233:
539:
4654:
4758:
4280:
3429:
4294:
1764:
4641:
4455:
3355:
4783:
363:
4796:
54:
4468:
4430:
4418:
4406:
1615:
2833:
3277:
3240:
1734:
4733:
4680:
1660:
1779:
1870:
1573:
4667:
4901:
4508:
4442:
1719:
4771:
4746:
1809:
5127:
4706:
2514:
4480:
2989:
2300:
5140:
5114:
3177:
2634:
4547:
4521:
4040:
2958:
1749:
1705:
1630:
4720:
3115:
2343:
4693:
3316:
4914:
4583:
3146:
2386:
2009:
4596:
3053:
2759:
2107:
4628:
4559:
4263:
1829:
1690:
1675:
2474:
2265:
2044:
5450:
Great of
Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, Maria Theresa of Austria, were alike infatuated with the idea of strengthening their power, centralizing government in their own hands as against local and feudal privileges, and so acquiring more absolute authority in the state. Moreover, the very dynastic rivalries and conflicts between these eighteenth-century monarchs drove them to look for ever more efficient methods of government
4614:
2431:
2222:
2179:
1962:
1794:
1645:
2082:
1917:
3392:
5101:
3022:
2798:
2593:
2558:
4534:
3084:
2716:
2673:
2140:
530:, while rulers have at other times adopted the name of their mother's dynasty when coming into her inheritance. Less frequently, a monarchy has alternated or been rotated, in a multi-dynastic (or polydynastic) systemâthat is, the most senior living members of parallel dynasties, at any point in time, constitute the line of succession.
185:"ruler") is sometimes used informally for people who are not rulers but are, for example, members of a family with influence and power in other areas, such as a series of successive owners of a major company. It is also extended to unrelated people, such as major poets of the same school or various rosters of a single sports team.
353:
remained in effect at that time, stipulating that dynasts who marry Roman
Catholics are considered "dead" for the purpose of succession to the British throne. That exclusion, too, ceased to apply on 26 March 2015, with retroactive effect for those who had been dynasts before triggering it by marriage
5449:
The basic idea of monarchy was the idea that hereditary right gave the best title to political power...The dangers of disputed succession were best avoided by hereditary succession: ruling families had a natural interest in passing on to their descendants enhanced power and prestige...Frederick the
2923:
in which political power stays within a strongman's family due to the overwhelming authority of the strongman, rather than by the democratic consent of the people. The strongman typically fills government positions with their relatives. They may groom a successor during their own lifetime, or a
440:(2070 BC â AD 1912), using a framework of successive dynasties. As such, the term "dynasty" may be used to delimit the era during which a family reigned, and also to describe events, trends and artifacts of that period (e.g., "a
5356:
275:
references to formerly reigning families, a "dynast" is a family member who would have had succession rights, were the monarchy's rules still in force. For example, after the 1914 assassinations of
161:
Dynastic politics has declined over time, owing to a decline in monarchy as a form of government, a rise in democracy, and a reduction within democracies of elected members from dynastic families.
458:. In polities where it was permitted, succession through a daughter usually established a new dynasty in her husband's family name. This has changed in all of Europe's remaining monarchies, where
248:
of the 9th century, thus making it the oldest still reigning dynasty in Europe (photograph of King Felipe VI, Queen
Letizia, the Princess of Asturias and her younger sister Infanta SofĂa, in 2019)
150:. In polities where it was permitted, succession through a daughter usually established a new dynasty in her husband's family name. This has changed in all of Europe's remaining monarchies, where
444:
vase"). Until the 19th century, it was taken for granted that a legitimate function of a monarch was to aggrandize his dynasty: that is, to expand the wealth and power of his family members.
2059:
5413:
5277:
295:
of the
Austrian monarchy, Duke Maximilian and his descendants have not been considered the rightful pretenders by Austrian monarchists, nor have they claimed that position.
5373:
318:, making him a British dynast. On the other hand, since he is not a patrilineal member of the British royal family, he is therefore not a dynast of the House of Windsor.
5353:
4940:(ç柀), is the world's oldest continuous dynasty. The dynasty has produced an unbroken succession of Japanese monarchs since the legendary founding year of 660 BC.
136:(2070 BC â AD 1912), using a framework of successive dynasties. As such, the term "dynasty" may be used to delimit the era during which a family reigned.
5556:
252:
A ruler from a dynasty is sometimes referred to as a "dynast", but this term is also used to describe any member of a reigning family who retains a
2887:, rule does not pass automatically by inheritance, political power often accrues to generations of related individuals in the elected positions of
542:
King Tupou VI of Tonga and Queen
Nanasipau'u, head of one of the oldest still ruling royal dynasties in the world, dating back to c. 950 CE of the
4806:
The crown dependencies of the
Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Bailiwick of Jersey, and the Isle of Man are neither part of the United Kingdom nor
4763:
4750:
4153:
1552:
5405:
5504:
5588:
4068:
549:
Dynasties lasting at least 250 years include the following. Legendary lineages that cannot be historically confirmed are not included.
322:
307:
5530:
510:, per Portuguese law; in fact, since the 1800s, the only female monarch in Europe who had children belonging to a different house was
538:
345:
took effect on 26 March 2015. Thus, he requested and obtained formal permission from Queen
Elizabeth II to marry the Roman Catholic
5266:
4957:, the 29th emperor according to traditional historiography, is the first monarch for whom verifiable regnal dates can be assigned.
232:
388:
restrictions, so that the descendants are eligible to inherit the throne or other royal privileges. For example, the marriage of
5610:
5473:
5197:
5184:
2310:
495:
374:, surrounded by her children who were married into various European dynasties. Marriage policy amongst dynasties led to the
4173:
4143:
1520:
397:
5383:
5071:
2525:
389:
276:
393:
4472:
4299:
3936:
2358:
2232:
4312:
The founder of a dynasty need not necessarily equate to the first monarch of a particular realm. For example, while
4988:
3542:
3434:
2335:
1769:
412:, and consequently lost his title as a "Prince of the Netherlands", and left his children without dynastic rights.
342:
315:
4128:
2779:
2353:
2315:
217:
5667:
5803:
4844:
4824:
4659:
4410:
4388:
4351:
4061:
3931:
3709:
3557:
2736:
2194:
1927:
409:
408:, in 2003 lacked government support and parliamentary approval. Thus, Prince Friso forfeited his place in the
3946:
405:
346:
284:
4807:
3695:
3527:
3498:
2535:
2363:
5695:
4953:, traditionally considered the 15th emperor, is the first who is generally thought to have existed, while
5308:
4646:
4434:
3999:
3467:
2843:
2649:
2441:
2257:
1486:
475:
5092:
5079:
4321:
4148:
3532:
3503:
3439:
2875:
2519:
1527:
3326:
4054:
3659:
3192:
2924:
member of their family may maneuver to take control of the dictatorship after the strongman's death.
