372:, from which she wrote a number of letters to Cromwell complaining that she was kept in a state of virtual imprisonment with a meagre annual allowance of only £200. At first the Duchess attempted to reconcile with her husband, but when she received no reply to her 'kind letters' to the Duke, she declared to Cromwell in a letter dated 30 December 1536 that 'from this day forward I will never sue to the King, nor to none other, to desire my lord my husband to take me again'. On his part, Norfolk refused to give up Bess Holland, and attempted to persuade the Duchess to agree to a divorce, offering to return her jewels and apparel and give her a great part of his plate and stuff of household, but she rebuffed his offers. She received little or no support from her family. Her eldest son and daughter became estranged from her, while her brother condemned her behaviour.
256:
390:
183:
421:, who had displayed in his own heraldry the royal arms and insignia. On 12 December 1546 both Norfolk and Surrey were arrested and sent to the Tower. On 12 January 1547 Norfolk acknowledged that he had 'concealed high treason, in keeping secret the false acts of my son, Henry Earl of Surrey, in using the arms of St. Edward the Confessor, which pertain only to kings', and offered his lands to the King. Norfolk's family, including the Duchess, his daughter Mary, and his mistress,
360:
wounded her with a dagger. In three separate letters to
Cromwell the Duchess repeated the accusation that Norfolk had 'set his women to bind me till blood came out at my fingers' ends, and pinnacled me, and sat on my breast till I spit blood, and he never punished them'. Norfolk responded to the allegations by writing that 'I think the apparent false lies were never contrived by a wife of her husband that she doth daily increase of me'.
425:, all gave evidence against him. Surrey was beheaded on 19 January 1547, and on 27 January 1547 Norfolk was attainted by statute without trial. The dying King gave his assent to Norfolk's death by royal commissioners, and it was rumoured that he would be executed on the following day. He was saved by the King's death on 28 January and the council's decision not to inaugurate the new reign with bloodshed.
318:, and whom the Duchess described variously in her letters as a bawd, a drab, and 'a churl's daughter', 'which was but washer of my nursery eight years'. It appears the Duchess' anger caused her to exaggerate Bess Holland's inferior social status, as her family were probably minor gentry, and she eventually became a lady-in-waiting to
379:
I am of age to rule myself, as I have done these five years, since my husband put me away. Seeing that my lord my husband reckoned me to be so unreasonable, it were better that I kept me away, and keep my own house still, and trouble no other body. . . I pray you, my lord, take no displeasure with
359:
requested the
Duchess's brother to take her in, a suggestion he rejected. The Duchess wrote of her husband's abuse of her during this period, claiming that when she was recovering after the birth of her daughter, Mary, he had pulled her out of bed by the hair, dragged her through the house, and
307:'s wars, and accompanying him to Ireland when he was posted there in 1520–22. They had five children, and according to Graves, as late as 1524, when he became Duke of Norfolk, 'they appeared to be bonded by mutual love'. Elizabeth's father, meanwhile, had been executed for treason in May 1521.
363:
Continued cohabitation was clearly impossible, and on 23 March 1534 Norfolk forced a separation. According to the
Duchess, the Duke had ridden all night, and arriving home in a furious temper had locked her in a chamber and taken away all her jewels and apparel. She was sent to a house in
409:, both of whom favoured the reformed faith, gained influence with the King while the conservative Duke of Norfolk became isolated politically. The Duke attempted to form an alliance with the Seymours through a marriage between his widowed daughter,
341:, and at one time the Duchess told Chapuys that her husband had confided in her that Anne would be 'the ruin of all her family'. In 1531 the Duchess was exiled from court at Anne Boleyn's request for too freely declaring her loyalty to Catherine.
397:
The
Duchess's entreaties to Cromwell ceased with his fall from power in 1540. She and her brother were eventually reconciled, and at some time before 1547 he sent one of his daughters to live with her, whom the Duchess treated very generously.
302:
of 500 marks a year, although Surrey apparently never kept that promise. In her later letters she asserted that she had been a dutiful wife, continuing to serve at court daily 'sixteen years together' while her husband was absent in
290:
He and I had loved together two years, an my lord my husband had not sent immediately word after my lady and my lord's first wife was dead, he made suit to my lord my father, or else I had been married before
Christmas to my Lord of
238:
Elizabeth lived at home until at least 1508. According to Harris, Elizabeth's father saw that all his children received some education and her literacy is attested to by the fact that she was described by the poet
333:, with whom the King was infatuated. Late in 1530 it was noted that the Duchess was secretly conveying letters to Queen Catherine from Italy concealed in oranges, which Catherine passed on to the
295:
Elizabeth's father initially attempted to persuade Surrey to marry one of his other daughters, but according to
Elizabeth, 'He would have none of my sisters, but only me'.
