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1392:. Walt Ruloff, a producer for the film, claimed that by rejecting intelligent design, Collins was "toeing the party line," a claim which Collins called "just ludicrous." In an interview he stated that "intelligent design is headed for collapse in the not too distant future" and that "science class ought to be about science, and opening the door to religious perspectives in that setting is a big mistake." In 2007, Collins founded the
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953:'s "focused protection" herd immunity strategy, calling it "a fringe component of epidemiology. This is not mainstream science. It's dangerous. It fits into the political views of certain parts of our confused political establishment." In a private email to Fauci, Collins called the authors of the declaration "fringe epidemiologists" and said that "There needs to be a quick and devastating published take down of its premises".
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of interventions to reduce cancer incidence and improve patient outcomes. In 2016, Collins instituted a number of clinical trial reforms to enhance protection of participants in research and improve reporting of research results in
ClinicalTrials.gov. In 2017, Collins implemented the Next Generation Researchers Initiative to improve the odds for early investigators to win NIH grants.
2592:"It is humbling for me, and awe-inspiring," he said, standing at Clinton's side, "to realize that we have caught the first glimpse of our own instruction book, previously known only to God." That moment moved Collins -- who is married and has two grown daughters — to talk more publicly about his faith and to write the book. "It's been a bit like taking a public bath," he said.
762:. He stated that "It is humbling for me, and awe-inspiring to realize that we have caught the first glimpse of our own instruction book, previously known only to God." An initial analysis was published in February 2001, and scientists worked toward finishing the reference version of the human genome sequence by 2003, coinciding with the 50th anniversary of
1303:." After several years of deliberation, he finally converted to Christianity during a trip to the Cascade Mountains, where he describes a striking image of a frozen waterfall as removing his final resistance, resulting in his conversion the following morning. He has described himself as a "serious Christian."
1038:
In
January 2016, President Obama announced a new initiative to galvanize the nation's research efforts against cancer. Fueled by an additional $ 680 million in the proposed fiscal year 2017 budget for NIH, the National Cancer Moonshot Initiative aims to accelerate progress toward the next generation
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In 2014, Collins worked with the larger biomedical research community to create principles and guidelines to foster rigor and reproducibility in preclinical research, including incorporating sex as a biological variable to ensure differences in treatment response between men and women are addressed.
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as "a cop-out." In response, Collins clarified his position on agnosticism so as to exclude "earnest agnostics who have considered the evidence and still don't find an answer. I was reacting to the agnosticism I see in the scientific community, which has not been arrived at by a careful examination
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In other precedent-setting actions during his time as NIH director, Collins announced in
November 2015 that NIH will no longer support any biomedical research involving chimpanzees. In December 2015, Collins and other NIH leaders released a detailed plan that charted a course for NIH's efforts over
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and colleagues at
Toronto's Hospital for Sick Children identified the locus for the gene. It was then determined that a shortcut was needed to speed the process of identification, so Tsui contacted Collins, who agreed to collaborate with the Toronto team and share his chromosome-jumping technique.
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podcast, he said that the overall aim of the book was to show that "one can be intellectually in a rigorous position and argue that science and faith can be compatible", and that he was prompted to write the book because "most people are seeking a possible harmony between these worldviews , and it
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To support the
Administration's Stop Opioid Abuse Initiative, Collins launched the NIH HEAL (Helping to End Addiction Long-term) Initiative in April 2018. The NIH HEAL Initiative bolsters research across NIH to improve treatments for opioid misuse and addiction and enhance pain management. Also in
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referred to
Francis Collins as "one of the greatest living Americans" and stated that Collins was one of the most devout believers he had ever met. He further stated that Collins was sequencing the genome of the cancer that would ultimately claim Hitchens's life, and that their friendship despite
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In addition to his basic genetic research and scientific leadership, Collins is known for his close attention to ethical and legal issues in genetics. He has been a strong advocate for protecting the privacy of genetic information and has served as a national leader in securing the passage of the
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writer
Jocelyn Kaiser opined that Collins was "known as a skilled administrator and excellent communicator," that Obama's nomination "did not come as a big surprise" and that the appointment "ignited a volley of flattering remarks from researchers and biomedical groups." Yet, she wrote, Collins
2397:
Eriksson, Maria; Brown, W. Ted; Gordon, Leslie B.; Glynn, Michael W.; Singer, Joel; Scott, Laura; Erdos, Michael R.; Robbins, Christiane M.; Moses, Tracy Y.; Berglund, Peter; Dutra, Amalia; Pak, Evgenia; Durkin, Sandra; Csoka, Antonei B.; Boehnke, Michael; Glover, Thomas W.; Collins, Francis S.
