219:(1943), is based on the distinction between being-in-itself and being-for-itself. Beauvoir placed her discourse on existential phenomenology within her intertwining of literature and philosophy as a way to reflect concrete experience. In her works on women's lived experiences, she attempted to address the problems between the sexes as well as the reconciliation of related strands of continental philosophical traditions, which include the philosophy of Heidegger, the phenomenological methods of Husserl and Sartre, and
102:", Jean-Paul Sartre says that "man is a being whose existence precedes his essence". Both point out that any individual's identity is a matter of the social, historical, political, and economic situation into which he or she is born. This frees phenomenology from needing to find a universal ground to all experience, since it will always be partial and influenced by the philosopher's own situation.
95:) because Heidegger argued that Kierkegaard had already described the latter in "penetrating fashion". Most existentialist phenomenologists were concerned with how people are constituted by their experiences and yet how they are also free in some respect to modify both themselves and the greater world in which they live.
134:
explored the legacy of racism and colonialism on the psyches' of black men. However, they all in different ways also stressed the freedom which humans have to alter their experiences through rebellion, political action, writing, thinking, and being. If people are constituted by the human social
261:(Purdue UP, 1977; rpt. 1978) was the first book to explain to Anglophonic academics – systematically and comprehensively – the range of literary theories and practices identified with "phenomenological literary criticism" on the Continent. The practices of the Francophone
285:
receive a treatment over 100 pages long all-told. The polemics involving phenomenology and its opponents are addressed in separate chapters, entitled respectively "Phenomenology
Confronts Parisian Structuralism," and "The Problem of Validity in
226:
Arendt's existential phenomenology reflected a distrust of mass society and her preference for the preservation of social groups citing the persecution of Jews as an example of victimization by societies' atomizing processes.
67:. In Heidegger's philosophy, people are thrown into the world in a given situation, but they are also a project towards the future, possibility, freedom, wait, hope, anguish. In contrast with the philosopher
124:
discusses how totalitarian regimes in the 20th century presented entirely new regimes of terror that shaped how people understand political life in her work
367:
299:
253:, especially in the phenomenological and Heideggerian approaches to space, place, dwelling, technology, etc. In literary theory and criticism,
184:
110:" because even phenomenologists cannot resist how they have been shaped by their history, culture, society, and language. In her work
703:
342:
631:
603:
553:
397:
392:
198:. Many of these phenomenologists' conceptions of the self and self-consciousness are built on criticisms of or response to
312:
269:, and those of several other theorists/critics, are explained in detail. The influences of the phenomenological theorist
528:
503:
478:
453:
578:
322:
126:
1190:
205:
Sartre synthesized
Husserl and Heidegger's ideas. His modifications include his replacement of Husserl's concept,
1044:
372:
220:
23:, but argues for the temporality of personal existence as the framework for analysis of the human condition.
120:
explored how greatly norms of gender shape the very sense of self that women have, in distinction from men.
767:
696:
655:
430:
245:
19:
encompasses a wide range of thinkers who take up the view that philosophy must begin from experience like
107:
1159:
806:
787:
362:
20:
782:
240:
135:
world, then it is only humans that created it and can create a new world if they take up this task.
731:
726:
647:
309:
The field of psychology includes an approach known as “existential-phenomenological psychology.”
1119:
943:
689:
1079:
1195:
1144:
1099:
741:
1069:
826:
736:
215:
180:
103:
294:. The 1978 rpt. of Magliola's book features on its back cover very strong endorsements from
746:
250:
46:
1049:
352:
8:
1124:
1074:
1004:
903:
836:
811:
172:
117:
1164:
1109:
933:
888:
654:(New York: Rizzoli, 1980). This is also felt with the practices of architects in the
627:
599:
574:
549:
524:
499:
474:
449:
148:
908:
1154:
1089:
1084:
1054:
1024:
1019:
974:
959:
928:
898:
332:
303:
278:
168:
160:
64:
38:
1014:
1169:
1149:
984:
792:
410:
347:
254:
1059:
1029:
994:
923:
918:
712:
337:
295:
282:
274:
270:
199:
164:
112:
99:
42:
33:
1184:
1034:
964:
893:
821:
262:
236:
152:
121:
55:("being-there"), human being, investigating the fundamental structure of the
249:
in a perspective that is existential-phenomenological. It has also impacted
1114:
1104:
1039:
1009:
989:
979:
938:
878:
873:
843:
357:
287:
266:
213:. His existential phenomenology, which is articulated in his works such as
195:
189:
156:
131:
84:
235:
Existential phenomenology also extends to other disciplines. For example,
1094:
999:
913:
883:
327:
176:
144:
68:
265:(-of literary criticism), those of the Swiss-German theorist and critic
969:
850:
672:
63:, Husserl's term) underlying all so-called regional ontologies of the
1064:
816:
772:
626:. Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 9, 151.
