115:
102:
332:. Previous study has shown that these S-shaped zygapophyses prevent torsion between vertebrae. As said in this study, it is possible this feature evolved in response to a need for stabilization in posterior spine as ribs became reduced. Also, in this and several other 2022 studies the extinct
908:"Using Novel Phylogenetic Methods to Evaluate Mammalian mtDNA, Including Amino Acid-Invariant Sites-LogDet plus Site Stripping, to Detect Internal Conflicts in the Data, with Special Reference to the Positions of Hedgehog, Armadillo, and Elephant"
1009:
Bertrand, O. C.; Shelley, S. L.; Williamson, T. E.; Wible, J. R.; Chester, S. G. B.; Flynn, J. J.; Holbrook, L. T.; Lyson, T. R.; Meng, J.; Miller, I. M.; Püschel, H. P.; Smith, T.; Spaulding, M.; Tseng, Z. J.; Brusatte, S. L. (2022).
435:
of ferungulates are highly conserved: "the fereungulatan ancestor chromosomes (n = 23 + X) ... differ from those of the antecedent scrotiferan ancestor by five rearrangements that occurred over 1 My (
428:) in a separate cohort, recent evidence linking them to Artiodactyla would mean that they belong here as well. To reflect this difference, the revised clade is usually referred to as Fereungulata.
420:(mirorder Euungulata), Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla, are included in the revised group, along with the Carnivora, and with the addition of pangolins (order
349:(family Deltatheriidae) are recognised as crown-group placental mammals, who also possess S-shaped postzygapophysis like other members of Ferungulata.
1270:
1088:
Thomas E. Williamson, Sarah L. Shelley, Gregory
Funston, John R. Wible, Stephen L. Brusatte (2022.) "Triangular beast: New fossils shed light on
797:
642:
345:
1094:
1076:
955:
266:. It has existed in two guises, a traditional one based on morphological analysis and a revised one taking into account more recent
286:
According to 2022 study of Anne E. Kort, member of grandorder
Ferungulata, in addition to their genetic similarities, share common
404:
criteria, but this traditional understanding of
Ferungulata has been challenged by a more recent classification, relying upon
1112:"Phylogenomic Analysis Resolves the Interordinal Relationships and Rapid Diversification of the Laurasiatherian Mammals"
1299:
1167:
1011:
324:). This synapomorphy suggests that this may be basal to all Ferungulata and secondarily lost in modern members, like
1044:
1168:"Diverse phylogenomic datasets uncover a concordant scenario of laurasiatherian interordinal relationships"
114:
445:
has been observed in a wide variety of ferungulates, including cats, rabbits, foxes, horses, and dogs.
1180:
Damas, Joana; Corbo, Marco.; Kim, Jaebum; Turner-Maier, Jason; Farré, Marta; Larkin, Denis M. (2022).
1166:
Xue Lv, Jingyang Hu, Yiwen Hu, Yitian Li, Dongming Xu, Oliver A. Ryder, David M. Irwin, Li Yu (2021.)
953:
Anne E. Kort (2022.) "Bizarre
Backbones: A Synapomorphy in the Lumbar Vertebrae for Ferungulata", in
1818:
1074:
Sarah L. Shelley (2022.) "The phylogeny of
Paleocene mammals and the evolution of Placentalia", in
408:
criteria. These studies separated his ungulate orders into two distinct placental groups, within
405:
267:
1790:
1753:
363:
184:
1232:
1785:
1292:
821:
1813:
1023:
875:
Arnason U., Gullberg A., Janke A. (1999). "The mitochondrial DNA molecule of the aardvark,
401:
8:
1692:(Rats, guinea pigs, squirrels, beavers, chinchillas, porcupines, capybaras and relatives)
1671:(Pigs, camels, hippos, deer, buffalo, gazelles, giraffes, whales, dolphins and relatives)
846:
424:), but the Tubulidentata and paenungulates are excluded. Although Simpson placed whales (
1027:
302:. However, this feature is found also in many extinct members of Ferungulata, including
1252:
1208:
1181:
1144:
1111:
1057:
912:
202:
109:
970:"Function of revolute zygapophyses in the lumbar vertebrae of early placental mammals"
1660:
1213:
1149:
1131:
1061:
1049:
991:
931:
1256:
1681:
1422:
1359:
1285:
1244:
1203:
1193:
1139:
1123:
1039:
1031:
981:
921:
884:
858:
442:
295:
291:
16:
Clade of mammals comprising carnivorans, pangolins, artiodactyls and perissodactyls
1574:
1475:
1443:
742:
1776:
1620:
1566:
1467:
1451:
757:
527:
517:
413:
375:
329:
263:
1248:
1012:"Brawn before brains in placental mammals after the end-Cretaceous extinction"
439:). For the fereungulatan ancestor, we discovered four ancestral syntenies..."