1451:, Collins stated that he is "intensely uncomfortable with abortion as a solution to anything" and does not "perceive a precise moment at which life begins other than the moment of conception." However, in the same interview it was said that Collins also "does not advocate changing the law."
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the ensuing five years. The NIH-Wide
Strategic Plan, Fiscal Years 2016-2020: Turning Discovery Into Health was aimed at ensuring the agency remains well positioned to capitalize on new opportunities for scientific exploration and to address new challenges for human health.
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in 2010 and the Pro Bono
Humanum Award of the Galien Foundation in 2012, the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) Public Service Award in 2017, the Pontifical Key Scientific Award in 2018, and the Warren Alpert Foundation Prize in 2018.
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We embrace the historical
Christian faith, upholding the authority and inspiration of the Bible. We affirm evolutionary creation, recognizing God as Creator of all life over billions of years. We seek truth, ever learning as we study the natural world and the
2626:
At the public announcement of the completion of the Human Genome Project, its director, Francis Collins, said: 'It is humbling for me and awe-inspiring to realize that we have caught the first glimpse of our own instruction book, previously known only to
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in Staunton, Virginia. Through most of his high school and college years he aspired to be a chemist, and he had little interest in what he then considered the "messy" field of biology. What he referred to as his "formative education" was received at the
789:—which is now being used to discover variants correlated with disease risk. Among the labs engaged in that effort is Collins's own lab at NHGRI, which has sought to identify and understand the genetic variations that influence the risk of developing
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in the United States. Dr. Collins was the special advisor to President Biden on the Hepatitis C elimination plan. Dr. Collins's wrote an op-ed in The New York Times on the elimination plan advocating that the U.S. commit the appropriate resources.
1285:. However, a conversation with a hospital patient led him to question his lack of religious views, and he investigated various faiths. He familiarized himself with the evidence for and against God in cosmology, and on the recommendation of a
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addressing NIH grants to EcoHealth Alliance. Comer, who has held hearings criticizing the use of U.S. federal funds for research related to bat coronaviruses in China, subsequently accused Collins of having potentially misled the
1031:(PMI), later renamed the All of Us Research Program, in his State of the Union address. All of Us seeks to extend precision medicine to all diseases by building a national research cohort of 1 million or more U.S. participants.
3214:
Valantine, Hannah A. (November 2017). "50 Years to Gender Parity: Can STEM Afford to Wait?: A Cardiologist and NIH Chief Officer of Scientific Workforce Diversity Reflects on What It Will Take to Keep Women in Biomedicine".
844:
On July 8, 2009, President Barack Obama nominated Collins as director of the National Institutes of Health, and the Senate unanimously confirmed him for the post. He was sworn in by Health and Human Services Secretary
2344:
Chandrasekharappa, S. C.; Guru, S. C.; Manickam, P; Olufemi, S. E.; Collins, F. S.; Emmert-Buck, M. R.; Debelenko, L. V.; Zhuang, Z; Lubensky, I. A.; Liotta, L. A.; Crabtree, J. S.; Wang, Y; Roe, B. A.; Weisemann, J;
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federal Genetic Information and Nondiscrimination Act, which prohibits gene-based discrimination in employment and health insurance. In 2013, spurred by concerns over the publication of the genome of the widely used
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997:(BRAIN) Initiative, announced by President Obama and Collins on April 2, 2013, at the White House; and, in February 2014, the Accelerating Medicines Partnership (AMP), a public-private partnership between NIH, the
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2018, Collins launched an initiative to address sexual harassment in science and change a culture that sends messages to women and other underrepresented groups that they don't belong in biomedical research.