60:
831:
681:
291:
799:
51:
777:
143:
Besides
Heidegger, other existential phenomenologists were
398:"Phenomenological movement: 4. Existential phenomenology
106:
argued that the lesson of
Husserl's reduction is that "
652:
368:
624:
596:
The Oxford
Handbook of the History of Phenomenology
414:Dialogues in Philosophy, Mental and Neuro Sciences
98:Building on Heidegger's language that people are "
49:. This is based on an observation and analysis of
621:
1182:
411:Some reflections on the phenomenological method.
598:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 40.
45:'s phenomenological project into what he terms
697:
443:
259:Phenomenology and Literature: An Introduction
71:, Heidegger wanted to explore the problem of
841:
797:
650:, as for example is the case with his book:
89:
77:
704:
690:
573:. London: Psychology Press. p. 60.
343:Interpretative phenomenological analysis
622:O'Brien, Wendy; Embree, Lester (2001).
543:
1183:
593:
568:
468:
685:
617:
615:
518:
493:
667:See review by W. Wolfgang Holdheim,
393:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy
230:
673:https://www.jstor.org/stable/464782
13:
711:
612:
14:
1207:
323:British Society for Phenomenology
671:, Vol. 9, No. 2 (summer, 1979):
646:This is evident in the works of
571:Jean-Paul Sartre: Basic Writings
209:, with Heidegger's structure of
661:
640:
587:
548:. Oxon: Routledge. p. 66.
473:. University of Chicago Press.
444:Merleau-Ponty, Maurice (2013).
562:
537:
512:
487:
462:
437:
431:"Existentialism is a Humanism"
423:
403:
385:
221:George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
138:
108:there is no complete reduction
1:
373:World Phenomenology Institute
656:Phenomenology (architecture)
7:
546:Understanding Phenomenology
446:Phenomenology of Perception
316:
26:
10:
1212:
807:Existence precedes essence
569:Sartre, Jean-Paul (2001).
544:Cerbone, David R. (2006).
409:Farina, Gabriella (2014).
363:Phenomenology (philosophy)
223:'s philosophy of history.
1137:
952:
866:
859:
760:
719:
521:The Wretched of the Earth
246:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
241:The Philosophical Brothel
17:Existential phenomenology
648:Christian Norberg-Schulz
378:
1191:Types of existentialism
496:Black Skin, White Masks
469:Arendt, Hannah (2018).
448:. New York: Routledge.
1145:Continental philosophy
842:
798:
519:Fanon, Frantz (2004).
494:Fanon, Frantz (2008).
243:" describes Picasso's
90:
78:
216:Being and Nothingness
181:Maurice Merleau-Ponty
104:Maurice Merleau-Ponty
100:thrown into the world
594:Zahavi, Dan (2018).
306:and Ralph Freedman.
251:architectural theory
47:fundamental ontology
471:The Human Condition
273:, the early-phase (
211:being-in-the -world
202:'s initial views.
127:The Human Condition
812:Existential crisis
173:Simone de Beauvoir
118:Simone de Beauvoir
1178:
1177:
1165:Transcendentalism
1133:
1132:
633:978-90-481-5732-7
605:978-0-19-875534-0
555:978-1-84465-054-5
353:Søren Kierkegaard
231:Other disciplines
149:Wilhelmus Luijpen
1203:
1155:Marxist humanism
864:
863:
847:
803:
752:Phenomenological
706:
699:
692:
683:
682:
676:
665:
659:
644:
638:
637:
619:
610:
609:
591:
585:
584:
566:
560:
559:
541:
535:
534:
516:
510:
509:
491:
485:
484:
466:
460:
459:
441:
435:
434:
427:
421:
407:
401:
389:
333:Emmanuel Levinas
304:Monroe Beardsley
279:Martin Heidegger
193:
169:Jean-Paul Sartre
161:Emmanuel Levinas
93:
81:
65:special sciences
39:Martin Heidegger
1211:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1170:Western Marxism
1150:German idealism
1129:
1080:Ortega y Gasset
948:
855:
793:Being in itself
756:
715:
710:
680:
679:
666:
662:
645:
641:
634:
620:
613:
606:
592:
588:
581:
567:
563:
556:
542:
538:
531:
523:. Grove Press.
517:
513:
506:
498:. Grove Press.