1807:
1611:
1483:
1135:
777:
730:
661:
652:
383:
320:
315:
298:). In extant ferungulate mammals, this is known only within members of order
59:
1198:
1127:
1035:
926:
907:
1724:(Lorises, lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes (including humans) and relatives)
1628:
1558:
1459:
1414:
1217:
1153:
1053:
995:
935:
888:
688:
670:
629:
619:
589:
540:
390:
379:
299:
287:
1668:
1590:
1508:
560:
367:
340:
303:
252:
34:
905:
1697:
1550:
1393:
1350:
1334:
1277:
767:
679:
607:
598:
580:
550:
409:
387:
336:
311:
307:
275:
248:
169:
79:
44:
1705:
1652:
1529:
1521:
1401:
1367:
1182:"Evolution of the ancestral mammalian karyotype and syntenic regions"
986:
969:
862:
489:
479:
432:
421:
371:
325:
244:
126:
84:
1747:
1770:
1644:
1500:
1328:
505:
417:
333:
256:
146:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
847:"The principles of classification and a classification of mammals"
1721:
1598:
1430:
1340:
570:
425:
394:
89:
64:
879:, and the position of the Tubulidentata in the eutherian tree."
1713:
1689:
1537:
1384:
1322:
1309:
1110:
Zhou, X.; Xu, S.; Xu, J.; Chen, B.; Zhou, K.; Yang, G. (2012).
156:
136:
1271:"Mammalian Phylogenetics: A Short Overview of Recent Advances"
1008:
101:
1582:
717:
259:
240:
1095:"The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 82nd annual meeting"
1077:"The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 82nd annual meeting"
956:"The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 82nd annual meeting"
1233:"The inner ear of Protungulatum (Pan-Euungulata, Mammalia)"
1092:, an enigmatic early Paleocene mammal from New Mexico", in
1636:
1179:
271:
906:
Waddell, P.J.; Cao, Y.; Hauf, J.; Hasegawa, M. (1999).
1170:, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 157
1663:(Horses, zebras, donkeys, rhinoceroses and tapirs)
851:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
270:. The Fereungulata is a sister group to the order
1230:
1045:20.500.11820/d7fb8c6e-886e-4c1d-9977-0cd6406fda20
400:Simpson established the grouping on the basis of
1805:
393:, as well as a number of orders known only from
1358:
1186:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
362:The traditional Ferungulata was established by
352:
318:and the stem-relatives of perissodactyls (like
1173:
1293:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1300:
1286:
1263:
1224:
949:
947:
945:
281:
100:
1207:
1197:
1143:
1100:
1043:
985:
967:
925:
901:
899:
897:
840:
838:
836:
1631:(Hedgehogs, shrews, moles and relatives)
1307:
781:(Chatterjee, Scotese & Bajpai, 2017)
1160:
942:
844:
357:
1806:
1231:Orliac, M. J.; o'Leary, M. A. (2016).
894:
833:
1752:
1751:
1281:
274:(bats) and together they make clade
13:
968:Kort, A. E.; Jones, K. E. (2023).
14:
1830:
366:in 1945. It grouped together the
845:Simpson, George Gaylord (1945).
734:(Flynn, Wyss & Wolsan, 2020)
113:
32:
802:(Sargeant & Langston, 1994)
1237:Journal of Mammalian Evolution
1082:
1068:
1002:
961:
869:
1:
827:
353:Classification and phylogeny
7:
815:
458:Traditional classification:
448:
10:
1835:
1700:(Rabbits, hares and pikas)
1655:(Dogs, cats and relatives)
1561:(Tenrecs and golden moles)
792:ichnotaxa of Ferungulata:
1760:
1680:
1619:
1610:
1549:
1520:
1499:
1486:(Kangaroos and relatives)
1442:
1413:
1392:
1383:
1349:
1317:
1249:10.1007/s10914-016-9327-z
208:
201:
197:
192:
110:Scientific classification
108:
99:
23:
1478:(Bilbies and bandicoots)
461:Revised classification:
1370:(Platypus and echidnas)
1199:10.1073/pnas.2209139119
1036:10.1126/science.abl5584
927:10.1080/106351599260427
282:General characteristics
1601:(Dugongs and manatees)
1540:(Anteaters and sloths)
889:10.1098/rspb.1999.0643
364:George Gaylord Simpson
1786:Paleobiology Database
1470:(Quolls and dunnarts)
1269:Frank Zachos (2020.)
