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1146:(JSC) with the second of five groups of hopefuls for a week of interviews, examinations, medical evaluations and orientation, commencing on 2 October 1989. Once again, her eyesight proved a problem; she failed the depth perception test, but the doctor allowed her to take an alternative test, which she passed. On 16 January 1990, she saw a note on the message board asking her to call Duane Ross. When she called she was put through to John Young, who informed her that she had been selected. When he asked if she had any questions, she asked if she was to be a pilot or a mission specialist. Young laughed and told her: "Pilot! Yes, pilot. You will be the first woman to pilot the
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1221:(KSC) in Florida as an astronaut support person (ASP), also known as a Cape Crusader. This was another routine assignment that astronauts did to familiarize them with the Space Shuttle's systems and procedures. ASPs handled the checkout of the systems in the hangar and on the launch pad. As members of the KSC closeout crew, they strapped the astronauts into their seats before takeoff, and helped them out again after landing. Collins spent sixteen months as an ASP, assisting with ten Space Shuttle missions between February 1992 and June 1993. After so long away from JSC, her skills in the simulator had become rusty, so the
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1888:(ISS) as well as the Space Shuttle. She relinquished this position on being assigned to command STS-93. After returning from that mission, she became the chief information officer at the Astronaut Office. In that role she automated the scheduling system, an initiative of the new Chief of the Astronaut Office, Charles Precourt. She then became the chief of the Space Shuttle Branch, remaining in this role until November 2000, when she left on maternity leave. On returning to work in January 2001, she became the chief of the Safety Branch, replacing
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642:(USAF) changed its policy to allow women to train as pilots, although only for non-combat missions. The first ten women chosen for pilot training in September 1976 were all serving Air Force officers with four-year college degrees. They graduated in September 1977. Collins noted their names and followed their progress and subsequent careers with interest, hoping to soon follow in their footsteps.
817:. Entry required at least one year as an aircraft commander in an operational aircraft and over one thousand hours flying time. She had already accumulated over a thousand hours flying as an instructor at Vance, but the USAF does not consider a trainer an operational aircraft, unlike a fighter, bomber, reconnaissance, transport or refueling aircraft. Collins requested an assignment flying the
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the USAF Test Pilot School were rejected on these grounds. When she applied for a third time in 1989, she had been in the USAF for longer than the ten-year maximum allowed before entering the USAF Test Pilot School, but this time a waiver was granted. In the meantime, Captain
Jacquelyn Susan "Jackie" Parker became the first woman to graduate from the USAF Test Pilot School in 1988.
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1491:, which had a reputation as the least troublesome orbiter, and for this mission carried two Spacehab modules instead of just one. In preparation for the mission, Collins completed one hundred hours of Russian language classroom training, but she usually relied on Precourt translating for her. The crew traveled to Star City to study
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was not damaged, video of the launch revealed that the problem with debris striking the Space
Shuttle had not been resolved. Ten pieces of foam had broken off the external tank during lift off, including a 92-by-279-by-17-centimeter (36.3 in × 110 in × 6.7 in) piece that was
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touched down after a mission lasting 13 days, 21 hours and 33 minutes. This time, Collins was unhappy with her landing, feeling that it was slightly fast. She was relieved to find that the tires were in good shape. Although she had felt well in space on this mission, her feet hurt as the bones moved
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She expressed reservations about the studs that held the Space
Shuttle in place on the launch pad. The bolts holding them were supposed to be ruptured by explosive charges on lift off, but not all had done so on every mission; nuts had failed to rupture on one in five missions. If too many failed to
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lifted off at last on 23 July. One of the main engine controllers failed during takeoff, and one of the main engines cut out prematurely. As a result, the orbit reached was 7 miles (11 km) lower than intended but the situation could have been much worse; the engine problem was caused by a pin
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upon graduation from
Syracuse, to become a computer systems engineer. Before this could occur, the Syracuse AFROTC commander, Colonel Vernon Hagen, informed her that the USAF was now accepting up to ten women from AFROTC programs for pilot training; the first ten women graduated on 2 September 1977.
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Because the AXAF weighed 30,852 pounds (13,994 kg) and the IUS weighed 12,930 pounds (5,860 kg), this was the heaviest payload ever launched by the Space
Shuttle. To save weight, the crew was reduced to five members, and consumables to those needed for a five-day mission. This made it the
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had been a fellow assistant professor at the Air Force
Academy and graduate student at Stanford. Pilot ASCANs honed their skills flying the T-38, an aircraft with which Collins was already familiar. They attended classes on the Space Shuttle and its systems, and trained in a low-fidelity simulator.
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s belly to ensure there was no threat from debris-related damage to the orbiter upon reentry. It was a difficult maneuver, but one that she had practised many times in the simulator. She then flew under the ISS and docked with it. The inspections revealed some concerns: gap fillers were protruding
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in
February 2003. STS-114 now became NASA's "return to flight" mission to test safety improvements in addition to resupplying the ISS. The crew remained the same, but instead of the ISS expedition crew members, STS-114 would take three additional mission specialists to handle the greater workload:
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in
California, but USAF rules required officers to pay back their tuition by serving with the duty assignment that provided the funding. This meant that she was supposed to remain at the Air Force Academy for three years. She hoped that this rule would be waived, but her first two applications for
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to operate the robotic arm, which was equipped with specialized cameras so that the Space
Shuttle could be surveyed for damage. STS-114 was already scheduled to be the next mission flown, but it is unlikely that it would have remained so if Collins and Kelly had not already flown a mission as
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eventually reached the proper orbit and the
Chandra X-ray Observatory was successfully deployed. For the remainder of the mission, the crew used the Southwest Ultraviolet Imaging System (SWUIS) to take ultraviolet images of the Earth, the Moon, Mercury, Venus and Jupiter. Collins used the
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had to be used because its airlock was inside the crew compartment instead of the payload bay. This meant that it was the only orbiter that could accommodate the AXAF and the IUS. Initially scheduled for January 1999, the launch date was delayed due to an investigation of a failed USAF
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There was no fuel leak; the sensor was faulty. The launch was rescheduled for two days later. It then had to be postponed a further day due to bad weather. On the third launch attempt, there was a seven-minute delay due to a communications problem, but
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that had come loose and struck the nozzle, rupturing three liquid hydrogen coolant tubes. Had the controller not been faulty, it might have pumped more liquid oxygen and caused the engine to explode. After the flight, faults were found not just in
2034:, Collins replied: "I would have to say no. I want to fly again. I am very mentally ready to go fly again." Then pausing, noting that she wanted to be precise, she added "I am mentally ready to go fly again when the shuttle is cleared to fly."
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from men, but Collins was granted permission to do the morning run with the men, who had to run 12 furlongs (2.4 km) in less than 12 minutes. The training included classes on the history of the USAF and the theory of flight, a ride in a
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in 1990 and service it in 1997. Collins was apprehensive that Hawley would attempt to command the mission. Her fears proved groundless; Hawley offered wisdom and advice but made no attempt to interfere with Collins's command of the mission.
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between some of the tiles, which could cause them to pop out during re-entry. The three spacewalks and the transfer of supplies were carried out without problems. On the third spacewalk, Robinson rode the robotic arm to the underside of
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training. The top-ranking members of the class went on to fly single-pilot aircraft, while the others became co-pilots. Most single-pilot aircraft were combat aircraft, which woman could not yet fly, so she stayed on at Vance as a
2169:. On 1 May 2006, NASA announced that she was leaving NASA to spend more time with her family and pursue other interests. She had flown 6,751 hours in thirty different types of aircraft, and logged over 872 hours in space flights.
1247:. This was the first time a woman had piloted the Space Shuttle. Delays in the flight schedule meant that she was the second-last member of her class to fly in space. Two more women pilots joined the Astronaut Corps in 1995 with
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was publicly announced on 17 January 1990. The group called themselves the "Hairballs". She reported for duty at JSC on 16 July 1990, after graduating from the USAF Test Pilot School. She knew one other member of the group well:
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at KSC to swap the external tank. This pushed the launch date back to 13 July. Then the same problem recurred, causing another postponement. The mission was launched on 26 July 2005, after a flawless countdown. Although
1107:. Because she had not yet graduated from the USAF Test Pilot School, the USAF submitted her application as one for a mission specialist. NASA convened a selection board chaired by the Director of Flight Crew Operations,
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and to replace a gyroscope that had failed. Collins was concerned about the proposed workload; she knew from her experience on STS-93 that a hectic schedule and pressure to get things done often resulted in mistakes.
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for the Flight Screening Program (FSP) In August 1978. She was one of four women in the class; there were ten men. The purpose of the FSP was to screen out unsuitable pilots before sending them to the more expensive
1359:(RCS) thrusters, which sprang leaks. Some thrusters could be shut off, but one thruster, R1U, was required for rendezvous, and could not. Eventually all its contents leaked into space and it was safe to approach
1103:(NASA) announced that it was selecting another class of astronauts. Collins's application was one of nearly 2,500 received by the 30 June 1989 deadline, of which 1,945 met the minimum requirements for pilots or
1939:, which would then be filled with experiments, equipment that was no longer required, and garbage to be returned to Earth. Three spacewalks were scheduled, to install an external stowage platform on the ISS
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After the STS-84 mission, Collins had become the head of the Vehicle Systems Branch of the Astronaut Office, which she had renamed the Spacecraft Systems Branch, as the scope of its work now included the
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without incident the next day. This time, Collins felt no nausea. Crew members were exchanged, and 7,300 pounds (3,300 kg) of equipment, spare parts, experiments and supplies were transferred to
528:
so astronauts aboard the ISS could take photographs of its belly to ensure there was no threat from debris-related damage during re-entry. She retired from the USAF in January 2005 with the rank of
1206:, and parachute training at Vance Air Force Base. Although their training was intended to take a year, the ASCANs were moved on to operational roles after nine months. Collins was assigned to
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in her right eye, she had only 20/25 in the left, leading to her being rejected. Hagen told her to rest her eyes, and ordered a re-test, which she passed. She graduated later that year with a
2176:, a San Antonio banking and insurance company, from 2006 to 2021. She remained involved with NASA, as chair of the Space Operations Committee of the NASA Advisory Council from 2007 to 2011.
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s hazardous gas detection system highlighted an unacceptably high hydrogen concentration in the aft engine compartment, and the countdown was halted less than half a second before the
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at the conclusion of this training, and was selected to become a flight instructor. There remained some training before she could join an operational unit. First, there was a week of
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Collins became the second woman pilot to attend when she joined Class 89B in June 1989. She was also the most senior member of the class, as she was the only one with the rank of
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in June 2002 led to the entire Space Shuttle fleet being grounded again until October, pushing the launch date back to 6 March 2003. The fleet was then grounded again after the
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1794:(SSMEs) were to have started. Had they been started, they would have had to be replaced, which would have taken a month, pushing it into the scheduled maintenance window.
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on the first three days, taking dinner for the first time on the fourth. Her responsibilities included running the Fluids Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus-1 (FGBA-1), a
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was supposed to land at KSC on 8 August but unfavorable weather led to a postponement until the next day, and the landing site was changed to Edwards Air Force Base.
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lifted off from KSC on 15 May 1997. For Collins, it was the first and only time a launch had occurred without delays. Nor were there any leaking thrusters;
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separate, the result could be catastrophic. A new detonator system was devised, but would not be available for STS-114. She also had concerns about the
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The usual practice at this time was for a pilot astronaut to fly two missions as a pilot and then go on to command a mission. Collins had heard of the
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802:. She was the first woman to become a T-38 instructor pilot, and the only woman flight instructor at Vance between September 1979 and December 1982.
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1326:(STA), a NASA training vehicle that duplicated the orbiter's approach profile and handling qualities. The crew paid a visit to Russia and visited
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in 1989. She had begun dating a fellow C-141 pilot, James P. (Pat) Youngs, in August 1983. Youngs was also posted to the Air Force Academy, as a
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was already in orbit, but the Space Shuttle fleet was grounded again. Collins became the first astronaut to fly an orbiter through a complete
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in for a night landing, the twelfth of the Space Shuttle program. The flight had lasted 4 days, 22 hours and 50 minutes. She was awarded the
1606:. This would be the first time that a woman commanded a Space Shuttle mission, so the official announcement of her assignment was made by the
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was rolled out to the launch pad on 6 April 2005, but problems with the sensors in the external tank led to it being taken back to the
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In September 1989, Collins received a call from Duane Ross, the selection board's administrative officer, inviting her to come to the
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equation. Flight training was conducted in the T-37 Tweet. On 24 November 1978, she became the first member of her class to fly solo.
