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report that their tails sometimes were so long that shepherds built miniature carts for them, and that tails sometimes grew so large that it dragged on the ground and hindered copulation. Fat-tailed sheep are well adapted to life in arid landscapes, the fat providing a food reserve for "combatting
98:
Two general varieties of fat-tails exist, the broad fat-tails and the long fat-tails. The long-tailed varieties have the smallest geographical distribution, being found mostly in Arabia (a variety called the Nejd, black with a white head, named for the
137:
The majority of fat-tailed sheep breeds have broad fat-tails, where the fat is accumulated in baggy deposits in the hind parts of a sheep on both sides of its tail and on the first 3–5 vertebrae of the tail. Earlier historians including
213:, American consul in Bombay, indicates how important the fat-tailed sheep was for Afghanistan. The animal's wool, he says, was one of the country's most important export products; in 1912-1913 the country exported (through
217:) for over $ 1.5 million in wool. Frequently fat-tailed sheep were interbred with Indian sheep to produce high-quality wool. In addition, because the fat was used in the way of butter or
256:
has become scarce in the post-Soviet era. Under Soviet rule
Uzbekistan became a huge grower of cotton, and consequently cottonseed oil took over as the major fat used in cooking; still,
244:), is an important supplier of that fat, which is "revere as a semi-sacred object of gastronomical desire", and used in a variety of national dishes, such as
134:, then into Egypt and North Africa, at least by 2000 BC, when they are depicted in Egyptian art. They were the third type of sheep to be brought into Africa.
221:, Afghans were able to produce a surplus of ghee for export to India. The animal's meat was the Afghan population's main meat source, according to Baker.
795:. Special Consular Reports, United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Vol. 72. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 533–60.
210:
672:"The Expansion of Sheep Herding and the Development of Wool Production in the Ancient Near East: An Archeozoological and Iconographical Approach"
119:(the dominant variety in Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Jordan), and the ak or White Karaman (in Turkey). Eastward, toward Iran (among the
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known for their distinctive large tails and hindquarters. Fat-tailed sheep breeds comprise approximately 25% of the world's
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The
Competition of Fibres: Early Textile Production in Western Asia, South-east and Central Europe (10,000–500BCE)
823:
537:
591:
555:"Ethnographic and linguistic evidence for the prehistory of African ruminant livestock, horses and ponies"
107:
territory, and the
Circassian). Broad varieties include the Hajaz (Arabia, small and white, named for the
477:
916:
103:
region, and raised also in Iraq, Central Asia, and Syria) and in the
Caucasus (the Colchian, for the
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and
Pakistan. It emits a strong smell when cooked, though the flavor is described as rich and full.
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197:); they produced the highest-quality wool and were kept in large numbers. The city state of
170:, fat-tailed sheep were kept in temples, for wool. Another early reference is found in the
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3:9), where a sacrificial offering is described which includes the tail fat (called
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The Fat of the Land: Proceedings of the Oxford
Symposium on Food and Cooking 2002
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The
Cooking Medium: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery 1986
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643:"The Archeology of Wool in Early Mesopotamia: Sources, Methods, Perspectives"
526:"Sheep with Two Tails: Sheep's Tail-Fat as Cooking Medium in the Middle East"
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Mesopotamian records provide a wealth of information about fat-tailed sheep (
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continues to play an important role in the Uzbek imagination and folklore.
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614:"Early wool of Mesopotamia, c. 7000–3000 BC: Between prestige and economy"
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557:. In Andah, Bassey; Okpoko, Alex; Shaw, Thurstan; Sinclair, Paul (eds.).
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from those sheep is an important ingredient in many regional cuisines.
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766:. Ancient Textiles Series. Vol. 17. Oxbow. pp. 310–339.
707:. Ancient Textiles Series. Vol. 17. Oxbow. pp. 94–114.
104:
75:
24:
808:"The Greasier the Better: Dumba and Its Place in the Uzbek Diet"
678:. Ancient Textiles Series. Vol. 17. Oxbow. pp. 22–40.
649:. Ancient Textiles Series. Vol. 17. Oxbow. pp. 52–78.
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The earliest record of fat-tailed sheep is found in ancient
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123:) and China, there are dozens of varieties, including the
620:. Ancient Textiles. Vol. 36. Oxbow. pp. 17–27.
268:
155:
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Fat-tailed sheep likely moved into Africa through the
79:
A shepherd with fat-tailed sheep on a mountainside in
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Wool
Economy in the Ancient Near East and the Aegean
705:
Wool
Economy in the Ancient Near East and the Aegean
676:
Wool
Economy in the Ancient Near East and the Aegean
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Wool Economy in the Ancient Near East and the Aegean
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The tail fat is an essential part of many cuisines.
