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solid state electronics – for example, CCDs for image sensors, dynamic RAMs, and non-volatile memory devices such as EPROM and flash memories. Intel took advantage of the SGT for its memory development. Federico Faggin, frustrated, left
Fairchild to join Intel in 1970 and design the first microprocessors using SGT. Among the investors of Intel were Hodgson and five of the founding members of Fairchild.
883:, a British company. Lamond had recruited Sporck to be his own boss. When negotiations with Plessey broke down over stock options, Lamond and Sporck succumbed to Widlar's and Talbert's (who were already employed at National Semiconductor) suggestion that they look to National Semiconductor. Widlar and Talbert had earlier left Fairchild to join Molectro, which was later acquired by National Semiconductor.
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744:(IC) based on bipolar technology. In 1960, Noyce invented the planar integrated circuit. The industry preferred Fairchild's invention over Texas Instruments' because the transistors in planar ICs were interconnected by a thin film deposit, whereas Texas Instruments' invention required fine wires to connect the individual circuits. Noyce's invention was enabled by the
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that could be produced commercially. Based on 'planar' technology, an earlier
Fairchild breakthrough, Noyce's invention consisted of a complete electronic circuit inside a small silicon chip. His innovation helped revolutionize 'Silicon Valley's' semiconductor electronics industry, and brought profound change to the lives of people everywhere."
832:. It had the advantage of being extremely simple – each inverter consisted of just one transistor and two resistors. The logic family had many drawbacks that had made it marginal for commercial purposes, and not well suited for military applications: the logic could only tolerate about 100 millivolts of
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In the early 1980s, Fairchild was one of several silicon valley tech companies involved in a lawsuit brought on by residents of San Jose, California. The case pertained to industrial solvent contamination of ground water and soil in San Jose's Los Paseos neighborhood. A settlement was reached and the
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and most managers had grown upset and disillusioned with corporate focus on unprofitable ventures at the expense of the semiconductor division. Executives at the semiconductor division were allotted substantially fewer stock options compared to other divisions. In March 1967, Sporck was hired away by
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and dexterity of the
Indians." Although highly successful during its operation, the plant was closed in 1975. While the Fairchild corporation claims the Diné women were chosen to work in the Shiprock plant due to their "'nimble fingers'" as previously noted, the women of the Shiprock reservation were
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Many of the original founders, otherwise known as the "fairchildren", had left
Fairchild in the 1960s to form companies that grew to prominence in the 1970s. Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore were among the last of the original founders to leave, at which point the brain-drain of talents that had fueled
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who also designed the
Fairchild 3708, the world’s first commercial MOS integrated circuit using SGT. Fairchild MOS Division was slow in understanding the potential of the SGT which promised not only faster, more reliable, and denser circuits, but also new device types that could enlarge the field of
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While Noyce was considered the natural successor to Carter, the board decided not to promote him. Sherman
Fairchild led the board to choose Richard Hodgson. Within a few months Hodgson was replaced by a management committee led by Noyce, while Sherman Fairchild looked for a new CEO other than Noyce.
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In the fall of 1967, Fairchild suffered a loss for the first time since 1958 and announced write-offs of $ 4 million due to excess capacity, which contributed to a total loss of $ 7.6 million. Profits had sunk to $ 0.50 a share, compared to $ 3 a share the previous year, while the value of the stock
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On March 11, 1997, National
Semiconductor Corporation announced the US$ 550 million sale of a reconstituted Fairchild to the management of Fairchild with the backing of Sterling LLC, a unit of Citicorp Venture Capital. Fairchild carried with it what was mostly the Standard Products group previously
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Hogan's action to hire from
Motorola had Motorola file a lawsuit against Fairchild, which the court then decided in Fairchild's favor in 1973. Judge William Copple ruled that Fairchild's results were so unimpressive that it was impossible to assess damages "under any theory". Hogan was dismissed as
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to design analog operational amplifiers using
Fairchild's process. Since Fairchild's processes were optimized for digital circuits, Widlar collaborated with process engineer Dave Talbert. The collaboration resulted in two revolutionary products – μA702 and μA709. Hence, Fairchild dominated the
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designated the site of invention of the first commercially practicable integrated circuit as a
California historical landmark #1000. A description on the commemorative plaque reads: "At this site in 1959, Dr. Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation invented the first integrated circuit
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According to Sherman Fairchild, Noyce's impassioned presentation of his vision was the reason Sherman Fairchild had agreed to create the semiconductor division for the traitorous eight. Noyce advocated the use of silicon as substrate – since the material costs would consist of sand and a few
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released by the Fairchild company, the Diné (Navajo) women circuit makers were celebrated as "culture workers who produced circuits as part of the 'reproductive' labor of expressing Navajo culture, rather than merely for wages." This claim was based on the opinion that circuits of the electronic
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By 1965, Fairchild's process improvements had brought low-cost manufacturing to the semiconductor industry – making Fairchild nearly the only profitable semiconductor manufacturer in the United States. Fairchild dominated the market in DTL, op-amps and mainframe computer custom circuits. In
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Fairchild and Shiprock: Marilou Schultz is currently creating another weaving based on an integrated circuit, shown below. Although this chip, the Fairchild 9040, is much more obscure than the Pentium, it has important historical symbolism, as it was built by Navajo workers at a plant on Navajo
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On April 13, 2005, Fairchild announced appointment of Mark Thompson as CEO of the corporation. Thompson would also be President, Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors of Fairchild Semiconductor International. He originally joined Fairchild as Executive Vice President,
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On September 6, 2001, Fairchild Semiconductor announced the acquisition of Impala Linear Corporation, based in San Jose, California, for approximately $ 6 million in stock and cash. Impala brought with it expertise in designing analog power management semiconductors for hand-held devices like
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By the end of the 1970s they had few new products in the pipeline, and increasingly turned to niche markets with their existing product line, notably "hardened" integrated circuits for military and space applications and isoplanar ECL products used in exotic applications like Cray Computers.