380:
me, although I have not followed your lordship's good counsel, and your letters, as touching my lord my husband for to come home again, which I will never do in my life.
1703:
355:
Meanwhile, the
Duchess's own marriage continued to deteriorate. Norfolk refused to give up his mistress, and resolved to separate from his wife. Both Norfolk and
199:
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in 1553, and in Mary's first parliament (October–December 1553), his statutory attainder was declared void, thereby restoring him to the dukedom. He died at
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805:, and for Mary Howard with Henry FitzRoy, and that, appeased, the Duchess stopped plotting the restoration of Queen Catherine, and returned to court;
801:
In contradiction to Graves, Weir claims that Anne won the
Duchess's favour by arranging brilliant matches for Thomas Howard with the daughter of the
676:
Elizabeth later stated that Surrey 'had but little to take to when he married me first but his lands, and he was always a great player' (gambler);
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111:
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352:. When Anne was crowned queen on 1 June 1533, the Duchess refused to attend the coronation 'from the love she bore to the previous Queen'.
115:
459:, holding the child over a gold baptismal font which was kept in the Treasury and normally used only for the baptism of royal children.
1055:
Pollen, John
Hungerford. "Come. Philip Howard." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 4 Apr. 2013
1803:
527:
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569:(1520–1582), who married firstly Elizabeth Marney, secondly Gertrude Lyte, thirdly Mabel Burton, and fourthly Margaret Manning.
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263:
Before 8 January 1513, when she was only fifteen and he was in his late thirties, Elizabeth became the second wife of
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as an admirer, friend of the muses and his particular patron. Elizabeth came to court in 1509 as a lady-in-waiting to
1738:
1696:
802:
546:
503:
1574:
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annulled, the
Duchess remained staunchly loyal to Queen Catherine and antagonistic towards her husband's niece,
1637:
1607:
549:(1509–1572), and died 15 March 1530. Derby later married, as his second wife, Katherine's aunt, Dorothy Howard.
344:
According to Graves, the Duchess also quarrelled with Anne over Anne's insistence that the Duchess's daughter,
1793:
495:
418:
105:
282:. The young Elizabeth and Westmorland seem to have been mutually devoted, and years later, in a letter to
375:
Forsaken by almost everyone, the Duchess remained obdurate. On 3 March 1539, she wrote to Cromwell that:
1462:
Harris, Barbara. "Marriage Sixteenth-Century Style: Elizabeth Stafford and the Third Duke of Norfolk,"
1563:
1204:
389:
417:, but the effort was forestalled by the provocative conduct of the Duke's eldest son and heir,
182:
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1798:
1773:
207:
1615:
Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham
1585:
Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham
8:
1758:
530:. In 1548, after Surrey's execution, his children were placed in the care of their aunt,
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244:
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1198:
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Lady Katherine Howard (1518–1530), who by 9 December 1529 married, as his first wife,
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1633:
1603:
422:
334:
1656:
1529:
1486:
1424:
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1338:
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1252:
1200:
A general and heraldic dictionary of the peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland
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84:
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In July 1557 she officiated as godmother at the baptism of her great-grandson,
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406:
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During the long period in which King Henry VIII sought to have his marriage to
272:
1645:
1518:
1413:
1370:
1327:
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162:– 30 November 1558) was an English aristocrat. She was the eldest daughter of
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535:
467:
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62:
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222:, and in 1521 her own father suffered the same fate when he was beheaded on
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1569:
1467:
223:
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Elizabeth had earlier been promised in marriage to her father's ward,
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190:
Lady Elizabeth Stafford, born about 1497, was the eldest daughter of
170:. By marriage she became Duchess of Norfolk. Her abusive marriage to
25:
186:
Elizabeth Stafford's father, Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham
365:
299:
298:
Elizabeth brought Surrey a dowry of 2000 marks, and was promised a
74:
463:
449:
215:
1578:. Vol. 53. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 446–447.