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to "contribute to the public voice that represents the harmony of science and faith." He served as the foundation's president until he was confirmed as director of the NIH. Collins has also spoken at the
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812:, Collins is also very interested in opening avenues for genome research to benefit the health of people living in developing nations. For example, in 2010, he helped establish an initiative called
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to expand the Sound Health Initiative, which was announced in February 2017. Sound Health aims to expand current knowledge and explore ways to enhance the potential for music as therapy for
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as a foundation to develop his religious views. He believes that people cannot be converted to Christianity by reason and argument alone, and that the final stage of conversion entails a "
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because it was deemed to be "important in helping us identify, understand, and develop strategies and effective countermeasures against rapidly evolving pathogens that pose a threat to
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1976:
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663:, and in 1984 the two published a paper, "Directional cloning of DNA fragments at a large distance from an initial probe: a circularization method". The method described was named
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805:, Collins and other NIH leaders worked with the Lacks family to reach an agreement to protect their privacy, while giving researchers controlled access to the genomic data.
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on September 8, 1989. This identification was followed by other genetic discoveries made by Collins and a variety of collaborators. They included isolation of the genes for
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sparked his interest in the subject. After consulting with his mentor from the University of Virginia, Carl Trindle, he changed fields and enrolled in medical school at the
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Collins announced his resignation as NHGRI director on May 28, 2008, but has continued to lead an active lab there with a research focus on progeria and type 2 diabetes.
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3179:(June 4, 2018). Prepared Statement of Dr. John Sarrao, Principal Associate Director, Science, Technology & Engineering, Los Alamos National Laboratory (Report).
895:: "I have made it clear that I have no religious agenda for the N.I.H., and I think the vast majority of scientists have been reassured by that and have moved on."
870:. . . may help him build bridges with those who view some gene-based research as a potential threat to religious values." Collins's appointment was welcomed by the
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In 1994 Collins founded NHGRI's Division of Intramural Research, a collection of investigator-directed laboratories that conduct genome research on the NIH campus.
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and advocates the perspective that belief in Christianity can be reconciled with acceptance of evolution and science, especially through the idea that the
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of the evidence. I went through a phase when I was a casual agnostic, and I am perhaps too quick to assume that others have no more depth than I did."
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On October 5, 2021, Collins announced that he would resign as NIH director by the end of the year. Four months later in February 2022, he joined the
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744:(NHGRI) in 1997. As director he oversaw the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium, which was the group that successfully carried out the
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Before being appointed director of the NIH, Collins led the Human Genome Project and other genomics research initiatives as director of the
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2673:"Transcript, Bob Abernethy's interview with Dr. Francis Collins, director of the Human Genome Project at the National Institutes of Health"
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1372:, emphasizing that denominational differences were not essential to him. He recalled that, growing up, he participated in the choir of an
1333:. He wrote that one can "think of DNA as an instructional script, a software program, sitting in the nucleus of the cell." He appeared on
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On October 5, 2021, Collins announced that he would resign as NIH director by the end of the year. His last day was 19 December 2021.
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faculty in 1984, rising to the rank of professor in internal medicine and human genetics. His gene-hunting approach, which he named "
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Tsui, LC; Buchwald M; Barker D (November 29, 1985). "Cystic fibrosis locus defined by a genetically linked polymorphic DNA marker".