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fine wires, the major cost would be in the manufacturing process. Noyce also expressed his belief that silicon semiconductors would herald the start of disposable appliances that, due to cheap electronic components, would not be repaired but merely discarded when worn out.
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On March 15, 2006, Fairchild Semiconductor announced that Kirk P. Pond would retire as Chairman at the company's annual stockholders' meeting on May 3, 2006. Pond would continue as a member of the company’s board of directors. Mark Thompson (then CEO) became Chairman.
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However, internal trouble at Fairchild began to surface with a drop in earnings in 1967. There was increasing competition from newer start-ups. The semiconductor division, situated in Mountain View and Palo Alto, California, was actually managed by executives from
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863:, who visited the California sites once a year, even though the semiconductor division earned most of the profits of the company. Fairchild's president at that time, John Carter, had used all the profits to fund acquisitions of unprofitable ventures.
534:, but none were willing to move to the West Coast or work with Shockley again at that time. Shockley then founded the core of the new company with what he considered the best and brightest graduates coming out of American engineering schools.
666:, however Kilby's method was not scalable and the semiconductor industry adopted Fairchild's process to manufacture integrated circuits). The company grew from twelve to twelve thousand employees, and was soon making $ 130 million a year.
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process transistors became nonviable. Within a few years, every other transistor company paralleled or licensed the Fairchild planar process. Hoerni's 2N1613 was a major success, with Fairchild licensing the design across the industry.
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In 1980, under Schlumberger management, the Fairchild Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence Research (FLAIR) was started within Fairchild Research. In 1985 the lab was separated to form Schlumberger Palo Alto Research (SPAR).
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with the ticker symbol FCS. Fairchild's South Portland, Maine, and Mountaintop, Pennsylvania, locations are the longest continuously operating semiconductor manufacturing facilities in the world, both operating since 1960.
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At Bell Labs, the importance of Frosch and Derick technique and transistors was immediately realized. Results of their work circulated around Bell Labs in the form of BTL memos before being published in 1957. At
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chips had a mere resemblance with the complex geometric patterns on the Navajo rugs. Paul Driscoll, the Shiprock plant manager, spoke of the "untapped wealth of natural characteristics of the Navajo...the
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Sales due to Fairchild semiconductor division had doubled each year and by the mid-1960s comprised two-thirds of total sales of the parent company. In 1966, Fairchild's sales were second to those of
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1965, Fairchild opened a semiconductor assembly plant on the Navajo Nation in Shiprock, New Mexico. At its peak, the plant employed over a thousand Navajos, the majority of whom were women. In
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The loss of these iconic executives, coupled with Hogan's displacement of Fairchild managers demoralized Fairchild and prompted the entire exodus of employees to found new companies.
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On September 1, 2007, New Jersey-based RF semiconductor supplier Anadigics acquired Fairchild Semiconductor's RF design team, located in Tyngsboro, Massachusetts, for $ 2.4 million.
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On September 19, 2016, ON Semiconductor and Fairchild Semiconductor jointly announced that ON Semiconductor had completed its announced $ 2.4 billion cash acquisition of Fairchild.
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In 1948, Bardeen and Brattain patented at Bell Labs an insulated-gate transistor (IGFET) with an inversion layer, this concept forms the basis of CMOS technology today. In 1963,
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On January 9, 2004, Fairchild Semiconductor CEO Kirk Pond was appointed as a Director of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, elected by member banks to serve a three-year term.
992:. Digital image sensors are still produced today at their descendant company, Fairchild Imaging. The CCD had a difficult birth, with the devastating effects on Fairchild of the
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2686:"Electronics Engineering Blog | Fairchild - Samsung Mobile Rewards Fairchild As The Only Supplier To Consecutively Win Their Coveted Supply Chain Management Award!"
