 2682:"Catching Up With A&S Alumna and Astronaut Eileen Collins" 1206:

After nine months in this assignment, Collins was sent to the

612:, but her father was adamantly opposed. Instead, she attended 3658: 3656: 2704: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2278:

on 19 April 2013, and the Texas Aviation Hall Of Fame at the

2066:

revealed problems; these were rectified by taking parts from

1916:

were assigned as mission specialists. The mission would take

1232:

Collins first flew the Space Shuttle as pilot in 1995 aboard

1052: 700: 691:

Upon graduation from Syracuse, Collins was commissioned as a

634:

Six weeks after graduating from Corning, Collins reported to

8312:

Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)

3156: 3118: 3074: 3019: 3007: 2972: 2960: 2948: 2907: 2846: 2784: 2747: 2735: 2662: 2650: 2414: 1404:

In August 1995, Collins was assigned to her second mission,

4665:"Three Space Shuttle Astronauts Inducted into Hall of Fame" 3034: 2451: 2387: 2248:

in 2001, the Free Spirit Award, National Space Trophy, and

2162: 2124:

and removed the two most prominent protruding gap fillers.

2037:

of the International Space Station while the Space Shuttle

1979:, who had commanded the return to flight mission after the 1909: 1634: 1579:(AXAF) and indicated to the Chief of the Astronaut Office, 1376: 993: 952:

From August 1986 to June 1989, Collins was assigned to the

847: 762:

The second phase of instruction began in March 1979 in the

453:

In 1990, Collins was selected to be a pilot astronaut with

329: 4126: 4114: 4102: 4020: 3827: 3815: 3803: 3791: 3680: 3668: 3653: 3345: 3333: 3276: 3195: 2497: 2432: 2402: 2019:

was assembled. Asked if she felt afraid after the loss of

1443:, spoke Russian fluently. The crew also included a French 592:

Collins attended St. Patrick's School in Elmira up to the

4868:"First woman to pilot NASA space shuttle honoured by UCD" 4143: 4141: 2993:"Women's History Month honors unforgettable servicewomen" 2169: 1444: 1288: 477: 7563: 2552: 1416:

behind for a four-month stay, and return with astronaut

8327:

Syracuse University College of Arts and Sciences alumni

4743:"300 women who have changed the world - Eileen Collins" 4445:"Eileen Collins Receives Free Spirit of the Year Award" 2867: 2514: 1821:

with her call sign KD5EDS. On 27 July, Collins brought

1458:

In front of the overhead flight deck windows where the

802:. To achieve this goal, she aimed to graduate from the 735:

For her UPT, Collins requested that she be assigned to

457:. She flew the Space Shuttle as the pilot of the 1995 4982: 4714:"Texas Aviation Hall of Fame announces 2020 inductees" 4138: 4008: 3177: 1939:

Problems discovered with the propellant feed lines on

1885:

mission. In turn, Collins handed over the position to

1557:, the brightest comet seen in the sky for many years. 666:

In January 1978, Collins received orders to report to

8155: 4469:. Rotary National Award for Space Achievement (RNASA) 4203:. Colorado Springs, Colorado: Air Force Space Command 3309:"Second Group of Astronaut Hopefuls to Arrive at JSC" 539:

O'Hara. Her father's ancestors came to America from

4929:. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. 4282:. Washington, D.C. 25 February 2016. pp. 34–35 3711:McCarter, Jennifer; Hawley, Eileen (5 March 1998). 2438: 4172:Trinidad, Katherine; Peterson, Doug (1 May 2006). 3139:"Woman Faced Tough Odds in Botched Pilot Training" 2286:, Texas, on 6 May 2020. She was recognized by the 1432:between October 1994 to March 1995 as part of the 351:and the first to command a Space Shuttle mission. 8357:United States Air Force personnel of the Iraq War 8347:United States Air Force personnel of the Gulf War 1688:was scheduled for fifteen months' maintenance in 1513:, of which 1,000 pounds (450 kg) was water. 1214:, Hoot Gibson, returned her to JSC for duty as a 921:in October 1983, her aircraft flew troops of the 651:with an instructor. She took flying lessons in a 406:in October 1983, her aircraft flew troops of the 8307:Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal 8203: 4197:"Trailblazing astronaut is really down to earth" 4171: 2834:. Onondaga Historical Association. 18 March 2015 2690:Syracuse University College of Arts and Sciences 2470:"Col. Eileen Collins's 2016 Hall of Fame Speech" 2292:as one of 300 women who have changed the world. 1772:. The launch countdown proceeded smoothly until 1296:, although it did not dock. The crew included a 1199:systems, with particular responsibility for the 1165:Collins's selection as one of the twenty-three 4622:. National Women's Hall of Fame. Archived from 2804: 2802: 1900:with the ISS to transfer crewmen and supplies. 505:, to test safety improvements and resupply the 489:, which launched in July 1999 and deployed the 8362:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees 5077:NASA Astronaut Group 13, "The Hairballs", 1990 3713:"Collins Named First Female Shuttle Commander" 3710: 3585:Campion, Ed; Hawley, Eileen (22 August 1996). 3378:"Astronaut hopefuls don't mind being 'Chumps'" 2332:Collins, Eileen M.; Ward, Jonathan H. (2021). 695:in the USAF. She received orders to report to 497:, NASA's "return to flight" mission after the 386:, she stayed on at Vance for three years as a 370:program. She was one of four women chosen for 7549: 5469: 5434:List of United States Marine Corps astronauts 5254: 5061: 4348:"Here is Wednesday's RNC Convention Schedule" 3856: 3854: 3584: 3314:(Press release). NASA. 89-051. Archived from 3257:(Press release). NASA. 89-046. Archived from 3221:(Press release). NASA. 89-021. Archived from 3094: 3092: 2244:. She received the Golden Plate Award of the 2200:Collins speaks after being inducted into the 390:instructor pilot before transitioning to the 5439:List of United States Space Force astronauts 4953: 4570: 3715:(Press release). NASA. 98-37. Archived from 3580: 3578: 3252:"Astronaut Class of 1990 Selection Underway" 3043: 2799: 1371:, but felt nauseous. This was remedied by a 4159: 4096: 4081: 4069: 4002: 3990: 3945: 3906: 3894: 3882: 3845: 3833: 3821: 3809: 3797: 3754: 3737: 3698: 3686: 3674: 3662: 3622: 3610: 3542: 3530: 3487: 3472: 3426: 3414: 3402: 3363: 3351: 3339: 3294: 3282: 3216:"Deadline Set For Next Astronaut Selection" 3201: 3189: 3165: 3124: 3083: 3028: 3013: 2978: 2966: 2954: 2916: 2855: 2793: 2756: 2741: 2668: 2656: 2558: 2520: 2508: 2408: 2331: 1752:Moon landing mission, so former astronauts 968:, and a T-41 instructor pilot. Through the 434:. She earned a Master of Science degree in 347:, Collins was the first woman to pilot the 7556: 7542: 5476: 5462: 5261: 5247: 5068: 5054: 4711: 4489:"Women in Space Science Award Celebration" 4221: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3851: 3587:"Cosmonaut Kondakova Named to STS-84 Crew" 3089: 3054: 3052: 2434:"1990 Astronaut Candidates Selected" 2375: 2373: 2371: 2369: 2252:Women in Space Science Award in 2006, the 1766:United States women's national soccer team 33: 3771: 3769: 3767: 3765: 3763: 3633: 3631: 3575: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3435: 2070:. Since it would take a month to inspect 1075: 543:in Ireland in the mid-1800s, settling in 8297:National Aviation Hall of Fame inductees 8282:Military personnel from New York (state) 5011:. Chicago, Illinois: Heinemann Library. 4814:"Honorary Degrees at Webster University" 4552:. Veterans of Foreign Wars. 2 March 2022 4222:Mosbrucker, Kristen (11 November 2016). 3375: 2927: 2925: 2893:"OTS salutes heritage with T-41 display" 2628: 2195: 2142: 2062:. An inspection of the RSB actuators on 2025: 1995:, where the SSMEs were refurbished, the 1904:was assigned as the mission's pilot and 1859: 1842:on 7 January 2000, and appeared on the 1725: 1665:The STS-93 mission was not routine. The 1609: 1453: 1329:attended the launch on 3 February 1995. 1250: 1179:Land survival training was conducted at 1141: 1079: 896: 798:, Collins set her sights on becoming an 776:Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape 722: 622:Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps 368:Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps 18:American astronaut and pilot (born 1956) 8367:U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School alumni 8332:United States Air Force Academy faculty 5424:List of astronauts by year of selection 4924: 4838: 4789: 4662: 4345: 4147: 4132: 4120: 4108: 4038: 4026: 4014: 3951: 3376:Pearlman, Robert Z. (10 October 2009). 3136: 3049: 2990: 2891:Wright, Kimberly L. (29 October 2010). 2713: 2366: 8204: 4954:Shayler, David; Moule, Ian A. (2006). 4712:Leinfelder, Andrea (10 January 2020). 4693:. Lone Star Flight Museum. 2 July 2020 4620:"Home – National Women's Hall of Fame" 4467:"2006 National Space Trophy Recipient" 4305:. Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex 3918: 3760: 3628: 3432: 3101:"Eileen Collins on what's ailing NASA" 2931: 2890: 2599: 2301:Syracuse Hancock International Airport 816:Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II 7537: 7354: 7026: 6531: 5856: 5687: 5496: 5457: 5242: 5049: 4367: 4300: 4194: 3554: 3098: 2922: 2631:"Astronaut visits Holy Family School" 2570: 1896:The STS-114 mission involved docking 1090:National Air and Space Administration 1049:General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon 675:revealed that although she had 20/20 673:Hancock Field Air National Guard Base 534: 328:(born 19 November 1956) is a retired 167:NASA Exceptional Public Service Medal 8382:Women in the United States Air Force 8135:Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex 7565:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame 4956:Women in Space – Following Valentina 4571:O'Connor, Kate (15 September 2022). 4550:"VFW Recognizes Col. Eileen Collins" 3306: 3249: 3213: 2427: 2276:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame 2202:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame 2191: 1607:of the White House on 5 March 1998. 1577:Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility 1462:Space Station is visible during the 1029:de Havilland Canada UV-18 Twin Otter 620:, which she chose because it had an 3968:. NASA. 4 July 2013. Archived from 3307:Carr, Jeffrey (28 September 1989). 2991:Carroll, Jennifer (14 March 2007). 2714:Johnson, Kimberly (29 March 2022). 2600:Caidin, Martin (12 February 1961). 2259:Public Outreach Award in 2007, the 2174:2016 Republican National Convention 2149:2016 Republican National Convention 1657:in 1978, and had helped deploy the 1332:A series of thruster burns brought 1070: 874:. She also flew the "coral run" to 686: 13: 8337:United States Air Force astronauts 5093:← NASA Astronaut Group 13 → 5000: 4839:Herbert, Geoff (18 October 2021). 3250:Carr, Jeffrey (8 September 1989). 2932:Fisher, Cassidy (31 August 2021). 2104:The STS-114 mission continued, as 1649:(IUS) that would deploy the AXAF. 638:for her basic training. Women had 343:. A former flight instructor and 14: 8398: 8257:American women flight instructors 5636:Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias 5034: 4600:. National Aeronautic Association 4598:"Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy" 3919:Garcia, Mark (11 February 2005). 3137:Richter, Paul (17 January 1998). 2234:NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal 2218:Defense Meritorious Service Medal 1889:when she was assigned to command 1420:at the conclusion of his stay on 988:in space systems management from 970:Air Force Institute of Technology 529:Eileen Marie Collins was born in 314:United States invasion of Grenada 157:NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal 135:Defense Meritorious Service Medal 8342:United States Air Force colonels 8317:Space Shuttle program astronauts 8267:Corning Community College alumni 8232:American people of Irish descent 8189: 8177: 8165: 5079: 4882: 4860: 4832: 4806: 4783: 4761: 4735: 4705: 4683: 4656: 4644:. National Aviation Hall of Fame 4638:"Enshrinee Eileen Marie Collins" 4630: 4612: 4590: 4564: 4542: 4506: 4481: 4459: 4437: 4412: 4387: 4368:Foust, Jeff (11 November 2016). 4361: 4339: 4317: 4294: 4268: 4242: 4215: 4188: 3557:"In Step With... Eileen Collins" 3499: 2571:Adams, Frank S. (25 July 1943). 2295:An astronomical observatory—the 1815:Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment 1057:McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II 939:Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal 812:McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II 272: 267: 262: 257: 152:NASA Distinguished Service Medal 8277:Knights of the Legion of Honour 6706:Harriet Williams Russell Strong 4983:USAF Test Pilot School (1994). 4424:American Academy of Achievement 4346:Pavlich, Katie (20 July 2016). 4165: 4032: 3912: 3704: 3548: 3493: 3369: 3300: 3214:Carr, Jeffrey (17 April 1989). 3207: 3130: 3062:. Harvard University. July 1999 2984: 2884: 2861: 2824: 2762: 2674: 2622: 2593: 2325: 2320:Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy 2265:Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy 2246:American Academy of Achievement 1868:crew on their way to launch pad 1817:(SAREX) to talk to children on 1408:. This mission would dock with 1255:At the pilot's station onboard 954:United States Air Force Academy 657:Elmira Corning Regional Airport 362:, where she graduated with a 8262:Aviators from New York (state) 6385:Ernestine Louise Potowski Rose 4663:Granath, Bob (20 April 2013). 