441:
673:
845:
787:
1321:
1306:
38:
2580:
2083:
2056:
802:. The wedding was held on 14 February 1736. The (secret) treaty between the Emperor and Francis was signed on 4 May 1736. On 5 January 1737, instruments of cession were signed at Pontremoli between Spain and the Empire, with Spain ceding Parma, Piacenza and Tuscany to the Holy Roman Empire and the Empire recognizing
867:
Francis was well content to leave the wielding of power to his able wife. He had a natural fund of good sense and brilliant business capacity and was a useful assistant to Maria
Theresa in the laborious task of governing the complicated Austrian dominions, but he was not active in politics or
829:. In June 1737 Francis went to Hungary again to fight against the Turks. In October 1738 he was back in Vienna. On 17 December 1738 the couple travelled south, accompanied by his brother Charles to visit Florence for three months. They arrived on 20 January 1739.
806:
as King of Naples and Sicily. On 10 January, the
Spanish troops began their withdrawal from Tuscany, and were replaced by 6,000 Austrians. On 24 January 1737 Francis received Tuscany from his father-in-law. Until then, Maria Theresa was Duchess of Lorraine.
736:
In March 1736, the
Emperor persuaded Francis, his future son-in-law, to secretly exchange Lorraine for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. France had demanded that Maria Theresa's fiancé surrender his ancestral
462:
1989:
Maria
Theresia und ihre Zeit. Exhibition from 13 May till October 1980 in Vienna, Schloss Schönbrunn, p. 28, see also pp. 37, 38, 41, 47, 52, 53 for the other details described here.
868:
diplomacy. However, his wife left him in charge of the financial affairs, which he managed well until his death. Heavily indebted and on the verge of bankruptcy at the end of the
778:
were against the loss of
Lorraine. On 1 February, Maria Theresa sent Francis a letter: she would withdraw from her future reign, when a male successor for her father appeared.
540:. Duke Leopold died in 1729, and was succeeded by their son. In 1736, Francis married Maria Theresa. In 1738, he left the Duchy of Lorraine and Bar for the deposed Polish king
684:" (locumtenens) of Hungary in 1732. He was not excited about this position, but Maria Theresa wanted him closer to her. In June 1732 he agreed to go to the Hungarian capital,
4216:
4211:
4181:
498:
4196:
2098:
552:. Maria Theresa gave her husband responsibility for the empire's financial affairs, which he handled well. Francis died in 1765 and was succeeded by their son,
486:
1151:
1043:
936:
879:, who was thirty years his junior. This particular affair was remarked upon in the letters and journals of visitors to the court and in those of his children.
336:
974:
872:, the Austrian Empire was in a better financial condition than France or Great Britain in the 1780s. He also took a great interest in the natural sciences.
4206:
616:
3241:
1062:
316:
291:
770:
On 31 January 1736, Francis agreed to marry Maria
Theresa. He hesitated three times (and laid down the feather before signing). Especially his mother
3257:
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730:
301:
131:
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3189:
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3233:
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Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et
Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans
321:
3341:
3209:
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341:
296:
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Maria
Theresa and Francis I had sixteen children, amongst them the last pre-revolutionary queen consort of France, their youngest daughter,
4126:
490:
76:
2103:
4141:
1243:
813:, who died on 9 July 1737, was the second cousin of Francis (Gian Gastone and Francis' father Leopold were both great-grandchildren of
351:
4121:
654:
3438:
1032:
718:
and the losing claimant to the Polish throne, received
Lorraine, while Francis, in compensation for his loss, was made heir to the
356:
4221:
4191:
4076:
4068:
3746:
3738:
2067:
1285:
502:
440:
366:
4176:
2075:
2060:
1961:
1919:
1853:
1788:
771:
577:
537:
419:
4201:
3281:
3182:
1756:
1514:
1189:
775:
593:
346:
725:
Although fighting stopped after the preliminary peace, the final peace settlement had to wait until the death of the last
4151:
3305:
1694:
1020:
597:
585:
311:
4146:
2039:
Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and
Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living
1231:
749:) before announcing the engagement of the couple. If something were to go wrong, Francis would become governor of the
619:. On Leopold Clement's death, Charles adopted the younger brother as his future son-in-law. Francis was brought up in
4166:
4136:
4028:
3891:
3722:
3682:
3650:
3334:
3293:
2979:
2959:
2939:
2609:
2525:
2505:
2485:
2318:
2019:
1977:
1940:
1730:
1488:
589:
361:
4052:
4004:
3939:
3907:
3714:
3658:
3406:
2984:
2974:
2944:
2831:
2520:
2490:
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1546:
4044:
4020:
3931:
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3706:
3674:
3398:
3175:
3004:
2954:
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2500:
2440:
2222:
1220:
857:
623:
with Maria Theresa with the understanding that they were to be married, and a real affection arose between them.
93:
1426:
4060:
3996:
3899:
3810:
3802:
3770:
3730:
3491:
3366:
3273:
3198:
3062:
3024:
3019:
2999:
2900:
2565:
2560:
2540:
2475:
2166:
1108:
1085:
902:
657:. During a subsequent visit to England, Francis was made a Master Mason at another specially convened lodge at
642:
604:
548:. Following the death of his father-in-law, Charles VI, in 1740, Francis and his wife became the rulers of the
331:
326:
141:
20:
1636:
1277:(1754–1793) and became Marie Antoinette, Queen of France and Navarre; had issue (two sons and two daughters).