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made an offer to acquire Fairchild Semiconductor for $ 2.4 billion (or $ 20 per share) after a few months of speculation that Fairchild was seeking a potential buyer.
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dropped in half. In October 1967, the board ordered Carter to sell off all of Fairchild's unprofitable ventures. Carter responded to the order by resigning abruptly.
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could be made more easily, at a lower cost and with greater performance and reliability, making other transistors obsolete. One such casualty was
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In 1976, the company released the first video game system to use ROM cartridges, the Fairchild Video Entertainment System (or VES) later renamed
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actually chosen as the workforce due to a lack of labor rights asserted by the women in addition to "cheap, plentiful workers and tax benefits".
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services company, for $ 425 million. At this time, Fairchild's intellectual properties, on which Fairchild had been subsisting, were expiring.
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1138:'s discrete power business for approximately $ 338 million in cash. The acquisition moved Fairchild into position as the second-largest power
581:, an Eastern U.S. company with considerable military contracts. In 1957 the Fairchild Semiconductor division was started with plans to make
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8-bit microprocessor, which was according to the CPU Museum "in 1977 the F8 was the world's leading microprocessor in terms of CPU sales."
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The Silicon Gate Technology, developed at Fairchild in 1968 by F. Faggin et al., was presented at the IDEM in Washington DC, in Oct. 1968.
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semiconductor division. Hogan proceeded to hire another hundred managers from Motorola to entirely displace the management of Fairchild.
807:'s ÎĽA702 (in 1964) and ÎĽA709. In 1968, Fairchild introduced David Fullagar's ÎĽA741, which became the most popular IC op amp of all time.
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On April 10, 2016, Fairchild Semiconductor moved its headquarters from San Jose (3030 Orchard Pkwy.) to Sunnyvale (1272 Borregas Ave.).
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While Shockley was effective as a recruiter, he was less effective as a manager. A core group of Shockley employees, later known as the
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The building at 844 East Charleston Road, Palo Alto, California, where the first commercially practical integrated circuit was invented
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In April 2011, Fairchild Semiconductor acquired TranSiC, a silicon carbide power transistor company originally based in Sweden.
1057:-like computer architecture, in the 1980s, resulting in the shipping of the C100 chip in 1986. The technology was later sold to
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Making Silicon Valley: Innovation and the Growth of High Tech, 1930-1970, by Christophe LĂ©cuyer, published by MIT Press, 2006.
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The Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation announced November 27, 1997, that it would acquire the semiconductor division of the
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2656:"Fairchild Semiconductor Completes the Acquisition of Samsung Electronics' Power Device Division. - Free Online Library"
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In the fall of 2016, the Fairchild 'ON' Semiconductor International closed the West Jordan, Utah, manufacturing plant.
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2099:. 1963 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers. Vol. VI. pp. 32–33.
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Fairchild had not done well in the digital integrated circuit market. Their first line of ICs was the "micrologic"
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supplier in the world, representing a 20 percent share of this $ 3 billion market that grew 40 percent last year.
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A Legal Bridge Spanning 100 Years: From the Gold Mines of El Dorado to the "Golden" Startups of Silicon Valley
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Noyce's position on Fairchild's executive staff was consistently compromised by Sherman Fairchild's faction.
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in 1987 for $ 200 million. The sale did not include Fairchild's Test Division, which designed and produced
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Fairchild was being operated at a loss, and the bottomline subsisted mostly from licensing of its patents.
1492:"ON Semiconductor Successfully Completes Acquisition of Fairchild Semiconductor for $ 2.4 Billion in Cash"
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1072:(ATE) for the semiconductor manufacturing industry, nor did it include Schlumberger Palo Alto Research.
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was Noyce's operations manager. Sporck was reputed to run the tightest operation in the world. Sporck,
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had developed an integrated circuit made of germanium on September 12, 1958, and was awarded a U.S.
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In 1997, the reconstituted Fairchild Semiconductor was reborn as an independent company, based in
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Furthermore, Fairchild's DTL technology was being overtaken by Texas Instruments's faster
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2268:"Indigenous Circuits: Navajo Women and the Racialization of Early Electronic Manufacture"
1527:"Even back in 1968, workers were worried about being replaced by technology | RetroFocus"
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2219:"Indigenous Circuits:Navajo Women and the Racialization of Early Electronic Manufacture"
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In August 1999, Fairchild Semiconductor again became a publicly traded company on the
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as an independent company again in 1997. In September 2016, Fairchild was acquired by
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for about $ 120 million in cash. The acquisition was completed on December 31, 1997.
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642:'s transistor division, whose newly built $ 40 million plant to make their germanium
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link to Fairchild Semiconductor history content on the Computer History Museum site.
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Current Sources and Voltage References: A Design Reference for Electronics Engineers
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set up shop and the first commercially practical integrated circuit was invented
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variety, innovative for their time, but exhibiting relatively poor reliability.