2790:
2573:
1400:
662:
306:
royal descent. The term can therefore describe overlapping but distinct sets of people. For example,
302:
descendants of a realm's monarchs, and sometimes to include those who hold succession rights through
61:, the world's oldest continuous royal dynasty since at least 539, with three generations (from left)
4992:
4788:
4218:
3774:
3664:
3331:
2950:
2848:
2693:
2603:
1839:
503:
338:
329:, possesses no legal British name, titles or styles (although he is entitled to reclaim the former
20:
299:
5252:
5201:
4933:
4460:
4178:
3704:
3004:
2892:
2132:
1977:
601:
437:
189:
133:
58:
5159:
5063:
5042:
5000:
4801:
4317:
4193:
3941:
3883:
3829:
2665:
2644:
2505:
2484:
2292:
1516:
1171:
732:
527:
479:
350:
4879:
3063:
2036:
447:
Before the 18th century, most dynasties throughout the world have traditionally been reckoned
139:
Before the 18th century, most dynasties throughout the world have traditionally been reckoned
5463:
5444:
5046:
5029:
4775:
3761:
3594:
3187:
3068:
2404:
2189:
1739:
620:
292:
5584:"Presidential Elections in Azerbaijan Fail to End the Aliyev's Dynastic and Autocratic Rule"
1233:
5205:
5180:
5050:
4499:
4242:
4188:
4168:
3871:
3742:
3732:
3717:
3644:
3562:
3370:
2838:
1709:
1305:
499:
237:
5639:
3365:
2446:
543:
337:). He was born in the line of succession to the British throne and was bound by Britain's
220:
borne by its members, but it is more often referred by adding the name afterwards, as in "
8:
4840:
4213:
4133:
3983:
3893:
3747:
3649:
3599:
3537:
2708:
2024:
1885:
1880:
1862:
1578:
459:
362:
280:
253:
151:
2999:
5798:
4883:
4605:
4372:
4313:
4300:
Sovereign
Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta
4238:
4183:
4138:
4093:
4082:
4021:
3614:
3282:
2920:
2530:
2396:
2092:
1247:
1158:
1080:
681:
334:
1318:
5793:
5769:
5738:
5469:
5437:
5013:
4831:. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Belgium" in AD 1920.
4422:
4358:. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Windsor" in AD 1917.
4246:
4158:
4118:
4016:
3690:
3552:
3547:
3508:
3481:
2688:
2568:
2466:
2423:
2378:
2237:
1982:
1909:
1434:
1331:
1279:
884:
507:
288:
221:
82:
53:
27:
5730:
5176:
5163:
5025:
4866:
4820:
4738:
4685:
4447:
4347:
4098:
3966:
3722:
3576:
3347:
3255:
2896:
2871:
2731:
2099:
2019:
2001:
1972:
1954:
1821:
1724:
1565:
1499:
1357:
1106:
1093:
923:
803:
491:
467:
371:
265:
245:
241:
70:
19:
This article is about the general concept of a line of rulers. For other uses, see
1538:, of which 41 are ruled by dynasties. There are currently 26 sovereign dynasties.
5644:
5360:
5067:
4996:
4828:
4551:
4355:
4208:
4163:
4044:
4026:
3851:
3836:
3292:
3287:
3250:
3032:
3014:
2825:
2726:
2550:
2160:
2054:
1935:
1784:
1460:
1292:
1184:
1050:
1037:
1011:
955:
936:
858:
829:
751:
643:
78:
66:
62:
45:
4950:
3094:
5615:
5075:
4954:
4672:
4485:
4113:
4108:
4103:
3922:
3841:
3795:
3737:
3037:
2813:
2769:
2751:
2585:
2489:
2214:
1814:
1473:
1266:
897:
639:
569:
511:
487:
448:
303:
170:
140:
74:
5583:
3099:
5787:
5773:
5742:
4906:
3846:
3824:
3799:
3629:
3444:
3308:
3232:
3130:
2626:
2320:
2305:
2155:
1535:
1421:
1201:
1145:
998:
981:
588:
483:
433:
421:
401:
376:
367:
188:
The dynastic family or lineage may be known as a "noble house", which may be
129:
117:
2064:
1229:
656:
514:
and that was due to disagreements over how to choose a non German house. In
5722:
5700:
5672:
5557:"New constitution, old playbook: Chad's Deby continues power play in Sahel"
5303:
5145:
4513:
4285:
4203:
4088:
3609:
3182:
3125:
2639:
2617:
2280:
2248:
2205:
1853:
1447:
1417:
1404:
1383:
1344:
1197:
1119:
968:
816:
519:
471:
441:
429:
425:
311:
125:
121:
34:
5734:
93:
is a sequence of rulers from the same family, usually in the context of a
5132:
4971:
4711:
4526:
4368:
4334:
4123:
3913:
3878:
3781:
3769:
3634:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2125:
1754:
1635:
1583:
1515:
For non-sovereign dynasties currently ruling subnational monarchies, see
1387:
1063:
764:
261:
40:"Royal house" redirects here. For royal residences and headquarters, see
4039:
5757:
5021:
4967:
4725:
4003:
3993:
3988:
3727:
3589:
3402:
3120:
2884:
2853:
2348:
2275:
2171:
2117:
1986:
1132:
523:
486:. The earliest such example among major European monarchies was in the
330:
326:
272:
5640:"What to Know About the Army Chief Who Will Be Cambodia's Next Leader"
5119:
404:
to the Crown of the
Netherlands. The marriage of his younger brother,
4919:
4698:
3888:
3786:
3669:
3624:
3604:
3407:
3321:
3156:
2900:
2683:
1890:
1620:
1593:
790:
455:
385:
147:
4949:
Most historians regard
Emperor Jimmu to have been a mythical ruler.
4257:
Existing sovereign entities ruled by non-dynastic monarchs include:
287:, was bypassed for the Austro-Hungarian throne because he was not a
5758:"Briefing: The Democratic Republic of Congo, from Kabila to Kabila"
5378:
4601:
4588:
4384:
4273:
4011:
3971:
3654:
3639:
3619:
3488:
3151:
3058:
2908:
2904:
2888:
2881:
2808:
2764:
2494:
2391:
2150:
2112:
2060:
Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-GlĂŒcksburg
2029:
2014:
1588:
1370:
1214:
871:
700:
98:
94:
4633:
4564:
4268:
3926:
3584:
3161:
2654:
2541:
2479:
2369:
2326:
2285:
2270:
2070:
2049:
1943:
1900:
1894:
1875:
1834:
1695:
1680:
1603:
1597:
1531:
1067:
845:
515:
193:
5531:"Djibouti's President Guelleh wins fifth term with 97% of votes"
4856:
Claimed by the royal house, but the historicity is questionable.
5505:"Togo votes as Faure Gnassingbe seeks to extend dynasty's rule"
5017:
4619:
3976:
3918:
3816:
3245:
2774:
2742:
2721:
2699:
2436:
2227:
2184:
2087:
1967:
1947:
1922:
1799:
1665:
1650:
1024:
994:
910:
713:
452:
257:
201:
144:
41:
5611:"What to expect from Cambodia's new 'dynastic' prime minister"
5106:
4975:
4198:
3397:
3360:
3027:
2818:
2803:
2678:
2598:
2457:
2451:
2412:
2199:
2145:
1992:
1547:
777:
213:
209:
384:
A "dynastic marriage" is one that complies with monarchical
5208:
since the formation of the United Arab Emirates in AD 1971.
4539:
4324:, he was never a monarch of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
3089:
2994:
2611:
2578:
2563:
2242:
1847:
1211:
1057 – 1059, 1081 – 1185, 1204 – 1461 CE
205:
197:
16:
Sequence of rulers considered members of the same family
5435:
Thomson, David (1961). "The Institutions of Monarchy".