4084:
4012:
3988:
3915:
3794:
3754:
3690:
3666:
3454:
3382:
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3077:
3014:
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553:
306:
103:
4131:
4036:
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3610:
3483:
3374:
3327:
2994:
2969:
2890:
2816:
2767:
2752:
2747:
2602:
2583:
2535:
2515:
2470:
2450:
2430:
2415:
2410:
2311:
1848:
814:
696:
545:
3875:
3618:
3594:
3446:
3390:
3350:
2826:
2791:
2742:
2455:
2435:
2405:
1394:
646:
4171:
4161:
3964:
3626:
3602:
3572:
3564:
3540:
3430:
3118:
3034:
2917:
1097:
836:. In 1744 Charles became governor of the Austrian Netherlands, a post he held until his death in 1780.
810:
799:
742:
541:
183:
2906:
699:
broke out in 1733, France used it as an opportunity to seize Lorraine, since France's prime minister,
4156:
3826:
3475:
3422:
3146:
3127:
3108:
2875:
2176:
1452:
1208:
856:, Maria Theresa secured his election as Emperor, which took place on 13 September 1745. He succeeded
573:
533:
409:
173:
733:
in 1737, to allow the territorial exchanges provided for by the peace settlement to go into effect.
3980:
3867:
3642:
3414:
3086:
2912:
2288:
2280:
2252:
1009:
764:
703:, was concerned that, as a Habsburg possession, it would bring Austrian power too close to France.
672:
3883:
2707:
2625:
2229:
1005:
826:
707:
1933:
The masonic muse : songs, music, and musicians associated with Dutch freemasonry, 1730–1806
1012:(1739–1767) – second cousin, had issue from his first marriage (two daughters, who died young).
875:
Francis was a serial adulterer; many of his affairs well-known and indiscreet, notably one with
844:
3818:
3067:
2836:
2193:
1912:
John Theophilus Desaguliers: A Natural Philosopher, Engineer and Freemason in Newtonian England
1843:
1313:
763:; Gian Gastone de' Medici was childless and was related to Elisabeth via her great-grandmother
719:
510:
3580:
3499:
2853:
2801:
2773:
2156:
2032:
1858:
1124:
110:
4116:
4111:
3834:
3634:
3099:
3053:
2934:
2864:
2841:
2811:
2445:
2271:
1610:
1120:
803:
760:
750:
746:
634:
506:
767:. As a result, Elisabeth's sons could claim by right of being a descendant of Margherita.
8:
3548:
3532:
3524:
2880:
2870:
2858:
2696:
2667:
2652:
2638:
2395:
2385:
2266:
1274:
1132:
869:
822:
786:
738:
83:
853:
3556:
3358:
2895:
2786:
2723:
2687:
2375:
2334:
2240:
1320:
1128:
791:
756:
715:
518:
482:
230:
58:
43:
905:. Maria Theresa retained the government of her dominions until her own death in 1780.
3952:
3847:
3512:
2728:
2657:
2360:
2120:
2071:
2015:
1973:
1957:
1954:
Eighteenth-Century Spain 1700–1788: A Political, Diplomatic and Institutional History
1936:
1935:. (Utrecht : Koninklijke Vereniging voor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis, 1995),
1915:
608:
569:
549:
526:
399:
283:
214:
210:
2923:
2821:
2701:
2647:
2380:
2365:
2183:
1876:
1262:
894:
638:
630:
474:
148:
637:
and granted to his father by the emperor in 1722. Francis succeeded his father as
2780:
2672:
2662:
2390:
2370:
2350:
2202:
1668:
1140:
1136:
818:
745:. The Emperor considered other possibilities (such as marrying her to the future
726:
700:
681:
466:
453:
234:
2806:
2737:
2713:
2400:
887:
666:
246:
711:
4105:
3778:
3137:
2094:
2089:
2041:] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 81.
1305:
658:
612:
607:
favoured the family, who, besides being his cousins, had served the house of
514:
259:
832:
In 1744 Francis' brother Charles married a younger sister of Maria Theresa,
2682:
2633:
1251:
626:
At the age of 15, when he was brought to Vienna, he was established in the
544:
in exchange for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, as one of the terms ending the
494:
152:
565:
206:
3467:
3167:
2847:
2345:
1324:
1309:
429:
37:
2107:. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 933.
3156:
689:
3319:
2594:
2303:
706:
A preliminary peace was concluded in October 1735 and ratified in the
2355:
883:
861:
685:
650:
1035:(1738–1822), her second cousin, had issue (one stillborn daughter).
3043:
1328:
1074:
882:
He died suddenly in his carriage while returning from the opera at
581:
522:
2088:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1972:
Hale, Florence and the Medici, Orion books, p 192. London, 1977,
897:(1755–1793). Francis was succeeded as Emperor by his eldest son,
662:
627:
394:
2055:
1247:
620:
798:
Francis and Maria Theresa married on 12 February 1736 in the
2068:
Coins and Medals of the Emperor Francis Stephen of Lorraine
525:
monarch of the Empire. The couple were the founders of the
886:
on 18 August 1765. He is buried in tomb number 55 in the
529:
dynasty, and their marriage produced sixteen children.