4230:. San Antonio Business Journal 3555:Brady, James (12 March 2006). 2629:Kosmicki, Joe (15 June 2022). 2564: 2526: 2462: 2316:National University of Ireland 2272:National Aviation Hall of Fame 2238:NASA Exceptional Service Medal 2232:with an oak leaf cluster, the 1926:Multi-Purpose Logistics Module 1835:The Tonight Show with Jay Leno 1730:At the commander's station on 1495:, the Russian space agency. 1355:As well as rendezvousing with 1286:and the Russian space station 1272:The STS-63 mission involved a 1067:. She graduated in June 1990. 683:in mathematics and economics. 481:. She was also the pilot for 475:and the Russian space station 162:NASA Exceptional Service Medal 1: 7355: 7027: 6532: 5857: 5688: 5497: 5486:National Women's Hall of Fame 5429:Astronaut ranks and positions 4918: 4790:Mariani, John (8 July 2011). 4301:White, Glen (20 April 2013). 4176:(Press release). NASA. 06-208 3589:(Press release). NASA. 96-171 2138: 1838:on 16 August. She opened the 1212:Chief of the Astronaut Office 1187:, water survival training at 524: 521:, and from NASA in May 2006. 450:, graduating with class 89B. 8302:People from Elmira, New York 6732:Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis 3862:"Eileen Collins – Recipient" 3559:. parade.com. Archived from 2230:Air Force Commendation Medal 1524:and the overhead windows on 1470:The STS-84 mission used the 1428:, who had spent 169 days on 919:American invasion of Grenada 706:Undergraduate Pilot Training 565:Elmira Correctional Facility 404:American invasion of Grenada 372:Undergraduate Pilot Training 146:Air Force Commendation Medal 7: 8227:American flight instructors 8222:21st-century American women 6915:Martha Coffin Pelham Wright 6319:Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin 4395:"Historical Recipient List" 4325:"2001 Commencement Address" 4195:White, Ed (14 April 2008). 3178:USAF Test Pilot School 1994 3099:Smith, Evan (1 July 2006). 2017:Space Shuttle external tank 1875:International Space Station 1770:1999 FIFA Women's World Cup 1768:, who had recently won the 1542:produced a small bottle of 1302:Vladimir Georgiyevich Titov 1189:Naval Air Station Pensacola 640:different fitness standards 636:Rickenbacker Air Force Base 507:International Space Station 10: 8403: 8322:Stanford University alumni 6471:Katharine Dexter McCormick 5769:Mary "Mother" Harris Jones 3380:. NBC News. Archived from 2812:. SU News. 12 January 2001 2297:Eileen Collins Observatory 2214:Distinguished Flying Cross 2007:(SRBs) were made, and the 1881:, who left to command the 1853: 1849: 1827:Distinguished Flying Cross 1781:Space Shuttle main engines 1568: 1397: 1225: 1033:Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker 461:mission, which involved a 125:Distinguished Flying Cross 8372:Webster University alumni 8247:American women astronauts 8127: 7571: 7462: 7406: 7365: 7361: 7350: 7281: 7220: 7159: 7103: 7037: 7033: 7022: 6953: 6897: 6836: 6765: 6724: 6648: 6542: 6538: 6527: 6403: 6337: 6329:Hannah Greenebaum Solomon 6236: 6100: 5914: 5898: 5867: 5863: 5852: 5808: 5782: 5761: 5740: 5719: 5698: 5694: 5683: 5644: 5618: 5507: 5503: 5492: 5416: 5285: 5238: 5147: 5101: 5088: 4534:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 4494:. Alder Planetarium. 2012 2441:JSC News Release Log 1990 2312:University College Dublin 2222:Meritorious Service Medal 2110:360-degree pitch maneuver 2089:Vehicle Assembly Building 2081:for the STS-114 mission. 2048:booster separation motors 2009:Michoud Assembly Facility 1708:were removed, as was the 1682:Chandra X-ray Observatory 1564: 1393: 1313:Shuttle Training Aircraft 1221: 828:Lockheed C-141 Starlifter 614:Corning Community College 515:360-degree pitch maneuver 491:Chandra X-Ray Observatory 356:Corning Community College 319: 309: 301: 296: 292: 288: 280: 251: 229: 219: 209: 195: 188: 181: 140:Meritorious Service Medal 117: 80:Corning Community College 75: 44: 32: 25: 8292:NASA civilian astronauts 8242:American women academics 6560:Marjory Stoneman Douglas 6370:Wilhelmina Cole Holladay 6143:Charlotte Perkins Gilman 5007:Raum, Elizabeth (2006). 4771:. Salem State University 3490:, pp. 176, 180–181. 3044:Shayler & Moule 2006 2359: 2242:NASA Space Flight Medals 1740:on the first day of the 1181:Fairchild Air Force Base 868:Elmendorf Air Force Base 808:Convair F-106 Delta Dart 645:Fairchild C-123 Provider 493:. In 2005 she commanded 426:instructor pilot at the 8387:Women military aviators 8252:American women aviators 7734:Frank L. Culbertson Jr. 7050:Dorothy Harrison Eustis 6940:Catherine Filene Shouse 6793:Patricia Roberts Harris 6431:Mary Steichen Calderone 6299:Lillian Moller Gilbreth 6168:Frances Wisebart Jacobs 5972:Martha Wright Griffiths 5095:NASA Astronaut Group 14 5091:NASA Astronaut Group 12 4160:Collins & Ward 2021 4097:Collins & Ward 2021 4082:Collins & Ward 2021 4070:Collins & Ward 2021 4003:Collins & Ward 2021 3991:Collins & Ward 2021 3946:Collins & Ward 2021 3907:Collins & Ward 2021 3895:Collins & Ward 2021 3883:Collins & Ward 2021 3846:Collins & Ward 2021 3834:Collins & Ward 2021 3822:Collins & Ward 2021 3810:Collins & Ward 2021 3798:Collins & Ward 2021 3755:Collins & Ward 2021 3738:Collins & Ward 2021 3699:Collins & Ward 2021 3687:Collins & Ward 2021 3675:Collins & Ward 2021 3663:Collins & Ward 2021 3623:Collins & Ward 2021 3611:Collins & Ward 2021 3543:Collins & Ward 2021 3531:Collins & Ward 2021 3488:Collins & Ward 2021 3473:Collins & Ward 2021 3427:Collins & Ward 2021 3415:Collins & Ward 2021 3403:Collins & Ward 2021 3364:Collins & Ward 2021 3352:Collins & Ward 2021 3340:Collins & Ward 2021 3295:Collins & Ward 2021 3283:Collins & Ward 2021 3202:Collins & Ward 2021 3190:Collins & Ward 2021 3166:Collins & Ward 2021 3125:Collins & Ward 2021 3084:Collins & Ward 2021 3029:Collins & Ward 2021 3014:Collins & Ward 2021 2979:Collins & Ward 2021 2967:Collins & Ward 2021 2955:Collins & Ward 2021 2917:Collins & Ward 2021 2856:Collins & Ward 2021 2794:Collins & Ward 2021 2757:Collins & Ward 2021 2742:Collins & Ward 2021 2669:Collins & Ward 2021 2657:Collins & Ward 2021 2602:"Lady Luck Is Co-Pilot" 2559:Collins & Ward 2021 2534:"Girl Scout Astronauts" 2521:Collins & Ward 2021 2509:Collins & Ward 2021 2409:Collins & Ward 2021 2289:Encyclopædia Britannica 2280:Lone Star Flight Museum 1993:Canoga Park, California 1840:New York Stock Exchange 1491:, now the president of 1375:shot, but she only ate 1346:Reaction Control System 1238:NASA Astronaut Group 15 1171:NASA Astronaut Group 13 909:on graduation from the 844:Anderson Air Force Base 785:Randolph Air Force Base 757:mass–energy equivalence 737:Williams Air Force Base 714:Hondo Municipal Airport 697:Lackland Air Force Base 629:United States Air Force 455:NASA Astronaut Group 13 337:United States Air Force 172:NASA Space Flight Medal 6996:Rebecca Talbot Perkins 6491:Eunice Kennedy Shriver 6355:Frances Xavier Cabrini 6269:Elizabeth Hanford Dole 6047:Ellen Swallow Richards 6017:Constance Baker Motley 5667:Elizabeth Bayley Seton 5600:Elizabeth Cady Stanton 4958:. New York: Springer. 4925:Houston, Rick (2013). 4816:. 2020. Archived from 4667:. NASA. Archived from 4327:. SU News. 13 May 2001 3923:. NASA. Archived from 3502:"The Mercury 13 Story" 2995:. Vance Air Force Base 2936:. Vance Air Force Base 2536:. NASA. Archived from 2205: 2151: 2042: 2013:New Orleans, Louisiana 1989:Rockwell International 1869: 1819:amateur radio stations 1745: 1659:Hubble Space Telescope 1655:NASA Astronaut Group 8 1623: 1620:Hillary Rodham Clinton 1601:Hillary Rodham Clinton 1467: 1269: 1162: 1100:, which also included 1088:On 17 April 1989, the 1085: 1076:Selection and training 1005:Edwards Air Force Base 923:82nd Airborne Division 914: 911:USAF Test Pilot School 907:Edwards Air Force Base 836:Hickham Air Force Base 804:USAF Test Pilot School 732: 598:Notre Dame High School 448:USAF Test Pilot School 428:U.S. Air Force Academy 408:82nd Airborne Division 8377:Women in the Iraq War 8272:Harmon Trophy winners 7909:Michael López-Alegría 7809:Richard F. Gordon Jr. 7510:Anna Wessels Williams 7197:Carlotta Walls LaNier 6930:Elisabeth Kübler-Ross 6788:Martha Matilda Harper 6752:Mary Engle Pennington 6590:Frances Oldham Kelsey 6375:Anne Morrow Lindbergh 6128:Jane Cunningham Croly 6057:Katherine Siva Saubel 5952:Marian Wright Edelman 5875:Margaret Bourke-White 5800:Harriet Beecher Stowe 5272:NASA Astronaut Groups 5175:Bernard A. Harris Jr. 4769:"Collins Observatory" 4447:. NASA. 22 March 2006 2573:"A Fighting Georgian" 2454:. 90-006 – via 2199: 2146: 2029: 2005:solid rocket boosters 1920:to the ISS and bring 1863: 1729: 1613: 1520:through portholes on 1457: 1449:Jean-François Clervoy 1254: 1201:auxiliary power units 1145: 1083: 1061:Vought A-7 Corsair II 1037:Cessna A-37 Dragonfly 900: 864:Yokota Air Force Base 856:Kadena Air Force Base 820:Travis Air Force Base 726: 718:Cessna T-41 Mescalero 668:Offutt Air Force Base 661:private pilot license 511:Space Shuttle orbiter 396:Travis Air Force Base 302:Years of service 8237:American test pilots 8140:NASA Astronaut Corps 7814:Frederick D. Gregory 7774:Christopher Ferguson 7207:Mary Harriman Rumsey 7045:St. Katharine Drexel 6889:Mary Burnett Talbert 6884:Blanche Stuart Scott 6869:Mother Marianne Cope 6849:Ruth Fulton Benedict 6808:Mildred Robbins Leet 6506:Angelina Grimké Weld 6380:Maria Goeppert Mayer 6350:Charlotte Anne Bunch 5927:Antoinette Blackwell 5906:Gertrude Belle Elion 5836:Ida B. Wells-Barnett 5605:Helen Brooke Taussig 5595:Margaret Chase Smith 5277:NASA Astronaut Corps 4642:nationalaviation.org 2336:. New York: Arcade. 