513:), and had Empress Yifu accompany Yuan Wu to Qin Province. However, because he still hoped to welcome her back to the palace one day, he secretly told her to keep her hair uncut, rather than shaved like a Buddhist nun. At this time (spring of 540), however, Rouran made a major attack on Western Wei, and many officials thought that the attack was on behalf of Empress Yujiulü. Emperor Wen felt compelled to order Empress Yifu to commit suicide, and he did; Empress Yifu was 31 (by East Asian reckoning) when she died. Soon thereafter, Empress Yujiulü, who was pregnant, died during childbirth.
2042:
2408:
2398:
393:), seeking to resist Gao's control. Yuan Baoju served in Emperor Xiaowu's administration as a general. In 534, Emperor Xiaowu planned to act against Gao, but Gao discovered his plan and instead marched on Luoyang. Emperor Xiaowu decided to flee to Yuwen's territory, and Yuan Baoju accompanied Emperor Xiaowu in doing so, arriving at
501:), when Chang'an was taken by rebelling former Eastern Wei troops who had been taken captive previously by Western Wei, forcing Zhou and Crown Prince Qin to flee as well. Yuwen was eventually able to disengage after abandoning Luoyang, and he put down the rebellion, allowing Emperor Wen to return to Chang'an.
407:
relationship with
Emperor Xiaowu. Yuwen did not tolerate Emperor Xiaowu's incestuous relationships with Yuan Mingyue and two other cousins, and eventually he had Yuan Mingyue killed. Emperor Xiaowu became angry, and his relationship with Yuwen deteriorated. Around the new year 535, Yuwen poisoned
773:（时新都关中，务欲东讨，蠕蠕寇边，未遑北伐，故帝结婚以抚之。于是更纳悼后，命后逊居别宫，出家为尼。悼后犹怀猜忌，复徙后居秦州，依子秦州刺史武都王。帝虽限大计，恩好不忘，后密令养发，有追还之意。然事秘禁，外无知者。 六年春，蠕蠕举国度河，前驱已过夏，颇有言虏为悼后之故兴比役。帝曰：“岂有百万之众为一女子举也？虽然，致此物论，朕亦何颜以见将帅邪！”乃遣中常侍曹宠赍手敕令后自尽。后奉敕，挥泪谓宠曰：“愿至尊享千万岁，天下康宁，死无恨也。”因命武都王前，与之决。遗语皇太子，辞皆凄怆，因恸哭久之。侍御咸垂涕失声，莫能仰视。召僧设供，令侍婢数十人出家，手中落发。事毕，乃入室，引被自覆而崩，年三十一。)
342:
rehabilitation of Yuan Yu, however, Yuan Baoju was not impressed at her toleration of corruption, particularly by her lovers, and he secretly plotted with
Emperor Xiaoming to have her lovers killed. When this plot was discovered, he was stripped of the office he held. In 525, he married his wife
441:
Yuwen Tai publicly deferred to
Emperor Wen on most matters, but Yuwen held actual power, with Emperor Wen not being able to exercise much independent authority. Throughout the early years of his reign, there were serious doubts as to whether Western Wei would survive, as Eastern Wei was then the
535:
forced
Eastern Wei's Emperor Xiaojing to yield the throne to him, ending Eastern Wei and starting Northern Qi (as its Emperor Wenxuan). Emperor Wen therefore became the only claimant to the Northern Wei throne. Yuwen, declaring Northern Qi a rebel state, launched a major attack, but Gao Yang
482:
Later in 538, with
Western Wei then (temporarily) controlling the old Northern Wei capital Luoyang, but with Luoyang under attack, Emperor Wen (who had wanted to visit the imperial ancestral tombs in Luoyang) and Yuwen led troops to reinforce Luoyang's defenses, leaving the official Zhou Huida
341:
posthumously recreated Yuan Yu the Prince of Lintao, and Yuan Baoju and his brothers then observed a mourning period for their parents. Yuan Baoyue inherited the title, but Yuan Baoju did not possess any titles at the moment, although he was made a general. Despite
Empress Dowager Hu's
333:). Assuming that Yang Aofei and Lady Yang were in fact the same person, this also meant that Yuan Baoju grew up without either parent. He and his brothers remained at Zongzheng Temple and were released only after Emperor Xuanwu's death in 515. During the reign of Emperor Xuanwu's son
327:, Gao had him killed. At that time, Yang Aofei was pregnant, and she was permitted to give birth and then was executed. Emperor Xuanwu did not execute any of Yuan Yu's sons, but had them, including Yuan Baoju, put under arrest at Zongzheng Temple (
504:
Although the former
Empress Yifu had been deposed and made a Buddhist nun, Empress Yujiulü was still not happy about her presence in the capital. In 540, Emperor Wen therefore made Yuan Wu the governor of Qin Province (秦州, roughly modern
516:
In 548, Yuwen and Yuan Qin were on a grand tour of the provinces when
Emperor Wen grew ill, and when they heard the news, Yuwen returned to Chang'an quickly, although by the time they returned, Emperor Wen had recovered.