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and Elmira, New York. She had three siblings: an older brother, a younger sister, and a younger brother. Her father served in the
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was the only available astronaut who met both these requirements. Hawley was a very senior astronaut who had been selected with
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Collins spent most of the time filling bags with drinking water. She also carried out a photographic survey of the exterior of
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commander and pilot respectively. Collins advocated for at least one rookie astronaut to be assigned to the flight, and
1723:, so any problems had to be resolved in the payload bay, as the Chandra could not be retrieved. The large mass affected
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spacecraft, the Russian equivalent of the Space Shuttle. On Collins' invitation, seven of the surviving members of the
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433:, and took thirty-six medical students back. From 1986 to 1989, she was an assistant professor in mathematics and a
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2183:. She was the commencement speaker at the 148th commencement of Syracuse University in May 2001. She addressed the
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in the Philippines. The aircraft then flew to Clark and Diego Garcia again, before heading homeward via Singapore,
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degree in mathematics and economics in 1978, Collins was commissioned as an officer in the USAF through Syracuse's
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that separated the SRBs from the orbiter. These were redesigned for STS-114. Finally, she expressed concern about
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4314:"Space Shuttle Astronauts Curt Brown, Eileen Collins and Bonnie Dunbar Inducted into U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame"
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instructor. They were married on 1 August 1987. Youngs eventually left the USAF to fly as a commercial pilot for
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952:. After nine months as a co-pilot, she was upgraded to first pilot. After attending aircraft commander school at
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2112:, and it had evidently not been fixed. Collins blamed herself for not pushing Michoud harder to effect changes.
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Soon after returning from space, Collins became pregnant. Her first child, Bridget, was born nine months later.
901:, and to European destinations in Germany, Spain, Italy, Turkey and the United Kingdom in support of the annual
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2843:"Today in History – Syracuse University Graduate Eileen Collins Chosen as First Woman to Pilot Space Shuttle"
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was to be the second mission specialist, but NASA headquarters wanted an astronomer with experience with the
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on flight day one of the STS-63 mission during a "hotfiring" procedure prior to rendezvous with the Russian
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show on 25 April 2000. She had a miscarriage in November 1999, but a son, Luke, was born in November 2000.
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1115:, the Director of Life Sciences; Joseph Atkinson, the Chief of Equal Opportunity Programs; and astronauts
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Collins also made occasional public appearances as an analyst covering Shuttle launches and landings for
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611:, a Catholic high school, but was unhappy there. The family home was badly damaged by flooding caused by
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Through the Glass Ceiling to the Stars: The Story of the First American Woman to Command a Space Mission
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in 1996, and in 2021, she received Syracuse University's highest alumni honor, the George Arents Award.
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Stoker, Peter; Hunter, David R.; Kantor, Jeffrey E.; Quebe, John C.; Siem, Frederick M. (August 1987).
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in June 1972, and with finances tight, she was able to convince her mother to allow her to transfer to
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1594:, that she was interested in flying the mission to deploy it. A few months later, JSC deputy director
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He offered to put her name forward. Collins eagerly accepted the offer, but a physical examination at
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1998:, advised her to visit the contractors where the Space Shuttle components were made. She visited the
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1560:, and everyone had a couple of sips. Alcohol consumption was banned on the Space Shuttle, but not on
1435:. Foale had been with Collins on the STS-63 mission. This time the cosmonaut on the mission would be
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Earning an advanced degree improved her chances of being selected for the USAF Test Pilot School at
719:(UPT) program. Collins was almost eliminated on medical grounds due to her left eye and a suspected
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3932:"NASA – STS-114 Commander Eileen Collins: From 'Soaring Capital of America' to the Space Shuttle"
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also conferred an honorary Doctor of Science degree on her on 14 June 2006. She was awarded with
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After a flight astronauts usually carried out a publicity tour. Collins appeared with Coleman on
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launch using the IUS and problems that were discovered during testing of the AXAF (now named the
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4702:"Lone Star Flight Museum Held a Virtual Ceremony for 2020 Texas Aviation Hall Of Fame Inductees"
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instructor pilot. This involved four weeks of pilot instructor training, which was conducted at
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4901:"Colonel Eileen Collins, USAF (Ret.) to be Honored with 2022 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy"
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run by Corning Community College—is named in her honor, as is the main entrance boulevard to
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As well as USAF Command Pilot (Astronaut) wings, Collins' awards and decorations include the
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back. Some 1,100 cubic feet (31 m) of supplies would be transferred to the ISS from the
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2821:"NASA astronaut Eileen Collins to deliver Syracuse University/ESF 2001 Commencement address"
1259:. They would be the only other women to pilot the Space Shuttle in its thirty-year history.
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landed back at KSC on 11 February 1995, after 8 days, 6 hours and 28 minutes in flight.
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4803:"Space shuttle retirement prompts space veterans with Syracuse ties to ask, What's next?"
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After her retirement from the USAF and NASA, Collins served on the Board of Directors of
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when she graduated from flight school at Vance Air Force Base in Oklahoma in August 1979
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4852:"Pixar president, astronaut Eileen Collins, more to receive Syracuse University awards"
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2392:"Biographical Data: Eileen Marie Collins (Colonel, Ret.) NASA Astronaut (Former), USAF"
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and aircraft and spacecraft museums in the Moscow area, and sat in the cockpit of the
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1327:
1322:
In preparation for the mission, Collins flew over 500 approaches and landings in the
1277:
1011:, thereby giving himself the flexibility to follow Collins as her career progressed.
984:
902:
703:
659:
544:, on 19 November 1956. Her parents were James Edward Collins and his wife Rose Marie
121:
112:
94:
4701:
1564:. The rest of the mission was taken up conducting experiments. Collins photographed
1450:
mission. Collins had glimpsed her during the STS-63 mission. The mission commander,
1351:. The mission plan called for an approach to no less than 10 meters (11 yd) of
829:, but women were still not permitted to fly combat aircraft, so she was assigned to
8194:
8104:
8064:
8054:
8029:
7904:
7889:
7864:
7844:
7809:
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6808:
6752:
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5987:
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5947:
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5826:
5615:
5535:
5220:
5165:
5134:
5119:
3727:
3597:
3071:"Chandra Press Room :: CXC Biographies :: Eileen Collins (Colonel, USAF)"
2646:
2264:
2236:
1916:
1572:
returned to KSC on 24 May after a flight lasting 9 days, 23 hours and 20 minutes.
1550:
1451:
1436:
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691:
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5742:
5721:
5716:
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5530:
5205:
5180:
4055:"Loss of the Shuttle: The Next Crew; A Shuttle Leader is Ready 'to Go Fly Again'"
2781:"This Day In Aviation History Graduation of The First 10 Female Air Force Pilots"
2315:
2220:
2188:
1981:
1775:
were at KSC to watch the launch. Observers also included Hillary Clinton and the
1375:
1162:
1112:
1008:
886:
763:
612:
140:
5091:
2123:. This was necessary so the astronauts aboard the ISS could take photographs of
1759:
The launch day of 20 July 1999, coincided with the thirtieth anniversary of the
908:
627:, where she earned an associate degree in mathematics in 1976. She then entered
8094:
7969:
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7954:
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7914:
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back into position back on the ground, and the pain took two weeks to subside.
1976:
1924:
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1120:
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996:
976:
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913:
894:
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759:
426:
200:
4938:
Wheels Stop: The Tragedies and Triumphs of the Space Shuttle Program 1986-2011
4477:
4381:"NASA Administrator Bridenstine? His name's in the mix for Trump's space team"
3872:
2444:
2362:
1707:
shortest scheduled mission since 1990. Two of the five pairs of tanks holding
1602:
informed her that she was to be assigned to the mission, which was designated
1394:
dispensing machine. Astronauts rated control samples before and after flight.
8216:
8124:
8114:
8109:
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8009:
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5003:
4984:
4955:
3256:
3254:
2881:
Flight Screening Program Effects on Attrition in Undergraduate Pilot Training
2494:
2314:. One of her graduate school alma maters, Webster University, awarded her an
2271:
1854:
1661:
1653:
1637:
1595:
1499:
1498:
s systems and had dinner at the home of Kondakova and her husband, cosmonaut
1424:
1256:
1252:
1147:
1132:
1027:
687:
359:
5037:
1303:. This was the first time a Space Shuttle made an approach and flyaround of
566:
during World War II. After the war he managed the family bar, then became a
8089:
8074:
8059:
8014:
7879:
7759:
7669:
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7644:
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7001:
6996:
6981:
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6671:
6645:
6630:
6605:
6580:
6426:
6259:
6158:
6082:
6037:
5846:
5841:
5831:
5784:
5779:
5662:
5590:
5565:
5540:
5494:
5235:
5230:
3520:
2196:
1932:
1928:
1889:
1641:
1626:
971:, where she was an assistant professor in mathematics, teaching courses on
898:
842:
720:
620:
571:
570:. Her parents separated when she was young, and her mother took a job as a
555:
3392:
3251:
2154:
8049:
8044:
8039:
7979:
7874:
7859:
7829:
7724:
7689:
7589:
7459:
7131:
6930:
6920:
6757:
6691:
6625:
6319:
6118:
6007:
5977:
5585:
5525:
5210:
5190:
5170:
4527:. National Space Symposium. Archived from the original on 3 February 2009
4050:
2281:
Collins was inducted into the National Women's Hall Of Fame in 1995, the
2165:
Collins retired from the U.S. Air Force in January 2005 with the rank of
1968:
1768:
1554:
1379:
1186:
1136:
1128:
890:
778:
734:
563:
551:
4996:
USAF Test Pilot School 50th anniversary (1944-1994): 50 Years and Beyond
1871:
1817:
as well, and the whole Space Shuttle fleet was grounded until December.
1319:
for a year. He became the second cosmonaut to fly on the Space Shuttle.
8363:
United States Air Force personnel of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
8004:
7929:
7894:
7839:
7814:
7314:
7309:
7121:
6823:
6610:
6456:
6431:
6123:
6042:
5836:
5805:
5672:
2727:"When Women Earned Their Wings: the USAF's First Crop of Female Pilots"
2466:
2450:
1987:
1607:
1591:
1378:
and the SPARTAN-204 astronomy satellite. Collins had never experienced
1337:
1051:
834:
791:
663:
410:
398:
355:
4235:"Veteran leaders: A peek at the USAA board of directors' compensation"
3494:
3492:
2191:, on 20 July 2016, leading to speculation that she might be appointed
1153:
1095:
Attending a survival training course at Vance Air Force Base, Oklahoma
723:, but was cleared to fly. Training flights were conducted from nearby
582:. She expressed an early interest in becoming a pilot, subscribing to
453:
in 1986, and a Master of Arts degree in space systems management from
8155:
7774:
7614:
7444:
6828:
6575:
6012:
4384:
3182:
1972:
1897:
1760:
1716:
1543:
1391:
1383:
1308:
1108:
1031:
810:
520:(ISS). During this mission she became the first astronaut to fly the
343:
4906:. National Aeronautic Association. 15 September 2022. Archived from
2945:"First female Space Shuttle commander left powerful legacy at Vance"
2037:
1734:, rendering a landing after an emergency abort extremely hazardous.
1695:). This pushed the launch date back to April and then to July, when
496:
in 1997. She became the first woman to command a US spacecraft with
457:
in 1989. That year, she became the second woman pilot to attend the
7439:
6884:
4287:"House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, 114th Congress"
3489:
2070:
1720:
1708:
1688:
972:
968:
588:
and reading books about World War II-era military aviators such as
567:
442:
390:
369:, where she earned an associate degree in mathematics in 1976, and
5279:
4103:
4101:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3617:
3615:
3479:
3477:
2294:
2007:
1901:
1893:
1876:
1866:
1203:
1170:
945:
751:
559:
505:
430:
351:
256:
4584:"Eileen Collins To Receive 2022 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy"
4261:"NASA - Space Operations Committee of the NASA Advisory Council"
4185:"NASA Astronaut Eileen Collins Completes Career of Space Firsts"
2720:
2718:
2108:
the largest ever recorded. This was the problem that had doomed
284:
3172:
3170:
3090:
3088:
3035:
3033:
2923:
2921:
2883:(Report). Brooks Air Force Base, Texas: United States Air Force
2862:
2860:
2800:
2798:
2763:
2761:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2062:
1752:
1712:
1603:
1581:
1557:
1474:
1416:
1410:
1244:
1238:
960:
training, she was upgraded to aircraft commander in June 1984.
882:
850:
497:
493:
469:
279:
274:
269:
252:
248:
244:
4998:. Edwards Air Force Base, California: USAF Test Pilot School.
4431:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"
4164:
4098:
4086:
4074:
4007:
3995:
3950:
3911:
3899:
3887:
3850:
3754:
3742:
3703:
3627:
3612:
3547:
3535:
3474:
3431:
3419:
3407:
3368:
3299:
3194:
3050:
3048:
2693:"Catching Up With A&S Alumna and Astronaut Eileen Collins"
1217:
After nine months in this assignment, Collins was sent to the
623:, but her father was adamantly opposed. Instead, she attended
3669:
3667:
2715:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2289:
on 19 April 2013, and the Texas Aviation Hall Of Fame at the
2077:
revealed problems; these were rectified by taking parts from
1927:
were assigned as mission specialists. The mission would take
1243:
Collins first flew the Space Shuttle as pilot in 1995 aboard
1063:
711:
702:
Upon graduation from Syracuse, Collins was commissioned as a
645:
Six weeks after graduating from Corning, Collins reported to
8323:
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
3167:
3129:
3085:
3030:
3018:
2983:
2971:
2959:
2918:
2857:
2795:
2758:
2746:
2673:
2661:
2425:
1415:
In August 1995, Collins was assigned to her second mission,
4676:"Three Space Shuttle Astronauts Inducted into Hall of Fame"
3045:
2462:
2398:
2259:
in 2001, the Free Spirit Award, National Space Trophy, and
2173:
2135:
and removed the two most prominent protruding gap fillers.