611:
with distinction. He had designed to marry his daughter
572:(now in France), the fourth and oldest surviving son of
759:
had also wanted the Grand Duchy of Tuscany for her son
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
641:
in 1729. In 1731 he was initiated into freemasonry (
1881:
901:, and as Grand Duke of Tuscany by his younger son,
821:blood through his maternal great-great-grandmother
985:died in childhood likely from smallpox, no issue.
4217:Recipients of the Military Order of Maria Theresa
367:Maximilian Francis, Archbishop-Elector of Cologne
4212:Freemasons of the Premier Grand Lodge of England
4103:
556:, who co-ruled Austria alongside Maria Theresa.
4182:Grand masters of the Order of the Golden Fleece
23:, later styled Francis I as Emperor of Austria.
680:Maria Theresa arranged for Francis to become "
676:Francis at the age of 15 in his hunting attire
3335:
3183:
2610:
2319:
1171:Archduchess Maria Johanna Gabriela of Austria
4207:18th century in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany
4197:Burials at St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna
3342:
3328:
3197:
3190:
3176:
2617:
2603:
2326:
2312:
1344:Ancestors of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
352:Maria Carolina, Queen of Naples and Sicily
36:
1956:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. London, 1979.
655:Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield
2093:
1898:
1319:
1304:
1033:Prince Albert of Saxony, Duke of Teschen
903:Peter Leopold (later Emperor Leopold II)
843:
785:
671:
653:at the house of the British Ambassador,
532:Francis was the oldest surviving son of
481:; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was
357:Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Este
272:
4187:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria
3349:
2624:
2333:
1244:Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa
4104:
1710:
1590:
1586:
1576:
1468:
1358:
1354:
1044:Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria
1021:Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria
937:Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria
877:Princess Maria Wilhelmina of Auersperg
503:Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation
19:Not to be confused with his grandson,
3323:
3171:
2598:
2307:
1854:List of people with the most children
1786:
1776:
1772:
1760:
1754:
1744:
1728:
1718:
1714:
1698:
1692:
1682:
1666:
1656:
1652:
1640:
1634:
1624:
1608:
1598:
1594:
1570:
1560:
1544:
1534:
1530:
1518:
1512:
1502:
1486:
1476:
1472:
1456:
1450:
1440:
1424:
1414:
1410:
1398:
1392:
1382:
1366:
1362:
1209:Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria
1152:Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria
975:Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria
1286:Archduke Maximilian Franz of Austria
1263:Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria
1190:Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria
776:Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine
16:Holy Roman Emperor from 1745 to 1765
4127:18th-century grand dukes of Tuscany
1914:, (London : Continuum, 2011),
1086:Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria
827:Queen consort of France and Navarre
710:in November 1738. Under its terms,
592:. He was very close to his brother
312:Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen
13:
2014:, p. 89. Penguin Books, New York.
1063:Archduke Charles Joseph of Austria
722:, which he would inherit in 1737.
14:
4233:
4142:Austrian people of French descent
3989:Frederick IV of the Empty Pockets
2048:
1731:Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine
1489:Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
1221:Ferdinand IV of Naples and Sicily
1008:(1741–1763), married 2) Princess
834:Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria
665:estate of British Prime Minister
649:at a specially convened lodge in
362:Marie Antoinette, Queen of France
4122:18th-century Holy Roman Emperors
2579:
2578:
2081:
2054:
1877:Encyclopedia of Austria: Franz I
439:
2025:
1275:Louis XVI of France and Navarre
1254:). Duke of Breisgau from 1803.
268:
2116:Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
2066:Tomáš Kleisner – Jan Boublík,
2004:
1992:
1983:
1966:
1946:
1925:
1904:
1870:
1757:Elizabeth Charlotte of Simmern
1695:Élisabeth Charlotte of Orléans
914:
332:Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
327:Maria Amalia, Duchess of Parma
21:Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
1:
4222:Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
4192:Burials at the Imperial Crypt
2061:Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
1864:
1573:Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
1369:Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine
1297:Archbishop-Elector of Cologne
1246:, heiress of Breisgau and of
1232:Archduke Ferdinand of Austria
1109:Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II
947:died in childhood, no issue.
864:of her hereditary dominions.
790:Francis I and his family (by
772:Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans
578:Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans
559:
538:Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans
501:. He became the ruler of the
420:Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans
307:Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
47:
4177:Fellows of the Royal Society
4005:Maximilian I the Last Knight
3908:Maximilian I the Last Knight
3659:Maximilian I the Last Knight
3455:Frederick II the Quarrelsome
2012:A Treasure of Royal Scandals
1952:Hargreaves-Mawdsley, W. N.,
1849:Kings of Germany family tree
1427:Claude Françoise of Lorraine
1200:died of smallpox, no issue.
1181:died of smallpox, no issue.
1127:from 1765 (abdicated 1790),
994:Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II
815:Francis II, Duke of Lorraine
697:War of the Polish Succession
580:. He was connected with the
546:War of the Polish Succession
342:Archduchess Johanna Gabriela
7:
4202:Nobility from Nancy, France
3852:Styria, Carinthia, Carniola
1837:
1637:Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
1395:Charles V, Duke of Lorraine
1335:
912:
781:
647:John Theophilus Desaguliers
521:. Francis was the last non-
317:Archduchess Maria Elisabeth
292:Archduchess Maria Elisabeth
10:
4238:
4152:House of Habsburg-Lorraine
3643:Ladislaus I the Posthumous
3119:North German Confederation
3035:Confederation of the Rhine
2010:Farquhar, Michael (2001).