393:
Framlingham Church, burial place of Elizabeth Stafford's husband
259:
Elizabeth Stafford's husband, Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
66:
470:. Her brother wrote a brief but apparently heartfelt epitaph:
314:, the daughter of his steward, with whom he lived openly at
1749:
Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, at thepeerage.com
1724:
Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies of Great Britain
1705:
Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies of Great Britain
1328:"Stafford, Henry, second duke of Buckingham (1455–1483)"
1285:"Stafford, Edward, third duke of Buckingham (1478–1521)"
1234:. Vol. XII (Part II). London: St Catherine Press.
428:
Norfolk remained in the Tower throughout the reign of
1414:"Howard, Thomas, third duke of Norfolk (1473–1554)"
1371:"Howard, Elizabeth, duchess of Norfolk (1497–1558)"
1644:
1519:"Stanley, Edward, third earl of Derby (1509–1572)"
1517:
1474:
1412:
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286:dated 28 September 1537, Elizabeth recalled that:
112:Lady Mary Howard, Duchess of Richmond and Somerset
1765:
1242:"Howard, Henry, earl of Northampton (1540–1614)"
1232:The Complete Peerage edited by Geoffrey H. White
555:(1519–1557), who married, on 28 November 1533,
506:, by whom he had two sons and three daughters,
1617:. Vol. IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City.
1157:"Howard, Henry, earl of Surrey (1516/17–1547)"
491:, Elizabeth had two sons and three daughters:
348:, should marry Henry VIII's illegitimate son,
1612:
1587:. Vol. I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City.
1203:. Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley. p.
1091:
612:
466:, and was buried in the Howard chapel in the
1655:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1582:
1528:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1485:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1423:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1380:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1337:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1294:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1251:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1166:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
567:Thomas Howard, 1st Viscount Howard of Bindon
116:Thomas Howard, 1st Viscount Howard of Bindon
1642:
1225:. Vol. VI. London: St Catherine Press.
1223:The Complete Peerage edited by Vicary Gibbs
1216:. Vol. II. London: St Catherine Press.
1214:The Complete Peerage edited by Vicary Gibbs
310:However, in 1527 Norfolk took a mistress,
1627:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1597:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
462:Elizabeth Howard died 30 November 1558 at
247:, and became the Queen's lifelong friend.
1759:Portrait of Elizabeth, Duchess of Norfolk
1754:Howard Chapel, Church of St Mary, Lambeth
452:. The Duchess was not named in his will.
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528:Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland
520:Henry Scrope, 9th Baron Scrope of Bolton
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254:
181:
109:Lady Katherine Howard, Countess of Derby
1727:. Vol. III. London: Henry Colburn.
1701:
1652:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1558:
1525:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1482:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1420:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1377:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1334:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1291:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1248:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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1163:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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164:Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham
128:Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham
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563:(1519–1536), by whom she had no issue.
280:Ralph Neville, 4th Earl of Westmorland
212:Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham
1708:. Vol. II. London: Henry Colburn
1466:Spring 1982, Vol. 15 Issue 3; 371-82
1456:English Aristocratic Women, 1450-1550
1238:
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512:Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton
478:A mother, sister, a friend most dear.
440:on 25 August 1554, and was buried at
198:(d. 1530). Her paternal grandmother,
1685:
1565:"Stafford, Edward (1478-1521)"
1472:
806:
773:
761:
749:
403:Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford
1744:Stafford family, Tudorplace website
474:Thou wast to me, both far and near,
13:
1476:"Anne (Anne Boleyn) (c.1500–1536)"
1458:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
516:Henry Berkeley, 7th Baron Berkeley
508:Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk
489:Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
432:. He was released and pardoned by
172:Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
96:Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
14:
1820:
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547:Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of Derby
504:John de Vere, 15th Earl of Oxford
1804:Household of Catherine of Aragon
1721:Wood, Mary Anne Everett (1846).
1702:Wood, Mary Anne Everett (1846).
1575:Dictionary of National Biography
572:Lady Muriel Howard (died young).
514:; Katherine Howard, who married
206:and hence sister-in-law of King
1230:Cokayne, George Edward (1959).
1221:Cokayne, George Edward (1926).
1212:Cokayne, George Edward (1912).
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1:
1809:Burials at St Mary-at-Lambeth
1784:16th-century English nobility
1690:. New York: Grove Weidenfeld.
1646:"Skelton, John (c.1460–1529)"
1411:Graves, Michael A.R. (2008).
1368:Graves, Michael A.R. (2004).
1147:
498:, (1516/7-1547), who married
265:Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey
233:
156:
53:30 November 1558 (aged 60-61)
40:
1676:UK public library membership
1613:Richardson, Douglas (2011).
1583:Richardson, Douglas (2011).