2048:
of the International Space Station while the Space Shuttle
1990:, who had commanded the return to flight mission after the
1920:
1645:
1590:(AXAF) and indicated to the Chief of the Astronaut Office,
1387:
1004:
963:
From August 1986 to June 1989, Collins was assigned to the
858:
773:
The second phase of instruction began in March 1979 in the
464:
In 1990, Collins was selected to be a pilot astronaut with
340:
4137:
4125:
4113:
4031:
3838:
3826:
3814:
3802:
3691:
3679:
3664:
3356:
3344:
3287:
3206:
2508:
2443:
2413:
2030:
was assembled. Asked if she felt afraid after the loss of
1454:, spoke Russian fluently. The crew also included a French
603:
Collins attended St. Patrick's School in Elmira up to the
4879:"First woman to pilot NASA space shuttle honoured by UCD"
4154:
4152:
3004:"Women's History Month honors unforgettable servicewomen"
2180:
1455:
1299:
488:
7574:
2563:
1427:
behind for a four-month stay, and return with astronaut
8338:
Syracuse University College of Arts and Sciences alumni
4754:"300 women who have changed the world - Eileen Collins"
4456:"Eileen Collins Receives Free Spirit of the Year Award"
2878:
2525:
1832:
with her call sign KD5EDS. On 27 July, Collins brought
1469:
In front of the overhead flight deck windows where the
813:. To achieve this goal, she aimed to graduate from the
746:
For her UPT, Collins requested that she be assigned to
468:. She flew the Space Shuttle as the pilot of the 1995
4993:
4725:"Texas Aviation Hall of Fame announces 2020 inductees"
4149:
4019:
3188:
1950:
Problems discovered with the propellant feed lines on
1896:
mission. In turn, Collins handed over the position to
1568:, the brightest comet seen in the sky for many years.
677:
In January 1978, Collins received orders to report to
8166:
4480:. Rotary National Award for Space Achievement (RNASA)
4214:. Colorado Springs, Colorado: Air Force Space Command
3320:"Second Group of Astronaut Hopefuls to Arrive at JSC"
550:
O'Hara. Her father's ancestors came to America from
4940:. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.
4293:. Washington, D.C. 25 February 2016. pp. 34–35
3722:McCarter, Jennifer; Hawley, Eileen (5 March 1998).
2449:
4183:Trinidad, Katherine; Peterson, Doug (1 May 2006).
3150:"Woman Faced Tough Odds in Botched Pilot Training"
2297:, Texas, on 6 May 2020. She was recognized by the
1443:between October 1994 to March 1995 as part of the
362:and the first to command a Space Shuttle mission.
8368:United States Air Force personnel of the Iraq War
8358:United States Air Force personnel of the Gulf War
1699:was scheduled for fifteen months' maintenance in
1524:, of which 1,000 pounds (450 kg) was water.
1225:, Hoot Gibson, returned her to JSC for duty as a
932:in October 1983, her aircraft flew troops of the
662:with an instructor. She took flying lessons in a
417:in October 1983, her aircraft flew troops of the
8318:Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal
8214:
4208:"Trailblazing astronaut is really down to earth"
4182:
2845:. Onondaga Historical Association. 18 March 2015
2701:Syracuse University College of Arts and Sciences
2481:"Col. Eileen Collins's 2016 Hall of Fame Speech"
2303:as one of 300 women who have changed the world.
1783:. The launch countdown proceeded smoothly until
1307:, although it did not dock. The crew included a
1210:systems, with particular responsibility for the
1176:Collins's selection as one of the twenty-three
4633:. National Women's Hall of Fame. Archived from
2815:
2813:
1911:with the ISS to transfer crewmen and supplies.
516:, to test safety improvements and resupply the
500:, which launched in July 1999 and deployed the
8373:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees
5088:NASA Astronaut Group 13, "The Hairballs", 1990
3724:"Collins Named First Female Shuttle Commander"
3721:
3596:Campion, Ed; Hawley, Eileen (22 August 1996).
3389:"Astronaut hopefuls don't mind being 'Chumps'"
2343:Collins, Eileen M.; Ward, Jonathan H. (2021).
706:in the USAF. She received orders to report to
508:, NASA's "return to flight" mission after the
397:, she stayed on at Vance for three years as a
381:program. She was one of four women chosen for
7560:
5480:
5445:List of United States Marine Corps astronauts
5265:
5072:
4359:"Here is Wednesday's RNC Convention Schedule"
3867:
3865:
3595:
3325:(Press release). NASA. 89-051. Archived from
3268:(Press release). NASA. 89-046. Archived from
3232:(Press release). NASA. 89-021. Archived from
3105:
3103:
2255:. She received the Golden Plate Award of the
2211:Collins speaks after being inducted into the
401:instructor pilot before transitioning to the
5450:List of United States Space Force astronauts
4964:
4581:
3726:(Press release). NASA. 98-37. Archived from
3591:
3589:
3263:"Astronaut Class of 1990 Selection Underway"
3054:
2810:
1382:, but felt nauseous. This was remedied by a
4170:
4107:
4092:
4080:
4013:
4001:
3956:
3917:
3905:
3893:
3856:
3844:
3832:
3820:
3808:
3765:
3748:
3709:
3697:
3685:
3673:
3633:
3621:
3553:
3541:
3498:
3483:
3437:
3425:
3413:
3374:
3362:
3350:
3305:
3293:
3227:"Deadline Set For Next Astronaut Selection"
3212:
3200:
3176:
3135:
3094:
3039:
3024:
2989:
2977:
2965:
2927:
2866:
2804:
2767:
2752:
2679:
2667:
2569:
2531:
2519:
2419:
2342:
1763:Moon landing mission, so former astronauts
979:, and a T-41 instructor pilot. Through the
445:. She earned a Master of Science degree in
358:, Collins was the first woman to pilot the
7567:
7553:
5487:
5473:
5272:
5258:
5079:
5065:
4722:
4500:"Women in Space Science Award Celebration"
4232:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3862:
3598:"Cosmonaut Kondakova Named to STS-84 Crew"
3100:
3065:
3063:
2445:"1990 Astronaut Candidates Selected"
2386:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2263:Women in Space Science Award in 2006, the
1777:United States women's national soccer team
44:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3644:
3642:
3586:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3446:
2081:. Since it would take a month to inspect
1086:
554:in Ireland in the mid-1800s, settling in
8308:National Aviation Hall of Fame inductees
8293:Military personnel from New York (state)
5022:. Chicago, Illinois: Heinemann Library.
4825:"Honorary Degrees at Webster University"
4563:. Veterans of Foreign Wars. 2 March 2022
4233:Mosbrucker, Kristen (11 November 2016).
3386:
2938:
2936:
2904:"OTS salutes heritage with T-41 display"
2639:
2206:
2153:
2073:. An inspection of the RSB actuators on
2036:
2006:, where the SSMEs were refurbished, the
1915:was assigned as the mission's pilot and
1870:
1853:on 7 January 2000, and appeared on the
1736:
1676:The STS-93 mission was not routine. The
1620:
1464:
1340:attended the launch on 3 February 1995.
1261:
1190:Land survival training was conducted at
1152:
1090:
907:
809:, Collins set her sights on becoming an
787:Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape
733:
633:Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps
379:Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps
29:American astronaut and pilot (born 1956)
8378:U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School alumni
8343:United States Air Force Academy faculty
5435:List of astronauts by year of selection
4935:
4849:
4800:
4673:
4356:
4158:
4143:
4131:
4119:
4049:
4037:
4025:
3962:
3387:Pearlman, Robert Z. (10 October 2009).
3147:
3060:
3001:
2902:Wright, Kimberly L. (29 October 2010).
2724:
2377:
14:
8215:
4965:Shayler, David; Moule, Ian A. (2006).
4723:Leinfelder, Andrea (10 January 2020).
4704:. Lone Star Flight Museum. 2 July 2020
4631:"Home – National Women's Hall of Fame"
4478:"2006 National Space Trophy Recipient"
4316:. Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex
3929:
3771:
3639:
3443:
3112:"Eileen Collins on what's ailing NASA"
2942:
2901:
2610:
2312:Syracuse Hancock International Airport
827:Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II
7548:
7365:
7037:
6542:
5867:
5698:
5507:
5468:
5253:
5060:
4378:
4311:
4205:
3565:
3109:
2933:
2642:"Astronaut visits Holy Family School"
2581:
1907:The STS-114 mission involved docking
1101:National Air and Space Administration
1060:General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon
686:revealed that although she had 20/20
684:Hancock Field Air National Guard Base
545:
339:(born 19 November 1956) is a retired
178:NASA Exceptional Public Service Medal
8393:Women in the United States Air Force
8146:Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex
7576:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame
4967:Women in Space – Following Valentina
4582:O'Connor, Kate (15 September 2022).
4561:"VFW Recognizes Col. Eileen Collins"
3317:
3260:
3224:
2438:
2287:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame
2213:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame
2202:
1618:of the White House on 5 March 1998.
1588:Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility
1473:Space Station is visible during the
1040:de Havilland Canada UV-18 Twin Otter
631:, which she chose because it had an
3979:. NASA. 4 July 2013. Archived from
3318:Carr, Jeffrey (28 September 1989).
3002:Carroll, Jennifer (14 March 2007).
2725:Johnson, Kimberly (29 March 2022).
2611:Caidin, Martin (12 February 1961).
2270:Public Outreach Award in 2007, the
2185:2016 Republican National Convention
2160:2016 Republican National Convention
1668:in 1978, and had helped deploy the
1343:A series of thruster burns brought
1081:
885:. She also flew the "coral run" to
697:
24:
8348:United States Air Force astronauts
5104:← NASA Astronaut Group 13 →
5011:
4850:Herbert, Geoff (18 October 2021).
3261:Carr, Jeffrey (8 September 1989).
2943:Fisher, Cassidy (31 August 2021).
2115:The STS-114 mission continued, as
1660:(IUS) that would deploy the AXAF.
649:for her basic training. Women had
354:. A former flight instructor and
25:
8409:
8268:American women flight instructors
5647:Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias
5045:
4611:. National Aeronautic Association
4609:"Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy"
3930:Garcia, Mark (11 February 2005).
3148:Richter, Paul (17 January 1998).
2245:NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal
2229:Defense Meritorious Service Medal
1900:when she was assigned to command
1431:at the conclusion of his stay on
999:in space systems management from
981:Air Force Institute of Technology
540:Eileen Marie Collins was born in
325:United States invasion of Grenada
168:NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal
146:Defense Meritorious Service Medal
8353:United States Air Force colonels
8328:Space Shuttle program astronauts
8278:Corning Community College alumni
8243:American people of Irish descent
8200:
8188:
8176:
5090:
4893:
4871:
4843:
4817:
4794:
4772:
4746:
4716:
4694:
4667:
4655:. National Aviation Hall of Fame
4649:"Enshrinee Eileen Marie Collins"
4641:
4623:
4601:
4575:
4553:
4517:
4492:
4470:
4448:
4423:
4398:
4379:Foust, Jeff (11 November 2016).
4372:
4350:
4328:
4305:
4279:
4253:
4226:
4199:
3568:"In Step With... Eileen Collins"
3510:
2582:Adams, Frank S. (25 July 1943).
2306:An astronomical observatory—the
1826:Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment
1068:McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II
950:Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal
823:McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II
283:
278:
273:
268:
163:NASA Distinguished Service Medal
8288:Knights of the Legion of Honour
6717:Harriet Williams Russell Strong
4994:USAF Test Pilot School (1994).
4435:American Academy of Achievement
4357:Pavlich, Katie (20 July 2016).
4176:
4043:
3923:
3715:
3559:
3504:
3380:
3311:
3225:Carr, Jeffrey (17 April 1989).
3218:
3141:
3073:. Harvard University. July 1999
2995:
2895:
2872:
2835:
2773:
2685:
2633:
2604:
2336:
2331:Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy
2276:Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy
2257:American Academy of Achievement
1879:crew on their way to launch pad
1828:(SAREX) to talk to children on
1419:. This mission would dock with
1266:At the pilot's station onboard
965:United States Air Force Academy
668:Elmira Corning Regional Airport
373:, where she graduated with a
8273:Aviators from New York (state)
6396:Ernestine Louise Potowski Rose
4674:Granath, Bob (20 April 2013).
4241:. San Antonio Business Journal
3566:Brady, James (12 March 2006).
2640:Kosmicki, Joe (15 June 2022).
2575:
2537:
2473:
2327:National University of Ireland
2283:National Aviation Hall of Fame
2249:NASA Exceptional Service Medal
2243:with an oak leaf cluster, the
1937:Multi-Purpose Logistics Module
1846:The Tonight Show with Jay Leno
1741:At the commander's station on
1506:, the Russian space agency.
