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witness
Michelle Batt, she heard McKenzie say: "Fuck him, he's a faggot. We're going to waste him tonight. We don't like faggots." Wilding was reportedly silent, while Bamborough was reported to have been petrified. Despite being urged to leave with Batt, he remained. Later that night, he was either lured or forced to the Buller River. During the trial, McKenzie and Wilding turned on each other, the defence of each claiming that the other had dragged Bamborough into the water and throttled him. According to one witness, Wilding described how powerful he felt as he squeezed the life from Bamborough's and his body turned lame, while a former girlfriend claimed that McKenzie joked that he had "killed a faggot". Bamborough's body remained undiscovered for five years until McKenzie turned on the Fourth Reich and fingered Wilding for the crime in 2004, leading police to the body. During the trial Wilding claimed to have left the gang in 1998, while McKenzie subsequently had a tattoo reading "Die Nigger Die" removed from his forehead. McKenzie was serving his time in a protection wing, and is reported to have turned away from skinheadism and married in 2004.
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sources assert that the real reason was that he was caught trying to steal the gang's drug supply. Another source asserts that said punishment was meted out because the victim failed to smuggle cannabis-oil into prison. The defendants were found have beaten and stabbed the victim, whose lung subsequently collapsed, his scalp was cut and peeled back, and his finger was cut off and placed in a bread bag. Gugich cut his ties with the gang after he was released from prison.
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185:. Practitioners throughout the New Zealand national security sector perceived that the Fourth Reich presented a credible terrorist threat to the country during the early 2000s. Between 1996 and 2011, members of the Fourth Reich were charged, tried and sentenced with some of the most lengthy prison sentences in the history of modern New Zealand for crimes of shocking violence, predominantly with racist and bigoted dimensions.
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ruse to get everybody out of the car and push. As Mr Kim did so, Flewellen strangled him while McKenzie held his arms and "stared into his eyes until he stopped struggling". Flewellen subsequently stomped on Mr Kim's throat, and the three accused then buried him in a secret grave. It is reported that
Flewellen later bragged that he had "cut Kim's head off with a spade". Both McKenzie and Flewellen received life sentences.
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concerned about the possibility that the Fourth Reich might commit a terrorist act with mass casualties during the same period, there is no evidence to suggest that the Act was passed expressly to deal with that particular threat. The Act was characterised by then
Solicitor General David Collins as "virtually unworkable" and "almost impossible to apply in a coherent manner" in 2007 and remained unchanged in 2019
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right wing extremist groups, but "considerably more ideologically driven". According to one security practitioner interviewed, there was concern throughout the New
Zealand security sector during the early 2000s that the Fourth Reich was planning a terrorist attack with mass casualties. Subsequent investigations failed to uncover "explicit evidence" that such a plot was planned.
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Addison's depiction of members of New
Zealand skinhead gangs is certainly borne out by members of the Fourth Reich. They were opiate users and without a doubt criminally deviant. Shannon Brent Flewellen's chequered and troubled youth is a case in point. Raised as the son of a drug-addict and step-son
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The Fourth Reich was a relatively small and hardcore skinhead gang with approximately fifteen members. Not long after the gang was founded, it garnered a following in
Christchurch, Nelson, Greymouth, Timaru and Dunedin. Full members of the gang wore black t-shirts with the gang's logo: a large Celtic
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In 1997, Ivan Gugich, then 28, and Greg
Dunnill, then 24, were sentenced to eight and seven and a half years respectively. The literature is contentious on what the victim actually did. According to the victim himself, Gugich and Dunnill meted out punishment because he wanted to leave the gang. Two
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Little information is available about the organizational structure of the Fourth Reich. According to one source, Ivan Gugich was the president of the gang in 1997. The literature points to Malcom George
Chaston, Leighton Wilding and Ivan Gugich as co-founders of the gang. Leighton Brent Wilding was
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rugby player Hemi Hutley because of his race, that this reflects the lack of ideological and philosophical rigors of the group. In a similar vein, Addison argues that most skinhead gangs in New
Zealand lack a "coherent belief system or philosophy", citing research which suggests that members of New
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Finally, in 2011, Malcolm George
Chaston was handed a life sentence for the murder of Vanessa Pickering who was stabbed to death in 2010. Chaston was no longer a member of the Fourth Reich at the time of the murder. Prior to his trial in 2011, Chaston had swastika tattoos removed from his face and