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National Institutes of Health, "NIH and Wellcome Trust Announce Partnership to Support Population-Based Genome Studies in Africa,"
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1020:. The grants were terminated in 2020 under the Donald Trump administration, during Trump's feud with China over the origins of
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2805:""President Obama Announces Intent to Nominate Francis Collins as NIH Director," Press Office, the White House, July 8, 2009"
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4339:"Science versus religion: Lecture series invitees discuss implications for scientific progress to support or suppress faith"
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and the diversity of the scientific workforce. Other projects he took on early in his tenure included increased support for
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501:(NHGRI), one of the 27 institutes and centers at NIH. Before joining NHGRI, he earned a reputation as a gene hunter at the
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Secretary Sebelius Announces Senate Confirmation of Dr. Francis Collins as Director of the National Institutes of Health
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accused Collins of "work with the media to trash the Great Barrington Declaration." and of "Shut Down Covid Debate".
2349:; Agarwal, S. K.; Kester, M. B.; Kim, Y. S.; Heppner, C; Dong, Q; Spiegel, A. M.; Burns, A. L.; Marx, S. J. (1997).
1735:"Keynote Remarks at the 7th Multi-stakeholder Forum on Science, Technology, and Innovation for the SDGs (STI Forum)"
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3723:"NIH launches HEAL Initiative, doubles funding to accelerate scientific solutions to stem national opioid epidemic"
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2246:"A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes"
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583:, the youngest of four sons of Fletcher Collins and Margaret James Collins. Raised on a small farm in Virginia's
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858:"does have his critics," some of them who were concerned with the new director's "outspoken Christian faith."
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classics re-written to address the challenges of contemporary biomedical research. Collins has performed at
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4624:"July 21, 2006 ~ Dr. Francis S. Collins Interview | July 21, 2006 | Religion & Ethics NewsWeekly | PBS"
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Semiclassical theory of vibrationally inelastic-scattering, with application to proton + hydrogen molecule
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Directional cloning of DNA fragments at a large distance from an initial probe: a circularization method
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3697:"Launching the Next Generation Researchers Initiative to Strengthen the Biomedical Research Enterprise"
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3563:"Blue Ribbon Panel Announced to Help Guide Vice President Biden's National Cancer Moonshot Initiative"
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Several scientific teams worked in the 1970s and 1980s to identify genes and their loci as a cause of
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2308:(5th ed.). Baltimore: Wolters Kluwer Health: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 201–3.
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Collins wrote that scientific discoveries were an "opportunity to worship" and that he rejected both
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list of Washington's most powerful, least famous people. Collins appeared on the series finale of
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4313:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details - NSF - National Science Foundation"
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with other NIH scientists. Sometimes the band, called the Directors, dueled with a rock band from
985:(NCATS) on December 23, 2011. In January 2013, Collins created two senior scientific positions on
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In October 2009, shortly after his appointment as NIH director, Collins stated in an interview in
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2640:"President Clinton, British Prime Minister Tony Blair Deliver Remarks on Human Genome Milestone"
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their differing opinion on religion was an example of the greatest armed truce in modern times.
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3849:"Opinion | We Are Squandering One of the Most Important Medical Advances of the 21st Century"
3802:"Former NIH Director Francis S. Collins on the New White House Plan to Eliminate Hepatitis C"
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Kaiser, J. (2009). "White House Taps Former Genome Chief Francis Collins as NIH Director".
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seems rather sad that we hear so little about this possibility. Collins said he had been a
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Building on his own experiences as a physician volunteer in a rural missionary hospital in
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2400:"Recurrent de novo point mutations in lamin a cause Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome"
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3941:"Jesus Goes to Bethesda: Just how religious is Obama's nominee for director of the NIH?"
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in 2000. In 2005, Collins and Venter were honored as two of "America's Best Leaders" by
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3883:"Francis Collins, a former N.I.H. director, will fill in as a science adviser to Biden"
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Another major activity at NHGRI during his tenure as director was the creation of the
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3646:"HHS takes steps to provide more information about clinical trials to the public"
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by President George W. Bush. In 2008 he was awarded the Inamori Ethics Prize and
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Collins also has written books on science, medicine, and religion, including the
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1977:"Positional cloning of human disease genes: a reversal of scientific priorities"
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3036:"Boston researchers join letter in The Lancet rejecting herd immunity strategy"
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1681:"Francis Collins to step down as director of the National Institutes of Health"
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3236:
3125:"President-elect Biden Announces Key Members of his White House Science Team"
3103:
3062:"Dr. Jay Bhattacharya: How To Avoid 'Absolutely Catastrophic' COVID Mistakes"
2849:
2179:
2148:
1789:
1653:"Human genome and embryology experts named to Pontifical Academy of Sciences"
1506:
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announced his selection of Collins to continue to serve as the NIH Director.