1704:
1588:
1462:
1356:
1098:Ferdinand I, Duke of Parma
1054:died unmarried, no issue.
966:died unmarried, no issue.
800:Augustinian Church, Vienna
615:to Francis' older brother
536:, and the French princess
337:Archduchess Maria Carolina
302:Archduchess Maria Carolina
18:
4147:Roman Catholic Freemasons
3951:
3846:
3511:
3466:
3367:Leopold I the Illustrious
3357:
3205:
3136:
3117:
3098:
3076:
3052:
3033:
2722:
2681:
2632:
2574:
2341:
2285:
2264:
2249:
2238:
2227:
2219:
2209:
2200:
2190:
2181:
2173:
2163:
2154:
2146:
2141:
2114:
1789:Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel
1774:
1766:
1738:
1716:
1712:
1676:
1654:
1646:
1618:
1596:
1592:
1554:
1532:
1524:
1496:
1474:
1470:
1453:Leopold, Duke of Lorraine
1434:
1412:
1404:
1376:
1360:
848:Coat of arms of Francis I
574:Leopold, Duke of Lorraine
534:Leopold, Duke of Lorraine
435:
425:
415:
410:Leopold, Duke of Lorraine
405:
393:
384:
379:
375:
347:Archduchess Maria Josepha
282:
253:
241:
220:
193:
189:
179:
169:
158:
147:
137:
127:
116:
109:
99:
89:
75:
64:
57:
35:
30:
4167:Grand princes of Tuscany
4137:Austrian Roman Catholics
3892:Frederick V the Peaceful
3651:Frederick V the Peaceful
3439:Frederick I the Catholic
3087:Archduke John of Austria
1223:(1751–1825); had issue.
1123:(1745–1792), had issue.
1100:(1751–1802), had issue.
1010:Marie Josephe of Bavaria
908:
839:
584:through his grandmother
576:, and his wife Princess
513:through his marriage to
3447:Leopold VI the Glorious
3383:Adalbert the Victorious
2150:Gian Gastone de' Medici
2104:Encyclopædia Britannica
1006:Isabella Maria of Parma
811:Gian Gastone de' Medici
731:Gian Gastone de' Medici
729:Grand Duke of Tuscany,
714:, the father-in-law of
322:Archduke Charles Joseph
3900:Albert VI the Prodigal
3619:Albert III the Pigtail
3565:Leopold I the Glorious
3541:Rudolf II the Debonair
3431:Leopold V the Virtuous
3199:Grand dukes of Tuscany
1844:Franz Joseph Toussaint
1332:
1327:: 1 conventionsthaler
1317:
1314:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
956:Archduchess Maria Anna
849:
795:
743:deposed King of Poland
720:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
677:
643:Grand Lodge of England
588:, daughter of Emperor
478:
470:
457:
297:Archduchess Maria Anna
3981:William the Courteous
3965:Rudolf IV the Founder
3868:William the Courteous
3627:Albert IV the Patient
3603:Rudolf IV the Founder
3500:Ottokar II of Bohemia
3476:Vladislaus of Moravia
2276:21 November 1740–1765
2157:Grand Duke of Tuscany
1859:Francis Stephen Award
1323:
1308:
1125:Grand Duke of Tuscany
847:
789:
765:Margherita de' Medici
675:
542:Stanisław Leszczyński
499:Grand Duke of Tuscany
111:Grand Duke of Tuscany
3973:Leopold III the Just
3860:Leopold III the Just
3611:Leopold III the Just
3557:Frederick I the Fair
3503:(claimant 1251–1278)
3495:(claimant 1250–1268)
3492:Frederick I of Baden
3487:(claimant 1248–1250)
3479:(claimant 1246–1247)
3423:Henry II Jasomirgott
3415:Leopold the Generous
3407:Leopold III the Good
3100:German Confederation
3054:German Confederation
2272:Austrian Netherlands
2063:at Wikimedia Commons
1611:Louis XIII of France
1121:Maria Luisa of Spain
1004:married 1) Princess
761:Charles III of Spain
751:Austrian Netherlands
747:Charles III of Spain
564:Francis was born in
68:13 September 1745 –
4132:Austrian Freemasons
3549:Rudolf III the Good
3399:Leopold II the Fair
3351:Monarchs of Austria
2639:Carolingian dynasty
2626:Monarchs of Germany
2335:Holy Roman emperors
2267:Archduke of Austria
1515:Eleonore of Austria
1162:died during birth.