1366:As well as rendezvousing with
1297:and the Russian space station
1283:The STS-63 mission involved a
1078:. She graduated in June 1990.
694:in mathematics and economics.
492:. She was also the pilot for
486:and the Russian space station
173:NASA Exceptional Service Medal
13:
1:
7366:
7038:
6543:
5868:
5699:
5508:
5497:National Women's Hall of Fame
5440:Astronaut ranks and positions
4929:
4801:Mariani, John (8 July 2011).
4312:White, Glen (20 April 2013).
4187:(Press release). NASA. 06-208
3600:(Press release). NASA. 96-171
2149:
1849:on 16 August. She opened the
1223:Chief of the Astronaut Office
1198:, water survival training at
535:
532:, and from NASA in May 2006.
461:, graduating with class 89B.
8313:People from Elmira, New York
6743:Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis
3873:"Eileen Collins – Recipient"
3570:. parade.com. Archived from
2241:Air Force Commendation Medal
1535:and the overhead windows on
1481:The STS-84 mission used the
1439:, who had spent 169 days on
930:American invasion of Grenada
717:Undergraduate Pilot Training
576:Elmira Correctional Facility
415:American invasion of Grenada
383:Undergraduate Pilot Training
157:Air Force Commendation Medal
7:
8238:American flight instructors
8233:21st-century American women
6926:Martha Coffin Pelham Wright
6330:Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin
4406:"Historical Recipient List"
4336:"2001 Commencement Address"
4206:White, Ed (14 April 2008).
3189:USAF Test Pilot School 1994
3110:Smith, Evan (1 July 2006).
2028:Space Shuttle external tank
1886:International Space Station
1781:1999 FIFA Women's World Cup
1779:, who had recently won the
1553:produced a small bottle of
1313:Vladimir Georgiyevich Titov
1200:Naval Air Station Pensacola
651:different fitness standards
647:Rickenbacker Air Force Base
518:International Space Station
10:
8414:
8333:Stanford University alumni
6482:Katharine Dexter McCormick
5780:Mary "Mother" Harris Jones
3391:. NBC News. Archived from
2823:. SU News. 12 January 2001
2308:Eileen Collins Observatory
2225:Distinguished Flying Cross
2018:(SRBs) were made, and the
1892:, who left to command the
1864:
1860:
1838:Distinguished Flying Cross
1792:Space Shuttle main engines
1579:
1408:
1236:
1044:Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker
472:mission, which involved a
136:Distinguished Flying Cross
8383:Webster University alumni
8258:American women astronauts
8138:
7582:
7473:
7417:
7376:
7372:
7361:
7292:
7231:
7170:
7114:
7048:
7044:
7033:
6964:
6908:
6847:
6776:
6735:
6659:
6553:
6549:
6538:
6414:
6348:
6340:Hannah Greenebaum Solomon
6247:
6111:
5925:
5909:
5878:
5874:
5863:
5819:
5793:
5772:
5751:
5730:
5709:
5705:
5694:
5655:
5629:
5518:
5514:
5503:
5427:
5296:
5249:
5158:
5112:
5099:
4545:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4505:. Alder Planetarium. 2012
2452:JSC News Release Log 1990
2323:University College Dublin
2233:Meritorious Service Medal
2121:360-degree pitch maneuver
2100:Vehicle Assembly Building
2092:for the STS-114 mission.
2059:booster separation motors
2020:Michoud Assembly Facility
1719:were removed, as was the
1693:Chandra X-ray Observatory
1575:
1404:
1324:Shuttle Training Aircraft
1232:
839:Lockheed C-141 Starlifter
625:Corning Community College
526:360-degree pitch maneuver
502:Chandra X-Ray Observatory
367:Corning Community College
330:
320:
312:
307:
303:
299:
291:
262:
240:
230:
220:
206:
199:
192:
151:Meritorious Service Medal
128:
91:Corning Community College
86:
55:
43:
36:
8303:NASA civilian astronauts
8253:American women academics
6571:Marjory Stoneman Douglas
6381:Wilhelmina Cole Holladay
6154:Charlotte Perkins Gilman
5018:Raum, Elizabeth (2006).
4782:. Salem State University
3501:, pp. 176, 180–181.
3055:Shayler & Moule 2006
2370:
2253:NASA Space Flight Medals
1751:on the first day of the
1192:Fairchild Air Force Base
879:Elmendorf Air Force Base
819:Convair F-106 Delta Dart
656:Fairchild C-123 Provider
504:. In 2005 she commanded
437:instructor pilot at the
8398:Women military aviators
8263:American women aviators
7745:Frank L. Culbertson Jr.
7061:Dorothy Harrison Eustis
6951:Catherine Filene Shouse
6804:Patricia Roberts Harris
6442:Mary Steichen Calderone
6310:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
6179:Frances Wisebart Jacobs
5983:Martha Wright Griffiths
5106:NASA Astronaut Group 14
5102:NASA Astronaut Group 12
4171:Collins & Ward 2021
4108:Collins & Ward 2021
4093:Collins & Ward 2021
4081:Collins & Ward 2021
4014:Collins & Ward 2021
4002:Collins & Ward 2021
3957:Collins & Ward 2021
3918:Collins & Ward 2021
3906:Collins & Ward 2021
3894:Collins & Ward 2021
3857:Collins & Ward 2021
3845:Collins & Ward 2021
3833:Collins & Ward 2021
3821:Collins & Ward 2021
3809:Collins & Ward 2021
3766:Collins & Ward 2021
3749:Collins & Ward 2021
3710:Collins & Ward 2021
3698:Collins & Ward 2021
3686:Collins & Ward 2021
3674:Collins & Ward 2021
3634:Collins & Ward 2021
3622:Collins & Ward 2021
3554:Collins & Ward 2021
3542:Collins & Ward 2021
3499:Collins & Ward 2021
3484:Collins & Ward 2021
3438:Collins & Ward 2021
3426:Collins & Ward 2021
3414:Collins & Ward 2021
3375:Collins & Ward 2021
3363:Collins & Ward 2021
3351:Collins & Ward 2021
3306:Collins & Ward 2021
3294:Collins & Ward 2021
3213:Collins & Ward 2021
3201:Collins & Ward 2021
3177:Collins & Ward 2021
3136:Collins & Ward 2021
3095:Collins & Ward 2021
3040:Collins & Ward 2021
3025:Collins & Ward 2021
2990:Collins & Ward 2021
2978:Collins & Ward 2021
2966:Collins & Ward 2021
2928:Collins & Ward 2021
2867:Collins & Ward 2021
2805:Collins & Ward 2021
2768:Collins & Ward 2021
2753:Collins & Ward 2021
2680:Collins & Ward 2021
2668:Collins & Ward 2021
2613:"Lady Luck Is Co-Pilot"
2570:Collins & Ward 2021
2545:"Girl Scout Astronauts"
2532:Collins & Ward 2021
2520:Collins & Ward 2021
2420:Collins & Ward 2021
2300:Encyclopædia Britannica
2291:Lone Star Flight Museum
2004:Canoga Park, California
1851:New York Stock Exchange
1502:, now the president of
1386:shot, but she only ate
1357:Reaction Control System
1249:NASA Astronaut Group 15
1182:NASA Astronaut Group 13
920:on graduation from the
855:Anderson Air Force Base
796:Randolph Air Force Base
768:mass–energy equivalence
748:Williams Air Force Base
725:Hondo Municipal Airport
708:Lackland Air Force Base
640:United States Air Force
466:NASA Astronaut Group 13
348:United States Air Force
183:NASA Space Flight Medal
7007:Rebecca Talbot Perkins
6502:Eunice Kennedy Shriver
6366:Frances Xavier Cabrini
6280:Elizabeth Hanford Dole
6058:Ellen Swallow Richards
6028:Constance Baker Motley
5678:Elizabeth Bayley Seton
5611:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
4969:. New York: Springer.
4936:Houston, Rick (2013).
4827:. 2020. Archived from
4678:. NASA. Archived from
4338:. SU News. 13 May 2001
3934:. NASA. Archived from
3513:"The Mercury 13 Story"
3006:. Vance Air Force Base
2947:. Vance Air Force Base
2547:. NASA. Archived from
2216:
2162:
2053:
2024:New Orleans, Louisiana
2000:Rockwell International
1880:
1830:amateur radio stations
1756:
1670:Hubble Space Telescope
1666:NASA Astronaut Group 8
1634:
1631:Hillary Rodham Clinton
1612:Hillary Rodham Clinton
1478:
1280:
1173:
1111:, which also included
1099:On 17 April 1989, the
1096:
1087:Selection and training
1016:Edwards Air Force Base
934:82nd Airborne Division
925:
922:USAF Test Pilot School
918:Edwards Air Force Base
847:Hickham Air Force Base
815:USAF Test Pilot School
743:
609:Notre Dame High School
459:USAF Test Pilot School
439:U.S. Air Force Academy
419:82nd Airborne Division
8388:Women in the Iraq War
8283:Harmon Trophy winners
7920:Michael López-Alegría
7820:Richard F. Gordon Jr.
7521:Anna Wessels Williams
7208:Carlotta Walls LaNier
6941:Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
6799:Martha Matilda Harper
6763:Mary Engle Pennington
6601:Frances Oldham Kelsey
6386:Anne Morrow Lindbergh
6139:Jane Cunningham Croly
6068:Katherine Siva Saubel
5963:Marian Wright Edelman
5886:Margaret Bourke-White
5811:Harriet Beecher Stowe
5283:NASA Astronaut Groups
5186:Bernard A. Harris Jr.
4780:"Collins Observatory"
4458:. NASA. 22 March 2006
2584:"A Fighting Georgian"
2465:. 90-006 – via
2210:
2157:
2040:
2016:solid rocket boosters
1931:to the ISS and bring
1874:
1740:
1624:
1531:through portholes on
1468:
1460:Jean-François Clervoy
1265:
1212:auxiliary power units
1156:
1094:
1072:Vought A-7 Corsair II
1048:Cessna A-37 Dragonfly
911:
875:Yokota Air Force Base
867:Kadena Air Force Base
831:Travis Air Force Base
737:
729:Cessna T-41 Mescalero
679:Offutt Air Force Base
672:private pilot license
522:Space Shuttle orbiter
407:Travis Air Force Base
313:Years of service
8248:American test pilots
8151:NASA Astronaut Corps
7825:Frederick D. Gregory
7785:Christopher Ferguson
7218:Mary Harriman Rumsey
7056:St. Katharine Drexel
6900:Mary Burnett Talbert
6895:Blanche Stuart Scott
6880:Mother Marianne Cope
6860:Ruth Fulton Benedict
6819:Mildred Robbins Leet
6517:Angelina Grimké Weld
6391:Maria Goeppert Mayer
6361:Charlotte Anne Bunch
5938:Antoinette Blackwell
5917:Gertrude Belle Elion
5847:Ida B. Wells-Barnett
5616:Helen Brooke Taussig
5606:Margaret Chase Smith
5288:NASA Astronaut Corps
4653:nationalaviation.org
2347:. New York: Arcade.
2088:was substituted for
1701:Palmdale, California
1658:inertial upper stage
1542:s flight deck. The
1227:capsule communicator
1219:Kennedy Space Center
1178:astronaut candidates
1167:Johnson Space Center
1144:Johnson Space Center
954:Altus Air Force Base
863:Clark Air Force Base
756:Vance Air Force Base
393:. After earning her
387:Vance Air Force Base
337:Eileen Marie Collins
235:NASA Group 13 (1990)
60:Eileen Marie Collins
8100:Kathryn C. Thornton
8085:Kathryn D. Sullivan
8000:Charles J. Precourt
7990:Scott E. Parazynski
7950:Bruce McCandless II
7795:C. Gordon Fullerton
7700:Franklin Chang-Díaz
7655:Daniel Brandenstein
7435:Rebecca S. Halstead
7409:Mary Church Terrell
7096:Barbara A. Mikulski
6824:Patsy Takemoto Mink
6809:Stephanie L. Kwolek
6748:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
6722:Emily Howell Warner
6667:Dorothy H. Andersen
6641:Annie Dodge Wauneka
6636:Mary Edwards Walker
6561:Faye Glenn Abdellah
6492:Edith Nourse Rogers
6472:Shirley Ann Jackson
6447:Mary Ann Shadd Cary
6325:Sandra Day O'Connor
6305:Matilda Joslyn Gage
5901:Florence B. Seibert
5738:Carrie Chapman Catt
5668:Juliette Gordon Low
5551:Elizabeth Blackwell
5546:Mary McLeod Bethune
5201:William S. McArthur
5176:Michael R. Clifford
5159:Mission specialists
5150:Terrence W. Wilcutt
5145:Richard A. Searfoss
5140:Charles J. Precourt
4682:on 19 February 2016
4239:www.bizjournals.com
4173:, pp. 276–279.
4146:, pp. 252–253.
4134:, pp. 249–250.
4122:, pp. 250–251.
4110:, pp. 268–270.
