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as the hull may be abandoned intentionally, whereas the cargo may be out of necessity (in the case of an emergency or the need to shed weight from the vessel). In these parameters, abandonment of the ship by its passengers constitutes a loss of possession, but to abandon the claim on the title itself, intention to relinquish it is required. This affects wrecks by limiting that which is considered "abandoned". Generally, a ship is defined as "abandoned" if there is no hope of recovery, known legally as
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146:, which dictated that one who preserved or improved upon the property of another was owed compensation from the owner, even if the service was not requested by the latter. The law did not apply to maritime regulations, but were the basis for following ordinances, such as the Marine Ordinance of Trani, which stated that a "finder" was to be rewarded, whether the owner claimed the goods or not. The laws have evolved since
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Ownership of a wreck is a highly controversial issue, as there are no clear lines within which it is defined. It may be acquired through various means that range from succession to confiscation. There is also a distinction to be made between the ownership of the hull itself and the cargo it contains,
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A wreck is categorized as property belonging to no apparent owner that either sinks to the seabed or floats on the surface of the water, whether it be intentionally cast overboard or as the result of an accident. The term encompasses the hull of the vessel and its fixtures as well as any other form
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The term "salvage" is used to indicate a salvage operation, as well as the subsequent awarded compensation. It is considered a voluntary service rendered in cases such as danger to the wreck, or the surrounding navigable waters. In terms of compensation, it is seen as being awarded to anyone who
108:, or the growth of native and foreign marine organisms. It can also be affected by cultural processes, that is, by human interactions, such as adding or removing materials from the site of the wreck. Any archaeological activity, such as excavation, may also be considered invasive and tampering.
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In maritime law, flotsam pertains to goods that are floating on the surface of the water as the result of a wreck or accident. One who discovers flotsam is allowed to claim it unless someone else establishes their ownership of it. Even when the source is known, items may be considered flotsam
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designates any cargo that is intentionally discarded from a ship or wreckage. Legally jetsam also floats, although floating is not part of the etymological meaning. Generally, "jettisoning" connotes the action of throwing goods overboard to lighten the load of a ship in danger of sinking.
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There are a number of factors that contribute to the formation of a shipwreck, which can be divided into physical and cultural processes. A site can be affected by physical processes, that is, naturally occurring processes, such as the corrosion caused by salinity and
539:"Flat-screen TVs, Car Parts Wash Ashore As Cargo Ship Containers Break Dutch media reported that local treasure hunters had found an array of items from containers whose contents had spilled, including light bulbs, car parts, Ikea furniture, clothing and toys"
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of object on board, such as cargo and stores, and personal effects of the crew and passengers. This also encompasses the narrower definition of salvage, that is, property that has been recovered from a wreckage, or the recovery of the ship itself.
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In maritime law, different meanings are attributed to the terms, based on jurisdiction as well as context. For example, a distinction is made between goods that wash ashore and those that are for some reason not salvageable and/or lost at sea.
150:, and today, in the United States, a salvor who voluntarily brings the goods back into port may legally lay claim to them, or deliver them to a marshal, in return for a reward.
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can refer to goods that have sunk to the ocean floor, relinquished willingly or forcefully by its owner, and thus abandoned, but which no one has any hope of reclaiming.
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According to maritime law, a buoy or other floating object constitutes sufficient grounds for laying claim to an artifact. Lagan must be returned to the rightful owner.
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Per maritime law, one who discovers these artifacts is not required to return them to their rightful owner except in the case where the latter makes a proper claim.
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202:(also known as "flotsan") refers to goods from a sunken vessel that have floated to the surface of the sea, or any floating cargo that is cast overboard.
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or cork, so that they can be found again by the person who marked the item. Lagan can also be large objects trapped within the sinking vessel.
125:(which is the Latin phrase for "without hope of recovery"), and this fact must be clearly proven by the salvaging party. It must also occur on
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Matthew E. Keith, Society for
Historical Archaeology. "Site formation processes of submerged shipwrecks." University Press of Florida (2016)
91:. A shipwreck is defined as the remains of a ship that has been wrecked, whether it has sunk or is floating on the surface of the water.
331:(also called "ligan") are goods cast overboard and heavy enough to sink to the ocean floor, but linked to a floating marker, such as a
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In terms of maritime law, derelict is considered property abandoned on navigable waters which has no hope of being recovered, or
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280:"flotsam may be claimed by the original owner, whereas jetsam may be claimed as property of whoever discovers it".
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voluntarily assisted in the recuperation of the wreck, whether it be saved from upcoming danger, or from loss.
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http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/shipwreck
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Norris, Martin J. "The Law of
Salvage". Baker, Voorhis (1958)
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National
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Dromgoole, S (1999). "A note on the meaning of 'wreck'".
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Cambridge
English Dictionary. "Shipwreck definition.":
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in heavy seas in
January 2019 off the German shore of
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158:"Flotsam" redirects here. For other uses, see
228:"Jetsam" redirects here. For other uses, see
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521:"Flotsam, jetsam, and ligan"
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385:Great Pacific garbage patch
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160:Flotsam (disambiguation)
537:n/a, n/a (2018-01-03).
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79:are specific kinds of
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41:Flotsam on a beach at
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570:on October 23, 2017.
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412:References
380:Ghost ship
47:Wadden Sea
375:Driftwood
81:shipwreck
560:"jetsam"
364:See also
347:Derelict
342:Derelict
210:lost by
95:Overview
77:derelict
213:MSC Zoe
166:Flotsam
154:Flotsam
58:flotsam
18:Flotsam
236:Jetsam
224:Jetsam
218:Borkum
64:jetsam
301:Lagan
284:Lagan
70:lagan
333:buoy
294:buoy
136:The
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