539:
In March 551, Emperor Wen died and was buried with honors due an emperor, with
Empress Yujiulü, although eventually Empress Yifu was buried with him. (It is not clear whether she displaced Empress Yujiulü or not.)
433:) the Prince of Qinghe, emperor, Gao's territory became known as Eastern Wei, with Yuan Shanjian (Emperor Xiaojing) as emperor, and Yuwen's territory became known as Western Wei, with Emperor Wen as emperor.
442:
much stronger state, and Gao Huan made repeated attempts to conquer
Western Wei. However, with Yuwen and other generals capably defending the territory, Western Wei was able to withstand Gao's assaults.
445:
In 535, Emperor Wen posthumously honored his father Yuan Yu as Emperor Wenjing, and he posthumously honored his mother Lady Yang as empress. He created his wife Princess Yifu empress, and her son
452:. His marriage with Empress Yifu was said to be a happy one, as she was virtuous and beautiful, and Emperor Wen respected her greatly. They had 12 children, although only Yuan Qin and Yuan Wu (
479:. Emperor Wen agreed, and divorced Empress Yifu, making her a Buddhist nun. He then married Yujiulü Anagui's daughter and created her empress. For a while, this brought peace with Rouran.
544:
succeeded him (as Emperor Fei of Western Wei). Some scholars speculated that Emperor Wen was poisoned to death by Hu Zhi, an associate of Yuwen Tai who was put in charge of imperial diet.
423:) the Prince of Puyang, who argued that Yuan Zan was too young, Yuwen changed his mind and made Yuan Baoju, then 27, emperor instead (as Emperor Wen). As Gao had earlier declared
297:) was Yang Aofei returned to Yuan Yu. Meanwhile, in 508, Yuan Yu himself was punished by Emperor Xuanwu for corruption. He was caned 50 times and demoted to the governorship of
1882:
383:
the Prince of Pingyang emperor (as Emperor Xiaowu). Emperor Xiaowu was not happy about Gao's hold on the military, and he entered into alliances with the independent generals
927:
1891:
222:, soon deteriorated as well, and around the new year 535, Yuwen Tai poisoned Emperor Xiaowu to death, making Yuan Baoju emperor. As Gao Huan had, late in 534, made
1048:
1556:
2025:
2005:
1970:
1293:
2001:
1989:
1962:
536:
himself commanded a large army to defend against the attack, and Western Wei not only did not make gains, but lost a number of provinces to Northern Qi.
2297:
1565:
958:
1966:
1083:
1846:
957:
1033:
1442:
2348:
1878:
1630:
1389:
1063:
1018:
1303:
1283:
1068:
1058:
1028:
1023:
1013:
1008:
949:
1921:
368:, for which Yuan Baoju would eventually become emperor.) In 528, Emperor Xiaoming created him the Marquess of Shao County, and in 530,
1053:
1043:
1038:
2041:
1549:
1495:
1437:
1298:
978:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
2267:
1913:
1862:
1834:
1830:
1542:
525:
1822:
885:
830:
465:, Yuwen first tried to alleviate the situation by marrying a daughter of a member of the imperial clan to Yujiulü Tahan (
489:) and Crown Prince Qin in Chang'an. However, with the forces engaged in battle, Emperor Wen eventually became stuck at
1640:
1401:
369:
317:
had murdered the emperor and declaring himself emperor. Yuan Yu's rebellion was soon defeated by the general Li Ping (
287:. Consequently, Empress Yu once summoned Yang Aofei to the palace, beat her severely, and then forced her to become a
338:
2282:
2272:
234:
dynasty. Emperor Wen's relationship with Yuwen Tai appeared cordial, but he was unable to exercise much real power.