492:
488:
481:
467:
463:
456:
442:
438:
429:
428:
424:
408:
404:
390:
386:
381:
348:Jacques Derrida
319:
255:Robert Magliola
233:
187:
141:
83:), rather than
75:existentially (
29:
12:
11:
5:
1209:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
956:
954:
950:
949:
947:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
870:
868:
861:
857:
856:
854:
853:
848:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
764:
762:
758:
757:
755:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
723:
721:
717:
716:
713:Existentialism
709:
708:
701:
694:
686:
678:
677:
660:
639:
632:
611:
604:
586:
579:
561:
554:
536:
530:978-0802141323
529:
511:
505:978-0802143006
504:
486:
480:978-0226586601
479:
461:
455:978-0415834339
454:
436:
422:
402:
383:
382:
380:
377:
376:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
338:Existentialism
335:
330:
325:
318:
315:
296:Robert Scholes
283:Mikel Dufrenne
275:existentialist
271:Roman Ingarden
232:
229:
200:Edmund Husserl
165:Gabriel Marcel
140:
137:
113:The Second Sex
43:Edmund Husserl
34:Being and Time
28:
25:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1208:
1197:
1196:Phenomenology
1194:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1160:Phenomenology
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1070:Merleau-Ponty
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
957:
955:
951:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
869:
865:
862:
858:
852:
849:
846:
845:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
822:Leap of faith
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
802:
801:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
765:
763:
759:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
724:
722:
718:
714:
707:
702:
700:
695:
693:
688:
687:
684:
674:
670:
664:
657:
653:
649:
643:
635:
629:
625:
618:
616:
607:
601:
597:
590:
582:
580:0-415-21367-3
576:
572:
565:
557:
551:
547:
540:
532:
526:
522:
515:
507:
501:
497:
490:
482:
476:
472:
465:
457:
451:
447:
440:
432:
426:
419:
415:
412:
406:
399:
395:
394:
388:
384:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
320:
314:
313:
310:
307:
305:
301:
300:Eugene Kaelin
297:
293:
289:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:Geneva School
260:
256:
252:
248:
247:
242:
238:
237:Leo Steinberg
228:
224:
222:
218:
217:
212:
208:
203:
201:
197:
191:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
153:Hannah Arendt
150:
146:
136:
133:
129:
128:
123:
122:Hannah Arendt
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
101:
96:
94:
92:
86:
85:existentielly
82:
80:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
40:
36:
35:
24:
22:
21:phenomenology
18:
1100:Soloveitchik
953:Philosophers
844:Ressentiment
783:Authenticity
751:
668:
663:
651:
642:
623:
595:
589:
570:
564:
545:
539:
520:
514:
495:
489:
470:
464:
445:
439:
425:
417:
413:
405:
391:
387:
358:Paul Ricoeur
311:
308:
288:E. D. Hirsch
267:Emil Staiger
258:
244:
234:
225:
214:
210:
206:
204:
196:Samuel Todes
157:Karl Jaspers
142:
132:Frantz Fanon
125:
111:
97:
91:existenziell
88:
76:
72:
56:
50:
32:
30:
16:
15:
1050:Kierkegaard
768:Abandonment
328:Edith Stein
188: [
177:Edith Stein
145:Max Scheler
139:Development
79:existenzial
69:Kierkegaard
1185:Categories
1085:Rosenzweig
904:Giacometti
889:Dostoevsky
851:Thrownness
669:Diacritics
420:(2):50–62.
239:'s essay "
57:Lebenswelt
1075:Nietzsche
1025:Heidegger
960:Abbagnano
817:Facticity
788:Bad faith
773:Absurdism
732:Christian
727:Atheistic
281:, and of
185:Enzo Paci
61:lifeworld
41:reframes
1045:Kaufmann
1005:Beauvoir
985:Bultmann
975:Berdyaev
832:Nihilism
761:Concepts
747:Nihilist
720:Variants
658:movement
396:(1998):
317:See also
27:Overview
1138:Related
1110:Unamuno
1105:Tillich
1095:Shestov
1055:Levinas
1040:Jaspers
1030:Husserl
1020:Fondane
1015:Flusser
995:Carlyle
934:Unamuno
919:Mahfouz
909:Ionesco
899:Fondane
894:Ellison
874:Buzzati
867:Artists
827:Meaning
742:Islamic
292:Husserl
1125:Zapffe
1120:Wright
1115:Wilson
1090:Sartre
1060:Marcel
1000:Cioran
965:Arendt
944:Wright
939:Wilson
929:Sartre
924:Marcel
884:Cioran
860:People
800:Dasein
737:Jewish
630:
602:
577:
552:
527:
502:
477:
452:
207:epoche
73:Dasein
52:Dasein
1035:James
1010:Fanon
990:Camus
980:Buber
970:Barth
914:Kafka
879:Camus
837:Other
778:Angst
379:Notes
192:]
628:ISBN
600:ISBN
575:ISBN
550:ISBN
525:ISBN
500:ISBN
475:ISBN
450:ISBN
290:and
194:and
1065:May
257:'s
31:In
1187::
614:^
416:,
302:,
298:,
277:)
190:it
183:,
179:,
175:,
171:,
167:,
163:,
159:,
155:,
151:,
147:,
130:.
116:,
37:,
705:e
698:t
691:v
675:.
636:.
608:.
583:.
558:.
533:.
508:.
483:.
458:.
433:.
418:7
400:.
87:(
59:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.