1549:UK public library membership
1506:UK public library membership
1444:UK public library membership
1401:UK public library membership
1358:UK public library membership
1315:UK public library membership
1272:UK public library membership
1187:UK public library membership
576:
496:Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
468:Church of St Mary-at-Lambeth
419:Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
210:. Her paternal grandfather,
174:, created a public scandal.
106:Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
63:Church of St Mary-at-Lambeth
7:
1688:The Six Wives of Henry VIII
1454:Harris, Barbara J. (2002).
869:, pp. 361, 362–3, 371.
250:
10:
1825:
1789:Daughters of English dukes
1779:16th-century English women
1643:Scattergood, John (2004).
1464:Journal of Social History,
413:, and Hertford's brother,
1516:Knafla, Louis A. (2008).
405:, and Henry's last wife,
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267:. He was the widower of
200:Lady Catherine Woodville
1681:(subscription required)
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1363:(subscription required)
1325:Davies, C.S.L. (2004).
1320:(subscription required)
1282:Davies, C.S.L. (2008).
1277:(subscription required)
1239:Croft, Pauline (2004).
1192:(subscription required)
1154:Brigden, Susan (2008).
146:Lady Elizabeth Stafford
1661:10.1093/ref:odnb/25661
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31:The Duchess of Norfolk
1686:Weir, Alison (1991).
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1491:10.1093/ref:odnb/557
1197:Burke, John (1831).
961:, pp. 224, 367.
925:, pp. 220, 359.
732:, pp. 224, 362.
704:, pp. 361, 365.
442:St. Michael's Church
226:for treason against
208:Edward IV of England
202:was sister of Queen
1473:Ives, E.W. (2004).
853:, pp. 218–19;
327:Catherine of Aragon
245:Catherine of Aragon
214:, was executed for
204:Elizabeth Woodville
1094:, pp. 416–17.
1092:Richardson IV 2011
973:, pp. 68–72;
615:, pp. 416–17.
613:Richardson IV 2011
559:illegitimate son,
534:who appointed the
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261:
188:
168:Lady Eleanor Percy
153:Duchess of Norfolk
138:Lady Eleanor Percy
119:Lady Muriel Howard
16:English aristocrat
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885:, pp. 67–8;
825:, pp. 363–4.
651:, pp. 54–5;
557:King Henry VIII's
542:, as their tutor.
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1799:1494 births
1774:1558 deaths
1570:Lee, Sidney
1262:10 December
1127:Knafla 2008
1116:Graves 2008
1088:Harris 2002
1043:Graves 2008
1027:Graves 2008
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718:Harris 2002
714:Graves 2004
653:Graves 2004
649:Harris 2002
633:Graves 2004
629:Harris 2002
601:Graves 2004
589:Harris 2002
532:Mary Howard
524:Jane Howard
446:Framlingham
438:Kenninghall
411:Mary Howard
385:Final years
346:Mary Howard
331:Anne Boleyn
320:Anne Boleyn
316:Kenninghall
218:in 1483 by
160: 1497
44: 1497
1768:Categories
1712:9 December
1678:required.)
1666:8 December
1638:1460992709
1608:1449966373
1551:required.)
1539:7 December
1508:required.)
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1446:required.)
1434:7 December
1403:required.)
1391:7 December
1360:required.)
1348:7 December
1317:required.)
1305:7 December
1274:required.)
1189:required.)
1177:7 December
1148:References
1104:Croft 2004
234:Early life
224:Tower Hill
82:(by birth)
1623:cite book
1593:cite book
807:Weir 1991
774:Weir 1991
762:Weir 1991
750:Weir 1991
577:Footnotes
540:John Foxe
92:Spouse(s)
26:Her Grace
1562:(1898).
1468:in JSTOR
366:Redbourn
335:Imperial
300:jointure
251:Marriage
80:Stafford
1572:(ed.).
464:Lambeth
450:Suffolk
216:treason
1695:
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522:; and
194:, and
178:Family
134:Mother
124:Father
85:Howard
67:Surrey
58:Buried
1568:. In
483:Issue
150:later
102:Issue
1714:2012
1693:ISBN
1668:2012
1634:ISBN
1629:link
1604:ISBN
1599:link
1541:2012
1498:2012
1436:2012
1393:2012
1350:2012
1307:2012
1264:2012
1179:2012
269:Anne
166:and
50:Died
37:Born
1657:doi
1530:doi
1487:doi
1425:doi
1382:doi
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1168:doi
487:By
448:in
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