324:
197:
22:
1688:
258:
287:. He seemed unlikely to be selected, but Frances made a direct approach to the Duke (who was also her uncle), and he got the job. Balfour's social standing appears to have been a significant factor in his appointment. He was the son-in-law of a Duke, nephew of a Marquess, and his wife was the sister-in-law of
424:
Eventually 20,000 volunteers were called up and fought in the war. However, Balfour's need to liaise with the 2nd Duke of
Westminster, who had just inherited the Grosvenor Estate, prevented him from joining his force when they travelled to South Africa at the end of 1899. He remained in command of
307:
The post involved a lot of design work for
Balfour, who seems to have been able to take whatever commissions he wanted, often delegating them to Turner. In the 1890s, Balfour and Turner appear to have been the most prolific designers of private houses on the estate, and in 1892 Balfour was made a
498:
Balfour's drinking problem became serious around 1906, and in 1909 his health began to deteriorate seriously. In
December 1910 he returned to Whittingehame, where he died aged 56 at 6 am on 14 February 1911, surrounded by his family. Eustace was the third of the five Balfour brothers to die
485:
Hartley writes that theirs was "not a particularly happy marriage". Knox confirms this view, noting that neither
Blanche Dugdale's memoirs nor Frances Balfour's autobiography write much about their relationship with Eustace, and that Frances wrote at length about his brother Arthur whom she "far
481:
Accounts of their marriage diverge widely. Frances's congenital hip dislocation left her in constant pain, and often irritable. The couple's temperament and interests were opposites, Frances's enthusiasm for politics and intellectual company contrasting with her husband's lifelong passion for
489:
Author Joan B. Huffman is more cautious, noting that crucial sources are unavailable since
Frances destroyed all Eustace's letters to her. However, Huffman records that she did support her husband when his sister Alice repeatedly challenged him over his drinking.
544:
315:
Balfour also supervised projects which were contracted to other designers. The Duke favoured the domestic revival style of architecture, and particularly insisted on red brick for dwelling houses. Balfour, who deplored the previously fashionable
188:, and married soon afterwards in St John's Presbyterian Church in London. Frances's father was shocked at their haste. Out of respect for Balfour's mother, who had died in 1878, the wedding was modest, with no formal meal and no honeymoon.
362:
as "a purely personal record of
Thackeray Turner's particular tastes". However, the building was not in fact demolished. Instead, it was dismantled and reconstructed in altered form at Uppingham Avenue in the north-west London suburb of
425:
the London
Scottish until late 1902, when he resigned in protest at financial controls that prevented payments to volunteers if there was an insufficient number of raised troops. On his resignation he was granted the honorary rank of
378:(equivalent to £85.3 million in 2024). The resulting financial pressure meant that little rebuilding occurred until 1906, and when it resumed Balfour's influence was diminished. He had little affinity with the hedonistic young
299:
in 1871). Balfour had a strong sense of social class, and
Frances Balfour later described the 1st Duke of Westminster as having run the estate "not as today on commercial lines, but more as a Principality". Even so, his brother
796:
2011:
358:-style blending of influences, it had a plain frontage with a basilican interior, and some gothic tracery. When its demolition was planned in 1938, it was dismissed by
354:. Their other most notable work was St Anselm's Church in Davies Street, believed to have been mostly Turner's work, which was regarded as eccentric. Using an
304:'s wife Lady Elizabeth Balfour noted that when the surveyor called on the Duke in his professional role he was "never offered a chair and never expected one".
1519:
928:
735:
374:. His second decade in the role was less significant than the first, because the death in 1899 of the 1st Duke brought the estate a bill for £600,000 in
309:
506:
Balfour was buried at
Whittingehame, with his parents and grandparents. Frances survived him by 20 years (until 1931), and was buried alongside him.
371:
216:
421:, and Balfour reacted angrily, complaining that volunteers were "expected to be fit for service while we are vigorously debarred from seeing any".
312:. Their own work included most of the wholly redeveloped Balfour Place in Mayfair, formerly known as Portugal Street and renamed for the architect.
1804:
139:
1798:
413:
loomed, Balfour offered to raise a thousand men to go and fight, but it was considered too early to begin that effort. His offer to the minister
239:
115:
1981:
1971:
1966:
1714:
1735:
1709:
1986:
1740:
1677:
1401:
207:
Balfour's first years of architectural practice consisted of small projects for family and friends. These included the restoration of
1976:
46:
98:
A fastidious and somewhat withdrawn individual, Balfour succumbed to alcoholism in his fifties. This brought about his early death.