4095:, pp. 264–266.
4083:, pp. 260–261.
4053:(7 February 2003).
4040:, pp. 245–246.
4016:, pp. 262–263.
4004:, pp. 258–260.
3959:, pp. 241–231.
3920:, pp. 240–241.
3908:, pp. 238–240.
3896:, pp. 236–237.
3859:, pp. 228–233.
3790:. NASA. 4 July 2013
3768:, pp. 210–214.
3751:, pp. 208–209.
3712:, pp. 205–206.
3652:. NASA. 4 July 2013
3636:, pp. 184–186.
3624:, pp. 181–183.
3556:, pp. 169–171.
3544:, pp. 162–164.
3486:, pp. 150–153.
3462:. NASA. 4 July 2013
3440:, pp. 140–145.
3428:, pp. 137–140.
3416:, pp. 131–133.
3377:, pp. 127–128.
3308:, pp. 124–126.
3203:, pp. 107–114.
2442:(17 January 1990).
1549:mission commander,
1423:, leave astronaut
1315:, who had lived on
1105:mission specialists
1056:Beechcraft King Air
993:Stanford University
989:operations research
938:Pope Air Force Base
781:. She received her
775:Northrop T-38 Talon
629:Syracuse University
617:Elmira Free Academy
524:through a complete
451:Stanford University
447:operations research
423:Pope Air Force Base
371:Syracuse University
109:Stanford University
100:Syracuse University
8080:Thomas P. Stafford
7885:Thomas David Jones
7870:Jeffrey A. Hoffman
7394:Barbara Rose Johns
7345:Flossie Wong-Staal
7320:Nicole Malachowski
7249:Lorraine Hansberry
7193:Marcia Greenberger
7147:Mary Joseph Rogers
7086:Coretta Scott King
7071:Abby Kelley Foster
6987:Susan Kelly-Dreiss
6875:Rita Rossi Colwell
6651:Frances E. Willard
6487:Rozanne L. Ridgway
6437:Lydia Moss Bradley
6422:Madeleine Albright
6315:Nannerl O. Keohane
6285:Anne Dallas Dudley
6214:Betty Bone Schiess
6184:Susette La Flesche
6169:Zora Neale Hurston
6164:Helen LaKelly Hunt
6088:Madam C. J. Walker
6003:Mary Putnam Jacobi
5953:Jacqueline Cochran
5933:Ethel Percy Andrus
5801:Barbara McClintock
5130:William G. Gregory
4637:on 3 October 2002.
4525:"Symposium Awards"
4060:The New York Times
3730:on 28 October 2009
3574:on 17 October 2006
3332:on 11 October 2006
3275:on 11 October 2006
3239:on 11 October 2006
2618:The New York Times
2589:The New York Times
2217:
2193:NASA administrator
2163:
2054:
2012:Brigham City, Utah
1971:to coordinate the
1881:
1840:for this mission.
1757:
1635:
1633:on 29 October 1998
1479:
1281:
1174:
1097:
1001:Webster University
926:
903:Reforger exercises
800:San Antonio, Texas
744:
658:and a flight in a
635:(AFROTC) program.
597:God Is My Co-Pilot
591:Fate Is the Hunter
585:Air Force Magazine
455:Webster University
118:Webster University
8164:
8163:
8035:Rusty Schweickart
7985:Bryan D. O'Connor
7835:John M. Grunsfeld
7750:Walter Cunningham
7542:
7541:
7538:
7537:
7534:
7533:
7496:Kimberlé Crenshaw
7491:Elouise P. Cobell
7455:Katherine Johnson
7425:Octavia E. Butler
7357:
7356:
7353:
7352:
7264:Clare Boothe Luce
7076:Helen Murray Free
7029:
7028:
7025:
7024:
6890:Patricia A. Locke
6855:Florence E. Allen
6839:Sheila E. Widnall
6784:Linda G. Alvarado
6768:Mercy Otis Warren
6727:Victoria Woodhull
6712:Barbara Holdridge
6707:Beatrice A. Hicks
6682:Lydia Maria Child
6596:Leontine T. Kelly
6534:
6533:
6530:
6529:
6356:Louisa May Alcott
6270:Mary Breckinridge
6149:Geraldine Ferraro
6134:Annie Jump Cannon
5859:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5690:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5596:Eleanor Roosevelt
5495:Inductees to the
5462:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5029:978-1-4034-6943-4
4976:978-1-85233-744-5
4913:on 1 October 2022
4857:The Post-Standard
4733:Houston Chronicle
3983:on 15 August 2017
3179:, pp. 96–99.
3154:Los Angeles Times
3138:, pp. 91–92.
3097:, pp. 87–90.
3042:, pp. 78–83.
3027:, pp. 72–77.
2992:, pp. 59–62.
2980:, pp. 52–59.
2968:, pp. 48–52.
2930:, pp. 36–38.
2869:, pp. 34–36.
2807:, pp. 32–33.
2770:, pp. 24–30.
2755:, pp. 24–27.
2682:, pp. 21–24.
2670:, pp. 15–20.
2354:978-1-950994-05-2
2319:Doctor of Science
2274:in 2020, and the
2268:Douglas S. Morrow
2261:Adler Planetarium
2203:Awards and honors
1732:center of gravity
1278:Mir Space Station
985:Master of Science
956:in Oklahoma, and
704:second lieutenant
660:Cessna T-37 Tweet
334:
333:
18:Eileen M. Collins
16:(Redirected from
8405:
8298:Mir crew members
8205:
8204:
8203:
8193:
8192:
8191:
8181:
8180:
8179:
8172:
8105:Richard H. Truly
8065:William Shepherd
8055:Brewster H. Shaw
8030:Harrison Schmitt
7905:Joseph P. Kerwin
7890:Janet L. Kavandi
7865:David C. Hilmers
7845:Henry Hartsfield
7810:Robert L. Gibson
7765:Bonnie J. Dunbar
7735:Richard O. Covey
7705:Kevin P. Chilton
7695:Roger B. Chaffee
7675:Robert D. Cabana
7569:
7562:
7555:
7546:
7545:
7374:
7373:
7363:
7362:
7330:Louise Slaughter
7254:Victoria Jackson
7213:Philippa Marrack
7198:Barbara Iglewski
7106:Kathrine Switzer
7101:Donna E. Shalala
7046:
7045:
7035:
7034:
6992:Allie B. Latimer
6972:Louise Bourgeois
6946:Judith L. Pipher
6753:Katharine Graham
6697:Marian de Forest
6616:Anna Howard Shaw
6566:Emma Smith DeVoe
6551:
6550:
6540:
6539:
6452:Joan Ganz Cooney
6376:Oveta Culp Hobby
6371:Mary A. Hallaren
6234:Sarah Winnemucca
6103:Gloria Yerkovich
6098:Rosalyn S. Yalow
6053:Jeannette Rankin
6033:Georgia O'Keeffe
5988:Fannie Lou Hamer
5948:Shirley Chisholm
5896:Billie Jean King
5876:
5875:
5865:
5864:
5827:Gwendolyn Brooks
5707:
5706:
5696:
5695:
5536:Susan B. Anthony
5516:
5515:
5505:
5504:
5489:
5482:
5475:
5466:
5465:
5274:
5267:
5260:
5251:
5250:
5221:Donald A. Thomas
5166:Daniel W. Bursch
5135:James D. Halsell
5120:Kenneth Cockrell
5094:
5081:
5074:
5067:
5058:
5057:
5052:Official website
5041:
5007:
4988:
4959:
4947:978-08032-3534-2
4923:
4922:
4920:
4918:
4912:
4905:
4897:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4886:
4875:
4869:
4868:
4866:
4864:
4847:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4821:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4810:
4798:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4776:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4756:. Archived from
4750:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4739:
4720:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4709:
4698:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4687:
4671:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4660:
4645:
4639:
4638:
4627:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4616:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4579:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4557:
4551:
4550:
4544:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4521:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4510:
4504:
4496:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4474:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4463:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4427:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4416:
4410:
4402:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4391:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4365:
4354:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4321:
4309:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4283:
4277:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4257:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4246:
4230:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4212:www.afspc.af.mil
4203:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4192:
4180:
4174:
4168:
4162:
4156:
4147:
4141:
4135:
4129:
4123:
4117:
4111:
4105:
4096:
4090:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4067:
4047:
4041:
4035:
4029:
4023:
4017:
4011:
4005:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3973:
3960:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3938:on 10 April 2005
3927:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3880:
3875:. Military Times
3869:
3860:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3818:
3812:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3784:
3769:
3763:
3752:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3735:
3719:
3713:
3707:
3701:
3695:
3689:
3683:
3677:
3671:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3646:
3637:
3631:
3625:
3619:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3593:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3563:
3557:
3551:
3545:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3530:
3528:
3519:. Archived from
3517:The Ninety-Nines
3508:
3502:
3496:
3487:
3481:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3456:
3441:
3435:
3429:
3423:
3417:
3411:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3384:
3378:
3372:
3366:
3360:
3354:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3331:
3324:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3297:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3274:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3231:
3222:
3216:
3210:
3204:
3198:
3192:
3186:
3180:
3174:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3145:
3139:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3107:
3098:
3092:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3067:
3058:
3052:
3043:
3037:
3028:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3011:
2999:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2940:
2931:
2925:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2906:. Air University
2899:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2876:
2870:
2864:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2817:
2808:
2802:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2777:
2771:
2765:
2756:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2722:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2697:A&S Magazine
2689:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2647:Catholic Courier
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2579:
2573:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2523:
2522:, pp. 8–11.
2517:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2456:
2447:
2436:
2423:
2422:, pp. 2, 7.
2417:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2396:
2388:
2366:
2265:Space Foundation
2237:oak leaf cluster
2158:Speaking at the
2129:
2041:Floating in the
1917:Stephen Robinson
1789:
1744:
1729:
1679:
1551:Vasily Tsibliyev
1541:
1497:
1484:
1452:Charles Precourt
1437:Yelena Kondakova
1290:
1285:space rendezvous
1269:
1082:Astronaut career
958:aerial refueling
698:Air Force career
692:Bachelor of Arts
549:
542:Elmira, New York
479:
474:space rendezvous
403:C-141 Starlifter
375:Bachelor of Arts
287:
282:
277:
272:
264:Mission insignia
79:Elmira, New York
75:
74:
71:19 November 1956
70:
68:
48:
34:
33:
21:
8413:
8412:
8408:
8407:
8406:
8404:
8403:
8402:
8213:
8212:
8211:
8201:
8199:
8189:
8187:
8177:
8175:
8167:
8165:
8160:
8134:
7850:Frederick Hauck
7720:Michael Collins
7680:Scott Carpenter
7660:Roy Bridges Jr.