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developed by Jean Hoerni. In turn, Hoerni's planar process was inspired by the
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Fairchild's Noyce and Texas Instrument's Kilby had independently invented the
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We were burning: Japanese entrepreneurs and the forging of the electronic age
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Advanced Materials Innovation: Managing Global Technology in the 21st century
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1957, Diagram of one of the SiO2 transistor devices made by Frosch and Derick
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Site of invention of the first commercially practicable integrated circuit
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Makers of the Microchip: A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor
1646:"Transistor Museum Photo Gallery Fairchild 2N697 Silicon Mesa Transistor"
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ULSI Process Integration III: Proceedings of the International Symposium
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Making Silicon Valley: Innovation and the Growth of High Tech, 1930-1970
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2764:"Fairchild Semiconductor announces Kirk Pond's retirement as Chairman"
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1851:"Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon"
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laptops, MP3 players, cell phones, portable test equipment and PDAs.
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In 1960, Fairchild built a circuit with four transistors on a single
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In 1973, Fairchild became the first company to produce a commercial
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Nanowatt logic using field-effect metal-oxide semiconductor triodes
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area designated a superfund. Superfund site cleanup ended in 1998.
966:. He notes he did not invent the name. See also Gregory Gromov and
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of silicon, thereby creating the first silicon integrated circuit (
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530:. At first he attempted to hire some of his former colleagues from
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analog integrated circuit market, having introduced the first IC
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Rakesh Kumar Garg; Ashish Dixit; Pavan Yadav (January 1, 2008).
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with the annotation "We started it all". It was later, in 1971,
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1405:"About Fairchild - Overview of Fairchild Semiconductor Company"
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918:(SGT), recently created in the Fairchild R&D Laboratory by
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R. J. Brachman (Winter–Spring 1983). "Research at Fairchild".
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Howard R. Duff (2001). "John Bardeen and transistor physics".
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1442:"Fairchild Semiconductor Intl Inc Annual Report (Form 10-K)"
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2062:"1963: Complementary MOS Circuit Configuration is Invented"
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The historic marker at the Fairchild building at which the
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In 1979, Fairchild Camera and Instrument was purchased by
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was still the most common material for semiconductor use.
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Business data for Fairchild Semiconductor International:
2734:"Fairchild announces appointment of Mark Thompson as CEO"
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Forbes Greatest Technology Stories disposable components.
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In December 1998, Fairchild announced the acquisition of
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In response, Noyce discreetly planned a new company with
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Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange
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president the next year, but remained as vice chairman.
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for $ 150 apiece in order to build the computer for the
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2791:"Fairchild to Close Plants, Cut Up to 15% of Workforce"
1671:"Silicon Mesa Transistors Enter Commercial Production"
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Manufacturing companies based in San Jose, California
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Christophe LĂ©cuyer; David C. Brook; Jay Last (2010).
1574:"Robery Noyce and Fairchild Semiconductor, 1957-1968"
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Defunct semiconductor companies of the United States
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Huff, Howard; Riordan, Michael (September 1, 2007).
902:, the head of R&D. They left Fairchild to found
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Buying Tomatoes at the Birthplace of Silicon Valley
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603:Fairchild's first marketed transistor was the 1958
2617:"Acquisition of Raytheon's semiconductor division"
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1783:"Frosch and Derick: Fifty Years Later (Foreword)"
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2882:
2470:
2337:Forbes Greatest Technology Stories fairchild.
2138:
1761:
1022:Video Computer System (or VCS) was released.
2423:
2111:
1848:
1694:
2633:
2417:
1780:
1571:
1423:
840:(DTL) which had much better noise margins.
465:. Outside the US, it operated locations in
396:Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc.
22:Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc.
3577:
3563:
2889:
2875:
2823:Archive of Fairchild Semiconductor website
2454:"Lester Hogan's obituary - New York Times"
2087:
1873:
776:in 1959 while at Fairchild Semiconductor.
406:. It was founded in 1957 as a division of
3895:Electronics companies established in 1957
2898:Electronics industry in the United States
2405:
2045:
1962:
1879:
1583:. Business History Review. Archived from
720:Learn how and when to remove this message
283:
2636:"Fairchild acquires Samsung power group"
2381:
2379:
2265:
2216:
2197:
2171:
1813:
1191:
941:the growth of the company was complete.
731:
501:
16:American integrated circuit manufacturer
3925:Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
2605:. July 5, 1986 – via NYTimes.com.
1750:fairchild planar Making Silicon Valley.
1461:
1459:
914:, who took with them the revolutionary
430:bought the firm in 1979 and sold it to
3930:American companies established in 1957
3890:Computer companies established in 1957
3867:
2782:
2451:
2118:Linden T. Harrison (August 22, 2005).
1937:
1855:Journal of The Electrochemical Society
1701:Journal of the Electrochemical Society
760:and Lincoln Derrick in 1955 and 1957.