2077:was substituted for 1690:Palmdale, California 1647:inertial upper stage 1531:s flight deck. The 1216:capsule communicator 1208:Kennedy Space Center 1167:astronaut candidates 1156:Johnson Space Center 1133:Johnson Space Center 943:Altus Air Force Base 852:Clark Air Force Base 745:Vance Air Force Base 382:. After earning her 376:Vance Air Force Base 326:Eileen Marie Collins 224:NASA Group 13 (1990) 49:Eileen Marie Collins 8089:Kathryn C. Thornton 8074:Kathryn D. Sullivan 7989:Charles J. Precourt 7979:Scott E. Parazynski 7939:Bruce McCandless II 7784:C. Gordon Fullerton 7689:Franklin Chang-Díaz 7644:Daniel Brandenstein 7424:Rebecca S. Halstead 7398:Mary Church Terrell 7085:Barbara A. Mikulski 6813:Patsy Takemoto Mink 6798:Stephanie L. Kwolek 6737:Ruth Bader Ginsburg 6711:Emily Howell Warner 6656:Dorothy H. Andersen 6630:Annie Dodge Wauneka 6625:Mary Edwards Walker 6550:Faye Glenn Abdellah 6481:Edith Nourse Rogers 6461:Shirley Ann Jackson 6436:Mary Ann Shadd Cary 6314:Sandra Day O'Connor 6294:Matilda Joslyn Gage 5890:Florence B. Seibert 5727:Carrie Chapman Catt 5657:Juliette Gordon Low 5540:Elizabeth Blackwell 5535:Mary McLeod Bethune 5190:William S. McArthur 5165:Michael R. Clifford 5148:Mission specialists 5139:Terrence W. Wilcutt 5134:Richard A. Searfoss 5129:Charles J. Precourt 4671:on 19 February 2016 4228:www.bizjournals.com 4162:, pp. 276–279. 4135:, pp. 252–253. 4123:, pp. 249–250. 4111:, pp. 250–251. 4099:, pp. 268–270. 4084:, pp. 264–266. 4072:, pp. 260–261. 4042:(7 February 2003). 4029:, pp. 245–246. 4005:, pp. 262–263. 3993:, pp. 258–260. 3948:, pp. 241–231. 3909:, pp. 240–241. 3897:, pp. 238–240. 3885:, pp. 236–237. 3848:, pp. 228–233. 3779:. NASA. 4 July 2013 3757:, pp. 210–214. 3740:, pp. 208–209. 3701:, pp. 205–206. 3641:. NASA. 4 July 2013 3625:, pp. 184–186. 3613:, pp. 181–183. 3545:, pp. 169–171. 3533:, pp. 162–164. 3475:, pp. 150–153. 3451:. NASA. 4 July 2013 3429:, pp. 140–145. 3417:, pp. 137–140. 3405:, pp. 131–133. 3366:, pp. 127–128. 3297:, pp. 124–126. 3192:, pp. 107–114. 2431:(17 January 1990). 1538:mission commander, 1412:, leave astronaut 1304:, who had lived on 1094:mission specialists 1045:Beechcraft King Air 982:Stanford University 978:operations research 927:Pope Air Force Base 770:. She received her 764:Northrop T-38 Talon 618:Syracuse University 606:Elmira Free Academy 513:through a complete 440:Stanford University 436:operations research 412:Pope Air Force Base 360:Syracuse University 98:Stanford University 89:Syracuse University 8069:Thomas P. Stafford 7874:Thomas David Jones 7859:Jeffrey A. Hoffman 7383:Barbara Rose Johns 7334:Flossie Wong-Staal 7309:Nicole Malachowski 7238:Lorraine Hansberry 7182:Marcia Greenberger 7136:Mary Joseph Rogers 7075:Coretta Scott King 7060:Abby Kelley Foster 6976:Susan Kelly-Dreiss 6864:Rita Rossi Colwell 6640:Frances E. Willard 6476:Rozanne L. Ridgway 6426:Lydia Moss Bradley 6411:Madeleine Albright 6304:Nannerl O. Keohane 6274:Anne Dallas Dudley 6203:Betty Bone Schiess 6173:Susette La Flesche 6158:Zora Neale Hurston 6153:Helen LaKelly Hunt 6077:Madam C. J. Walker 5992:Mary Putnam Jacobi 5942:Jacqueline Cochran 5922:Ethel Percy Andrus 5790:Barbara McClintock 5119:William G. Gregory 4626:on 3 October 2002. 4514:"Symposium Awards" 4049:The New York Times 3719:on 28 October 2009 3563:on 17 October 2006 3321:on 11 October 2006 3264:on 11 October 2006 3228:on 11 October 2006 2607:The New York Times 2578:The New York Times 2206: 2182:NASA administrator 2152: 2043: 2001:Brigham City, Utah 1960:to coordinate the 1870: 1829:for this mission. 1746: 1624: 1622:on 29 October 1998 1468: 1270: 1163: 1086: 990:Webster University 915: 892:Reforger exercises 789:San Antonio, Texas 733: 647:and a flight in a 624:(AFROTC) program. 586:God Is My Co-Pilot 580:Fate Is the Hunter 574:Air Force Magazine 444:Webster University 107:Webster University 8153: 8152: 8024:Rusty Schweickart 7974:Bryan D. O'Connor 7824:John M. Grunsfeld 7739:Walter Cunningham 7531: 7530: 7527: 7526: 7523: 7522: 7485:Kimberlé Crenshaw 7480:Elouise P. Cobell 7444:Katherine Johnson 7414:Octavia E. Butler 7346: 7345: 7342: 7341: 7253:Clare Boothe Luce 7065:Helen Murray Free 7018: 7017: 7014: 7013: 6879:Patricia A. Locke 6844:Florence E. Allen 6828:Sheila E. Widnall 6773:Linda G. Alvarado 6757:Mercy Otis Warren 6716:Victoria Woodhull 6701:Barbara Holdridge 6696:Beatrice A. Hicks 6671:Lydia Maria Child 6585:Leontine T. Kelly 6523: 6522: 6519: 6518: 6345:Louisa May Alcott 6259:Mary Breckinridge 6138:Geraldine Ferraro 6123:Annie Jump Cannon 5848: 5847: 5844: 5843: 5679: 5678: 5675: 5674: 5585:Eleanor Roosevelt 5484:Inductees to the 5451: 5450: 5447: 5446: 5018:978-1-4034-6943-4 4965:978-1-85233-744-5 4902:on 1 October 2022 4846:The Post-Standard 4722:Houston Chronicle 3972:on 15 August 2017 3168:, pp. 96–99. 3143:Los Angeles Times 3127:, pp. 91–92. 3086:, pp. 87–90. 3031:, pp. 78–83. 3016:, pp. 72–77. 2981:, pp. 59–62. 2969:, pp. 52–59. 2957:, pp. 48–52. 2919:, pp. 36–38. 2858:, pp. 34–36. 2796:, pp. 32–33. 2759:, pp. 24–30. 2744:, pp. 24–27. 2671:, pp. 21–24. 2659:, pp. 15–20. 2343:978-1-950994-05-2 2308:Doctor of Science 2263:in 2020, and the 2257:Douglas S. Morrow 2250:Adler Planetarium 2192:Awards and honors 1721:center of gravity 1267:Mir Space Station 974:Master of Science 945:in Oklahoma, and 693:second lieutenant 649:Cessna T-37 Tweet 323: 322: 8394: 8287:Mir crew members 8194: 8193: 8192: 8182: 8181: 8180: 8170: 8169: 8168: 8161: 8094:Richard H. Truly 8054:William Shepherd 8044:Brewster H. Shaw 8019:Harrison Schmitt 7894:Joseph P. Kerwin 7879:Janet L. Kavandi 7854:David C. Hilmers 7834:Henry Hartsfield 7799:Robert L. Gibson 7754:Bonnie J. Dunbar 7724:Richard O. Covey 7694:Kevin P. Chilton 7684:Roger B. Chaffee 7664:Robert D. Cabana 7558: 7551: 7544: 7535: 7534: 7363: 7362: 7352: 7351: 7319:Louise Slaughter 7243:Victoria Jackson 7202:Philippa Marrack 7187:Barbara Iglewski 7095:Kathrine Switzer 7090:Donna E. Shalala 7035: 7034: 7024: 7023: 6981:Allie B. Latimer 6961:Louise Bourgeois 6935:Judith L. Pipher 6742:Katharine Graham 6686:Marian de Forest 6605:Anna Howard Shaw 6555:Emma Smith DeVoe 6540: 6539: 6529: 6528: 6441:Joan Ganz Cooney 6365:Oveta Culp Hobby 6360:Mary A. Hallaren 6223:Sarah Winnemucca 6092:Gloria Yerkovich 6087:Rosalyn S. Yalow 6042:Jeannette Rankin 6022:Georgia O'Keeffe 5977:Fannie Lou Hamer 5937:Shirley Chisholm 5885:Billie Jean King 5865: 5864: 5854: 5853: 5816:Gwendolyn Brooks 5696: 5695: 5685: 5684: 5525:Susan B. Anthony 5505: 5504: 5494: 5493: 5478: 5471: 5464: 5455: 5454: 5263: 5256: 5249: 5240: 5239: 5210:Donald A. Thomas 5155:Daniel W. Bursch 5124:James D. Halsell 5109:Kenneth Cockrell 5083: 5070: 5063: 5056: 5047: 5046: 5041:Official website 5030: 4996: 4977: 4948: 4936:978-08032-3534-2 4912: 4911: 4909: 4907: 4901: 4894: 4886: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4864: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4836: 4830: 4829: 4827: 4825: 4810: 4804: 4803: 4801: 4799: 4787: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4765: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4754: 4745:. Archived from 4739: 4733: 4732: 4730: 4728: 4709: 4703: 4702: 4700: 4698: 4687: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4660: 4654: 4653: 4651: 4649: 4634: 4628: 4627: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4594: 4588: 4587: 4585: 4583: 4568: 4562: 4561: 4559: 4557: 4546: 4540: 4539: 4533: 4525: 4523: 4521: 4510: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4499: 4493: 4485: 4479: 4478: 4476: 4474: 4463: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4452: 4441: 4435: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4416: 4410: 4409: 4407: 4405: 4399: 4391: 4385: 4384: 4382: 4380: 4365: 4359: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4343: 4337: 4336: 4334: 4332: 4321: 4315: 4314: 4312: 4310: 4298: 4292: 4291: 4289: 4287: 4272: 4266: 4265: 4263: 4261: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4237: 4235: 4219: 4213: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4201:www.afspc.af.mil 4192: 4186: 4185: 4183: 4181: 4169: 4163: 4157: 4151: 4145: 4136: 4130: 4124: 4118: 4112: 4106: 4100: 4094: 4085: 4079: 4073: 4067: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4036: 4030: 4024: 4018: 4012: 4006: 4000: 3994: 3988: 3982: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3962: 3949: 3943: 3937: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3927:on 10 April 2005 3916: 3910: 3904: 3898: 3892: 3886: 3880: 3874: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3864:. Military Times 3858: 3849: 3843: 3837: 3831: 3825: 3819: 3813: 3807: 3801: 3795: 3789: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3773: 3758: 3752: 3741: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3724: 3708: 3702: 3696: 3690: 3684: 3678: 3672: 3666: 3660: 3651: 3650: 3648: 3646: 3635: 3626: 3620: 3614: 3608: 3599: 3598: 3596: 3594: 3582: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3552: 3546: 3540: 3534: 3528: 3522: 3521: 3519: 3517: 3508:. Archived from 3506:The Ninety-Nines 3497: 3491: 3485: 3476: 3470: 3461: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3445: 3430: 3424: 3418: 3412: 3406: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3391: 3389: 3373: 3367: 3361: 3355: 3349: 3343: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3320: 3313: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3280: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3263: 3256: 3247: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3227: 3220: 3211: 3205: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3181: 3175: 3169: 3163: 3154: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3134: 3128: 3122: 3116: 3115: 3113: 3111: 3096: 3087: 3081: 3072: 3071: 3069: 3067: 3056: 3047: 3041: 3032: 3026: 3017: 3011: 3005: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2988: 2982: 2976: 2970: 2964: 2958: 2952: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2941: 2929: 2920: 2914: 2905: 2904: 2902: 2900: 2895:. Air University 2888: 2882: 2881: 2879: 2877: 2865: 2859: 2853: 2844: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2828: 2822: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2806: 2797: 2791: 2782: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2766: 2760: 2754: 2745: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2711: 2702: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2686:A&S Magazine 2678: 2672: 2666: 2660: 2654: 2648: 2647: 2645: 2643: 2636:Catholic Courier 2626: 2620: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2597: 2591: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2568: 2562: 2556: 2550: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2530: 2524: 2518: 2512: 2511:, pp. 8–11. 