2006:
1905:
1654:
465:
231:
within the parish of
Hatfield for Balfour's uncle the Marquis of Salisbury, it became the parish church of Hatfield Hyde in 1928.
897:
379:
276:
261:
242:
since his undergraduate days in Cambridge, and Turner was the Society's secretary. Together the two men were engaged to rebuild
1730:
1598:
1378:
1344:
1160:
874:
833:
1910:
1704:
672:
185:
41:
and nephew of another, his career was built on family connections. His mother was the daughter of a Marquess, and his wife
38:
1786:
301:
177:
292:
50:
2016:
1991:
1627:
1561:
433:
296:
323:
131:
1203:
2001:
1996:
1879:
395:
84:
959:
1826:
1647:
331:, Harrow, a Balfour & Turner design which was moved from its original location in Davies Street, London
471:
Oswald Herbert Campbell Balfour (1894–1953), Military Secretary to the Governor-General of Canada, 1921–23
1846:
196:
673:"BALFOUR, James (c.1775–1845), of Whittinghame, Haddington; Balgonie, Fife, and 3 Grosvenor Square, Mdx"
698:
162:
154:
1623:
119:
1189:
646:
21:
1780:
1768:
500:
399:
223:, and the church of St Mary Magdalene in the hamlet of Hatfield Hyde. The church, which is now in
68:, but he won only one major commission in this field. However, his appointment as surveyor of the
1841:
1640:
405:
He began to take a wider interest in defence issues, writing extensively on the subject, such as
367:
as the church of St Anslelm Belmont. The parish describes it as "a genuinely recycled building".
135:
37:(8 June 1854 – 14 February 1911) was a London-based Scottish architect. The brother of one
1756:
426:
111:
65:
1368:
1150:
864:
823:
1762:
1588:
1551:
1334:
359:
251:
247:
235:
61:
1632:
1477:
1457:
1234:
1123:
1096:
1069:
1042:
991:
583:
459:(1880–1948), a biographer of her uncle the Prime Minister Arthur Balfour, and later a noted
320:, laid down strict architectural guidelines, sometimes even redesigning the work of others.
1961:
1956:
1863:
1497:
142:, was three times Prime Minister before being succeeded in 1902 by Eustace's elder brother
1293:
733:
Huffman, Joan B. "Balfour , Lady Frances (1858–1931), suffragist leader and churchwoman".
8:
1925:
1871:
1836:
257:
107:
1687:
87:
in London. His outspokenness on military matters was a factor in his appointment as an
1887:
1517:
Percy, Clayre. "Dugdale , Blanche Elizabeth Campbell (1880–1948), author and Zionist".
1502:
1482:
1462:
1336:
Volunteers on the Veld: Britain's Citizen-soldiers and the South African War, 1899–1902
1298:
1260:
1177:
224:
1239:
Survey of London: volume 39: The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 1 (General History)
1128:
Survey of London: volume 39: The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 1 (General History)
996:
Survey of London: volume 39: The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 1 (General History)
588:
Survey of London: volume 39: The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 1 (General History)
1594:
1557:
1374:
1340:
1156:
870:
829:
516:
in London, described him as "a large, loveable man, and one of the best of talkers".
340:
1101:
Survey of London: volume 40: The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 2 (The Buildings)
1074:
Survey of London: volume 40: The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 2 (The Buildings)
1047:
Survey of London: volume 40: The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 2 (The Buildings)
769:
429:
on 1 November 1902, with permission to wear the uniform of the corps in retirement.
1821:
1524:
1017:
933:
905:
740:
284:
280:
265:
208:
166:
69:
1536:
945:
752:
1920:
1831:
1792:
1584:
1314:
1266:
509:
456:
410:
398:
in 1882, becoming a Lieutenant in 1883, and Lieutenant-Colonel in command of the
364:
355:
344:
328:
275:
completion in 1889, and in 1890 Balfour applied for the post of surveyor for the
173:
158:
42:
1427:"Naval & Military intelligence - Reported resignation of a Volunteer C.O.".
1663:
1528:
1271:
1267:"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)"
937:
744:
414:
317:
288:
228:
212:
165:, before setting up his own practice in 1879, with an office in Addison Road,
143:
54:
80:
in the 1890s and 1900s, and the opportunity to design many buildings himself.