3558:
2870:
2801:from the original on January 18, 2017
2376:
1975:Springer Science & Business Media
1968:
1826:Springer Science & Business Media
1819:
1787:The Electrochemical Society Interface
619:to build the guidance system for the
2788:
2385:
2266:Nakamura, Lisa (December 15, 2014).
1971:History of Semiconductor Engineering
1822:History of Semiconductor Engineering
1456:
1153:Manufacturing and Technology Group.
1110:'s power division, which made power
855:head of the semiconductor division.
702:adding citations to reliable sources
673:
596:Their first transistors were of the
3950:Defunct computer hardware companies
3905:Economy of Cumberland County, Maine
2499:"8-bit Microprocessors - F8 (3850)"
2452:Martin, Douglas (August 16, 2008).
2426:"The First Trillion-Dollar Startup"
2081:
1774:
13:
2172:Nakamura, Lisa (January 2, 2014).
1206:State Historic Preservation Office
1187:
972:2014 update of Hoefler's article.
14:
3961:
3900:1957 establishments in California
2838:IT Corporate Histories Collection
2816:
2634:Stephan Ohr (December 21, 1998).
2477:. Basic Books. pp. 175–211.
2200:"The Pentium as a Navajo weaving"
2151:. Firewall Media. pp. 331–.
1849:Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957).
1695:Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957).
1049:Fairchild research developed the
988:(CCD) following its invention at
828:(RTL) line which was used in the
634:, which was a major improvement:
516:Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory
416:Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory
2523:
2217:Nakamura, Lisa (December 2014).
2198:Shirriff, Ken (September 2024).
2040:. Vol. 550. pp. 3–32.
906:in 1968 and were soon joined by
678:
317:
316:
300:
299:
282:
266:
265:
249:
248:
27:
3756:International Cometary Explorer
3616:Fairchild Camera and Instrument
2756:
2726:
2708:
2678:
2648:
2627:
2609:
2591:
2566:
2539:
2517:
2491:
2464:
2445:
2386:Laws, David (January 7, 2015).
2373:National Semiconductor#Founding
2367:
2342:
2321:. John Wiley and Sons. p.
2306:
2259:
2191:
2029:
2010:
1991:
1931:
1904:
1842:
1755:
1719:
1688:
1663:
1617:. John Wiley and Sons. p.
1471:Office of Historic Preservation
1064:Schlumberger sold Fairchild to
894:(transistor–transistor logic).
689:needs additional citations for
579:Fairchild Camera and Instrument
408:Fairchild Camera and Instrument
3652:Dornier Museum Friedrichshafen
3606:American Satellite Corporation
2424:Rhett Morris (July 26, 2014).
1880:Moskowitz, Sanford L. (2016).
1638:
1602:
1565:
1539:
1510:
1484:
363:California Historical Landmark
1:
3940:2016 mergers and acquisitions
3935:1999 initial public offerings
3915:Superfund sites in California
3103:Westinghouse Electric Company
2829: (archived July 26, 2016)
2789:King, Ian (August 26, 2014).
2599:"Toxic-Water Suit Is Settled"
1917:. MIT Press. pp. 62–63.
1388:
847:, followed in third place by
772:, who would later invent the
287:–US$ 15.1 million (2015)
253:US$ 1.370 billion (2015)
3854:Ranger/Fairchild aeroengines
3808:Fairchild-Hiller Corporation
321:US$ 1.10 billion (2015)
304:US$ 1.58 billion (2015)
270:US$ 6.30 million (2015)
7:
3667:Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen
2388:"Who named Silicon Valley?"
2317:Greatest Technology Stories
1946:The Electrochemical Society
1726:Christophe LĂ©cuyer (2006).
1613:Greatest Technology Stories
1547:"ON Shockley Semiconductor"
1407:. Fairchild. Archived from
1376:
1003:After Intel introduced the
916:MOS Silicon Gate Technology
585:transistors at a time when
10:
3966:
2105:10.1109/ISSCC.1963.1157450
2038:AIP Conference Proceedings
615:bomber. More were sold to
492:
463:Mountain Top, Pennsylvania
3841:
3795:
3769:
3748:
3634:
3596:
3456:
3409:
3371:
3211:
3121:
2911:
2904:
2526:"The Legacy of Fairchild"
2313:Jeffrey S. Young (1998).
1609:Jeffrey S. Young (1998).
1212:
1088:, with Kirk Pond as CEO.
826:resistor–transistor logic
794:In 1963, Fairchild hired
524:Mountain View, California
389:
385:
377:
369:
360:
356:
351:
335:
325:
308:
291:
274:
257:
244:
213:
178:
168:
152:
141:
126:
105:
87:
60:
45:
35:
26:
3728:Ranger/Fairchild Engines
3108:Westinghouse Electronics
1163:
1129:
1079:
1070:automated test equipment
1040:
975:
926:Sherman Fairchild hired
830:Apollo Guidance Computer
669:
497:
236:Field-effect transistors
200:executive vice president
3828:Fairchild Semiconductor
3701:Fairchild Aircraft Ltd.