1133:Archduke of Austria
860:, and she made him
804:Don Carlos of Spain
741:to accommodate the
487:Archduke of Austria
237:, Holy Roman Empire
84:Frankfurt Cathedral
3997:Sigismund the Rich
3876:Leopold IV the Fat
3573:Albert II the Wise
3484:Herman VI of Baden
3375:Henry I the Strong
3359:House of Babenberg
2724:Kingdom of Germany
2688:Kingdom of Germany
2241:Holy Roman Emperor
1910:Audrey Carpenter,
1333:
1329:Augsburg Free City
1318:
1129:Holy Roman Emperor
850:
796:
792:Martin van Meytens
757:Elisabeth of Parma
678:
519:Emperor Charles VI
483:Holy Roman Emperor
452:(Francis Stephen;
231:Hofburg, Innsbruck
59:Holy Roman Emperor
44:Martin van Meytens
4172:Jure uxoris kings
4162:Dukes of Lorraine
4096:
4095:
4089:
4081:
4077:Sigismund Francis
4073:
4069:Ferdinand Charles
4065:
4057:
4049:
4041:
4033:
4025:
4017:
4009:
4001:
3993:
3985:
3977:
3969:
3958:
3953:House of Habsburg
3944:
3936:
3928:
3920:
3912:
3904:
3896:
3888:
3880:
3872:
3864:
3853:
3848:House of Habsburg
3839:
3831:
3823:
3815:
3807:
3799:
3791:
3787:Francis I Stephen
3783:
3775:
3767:
3759:
3758:(1657, 1665–1705)
3751:
3747:Sigismund Francis
3743:
3739:Ferdinand Charles
3735:
3727:
3719:
3718:(1590, 1619–1637)
3711:
3703:
3695:
3687:
3679:
3671:
3663:
3655:
3647:
3639:
3631:
3623:
3615:
3607:
3599:
3591:
3585:
3577:
3569:
3561:
3553:
3545:
3537:
3529:
3518:
3513:House of Habsburg
3504:
3496:
3488:
3480:
3459:
3451:
3443:
3435:
3427:
3419:
3411:
3403:
3395:
3387:
3379:
3371:
3317:
3316:
3266:Francesco Stefano
3165:
3164:
3091:
3090:(Imperial Regent)
2729:Holy Roman Empire
2658:Louis the Younger
2592:
2591:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2286:Succeeded by
2262:
2210:Succeeded by
2191:Succeeded by
2164:Succeeded by
2121:House of Lorraine
2076:978-80-7036-316-4
2059:Media related to
1962:978-1-349-01805-5
1920:978-1-4411-2778-5
1834:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1331:- Francis I, 1765
1303:
1302:
1159:17 September 1748
1156:17 September 1748
1051:22 September 1808
739:Duchy of Lorraine
633:, which had been
527:Habsburg-Lorraine
479:Francesco Stefano
447:
446:
389:
388:
215:Holy Roman Empire
211:Duchy of Lorraine
4229:
4157:Dukes of Teschen
4087:
4079:
4071:
4063:
4055:
4047:
4039:
4031:
4023:
4015:
4007:
3999:
3991:
3983:
3975:
3967:
3956:
3942:
3934:
3926:
3918:
3910:
3902:
3894:
3886:
3878:
3870:
3862:
3851:
3837:
3829:
3827:Francis Joseph I
3821:
3813:
3805:
3797:
3789:
3781:
3773:
3765:
3757:
3749:
3741:
3733:
3725:
3717:
3709:
3701:
3693:
3685:
3677:
3669:
3661:
3653:
3645:
3637:
3629:
3621:
3613:
3605:
3597:
3589:
3583:
3581:Otto I the Merry
3575:
3567:
3559:
3551:
3543:
3535:
3527:
3516:
3502:
3494:
3486:
3478:
3457:
3449:
3441:
3433:
3425:
3417:
3409:
3401:
3393:
3391:Ernest the Brave
3385:
3377:
3369:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3321:
3320:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3169:
3168:
3089:
2648:Louis the German
2619:
2612:
2605:
2596:
2595:
2582:
2581:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2305:
2304:
2292:
2256:
2250:Preceded by
2220:Preceded by
2184:Duke of Lorraine
2174:Preceded by
2147:Preceded by
2137:
2130:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2058:
2043:
2042:
2029:
2023:
2008:
2002:
1998:Jean-Paul Bled,
1996:
1990:
1987:
1981:
1970:
1964:
1950:
1944:
1931:Malcolm Davies,
1929:
1923:
1908:
1902:
1896:
1879:
1874:
1547:Eleonora Gonzaga
1350:
1349:
1341:
1340:
1239:24 December 1806
1216:7 September 1814
1178:23 December 1762
1119:married Infanta
1090:26 February 1746
1001:20 February 1790
963:19 November 1789
913:
895:Marie Antoinette
870:Seven Years' War
854:Treaty of Füssen
823:Marie de' Medici
817:), who also had
774:and his brother
708:Treaty of Vienna
639:Duke of Lorraine
631:Duchy of Teschen
550:Habsburg domains
491:Duke of Lorraine
465:
458:François Étienne
443:
377:
376:
276:
274:
270:
227:
203:
201:
165:
162:27 March 1729 –
149:Duke of Lorraine
123:
71:
52:
49:
40:
28:
27:
4237:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4097:
4092:
3955:
3947:
3884:Ernest the Iron
3850:
3842:
3515:
3507:
3462:
3353:
3348:
3318:
3313:
3201:
3196:
3166:
3161:
3132:
3113:
3094:
3072:
3048:
3029:
2896:Frederick (III)
2727:
2718:
2686:
2677:
2673:Louis the Child
2663:Charles the Fat
2637:
2628:
2623:
2593:
2588:
2570:
2337:
2332:
2291:
2277:
2275:
2269:
2255:
2244:
2233:
2230:King in Germany
2225:
2215:
2206:
2203:Duke of Teschen
2196:
2187:
2179:
2169:
2160:
2152:
2131:
2129:8 December 1708
2125:
2124:
2117:
2097:, ed. (1911). "
2082:
2080:
2051:
2046:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2009:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1971:
1967:
1951:
1947:
1930:
1926:
1909:
1905:
1897:
1882:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1840:
1835:
1669:Anne of Austria
1338:
1316:- Francis, 1747
1290:8 December 1756
1270:16 October 1793
1267:2 November 1755
1197:15 October 1767
1175:4 February 1750
1141:King of Bohemia
1137:King of Hungary
1070:18 January 1761
1067:1 February 1745
982:25 January 1741
979:12 January 1740
941:5 February 1737
911:
842:
784:
701:Cardinal Fleury
682:Lord Lieutenant
617:Leopold Clement
562:
461:
385:Francis Stephen
371:
278:
266:
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235:County of Tyrol
229:
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204:8 December 1708
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120:12 July 1737 –
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3347:
3346:
3339:
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3315:
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3303:
3291:
3282:Ferdinando III
3279:
3271:
3263:
3255:
3247:
3239:
3231:
3223:
3215:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3195:
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3143:
3141:
3134:
3133:
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3124:
3122:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3109:Franz Joseph I
3105:
3103:
3096:
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3092:
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2856:
2851:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2797:Lothair II/III
2794:
2789:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
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2734:
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2142:Regnal titles
2139:
2138:
2136:18 August 1765
2118:
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2110:
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2095:Chisholm, Hugh
2078:
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2049:External links
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888:Imperial Crypt
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598:Anne Charlotte
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517:, daughter of