1950:
1935:
436:. Despite his differences with government, or possibly because of them, King
383:
336:
150:
441:
375:
246:
in Suffolk, which had been destroyed by fire Their design, in a restrained
181:
88:
992:"The Administration of the Estate 1785–1899: The Estate Entailed, 1845–99"
513:
347:
243:
200:
1590:
Rudyard Kipling: Something of Myself and Other Autobiographical Writings
1211:
437:
418:
238:, which lasted until Balfour's death. Balfour had been a member of the
220:
127:
92:
370:
Balfour held the surveyor's post until 1910, when he was succeeded by
350:
which was replaced in 1932 by a modernist apartment block designed by
211:
for his father-in-law the Duke of Argyll, an extension to his brother
203:
in Suffolk, rebuilt in the 1880s to the design of Balfour & Turner
1930:
1915:
825:
Architecture in the Family Way: Doctors, Houses, and Women, 1870–1900
386:
and others had persuaded to adopt a less rigid architectural policy.
77:
351:
114:
and his wife Lady Blanche Mary Harriet Gascoyne-Cecil, daughter of
866:
The Lives of Scottish Women: Women and Scottish Society, 1800–1980
926:
White, William. "Turner, Hugh Thackeray (1853–1937), architect".
898:"Church of St Mary Magdalene, Hollybush Lane, Welwyn Garden City"
468:(1884–1965), who became a colonial Governor in Sudan in the 1920s
460:
157:, where he graduated in 1873. He then studied architecture under
73:
26:
1370:
Riflemen Form: A Study of the Rifle Volunteer Movement 1859–1908
126:
who had made the family's fortune as a contractor supplying the
272:
29:
district of London, designed by and named after Eustace Balfour
343:, an "ornate but stunted" free-standing stone mansion for the
1662:
123:
444:
for Volunteer Forces, with the substantive rank of colonel.
664:
134:
Member of Parliament (MP), while his mother's father was a
49:, was the daughter of a Duke. Frances's sister in-law was
677:
The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1820–1832
503:
having both been killed in accidents in the early 1880s.
477:
Alison Catherine Campbell Balfour (died 3 September 1955)
234:
In 1885, Balfour began a professional partnership with
1446:. No. 36917. London. 5 November 1902. p. 11.
1316:
The Conditions and Requirements of the Volunteer Force
1286:
985:
983:
981:
979:
977:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
629:
627:
625:
552:. No. 39509. London. 15 February 1911. p. 11
407:
The Conditions and Requirements of the Volunteer Force
72:
in London gave him architectural control over much of
1470:
1431:. No. 36897. London. 13 October 1902. p. 7.
1115:
1061:
623:
621:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
432:
At the end of December 1902, Balfour was awarded the
176:, the fifth daughter and tenth of twelve children of
16:
Scottish architect and officer in the Volunteer Force
2012:
Fellows of the Royal Institute of British Architects
1124:"Plate 38: Buildings designed by Balfour and Turner"
1226:
974:
310:
Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects
764:
762:
602:
543:
264:, who employed Eustace Balfour as surveyor of the
227:, was originally known as Hyde Chapel. Built as a
1339:. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 53, 57.
1196:
691:
482:shooting and his later interest in the military.
1948:
1805:Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
1490:
919:
440:appointed Balfour in January 1903 as a military
1799:James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
1312:
1010:
952:
759:
452:Eustace and Frances Balfour had five children:
240:Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings
116:James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
1142:
1034:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
718:
584:"The Architecture of the Estate: Ducal Heyday"
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
110:in East Lothian, the youngest of five sons of
1648:
1148:
138:cabinet minister in the 1850s. Her brother,
1523:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1510:
1253:
932:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
797:"Balfour, Eustace James Anthony (BLFR873EJ)"
739:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
671:Fisher, David R. (2009). D.R. Fisher (ed.).
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
1149:Cherry, Bridget; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1991).
869:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 102.
715:
564:
447:
1655:
1641:
1593:. Cambridge University Press. p. 51.
1664:Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour
1328:
1326:
1263:inflation figures are based on data from
1088:
795:
525:
474:Joan Eleanor Campbell Balfour (died 1939)
169:which was also his home until his death.
140:Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Lord Salisbury
1906:February 1906 City of London by-election
1496:
1476:
1456:
1292:
1232:
1121:
1094:
1067:
1040:
989:
581:
322:
256:
195:
20:
1583:
1577:
1549:
1543:
1520:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1366:
1360:
929:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
890:
858:
856:
854:
852:
736:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
647:"Colonel Eustace James Anthony Balfour"
262:Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster
1949:
1553:Historical Dictionary of British Women
1394:
1332:
1323:
1155:. Yale University Press. p. 299.