2506: 2495: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2466: 2460: 2459: 2445: 2436: 2425: 2412: 2411:, pp. 2, 7. 2406: 2400: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2385: 2377: 2355: 2254:Space Foundation 2226:oak leaf cluster 2147:Speaking at the 2118: 2030:Floating in the 1906:Stephen Robinson 1778: 1733: 1718: 1668: 1540:Vasily Tsibliyev 1530: 1486: 1473: 1441:Charles Precourt 1426:Yelena Kondakova 1279: 1274:space rendezvous 1258: 1071:Astronaut career 947:aerial refueling 687:Air Force career 681:Bachelor of Arts 538: 531:Elmira, New York 468: 463:space rendezvous 392:C-141 Starlifter 364:Bachelor of Arts 276: 271: 266: 261: 253:Mission insignia 68:Elmira, New York 64: 63: 60:19 November 1956 59: 57: 37: 23: 22: 8402: 8401: 8397: 8396: 8395: 8393: 8392: 8391: 8202: 8201: 8200: 8190: 8188: 8178: 8176: 8166: 8164: 8156: 8154: 8149: 8123: 7839:Frederick Hauck 7709:Michael Collins 7669:Scott Carpenter 7649:Roy Bridges Jr. 7584:Joseph P. Allen 7567: 7562: 7532: 7519: 7515:Serena Williams 7458: 7402: 7388:Henrietta Lacks 7378:Barbara Hillary 7373:Aretha Franklin 7357: 7338: 7324:Sonia Sotomayor 7277: 7216: 7167:Tenley Albright 7155: 7141:Bernice Sandler 7099: 7080:Lilly Ledbetter 7055:Loretta C. Ford 7029: 7010: 6949: 6945:Henrietta Szold 6905:Eleanor K. Baum 6893: 6859:Hillary Clinton 6832: 6783:Gertrude Ederle 6778:Donna de Varona 6761: 6720: 6666:Rosalynn Carter 6644: 6620:Wilma L. Vaught 6575:Crystal Eastman 6570:Sylvia A. Earle 6534: 6515: 6511:Chien-Shiung Wu 6486:Felice Schwartz 6456:Julia Ward Howe 6399: 6390:Maria Tallchief 6333: 6289:Margaret Fuller 6284:Ella Fitzgerald 6279:Mary Baker Eddy 6232: 6188:Antonia Novello 6163:Anne Hutchinson 6096: 6037:Esther Peterson 6012:Wilma Mankiller 5932:Emily Blackwell 5910: 5894: 5859: 5840: 5804: 5778: 5757: 5736: 5732:Frances Perkins 5715: 5711:Sojourner Truth 5706:Margaret Sanger 5690: 5671: 5640: 5614: 5560:Emily Dickinson 5520:Marian Anderson 5499: 5488: 5482: 5452: 5443: 5412: 5281: 5267: 5234: 5195:James H. Newman 5185:Thomas D. Jones 5170:Nancy J. Currie 5143: 5097: 5084: 5074: 5037: 5019: 5006: 5003: 5001:Further reading 4966: 4937: 4921: 4916: 4915: 4905: 4903: 4899: 4892: 4888: 4887: 4883: 4873: 4871: 4866: 4865: 4861: 4851: 4849: 4837: 4833: 4823: 4821: 4820:on 13 July 2017 4812: 4811: 4807: 4797: 4795: 4788: 4784: 4774: 4772: 4767: 4766: 4762: 4752: 4750: 4741: 4740: 4736: 4726: 4724: 4710: 4706: 4696: 4694: 4689: 4688: 4684: 4674: 4672: 4661: 4657: 4647: 4645: 4636: 4635: 4631: 4618: 4617: 4613: 4603: 4601: 4596: 4595: 4591: 4581: 4579: 4569: 4565: 4555: 4553: 4548: 4547: 4543: 4527: 4526: 4519: 4517: 4512: 4511: 4507: 4497: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4486: 4482: 4472: 4470: 4465: 4464: 4460: 4450: 4448: 4443: 4442: 4438: 4428: 4426: 4418: 4417: 4413: 4403: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4392: 4388: 4378: 4376: 4366: 4362: 4352: 4350: 4344: 4340: 4330: 4328: 4323: 4322: 4318: 4308: 4306: 4299: 4295: 4285: 4283: 4280:www.govinfo.gov 4274: 4273: 4269: 4259: 4257: 4248: 4247: 4243: 4233: 4231: 4220: 4216: 4206: 4204: 4193: 4189: 4179: 4177: 4170: 4166: 4158: 4154: 4146: 4139: 4131: 4127: 4119: 4115: 4107: 4103: 4095: 4088: 4080: 4076: 4068: 4064: 4054: 4052: 4037: 4033: 4025: 4021: 4013: 4009: 4001: 3997: 3989: 3985: 3975: 3973: 3964: 3963: 3952: 3944: 3940: 3930: 3928: 3917: 3913: 3905: 3901: 3893: 3889: 3881: 3877: 3867: 3865: 3860: 3859: 3852: 3844: 3840: 3832: 3828: 3820: 3816: 3808: 3804: 3796: 3792: 3782: 3780: 3775: 3774: 3761: 3753: 3744: 3736: 3732: 3722: 3720: 3709: 3705: 3697: 3693: 3685: 3681: 3673: 3669: 3661: 3654: 3644: 3642: 3637: 3636: 3629: 3621: 3617: 3609: 3602: 3592: 3590: 3583: 3576: 3566: 3564: 3553: 3549: 3541: 3537: 3529: 3525: 3515: 3513: 3498: 3494: 3486: 3479: 3471: 3464: 3454: 3452: 3447: 3446: 3433: 3425: 3421: 3413: 3409: 3401: 3397: 3387: 3385: 3374: 3370: 3362: 3358: 3350: 3346: 3338: 3334: 3324: 3322: 3318: 3311: 3305: 3301: 3293: 3289: 3281: 3277: 3267: 3265: 3261: 3254: 3248: 3241: 3231: 3229: 3225: 3218: 3212: 3208: 3200: 3196: 3188: 3184: 3176: 3172: 3164: 3157: 3147: 3145: 3135: 3131: 3123: 3119: 3109: 3107: 3097: 3090: 3082: 3075: 3065: 3063: 3058: 3057: 3050: 3042: 3035: 3027: 3020: 3012: 3008: 2998: 2996: 2989: 2985: 2977: 2973: 2965: 2961: 2953: 2949: 2939: 2937: 2930: 2923: 2915: 2908: 2898: 2896: 2889: 2885: 2875: 2873: 2866: 2862: 2854: 2847: 2837: 2835: 2830: 2829: 2825: 2815: 2813: 2808: 2807: 2800: 2792: 2785: 2775: 2773: 2772:. Warbirds News 2768: 2767: 2763: 2755: 2748: 2740: 2736: 2726: 2724: 2712: 2705: 2695: 2693: 2680: 2679: 2675: 2667: 2663: 2655: 2651: 2641: 2639: 2627: 2623: 2613: 2611: 2598: 2594: 2584: 2582: 2569: 2565: 2557: 2553: 2543: 2541: 2540:on 21 July 2011 2532: 2531: 2527: 2519: 2515: 2507: 2498: 2488: 2486: 2468: 2467: 2463: 2426: 2415: 2407: 2403: 2393: 2391: 2383: 2379: 2378: 2367: 2362: 2344: 2328: 2210:Legion of Merit 2194: 2178:Cleveland, Ohio 2141: 2116: 1971:Charles Camarda 1858: 1852: 1776: 1762:Michael Collins 1731: 1716: 1666: 1618:and First Lady 1614:With President 1573: 1567: 1555:Comet Hale–Bopp 1528: 1484: 1471: 1402: 1396: 1365:Spacehab module 1336:into line with 1277: 1256: 1230: 1224: 1152:Ellington Field 1150:trainer jet at 1102:Carolyn Huntoon 1078: 1073: 998:Delta Air Lines 984:in 1986, and a 972:, she earned a 876:Kwajalein Atoll 753:Albert Einstein 689: 602:Hurricane Agnes 553:Pacific Theater 527: 466: 297:Military career 254: 244: 240: 236: 212: 177: 130:Legion of Merit 105: 96: 87: 71: 65: 61: 55: 53: 52: 51: 50: 40: 39:Collins in 1998 28: 19: 12: 11: 5: 8400: 8390: 8389: 8384: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8339: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8199: 8198: 8186: 8174: 8151: 8150: 8148: 8147: 8142: 8137: 8131: 8129: 8125: 8124: 8122: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8084:Norman Thagard 8081: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8051: 8046: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8026: 8021: 8016: 8011: 8006: 8001: 7996: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7959:Story Musgrave 7956: 7954:Edgar Mitchell 7951: 7946: 7944:James McDivitt 7941: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7904:Steven Lindsey 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7836: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7816: 7811: 7806: 7801: 7796: 7791: 7786: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7759:Donn F. Eisele 7756: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7729:Robert Crippen 7726: 7721: 7716: 7711: 7706: 7704:Eileen Collins 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7639:Vance D. Brand 7636: 7631: 7626: 7624:Charles Bolden 7621: 7619:Karol J. Bobko 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7599:Neil Armstrong 7596: 7594:William Anders 7591: 7586: 7581: 7575: 7573: 7569: 7568: 7561: 7560: 7553: 7546: 7538: 7529: 7528: 7525: 7524: 7521: 7520: 7518: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7495:Judith Plaskow 7492: 7490:Peggy McIntosh 7487: 7482: 7477: 7472: 7466: 7464: 7460: 7459: 7457: 7456: 7454:Michelle Obama 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7431: 7426: 7421: 7416: 7410: 7408: 7404: 7403: 7401: 7400: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7369: 7367: 7359: 7358: 7348: 7347: 7344: 7343: 7340: 7339: 7337: 7336: 7331: 7329:Laurie Spiegel 7326: 7321: 7316: 7311: 7306: 7301: 7296: 7291: 7285: 7283: 7279: 7278: 7276: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7248:Sherry Lansing 7245: 7240: 7235: 7233:Temple Grandin 7230: 7224: 7222: 7218: 7217: 7215: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7192:Jean Kilbourne 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7163: 7161: 7157: 7156: 7154: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7116:Ina May Gaskin 7113: 7107: 7105: 7101: 7100: 7098: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7070:Billie Holiday 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7041: 7039: 7031: 7030: 7020: 7019: 7016: 7015: 7012: 7011: 7009: 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6957: 6955: 6951: 6950: 6948: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6901: 6899: 6895: 6894: 6892: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6840: 6838: 6834: 6833: 6831: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6803:Dorothea Lange 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6769: 6767: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6734: 6728: 6726: 6722: 6721: 6719: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6676:Bessie Coleman 6673: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6652: 6650: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6622: 6617: 6612: 6607: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6546: 6544: 6536: 6535: 6525: 6524: 6521: 6520: 6517: 6516: 6514: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6407: 6405: 6401: 6400: 6398: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6341: 6339: 6335: 6334: 6332: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6264:Eileen Collins 6261: 6256: 6254:Amelia Bloomer 6251: 6246: 6244:Virginia Apgar 6240: 6238: 6234: 6233: 6231: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6213:Nettie Stevens 6210: 6208:Muriel Siebert 6205: 6200: 6195: 6193:Linda Richards 6190: 6185: 6183:Maria Mitchell 6180: 6178:Louise McManus 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6133:Catherine East 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6104: 6102: 6098: 6097: 6095: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6082:Faye Wattleton 6079: 6074: 6069: 6067:Helen Stephens 6064: 6062:Gloria Steinem 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5987:Dolores Huerta 5984: 5982:Dorothy Height 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5918: 5916: 5912: 5911: 5909: 5908: 5902: 5900: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5880:Barbara Jordan 5877: 5871: 5869: 5861: 5860: 5850: 5849: 5846: 5845: 5842: 5841: 