298:
The term "dynast" is sometimes used only to refer to
5264:
33:"Ruling family" redirects here. For other uses, see
5274:
The Oxford Handbook of Historical Political Economy
5436:
2490:Sultan Abul Amlak Sidi Muhammad as-Sharif ibn 'Ali
1218:(styled as Megas Komnenos since late 13th century)
5488:
5354:Statement by Nick Clegg MP, UK parliament website
4981:
4880:House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-GlĂŒcksburg
396:in 2002 was dynastic, making their eldest child,
5785:
506:, but whose descendants remained members of the
504:Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-KohĂĄry
5668:"Assessing Cambodia's New Political Leadership"
5265:Van Coppennolle, Brenda; Smith, Daniel (2023).
4371:as its monarch and head of state is known as a
3461:
462:and conventions have maintained dynastic names
154:and conventions have maintained dynastic names
5041:The throne of Malaysia rotates among the nine
4571:
5152:
5056:
4062:
2510:
1510:
5723:"Gabon's coup will worry regional autocrats"
4764:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4751:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
4361:
4251:
4154:List of current monarchs of sovereign states
5267:"Dynasties in Historical Political Economy"
5085:
4739:Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands
490:in the 18th century, where the name of the
5589:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
5204:. The office has been held by the Emir of
4872:
4492:
4069:
4055:
2914:
308:David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon
101:. A dynasty may also be referred to as a "
5755:
5482:
5363:, 26 March 2015 (retrieved on same date).
5349:
5347:
5341:" Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2011.
5183:. The Emir of Abu Dhabi is the incumbent
5006:
4394:
5696:"The Aura of Governance in Turkmenistan"
5035:
4926:
4435:Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands
4378:
1289:1371 – 1651, 1660 – 1714 CE
1244:1047 – 1375, 1387 – 1412 CE
1226:1428 – 1527, 1533 – 1789 CE
1060:202 BCE – 9 CE, 25 – 220 CE
537:
390:King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands
361:
231:
97:system, but sometimes also appearing in
52:
5693:
5434:
4889:
4859:
4850:
4834:
4813:
4473:Territory of Heard and McDonald Islands
4340:
4306:
800:987 – 1792, 1814 – 1848 CE
410:order of succession to the Dutch throne
316:line of succession to the British crown
216:", depending upon the chief or present
5786:
5468:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 30â6.
5465:The sacred marriage of a Hindu goddess
5461:
5382:. London. 8 April 2005. Archived from
5344:
5283:from the original on 20 September 2023
5169:
4960:
4327:
2233:Emir Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
470:is maintained through the children of
349:in 1999. Yet, a clause of the English
5581:
5455:
5416:from the original on 28 February 2023
5236:
5234:
5198:President of the United Arab Emirates
5185:President of the United Arab Emirates
4943:
2865:
2844:President Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
1181:661 – 750, 756 – 1031 CE
321:Comparatively, the German aristocrat
85:, and behind them the children (2021)
5665:
5637:
4461:Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
4174:List of kingdoms and royal dynasties
4144:List of current constituent monarchs
1521:List of current constituent monarchs
1444:618 – 690, 705 – 907 CE
826:750 – 1258 CE, 1261 â 1517 CE
498:. This also happened in the case of
466:through a female. For instance, the
357:
5694:Clement, Victoria (14 March 2023).
5316:
5190:
277:Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
13:
5374:"Monaco royal taken seriously ill"
5366:
5301:
5231:
5043:constituent monarchies of Malaysia
4869:is a branch of the Varman dynasty.
2911:may contribute to the phenomenon.
14:
5815:
5582:Balci, Bayram (14 October 2023).
5428:
5030:Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
3937:Biology and political orientation
2928:Current hereditary dictatorships
2645:King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
978:1600 â 1046 BCE or 1766â1122 BCE
424:the histories of many states and
120:the histories of many states and
5138:
5125:
5112:
5099:
4912:
4899:
4794:
4781:
4769:
4756:
4744:
4731:
4718:
4704:
4691:
4678:
4665:
4652:
4639:
4626:
4612:
4594:
4581:
4557:
4545:
4532:
4519:
4506:
4478:
4466:
4453:
4440:
4428:
4416:
4404:
4316:was the dynastic founder of the
4292:
4278:
4261:
4038:
3435:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3427:
3390:
3353:
3314:
3275:
3238:
3204:Former hereditary dictatorships
3175:
3144:
3113:
3082:
3051:
3020:
2987:
2956:
2858:(in modern United Arab Emirates)
2831:
2796:
2757:
2714:
2671:
2632:
2591:
2574:Sultan Ahmad bin Said al-Busaidi
2556:
2512:
2472:
2429:
2384:
2341:
2298:
2263:
2220:
2177:
2138:
2105:
2080:
2042:
2007:
1960:
1915:
1868:
1827:
1807:
1792:
1777:
1770:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1762:
1747:
1732:
1717:
1703:
1688:
1673:
1658:
1643:
1628:
1613:
1571:
451:, such as those that follow the
343:Succession to the Crown Act 2013
143:, such as those that follow the
5749:
5715:
5687:
5659:
5631:
5603:
5575:
5549:
5523:
5497:
5491:History of the Nayaks of Madura
5217:Year authoritarian system began
5211:
5045:, each ruled by a dynasty. The
4320:which currently rules over the
4231:
4129:Heads of former ruling families
2849:Sheikh Dhiyab bin Isa Al Nahyan
2195:King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi
341:until it was repealed when the
5398:
5295:
5258:
4845:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4825:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4660:British Indian Ocean Territory
4411:Australian Antarctic Territory
4389:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4352:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
3932:Theories of political behavior
3558:Political history of the world
1931:Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
323:Prince Ernst August of Hanover
164:
1:
5666:Hunt, Luke (23 August 2023).
5638:Syed, Armani (26 July 2023).
5224:
5179:is the ruling dynasty of the
4843:was formerly a member of the
4387:was formerly a member of the
3947:Critique of political economy
2919:Hereditary dictatorships are
2604:Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani
1840:King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
1257:
941:
742:
723:
691:
672:
630:
611:
579:
478:, whose dynasty remained the
406:Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau
285:Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg
264:ceased to be a dynast of the
227:
169:The word "dynasty" (from the
5443:. New York: Knopf. pp.
4974:, which was a branch of the
4808:British overseas territories
3528:Outline of political science
3462:Influential wealthy families
2281:Paramount Chief Moshoeshoe I
1844:Sheikh Khalifa bin Mohammed
533:
325:, a male-line descendant of
7:
5462:Harman, William. P (1992).
5309:Online Etymology Dictionary
4995:, which is a branch of the
4827:, which is a branch of the
4647:British Antarctic Territory
4423:Coral Sea Islands Territory
4354:, which is a branch of the
3472:
3468:List of wealthiest families
496:Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna
476:monarchy of the Netherlands
366:Family portrait of Empress
347:Princess Caroline of Monaco
10:
5820:
5489:Sathayanatha Iyer (1924).
5093:Kingdom of the Netherlands
5080:Beatrix of the Netherlands
4989:House of Luxembourg-Nassau
4322:Kingdom of the Netherlands
4149:List of current monarchies
4080:
3533:Index of politics articles
3465:
2876:List of political families
2869:
2608:Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed
2336:House of Luxembourg-Nassau
1592:
1587:
1582:
1564:
1514:
1511:Extant sovereign dynasties
500:Queen Maria II of Portugal
438:Ancient and Imperial China
415:
268:following his abdication.
181:"power", "lordship", from
134:Ancient and Imperial China
39:
32:
25:
18:
5756:Reyntjens, Filip (2001).