7595:Joseph P. Allen
7578:
7573:
7543:
7530:
7526:Serena Williams
7469:
7413:
7399:Henrietta Lacks
7389:Barbara Hillary
7384:Aretha Franklin
7368:
7349:
7335:Sonia Sotomayor
7288:
7227:
7178:Tenley Albright
7166:
7152:Bernice Sandler
7110:
7091:Lilly Ledbetter
7066:Loretta C. Ford
7040:
7021:
6960:
6956:Henrietta Szold
6916:Eleanor K. Baum
6904:
6870:Hillary Clinton
6843:
6794:Gertrude Ederle
6789:Donna de Varona
6772:
6731:
6677:Rosalynn Carter
6655:
6631:Wilma L. Vaught
6586:Crystal Eastman
6581:Sylvia A. Earle
6545:
6526:
6522:Chien-Shiung Wu
6497:Felice Schwartz
6467:Julia Ward Howe
6410:
6401:Maria Tallchief
6344:
6300:Margaret Fuller
6295:Ella Fitzgerald
6290:Mary Baker Eddy
6243:
6199:Antonia Novello
6174:Anne Hutchinson
6107:
6048:Esther Peterson
6023:Wilma Mankiller
5943:Emily Blackwell
5921:
5905:
5870:
5851:
5815:
5789:
5768:
5747:
5743:Frances Perkins
5726:
5722:Sojourner Truth
5717:Margaret Sanger
5701:
5682:
5651:
5625:
5571:Emily Dickinson
5531:Marian Anderson
5510:
5499:
5493:
5463:
5454:
5423:
5292:
5278:
5245:
5206:James H. Newman
5196:Thomas D. Jones
5181:Nancy J. Currie
5154:
5108:
5095:
5085:
5048:
5030:
5017:
5014:
5012:Further reading
4977:
4948:
4932:
4927:
4926:
4916:
4914:
4910:
4903:
4899:
4898:
4894:
4884:
4882:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4862:
4860:
4848:
4844:
4834:
4832:
4831:on 13 July 2017
4823:
4822:
4818:
4808:
4806:
4799:
4795:
4785:
4783:
4778:
4777:
4773:
4763:
4761:
4752:
4751:
4747:
4737:
4735:
4721:
4717:
4707:
4705:
4700:
4699:
4695:
4685:
4683:
4672:
4668:
4658:
4656:
4647:
4646:
4642:
4629:
4628:
4624:
4614:
4612:
4607:
4606:
4602:
4592:
4590:
4580:
4576:
4566:
4564:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4538:
4537:
4530:
4528:
4523:
4522:
4518:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4497:
4493:
4483:
4481:
4476:
4475:
4471:
4461:
4459:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4439:
4437:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4414:
4412:
4408:
4404:
4403:
4399:
4389:
4387:
4377:
4373:
4363:
4361:
4355:
4351:
4341:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4319:
4317:
4310:
4306:
4296:
4294:
4291:www.govinfo.gov
4285:
4284:
4280:
4270:
4268:
4259:
4258:
4254:
4244:
4242:
4231:
4227:
4217:
4215:
4204:
4200:
4190:
4188:
4181:
4177:
4169:
4165:
4157:
4150:
4142:
4138:
4130:
4126:
4118:
4114:
4106:
4099:
4091:
4087:
4079:
4075:
4065:
4063:
4048:
4044:
4036:
4032:
4024:
4020:
4012:
4008:
4000:
3996:
3986:
3984:
3975:
3974:
3963:
3955:
3951:
3941:
3939:
3928:
3924:
3916:
3912:
3904:
3900:
3892:
3888:
3878:
3876:
3871:
3870:
3863:
3855:
3851:
3843:
3839:
3831:
3827:
3819:
3815:
3807:
3803:
3793:
3791:
3786:
3785:
3772:
3764:
3755:
3747:
3743:
3733:
3731:
3720:
3716:
3708:
3704:
3696:
3692:
3684:
3680:
3672:
3665:
3655:
3653:
3648:
3647:
3640:
3632:
3628:
3620:
3613:
3603:
3601:
3594:
3587:
3577:
3575:
3564:
3560:
3552:
3548:
3540:
3536:
3526:
3524:
3509:
3505:
3497:
3490:
3482:
3475:
3465:
3463:
3458:
3457:
3444:
3436:
3432:
3424:
3420:
3412:
3408:
3398:
3396:
3385:
3381:
3373:
3369:
3361:
3357:
3349:
3345:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3322:
3316:
3312:
3304:
3300:
3292:
3288:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3265:
3259:
3252:
3242:
3240:
3236:
3229:
3223:
3219:
3211:
3207:
3199:
3195:
3187:
3183:
3175:
3168:
3158:
3156:
3146:
3142:
3134:
3130:
3120:
3118:
3108:
3101:
3093:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3069:
3068:
3061:
3053:
3046:
3038:
3031:
3023:
3019:
3009:
3007:
3000:
2996:
2988:
2984:
2976:
2972:
2964:
2960:
2950:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2926:
2919:
2909:
2907:
2900:
2896:
2886:
2884:
2877:
2873:
2865:
2858:
2848:
2846:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2826:
2824:
2819:
2818:
2811:
2803:
2796:
2786:
2784:
2783:. Warbirds News
2779:
2778:
2774:
2766:
2759:
2751:
2747:
2737:
2735:
2723:
2716:
2706:
2704:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2678:
2674:
2666:
2662:
2652:
2650:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2580:
2576:
2568:
2564:
2554:
2552:
2551:on 21 July 2011
2543:
2542:
2538:
2530:
2526:
2518:
2509:
2499:
2497:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2437:
2426:
2418:
2414:
2404:
2402:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2378:
2373:
2355:
2339:
2221:Legion of Merit
2205:
2189:Cleveland, Ohio
2152:
2127:
1982:Charles Camarda
1869:
1863:
1787:
1773:Michael Collins
1742:
1727:
1677:
1629:and First Lady
1625:With President
1584:
1578:
1566:Comet Hale–Bopp
1539:
1495:
1482:
1413:
1407:
1376:Spacehab module
1347:into line with
1288:
1267:
1241:
1235:
1163:Ellington Field
1161:trainer jet at
1113:Carolyn Huntoon
1089:
1084:
1009:Delta Air Lines
995:in 1986, and a
983:, she earned a
887:Kwajalein Atoll
764:Albert Einstein
700:
613:Hurricane Agnes
564:Pacific Theater
538:
477:
308:Military career
265:
255:
251:
247:
223:
188:
141:Legion of Merit
116:
107:
98:
82:
76:
72:
66:
64:
63:
62:
61:
51:
50:Collins in 1998
39:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8411:
8401:
8400:
8395:
8390:
8385:
8380:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8340:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8315:
8310:
8305:
8300:
8295:
8290:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8270:
8265:
8260:
8255:
8250:
8245:
8240:
8235:
8230:
8225:
8210:
8209:
8197:
8185:
8162:
8161:
8159:
8158:
8153:
8148:
8142:
8140:
8136:
8135:
8133:
8132:
8127:
8122:
8117:
8112:
8107:
8102:
8097:
8095:Norman Thagard
8092:
8087:
8082:
8077:
8072:
8067:
8062:
8057:
8052:
8047:
8042:
8037:
8032:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8012:
8007:
8002:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7982:
7977:
7972:
7970:Story Musgrave
7967:
7965:Edgar Mitchell
7962:
7957:
7955:James McDivitt
7952:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7932:
7927:
7922:
7917:
7915:Steven Lindsey
7912:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7877:
7872:
7867:
7862:
7857:
7852:
7847:
7842:
7837:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7770:Donn F. Eisele
7767:
7762:
7757:
7752:
7747:
7742:
7740:Robert Crippen
7737:
7732:
7727:
7722:
7717:
7715:Eileen Collins
7712:
7707:
7702:
7697:
7692:
7687:
7682:
7677:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7657:
7652:
7650:Vance D. Brand
7647:
7642:
7637:
7635:Charles Bolden
7632:
7630:Karol J. Bobko
7627:
7622:
7617:
7612:
7610:Neil Armstrong
7607:
7605:William Anders
7602:
7597:
7592:
7586:
7584:
7580:
7579:
7572:
7571:
7564:
7557:
7549:
7540:
7539:
7536:
7535:
7532:
7531:
7529:
7528:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7508:
7506:Judith Plaskow
7503:
7501:Peggy McIntosh
7498:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7477:
7475:
7471:
7470:
7468:
7467:
7465:Michelle Obama
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7421:
7419:
7415:
7414:
7412:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7380:
7378:
7370:
7369:
7359:
7358:
7355:
7354:
7351:
7350:
7348:
7347:
7342:
7340:Laurie Spiegel
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7296:
7294:
7290:
7289:
7287:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7259:Sherry Lansing
7256:
7251:
7246:
7244:Temple Grandin
7241:
7235:
7233:
7229:
7228:
7226:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7203:Jean Kilbourne
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7174:
7172:
7168:
7167:
7165:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7127:Ina May Gaskin
7124:
7118:
7116:
7112:
7111:
7109:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7081:Billie Holiday
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7052:
7050:
7042:
7041:
7031:
7030:
7027:
7026:
7023:
7022:
7020:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6974:
6968:
6966:
6962:
6961:
6959:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6918:
6912:
6910:
6906:
6905:
6903:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6851:
6849:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6814:Dorothea Lange
6811:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6780:
6778:
6774:
6773:
6771:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6739:
6737:
6733:
6732:
6730:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6687:Bessie Coleman
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6663:
6661:
6657:
6656:
6654:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6557:
6555:
6547:
6546:
6536:
6535:
6532:
6531:
6528:
6527:
6525:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6434:
6429:
6424:
6418:
6416:
6412:
6411:
6409:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6352:
6350:
6346:
6345:
6343:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6275:Eileen Collins
6272:
6267:
6265:Amelia Bloomer
6262:
6257:
6255:Virginia Apgar
6251:
6249:
6245:
6244:
6242:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6224:Nettie Stevens
6221:
6219:Muriel Siebert
6216:
6211:
6206:
6204:Linda Richards
6201:
6196:
6194:Maria Mitchell
6191:
6189:Louise McManus
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6144:Catherine East
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6115:
6113:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6093:Faye Wattleton
6090:
6085:
6080:
6078:Helen Stephens
6075:
6073:Gloria Steinem
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5998:Dolores Huerta
5995:
5993:Dorothy Height
5990:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5929:
5927:
5923:
5922:
5920:
5919:
5913:
5911:
5907:
5906:
5904:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5891:Barbara Jordan
5888:
5882:
5880:
5872:
5871:
5861:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5823:
5821:
5817:
5816:
5814:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5797:
5795:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5787:
5782:
5776:
5774:
5770:
5769:
5767:
5766:
5761:
5759:Belva Lockwood
5755:
5753:
5749:
5748:
5746:
5745:
5740:
5734:
5732:
5728:
5727:
5725:
5724:
5719:
5713:
5711:
5703:
5702:
5692:
5691:
5688:
5687:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5659:
5657:
5653:
5652:
5650:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5633:
5631:
5627:
5626:
5624:
5623:
5621:Harriet Tubman
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5601:Florence Sabin
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5581:Alice Hamilton
5578:
5576:Amelia Earhart
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5522:
5520:
5512:
5511:
5501:
5500:
5492:
5491:
5484:
5477:
5469:
5460:
5459:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5431:
5429:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5300:
5298:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5277:
5276:
5269:
5262:
5254:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5226:Janice E. Voss
5223:
5218:
5216:Ronald M. Sega
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5162:
5160:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5125:Eileen Collins
5122:
5116:
5114:
5110:
5109:
5100:
5097:
5096:
5084:
5083:
5076:
5069:
5061:
5055:
5054:
5047:
5046:External links
5044:
5043:
5042:
5028:
5020:Eileen Collins
5013:
5010:
5009:
5008:
4990:
4989:
4975:
4961:
4960:
4946:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4924:
4892:
4881:. 13 June 2006
4870:
4842:
4816:
4793:
4771:
4760:on 14 May 2013
4745:
4715:
4693:
4666:
4640:
4622:
4600:
4574:
4552:
4516:
4491:
4469:
4447:
4422:
4397:
4371:
4349:
4327:
4304:
4278:
4252:
4225:
4198:
4175:
4163:
4161:, p. 254.
4148:
4136:
4124:
4112:
4097:
4085:
4073:
4042:
4030:
4028:, p. 247.
4018:
4006:
3994:
3961:
3949:
3922:
3910:
3898:
3886:
3861:
3849:
3847:, p. 234.
3837:
3835:, p. 226.
3825:
3823:, p. 221.
3813:
3811:, p. 218.
3801:
3770:
3753:
3741:
3714:
3702:
3700:, p. 197.
3690:
3688:, p. 195.
3678:
3676:, p. 192.
3663:
3638:
3626:
3611:
3585:
3558:
3546:
3534:
3503:
3488:
3473:
3442:
3430:
3418:
3406:
3395:on 14 May 2021
3379:
3367:
3365:, p. 123.
3355:
3353:, p. 118.
3343:
3310:
3298:
3296:, p. 134.
3286:
3250:
3217:
3215:, p. 130.
3205:
3193:
3191:, p. 241.
3181:
3166:
3140:
3128:
3099:
3084:
3059:
3057:, p. 273.
3044:
3029:
3017:
2994:
2982:
2970:
2958:
2932:
2917:
2894:
2871:
2856:
2834:
2809:
2794:
2772:
2757:
2745:
2714:
2684:
2672:
2660:
2632:
2603:
2574:
2562:
2536:
2524:
2507:
2489:. April 2016.
2472:
2459:Houston, Texas
2424:
2412:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2353:
2338:
2335:
2204:
2201:
2151:
2148:
2046:service module
1992:Space Shuttle
1977:Wendy Lawrence
1960:Space Shuttle
1925:Soichi Noguchi
1904:in late 2001.