5839: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5812: 5810: 5806: 5805: 5803: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5786: 5784: 5780: 5779: 5777: 5776: 5771: 5765: 5763: 5759: 5758: 5756: 5755: 5750: 5748:Belva Lockwood 5744: 5742: 5738: 5737: 5735: 5734: 5729: 5723: 5721: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5713: 5708: 5702: 5700: 5692: 5691: 5681: 5680: 5677: 5676: 5673: 5672: 5670: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5654: 5648: 5646: 5642: 5641: 5639: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5622: 5620: 5616: 5615: 5613: 5612: 5610:Harriet Tubman 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5590:Florence Sabin 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5570:Alice Hamilton 5567: 5565:Amelia Earhart 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5511: 5509: 5501: 5500: 5490: 5489: 5481: 5480: 5473: 5466: 5458: 5449: 5448: 5445: 5444: 5442: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5420: 5418: 5414: 5413: 5411: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5289: 5287: 5283: 5282: 5280: 5279: 5274: 5266: 5265: 5258: 5251: 5243: 5236: 5235: 5233: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5215:Janice E. Voss 5212: 5207: 5205:Ronald M. Sega 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5151: 5149: 5145: 5144: 5142: 5141: 5136: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5114:Eileen Collins 5111: 5105: 5103: 5099: 5098: 5089: 5086: 5085: 5073: 5072: 5065: 5058: 5050: 5044: 5043: 5036: 5035:External links 5033: 5032: 5031: 5017: 5009:Eileen Collins 5002: 4999: 4998: 4997: 4979: 4978: 4964: 4950: 4949: 4935: 4920: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4881: 4870:. 13 June 2006 4859: 4831: 4805: 4782: 4760: 4749:on 14 May 2013 4734: 4704: 4682: 4655: 4629: 4611: 4589: 4563: 4541: 4505: 4480: 4458: 4436: 4411: 4386: 4360: 4338: 4316: 4293: 4267: 4241: 4214: 4187: 4164: 4152: 4150:, p. 254. 4137: 4125: 4113: 4101: 4086: 4074: 4062: 4031: 4019: 4017:, p. 247. 4007: 3995: 3983: 3950: 3938: 3911: 3899: 3887: 3875: 3850: 3838: 3836:, p. 234. 3826: 3824:, p. 226. 3814: 3812:, p. 221. 3802: 3800:, p. 218. 3790: 3759: 3742: 3730: 3703: 3691: 3689:, p. 197. 3679: 3677:, p. 195. 3667: 3665:, p. 192. 3652: 3627: 3615: 3600: 3574: 3547: 3535: 3523: 3492: 3477: 3462: 3431: 3419: 3407: 3395: 3384:on 14 May 2021 3368: 3356: 3354:, p. 123. 3344: 3342:, p. 118. 3332: 3299: 3287: 3285:, p. 134. 3275: 3239: 3206: 3204:, p. 130. 3194: 3182: 3180:, p. 241. 3170: 3155: 3129: 3117: 3088: 3073: 3048: 3046:, p. 273. 3033: 3018: 3006: 2983: 2971: 2959: 2947: 2921: 2906: 2883: 2860: 2845: 2823: 2798: 2783: 2761: 2746: 2734: 2703: 2673: 2661: 2649: 2621: 2592: 2563: 2551: 2525: 2513: 2496: 2478:. April 2016. 2461: 2448:Houston, Texas 2413: 2401: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2358: 2357: 2356: 2342: 2327: 2324: 2193: 2190: 2140: 2137: 2035:service module 1981:Space Shuttle 1966:Wendy Lawrence 1949:Space Shuttle 1914:Soichi Noguchi 1893:in late 2001. 1854:Main article: 1851: 1848: 1754:Neil Armstrong 1641:. Originally, 1639:Michel Tognini 1605:Roosevelt Room 1569:Main article: 1566: 1563: 1418:Jerry Linenger 1398:Main article: 1395: 1392: 1226:Main article: 1223: 1220: 1110:Charles Bolden 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1065:Goodyear Blimp 1025:C-130 Hercules 986:Master of Arts 966:linear algebra 931:North Carolina 903:F-4 Phantom II 884:Johnston Atoll 749:Enid, Oklahoma 688: 685: 526: 523: 499:Space Shuttle 416:North Carolina 354:A graduate of 321: 320: 317: 316: 311: 307: 306: 303: 299: 298: 294: 293: 290: 289: 286: 285: 282: 278: 277: 255: 252: 249: 248: 231: 227: 226: 221: 217: 216: 213: 210: 207: 206: 197: 193: 192: 190:NASA astronaut 186: 185: 179: 178: 176: 175: 169: 164: 159: 154: 149: 143: 137: 132: 127: 121: 119: 115: 114: 77: 73: 72: 66: 48: 46: 42: 41: 38: 30: 29: 27:Eileen Collins 26: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8399: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8348: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8212:Living people 8210: 8209: 8207: 8197: 8187: 8185: 8175: 8173: 8163: 8162: 8159: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8132: 8130: 8126: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8114:Alfred Worden 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8104:Jim Wetherbee 8102: 8100: 8099:Paul J. Weitz 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8059:Loren Shriver 8057: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8015: 8014:Wally Schirra 8012: 8010: 8009:Jerry L. Ross 8007: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7999:Kent Rominger 7997: 7995: 7992: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7984:William Pogue 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7964:George Nelson 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7949:Pamela Melroy 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7934:Ken Mattingly 7932: 7930: 7929:Sandra Magnus 7927: 7925: 7924:Shannon Lucid 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7899:David Leestma 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7844:Steven Hawley 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7794:Edward Gibson 7792: 7790: 7789:Owen Garriott 7787: 7785: 7782: 7780: 7779:Michael Foale 7777: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7719:Gordon Cooper 7717: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7699:Michael Coats 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7614:Guion Bluford 7612: 7610: 7609:John E. Blaha 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7576: 7574: 7570: 7566: 7559: 7554: 7552: 7547: 7545: 7540: 7539: 7536: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7470:Patricia Bath 7468: 7467: 7465: 7461: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7440: 7439:Emily Howland 7437: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7411: 7409: 7405: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7393:Toni Morrison 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7370: 7368: 7364: 7360: 7353: 7349: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7289:Gloria Allred 7287: 7286: 7284: 7280: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7258:Aimee Mullins 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7228:Matilda Cuomo 7226: 7225: 7223: 7219: 7213: 7212:Eleanor Smeal 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7177:Martha Graham 7175: 7173: 7172:Nancy Brinker 7170: 7168: 7165: 7164: 7162: 7158: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7146:Anna Schwartz 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7108: 7106: 7102: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7042: 7040: 7036: 7032: 7025: 7021: 7007: 7006:Kate Stoneman 7004: 7002: 7001:Susan Solomon 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6958: 6956: 6952: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6925:Winona LaDuke 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6902: 6900: 6896: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6854:Betty Bumpers 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6841: 6839: 6835: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6823:Anne Sullivan 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6770: 6768: 6764: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6729: 6727: 6723: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6691:Althea Gibson 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6653: 6651: 6647: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6547: 6545: 6541: 6537: 6530: 6526: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6501:Florence Wald 6499: 6497: 6496:Beverly Sills 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6466:Shannon Lucid 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6408: 6406: 6402: 6396: 6395:Edith Wharton 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6342: 6340: 6336: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6324:Pat Schroeder 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6241: 6239: 6235: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6218:Oprah Winfrey 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6198:Wilma Rudolph 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6118:Myra Bradwell 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6105: 6103: 6099: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6052:Elaine Roulet 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5962:Betty Friedan 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5919: 5917: 5913: 5907: 5904: 5903: 5901: 5897: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5872: 5870: 5866: 5862: 5855: 5851: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5813: 5811: 5807: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5787: 5785: 5781: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5766: 5764: 5760: 5754: 5753:Lucretia Mott 5751: 5749: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5739: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5718: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5703: 5701: 5697: 5693: 5686: 5682: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5649: 5647: 5643: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5631:Margaret Mead 5629: 5627: 5626:Abigail Adams 5624: 5623: 5621: 5617: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5550:Rachel Carson 5548: 5546: 5545:Pearl S. Buck 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5506: 5502: 5495: 5491: 5487: 5479: 5474: 5472: 5467: 5465: 5460: 5459: 5456: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5421: 5419: 5415: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5290: 5288: 5284: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5257: 5252: 5250: 5245: 5244: 5241: 5237: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5152: 5150: 5146: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5106: 5104: 5100: 5096: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5078: 5071: 5066: 5064: 5059: 5057: 5052: 5051: 5048: 5042: 5039: 5038: 5028: 5024: 5020: 5014: 5010: 5005: 5004: 4994: 4990: 4986: 4981: 4980: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4961: 4957: 4952: 4951: 4946: 4942: 4938: 4932: 4928: 4923: 4922: 4898: 4891: 4885: 4869: 4863: 4848: 4847: 4842: 4835: 4819: 4815: 4809: 4793: 4786: 4770: 4764: 4748: 4744: 4738: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4708: 4692: 4686: 4670: 4666: 4659: 4643: 4639: 4633: 4625: 4621: 4615: 4599: 4593: 4578: 4574: 4567: 4551: 4545: 4537: 4531: 4515: 4509: 4490: 4484: 4468: 4462: 4446: 4440: 4425: 4421: 4415: 4396: 4390: 4375: 4371: 4364: 4349: 4342: 4326: 4320: 4304: 4297: 4281: 4277: 4271: 4256:. 