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In 2003, in what was reported as the "worst racial attack" New Zealand had ever seen, Hayden Brent McKenzie, Shannon Brent Flewellen, and a third party turned Queen's evidence, picked up economics student and Korean national Jae Hyeon Kim while hitchhiking. McKenzie spun the wheels of the car as a
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By the late 1990s, members of the Fourth Reich had procured an infamous reputation as some of the most ruthless murderers on the South Island. During their trial in 1997, Aaron Howie and Neihana Foster both received life sentences, after being found to have murdered Maori rugby player Hemi Hutley,
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According to research conducted by Addison, members of New Zealand skinhead gangs, much like those of similar groups in England, are associated with social estrangement, abusive and deprived upbringing, low socioeconomic status, social disaffection, drug abuse and criminal deviance. This stands in
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Whether they posed a real terrorist threat or not, Fourth Reich members were some of the most violent and dangerous criminals local police had ever come across. According to Detective Derek Shaw who investigated the gang in 1997, its members were the most ruthless he had confronted throughout his
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Although the New Zealand security sector perceived that the Fourth Reich was thought to present a credible terrorist threat during the early 2000s, the group was never investigated, charged, or tried under New Zealand's Terrorism Suppression Act of 2002. While the New Zealand security sector was
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The degree to which this violence was motivated by neo-Nazi or white supremacist ideology is contentious. On the one hand, the view of practitioners in the New Zealand national security establishments was that Fourth Reich members were "considerably more ideologically driven" than those of other
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in 1992. Whereas these other groups were engaged in criminal activities and were thought to pose a menace to society, none were thought to pose a credible terrorist threat to the nation. Fourth Reich, on the other hand, was perceived not only to be both more dangerous and racist than these other
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In 2005, Hayden Brent McKenzie and associate Leighton Wilding were handed life sentences. It was alleged at trial that at a party in October 1999, James 'Janis' Bamborough, 54 at the time, hugged Leighton Wilding and made lewd comments about his sister's breasts. Later that night, according to
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As discussed above, New Zealand skinhead gangs lack the organisational structure of American skinhead groups. There is no evidence to suggest that the Fourth Reich was part of a national or international organisation. Like other racist New Zealand gangs, the Fourth Reich was "transient and
130:. Largely a stand-over prison gang, the Fourth Reich garnered a reputation for extreme violence, several members having been handed down life sentences. There is little evidence to suggest that the Fourth Reich still exists either in the prison system, or in New Zealand society.
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25-year career. Detective Shaw feared for not only his own life, but for the lives of his family. At the height of the crackdown on the gang in 1998, Sergeant Greg Sparrow was forced to relocate his wife and children for two weeks after receiving a credible threat to his life.
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then 23 years old. Hutley was beaten senseless and then dragged 125 metres to the Buller river where he was dumped and later drowned. Both of the defendants were 26 years old at the time. Howie cut his ties with the gang after he was released from prison.
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gangs have tended to be active on the South Island. The Fourth Reich was no exception in this respect, having been formed in the Paparua prison in Christchurch. The gang terrorised communities in Nelson and the West Coast of the South Island.
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stark contrast to skinheadism in the United States, where members tend to be well-adjusted, employed and socially integrated. Furthermore, American skinhead groups tend be well-organised with a "developed political consciousness".
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sergeant-at-arms. In 1997, an unnamed male member of the gang claimed that he had the rank of private after being beaten, stabbed and having his finger cut off by two other members of the gang.
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According to research interviews, security practitioners in the New Zealand national security sector perceived the Fourth Reich and its members as very different to other
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Addison, Rasjad. ‘Alienation and Skinheads : An Exploratory Study into the Attitudes of an Antisocial Subgroup of Society’. University of Canterbury, 1996.
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leader and gang member who was murdered, he reportedly sought refuge under the family home as a child while gang business was conducted inside the house.
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the gang was formed is both vague and contentious. Most sources assert that the group was formed in the early 1990s. Greg Newbold,
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There is little evidence to suggest that the Fourth Reich still exists either in the prison system or in New Zealand society.
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and visibly of Maori heritage, was charged and convicted alongside fellow Fourth Reich member for the murder of Hemi Hutley.