1128:10.1093/sysbio/syr089
974:The Anatomical Record
822:Mammal classification
635:(even-toed ungulates)
255:that groups together
533:(odd-toed ungulates)
416:, respectively. The
358:History of phylogeny
1192:(40): e2209139119.
1028:2022Sci...376...80B
1454:(Monito del monte)
1116:Systematic Biology
913:Systematic Biology
268:molecular analyses
1801:
1800:
1754:Taxon identifiers
1745:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1725:
1717:
1709:
1701:
1693:
1672:
1664:
1656:
1648:
1640:
1632:
1602:
1594:
1586:
1578:
1570:
1569:(Elephant shrews)
1562:
1541:
1533:
1514:
1495:
1494:
1487:
1479:
1471:
1463:
1462:(Marsupial moles)
1460:Notoryctemorphia
1455:
1434:
1426:
1423:Paucituberculata
1407:
1379:
1378:
1371:
881:Proc R Soc Lond B
811:
810:
437:citation excluded
253:placental mammals
234:
233:
188:
1826:
1794:
1793:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1749:
1748:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1682:Euarchontoglires
1670:
1662:
1654:
1646:
1638:
1630:
1617:
1616:
1600:
1592:
1584:
1576:
1568:
1560:
1539:
1531:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1504:
1485:
1477:
1476:Peramelemorphia
1469:
1461:
1453:
1432:
1431:Didelphimorphia
1425:(Shrew opossums)
1424:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1405:
1397:
1390:
1389:
1369:
1360:Australosphenida
1356:
1355:
1302:
1295:
1288:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1211:
1201:
1177:
1171:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1147:
1107:
1098:
1086:
1080:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1047:
1006:
1000:
999:
989:
987:10.1002/ar.25323
980:(5): 1918–1929.
965:
959:
951:
940:
939:
929:
903:
892:
877:Orycteropus afer
873:
867:
866:
842:
803:
782:
773:(true ungulates)
772:
763:
747:
735:
723:
722:(Linnaeus, 1758)
712:
693:
684:
683:(Ameghino, 1889)
675:
666:
665:(Lydekker, 1894)
657:
648:
634:
625:
612:
611:(Ameghino, 1895)
603:
594:
585:
575:
565:
555:
546:
532:
523:
511:
510:(Linnaeus, 1766)
494:
485:
484:(Linnaeus, 1758)
474:
455:
454:
443:Point coloration
418:'true' ungulates
296:postzygapophysis
292:lumbar vertebrae
183:
118:
117:
104:
94:
31:
30:Paleocene–Recent
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1819:Mammal taxonomy
1804:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1789:
1784:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1756:
1746:
1729:
1676:
1661:Perissodactyla
1606:
1545:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1491:
1468:Dasyuromorphia
1452:Microbiotheria
1444:Australidelphia
1438:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1375:
1345:
1313:
1306:
1276:
1268:
1264:
1229:
1225:
1178:
1174:
1165:
1161:
1108:
1101:
1087:
1083:
1073:
1069:
1022:(6588): 80–85.
1007:
1003:
966:
962:
952:
943:
904:
895:
874:
870:
843:
834:
830:
818:
801:
789:
780:
778:Protungulatidae
771:(Waddell, 2001)
770:
762:(O'Leary, 2013)
761:
745:
743:Pholidotamorpha
733:
721:
711:(Simpson, 1945)
710:
691:
682:
673:
664:
655:
647:(Simpson, 1945)
646:
632:
623:
610:
601:
593:(Andrews, 1906)
592:
583:
574:(Illiger, 1811)
573:
566:(proboscideans)
564:(Illiger, 1811)
563:
553:
545:(Simpson, 1945)
544:
530:
521:
509:
493:(Bowdich, 1821)
492:
483:
473:(Simpson, 1945)
472:
451:
360:
355:
284:
228:
218:
211:Cetferungulata
182:
112:
95:
93:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1832:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1782:
1766:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1719:
1711:
1703:
1695:
1686:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1666:
1658:
1650:
1642:
1634:
1625:
1623:
1621:Laurasiatheria
1614:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1596:
1588:
1580:
1575:Tubulidentata
1572:
1567:Macroscelidea
1564:
1555:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1535:
1526:
1524:
1515:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1484:Diprotodontia
1481:
1473:
1465:
1457:
1448:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1428:
1419:
1417:
1408:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1364:
1362:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1305:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1282:
1275:
1274:
1262:
1243:(4): 337–352.