2 June 2011 4255: 4251: 4245: 4229: 4225: 4218: 4202: 4198: 4191: 4175: 4168: 4161: 4156: 4149: 4144: 4142: 4134: 4129: 4122: 4117: 4110: 4105: 4098: 4093: 4091: 4083: 4078: 4071: 4066: 4051: 4050: 4045: 4041: 4035: 4028: 4023: 4016: 4011: 4004: 3999: 3992: 3987: 3971: 3967: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3947: 3942: 3926: 3922: 3915: 3908: 3903: 3896: 3891: 3884: 3879: 3863: 3857: 3855: 3847: 3842: 3835: 3830: 3823: 3818: 3811: 3806: 3799: 3794: 3778: 3772: 3770: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3756: 3751: 3749: 3747: 3739: 3734: 3718: 3714: 3707: 3700: 3695: 3688: 3683: 3676: 3671: 3664: 3659: 3657: 3640: 3634: 3632: 3624: 3619: 3612: 3607: 3605: 3588: 3581: 3579: 3562: 3558: 3551: 3544: 3539: 3532: 3527: 3512:on 7 May 2009 3511: 3507: 3503: 3500:Funk, Wally. 3496: 3489: 3484: 3482: 3474: 3469: 3467: 3450: 3444: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3436: 3428: 3423: 3416: 3411: 3404: 3399: 3383: 3379: 3372: 3365: 3360: 3353: 3348: 3341: 3336: 3317: 3310: 3303: 3296: 3291: 3284: 3279: 3260: 3253: 3246: 3244: 3224: 3217: 3210: 3203: 3198: 3191: 3186: 3179: 3174: 3167: 3162: 3160: 3144: 3140: 3133: 3126: 3121: 3106: 3105:Texas Monthly 3102: 3095: 3093: 3085: 3080: 3078: 3061: 3055: 3053: 3045: 3040: 3038: 3030: 3025: 3023: 3015: 3010: 2994: 2987: 2980: 2975: 2968: 2963: 2956: 2951: 2935: 2928: 2926: 2918: 2913: 2911: 2894: 2887: 2871: 2864: 2857: 2852: 2850: 2833: 2827: 2811: 2805: 2803: 2795: 2790: 2788: 2771: 2765: 2758: 2753: 2751: 2743: 2738: 2723: 2722: 2717: 2710: 2708: 2692:. Spring 2022 2691: 2687: 2683: 2677: 2670: 2665: 2658: 2653: 2638: 2637: 2632: 2625: 2610:. p. 133 2609: 2608: 2603: 2596: 2580: 2579: 2574: 2567: 2561:, p. 22. 2560: 2555: 2539: 2535: 2529: 2522: 2517: 2510: 2505: 2503: 2501: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2476: 2475:Irish America 2471: 2465: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2444: 2442: 2435: 2430: 2429:Carr, Jeffrey 2424: 2422: 2420: 2418: 2410: 2405: 2389: 2382: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2370: 2365: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2339: 2335: 2330: 2329: 2323: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2293: 2291: 2290: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2274:in 2009, the 2273: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2261:Harmon Trophy 2258: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2203: 2198: 2189: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2166: 2164: 2159: 2157: 2150: 2145: 2136: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2123: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2102: 2100: 2095: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2080: 2076: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2040: 2036: 2034: 2028: 2024: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1984: 1978: 1974: 1972: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1954: 1952: 1946: 1942: 1937: 1934: 1933:Joint Airlock 1932: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1908:and Japanese 1907: 1903: 1899: 1894: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1847: 1845: 1844:Oprah Winfrey 1841: 1837: 1836: 1830: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1811: 1807: 1805: 1804: 1799: 1795: 1790: 1784: 1782: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1743: 1739: 1738: 1732:Space Shuttle 1728: 1724: 1722: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1674: 1673: 1667:Space Shuttle 1663: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1651:Steven Hawley 1648: 1644: 1643:Winston Scott 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1627:Jeffrey Ashby 1621: 1617: 1612: 1608: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1587:and director 1586: 1585:Jim Wetherbee 1582: 1578: 1572: 1562: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1535: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1514: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1494: 1490: 1489:Valeri Ryumin 1483: 1479: 1478: 1472:Space Shuttle 1465: 1461: 1456: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1436: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1414:Michael Foale 1411: 1407: 1401: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1353: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1330: 1328: 1324: 1323: 1318: 1314: 1309: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1285: 1284: 1278:Space Shuttle 1275: 1268: 1264: 1263: 1257:Space Shuttle 1253: 1249: 1247: 1243: 1242:Pamela Melroy 1239: 1235: 1229: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1204: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1172: 1168: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1144: 1140: 1138: 1137:Space Shuttle 1134: 1129: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1082: 1068: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1017:Lockheed TR-1 1014: 1009: 1006: 1001: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 950: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 912: 908: 904: 899: 895: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 866:in Japan and 865: 861: 857: 853: 849: 845: 841: 837: 833: 829: 826:, to fly the 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 792: 790: 786: 782: 777: 773: 769: 765: 760: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 730: 725: 721: 719: 715: 711: 707: 702: 698: 694: 684: 682: 678: 677:visual acuity 674: 669: 664: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 641: 637: 632: 630: 627:In 1975, the 625: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 590: 588: 587: 582: 581: 576: 575: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 537: 532: 522: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 502: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 479: 474: 473: 467:Space Shuttle 464: 460: 456: 451: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 409: 405: 402:. During the 401: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 352: 350: 349:Space Shuttle 346: 342: 338: 334: 331: 327: 318: 315: 312: 308: 304: 300: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 270: 265: 260: 256: 250: 247: 243: 239: 235: 232: 228: 225: 222: 218: 214: 211:Time in space 208: 205: 201: 198: 194: 191: 187: 184: 180: 173: 170: 168: 165: 163: 160: 158: 155: 153: 150: 147: 144: 141: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 126: 123: 122: 120: 116: 112: 108: 103: 99: 94: 90: 85: 81: 78: 74: 69: 62:(age 67) 47: 43: 36: 31: 24: 21: 16: 8079:Jack Swigert 8064:Deke Slayton 8049:Alan Shepard 8004:Stuart Roosa 7869:Marsha Ivins 7769:Ronald Evans 7749:Charles Duke 7703: 7659:James Buchli 7654:Curtis Brown 7634:Ken Bowersox 7629:Frank Borman 7589:Scott Altman 7500:Loretta Ross 7475:Ruby Bridges 7419:Judy Chicago 7314:Rose O'Neill 7294:Angela Davis 7273:Alice Waters 7268:Janet Rowley 7263:Carol Mutter 7151:Emma Willard 7131:Nancy Pelosi 7126:Kate Millett 6991:Ruth Patrick 6986:Emma Lazarus 6971:Karen DeCrow 6966:Mildred Cohn 6661:Lucille Ball 6635:Eudora Welty 6610:Sophia Smith 6595:Kate Mullany 6451:Sarah Grimké 6416:Maya Angelou 6263: 6249:Ann Bancroft 6228:Fanny Wright 6148:Grace Hopper 6072:Lillian Wald 6027:Annie Oakley 6007:Mary Mahoney 5831:Mary Risteau 5821:Willa Cather 5774:Bessie Smith 5652:Dorothea Dix 5580:Helen Keller 5555:Mary Cassatt 5530:Clara Barton 5225:Peter Wisoff 5220:Carl E. Walz 5113: 5008: 4984: 4955: 4926: 4904:. Retrieved 4897:the original 4884: 4872:. Retrieved 4862: 4850:. Retrieved 4844: 4834: 4822:. Retrieved 4818:the original 4808: 4796:. Retrieved 4785: 4773:. Retrieved 4763: 4751:. Retrieved 4747:the original 4737: 4725:. Retrieved 4717: 4707: 4695:. Retrieved 4685: 4673:. Retrieved 4669:the original 4658: 4646:. Retrieved 4641: 4632: 4624:the original 4614: 4604:16 September 4602:. Retrieved 4592: 4582:16 September 4580:. Retrieved 4576: 4566: 4554:. Retrieved 4544: 4518:. Retrieved 4508: 4496:. Retrieved 4483: 4471:. Retrieved 4461: 4449:. Retrieved 4439: 4427:. Retrieved 4414: 4402:. Retrieved 4389: 4377:. Retrieved 4363: 4351:. Retrieved 4341: 4329:. Retrieved 4319: 4307:. Retrieved 4296: 4284:. Retrieved 4279: 4270: 4258:. Retrieved 4254:www.nasa.gov 4253: 4244: 4232:. Retrieved 4227: 4217: 4205:. Retrieved 4200: 4190: 4178:. Retrieved 4167: 4155: 4148:Houston 2013 4133:Houston 2013 4128: 4121:Houston 2013 4116: 4109:Houston 2013 4104: 4077: 4065: 4053:. Retrieved 4047: 4040:Yardley, Jim 4034: 4027:Houston 2013 4022: 4015:Houston 2013 4010: 3998: 3986: 3974:. Retrieved 3970:the original 3941: 3929:. Retrieved 3925:the original 3914: 3902: 3890: 3878: 3866:. Retrieved 3841: 3829: 3817: 3805: 3793: 3781:. Retrieved 3733: 3721:. Retrieved 3717:the original 3706: 3694: 3682: 3670: 3643:. Retrieved 3618: 3591:. Retrieved 3565:. Retrieved 3561:the original 3550: 3538: 3526: 3514:. Retrieved 3510:the original 3505: 3495: 3453:. Retrieved 3422: 3410: 3398: 3386:. Retrieved 3382:the original 3371: 3359: 3347: 3335: 3323:. Retrieved 3316:the original 3302: 3290: 3278: 3266:. Retrieved 3259:the original 3230:. Retrieved 3223:the original 3209: 3197: 3185: 3173: 3146:. Retrieved 3142: 3132: 3120: 3108:. Retrieved 3104: 3064:. Retrieved 3009: 2997:. Retrieved 2986: 2974: 2962: 2950: 2938:. Retrieved 2897:. Retrieved 2886: 2874:. Retrieved 2863: 2836:. Retrieved 2826: 2814:. Retrieved 2774:. Retrieved 2764: 2737: 2725:. Retrieved 2719: 2694:. Retrieved 2685: 2676: 2664: 2652: 2640:. Retrieved 2634: 2624: 2612:. Retrieved 2605: 2595: 2583:. Retrieved 2581:. p. 40 2576: 2566: 2554: 2542:. Retrieved 2538:the original 2528: 2523:, p. 2. 