1865:Main article:
1862:
1859:
1765:Neil Armstrong
1652:. Originally,
1650:Michel Tognini
1616:Roosevelt Room
1580:Main article:
1577:
1574:
1429:Jerry Linenger
1409:Main article:
1406:
1403:
1237:Main article:
1234:
1231:
1121:Charles Bolden
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1076:Goodyear Blimp
1036:C-130 Hercules
997:Master of Arts
977:linear algebra
942:North Carolina
914:F-4 Phantom II
895:Johnston Atoll
760:Enid, Oklahoma
699:
696:
537:
534:
510:Space Shuttle
427:North Carolina
365:A graduate of
332:
331:
328:
327:
322:
318:
317:
314:
310:
309:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
296:
293:
289:
288:
266:
263:
260:
259:
242:
238:
237:
232:
228:
227:
224:
221:
218:
217:
208:
204:
203:
201:NASA astronaut
197:
196:
190:
189:
187:
186:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
154:
148:
143:
138:
132:
130:
126:
125:
88:
84:
83:
77:
59:
57:
53:
52:
49:
41:
40:
38:Eileen Collins
37:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8410:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8389:
8386:
8384:
8381:
8379:
8376:
8374:
8371:
8369:
8366:
8364:
8361:
8359:
8356:
8354:
8351:
8349:
8346:
8344:
8341:
8339:
8336:
8334:
8331:
8329:
8326:
8324:
8321:
8319:
8316:
8314:
8311:
8309:
8306:
8304:
8301:
8299:
8296:
8294:
8291:
8289:
8286:
8284:
8281:
8279:
8276:
8274:
8271:
8269:
8266:
8264:
8261:
8259:
8256:
8254:
8251:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8223:Living people
8221:
8220:
8218:
8208:
8198:
8196:
8186:
8184:
8174:
8173:
8170:
8157:
8154:
8152:
8149:
8147:
8144:
8143:
8141:
8137:
8131:
8128:
8126:
8125:Alfred Worden
8123:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8115:Jim Wetherbee
8113:
8111:
8110:Paul J. Weitz
8108:
8106:
8103:
8101:
8098:
8096:
8093:
8091:
8088:
8086:
8083:
8081:
8078:
8076:
8073:
8071:
8070:Loren Shriver
8068:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8053:
8051:
8048:
8046:
8043:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8033:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8025:Wally Schirra
8023:
8021:
8020:Jerry L. Ross
8018:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8010:Kent Rominger
8008:
8006:
8003:
8001:
7998:
7996:
7995:William Pogue
7993:
7991:
7988:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7976:
7975:George Nelson
7973:
7971:
7968:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7960:Pamela Melroy
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7945:Ken Mattingly
7943:
7941:
7940:Sandra Magnus
7938:
7936:
7935:Shannon Lucid
7933:
7931:
7928:
7926:
7923:
7921:
7918:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7910:David Leestma
7908:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7866:
7863:
7861:
7858:
7856:
7855:Steven Hawley
7853:
7851:
7848:
7846:
7843:
7841:
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7805:Edward Gibson
7803:
7801:
7800:Owen Garriott
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7790:Michael Foale
7788:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7761:
7758:
7756:
7753:
7751:
7748:
7746:
7743:
7741:
7738:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7730:Gordon Cooper
7728:
7726:
7723:
7721:
7718:
7716:
7713:
7711:
7710:Michael Coats
7708:
7706:
7703:
7701:
7698:
7696:
7693:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7681:
7678:
7676:
7673:
7671:
7668:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7628:
7626:
7625:Guion Bluford
7623:
7621:
7620:John E. Blaha
7618:
7616:
7613:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7601:
7598:
7596:
7593:
7591:
7588:
7587:
7585:
7581:
7577:
7570:
7565:
7563:
7558:
7556:
7551:
7550:
7547:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7481:Patricia Bath
7479:
7478:
7476:
7472:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7450:Emily Howland
7448:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7422:
7420:
7416:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7404:Toni Morrison
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7381:
7379:
7375:
7371:
7364:
7360:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7300:Gloria Allred
7298:
7297:
7295:
7291:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7269:Aimee Mullins
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7239:Matilda Cuomo
7237:
7236:
7234:
7230:
7224:
7223:Eleanor Smeal
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7188:Martha Graham
7186:
7184:
7183:Nancy Brinker
7181:
7179:
7176:
7175:
7173:
7169:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7157:Anna Schwartz
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7119:
7117:
7113:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7053:
7051:
7047:
7043:
7036:
7032:
7018:
7017:Kate Stoneman
7015:
7013:
7012:Susan Solomon
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6963:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6936:Winona LaDuke
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6913:
6911:
6907:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6865:Betty Bumpers
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6853:
6852:
6850:
6846:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6834:Anne Sullivan
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6781:
6779:
6775:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6740:
6738:
6734:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6702:Althea Gibson
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6664:
6662:
6658:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6558:
6556:
6552:
6548:
6541:
6537:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6512:Florence Wald
6510:
6508:
6507:Beverly Sills
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6477:Shannon Lucid
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6419:
6417:
6413:
6407:
6406:Edith Wharton
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6353:
6351:
6347:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6335:Pat Schroeder
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6252:
6250:
6246:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6229:Oprah Winfrey
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6209:Wilma Rudolph
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6129:Myra Bradwell
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6116:
6114:
6110:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6063:Elaine Roulet
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5973:Betty Friedan
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
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5944:
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5908:
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5897:
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5877:
5873:
5866:
5862:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
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5822:
5818:
5812:
5809:
5807:
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5802:
5799:
5798:
5796:
5792:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5771:
5765:
5764:Lucretia Mott
5762:
5760:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5750:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5733:
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5720:
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5714:
5712:
5708:
5704:
5697:
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5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5654:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5642:Margaret Mead
5640:
5638:
5637:Abigail Adams
5635:
5634:
5632:
5628:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5561:Rachel Carson
5559:
5557:
5556:Pearl S. Buck
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
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5537:
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5529:
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5438:
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5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
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5400:
5397:
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5387:
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5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
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5367:
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5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
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5350:
5347:
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5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
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5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5295:
5289:
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5284:
5281:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5268:
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5256:
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5248:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
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5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
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5187:
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5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
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5167:
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5157:
5151:
5148:
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5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5117:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5089:
5082:
5077:
5075:
5070:
5068:
5063:
5062:
5059:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5039:
5035:
5031:
5025:
5021:
5016:
5015:
5005:
5001:
4997:
4992:
4991:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4972:
4968:
4963:
4962:
4957:
4953:
4949:
4943:
4939:
4934:
4933:
4909:
4902:
4896:
4880:
4874:
4859:
4858:
4853:
4846:
4830:
4826:
4820:
4804:
4797:
4781:
4775:
4759:
4755:
4749:
4734:
4730:
4726:
4719:
4703:
4697:
4681:
4677:
4670:
4654:
4650:
4644:
4636:
4632:
4626:
4610:
4604:
4589:
4585:
4578:
4562:
4556:
4548:
4542:
4526:
4520:
4501:
4495:
4479:
4473:
4457:
4451:
4436:
4432:
4426:
4407:
4401:
4386:
4382:
4375:
4360:
4353:
4337:
4331:
4315:
4308:
4292:
4288:
4282:
4267:. 2 June 2011
4266:
4262:
4256:
4240:
4236:
4229:
4213:
4209:
4202:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4167:
4160:
4155:
4153:
4145:
4140:
4133:
4128:
4121:
4116:
4109:
4104:
4102:
4094:
4089:
4082:
4077:
4062:
4061:
4056:
4052:
4046:
4039:
4034:
4027:
4022:
4015:
4010:
4003:
3998:
3982:
3978:
3972:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3958:
3953:
3937:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3914:
3907:
3902:
3895:
3890:
3874:
3868:
3866:
3858:
3853:
3846:
3841:
3834:
3829:
3822:
3817:
3810:
3805:
3789:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3767:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3750:
3745:
3729:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3706:
3699:
3694:
3687:
3682:
3675:
3670:
3668:
3651:
3645:
3643:
3635:
3630:
3623:
3618:
3616:
3599:
3592:
3590:
3573:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3550:
3543:
3538:
3523:on 7 May 2009
3522:
3518:
3514:
3511:Funk, Wally.
3507:
3500:
3495:
3493:
3485:
3480:
3478:
3461:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3439:
3434:
3427:
3422:
3415:
3410:
3394:
3390:
3383:
3376:
3371:
3364:
3359:
3352:
3347:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3302:
3295:
3290:
3271:
3264:
3257:
3255:
3235:
3228:
3221:
3214:
3209:
3202:
3197:
3190:
3185:
3178:
3173:
3171:
3155:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3132:
3117:
3116:Texas Monthly
3113:
3106:
3104:
3096:
3091:
3089:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3056:
3051:
3049:
3041:
3036:
3034:
3026:
3021:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2986:
2979:
2974:
2967:
2962:
2946:
2939:
2937:
2929:
2924:
2922:
2905:
2898:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2863:
2861:
2844:
2838:
2822:
2816:
2814:
2806:
2801:
2799:
2782:
2776:
2769:
2764:
2762:
2754:
2749:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2721:
2719:
2703:. Spring 2022
2702:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2681:
2676:
2669:
2664:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2636:
2621:. p. 133
2620:
2619:
2614:
2607:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2578:
2572:, p. 22.
2571:
2566:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2533:
2528:
2521:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2487:
2486:Irish America
2482:
2476:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2453:
2446:
2441:
2440:Carr, Jeffrey
2435:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2421:
2416:
2400:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2376:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2346:
2341:
2340:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2285:in 2009, the
2284:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2272:Harmon Trophy
2269:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2214:
2209:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2177:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2134:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2113:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2039:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1945:
1944:Joint Airlock
1943:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1919:and Japanese
1918:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1858:
1856:
1855:Oprah Winfrey
1852:
1848:
1847:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1743:Space Shuttle
1739:
1735:
1733:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1684:
1678:Space Shuttle
1674:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1662:Steven Hawley
1659:
1655:
1654:Winston Scott
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1638:Jeffrey Ashby
1632:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1598:and director
1597:
1596:Jim Wetherbee
1593:
1589:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1546:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1500:Valeri Ryumin
1494:
1490:
1489:
1483:Space Shuttle
1476:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1425:Michael Foale
1422:
1418:
1412:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1289:Space Shuttle
1286:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1268:Space Shuttle
1264:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1253:Pamela Melroy
1250:
1246:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1148:Space Shuttle
1145:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1093:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1028:Lockheed TR-1
1025:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
961:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
923:
919:
915:
910:
906:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
877:in Japan and
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
837:, to fly the
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
803:
801:
797:
793:
788:
784:
780:
776:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
741:
736:
732:
730:
726:
722:
718:
713:
709:
705:
695:
693:
689:
688:visual acuity
685:
680:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
652:
648:
643:
641:
638:In 1975, the
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
601:
599:
598:
593:
592:
587:
586:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
548:
543:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
513:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
490:
485:
484:
478:Space Shuttle
475:
471:
467:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
413:. During the
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
360:Space Shuttle
357:
353:
349:
345:
342:
338:
329:
326:
323:
319:
315:
311:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
281:
276:
271:
267:
261:
258:
254:
250:
246:
243:
239:
236:
233:
229:
225:
222:Time in space
219:
216:
212:
209:
205:
202:
198:
195:
191:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
158:
155:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
133:
131:
127:
123:
119:
114:
110:
105:
101:
96:
92:
89:
85:
80:
73:(age 67)
58:
54:
47:
42:
35:
32:
27:
19:
8090:Jack Swigert
8075:Deke Slayton
8060:Alan Shepard
8015:Stuart Roosa
7880:Marsha Ivins
7780:Ronald Evans
7760:Charles Duke
7714:
7670:James Buchli
7665:Curtis Brown
7645:Ken Bowersox
7640:Frank Borman
7600:Scott Altman
7511:Loretta Ross
7486:Ruby Bridges
7430:Judy Chicago
7325:Rose O'Neill
7305:Angela Davis
7284:Alice Waters
7279:Janet Rowley
7274:Carol Mutter
7162:Emma Willard
7142:Nancy Pelosi
7137:Kate Millett
7002:Ruth Patrick
6997:Emma Lazarus
6982:Karen DeCrow
6977:Mildred Cohn
6672:Lucille Ball
6646:Eudora Welty
6621:Sophia Smith
6606:Kate Mullany
6462:Sarah Grimké
6427:Maya Angelou
6274:
6260:Ann Bancroft
6239:Fanny Wright
6159:Grace Hopper
6083:Lillian Wald
6038:Annie Oakley
6018:Mary Mahoney
5842:Mary Risteau
5832:Willa Cather
5785:Bessie Smith
5663:Dorothea Dix
5591:Helen Keller
5566:Mary Cassatt
5541:Clara Barton
5236:Peter Wisoff
5231:Carl E. Walz
5124:
5019:
4995:
4966:
4937:
4915:. Retrieved
4908:the original
4895:
4883:. Retrieved
4873:
4861:. Retrieved
4855:
4845:
4833:. Retrieved
4829:the original
4819:
4807:. Retrieved
4796:
4784:. Retrieved
4774:
4762:. Retrieved
4758:the original
4748:
4736:. Retrieved
4728:
4718:
4706:. Retrieved
4696:
4684:. Retrieved
4680:the original
4669:
4657:. Retrieved
4652:
4643:
4635:the original
4625:
4615:16 September
4613:. Retrieved
4603:
4593:16 September
4591:. Retrieved
4587:
4577:
4565:. Retrieved
4555:
4529:. Retrieved
4519:
4507:. Retrieved
4494:
4482:. Retrieved
4472:
4460:. Retrieved
4450:
4438:. Retrieved
4425:
4413:. Retrieved
4400:
4388:. Retrieved
4374:
4362:. Retrieved
4352:
4340:. Retrieved
4330:
4318:. Retrieved
4307:
4295:. Retrieved
4290:
4281:
4269:. Retrieved
4265:www.nasa.gov
4264:
4255:
4243:. Retrieved
4238:
4228:
4216:. Retrieved
4211:
4201:
4189:. Retrieved
4178:
4166:
4159:Houston 2013
4144:Houston 2013
4139:
4132:Houston 2013
4127:
4120:Houston 2013
4115:
4088:
4076:
4064:. Retrieved
4058:
4051:Yardley, Jim
4045:
4038:Houston 2013
4033:
4026:Houston 2013
4021:
4009:
3997:
3985:. Retrieved
3981:the original
3952:
3940:. Retrieved
3936:the original
3925:
3913:
3901:
3889:
3877:. Retrieved
3852:
3840:
3828:
3816:
3804:
3792:. Retrieved
3744:
3732:. Retrieved
3728:the original
3717:
3705:
3693:
3681:
3654:. Retrieved
3629:
3602:. Retrieved
3576:. Retrieved
3572:the original
3561:
3549:
3537:
3525:. Retrieved
3521:the original
3516:
3506:
3464:. Retrieved
3433:
3421:
3409:
3397:. Retrieved
3393:the original
3382:
3370:
3358:
3346:
3334:. Retrieved
3327:the original
3313:
3301:
3289:
3277:. Retrieved
3270:the original
3241:. Retrieved
3234:the original
3220:
3208:
3196:
3184:
3157:. Retrieved
3153:
3143:
3131:
3119:. Retrieved
3115:
3075:. Retrieved
3020:
3008:. Retrieved
2997:
2985:
2973:
2961:
2949:. Retrieved
2908:. Retrieved
2897:
2885:. Retrieved
2874:
2847:. Retrieved
2837:
2825:. Retrieved
2785:. Retrieved
2775:
2748:
2736:. Retrieved
2730:
2705:. Retrieved
2696:
2687:
2675:
2663:
2651:. Retrieved
2645:
2635:
2623:. Retrieved
2616:
2606:
2594:. Retrieved
2592:. p. 40
2587:
2577:
2565:
2553:. Retrieved
2549:the original
2539:
2534:, p. 2.