1223:
1172:
1159:
1122:(1): 150–164.
1099:
1081:
1067:
1001:
960:
941:
893:
868:
831:
829:
826:
825:
824:
817:
814:
813:
812:
809:
808:
807:
806:
805:
804:
788:
787:
786:
785:
784:
783:
774:
758:Pan-Euungulata
750:
749:
748:
746:(Gaudin, 2009)
736:
702:
701:
700:
699:
698:
697:
696:
695:
694:
685:
676:
667:
658:
656:(Huxley, 1872)
638:
637:
636:
615:
614:
613:
604:
595:
586:
577:
567:
557:
554:(Huxley, 1869)
536:
535:
534:
528:Perissodactyla
498:
497:
496:
463:
462:
459:
450:
447:
414:Laurasiatheria
376:Perissodactyla
359:
356:
354:
351:
330:Perissodactyla
294:(the S-shaped
283:
280:
264:Pan-Euungulata
232:
231:
230:
229:
222:
221:Fereuungulata
219:
212:
206:
205:
199:
198:
195:
194:
190:
189:
177:
173:
172:
167:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
106:
105:
97:
96:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1831:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1762:Fereuungulata
1759:
1755:
1750:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1712:
1710:
1704:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1669:Artiodactyla
1667:
1665:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1649:
1643:
1641:
1635:
1633:
1629:Eulipotyphla
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1612:Boreoeutheria
1609:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1589:
1587:
1581:
1579:
1573:
1571:
1565:
1563:
1559:Afrosoricida
1557:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1510:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1474:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1458:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1311:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1291:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1272:
1266:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1163:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1104:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1071:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1005:
997:
993:
988:
983:
979:
975:
971:
964:
958:
957:
950:
948:
946:
937:
933:
928:
923:
919:
915:
914:
909:
902:
900:
898:
890:
886:
883:266:339–345,
882:
878:
872:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
841:
839:
837:
832:
823:
820:
819:
800:
799:
795:Ichnogenus: †
794:
793:
791:
790:
779:
775:
769:
765:
764:
760:
759:
754:
751:
744:
740:
737:
732:
731:Pan-Carnivora
728:
725:
724:
720:
719:
714:
713:
709:
705:
704:
703:
690:
686:
681:
677:
672:
668:
663:
662:Astrapotheria
659:
654:
653:Tubulidentata
650:
649:
645:
644:
639:
631:
627:
626:
624:(Marsh, 1884)
622:
621:
616:
609:
605:
600:
596:
591:
587:
584:(Marsh, 1872)
582:
578:
572:
568:
562:
558:
552:
548:
547:
543:
542:
537:
529:
525:
524:
522:(Marsh, 1884)
520:
519:
514:
513:
508:
507:
502:
499:
495:(carnivorans)
491:
487:
486:
482:
481:
476:
475:
471:
467:
466:
465:
464:
460:
457:
456:
453:
452:
446:
444:
440:
438:
434:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
402:morphological
398:
396:
392:
389:
385:
384:Tubulidentata
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
350:
348:
347:
342:
338:
335:
331:
327:
323:
322:
321:Cambaytherium
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
226:
220:
216:
210:
209:
207:
204:
200:
196:
191:
186:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
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148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
116:
111:
107:
103:
98:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
1761:
1708:(Treeshrews)
1591:Proboscidea
1532:(Armadillos)
1415:Ameridelphia
1368:Monotremata
1265:
1240:
1236:
1226:
1189:
1185:
1175:
1162:
1119:
1115:
1093:
1090:Deltatherium
1089:
1084:
1075:
1070:
1019:
1015:
1004:
977:
973:
963:
954:
920:(1): 31–53.