815:
791:
789:
670:
1636:
1442:"Naval & Military intelligence".
1264:
1235:"The Estate in the Twentieth Century"
828:. McGill-Queen's Press. p. 158.
821:
1982:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
1972:Military personnel from East Lothian
1967:People from Haddington, East Lothian
1911:Arthur Balfour Professor of Genetics
1070:"Plate 93: Aldford House, Park Lane"
862:
849:
295:(who had married her oldest brother
83:Balfour was a senior officer of the
786:
732:
178:George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll
13:
1987:Alcohol-related deaths in Scotland
1686:
1241:. Institute of Historical Research
1130:. Institute of Historical Research
1103:. Institute of Historical Research
1076:. Institute of Historical Research
1049:. Institute of Historical Research
998:. Institute of Historical Research
590:. Institute of Historical Research
457:Blanche Elizabeth Campbell Dugdale
14:
2028:
1628:National Portrait Gallery, London
1617:
1516:
1486:. 30 December 1902. p. 8968.
1466:. 14 November 1902. p. 7244.
925:
651:Dictionary of Scottish architects
402:of Volunteers from 1894 to 1902.
335:Balfour and Turner also designed
1977:People educated at Harrow School
1233:Sheppard, F. H. W., ed. (1977).
1122:Sheppard, F. H. W., ed. (1977).
1095:Sheppard, F. H. W., ed. (1980).
1068:Sheppard, F. H. W., ed. (1980).
1041:Sheppard, F. H. W., ed. (1980).
990:Sheppard, F. H. W., ed. (1977).
582:Sheppard, F. H. W., ed. (1977).
250:style, was Balfour's only major
149:Eustace Balfour was educated at
2007:Balfour family of Whittingehame
1880:Jennie: Lady Randolph Churchill
1450:
1435:
1420:
1306:
512:, a member like Balfour of the
191:
1587:(1990). Pinney, Thomas (ed.).
1506:. 6 January 1903. p. 106.
1373:. Pen and Sword. p. 211.
466:Francis Cecil Campbell Balfour
434:Volunteer Officers' Decoration
60:Balfour's initial work was on
1:
1827:Committee of Imperial Defence
1302:. 2 January 1883. p. 32.
519:
409:(1886). In July 1899, as the
327:St Anslelm Belmont church in
101:
35:Eustace James Anthony Balfour
1624:Portraits of Eustace Balfour
1537:UK public library membership
946:UK public library membership
753:UK public library membership
679:. Cambridge University Press
499:relatively young, Cecil and
394:In 1882, Balfour joined the
389:
7:
1847:Balfour Declaration of 1926
1367:Beckett, Ian F. W. (2007).
1333:Miller, Stephen M. (2007).
1018:"Argyll, Duke of (S, 1701)"
801:A Cambridge Alumni Database
382:(grandson of the 1st), who
118:. His paternal grandfather
53:, daughter of the reigning
10:
2033:
962:. British Listed Buildings
180:. The couple had met at a
163:Newnham College, Cambridge
155:Trinity College, Cambridge
1898:
1855:
1814:
1749:
1723:
1697:
1684:
1670:
1556:. Routledge. p. 63.
1406:Boston Evening Transcript
803:. University of Cambridge
545:"Colonel Eustace Balfour"
2017:London Scottish officers
1992:Volunteer Force officers
1781:Francis Maitland Balfour
1769:Eleanor Mildred Sidgwick
1313:Eustace Balfour (1886).
822:Adams, Annmarie (1996).
493:
448:Personal life and family
400:London Scottish Regiment
380:Hugh Grosvenor, 2nd Duke
1842:Washington Naval Treaty
1550:Hartley, Cathy (2013).
1265:Clark, Gregory (2017).
486:preferred to Eustace".
277:1st Duke of Westminster
66:Scottish country houses
2002:Architects from London
1997:People from Kensington
1757:James Maitland Balfour
1691:
1529:10.1093/ref:odnb/62138
938:10.1093/ref:odnb/64099
863:Knox, William (2006).