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Collins, Francis S.; Lauer, Michael S.; Hudson, Kathy L. (October 4, 2016).
2726:"Scientist at work: Francis S. Collins; unlocking the secrets of the Genome"
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4004:"NIH Director Francis Collins addresses SMU students at 102nd Commencement"
3833:
3817:
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3388:
3339:
3244:
2857:
2451:
2346:
2008:
Collins F (1992). "Positional Cloning: Let's not call it reverse anymore".
1962:
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932:
759:
755:
621:
494:, from 17 August 2009 to 19 December 2021, serving under three presidents.
221:
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2125:
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who discovered the genes associated with a number of diseases and led the
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6149:
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5664:
5019:
4590:
3411:"Bat Research Group Failed to Submit Virus Studies Promptly, N.I.H. Says"
3176:
2767:
2432:
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1982:. University of Alberta, Department of Biological Science. Archived from
1433:
1296:
1104:
1084:
1067:
970:
announced his selection of Collins to continue to serve as NIH Director.
816:(H3Africa) to advance African capacity and expertise in genomic science.
568:
107:
4294:"Inamori Ethics Prize, Past Recipients," Case Western Reserve University
2423:
2351:"Positional Cloning of the Gene for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia-Type 1"
1503:
The Language of Science and Faith: Straight Answers to Genuine Questions
938:
On 19 December 2017, Collins and the NIH lifted the Obama moratorium on
754:
In June 2000 Collins was joined by President Bill Clinton and biologist
10157:
10036:
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9680:
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5899:
5389:
5317:
4921:
3066:
1189:
Award for Excellence in Molecular Diagnostics in 1998. He received the
1123:
904:, Collins discussed his leadership at the NIH and other topics such as
3192:
3151:"NIH establishes National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences"
10341:
9639:
9448:
7973:
7743:
6093:
5481:
5133:
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
4571:
3267:""Researchers, Advocates Gather to Accelerate Alzheimer's Research,"
2794:, Vol. 86 No. 31, August 4, 2008, p. 33, "Francis Collins leaves NIH"
2051:
Nelson, David L. (June 1995). "Positional cloning reaches maturity".
2021:
1856:
1496:
1483:
The Language of Life: DNA and the Revolution in Personalized Medicine
1357:
1341:
1286:
1001:, 10 biopharmaceutical firms, and multiple non-profit organizations.
967:
686:", developed into a powerful component of modern molecular genetics.
605:
156:
95:
7781:
3370:
3321:
3184:
2519:
2350:
2343:
9444:
5485:
1944:
1793:
1365:
1330:
1282:
1205:. Collins and Venter shared the "Biography of the Year" title from
1021:
986:
3940:
3671:
1534:
List of events in National Human Genome Research Institute history
1383:, and for this reason he was not asked to participate in the 2008
1181:
recipient in 1993. Collins received the Golden Plate Award of the
4916:
4895:
3960:"Science Writers Entertained By High-Powered Battle Of The Bands"
2751:
2521:
2473:
809:
546:
Creator brought about his plan through the processes of evolution
9821:
9619:
Princess of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research
5158:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
5148:
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders
4813:
Beardsley T (1998). "Profile: Where Science and Religion Meet".