2368:
1826:
1818:
1767:
1625:
1605:
1590:
1384:
1364:
1349:
620:
334:
2447:
1734:
1678:
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1369:
942:
559:
424:
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223:
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1724:
1660:
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1620:
1421:
1411:
1379:
901:
532:
380:
261:
226:(Emperor Xiaojing of Eastern Wei)—the son of Emperor Wen's cousin Yuan Dan (元亶)—emperor, thus establishing the
203:
48:
346:, the daughter of a moderately prominent aristocratic family. (In his youth, Yuan Baoju was described by the
1858:
1787:
1782:
1772:
1595:
1585:
1354:
1344:
1245:
825:
607:
Concubine, of the Xi clan (嫔席氏) personal name Huihua (晖华), daughter of Xi Qi, Governor of Qinzhou (刺史席器)
1906:
1777:
1706:
1519:
653:
1929:
2457:
1729:
1701:
1514:
935:
919:
580:
541:
446:
230:, Emperor Wen is therefore regarded as Western Wei's founding emperor, formalizing the division of the
63:
520:
In 549, Emperor Wen issued an edict—probably as Yuwen requested—ordering that the names of the ethnic
475:, but then, believing that to be insufficient, he asked Emperor Wen to divorce Empress Yifu and marry
284:
1810:
564:
Mother: Empress Wenjing, of the Yang clan (文景皇帝 杨氏, 481 – 9 December 509), personal name Aofei (奥妃)
2411:
352:
as frivolous, alcoholic, and sexually immoral, but this description is highly suspect in that the
1802:
908:
1899:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1854:
1850:
1842:
1806:
1181:
982:
1838:
1814:
1798:
283:
Yuan Yu favored Yang Aofei but not his wife, Princess Yu, a sister to Emperor Xuanwu's wife
2243:
2231:
8:
2442:
2437:
1954:
2158:
2136:
2089:
2077:
1958:
2378:
1569:
1199:
2312:
2223:
2093:
476:
2073:
1645:
1534:
1406:
764:. His biography also indicated that he was 45 (by East Asian reckoning) when he died.
397:
in late 534. Also accompanying Emperor Xiaowu was Yuan Baoju's sister Yuan Mingyue (
2227:
2189:
2173:
2132:
2128:
2097:
2069:
2029:
2009:
528:
during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen, be changed back to the original Xianbei names.
472:
417:) the Prince of Guangping the new emperor. However, under suggestion of Yuan Shun (
1933:
1255:
195:
2317:
2219:
2101:
2081:
218:. However, Emperor Xiaowu's relationship to the general that he then depended on,
1314:
1240:
142:
2124:
2085:
1923:
2307:
836:
702:
married Wei Shikang (韦世康) a son of Wei Xiong (韦夐), and had issue ( three sons)
305:). In anger, he rebelled at the capital of Ji Province, Xindu (信都, in modern
202:
of China. In 534, Yuan Baoju, then the Prince of Nanyang, followed his cousin
2426:
2302:
2277:
2166:
1759:
1204:
2358:
2353:
1577:
1259:
1232:
1219:
1119:
1073:
962:
574:
449:
343:
231:
52:
2151:
1716:
1688:
1670:
1480:
1465:
1319:
1288:
1194:
1138:
1133:
1078:
970:
966:
880:
675:
394:
365:
361:
348:
298:
227:
211:
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179:
119:
30:
2322:
1224:
1214:
1209:
1189:
1168:
1152:
1093:
1088:
124:
2401:
411:
Initially, Yuwen was poised to make Emperor Xiaowu's nephew Yuan Zan (
2343:
2327:
1655:
1635:
1416:
1396:
711:
613:
494:
384:
265:
219:
73:
694:
married Dou Zhao (窦照), a son of Dou Yi (窦毅), and had issue (one son)
274:). He had three other brothers, at least one of whom, Yuan Baoyue (
2287:
1749:
1600:
1447:
1359:
1326:
1098:
506:
490:
376:
357:
314:
306:
288:
215:
214:, after a fallout between Emperor Xiaowu and the paramount general
2292:
1936:(includes chieftains, members, noblemen, consorts and descendants)
1744:
521:
375:
In 532, after several years of civil war, the victorious general
324:
291:
nun. Only after the intercession of Empress Yu's father Yu Jing (
247:
207:
174:
162:
462:
404:
558:
Father: Yuan Yu, Emperor Wenjing (文景皇帝 元愉; 488 – 508), son of
992:
974:
510:
498:
310:
302:
243:
167:
577:, of the Yifu clan (文皇后 乙弗氏, 510 – spring 540, married 525)
596:
Empress Dao, of the Yujiulü clan (悼皇后 郁久閭氏, 525 – 540)
461:
In 538, with Western Wei under the threat of attack by
1564:
710:
married Yuwen Zhen, Duke Songxian (宋獻公 宇文震), a son of
616:(晋安公主, d. 616), personal name Humo (胡摩), 5th daughter
471:), the brother of Rouran's Chiliantoubingdoufa Khan
683:Princess Guangning (广宁公主, 543 – 590), 3rd daughter
2056:
662:Yuan Ning, Prince of Zhao (趙王 元寧, d. 557), 6th son
323:), and during his being delivered to the capital
2424:
760:era, per Emperor Wen's biography in volume 5 of
313:), alleging falsely that Emperor Xuanwu's uncle
650:Yuan Jin, Prince of Jin (晋王元謹, d. 547), 2nd son
610:Yuan Ru, Prince of Yan (燕王元儒, d. 557 ), 9th son
1907:
1550:
943:
756:day of the 3rd month of the 17th year of the
638:married Li Yan (李衍), Duke of Zhenxiang (真乡郡公)
484:
466:
453:
428:
418:
412:
398:
388:
328:
318:
292:
275:
269:
251:
190:((西)魏文帝) (507 – 28 March 551), personal name
737:day of the 1st month of the 1st year of the
242:Yuan Baoju was born in 507, a member of the
2207:
659:Yuan Jian, Prince of Liang (梁王 元儉), 5th son
427:, the son of Yuan Baoju's cousin Yuan Dan (
150:
2397:
1914:
1900:
1557:
1543:
950:
936:
656:, Emperor Gong (恭帝 元廓 537? – 557), 4th son
256:), the Prince of Jingzhao, was the son of
583:, Emperor Fei (廢帝元欽, 525? – 554), 1st son
686:married Yu Yi (于仪), a son of Yu Jin (于谨)
678: (尉遲迥) and had issue (one daughter)
586:Yuan Wu, Prince of Wudu (武都王元戊), 3rd son
264:. His mother was recorded as Yuan Yu's
458:) the Prince of Wudu survived infancy.
2425:
671:Princess Jinming (金明公主), 1st daughter
630:married Xin Wei (辛威), Duke of Su (宿国公)
280:), was older, and born of Yang Aofei.
260:and a younger brother of the reigning
16:Emperor of Western Wei from 535 to 551
1895:
1538:
931:
803:
801:
741:era, per Emperor Wen's biography in
2261:and descendants of the Yujiulü clan
372:created him the Prince of Nanyang.