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224:18 August 1765
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3625:
3620:
3617:
3612:
3609:
3604:
3601:
3596:
3593:
3588:Frederick II
3587:
3582:
3579:
3574:
3571:
3566:
3563:
3558:
3555:
3550:
3547:
3542:
3539:
3534:
3531:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3510:
3501:
3498:
3493:
3490:
3485:
3482:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3456:
3453:
3448:
3445:
3440:
3437:
3432:
3429:
3424:
3421:
3416:
3413:
3408:
3405:
3400:
3397:
3392:
3389:
3384:
3381:
3376:
3373:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3345:
3340:
3338:
3333:
3331:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3310:
3307:
3306:Ferdinando IV
3304:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3242:Ferdinando II
3240:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3193:
3188:
3186:
3181:
3179:
3174:
3173:
3170:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3152:Frederick III
3150:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:German Empire
3135:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3097:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:German Empire
3075:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2980:Ferdinand III
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2960:Maximilian II
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2940:Frederick III
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
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2889:
2887:
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2866:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
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2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
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2692:
2689:
2684:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2620:
2615:
2613:
2608:
2606:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2585:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2526:Ferdinand III
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2506:Maximilian II
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2486:Frederick III
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
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2464:
2462:
2459:
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2404:
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2336:
2329:
2324:
2322:
2317:
2315:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2297:
2296:
2295:as sole ruler
2290:
2289:Maria Theresa
2283:
2282:
2281:Maria Theresa
2274:
2273:
2270:Ruler of the
2268:
2261:
2260:
2259:as sole ruler
2254:
2253:Maria Theresa
2248:
2243:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2231:
2224:
2218:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2172:
2168:
2159:
2158:
2151:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2128:
2123:
2122:
2113:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2090:public domain
2079:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2020:0-7394-2025-9
2017:
2013:
2007:
2001:
2000:Maria-Theresa
1995:
1986:
1979:
1978:1-84212-456-0
1975:
1969:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1942:
1941:90-6375-199-0
1938:
1934:
1928:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1907:
1900:
1899:Chisholm 1911
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1878:
1873:
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1584:
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1396:
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1330:
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1322:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1298:
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1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1250:, had issue (
1249:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1219:married King
1218:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1194:19 March 1751
1193:
1191:
1188:
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1174:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1158:
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1103:
1099:
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1087:
1084:
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1080:
1076:
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1069:
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1058:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1045:
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1038:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1000:
998:13 March 1741
997:
995:
992:
989:
988:
984:
981:
978:
976:
973:
970:
969:
965:
962:
959:
957:
954:
951:
950:
946:
943:
940:
938:
935:
932:
931:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
906:
904:
900:
896:
891:
889:
885:
880:
878:
873:
871:
865:
863:
859:
855:
846:
837:
835:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
805:
801:
793:
788:
779:
777:
773:
768:
766:
762:
758:
754:
752:
748:
744:
740:
734:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
716:King Louis XV
713:
709:
704:
702:
698:
693:
691:
687:
683:
674:
670:
668:
664:
660:
659:Houghton Hall
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
629:
624:
622:
618:
614:
613:Maria Theresa
610:
606:
601:
599:
595:
591:
590:Ferdinand III
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:Maria Theresa
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
459:
455:
451:
442:
438:
434:
431:
428:
424:
421:
418:
414:
411:
408:
404:
401:
398:
396:
392:
383:
378:
374:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
289:
287:
285:
281:
261:
260:Maria Theresa
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
223:
219:
216:
212:
208:
196:
192:
188:
185:
182:
178:
175:
172:
168:
161:
157:
154:
150:
146:
143:
140:
136:
133:
130:
126:
119:
115:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
95:
92:
88:
85:
80:
78:
74:
67:
63:
60:
56:
45:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
4098:
4029:Ferdinand II
3786:
3723:Ferdinand IV
3308:
3300:
3296:
3288:
3284:
3276:
3268:
3265:
3260:
3258:Gian Gastone
3252:
3244:
3236:
3228:
3226:Ferdinando I
3220:
3212:
3009:
2985:Ferdinand IV
2975:Ferdinand II
2945:Maximilian I
2922:
2905:
2863:
2848:Henry (VIII)
2846:
2832:Frederick II
2787:Conrad (III)
2779:
2772:
2706:
2683:East Francia
2634:East Francia
2550:
2521:Ferdinand II
2491:Maximilian I
2461:Frederick II
2294:
2293:
2278:
2265:
2258:
2257:
2239:
2228:
2201:
2182:
2155:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2102:
2070:Prague 2011
2038:
2033:
2027:
2011:
2006:
1999:
1994:
1985:
1968:
1953:
1948:
1932:
1927:
1911:
1906:
1872:
1572:
1293:27 July 1801
1252:Austria-Este
1116:1 March 1792
1093:18 June 1804
1077:, no issue.