3479:"NIH to reduce significantly the use of chimpanzees in research"
866:
staffer David Brown wrote, however, that Collins's status as a "
9938:
4925:
4883:
3590:"Toward a New Era of Trust and Transparency in Clinical Trials"
2174:
Stalking a Lethal Gene:Discovering the Gene for Cystic Fibrosis
1131:
1100:
1079:
On February 17, 2022, President Biden named Collins the acting
648:
394:
9254:
Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research
4368:
4129:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"
10674:
Members of the International Society for Science and Religion
5076:
4514:
The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief
3429:"FACT SHEET: President Obama's Precision Medicine Initiative"
1757:
The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief
1472:
The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief
1309:
The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief
1142:
995:
Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies
921:
898:
On October 1, 2009, in the second of his four appearances on
533:
The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief
5183:
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
4650:"The Question of God . Other Voices . Francis Collins | PBS"
3296:
Collins, Francis S.; Tabak, Lawrence A. (January 30, 2014).
1626:
1249:, and discussed the interplay between science and religion.
9657:
9586:
5138:
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
4906:
4203:"Genomic Leaders Receive 2001 Biotechnology Heritage Award"
3548:
3460:
3446:
2822:
2331:
Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (Small textbook)
2306:
Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundation of Medicine
1808:"225 Years of Tar Heels: Francis Collins | UNC-Chapel Hill"
1584:"Leadership During Crisis with Francis S. Collins, MD, PhD"
798:
651:
in Human Genetics at the medical school from 1981 to 1984.
3749:"Changing the culture of science to end sexual harassment"
1737:. United States Mission to the United Nations. May 5, 2022
10689:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
3672:"Next Generation Researchers Initiative | grants.nih.gov"
2643:
2499:"Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D. Biography and Interview"
1857:
Francis S. Collins; Sherman M. Weissman (November 1984).
1089:
President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology
1008:
Beginning in 2014, the NIH provided multi-year grants to
771:
5229:
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
5143:
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
3353:
Clayton, Janine A.; Collins, Francis S. (May 15, 2014).
2396:
5188:
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
4853:"Dr. Francis S. Collins: On The Trail Of Disease Genes"
3531:"FACT SHEET: Investing in the National Cancer Moonshot"
3355:"Policy: NIH to balance sex in cell and animal studies"
10749:
University of North Carolina School of Medicine alumni
5411:
National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award
5153:
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
3021:"NIH Lifts Funding Pause on Gain-of-Function Research"
2201:
Marx, J. (1989). "The cystic fibrosis gene is found".
2085:
1027:
In January 2015 President Obama announced the NIH-led
785:
produced a catalog of human genetic variations—called
10634:
Converts to Protestantism from atheism or agnosticism
5128:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2699:"The HeLa Genome: An Agreement on Privacy and Access"
2675:. PBS, Religion and Ethics Newsweekly. Archived from
758:
in making the announcement of a working draft of the
5234:
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
4234:," December 19, 2000, URL accessed January 30, 2007.
3409:
Zimmer, Carl; Mueller, Benjamin (October 21, 2021).
1122:. Lyrics of the Directors' songs included spoofs of
983:
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
5168:
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
2143:
Blazing a Genetic Trail/.../Jumping Toward the Gene
1765:
1059:Republicans as to EcoHealth Alliance's activities.
876:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
5123:National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
4676:"Scientists Feel Miscast in Film on Life's Origin"
3587:
2917:"For N.I.H. Chief, Issues of Identity and Culture"
1919:
1245:, a Nobel Prize recipient for physics, shared the
5497:
4585:
4583:
3775:"White House makes push to eradicate hepatitis C"
2942:"Washington's Most Powerful, Least Famous People"
2875:"Obama picks Francis Collins as new NIH Director"
2178:. Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Archived from
2147:. Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Archived from
1107:riding is often mentioned in articles about him.
912:. And, in November 2011, Collins was included on
836:Collins with Health and Human Services Secretary
450:Francis Collins speaks on the development of the
10764:Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
10590:
7782:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences
2520:National Human Genome Research Institute (ed.).