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Mesopotamian Civilization: The Material Foundations
701:"The Value of Wool in Early Bronze Age Mesopotamia"
762:. In Breniquet, Catherine; Michel, Cécile (eds.).
703:. In Breniquet, Catherine; Michel, Cécile (eds.).
674:. In Breniquet, Catherine; Michel, Cécile (eds.).
645:. In Breniquet, Catherine; Michel, Cécile (eds.).
590:
559:The Archaeology of Africa: Food, Metals and Towns
883:
201:, around 2000 BCE, had over 66,000 such sheep.
523:
90:Vendor using fat-tailed sheep meat to prepare
616:. In Schier, Wolfram; Pollock, Susan (eds.).
70:
115:(black or piebald, in Arabia and Iraq), the
839:Mack, Glenn Randall; Surina, Asele (2005).
758:Matoïan, Valérie; Vita, Juan-Pablo (2014).
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698:
598:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary
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23:Fat-tailed sheep at a livestock market in
670:Vila, Emmanuella; Helmer, Daniel (2014).
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252:. Food scholar Russell Zanca notes that
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760:"Wool Production and Economy at Ugarit"
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43:population, and are commonly found in
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458:, or Nguni (may be fat-tailed or not)
232:is high in fat, and tail fat, called
816:Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery
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532:. London: Prospect. pp. 47–50.
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561:. Routledge. pp. 71–103.
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209:A report published in 1915 by
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63:and all the way to China. The
1:
737:. A&C Black. p. 92.
699:Sallaberger, Walther (2014).
641:Breniquet, Catherine (2014).
612:Breniquet, Catherine (2020).
524:Tilsley-Benham, Jill (1987).
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224:
186:, Hebrew: אַלְיָה) of sheep.
94:, in Xinjiang Province, China
7:
810:. In Walker, Harlan (ed.).
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10:
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143:harsh desert conditions".
71:Varieties and distribution
845:. Greenwood. p. 92.
731:Potts, Daniel T. (1997).
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793:Special Consular Reports
787:Baker, Henry D. (1915).
483:Oxford Companion to Food
45:northern parts of Africa
806:Zanca, Russell (2003).
528:. In Jaine, Tom (ed.).
488:Oxford University Press
366:Armenian Semicoarsewool
162:) on stone vessels and
553:Blench, Roger (2014).
309:in Turkish, and دنبه (
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35:is a general type of
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878:at Wikimedia Commons
818:. pp. 294–302.
601:(in Russian). 1906.
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917:Book of Leviticus
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441:Tunisian Barbarin
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490:. pp.
361:Arabi sheep
356:Altay sheep
307:kuyruk yağı
215:Balochistan
205:Afghanistan
195:udu-gug-gal
81:Afghanistan
57:Afghanistan
55:countries,
49:Middle East
886:Categories
825:0953505715
539:090732536X
486:. Oxford:
464:References
421:Red Maasai
411:Meatmaster
351:Alai sheep
336:Adal sheep
225:Uzbekistan
191:udu gukkal
178:29:22 and
406:Laticauda
346:Afrikaner
180:Leviticus
140:Herodotus
480:(1999).
278:Tail fat
272:Tail fat
264:Tail fat
65:tail fat
61:Pakistan
492:290–293
401:Karakul
396:Edilbay
246:laghman
234:qurdiuq
164:mosaics
160:2400 BC
152:3000 BC
125:Karakul
105:Colchis
27:, China
25:Kashgar
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822:
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446:Waziri
431:Somali
426:Saryja
391:Damara
376:Balkhi
371:Awassi
329:Breeds
295:leyyah
291:leeyeh
199:Lagash
176:Exodus
154:) and
117:Awassi
47:, the
436:Tunis
386:Chios
321:) in
319:dumba
315:dombe
311:donbe
303:zaaka
299:layeh
297:, or
258:dumba
254:dumba
250:palov
238:dumba
172:Bible
168:Sumer
166:. In
113:Arabi
109:Hejaz
92:chuan
41:sheep
902:Uruk
847:ISBN
820:ISBN
768:ISBN
739:ISBN
709:ISBN
680:ISBN
651:ISBN
622:ISBN
563:ISBN
534:ISBN
496:ISBN
456:Zulu
416:Pedi
323:Iran
248:and
219:ghee
184:Alya
148:Uruk
101:Nejd
31:The
317:or
313:or
293:,
287:لية
236:or
193:or
907:Ur
888::
814:.
791:.
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510:^
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156:Ur
127:.
59:,
855:.
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