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Aaron Howie, Neihana Foster, Ivan Gugich, Hayden McKenzie, Leighton Wilding, Shannon Brent Flewellen, Malcolm George Chaston
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groups, both those that had existed for some time in New Zealand, and those that had sprung up in the wake of the movie
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Zealand skinhead gangs were not familiar with white supremacist ideology, instead primarily motivated by a cocktail of
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are occasionally members. This was infamously highlighted in 1991 when Neihana Foster, biracially Maori and
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of New Zealand is more ethnically diverse, while the South Island tends to have greater concentrations of
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ideology. During the late 1990s and early 2000s, the Fourth Reich terrorised communities on the
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skinhead groups, while local police highlighted the degree to which they were motivated by
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This article is about the New Zealand skinhead gang. For other uses, see
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An interesting feature of New Zealand skinhead gangs is that
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directionless" and this in turn affected its longevity.
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Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism
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in 1992 was a shot in the arm for skinhead gangs and
503:. London: Taylor and Francis Group. pp. 195–6.
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548:Patched : the history of gangs in New Zealand
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261:Neihana Foster: A Maori member of the Fourth Reich
160:Emeritus Professor at the University of Canterbury
114:in the early 1990s that terrorised communities in
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323:neck, and changed his name to Maniapoto Walker.
683:https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/102667
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223:(indigenous New Zealander) and
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735:. 31 January 2009
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1482:Hells Angels
1431:Road Knights
1416:Head Hunters
1400:New Zealand
1339:Other topics
1305:Sweater vest
1285:Levi Strauss
1199:Stax Records
977:Aryan Circle
930:Gay skinhead
815:the original
811:Fightdemback
810:
800:
788:. Retrieved
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656:the original
652:Fightdemback
651:
612:. Retrieved
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429:(3): 195–8.
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385:. Retrieved
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277:Organization
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183:South Island
166:
164:
155:
153:
140:North Island
137:
124:South Island
112:Christchurch
100:Fourth Reich
99:
97:
78:Membership
31:Fourth Reich
27:
25:
1477:Comancheros
1451:King Cobras
1441:Mongrel Mob
1436:Black Power
1255:Dr. Martens
1230:Ben Sherman
1144:Mod revival
1071:Hammerskins
1046:Aryan Guard
614:29 December
387:27 December
354:White pride
128:New Zealand
118:and on the
43:Early 1990s
39:Early 1990s
1536:Categories
1516:Gang patch
1426:Lost Breed
1421:Highway 61
1280:Harrington
1270:Fred Perry
1204:Studio One
1184:Rocksteady
1101:Volksfront
1066:Creativity
1007:Red Action
962:Peckerwood
918:and groups
897:Scooterboy
360:References
240:Membership
236:and hate.
234:alienation
175:West Coast
120:West Coast
88:Key people
51:Founded at
1509:Related:
1456:Tribesmen
1446:NZ Nomads
1169:Punk rock
1129:Blue Beat
1061:Combat 18
907:Suedehead
790:2 January
785:NZ Herald
764:2 January
739:2 January
713:3 January
662:4 January
575:cite book
567:864675525
519:951217631
451:203385286
443:1833-5330
1542:Skinhead
1472:Bandidos
1310:Solovair
1295:Lonsdale
1275:Grinders
1260:Flat cap
945:Hardline
892:Sharpies
887:Rude boy
868:Skinhead
327:See also
192:Ideology
148:skinhead
1325:Tredair
1290:Loafers
1245:Crombie
1235:Brogues
1002:Redskin
902:Soulboy
382:Newshub
181:on the
177:and in
134:History
122:of the
68:Region
41: (
36:Founded
1492:Rebels
1330:Trilby
1240:Brutus
1174:Reggae
1149:Motown
1124:2 Tone
565:
555:
517:
507:
449:
441:
271:Pākehā
267:Maoris
253:of an
225:Pākehā
179:Nelson
144:Pākehā
116:Nelson
102:was a
1117:Music
733:Stuff
708:Stuff
609:Stuff
447:S2CID
297:after
229:Maori
221:Maori
1320:Suit
1300:MA-1
1194:Soul
792:2022
766:2022
741:2022
715:2022
664:2022
616:2021
581:link
563:OCLC
553:ISBN
515:OCLC
505:ISBN
439:ISSN
389:2021
299:the
217:hate
156:when
138:The
98:The
59:Type
1189:Ska
1164:Oi!
950:Oi!
882:Mod
431:doi
255:iwi
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45:)
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