1028:24 June 1798
892:
881:
874:
866:
851:
831:
809:
797:
769:
755:
735:
724:
705:
694:
679:
625:
602:
563:
531:
471:Franz Stefan
449:
448:
226:(1765-08-18)
132:Gian Gastone
42:Portrait by
25:
4117:1765 deaths
4112:1708 births
4088:(1665–1705)
4080:(1662–1665)
4072:(1632–1662)
4064:(1623–1632)
4056:(1619–1623)
4040:(1595–1619)
4032:(1564–1595)
4024:(1521–1564)
4021:Ferdinand I
4016:(1519–1521)
4008:(1490–1519)
4000:(1439–1490)
3992:(1406–1439)
3984:(1386–1406)
3976:(1365–1386)
3968:(1363–1365)
3943:(1590–1637)
3935:(1564–1590)
3927:(1521–1564)
3924:Ferdinand I
3919:(1519–1521)
3911:(1493–1519)
3903:(1457–1463)
3895:(1424–1493)
3887:(1402–1424)
3879:(1386–1411)
3871:(1386–1406)
3863:(1365–1386)
3838:(1916–1918)
3830:(1848–1916)
3822:(1835–1848)
3819:Ferdinand I
3814:(1792–1835)
3806:(1790–1792)
3803:Leopold VII
3798:(1765–1790)
3790:(1740–1765)
3782:(1740–1780)
3774:(1711–1740)
3771:Charles III
3766:(1705–1711)
3750:(1662–1665)
3742:(1632–1662)
3734:(1623–1632)
3726:(1637–1657)
3702:(1608–1619)
3694:(1576–1608)
3686:(1564–1576)
3678:(1521–1564)
3675:Ferdinand I
3670:(1519–1521)
3662:(1493–1519)
3654:(1457–1493)
3646:(1440–1457)
3638:(1404–1439)
3630:(1395-1404)
3622:(1365-1395)
3614:(1365-1379)
3606:(1358–1365)
3598:(1339–1344)
3590:(1339–1344)
3584:(1330–1339)
3576:(1330–1358)
3568:(1308–1326)
3560:(1308–1330)
3552:(1298–1307)
3544:(1282–1283)
3536:(1282–1308)
3528:(1278–1282)
3468:Interregnum
3458:(1230–1246)
3450:(1198–1230)
3442:(1195–1198)
3434:(1177–1194)
3426:(1141–1177)
3418:(1137–1141)
3410:(1095–1136)
3402:(1075–1095)
3394:(1055–1075)
3386:(1018–1055)
3301:(1849–1859)
3297:(1824–1849)
3294:Leopoldo II
3289:(1814–1824)
3285:(1790–1801)
3277:(1765–1790)
3269:(1737-1765)
3261:(1723–1737)
3253:(1670–1723)
3245:(1621–1670)
3237:(1609–1621)
3229:(1587–1609)
3221:(1574-1587)
3218:Francesco I
3213:(1569–1574)
3140:(1871–1918)
3121:(1867–1871)
3102:(1850–1866)
3080:(1848/1849)
3068:Ferdinand I
3056:(1815–1848)
3037:(1806–1813)
3005:Charles VII
2955:Ferdinand I
2837:Henry (VII)
2812:Frederick I
2546:Charles VII
2501:Ferdinand I
2446:Frederick I
2441:Lothair III
2371:Charles III
2346:Charlemagne
2223:Charles VII
2194:Stanisław I
1943:, pp. 22–23
1325:Silver coin
1312:: 10 paoli
1310:Silver coin
1236:1 June 1754
1143:from 1790.
1131:from 1790,
1025:13 May 1742
944:7 June 1740
890:in Vienna.