5323:Oxford English Dictionary
5241:Oxford English Dictionary
5016:is the ruling dynasty of
4237:Territory split into the
3193:Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
2921:personalist dictatorships
2893:constitutional monarchies
2063:
2058:
2035:
2025:King Norodom Prohmbarirak
1621:Commonwealth of Australia
1560:Dynastic place of origin
482:through three successive
398:Princess Catharina-Amalia
174:
57:Family photograph of the
5727:Emerald Expert Briefings
4993:House of Nassau-Weilburg
4789:Turks and Caicos Islands
4333:Not to be confused with
4224:
4219:Self-proclaimed monarchy
3332:Anastasio Somoza Debayle
2780:Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya
2659:(in modern Saudi Arabia)
2569:Sultan Haitham bin Tariq
2238:Sheikh Sabah I bin Jaber
653:950s CE – present
566:400 BCE – 1618 CE
339:Royal Marriages Act 1772
26:Not to be confused with
21:Dynasty (disambiguation)
5406:"The Dynastic Marriage"
5253:Oxford University Press
5202:Federal Supreme Council
4934:Imperial House of Japan
4367:A sovereign state with
4269:Principality of Andorra
4179:List of largest empires
3942:Political organisations
3705:International relations
3543:Politics by subdivision
3327:Anastasio Somoza GarcĂa
2915:Hereditary dictatorship
2133:Imperial House of Japan
1973:Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah
1034:247 BCE – 224 CE
986:554 years or 644 years
928:656 years or 661 years
602:Imperial House of Japan
494:was maintained through
291:dynast. Even after the
244:dates its roots to the
59:Imperial House of Japan
5160:House of Bourbon-Anjou
5074:is also linked to the
5064:House of Orange-Nassau
5001:House of Bourbon-Parma
4991:is descended from the
4823:is descended from the
4802:British Virgin Islands
4350:is descended from the
4318:House of Orange-Nassau
4194:Non-sovereign monarchy
3171:Berdimuhamedow family
3047:Gouled-Guelleh family
2666:House of Bourbon-Anjou
2506:House of Orange-Nassau
2293:House of Liechtenstein
1517:Non-sovereign monarchy
1483:1550 – 1292 BCE
952:543 BCE – 66 CE
920:1360s – present
907:18 BCE – 660 CE
868:37 BCE – 668 CE
774:57 BCE – 935 CE
546:
480:House of Orange-Nassau
381:
351:Act of Settlement 1701
249:
86:
5804:History-related lists
5735:10.1108/oxan-es281583
5439:Europe Since Napoleon
5047:Yang di-Pertuan Agong
4776:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
4602:Bailiwick of Guernsey
4022:Political campaigning
3762:Public administration
3595:Collective leadership
3440:Laurent-Désiré Kabila
3188:Serdar Berdimuhamedow
3069:Hassan Gouled Aptidon
2732:King Charles XIV John
2694:Bourbon-l'Archambault
2526:King Willem-Alexander
2408:Tun Habib Abdul Majid
2398:Yang di-Pertuan Agong
2020:King Norodom Sihamoni
1740:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1589:King-Emperor George V
1496:1034 – 1286 CE
1470:1230 – 1492 CE
1414:1368 – 1662 CE
1397:1616 – 1912 CE
1354:1613 – 1917 CE
1328:1699 – present
1302:1154 – 1485 CE
1276:1278 – 1914 CE
1194:1271 – 1635 CE
1168:1220 – 1597 CE
1116:1010 – 586 BCE
1090:1586 – present
1047:1154 – 1624 CE
1008:1370 – 1857 CE
991:1392 – 1910 CE
965:1228 – 1826 CE
933:1299 – 1922 CE
881:1270 – 1975 CE
621:Eastern Ganga dynasty
541:
474:, as it did with the
365:
354:to a Roman Catholic.
235:
56:
5181:Emirate of Abu Dhabi
5051:Conference of Rulers
4500:Realm of New Zealand
4243:Yogyakarta Sultanate
4189:List of noble houses
4169:List of family trees
3872:Separation of powers
3743:Political psychology
3718:Comparative politics
3696:political scientists
3683:Academic disciplines
3563:Political philosophy
3371:Jean-Claude Duvalier
2839:United Arab Emirates
2784:(in modern Thailand)
2727:King Carl XVI Gustaf
2417:(in modern Malaysia)
1978:Sultan Muhammad Shah
1457:909 – 1171 CE
1380:916 – 1218 CE
1315:905 – 1234 CE
1155:730 – 330 BCE
1142:960 – 1370 CE
1077:858 – 1301 CE
1021:918 – 1392 CE
894:651 – 1349 CE
842:862 – 1598 CE
813:1046– 256 BCE
761:665 – 1598 CE
598:539 – present
238:Spanish royal family
132:(3100 â 30 BC), and
5359:5 July 2016 at the
5162:is a branch of the
5066:is a branch of the
5018:Pahang Darul Makmur
4882:is a branch of the
4620:Bailiwick of Jersey
4214:Royal intermarriage
4134:Hereditary monarchy
4045:Politics portal
3894:Election commission
3865:Government branches
3748:Political sociology
3600:Confessional system
3538:Politics by country
3205:
3064:IsmaĂŻl Omar Guelleh
2929:
2814:King George Tupou I
2770:King Vajiralongkorn
2709:House of Bernadotte
2499:(in modern Morocco)
2311:Prince Hans-Adam II
2037:House of GlĂŒcksburg
1579:Antigua and Barbuda
1528:43 sovereign states
1431:305 – 30 BCE
1367:300 – 602 CE
1341:960 –1279 CE
1129:220 – 638 CE
1103:224 – 651 CE
526:determined descent
436:(3100 â 30 BC) and
5729:. 30 August 2023.
5563:. 26 December 2023
5511:. 22 February 2020
5200:is elected by the
5049:is elected by the
4970:is descended from
4884:House of Oldenburg
4714:(Crown dependency)
4622:(Crown dependency)
4373:Commonwealth realm
4286:Vatican City State
4239:Surakarta Sunanate
4184:List of monarchies
4139:Iranian Intermezzo
4094:Commonwealth realm
4083:Lists of dynasties
3728:Political analysis
3660:Semi-parliamentary
3283:Dominican Republic
3203:
3005:Gnassingbé Eyadéma
2983:Gnassingbé family
2927:
2866:Political families
2359:Grand Duke Adolphe
855:1243 – 1971
787:1128 – 1971
634: 5th century
547:
472:Queen Elizabeth II
394:MĂĄxima Zorreguieta
382:
312:Queen Elizabeth II
271:In historical and
250:
158:through a female.
87:
5475:978-81-208-0810-2
5302:Harper, Douglas.
5014:Bendahara dynasty
4247:Treaty of Giyanti
4159:List of dynasties
4119:Elective monarchy
4079:
4078:
4027:Political parties
3967:Electoral systems
3691:Political science
3665:Semi-presidential
3577:Political systems
3553:Political history
3548:Political economy
3459:
3458:
3366:François Duvalier
3215:Dynastic Founder
3201:
3200:
2942:Dynastic founder
2863:
2862:
2447:François Grimaldi
2424:House of Grimaldi
2379:Bendahara dynasty
2165:(in modern Japan)
1910:Wangchuck dynasty
1557:Dynastic founder
1508:
1507:
718:1,125 years est.
705:1,030 years est.
686:1,032 years est.
667:1,070 years est.
648:1,371 years est.
625:1,454 years est.
593:1,579 years est.
574:2,018 years est.
544:Tuʻi Tonga Empire
508:House of Braganza
432:(3200 â 539 BC),
358:Dynastic marriage
222:House of Habsburg
128:(3200 â 539 BC),
113:", among others.