2516: 2487:. Retrieved 2473: 2464: 2440: 2404: 2392:. Retrieved 2333: 2326:Publications 2294: 2287: 2269: 2207: 2186:Donald Trump 2167: 2160: 2153: 2131: 2127: 2126: 2121: 2113: 2105: 2103: 2098: 2093: 2084: 2083: 2078: 2074: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2044: 2038: 2032: 2020: 2015:, where the 2003:, where the 1982: 1975: 1950: 1944: 1943:and then on 1940: 1938: 1930: 1922:Expedition 6 1918:Expedition 7 1897: 1895: 1879:Rick Husband 1871: 1833: 1831: 1822: 1809: 1808: 1802: 1797: 1793: 1788: 1785: 1773: 1747: 1736: 1713: 1694: 1685: 1671: 1664: 1631:Cady Coleman 1625: 1616:Bill Clinton 1589:George Abbey 1574: 1558: 1550: 1533: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1515: 1510: 1506: 1505:docked with 1502: 1498: 1497: 1481: 1476: 1469: 1459: 1434: 1429: 1421: 1409: 1403: 1389: 1384: 1363:carried the 1360: 1356: 1354: 1349: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1331: 1320: 1310: 1305: 1293: 1287: 1282: 1276:between the 1271: 1261: 1231: 1205: 1169:(ASCANs) in 1164: 1146:Near a NASA 1130: 1087: 1010: 1002: 951: 916: 913:in June 1990 888:Midway Atoll 832:Diego Garcia 793: 761: 734: 710:heart murmur 690: 665: 633: 626: 610:US Air Force 594:eighth grade 591: 584: 578: 572: 561:stenographer 545:Pennsylvania 528: 500: 476: 471: 452: 353: 325: 324: 310:Battles/wars 183:Space career 182: 20: 15: 8217:1956 births 8196:Spaceflight 8039:Rhea Seddon 8034:David Scott 8029:Dick Scobee 7969:Ellen Ochoa 7914:Jack Lousma 7889:Scott Kelly 7864:James Irwin 7849:Susan Helms 7819:Gus Grissom 7744:Brian Duffy 7714:Pete Conrad 7679:Gene Cernan 7674:Gerald Carr 7579:Buzz Aldrin 7505:Sandy Stone 7449:Indra Nooyi 7121:Julie Krone 6920:Swanee Hunt 6910:Julia Child 6874:Maya Y. Lin 6747:Bertha Holt 6681:Dorothy Day 6615:Ida Tarbell 6580:Jeanne Holm 6309:Maggie Kuhn 6108:Bella Abzug 5997:Mae Jemison 5967:Ella Grasso 5957:Alice Evans 5947:Ruth Colvin 5575:Helen Hayes 5515:Jane Addams 5200:Ellen Ochoa 5180:Susan Helms 5160:Leroy Chiao 4852:13 November 2240:, and four 2056:speed brake 1999:factory in 1973:was added. 1958:Andy Thomas 1758:Buzz Aldrin 1710:robotic arm 1633:and French 1544:Courvoisier 1447:astronaut, 1369:airsickness 1246:Susan Still 1176:Susan Helms 1126:Mary Cleave 1118:Rhea Seddon 1114:Hoot Gibson 917:During the 880:Wake Island 772:pilot wings 768:jet trainer 569:Girl Scouts 541:County Cork 384:pilot wings 8206:Categories 8119:John Young 7994:Sally Ride 7919:Jim Lovell 7884:Mark Kelly 7829:Fred Haise 7804:John Glenn 7304:Jane Fonda 7299:Sarah Deer 7111:Betty Ford 6600:Janet Reno 6446:Gerty Cori 6421:Nellie Bly 6113:Ella Baker 6032:Rosa Parks 5826:Sally Ride 5795:Lucy Stone 5662:Alice Paul 5230:David Wolf 4919:References 4824:16 October 4794:. Syracuse 4753:17 January 4675:8 February 4648:1 February 4520:31 January 4379:1 December 3567:8 February 3388:23 January 3066:19 January 2999:19 January 2899:19 January 2876:19 January 2776:21 January 2614:13 January 2585:13 January 2456:Wikisource 2394:15 January 2390:. May 2006 2352:1281565457 2139:Later life 2041:was docked 1983:Challenger 1977:Rick Hauck 1962:spacewalks 1912:astronaut 1706:fuel cells 1637:astronaut 1597:first lady 1581:Bob Cabana 1327:Mercury 13 1218:(CAPCOM). 1185:Washington 1122:Jerry Ross 1106:John Young 1041:Learjet 24 824:California 781:T-38 Talon 720:aircraft. 653:Cessna 150 525:Early life 400:California 388:T-38 Talon 345:test pilot 284:1 May 2006 281:Retirement 215:36d 7h 11m 56:1956-11-19 8184:Biography 8145:Astronaut 7764:Joe Engle 7604:Alan Bean 7434:Joy Harjo 7356:2020–2029 7028:2010–2019 6818:Sacagawea 6565:Mary Dyer 6533:2000–2009 6002:Mary Lyon 5858:1990–1999 5689:1980–1989 5498:1970–1979 4993:156912804 4974:218506039 4945:839395927 4718:chron.com 4374:SpaceNews 3966:"STS-114" 2696:1 October 2642:12 August 2484:0884-4240 2322:in 2022. 2267:in 2022. 2132:Discovery 2128:Discovery 2122:Discovery 2114:Discovery 2106:Discovery 2094:Discovery 2085:Discovery 2075:Discovery 2072:Atlantis, 2068:Endeavour 2064:Discovery 2060:actuators 2039:Discovery 1991:plant in 1945:Discovery 1902:Jim Kelly 1887:Dom Gorie 1864:With the 1803:Endeavour 1800:and 1798:Discovery 1796:, but in 1750:Apollo 11 1603:, in the 1385:Discovery 1381:Coca-Cola 1373:Phenergan 1361:Discovery 1334:Discovery 1317:Star City 1298:cosmonaut 1283:Discovery 1262:Discovery 1154:near the 1098:Don Puddy 1021:P-3 Orion 800:astronaut 727:With her 596:and then 472:Discovery 333:astronaut 305:1978–2005 220:Selection 76:Education 8172:Aviation 8109:Ed White 7429:Mia Hamm 5027:58478502 4530:cite web 4404:24 April 4286:4 August 4260:4 August 4234:4 August 4207:4 August 3777:"STS-93" 3639:"STS-84" 3449:"STS-63" 3110:3 August 2305:honorary 2224:with an 2099:Columbia 2079:Atlantis 2021:Columbia 1985:disaster 1953:disaster 1951:Columbia 1941:Atlantis 1898:Atlantis 1823:Columbia 1810:Columbia 1794:Columbia 1789:Columbia 1774:Columbia 1737:Columbia 1714:Columbia 1704:for the 1698:hydrogen 1686:Columbia 1678:Titan IV 1672:Columbia 1559:Atlantis 1526:Atlantis 1503:Atlantis 1499:Atlantis 1477:Atlantis 1063:and the 962:calculus 958:Colorado 901:With an 557:surveyor 503:disaster 501:Columbia 465:between 432:Colorado 380:Oklahoma 230:Missions 8158:Portals 8128:Related 7572:Members 5417:Related 4874:17 July 4798:20 July 4775:21 June 4556:21 June 4498:21 June 4473:13 June 4451:21 June 4429:17 July 4353:17 July 4309:16 July 4180:22 June 3976:22 June 3931:17 July 3868:21 June 3783:21 June 3723:20 June 3645:20 June 3593:20 June 3516:12 June 3455:18 June 3325:16 June 3268:16 June 3232:16 June 3148:16 June 2940:16 June 2727:15 June 2544:20 June 2489:14 June 2314:of the 2284:Houston 2204:in 2013 2156:colonel 1997:Thiokol 1891:STS-114 1883:STS-107 1866:STS-114 1856:STS-114 1850:STS-114 1744:mission 1493:Energia 1466:mission 1197:orbiter 1193:Florida 1160:Houston 935:Grenada 860:Okinawa 796:captain 741:Arizona 563:at the 551:in the 549:US Navy 519:colonel 495:STS-114 420:Grenada 341:colonel 339:(USAF) 246:STS-114 200:Colonel 5286:Groups 5102:Pilots 5025: 5015: 4991: 4972: 4962: 4943: 4933: 4906:4 June 4727:20 May 4697:20 May 4400:. NASA 4331:14 May 4055:13 May 2838:14 May 2816:14 May 2721:Flying 2482: 2443: 2350: 2340: 2228:, the 2216:, the 2212:, the 2184:under 2058:(RSB) 2052:rudder 2033:Zvezda 1742:STS-93 1702:oxygen 1593:STS-93 1571:STS-93 1565:STS-93 1547:cognac 1464:STS-84 1406:STS-84 1400:STS-84 1394:STS-84 1234:STS-63 1228:STS-63 1222:STS-63 1031:, the 1027:, the 872:Alaska 850:, and 840:Hawaii 794:Now a 487:STS-93 483:STS-84 459:STS-63 242:STS-93 238:STS-84 234:STS-63 118:Awards 70:, U.S. 4900:(PDF) 4893:(PDF) 4577:AVweb 4492:(PDF) 4398:(PDF) 3319:(PDF) 3312:(PDF) 3262:(PDF) 3255:(PDF) 3226:(PDF) 3219:(PDF) 2384:(PDF) 2360:Notes 2117:' 1931:Quest 1777:' 1734: 1717:' 1669: 1536:EO-23 1529:' 1485:' 1474: 1437:EO-17 1322:Buran 1280: 1259: 1053:F-111 1013:major 980:from 925:from 701:Texas 469: 438:from 410:from 7463:2024 7407:2022 7366:2020 7282:2019 7221:2017 7160:2015 7104:2013 7038:2011 6954:2009 6898:2007 6837:2005 6766:2003 6725:2002 6649:2001 6543:2000 6404:1998 6338:1996 6237:1995 6101:1994 5915:1993 5899:1991 5868:1990 5809:1988 5783:1986 5762:1984 5741:1983 5720:1982 5699:1981 5645:1979 5619:1976 5508:1973 5023:OCLC 5013:ISBN 4989:OCLC 4970:OCLC 4960:ISBN 4941:OCLC 4931:ISBN 4908:2023 4876:2022 4854:2021 4826:2018 4800:2020 4777:2022 4755:2007 4729:2021 4699:2021 4677:2016 4650:2023 4606:2022 4584:2022 4558:2022 4536:link 4522:2012 4500:2022 4475:2022 4453:2022 4431:2022 4406:2021 4381:2016 4355:2022 4333:2019 4311:2022 4288:2023 4262:2023 4236:2023 4209:2023 4182:2022 4057:2021 3978:2022 3933:2022 3870:2022 3785:2022 3725:2022 3647:2022 3595:2022 3569:2007 3518:2009 3457:2022 3390:2023 3327:2022 3270:2022 3234:2022 3150:2022 3112:2023 3068:2023 3001:2023 2942:2022 2901:2023 2878:2023 2840:2019 2818:2019 2778:2023 2729:2022 2698:2022 2644:2022 2616:2023 2587:2023 2546:2013 2491:2022 2480:ISSN 2452:NASA 2396:2021 2388:NASA 2348:OCLC 2338:ISBN 2163:USAA 1964:and 1910:JAXA 1760:and 1700:and 1635:CNES 1377:Chex 1244:and 1148:T-38 1124:and 1051:and 1023:and 994:golf 964:and 886:and 848:Guam 834:via 766:, a 729:T-38 583:and 424:T-41 335:and 330:NASA 204:USAF 196:Rank 45:Born 2282:in 2236:, 2176:in 2170:CNN 2011:in 1551:Mir 1534:Mir 1522:Mir 1518:Mir 1511:Mir 1507:Mir 1482:Mir 1460:Mir 1445:ESA 1435:Mir 1430:Mir 1422:Mir 1410:Mir 1357:Mir 1350:Mir 1342:Mir 1338:Mir 1306:Mir 1294:Mir 1289:Mir 1191:in 1183:in 1158:in 1139:!" 976:in 956:in 933:to 929:in 905:at 870:in 858:on 846:on 838:in 822:in 814:or 787:in 755:'s 747:in 739:in 716:in 699:in 655:at 536:née 478:Mir 430:in 418:to 414:in 394:at 374:at 174:(4) 148:(2) 142:(2) 8208:: 5408:24 5403:23 5398:22 5393:21 5388:20 5383:19 5378:18 5373:17 5368:16 5363:15 5358:14 5353:13 5348:12 5343:11 5338:10 5021:. 4968:. 4939:. 4843:. 4720:. 4716:. 4640:. 4575:. 4532:}} 4528:{{ 4422:. 4372:. 4278:. 4252:. 4226:. 4199:. 4140:^ 4089:^ 4046:. 3953:^ 3853:^ 3762:^ 3745:^ 3655:^ 3630:^ 3603:^ 3577:^ 3504:. 3480:^ 3465:^ 3434:^ 3242:^ 3158:^ 3141:. 3103:. 3091:^ 3076:^ 3051:^ 3036:^ 3021:^ 2924:^ 2909:^ 2848:^ 2801:^ 2786:^ 2749:^ 2718:. 2706:^ 2688:. 2684:. 2633:. 2604:. 2575:. 2499:^ 2472:. 2450:: 2446:. 2437:. 2416:^ 2386:. 2368:^ 2346:. 2220:, 2188:. 1756:, 1719:s 1692:. 1599:, 1451:. 1359:, 1352:. 1300:, 1240:: 1203:. 1128:. 1120:, 1116:, 1112:, 1108:, 1059:, 1055:, 1047:, 1043:, 1039:, 1035:, 1019:, 894:. 882:, 878:, 862:, 842:, 810:, 663:. 589:. 398:, 378:, 202:, 111:MS 102:MS 93:BA 84:AA 58:) 8160:: 7557:e 7550:t 7543:v 5477:e 5470:t 5463:v 5333:9 5328:8 5323:7 5318:6 5313:5 5308:4 5303:3 5298:2 5293:1 5262:e 5255:t 5248:v 5069:e 5062:t 5055:v 5029:. 4995:. 4976:. 4947:. 4910:. 4878:. 4856:. 4828:. 4802:. 4779:. 4757:. 4731:. 4701:. 4679:. 4652:. 4608:. 4586:. 4560:. 4538:) 4524:. 4502:. 4477:. 4455:. 4433:. 4408:. 4383:. 4357:. 4335:. 4313:. 4290:. 4264:. 4238:. 4211:. 4184:. 4059:. 3980:. 3935:. 3872:. 3787:. 3727:. 3649:. 3597:. 3571:. 3520:. 3459:. 3392:. 3329:. 3272:. 3236:. 3152:. 3114:. 3070:. 3003:. 2944:. 2903:. 2880:. 2842:. 2820:. 2780:. 2731:. 2700:. 2646:. 2618:. 2589:. 2548:. 2493:. 2458:. 2398:. 2354:. 2054:/ 113:) 109:( 104:) 100:( 95:) 91:( 86:) 82:( 54:(

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index