858:Charles VII
712:Stanisław I
596:and sister
430:Catholicism
170:Predecessor
164:9 July 1737
128:Predecessor
94:Charles VII
90:Predecessor
51: 1745
4106:Categories
4085:Leopold VI
4045:Albert VII
3932:Charles II
3811:Francis II
3755:Leopold VI
3707:Albert VII
3595:Leopold II
3378:(994–1018)
3274:Leopoldo I
3250:Cosimo III
3157:William II
3044:Napoleon I
3025:Francis II
3020:Leopold II
3000:Charles VI
2913:Wenceslaus
2901:Charles IV
2807:Henry (VI)
2802:Conrad III
2731:(962–1806)
2726:within the
2636:during the
2566:Francis II
2561:Leopold II
2541:Charles VI
2511:Rudolph II
2476:Charles IV
2366:Charles II
2245:1745–1765
2234:1745–1764
2207:1729–1765
2188:1729–1737
2167:Leopold II
2161:1737–1765
2099:Francis I.
1865:References
1113:5 May 1747
690:Bratislava
635:mediatised
605:Charles VI
560:Early life
200:1708-12-08
77:Coronation
4061:Leopold V
4013:Charles I
3916:Charles I
3835:Charles I
3795:Joseph II
3731:Leopold V
3667:Charles I
3370:(976–994)
3234:Cosimo II
3147:William I
3128:William I
3063:Francis I
3015:Joseph II
3010:Francis I
2990:Leopold I
2965:Rudolf II
2950:Charles V
2935:Albert II
2930:Sigismund
2886:Henry VII
2842:Conrad IV
2763:Henry III
2758:Conrad II
2690:(919–962)
2685:(911–919)
2641:(843–911)
2556:Joseph II
2551:Francis I
2531:Leopold I
2496:Charles V
2481:Sigismund
2466:Henry VII
2426:Henry III
2421:Conrad II
2391:Louis III
2356:Lothair I
2213:Joseph II
899:Joseph II
884:Innsbruck
862:co-regent
695:When the
688:(today's
686:Pressburg
651:The Hague
582:Habsburgs
566:Lunéville
554:Joseph II
463:‹See Tfd›
450:Francis I
436:Signature
207:Lunéville
184:Stanislas
180:Successor
142:Leopold I
138:Successor
104:Joseph II
100:Successor
31:Francis I
4037:Matthias
3763:Joseph I
3699:Matthias
3691:Rudolf V
3635:Albert V
3533:Albert I
3525:Rudolf I
3210:Cosimo I
2995:Joseph I
2970:Matthias
2891:Louis IV
2881:Albert I
2871:Rudolf I
2817:Henry VI
2768:Henry IV
2753:Henry II
2748:Otto III
2697:Conrad I
2653:Carloman
2584:Category
2536:Joseph I
2516:Matthias
2471:Louis IV
2451:Henry VI
2431:Henry IV
2416:Henry II
2411:Otto III
2396:Berengar
2361:Louis II
1838:See also
1336:Ancestry
1299:, 1784.
1273:married
1242:married
1096:married
1075:smallpox
1073:died of
1031:married
782:Marriage
628:Silesian
609:Habsburg
603:Emperor
586:Eleonore
570:Lorraine
523:Habsburg
426:Religion
400:Lorraine
3517:Austria
2907:Günther
2865:Alfonso
2859:Richard
2854:William
2827:Otto IV
2792:Henry V
2781:Hermann
2743:Otto II
2702:Henry I
2456:Otto IV
2436:Henry V
2406:Otto II
2381:Lambert
2351:Louis I
2177:Leopold
2092::
1922:, p. 47
852:In the
663:Norfolk
594:Charles
511:Tuscany
507:Austria
475:Italian
277:
265:
174:Leopold
4048:(1619)
3710:(1619)
3309:(1859)
3299:&
3287:&
2918:Rupert
2822:Philip
2774:Rudolf
2738:Otto I
2714:Otto I
2708:Arnulf
2668:Arnulf
2401:Otto I
2386:Arnulf
2132:
2086:
2074:
2018:
1976:
1960:
1939:
1918:
1248:Modena
928:Notes
819:Medici
727:Medici
661:, the
621:Vienna
509:, and
497:, and
467:German
454:French
416:Mother
406:Father
271:
254:Spouse
242:Burial
3957:Tyrol
2924:Jobst
2876:Adolf
2279:with
2134:Died:
2127:Born:
2037:[
925:Death
922:Birth
909:Issue
840:Reign
645:) by
395:House
380:Names
284:Issue
275:)
267:(
263:
159:Reign
117:Reign
65:Reign
2072:ISBN
2016:ISBN
1974:ISBN
1958:ISBN
1937:ISBN
1916:ISBN
1787:15.
1729:14.
1667:13.
1609:12.
1545:11.
1487:10.
1139:and
919:Name
493:and
273:1736
221:Died
194:Born
151:and
2376:Guy
2101:".
1755:7.
1693:3.
1635:6.
1571:1.
1513:5.
1451:2.
1425:9.
1393:4.
1367:8.
916:No.
692:).
495:Bar
153:Bar
4108::
1883:^
1282:16
1259:15
1228:14
1205:13
1186:12
1167:11
1148:10
1135:,
825:,
753:.
669:.
600:.
568:,
505:,
489:,
485:,
477::
473:;
469::
460:;
456::
269:m.
233:,
213:,
209:,
48:c.
46:,
3343:e
3336:t
3329:v
3191:e
3184:t
3177:v
2618:e
2611:t
2604:v
2327:e
2320:t
2313:v
2022:.
1980:.
1901:.
1105:9
1082:8
1059:7
1040:6
1017:5
990:4
971:3
952:2
933:1
794:)
202:)
198:(
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