745:10.1093/ref:odnb/30554
332:
271:Work was scarce after
268:
204:
172:On 12 May 1879 he wed
130:in India and became a
112:James Maitland Balfour
39:British Prime Minister
30:
1763:Alice Blanche Balfour
1690:
1402:"In Fear of Invasion"
1043:"Aldford Street Area"
360:H. S. Goodhart-Rendel
326:
260:
236:Hugh Thackeray Turner
219:Strathconan House in
199:
186:Lord and Lady Goschen
174:Lady Frances Campbell
25:Balfour Place in the
24:
1864:Clara in Blunderland
1152:London 3: North West
106:Balfour was born at
1872:Lost in Blunderland
1837:Balfour Declaration
417:was ignored by the
184:given in London by
108:Whittingehame House
1888:Edward the Seventh
1856:In popular culture
1692:
1503:The London Gazette
1483:The London Gazette
1463:The London Gazette
1299:The London Gazette
1261:Retail Price Index
1208:St Anslelm Belmont
1022:Cracroft's Peerage
774:Cracroft's Peerage
703:Cracroft's Peerage
333:
269:
225:Welwyn Garden City
205:
161:, the designer of
31:
1944:
1943:
1698:General elections
1600:978-0-521-35515-5
1535:(Subscription or
1380:978-1-84415-612-2
1346:978-0-8061-3864-0
1162:978-0-300-09652-1
944:(Subscription or
876:978-0-7486-1788-3
835:978-0-7735-1386-0
751:(Subscription or
318:Gothic revivalism
2024:
1926:Bob's your uncle
1822:Entente Cordiale
1657:
1650:
1643:
1634:
1633:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1585:Kipling, Rudyard
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1547:
1541:
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1532:
1514:
1508:
1507:
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1303:
1290:
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1283:
1281:
1279:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1210:. Archived from
1200:
1194:
1193:
1187:
1183:
1181:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1119:
1113:
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1108:
1092:
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1065:
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1054:
1038:
1032:
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1030:
1028:
1014:
1008:
1007:
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1003:
987:
972:
971:
969:
967:
956:
950:
949:
941:
923:
917:
916:
914:
912:
906:English Heritage
902:Heritage Gateway
894:
888:
887:
885:
883:
860:
847:
846:
844:
842:
819:
813:
812:
810:
808:
793:
784:
783:
782:
780:
766:
757:
756:
748:
730:
713:
712:
711:
709:
695:
689:
688:
686:
684:
668:
662:
661:
659:
657:
643:
600:
599:
597:
595:
579:
562:
561:
559:
557:
547:
540:
291:'s 4th daughter
281:Grosvenor Estate
266:Grosvenor Estate
209:Inveraray Castle
167:North Kensington
70:Grosvenor Estate
2032:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2021:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1921:Earl of Balfour
1894:
1851:
1832:Balfour Mission
1810:
1795:(sister-in-law)
1793:Frances Balfour
1775:Eustace Balfour
1745:
1736:Manchester East
1719:
1693:
1682:
1666:
1661:
1620:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1548:
1544:
1534:
1515:
1511:
1495:
1491:
1475:
1471:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1411:
1409:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1365:
1361:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1331:
1324:
1311:
1307:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1275:
1258:
1254:
1244:
1242:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1214:on 4 March 2016
1202:
1201:
1197:
1185:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1147:
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1957:1854 births
1671:Premiership
1498:"No. 27513"
1478:"No. 27510"
1458:"No. 27495"
1294:"No. 25184"
1186:|work=
1097:"Park Lane"
699:"Salisbury"
514:Savile Club
348:Alfred Beit
244:Ampton Hall
201:Ampton Hall
1951:Categories
1891:(TV, 1975)
1883:(TV, 1974)
1539:required.)
948:required.)
755:required.)
520:References
438:Edward VII
419:War Office
221:Ross-shire
128:Royal Navy
102:Early life
47:suffragist
45:, a noted
1931:The Souls
1916:Balfouria
1789:(brother)
1783:(brother)
1777:(brother)
1678:1902–1905
1444:The Times
1429:The Times
1204:"Welcome"
1188:ignored (
1178:cite book
770:"Balfour"
550:The Times
390:Volunteer
341:Park Lane
78:Belgravia
1899:See also
1771:(sister)
1765:(sister)
1759:(father)
1731:Hertford
352:Val Myer
273:Ampton's
248:Jacobean
33:Colonel
1807:(uncle)
1626:at the
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501:Francis
461:Zionist
427:colonel
365:Belmont
329:Belmont
153:and at
74:Mayfair
62:English
43:Frances
27:Mayfair
1815:Career
1750:Family
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302:Gerald
213:Arthur
151:Harrow
122:was a
1278:7 May
494:Death
124:nabob
1705:1906
1608:2014
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1388:2014
1375:ISBN
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1341:ISBN
1280:2024
1247:2014
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1190:help
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1157:ISBN
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297:John
182:ball
132:Tory
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