13:
14:
2469:
798:
2407:
2406:
2396:
2040:
621:Emperor Xiaomin of Northern Zhou
560:Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei
902:Emperor Xiaowu of Northern Wei
810:
789:
780:
767:
747:
728:
270:
204:Emperor Xiaowu of Northern Wei
40:18 February 535 – 28 March 551
1:
1847:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
826:History of Northern Dynasties
237:
973:(includes chieftains of the
795:Later Duke of Yan Commandery
721:
337:, Emperor Xiaoming's mother
206:in fleeing from the capital
7:
2259:Members, noblemen, consorts
816:later Duke of Wei Commande
807:Executed in 557 by Yuwen Hu
10:
2474:
920:Emperor Fei of Western Wei
188:Emperor Wen of Western Wei
22:Emperor Wen of Western Wei
2387:
2336:
2258:
2238:
2214:
2200:
2184:
2165:
2150:
2143:
2119:
2112:
2049:
2038:
2020:
1996:
1984:
1977:
1949:
1942:
1796:
1758:
1715:
1687:
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1576:
1502:
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1312:
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1179:
1163:
1147:
1126:
1114:
1107:
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990:
916:
906:
898:
893:
547:
485:
477:Yujiulü Anagui's daughter
467:
454:
429:
419:
413:
399:
389:
379:made Yuan Baoju's cousin
329:
319:
293:
276:
252:
173:
161:
148:
141:
137:Dàtǒng (大統): 535-551
136:
131:
118:
113:
109:
99:
91:
83:
79:
69:
59:
44:
36:
28:
21:
699:Princess Xiangle (襄樂公主)
436:
909:Emperor of Northern Wei
691:Princess Yiyang (义阳公主)
531:In 550, Gao Huan's son
132:Era name and dates
2448:Northern Wei Buddhists
250:. His father Yuan Yu (
2453:Emperors from Luoyang
2433:Northern Wei emperors
569:Consort and issue(s):
194:(元寶炬), was the first
1646:Prince of Changguang
1631:Daughter of Xiaoming
1601:Prince Yin of Nan'an
1407:Prince of Changguang
1360:Prince Yin of Nan'an
590:Unnamed ten children
526:changed to Han names
301:(冀州, modern central
403:) -- who was in an
200:Western Wei dynasty
104:Yong Mausoleum (永陵)
1570:Northern dynasties
1402:Emperor Xiaozhuang
1200:Son of Tuoba Pugen
991:Chieftains of the
370:Emperor Xiaozhuang
339:Empress Dowager Hu
149:Emperor Wén (文皇帝,
2458:Founding monarchs
2420:
2419:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2196:
2195:
2180:
2179:
2108:
2107:
2065:
2036:
2035:
2016:
2015:
1937:
1889:
1888:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1459:
1458:
1333:
1332:
1237:
1229:
1175:
1174:
1159:
1158:
926:
925:
917:Succeeded by
360:, an official of
185:
184:
157:
156:
2465:
2410:
2409:
2400:
2399:
2212:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2148:
2147:
2117:
2116:
2113:Middle Khaganate
2059:
2054:
2053:
2050:Former Khaganate
2044:
1982:
1981:
1947:
1946:
1928:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1893:
1892:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1536:
1535:
1486:
1485:
1472:Emperor Xiaojing
1385:Emperor Xiaoming
1365:Emperor Wencheng
1350:Emperor Mingyuan
1274:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1235:
1227:
1112:
1111:
999:
998:
952:
945:
938:
929:
928:
899:Preceded by
891:
890:
817:
814:
808:
805:
796:
793:
787:
784:
778:
771:
765:
751:
745:
732:
488:
487:
470:
469:
457:
456:
432:
431:
422:
421:
416:
415:
402:
401:
392:
391:
387:and Heba Sheng (
335:Emperor Xiaoming
332:
331:
322:
321:
296:
295:
279:
278:
273:
272:
255:
254:
152:
111:
110:
19:
18:
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2462:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2383:
2332:
2260:
2246:
2234:
2201:Later Khaganate
2192:
2185:Re-unified rule
2176:
2161:
2139:
2104:
2058:
2045:
2032:
2021:Re-unified rule
2012:
1992:
1973:
1938:
1927:
1926:of Rouran tribe
1920:
1890:
1885:
1792:
1754:
1711:
1683:
1665:
1572:
1563:
1533:
1524:
1498:
1490:
1474:
1455:
1431:Self-proclaimed
1426:
1375:Emperor Xiaowen
1370:Emperor Xianwen
1329:
1317:
1308:
1269:
1250:
1241:Tuoba Shiyijian
1228:(re-succession)
1171:
1164:Re-unified rule
1155:
1143:
1122:
1103:
986:
956:
922:
913:
904:
821:
820:
815:
811:
806:
799:
794:
790:
785:
781:
772:
768:
752:
748:
733:
729:
724:
707:Lady Yuan (元氏)
635:Lady Yuan (元氏)
627:Lady Yuan (元氏)
614:Princess Jin'an
550:
493:(恆農, in modern
439:
364:, the rival of
356:was written by
258:Emperor Xiaowen
240:
143:Posthumous name
123:
105:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2471:
2461:
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2337:related people
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2240:
2236:
2235:
2218:
2216:
2209:
2202:
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2110:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2068:
2066:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1986:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1953:
1951:
1944:
1940:
1939:
1919:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1896:
1887:
1886:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1764:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1693:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1562:
1561:
1554:
1547:
1539:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1492:
1483:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1422:Emperor Xiaowu
1419:
1417:Emperor Houfei
1414:
1412:Emperor Jiemin
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1382:
1380:Emperor Xuanwu
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1313:Honoured then
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1280:
1278:
1271:
1262:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1230:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1186:
1184:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1084:Tuoba Shamohan
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1005:
1003:
996:
988:
987:
955:
954:
947:
940:
932:
924:
923:
918:
915:
905:
900:
896:
895:
894:Regnal titles
889:
888:
877:
837:Zizhi Tongjian
833:
819:
818:
809:
797:
788:
779:
766:
746:
726:
725:
723:
720:
719:
718:
717:
716:
715:
714:
705:
704:
703:
697:
696:
695:
689:
688:
687:
681:
680:
679:
669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
651:
644:
643:
642:
641:
640:
639:
633:
632:
631:
625:
624:
623:
611:
605:
604:
603:
594:
593:
592:
587:
584:
566:
565:
562:
549:
546:
473:Yujiulü Anagui
438:
435:
408:him to death.
262:Emperor Xuanwu
239:
236:
183:
182:
177:
171:
170:
165:
159:
158:
155:
154:
146:
145:
139:
138:
134:
133:
129:
128:
116:
115:
107:
106:
103:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
49:Emperor Xiaowu
46:
42:
41:
38:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2470:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2413:
2405:
2403:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2386:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2359:Ashina Yandou
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2349:Ashina Natalu
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2257:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2175:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2043:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1943:Pre-khaganate
1941:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1917:
1912:
1910:
1905:
1903:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1760:Northern Zhou
1757:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1560:
1555:
1553:
1548:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1467:
1462:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1355:Emperor Taiwu
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1345:Emperor Daowu
1343:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1247:
1246:Emperor Daowu
1244:
1242:
1239:
1236:(restoration)
1234:
1231:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1178:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1000:
997:
994:
989:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
953:
948:
946:
941:
939:
934:
933:
930:
921:
912:
910:
903:
897:
892:
886:
883:
882:
878:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
838:
834:
831:
828:
827:
823:
822:
813:
804:
802:
792:
783:
776:
770:
763:
759:
755:
750:
744:
740:
736:
731:
727:
713:
709:
708:
706:
701:
700:
698:
693:
692:
690:
685:
684:
682:
677:
673:
672:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
648:
646:
645:
637:
636:
634:
629:
628:
626:
622:
618:
617:
615:
612:
609:
608:
606:
601:
600:Unnamed child
598:
597:
595:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
578:
576:
573:
572:
571:
570:
563:
561:
557:
556:
555:
554:
545:
543:
537:
534:
529:
527:
523:
518:
514:
512:
508:
502:
500:
496:
492:
480:
478:
474:
464:
459:
451:
448:
443:
434:
426:
425:Yuan Shanjian
409:
406:
396:
386:
382:
378:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
350:
345:
340:
336:
326:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
290:
286:
281:
267:
263:
259:
249:
245:
235:
233:
229:
225:
224:Yuan Shanjian
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
181:
178:
176:
172:
169:
166:
164:
160:
147:
144:
140:
135:
130:
126:
121:
117:
112:
108:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
65:
62:
58:
54:
50:
47:
43:
39:
35:
32:
27:
20:
2402:Surname list
2379:Puliuru Jian
2373:
2354:Ashina Tumen
2239:Western area
2215:Eastern area
2208:Divided rule
2144:Divided rule
2120:Unified rule
2061:
2057:Unified rule
1997:Western area
1985:Eastern area
1978:Divided rule
1950:Unified rule
1924:Yujiulü clan
1835:N. Dynasties
1831:S. Dynasties
1696:
1578:Northern Wei
1520:Emperor Gong
1509:
1489:Posthumously
1479:Emperors of
1464:Emperors of
1268:Posthumously
1260:Northern Wei
1233:Tuoba Yihuai
1220:Tuoba Yihuai
1148:Western area
1127:Central area
1120:Tuoba Luguan
1115:Eastern area
1108:Divided rule
1074:Tuoba Jiefen
1034:Tuoba Tuiyin
1002:Unified rule
983:state of Dai
963:Northern Wei
907:
879:
835:
824:
812:
791:
782:
774:
769:
761:
757:
753:
749:
742:
738:
734:
730:
599:
589:
568:
567:
552:
551:
538:
530:
519:
515:
503:
481:
460:
450:crown prince
444:
440:
410:
374:
353:
347:
282:
268:Yang Aofei (
246:clan of the
241:
232:Northern Wei
191:
187:
186:
127:: Bǎojù (寶炬)
95:28 March 551
53:Northern Wei
2392:Family tree
2374:Tuoba Baoju
1827:16 Kingdoms
1717:Northern Qi
1689:Western Wei
1671:Eastern Wei
1515:Emperor Fei
1510:Emperor Wen
1481:Western Wei
1466:Eastern Wei
1443:Yuan Faseng
1320:temple name
1289:Tuoba Huang
1195:Tuoba Pugen
1139:Tuoba Pugen
1134:Tuoba Yituo
1079:Tuoba Liwei
971:Western Wei
967:Eastern Wei
881:Book of Wei
676:Yuchi Jiong
665:Seventh son
575:Empress Wen
366:Western Wei
362:Eastern Wei
354:Book of Wei
349:Book of Wei
299:Ji Province
228:Eastern Wei
180:Western Wei
120:Family name
45:Predecessor
31:Western Wei
29:Emperor of
2443:551 deaths
2438:507 births
2427:Categories
2323:Ru Zhijuan
2278:Zuo Zhaoyi
1819:3 Kingdoms
1641:Xiaozhuang
1315:posthumous
1225:Tuoba Hena
1215:Tuoba Hena
1210:Tuoba Heru
1205:Tuoba Yulü
1190:Tuoba Yilu
1180:Rulers of
1169:Tuoba Yilu
1153:Tuoba Yilu
1094:Tuoba Chuo
1089:Tuoba Xilu
1064:Tuoba Kuai
1019:Tuoba Guan
911:(Western)
884:, vol. 22
786:Died young
668:Eight son
405:incestuous
285:Empress Yu
238:Background
192:Yuan Baoju
125:Given name
122:: Yuán (元)
2344:Afuzhiluo
2328:Wang Anyi
2308:Chidilian
2244:Dengshuzi
2232:Anluochen
1322:retracted
1304:Yuan Huai
1294:Yuan Shao
1284:Tuoba Shi
1069:Tuoba Lin
1059:Tuoba Gai
1029:Tuoba Yue
1024:Tuoba Lou
1014:Tuoba Huo
1009:Tuoba Mao
977:clan and
829:, vol. 5
722:Reference
712:Yuwen Tai
495:Sanmenxia
385:Yuwen Tai
344:Lady Yifu
266:concubine
220:Yuwen Tai
74:Yuwen Tai
60:Successor
2412:Category
2369:Tuoba Xu
2364:Tuoba Ke
2288:Tuoba Yu
2167:Huaishuo
2159:Poluomen
2137:Poluomen
2090:Tuhezhen
2078:Buluzhen
2026:Heduohan
2006:Heduohan
1971:Disuyuan
1959:Cheluhui
1735:Xiaozhao
1679:Xiaojing
1626:Xiaoming
1606:Wencheng
1591:Mingyuan
1566:Emperors
1491:honoured
1452:Yuan Yue
1448:Yuan Hao
1390:Daughter
1327:Yuan Xie
1277:Honoured
1270:honoured
1256:Emperors
1099:Tuoba Fu
1054:Tuoba Ji
1049:Tuoba Si
1044:Tuoba Qi
1039:Tuoba Li
959:Emperors
914:535–551
840:, vols.