917:
911:
880:
876:
871:
854:
850:
798:Palimmecopus
796:
756:
752:
738:
726:
716:
707:
706:Grandorder:
692:(Roth, 1903)
689:Notoungulata
674:(Cope, 1881)
671:Condylarthra
643:Protungulata
641:
640:Superorder:
633:(Owen, 1848)
630:Artiodactyla
618:
617:Superorder:
602:(Cope, 1873)
590:Embrithopoda
541:Paenungulata
539:
538:Superorder:
531:(Owen, 1848)
516:
515:Superorder:
512:(ungulates)
504:
500:
478:
477:Superorder:
469:
441:
436:
430:
399:
391:Paenungulata
380:Artiodactyla
361:
346:Deltatherium
344:
319:
316:arctocyonids
300:Artiodactyla
288:synapomorphy
285:
236:
235:
224:
214:
179:
176:Grandorder:
163:
18:
1814:Ferungulata
1714:Dermoptera
1706:Scandentia
1698:Lagomorpha
1647:(Pangolins)
1637:Chiroptera
1593:(Elephants)
1583:Hyracoidea
1577:(Aardvarks)
1339:(unranked)
708:Ferungulata
561:Proboscidea
470:Ferungulata
326:carnivorans
312:mesonychids
304:hyaenodonts
241:wild beasts
237:Ferungulata
180:Ferungulata
24:Ferungulata
1808:Categories
1653:Carnivora
1645:Pholidota
1551:Afrotheria
1530:Cingulata
1511:inclusive)
1433:(Opossums)
1404:inclusive)
1394:Metatheria
1351:Yinotheria
1335:Vertebrata
1333:Subphylum
828:References
768:Euungulata
766:Mirorder:
715:Mirorder:
680:Litopterna
608:Pyrotheria
599:Pantodonta
581:Dinocerata
576:(sea-cows)
551:Hyracoidea
433:karyotypes
410:Afrotheria
388:superorder
343:and genus
341:tillodonts
337:pantodonts
334:eutherians
328:and crown
276:Scrotifera
272:Chiroptera
262:and clade
249:grandorder
193:Subgroups
170:Scrotifera
1722:Primates
1716:(Colugos)
1690:Rodentia
1585:(Hyraxes)
1522:Xenarthra
1509:Placental
1402:Marsupial
1136:1063-5157
1062:247853831
863:2246/1104
776:Family: †
620:Paraxonia
556:(hyraxes)
518:Mesaxonia
490:Carnivora
422:Pholidota
382:with the
372:Carnivora
308:oxyaenids
245:ungulates
133:Kingdom:
127:Eukaryota
1777:Q5444079
1771:Wikidata
1599:Sirenia
1501:Eutheria
1329:Chordata
1323:Animalia
1321:Kingdom
1257:33676627
1218:36161960
1154:21900649
1054:35357913
996:37712919
936:12078643
816:See also
687:Order: †
678:Order: †
669:Order: †
660:Order: †
606:Order: †
597:Order: †
588:Order: †
579:Order: †
506:Ungulata
468:Cohort:
449:Taxonomy
386:and the
257:mirorder
247:") is a
223:Waddell
213:Arnason
203:Synonyms
157:Mammalia
147:Chordata
143:Phylum:
137:Animalia
123:Domain:
1538:Pilosa
1341:Amniota
1327:Phylum
1308:Extant
1209:9550189
1145:3243735
1024:Bibcode
1016:Science
857:: 350.
651:Order:
628:Order:
571:Sirenia
569:Order:
559:Order:
549:Order:
526:Order:
488:Order:
426:Cetacea
406:genetic
395:fossils
370:orders
290:in the
185:Simpson
153:Class:
1791:192305
1639:(Bats)
1385:Theria
1312:orders
1310:mammal
1255:
1216:
1206:
1152:
1142:
1134:
1060:
1052:
994:
934:
368:extant
227:, 1999
225:et al.
217:, 1999
215:et al.
187:, 1945
1253:S2CID
1058:S2CID
753:Clade
739:Clade
727:Clade
718:Ferae
501:Clade
480:Ferae
260:Ferae
164:Clade
1214:PMID
1150:PMID
1132:ISSN
1050:PMID
992:PMID
932:PMID
431:The
412:and
378:and
243:and
35:PreꞒ
1245:doi
1204:PMC
1194:doi
1190:119
1140:PMC
1124:doi
1040:hdl
1032:doi
1020:376
982:doi
978:307
922:doi
885:doi
859:hdl
251:of
1810::
1788::
1773::
1251:.
1241:23
1239:.
1235:.
1212:.
1202:.
1188:.
1184:.
1148:.
1138:.
1130:.
1120:61
1118:.
1114:.
1102:^
1056:.
1048:.
1038:.
1030:.
1018:.
1014:.
990:.
976:.
972:.
944:^
930:.
918:48
916:.
910:.
896:^
855:85
853:.
849:.
835:^
755::
741::
729::
503::
397:.
374:,
339:,
314:,
310:,
306:,
278:.
239:("
166::
85:Pg
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1301:e
1294:t
1287:v
1259:.
1247::
1220:.
1196::
1156:.
1126::
1064:.
1042::
1034::
1026::
998:.
984::
938:.
924::
891:.
887::
865:.
861::
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
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