2527:
2498:. Retrieved
2484:
2475:
2451:
2415:
2403:. Retrieved
2344:
2337:Publications
2305:
2298:
2280:
2218:
2197:Donald Trump
2178:
2171:
2164:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2124:
2116:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2031:
2026:, where the
2014:, where the
1993:
1986:
1961:
1955:
1954:and then on
1951:
1949:
1941:
1933:Expedition 6
1929:Expedition 7
1908:
1906:
1890:Rick Husband
1882:
1844:
1842:
1833:
1820:
1819:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1799:
1796:
1784:
1758:
1747:
1724:
1705:
1696:
1682:
1675:
1642:Cady Coleman
1636:
1627:Bill Clinton
1600:George Abbey
1585:
1569:
1561:
1544:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1516:docked with
1513:
1509:
1508:
1492:
1487:
1480:
1470:
1445:
1440:
1432:
1420:
1414:
1400:
1395:
1374:carried the
1371:
1367:
1365:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1342:
1331:
1321:
1316:
1304:
1298:
1293:
1287:between the
1282:
1272:
1242:
1216:
1180:(ASCANs) in
1175:
1157:Near a NASA
1141:
1098:
1021:
1013:
962:
927:
924:in June 1990
899:Midway Atoll
843:Diego Garcia
804:
772:
745:
721:heart murmur
701:
676:
644:
637:
621:US Air Force
605:eighth grade
602:
595:
589:
583:
572:stenographer
556:Pennsylvania
539:
511:
487:
482:
463:
364:
336:
335:
321:Battles/wars
194:Space career
193:
31:
26:
8228:1956 births
8207:Spaceflight
8050:Rhea Seddon
8045:David Scott
8040:Dick Scobee
7980:Ellen Ochoa
7925:Jack Lousma
7900:Scott Kelly
7875:James Irwin
7860:Susan Helms
7830:Gus Grissom
7755:Brian Duffy
7725:Pete Conrad
7690:Gene Cernan
7685:Gerald Carr
7590:Buzz Aldrin
7516:Sandy Stone
7460:Indra Nooyi
7132:Julie Krone
6931:Swanee Hunt
6921:Julia Child
6885:Maya Y. Lin
6758:Bertha Holt
6692:Dorothy Day
6626:Ida Tarbell
6591:Jeanne Holm
6320:Maggie Kuhn
6119:Bella Abzug
6008:Mae Jemison
5978:Ella Grasso
5968:Alice Evans
5958:Ruth Colvin
5586:Helen Hayes
5526:Jane Addams
5211:Ellen Ochoa
5191:Susan Helms
5171:Leroy Chiao
4863:13 November
2251:, and four
2067:speed brake
2010:factory in
1984:was added.
1969:Andy Thomas
1769:Buzz Aldrin
1721:robotic arm
1644:and French
1555:Courvoisier
1458:astronaut,
1380:airsickness
1257:Susan Still
1187:Susan Helms
1137:Mary Cleave
1129:Rhea Seddon
1125:Hoot Gibson
928:During the
891:Wake Island
783:pilot wings
779:jet trainer
580:Girl Scouts
552:County Cork
395:pilot wings
8217:Categories
8130:John Young
8005:Sally Ride
7930:Jim Lovell
7895:Mark Kelly
7840:Fred Haise
7815:John Glenn
7315:Jane Fonda
7310:Sarah Deer
7122:Betty Ford
6611:Janet Reno
6457:Gerty Cori
6432:Nellie Bly
6124:Ella Baker
6043:Rosa Parks
5837:Sally Ride
5806:Lucy Stone
5673:Alice Paul
5241:David Wolf
4930:References
4835:16 October
4805:. Syracuse
4764:17 January
4686:8 February
4659:1 February
4531:31 January
4390:1 December
3578:8 February
3399:23 January
3077:19 January
3010:19 January
2910:19 January
2887:19 January
2787:21 January
2625:13 January
2596:13 January
2467:Wikisource
2405:15 January
2401:. May 2006
2363:1281565457
2150:Later life
2052:was docked
1994:Challenger
1988:Rick Hauck
1973:spacewalks
1923:astronaut
1717:fuel cells
1648:astronaut
1608:first lady
1592:Bob Cabana
1338:Mercury 13
1229:(CAPCOM).
1196:Washington
1133:Jerry Ross
1117:John Young
1052:Learjet 24
835:California
792:T-38 Talon
731:aircraft.
664:Cessna 150
536:Early life
411:California
399:T-38 Talon
356:test pilot
295:1 May 2006
292:Retirement
226:36d 7h 11m
67:1956-11-19
8195:Biography
8156:Astronaut
7775:Joe Engle
7615:Alan Bean
7445:Joy Harjo
7367:2020–2029
7039:2010–2019
6829:Sacagawea
6576:Mary Dyer
6544:2000–2009
6013:Mary Lyon
5869:1990–1999
5700:1980–1989
5509:1970–1979
5004:156912804
4985:218506039
4956:839395927
4729:chron.com
4385:SpaceNews
3977:"STS-114"
2707:1 October
2653:12 August
2495:0884-4240
2333:in 2022.
2278:in 2022.
2143:Discovery
2139:Discovery
2133:Discovery
2125:Discovery
2117:Discovery
2105:Discovery
2096:Discovery
2086:Discovery
2083:Atlantis,
2079:Endeavour
2075:Discovery
2071:actuators
2050:Discovery
2002:plant in
1956:Discovery
1913:Jim Kelly
1898:Dom Gorie
1875:With the
1814:Endeavour
1811:and
1809:Discovery
1807:, but in
1761:Apollo 11
1614:, in the
1396:Discovery
1392:Coca-Cola
1384:Phenergan
1372:Discovery
1345:Discovery
1328:Star City
1309:cosmonaut
1294:Discovery
1273:Discovery
1165:near the
1109:Don Puddy
1032:P-3 Orion
811:astronaut
738:With her
607:and then
483:Discovery
344:astronaut
316:1978–2005
231:Selection
87:Education
8183:Aviation
8120:Ed White
7440:Mia Hamm
5038:58478502
4541:cite web
4415:24 April
4297:4 August
4271:4 August
4245:4 August
4218:4 August
3788:"STS-93"
3650:"STS-84"
3460:"STS-63"
3121:3 August
2316:honorary
2235:with an
2110:Columbia
2090:Atlantis
2032:Columbia
1996:disaster
1964:disaster
1962:Columbia
1952:Atlantis
1909:Atlantis
1834:Columbia
1821:Columbia
1805:Columbia
1800:Columbia
1785:Columbia
1748:Columbia
1725:Columbia
1715:for the
1709:hydrogen
1697:Columbia
1689:Titan IV
1683:Columbia
1570:Atlantis
1537:Atlantis
1514:Atlantis
1510:Atlantis
1488:Atlantis
1074:and the
973:calculus
969:Colorado
912:With an
568:surveyor
514:disaster
512:Columbia
476:between
443:Colorado
391:Oklahoma
241:Missions
8169:Portals
8139:Related
7583:Members
5428:Related
4885:17 July
4809:20 July
4786:21 June
4567:21 June
4509:21 June
4484:13 June
4462:21 June
4440:17 July
4364:17 July
4320:16 July
4191:22 June
3987:22 June
3942:17 July
3879:21 June
3794:21 June
3734:20 June
3656:20 June
3604:20 June
3527:12 June
3466:18 June
3336:16 June
3279:16 June
3243:16 June
3159:16 June
2951:16 June
2738:15 June
2555:20 June
2500:14 June
2325:of the
2295:Houston
2215:in 2013
2167:colonel
2008:Thiokol
1902:STS-114
1894:STS-107
1877:STS-114
1867:STS-114
1861:STS-114
1755:mission
1504:Energia
1477:mission
1208:orbiter
1204:Florida
1171:Houston
946:Grenada
871:Okinawa
807:captain
752:Arizona
574:at the
562:in the
560:US Navy
530:colonel
506:STS-114
431:Grenada
352:colonel
350:(USAF)
257:STS-114
211:Colonel
5297:Groups
5113:Pilots
5036:
5026:
5002:
4983:
4973:
4954:
4944:
4917:4 June
4738:20 May
4708:20 May
4411:. NASA
4342:14 May
4066:13 May
2849:14 May
2827:14 May
2732:Flying
2493:
2454:
2361:
2351:
2239:, the
2227:, the
2223:, the
2195:under
2069:(RSB)
2063:rudder
2044:Zvezda
1753:STS-93
1713:oxygen
1604:STS-93
1582:STS-93
1576:STS-93
1558:cognac
1475:STS-84
1417:STS-84
1411:STS-84
1405:STS-84
1245:STS-63
1239:STS-63
1233:STS-63
1042:, the
1038:, the
883:Alaska
861:, and
851:Hawaii
805:Now a
498:STS-93
494:STS-84
470:STS-63
253:STS-93
249:STS-84
245:STS-63
129:Awards
81:, U.S.
4911:(PDF)
4904:(PDF)
4588:AVweb
4503:(PDF)
4409:(PDF)
3330:(PDF)
3323:(PDF)
3273:(PDF)
3266:(PDF)
3237:(PDF)
3230:(PDF)
2395:(PDF)
2371:Notes
2128:'
1942:Quest
1788:'
1745:
1728:'
1680:
1547:EO-23
1540:'
1496:'
1485:
1448:EO-17
1333:Buran
1291:
1270:
1064:F-111
1024:major
991:from
936:from
712:Texas
480:
449:from
421:from
7474:2024
7418:2022
7377:2020
7293:2019
7232:2017
7171:2015
7115:2013
7049:2011
6965:2009
6909:2007
6848:2005
6777:2003
6736:2002
6660:2001
6554:2000
6415:1998
6349:1996
6248:1995
6112:1994
5926:1993
5910:1991
5879:1990
5820:1988
5794:1986
5773:1984
5752:1983
5731:1982
5710:1981
5656:1979
5630:1976
5519:1973
5034:OCLC
5024:ISBN
5000:OCLC
4981:OCLC
4971:ISBN
4952:OCLC
4942:ISBN
4919:2023
4887:2022
4865:2021
4837:2018
4811:2020
4788:2022
4766:2007
4740:2021
4710:2021
4688:2016
4661:2023
4617:2022
4595:2022
4569:2022
4547:link
4533:2012
4511:2022
4486:2022
4464:2022
4442:2022
4417:2021
4392:2016
4366:2022
4344:2019
4322:2022
4299:2023
4273:2023
4247:2023
4220:2023
4193:2022
4068:2021
3989:2022
3944:2022
3881:2022
3796:2022
3736:2022
3658:2022
3606:2022
3580:2007
3529:2009
3468:2022
3401:2023
3338:2022
3281:2022
3245:2022
3161:2022
3123:2023
3079:2023
3012:2023
2953:2022
2912:2023
2889:2023
2851:2019
2829:2019
2789:2023
2740:2022
2709:2022
2655:2022
2627:2023
2598:2023
2557:2013
2502:2022
2491:ISSN
2463:NASA
2407:2021
2399:NASA
2359:OCLC
2349:ISBN
2174:USAA
1975:and
1921:JAXA
1771:and
1711:and
1646:CNES
1388:Chex
1255:and
1159:T-38
1135:and
1062:and
1034:and
1005:golf
975:and
897:and
859:Guam
845:via
777:, a
740:T-38
594:and
435:T-41
346:and
341:NASA
215:USAF
207:Rank
56:Born
2293:in
2247:,
2187:in
2181:CNN
2022:in
1562:Mir
1545:Mir
1533:Mir
1529:Mir
1522:Mir
1518:Mir
1493:Mir
1471:Mir
1456:ESA
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1433:Mir
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1368:Mir
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