83:Princess Akishino
28:Political dynasty
5811:
5778:
5777:
5768:(399): 311â317.
5753:
5747:
5746:
5719:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5708:
5691:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5680:
5663:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5652:
5635:
5629:
5628:
5626:
5624:
5607:
5601:
5600:
5598:
5596:
5579:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5568:
5553:
5547:
5546:
5544:
5542:
5527:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5516:
5501:
5495:
5494:
5486:
5480:
5479:
5459:
5453:
5452:
5442:
5432:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5421:
5402:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5391:
5386:on 12 March 2010
5370:
5364:
5351:
5342:
5340:
5328:
5320:
5314:
5313:
5299:
5293:
5292:
5290:
5288:
5282:
5271:
5262:
5256:
5246:
5238:
5218:
5215:
5209:
5194:
5188:
5173:
5167:
5164:House of Bourbon
5156:
5150:
5144:
5142:
5141:
5131:
5129:
5128:
5118:
5116:
5115:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5089:
5083:
5072:Willem-Alexander
5070:. Additionally,
5060:
5054:
5039:
5033:
5028:is the reigning
5026:Sultan of Pahang
5010:
5004:
4985:
4979:
4964:
4958:
4947:
4941:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4893:
4887:
4876:
4870:
4867:House of Norodom
4863:
4857:
4854:
4848:
4838:
4832:
4821:House of Belgium
4817:
4811:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4787:
4785:
4784:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4762:
4760:
4759:
4749:
4748:
4747:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4724:
4722:
4721:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4686:Falkland Islands
4684:
4682:
4681:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4618:
4616:
4615:
4606:Crown dependency
4600:
4598:
4597:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4575:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4525:
4523:
4522:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4496:
4490:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4448:Christmas Island
4446:
4444:
4443:
4433:
4432:
4431:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4398:
4392:
4382:
4376:
4365:
4359:
4348:House of Windsor
4344:
4338:
4331:
4325:
4310:
4304:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4255:
4249:
4235:
4099:Conquest dynasty
4071:
4064:
4057:
4043:
4042:
3833:
3778:
3733:Political theory
3723:Election science
3713:
3699:
3477:
3476:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3348:Duvalier dynasty
3320:
3318:
3317:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3271:Trujillo family
3256:Chiang Ching-kuo
3244:
3242:
3241:
3206:
3202:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3000:Faure Gnassingbé
2993:
2991:
2990:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2930:
2926:
2872:Political family
2859:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2785:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2746:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2703:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2660:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2621:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2545:
2531:Prince William I
2522:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2500:
2485:King Mohammed VI
2478:
2476:
2475:
2461:
2442:Prince Albert II
2435:
2433:
2432:
2418:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2373:
2354:Grand Duke Henri
2347:
2345:
2344:
2330:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2258:House of Moshesh
2252:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2209:
2190:King Abdullah II
2183:
2181:
2180:
2166:
2151:Emperor Naruhito
2144:
2142:
2141:
2122:Chief Dlamini I
2111:
2109:
2108:
2100:House of Dlamini
2086:
2084:
2083:
2074:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2002:House of Norodom
1996:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1955:House of Bolkiah
1921:
1919:
1918:
1904:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1863:House of Belgium
1857:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1822:House of Khalifa
1813:
1811:
1810:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1725:Papua New Guinea
1723:
1721:
1720:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1607:
1584:King Charles III
1577:
1575:
1574:
1566:House of Windsor
1553:Reigning monarch
1541:
1540:
1263:– 309 BCE
1262:
1259:
946:
943:
748:– 1846 CE
747:
744:
729:– 722 BCE
728:
725:
697:– 1930 CE
696:
693:
678:– 1812 CE
677:
674:
636:– 1971 CE
635:
632:
616:
613:
585:– 1279 CE
584:
581:
552:
551:
516:Limpopo Province
492:House of Romanov
468:House of Windsor
372:Habsburg dynasty
283:wife, their son
266:House of Windsor
262:King Edward VIII
254:right to succeed
246:Capetian dynasty
242:House of Bourbon
176:
73:and his consort
71:Emperor Naruhito
5819:
5818:
5814:
5813:
5812:
5810:
5809:
5808:
5784:
5783:
5782:
5781:
5762:African Affairs
5754:
5750:
5721:
5720:
5716:
5706:
5704:
5692:
5688:
5678:
5676:
5664:
5660:
5650:
5648:
5636:
5632:
5622:
5620:
5619:. 8 August 2022
5609:
5608:
5604:
5594:
5592:
5580:
5576:
5566:
5564:
5555:
5554:
5550:
5540:
5538:
5537:. 10 April 2021
5529:
5528:
5524:
5514:
5512:
5503:
5502:
5498:
5487:
5483:
5476:
5460:
5456:
5433:
5429:
5419:
5417:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5389:
5387:
5372:
5371:
5367:
5361:Wayback Machine
5352:
5345:
5338:
5326:
5321:
5317:
5300:
5296:
5286:
5284:
5280:
5269:
5263:
5259:
5255:(Oxford), 1897.
5244:
5239:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5221:
5216:
5212:
5195:
5191:
5177:House of Nahyan
5174:
5170:
5157:
5153:
5139:
5137:
5126:
5124:
5113:
5111:
5100:
5098:
5090:
5086:
5068:House of Nassau
5061:
5057:
5040:
5036:
5011:
5007:
4997:House of Nassau
4986:
4982:
4968:House of Hashim
4965:
4961:
4948:
4944:
4931:
4927:
4913:
4911:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4877:
4873:
4864:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4847:before AD 1920.
4839:
4835:
4829:House of Wettin
4818:
4814:
4795:
4793:
4782:
4780:
4770:
4768:
4757:
4755:
4745:
4743:
4732:
4730:
4719:
4717:
4705:
4703:
4692:
4690:
4679:
4677:
4666:
4664:
4653:
4651:
4640:
4638:
4627:
4625:
4613:
4611:
4595:
4593:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4572:
4558:
4556:
4552:Ross Dependency
4546:
4544:
4533:
4531:
4520:
4518:
4507:
4505:
4497:
4493:
4479:
4477:
4467:
4465:
4454:
4452:
4441:
4439:
4429:
4427:
4417:
4415:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:before AD 1917.