777:, vol.13
674:married
654:Yuan Kuo
647:Unknown
619:married
581:Yuan Qin
542:Yuan Qin
533:Gao Yang
507:Tianshui
491:Hengnong
447:Yuan Qin
395:Chang'an
381:Yuan Xiu
377:Gao Huan
358:Wei Shou
315:Gao Zhao
307:Hengshui
289:Buddhist
216:Gao Huan
212:Chang'an
153:"civil")
64:Yuan Qin
2224:Dengzhu
2094:Yucheng
2002:Wenheti
1990:Pihouba
1963:Tunugui
1930:Khagans
1768:Xiaomin
1740:Wucheng
1725:Wenxuan
1616:Xiaowen
1611:Xianwen
1568:of the
1496:Yuan Yu
1438:Yuan Yu
1299:Yuan Yu
981:of the
775:Bei Shi
762:Bei Shi
743:Bei Shi
739:Da'tong
735:wu'shen
553:Parents
522:Xianbei
325:Luoyang
248:Xianbei
208:Luoyang
198:of the
196:emperor
175:Dynasty
2298:Ruowen
2273:Zhaoyi
2228:Kangti
2190:Anagui
2174:Anagui
2133:Anagui
2129:Chounu
2098:Doulun
2070:Shelun
2030:Shelun
2010:Shelun
1955:Mugulü
1934:Rouran
1859:W. Xia
1750:Youzhu
1745:Houzhu
1661:Xiaowu
1656:Houfei
1651:Jiemin
1636:Youzhu
1621:Xuanwu
1503:Ruling
1397:Youzhu
1338:Ruling
979:rulers
758:Datong
754:gengxu
548:Family
463:Rouran
100:Burial
70:Regent
2318:Furen
2268:Puhun
2220:Tiefa
2152:Xihai
2102:Nagai
2082:Datan
2062:fanli
2028:&
2008:&
1803:Shang
1596:Taiwu
1586:Daowu
993:Tuoba
975:Tuoba
602:(540)
511:Gansu
499:Henan
468:郁久閭塔寒
437:Reign
311:Hebei
303:Hebei
244:Tuoba
163:House
114:Names
37:Reign
2303:Ruru
2283:Gong
2169:rule
2154:rule
2125:Futu
2086:Wuti
2074:Hulü
1967:Bati
1922:The
1875:Qing
1871:Ming
1867:Yuan
1855:Song
1851:Liao
1843:Tang
1807:Zhou
1788:Jing
1783:Xuan
1773:Ming
1707:Gong
1318:and
995:clan
969:and
168:Yuan
151:lit.
92:Died
84:Born
24:西魏文帝
2313:Dao
1932:of
1883:PRC
1879:ROC
1863:Jīn
1839:Sui
1823:Jìn
1815:Han
1811:Qin
1799:Xia
1730:Fei
1702:Fei
1697:Wen
1258:of
1182:Dai
961:of
874:164
870:163
866:162
862:161
858:160
854:159
850:158
846:157
842:156
486:周惠達
400:元明月
390:賀拔勝
330:宗正寺
277:元寶月
271:杨奥妃
210:to
87:507
2429::
2293:Pi
1881:/
1877:→
1873:→
1869:→
1865:→
1861:/
1857:/
1853:/
1849:→
1845:→
1841:→
1837:→
1833:/
1829:→
1825:/
1821:→
1817:→
1813:→
1809:→
1805:→
1801:→
1778:Wu
965:,
872:,
868:,
864:,
860:,
856:,
852:,
848:,
844:,
800:^
524:,
509:,
497:,
455:元戊
430:元亶
420:元順
414:元贊
320:李平
309:,
294:于勁
253:元愉
2230:→
2226:→
2222:→
2135:→
2131:→
2127:→
2100:→
2096:→
2092:→
2088:→
2084:→
2080:→
2076:→
2072:→
2064:)
2060:(
2004:→
1969:→
1965:→
1961:→
1957:→
1915:e
1908:t
1901:v
1558:e
1551:t
1544:v
985:)
951:e
944:t
937:v
887:.
876:.
832:.
483:(
55:)
51:(
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