2392:Computer History Museum
2178:Computer History Museum
2124:. Newnes. pp. 3–.
2067:Computer History Museum
1938:Claeys, Cor L. (2003).
1650:Semiconductormuseum.com
1581:People.seas.harvard.edu
1123:New York Stock Exchange
434:in 1987; Fairchild was
3813:Hiller Aviation Museum
3716:Kreider-Reisner Midget
3504:National Semiconductor
3417:Cadence Design Systems
2690:Blog.fairchildsemi.com
2574:"Do Oil and Data Mix?"
2471:Bob Johnstone (1999).
1734:. MIT Press. pp.
1201:
1171:On November 18, 2015,
1066:National Semiconductor
930:, who was the head of
877:National Semiconductor
838:diode–transistor logic
801:operational amplifiers
766:Shockley Semiconductor
737:
507:
451:San Rafael, California
432:National Semiconductor
93:; 66 years ago
3910:South Portland, Maine
3642:Dornier Flugzeugwerke
3590:Fairchild Corporation
3241:Cypress Semiconductor
3213:Semiconductor devices
3123:Electronic components
2174:"Indigenous Circuits"
1888:John Wiley & Sons
1195:
1086:South Portland, Maine
1061:, its main customer.
996:that followed on the
986:charge-coupled device
735:
505:
455:South Portland, Maine
158:Sunnyvale, California
3621:Fairchild Industries
3586:Fairchild Industries
3193:Maxwell Technologies
2738:Powerelectronics.com
2284:10.1353/aq.2014.0070
2238:10.1353/aq.2014.0070
1498:. September 19, 2016
1496:www.businesswire.com
1411:on December 10, 2013
1204:On May 8, 1991, the
1136:Intersil Corporation
1101:Raytheon Corporation
1051:Clipper architecture
1031:Schlumberger Limited
875:Peter J. Sprague to
818:inherent flexibility
752:method developed at
698:improve this article
475:Bucheon, South Korea
447:San Jose, California
414:" who defected from
404:San Jose, California
91:October 1, 1957
3761:Fairchild Channel F
3662:Faint Object Camera
2951:Element Electronics
2744:on December 1, 2020
2623:. January 12, 1998.
1675:computerhistory.com
750:surface passivation
623:ballistic missile.
520:Beckman Instruments
424:integrated circuits
327:Number of employees
221:Integrated circuits
130:September 2016
23:
3849:Fairchild Aircraft
3823:United Helicopters
3684:Fairchild Aircraft
3611:Fairchild Aircraft
3544:Zenith Electronics
3439:Oracle Corporation
3281:Marvell Technology
2981:Jensen Electronics
2946:Dolby Laboratories
2722:. January 9, 2004.
2660:Thefreelibrary.com
2603:The New York Times
2458:The New York Times
2272:American Quarterly
2226:American Quarterly
1969:Lojek, Bo (2007).
1948:. pp. 27–30.
1820:Lojek, Bo (2007).
1799:10.1149/2.F02073IF
1383:Fairchild Aircraft
1202:
742:integrated circuit
738:
636:planar transistors
508:
378:Reference no.
80:Circuit protection
21:
3862:
3861:
3782:Sherman Fairchild
3740:Republic Aviation
3626:Fairchild Stratos
3552:
3551:
3469:Atari Corporation
3452:
3451:
3400:Motorola Mobility
3353:Texas Instruments
3153:Applied Materials
2833:Fairchild Imaging
2484:978-0-465-09118-8
2414:by Gregory Gromov
2362:978-0-262-12281-8
2158:978-81-318-0302-8
2148:Basic Electronics
2131:978-0-08-045555-6
2047:10.1063/1.1354371
1955:978-1-56677-376-8
1924:978-0-262-01424-3
1897:978-0-470-50892-3
1867:10.1149/1.2428650
1745:978-0-262-12281-8
1713:10.1149/1.2428650
1572:Leslie R Berlin.