2478:National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
1345:radio to discuss his book. In an interview with
9587:European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN
4777:"NIH Director: 'We're on an Exponential Curve'"
3404:
3402:
3400:
3398:
2900:Francis Collins Leader for the 21st Century NIH
1867:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1812:The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
1281:By graduate school, Collins considered himself
1046:In October 2021, NIH principal deputy director
993:research, which was announced in May 2012; the
728:In 1993 National Institutes of Health Director
659:At Yale, Collins worked under the direction of
626:University of North Carolina School of Medicine
10654:Directors of the National Institutes of Health
5173:National Institute of General Medical Sciences
4580:
4439:"Francis Collins Awarded 2020 Templeton Prize"
4102:Nelson, Richard William (September 18, 2012).
3352:
3298:"Policy: NIH plans to enhance reproducibility"
3092:"How Fauci and Collins Shut Down Covid Debate"
827:
620:in 1974. During his time at Yale, a course in
10684:Members of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
10198:
10184:
9807:
9224:
5467:
5244:National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
5062:
4993:Director of the National Institutes of Health
4168:
3408:
1873:(21). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA: 6812–6816.
1675:
1673:
1461:Principles of Medical Genetics, 2nd Edition,
981:Collins was instrumental in establishing the
128:Director of the National Institutes of Health
5260:Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health
4505:
3395:
3295:
2667:
2665:
2303:
1087:resigned. He also serves as co-chair of the
639:and chief residency in internal medicine at
140:August 17, 2009 – December 19, 2021
87:February 18, 2022 – October 3, 2022
30:For other people named Francis Collins, see
10679:Members of the National Academy of Medicine
4812:
4589:
4336:
4225:Montgomery County, Maryland, Press Releases
3916:"President Biden Announces OSTP Leadership"
3027:
2169:
2138:
1602:"Gene Therapy Cures Cystic Fibrosis In Lab"
647:. He then returned to Yale, where he was a
574:
10191:
10177:
9814:
9800:
9231:
9217:
5474:
5460:
5069:
5055:
4937:
4801:Francis Collins: The Scientist as Believer
4568:"Francis Collins on 'The Language of God'"
4267:Collins Wins Presidential Medal of Freedom
4200:
4194:
3881:Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (February 17, 2022).
3023:. Director, National Institutes of Health.
2597:
2558:, 10/31/05, URL accessed January 30, 2007.
2304:Rubin, Raphael; Strayer, David S. (2008).
1927:Introductory Speech for Francis S. Collins
1670:
924:with several other famous people singing "
49:
5108:National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
4747:
4597:Dr. Francis Collins - The Language of God
3621:
3378:
3329:
3213:
3059:
3019:Collins, Francis S. (December 19, 2017).
2662:
2607:God's Undertaker: Has Science Buried God?
2441:
2431:
2272:
2243:
2107:
2007:
1952:
1896:
1886:
1403:relationship between science and religion
1074:
738:National Center for Human Genome Research
542:relationship between science and religion
336:University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
10719:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
7191:
5113:National Human Genome Research Institute
4964:National Human Genome Research Institute
4750:"Christopher Hitchens says "I'm dying.""
3985:"To scientists, he's the real rock star"
3880:
3033:
1493:Belief: Readings on the Reason for Faith
1163:National Human Genome Research Institute
1138:Commencement and Rock Stars of Science.
949:In October 2020, Collins criticized the
831:
742:National Human Genome Research Institute
499:National Human Genome Research Institute
380:National Human Genome Research Institute
201:National Human Genome Research Institute
27:American physician-scientist (born 1950)
5761:
5483:United States National Medal of Science
4511:
4485:
4254:," 2005, URL accessed February 4, 2008.
3846:
3018:
1771:
693:. Progress was modest until 1985, when
14:
10591:
5421:National Center for Research Resources
5193:National Institute of Nursing Research
4774:
4756:from the original on December 21, 2021
4512:Collins, Francis (September 4, 2008).
4392:"2018 Pontifical Key Scientific Award"
4101:
4095:
4001:
3982:
3847:Collins, Francis (November 28, 2023).