4383:
4379:
4366:
4362:
4356:House of Wettin
4345:
4341:
4332:
4328:
4311:
4307:
4293:
4291:
4279:
4277:
4262:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4245:in 1755 by the
4236:
4232:
4227:
4209:Royal household
4164:List of empires
4085:
4075:
4037:
4032:
4031:
3962:
3961:
3952:
3951:
3909:
3908:
3899:
3898:
3867:
3866:
3857:
3856:
3852:Public interest
3837:Domestic policy
3827:
3820:
3819:
3808:
3807:
3772:
3765:
3764:
3753:
3752:
3714:
3707:
3700:
3693:
3685:
3684:
3675:
3674:
3580:
3579:
3568:
3567:
3523:
3522:
3513:
3482:Politics series
3475:
3470:
3464:
3428:
3426:
3391:
3389:
3354:
3352:
3315:
3313:
3293:Ramfis Trujillo
3288:Rafael Trujillo
3276:
3274:
3251:Chiang Kai-shek
3239:
3237:
3227:Length of rule
3176:
3174:
3145:
3143:
3114:
3112:
3083:
3081:
3052:
3050:
3033:Bashar al-Assad
3021:
3019:
3015:al-Assad family
2988:
2986:
2957:
2955:
2939:Current leader
2917:
2878:
2870:Main articles:
2868:
2857:
2856:
2832:
2830:
2826:House of Nahyan
2797:
2795:
2783:
2782:
2758:
2756:
2740:
2739:
2715:
2713:
2697:
2696:
2672:
2670:
2658:
2657:
2633:
2631:
2615:
2614:
2592:
2590:
2557:
2555:
2551:House of Busaid
2539:
2538:
2513:
2511:
2498:
2497:
2473:
2471:
2455:
2454:
2430:
2428:
2416:
2415:
2385:
2383:
2367:
2366:
2342:
2340:
2324:
2323:
2299:
2297:
2276:King Letsie III
2264:
2262:
2246:
2245:
2221:
2219:
2203:
2202:
2178:
2176:
2172:House of Hashim
2164:
2163:
2139:
2137:
2118:King Mswati III
2106:
2104:
2081:
2079:
2068:
2067:
2055:King Frederik X
2043:
2041:
2008:
2006:
1990:
1989:
1961:
1959:
1939:Ugyen Wangchuck
1916:
1914:
1898:
1897:
1869:
1867:
1851:
1850:
1828:
1826:
1808:
1806:
1793:
1791:
1785:Solomon Islands
1778:
1776:
1763:
1761:
1748:
1746:
1733:
1731:
1718:
1716:
1704:
1702:
1689:
1687:
1674:
1672:
1659:
1657:
1644:
1642:
1629:
1627:
1614:
1612:
1601:
1600:
1572:
1570:
1524:
1513:
1260:
1232:(Primitive and
1217:
944:
782:992 years est.
756:955 years est.
745:
737:978 years est.
726:
694:
675:
654:
633:
617:–1947 CE
614:
582:
561:Length of rule
536:
418:
360:
327:King George III
260:. For example,
230:
167:
79:Prince Akishino
67:Emperor Akihito
63:Empress Michiko
49:
46:Royal household
38:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5817:
5807:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5780:
5779:
5748:
5714:
5686:
5658:
5630:
5616:Deutsche Welle
5602:
5574:
5548:
5522:
5496:
5481:
5474:
5454:
5427:
5397:
5365:
5343:
5315:
5294:
5257:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5210:
5189:
5168:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5135:
5122:
5109:
5084:
5076:House of Lippe
5055:
5034:
5005:
4980:
4959:
4955:Emperor Kinmei
4942:
4925:
4923:
4922:
4909:
4888:
4871:
4858:
4849:
4833:
4812:
4805:
4804:
4791:
4778:
4766:
4753:
4741:
4728:
4715:
4701:
4688:
4675:
4673:Cayman Islands
4662:
4649:
4636:
4623:
4609:
4591:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4554:
4542:
4529:
4516:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4486:Norfolk Island
4475:
4463:
4450:
4437:
4425:
4413:
4393:
4377:
4360:
4339:
4326:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4289:
4271:
4250:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4114:Dynastic union
4111:
4109:Dynastic order
4106:
4104:Dynastic cycle
4101:
4096:
4091:
4081:Main article:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4066:
4059:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4008:
4007:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3969:
3963:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3916:
3910:
3907:Related topics
3906:
3905:
3904:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3842:Foreign policy
3839:
3834:
3821:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3766:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3738:Policy studies
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3703:
3701:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3524:
3521:Primary topics
3520:
3519:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3474:
3471:
3466:Main article:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3424:
3423:Kabila family
3420:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3387:
3383:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3350:
3344:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3272:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3110:
3109:Aliyev family
3106:
3105:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3079:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3038:Hafez al-Assad
3035:
3030:
3017:
3011:
3010:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2916:
2913:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2793:
2791:House of Tupou
2787:
2786:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2754:
2752:Chakri dynasty
2748:
2747:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2691:
2686:
2684:King Felipe VI
2681:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2609:
2606:
2601:
2588:
2586:House of Thani
2582:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2469:
2467:'Alawi dynasty
2463:
2462:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2410:
2402:
2394:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2217:
2215:House of Sabah
2211:
2210:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2120:
2115:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2076:
2075:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:United Kingdom
1803:
1802:
1788:
1787:
1773:
1772:
1758:
1757:
1743:
1742:
1728:
1727:
1713:
1712:
1699:
1698:
1684:
1683:
1669:
1668:
1654:
1653:
1639:
1638:
1624:
1623:
1609:
1608:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1261: 653 BCE
1254:
1253:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1001:
992:
988:
987:
984:
979:
975:
974:
971:
966:
962:
961:
958:
953:
949:
948:
939:
934:
930:
929:
926:
921:
917:
916:
913:
908:
904:
903:
900:
898:Bavand dynasty
895:
891:
890:
887:
882:
878:
877:
874:
869:
865:
864:
861:
856:
852:
851:
848:
843:
839:
838:
832:
827:
823:
822:
819:
814:
810:
809:
806:
801:
797:
796:
793:
788:
784:
783:
780:
775:
771:
770:
767:
762:
758:
757:
754:
749:
739:
738:
735:
730:
720:
719:
716:
711:
707:
706:
703:
698:
688:
687:
684:
679:
669:
668:
665:
660:
650:
649:
646:
637:
627:
626:
623:
618:
608:
607:
604:
599:
595:
594:
591:
586:
583: 300 BCE
576:
575:
572:
567:
563:
562:
559:
556:
535:
532:
512:Queen Victoria
502:, who married
488:Russian Empire
484:queens regnant
460:succession law
417:
414:
359:
356:
310:, a nephew of
229:
226:
166:
163:
152:succession law
75:Empress Masako
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5816:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5791:
5789:
5775:
5771:
5767:
5763:
5759:
5752:
5744:
5740:
5736:
5732:
5728:
5724:
5718:
5703:
5702:
5697:
5690:
5675:
5674:
5669:
5662:
5647:
5646:
5641:
5634:
5618:
5617:
5612:
5606:
5591:
5590:
5585:
5578:
5562:
5558:
5552:
5536:
5532:
5526:
5510:
5506:
5500:
5493:. p. 58.
5492:
5485:
5477:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5458:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5440:
5431:
5415:
5412:(in German).