994:1973–75 recession
868:Charles E. Sporck
861:Syosset, New York
845:Texas Instruments
730:
729:
722:
656:Texas Instruments
626:At the same time
575:Sherman Fairchild
487:Cebu, Philippines
459:West Jordan, Utah
402:company based in
393:
392:
347:
346:
231:Motor controllers
226:Signal processors
113:Sherman Fairchild
73:Computer Networks
3957:
3833:ON Semiconductor
3579:
3572:
3565:
3556:
3555:
3539:Sun Microsystems
3529:Silicon Graphics
3226:Ampere Computing
3146:Maxim Integrated
2909:
2908:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2868:
2867:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2770:. March 15, 2006
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2740:. Archived from
2730:
2724:
2723:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2696:on March 3, 2016
2692:. Archived from
2682:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2666:on March 4, 2016
2662:. Archived from
2652:
2646:
2645:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2595:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2530:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2505:on July 17, 2011
2501:. Archived from
2495:
2489:
2488:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2421:
2415:
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2252:
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2195:
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2188:
2186:
2184:
2169:
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2142:
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2115:
2109:
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2085:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2033:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1733:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1616:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1590:on March 3, 2016
1589:
1578:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1463:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1438:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1401:
1350:Leslie L. Vadász
1240:Wilfred Corrigan
1198:traitorous eight
1173:ON Semiconductor
912:Leslie L. Vadász
803:, or "op-amps",
725:
718:
714:
711:
705:
682:
674:
539:traitorous eight
512:William Shockley
489:, among others.
479:Penang, Malaysia
440:ON Semiconductor
412:traitorous eight
398:was an American
349:
348:
342:ON Semiconductor
320:
319:
313:
303:
302:
296:
286:
285:
269:
268:
260:Operating income
252:
251:
206:& Treasurer)
147:ON Semiconductor
137:
135:
101:
99:
94:
31:
24:
20:
3965:
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3960:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3858:
3837:
3791:
3765:
3744:
3711:Kreider-Reisner
3706:Hiller Aircraft
3630:
3592:
3583:
3553:
3548:
3448:
3405:
3367:
3246:GlobalFoundries
3207:
3117:
3086:Western Digital
2913:Home appliances
2900:
2895:
2863:
2827:Wayback Machine
2819:
2814:
2804:
2802:
2787:
2783:
2773:
2771:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2747:
2745:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2714:
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2709:
2699:
2697:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2669:
2667:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2632:
2628:
2621:Electronic News
2615:
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2610:
2597:
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2592:
2582:
2580:
2572:
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2544:
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2384:
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2311:
2307:
2264:
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2250:
2248:
2221:
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2211:
2196:
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2159:
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2116:
2112:
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2070:
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2059:
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2034:
2030:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1985:
1977:. p. 120.
1967:
1963:
1956:
1936:
1932:
1925:
1909:
1905:
1898:
1890:. p. 168.
1878:
1874:
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1843:
1836:
1828:. p. 120.
1818:
1814:
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1525:
1522:Wayback Machine
1515:
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1440:
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1395:
1391:
1379:
1374:
1315:Richard F. Lyon
1310:Hector Levesque
1265:Federico Faggin
1250:Richard O. Duda
1215:
1190:
1188:Landmark status
1166:
1132:
1082:
1043:
998:1973 oil crisis
978:
963:Electronic News
920:Federico Faggin
726:
715:
709:
706:
695:
683:
672:
571:Sheldon Roberts
500:
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365:
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3787:Stanley Hiller
3784:
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3777:Claude Dornier
3773:
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3764:
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3758:
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3746:
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3733:AUM-N-2 Petrel
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3373:Mobile devices
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3141:Analog Devices
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3046:Planar Systems
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2817:External links
2815:
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2781:
2768:Powerpulse.net
2755:
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2416:
2404:
2375:
2366:
2341:
2331:
2305:
2278:(4): 919–941.
2258:
2232:(4): 919–941.
2209:
2190:
2164:
2157:
2137:
2130:
2110:
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954:Silicon Valley
791:MOSFET logic.
774:planar process
746:planar process
728:
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630:developed the
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3721:Meyers Midget
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3677:ZĂĽndapp Janus
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3657:Dornier Viper
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3338:Silicon Image
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3061:Seiki Digital
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2956:Emerson Radio
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2720:Business Wire
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2524:Laws, David.
2520:
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2354:0-262-12281-2
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1370:Don Valentine
1368:
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1365:Andrew Witkin
1363:
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1356:
1355:Frank Wanlass
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
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1340:Jerry Sanders
1338:
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1335:Chih-Tang Sah
1333:
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1305:Pierre Lamond
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1245:Alan L. Davis
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872:Pierre Lamond
869:
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819:
814:
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797:
796:Robert Widlar
792:
790:
786:
785:Frank Wanlass
782:
781:Chih-Tang Sah
777:
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771:
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761:
759:
755:
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747:
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693:
692:
687:This section
685:
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483:Suzhou, China
480:
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448:
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429:
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409:
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400:semiconductor
397:
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177:
173:
167:
163:United States
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52:
49:
44:
41:
38:
34:
30:
25:
19:
3827:
3818:M7 Aerospace
3694:XSM-73 Goose
3689:SAM-N-2 Lark
3635:Subsidiaries
3598:Subsidiaries
3483:
3271:Lam Research
3071:Turtle Beach
2803:. Retrieved
2794:
2784:
2772:. Retrieved
2767:
2758:
2746:. Retrieved
2742:the original
2737:
2728:
2719:
2710:
2698:. Retrieved
2694:the original
2689:
2680:
2668:. Retrieved
2664:the original
2659:
2650:
2639:
2629:
2620:
2611:
2602:
2593:
2581:. Retrieved
2577:
2568:
2554:(1): 45–46.
2551:
2547:
2541:
2532:
2519:
2507:. Retrieved
2503:the original
2493:
2473:
2466:
2457:
2447:
2437:February 22,
2435:. Retrieved
2429:
2419:
2407:
2395:. Retrieved
2391:
2369:
2344:
2336:
2316:
2308:
2275:
2271:
2261:
2249:. Retrieved
2229:
2225:
2212:
2203:
2193:
2181:. Retrieved
2177:
2167:
2147:
2140:
2120:
2113:
2096:
2083:
2071:. Retrieved
2065:
2056:
2037:
2031:
2012:
1993:
1970:
1964:
1940:
1933:
1913:
1906:
1882:
1875:
1858:
1854:
1844:
1821:
1815:
1793:(3): 29–29.
1790:
1786:
1776:
1757:
1749:
1729:
1721:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1678:. Retrieved
1674:
1665:
1653:. Retrieved
1649:
1640:
1632:
1612:
1604:
1592:. Retrieved
1585:the original
1580:
1567:
1555:. Retrieved
1550:
1541:
1530:
1518:Ghostarchive
1516:Archived at
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1495:
1486:
1476:December 15,
1474:. Retrieved
1470:
1446:. Retrieved
1413:. Retrieved
1409:the original
1325:Robert Noyce
1320:Gordon Moore
1295:Lester Hogan
1280:Andrew Grove
1270:Jack Gifford
1235:Ron Brachman
1225:Julius Blank
1203:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1170:
1167:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1133:
1120:
1105:
1098:
1090:
1083:
1074:
1063:
1048:
1044:
1028:
1024:
1013:
1009:Fairchild F8
1002:
983:
979:
967:
961:
943:
939:
936:
928:Lester Hogan
925:
908:Andrew Grove
900:Gordon Moore
896:
889:
885:
865:
857:
852:
842:
823:
817:
812:
809:
793:
778:
762:
739:
716:
710:January 2017
707:
696:Please help
691:verification
688:
649:
625:
602:
598:silicon mesa
595:
591:
567:Robert Noyce
563:Gordon Moore
543:Julius Blank
536:
518:, funded by
509:
444:
428:Schlumberger
395:
394:
331:6,379 (2015)
311:Total equity
294:Total assets
153:Headquarters
145:Acquired by
36:Company type
18:
3672:Project 621
3306:Nimbus Data
3173:Diodes Inc.
3041:Plantronics
2859:SEC filings
2805:January 17,
2548:AI Magazine
2431:Tech Crunch
2397:October 16,
2251:January 21,
2183:January 21,
1557:January 28,
1551:www.pbs.org
1502:January 28,
1290:Jean Hoerni
1053:, a 32-bit
958:Don Hoefler
770:Jean Hoerni
758:Carl Frosch
628:Jean Hoerni
551:Jean Hoerni
528:transistors
420:transistors
373:May 8, 1991
170:Area served
118:Arthur Rock
3869:Categories
3266:KLA-Tencor
3066:Skullcandy
2774:January 8,
2748:January 8,
2700:January 8,
2670:January 8,
2583:January 8,
2509:August 18,
2364:; page 260
2018:US 3064167
1999:US 3025589
1861:(9): 547.
1763:US2802760A
1707:(9): 547.
1655:January 8,
1594:January 8,
1415:January 8,
1389:References
1360:Bob Widlar
1260:Kirk Ennis
1230:Lee Boysel
1220:Gil Amelio
1094:Gil Amelio
1059:Intergraph
1020:Atari 2600
969:TechCrunch
805:Bob Widlar
660:Jack Kilby
617:Autonetics
370:Designated
277:Net income
180:Key people
98:1957-10-01
56:: FCS
3534:Solectron
3524:Signetics
3499:Microsemi
3489:Freescale
3484:Fairchild
3474:Commodore
3343:Synaptics
3286:Microchip
3261:Interlink
3076:ViewSonic
3031:Microsoft
2966:Honeywell
2905:Companies
2560:0738-4602
2300:143975328
2292:1080-6490
2246:143975328
1807:1064-8208
1345:Ed Turney
1035:oil field
1016:Channel F
990:Bell Labs
754:Bell Labs
621:Minuteman
587:germanium
532:Bell Labs
510:In 1955,
471:Singapore
467:Australia
174:Worldwide
48:Traded as
3845:See also
3749:Products
3444:Synopsys
3333:Qualcomm
3316:Mellanox
3236:Broadcom
3136:Achronix
3016:Magnavox
3011:Logitech
2991:Kingston
2799:Archived
2641:EE Times
2095:(1963).
1520:and the
1448:March 7,
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