5411:
5407:
5401:
5385:
5381:
5380:
5375:
5369:
5362:
5358:
5355:
5350:
5348:
5336:
5332:
5324:
5319:
5311:
5310:
5305:
5298:
5279:
5275:
5268:
5261:
5254:
5250:
5242:
5237:
5235:
5230:
5214:
5207:
5203:
5199:
5193:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5172:
5165:
5161:
5155:
5147:
5136:
5134:
5123:
5121:
5110:
5108:
5097:
5096:
5095:consists of:
5094:
5088:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5059:
5052:
5048:
5044:
5038:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5019:
5015:
5009:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4984:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4963:
4956:
4952:
4946:
4939:
4935:
4929:
4921:
4910:
4908:
4907:Faroe Islands
4897:
4896:
4892:
4885:
4881:
4875:
4868:
4862:
4853:
4846:
4842:
4837:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4816:
4809:
4803:
4792:
4790:
4779:
4777:
4767:
4765:
4754:
4752:
4742:
4740:
4729:
4727:
4716:
4713:
4702:
4700:
4689:
4687:
4676:
4674:
4663:
4661:
4650:
4648:
4637:
4635:
4624:
4621:
4610:
4607:
4603:
4592:
4590:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4566:
4555:
4553:
4543:
4541:
4530:
4528:
4517:
4515:
4504:
4503:
4502:consists of:
4501:
4495:
4487:
4476:
4474:
4464:
4462:
4451:
4449:
4438:
4436:
4426:
4424:
4414:
4412:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4390:
4386:
4381:
4374:
4370:
4364:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4343:
4336:
4335:dynastic seat
4330:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4309:
4301:
4290:
4287:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4259:
4258:
4254:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4234:
4230:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4072:
4067:
4065:
4060:
4058:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4035:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4005:
4001:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3956:
3955:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3903:
3902:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3861:
3860:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3847:Civil society
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3831:
3826:
3825:Public policy
3823:
3822:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3776:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3679:
3678:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3645:Parliamentary
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3630:Hybrid regime
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3517:
3516:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3479:
3478:
3469:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3445:Joseph Kabila
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3388:
3386:Bongo family
3385:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
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2328:
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2321:Lower Austria
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2316:Prince Karl I
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2306:Liechtenstein
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2154:
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2136:
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2127:
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2119:
2116:
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2093:King Harald V
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2018:
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1884:
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1199:
1196:
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1172:Siri Sanga Bo
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710:c.730 â 1855
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528:matrilineally
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477:
473:
469:
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461:
457:
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449:patrilineally
445:
443:
439:
435:
434:Ancient Egypt
431:
427:
426:civilizations
423:
413:
411:
407:
403:
402:heir apparent
399:
395:
391:
387:
379:
378:
377:Pax Austriaca
373:
369:
368:Maria Theresa
364:
355:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
331:royal dukedom
328:
324:
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141:patrilineally
137:
135:
131:
130:Ancient Egypt
127:
123:
122:civilizations
119:
114:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
55:
51:
47:
43:
36:
29:
22:
5765:
5761:
5751:
5726:
5717:
5705:. Retrieved
5701:The Diplomat
5699:
5689:
5677:. Retrieved
5673:The Diplomat
5671:
5661:
5649:. Retrieved
5643:
5633:
5621:. Retrieved
5614:
5605:
5593:. Retrieved
5587:
5577:
5565:. Retrieved
5560:
5551:
5539:. Retrieved
5534:
5525:
5513:. Retrieved
5508:
5499:
5490:
5484:
5464:
5457:
5448:
5438:
5430:
5418:. Retrieved
5409:
5400:
5388:. Retrieved
5384:the original
5377:
5368:
5334:
5330:
5322:
5318:
5307:
5297:
5285:. Retrieved
5273:
5260:
5248:
5240:
5213:
5192:
5171:
5154:
5146:Sint Maarten
5087:
5058:
5037:
5008:
4983:
4976:House of Ali
4962:
4951:Emperor Ćjin
4945:
4937:
4928:
4891:
4874:
4861:
4852:
4836:
4815:
4573:
4514:Cook Islands
4494:
4396:
4380:
4363:
4342:
4329:
4308:
4276:(ruling the
4253:
4233:
4204:Royal family
4089:Cadet branch
3775:street-level
3650:Presidential
3610:Dictatorship
3480:Part of the
3183:Turkmenistan
3126:Ilham Aliyev
3095:Mahamat DĂ©by
3078:DĂ©by family
2918:
2895:. Eminence,
2879:
2640:Saudi Arabia
2618:Saudi Arabia
2405:
2397:
2249:Saudi Arabia
2206:Saudi Arabia
1936:
1928:
1854:Saudi Arabia
1525:
1388:Western Liao
835:
659:to 1865 CE)
606:1,458 years
548:
520:South Africa
463:
446:
442:Ming dynasty
430:Ancient Iran
419:
383:
375:
320:
314:, is in the
297:
270:
251:
187:
182:
178:
168:
160:
155:
138:
126:Ancient Iran
115:
110:
106:
102:
90:
88:
69:, their son
50:
35:Royal family
5541:20 February
5515:20 February
5420:28 February
5133:Netherlands
4972:Banu Qatada
4895:Including:
4712:Isle of Man
4577:Including:
4527:New Zealand
4400:Including:
4369:Charles III
4124:Family seat
3914:Sovereignty
3879:Legislature
3782:Technocracy
3770:Bureaucracy
3635:Meritocracy
3615:Directorial
3224:Year ended
3218:Last Ruler
3140:Hun family
3100:Idriss DĂ©by
2974:Kim Il Sung
2969:Kim Jong Un
2964:North Korea
2885:governments
2775:King Rama I
2741:(in modern
2698:(in modern
2650:Emir Saud I
2616:(in modern
2540:(in modern
2520:Netherlands
2456:(in modern
2368:(in modern
2325:(in modern
2247:(in modern
2204:(in modern
2126:East Africa
2069:(in modern
1991:(in modern
1937:Druk Gyalpo
1929:Druk Gyalpo
1899:(in modern
1852:(in modern
1755:Saint Lucia
1710:New Zealand
1602:(in modern
1306:Plantagenet
765:Baduspanids
727: 1700
420:Historians
165:Terminology
116:Historians
95:monarchical
5788:Categories
5707:27 October
5595:7 February
5561:Al Jazeera
5410:ieg-ego.eu
5390:27 January
5247:"dynasty,
5225:References
5022:Terengganu
4726:Montserrat
4004:Governance
3994:Government
3989:Federalism
3590:City-state
3403:Omar Bongo
3121:Azerbaijan
2951:Kim family
2880:Though in
2854:Liwa Oasis
2349:Luxembourg
2065:GlĂŒcksburg
1987:Hadhramaut
1526:There are
1504:252 years
1491:258 years
1478:262 years
1465:262 years
1452:274 years
1439:275 years
1426:294 years
1409:296 years
1392:302 years
1375:302 years
1362:304 years
1349:319 years
1336:325 years
1323:329 years
1310:330 years
1297:334 years
1284:636 years
1271:344 years
1252:353 years
1239:355 years
1234:Revival LĂȘ
1221:363 years
1206:364 years
1189:364 years
1176:377 years
1163:400 years
1159:Achaemenid
1150:410 years
1137:418 years
1124:424 years
1111:427 years
1098:438 years
1085:443 years
1072:448 years
1055:470 years
1042:471 years
1029:474 years
1016:487 years
1003:518 years
973:598 years
960:608 years
945: 623
915:678 years
902:698 years
889:705 years
876:705 years
863:728 years
850:736 years
821:790 years
808:839 years
795:843 years
769:933 years
746: 891
695: 900
682:Bagrationi
676: 780
657:Tuʻi Tonga
428:, such as
335:Cumberland
281:morganatic
273:monarchist
228:Definition
124:, such as
5799:Dynasties
5774:0001-9909
5743:2633-304X
5679:25 August
5651:25 August
5623:25 August
5509:Aljazeera
5304:"dynasty"
5287:21 August
5206:Abu Dhabi
4920:Greenland
4699:Gibraltar
4314:William I
3984:Unitarism
3972:Elections
3960:Subseries
3889:Judiciary
3884:Executive
3787:Adhocracy
3670:Theocracy
3625:Feudalism
3605:Democracy
3455:22 years
3418:56 years
3408:Ali Bongo
3381:28 years
3342:43 years
3322:Nicaragua
3303:31 years
3266:60 years
3157:Hun Manet
2901:tradition
2897:influence
2889:republics
2406:Bendahara
1891:Thuringia
1594:Thuringia
1487:Thutmosid
1435:Ptolemaic
1401:Later Jin
1332:Bendahara
1248:Estridsen
1107:Sassanian
791:Kachhwaha
534:Longevity
456:Salic law
422:periodize
386:house law
293:abolition
179:dynasteĂa
175:ÎŽÏ
ΜαÏÏΔία
148:Salic law
118:periodize
99:republics
5794:Monarchy
5567:12 April
5414:Archived
5379:BBC News
5357:Archived
5329:"house,
5278:Archived
5078:through
4999:and the
4938:KĆshitsu
4841:Albert I
4589:Anguilla
4385:George V
4274:Holy See
4012:Ideology
3830:doctrine
3791:Service
3655:Republic
3640:Monarchy
3620:Federacy
3509:Category
3489:Politics
3473:See also
3209:Dynasty
3152:Cambodia
3059:Djibouti
2933:Dynasty
2909:nepotism
2905:genetics
2765:Thailand
2495:Tafilalt
2400:Abdullah
2392:Malaysia
2113:Eswatini
2030:Cambodia
2015:Cambodia
1544:Dynasty
1280:Habsburg
1230:Later LĂȘ
1215:Komnenos
872:Goguryeo
804:Capetian
701:Borjigid
524:Balobedu
453:Frankish
304:cognatic
289:Habsburg
279:and his
214:baronial
202:princely
194:imperial
183:dynĂĄstes
145:Frankish
5535:Reuters
5327:3rd ed.
5245:1st ed.
5120:Curaçao
4634:Bermuda
4565:Tokelau
4017:Culture
3927:Country
3585:Anarchy
3499:Outline
3212:Regime
3162:Hun Sen
2936:Regime
2882:elected
2655:Diriyah
2542:Germany
2480:Morocco
2370:Germany
2327:Austria
2286:Lesotho
2271:Lesotho
2071:Germany
2050:Denmark
1944:Trongsa
1901:Germany
1895:Bavaria
1876:Belgium
1835:Bahrain
1696:Jamaica
1681:Grenada
1636:Bahamas
1604:Germany
1598:Bavaria
1532:monarch
1530:with a
1500:Dunkeld
1461:Fatimid
1371:Lakhmid
1358:Romanov
1319:Jiménez
1185:Umayyad
1120:Davidic
1094:Mataram
1068:Shu Han
1051:Nabhani
1038:Arsacid
1012:Timurid
937:Ottoman
924:Bolkiah
885:Solomon
859:Rathore
846:Rurikid
830:Abbasid
752:Sayfawa
733:Adaside
655:(title
644:Sisodia
558:Dynasty
464:de jure
416:History
370:of the
300:agnatic
240:of the
210:comital
156:de jure
91:dynasty
5772:
5741:
5472:
5339:10. b.
5143:
5130:
5117:
5104:
5024:. The
4917:
4904:
4799:
4786:
4761:
4736:
4723:
4709:
4696:
4683:
4670:
4657:
4644:
4631:
4617:
4599:
4586:
4562:
4537:
4524:
4511:
4483:
4458:
4445:
4297:
4283:
4266:
3977:voting
3919:Polity
3817:Policy
3796:Public
3710:theory
3432:
3395:
3358:
3319:
3280:
3246:Taiwan
3243:
3180:
3149:
3118:
3087:
3056:
3025:
2992:
2961:
2907:, and
2891:, and
2836:
2801:
2762:
2743:France
2722:Sweden
2719:
2700:France
2676:
2637:
2596:
2561:
2536:Nassau
2517:
2477:
2437:Monaco
2434:
2389:
2364:Nassau
2346:
2303:
2268:
2228:Kuwait
2225:
2185:Jordan
2182:
2143:
2110:
2088:Norway
2085:
2047:
2012:
1968:Brunei
1965:
1948:Bhutan
1923:Bhutan
1920:
1873:
1832:
1812:
1800:Tuvalu
1797:
1782:
1767:
1752:
1737:
1722:
1693:
1678:
1666:Canada
1663:
1651:Belize
1648:
1633:
1618:
1576:
1474:Nasrid
1293:Stuart
1267:Argead
1133:Jafnid
1025:Goryeo
995:Joseon
956:Vijaya
947:years
911:Baekje
836:years
714:Bohkti
640:Guhila
570:Pandya
400:, the
258:throne
212:" or "
190:styled
109:" or "
107:family
42:Palace
5445:79â80
5281:(PDF)
5270:(PDF)
5107:Aruba
4936:, or
4225:Notes
4199:Realm
4000:forms
3923:State
3800:Civil
3504:Index
3452:2019
3449:1997
3415:2023
3412:1967
3398:Gabon
3378:1986
3375:1957
3361:Haiti
3339:1979
3336:1936
3300:1961
3297:1930
3263:1988
3260:1928
3197:2006
3166:1985
3135:1993
3104:1991
3073:1977
3042:1971
3028:Syria
3009:1967
2978:1948
2819:Tonga
2804:Tonga
2679:Spain
2599:Qatar
2458:Italy
2452:Genoa
2413:Johor
2200:Hejaz
2146:Japan
1993:Yemen
1983:Tarim
1548:Realm
1146:Piast
1081:ĂrpĂĄd
982:Shang
778:Silla
663:Tonga
589:Chola
256:to a
218:title
206:ducal
198:royal
171:Greek
103:house
5770:ISSN
5739:ISSN
5709:2023
5681:2023
5653:2023
5645:Time
5625:2023
5597:2024
5569:2024
5543:2024
5517:2024
5470:ISBN
5422:2023
5392:2013
5333:and
5289:2022
5196:The
5175:The
5158:The
5091:The
5062:The
5020:and
5012:The
4987:The
4966:The
4932:The
4878:The
4865:The
4819:The
4540:Niue
4498:The
4346:The
4241:and
3090:Chad
2995:Togo
2874:and
2612:Najd
2579:Oman
2564:Oman
2243:Najd
2161:Nara
1893:and
1848:Najd
1596:and
1519:and
1448:Tang
1420:and
1418:Ming
1405:Qing
1403:and
1386:and
1384:Liao
1345:Song
1200:and
1198:Yuan
1066:and
997:and
969:Ahom
834:764
817:Zhou
555:Era
236:The
208:", "
204:", "
200:", "
196:", "
192:as "
111:clan
105:", "
81:and
44:and
5766:100
5731:doi
5335:int
5251:."
2737:Pau
1985:in
1534:as
1064:Han
518:of
392:to
333:of
224:".
5790::
5764:.
5760:.
5737:.
5725:.
5698:.
5670:.
5642:.
5613:.
5586:.
5559:.
5533:.
5507:.
5447:.
5408:.
5376:.
5346:^
5337:,
5331:n.
5325:,
5306:.
5276:.
5272:.
5243:,
5233:^
4002:/
3925:/
3921:/
3798:/
2903:,
2899:,
1946:,
1258:c.
942:c.
743:c.
724:c.
692:c.
673:c.
642:-
631:c.
612:c.
580:c.
522:,
177:,
173::
89:A
77:,
65:,
5776:.
5745:.
5733::
5711:.
5683:.
5655:.
5627:.
5599:.
5571:.
5545:.
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5312:.
5291:.
5249:n
5187:.
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5082:.
5053:.
5032:.
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4978:.
4886:.
4810:.
4608:)
4604:(
4375:.
4337:.
4288:)
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2460:)
2372:)
2329:)
2251:)
2208:)
2073:)
1995:)
1903:)
1856:)
1606:)
1523:.
1236:)
380:.
48:.
37:.
30:.
23:.
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