3799:
3175:
3086:
3084:
3012:
2914:
2835:
2723:
2603:
2050:
1577:
1575:
1145:also inspired him to partner with the
1050:sent a letter to Kentucky Congressman
10172:
9795:
9617:
9252:
9243:for Technical and Scientific Research
9212:
8311:
8310:
7780:
7190:
6704:
5760:
5496:
5455:
5050:
4719:"Francis Collins - The Veritas Forum"
4674:Dean, Cornelia (September 27, 2007).
3034:Finucane, Martin (October 14, 2020).
2869:
2867:
2522:"The Division of Intramural Research"
1555:
1553:
1463:with T.D. Gelehrter and D. Ginsburg (
1066:announced an initiative to eliminate
966:On January 15, 2021, President-elect
608:in 1970. He went on to graduate as a
478:(born April 14, 1950) is an American
10699:National Institutes of Health people
10659:Foreign members of the Royal Society
9241:Prince or Princess of Asturias Award
5426:National Institutes of Health Police
5406:National Institutes of Health campus
5224:John E. Fogarty International Center
4673:
4201:Strickland, Debbie (June 13, 2001).
3983:Kaplan, Karen (September 18, 2010).
3053:
2915:Harris, Gardiner (October 6, 2009).
2200:
1707:"Faith, Science and Francis Collins"
1432:criticized Collins's description of
1230:. In 2007 he was presented with the
1156:
718:Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome
654:
635:From 1978 to 1981, Collins served a
213:April 1993 – August 1, 2008
9369:Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
5431:Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare
5396:United States Public Health Service
5270:National Diabetes Education Program
5178:National Institute of Mental Health
4863:"Collins Forms BioLogos Foundation"
4155:Association for Molecular Pathology
4082:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
3800:Abbasi, Jennifer (April 18, 2023).
3753:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
3727:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
3701:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
3650:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
3567:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
3509:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
3081:
1685:National Institutes of Health (NIH)
1581:
1572:
1266:Foreign Member of the Royal Society
1199:Biotechnology Industry Organization
1187:Association for Molecular Pathology
1175:Canada Gairdner International Award
1110:While directing NHGRI, he formed a
814:Human Heredity and Health in Africa
770:'s publication of the structure of
714:multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
591:until the sixth grade. He attended
24:
10759:Writers about religion and science
10694:Members of The BioLogos Foundation
4846:
4544:. December 6, 2006. Archived from
4389:
3060:Gillespie, Nick (April 20, 2022).
2864:
2724:Kolate, Gina (November 30, 1993).
1550:
1228:American Society of Human Genetics
540:, which promotes discourse on the
25:
10780:
9393:Pedro Miguel Echenique Landiríbar
5214:Center for Information Technology
4876:
4829:10.1038/scientificamerican0298-28
4486:Paulson, Steve (August 7, 2006).
2567:
2328:
1834:"Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D."
1772:Collins, Francis Sellers (1974).
1465:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
1389:Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed
999:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
5163:National Institute on Drug Abuse
5027:Science Advisor to the President
4894:
4882:
4806:
4794:
4775:Wehner, Peter (March 17, 2020).
4768:
4741:
4711:
4693:
4667:
4642:
4628:Religion & Ethics NewsWeekly
4616:
4560:
4530:
4479:
4457:
4419:. Warren Alpert Foundation Prize
1321:. His own belief, he wrote, was
1134:2012, StandUpToCancer, The 2017
1081:science advisor to the president
801:cell line derived from the late
641:North Carolina Memorial Hospital
565:Science Advisor to the President
440:
66:Science Advisor to the President
32:Francis Collins (disambiguation)
10664:Human Genome Project scientists
10649:American critics of creationism
10614:American expatriates in Nigeria
5401:Division of Intramural Research
4869:American Scientific Affiliation
4431:
4409:
4383:
4353:
4330:
4305:
4287:
4257:
4237:
4217:
4143:
4137:American Academy of Achievement
4121:
4070:
4053:
4017:
3995:
3976:
3952:
3934:
3908:
3874:
3840:
3793:
3767:
3741:
3715:
3689:
3664:
3638:
3581:
3555:
3523:
3497:
3471:
3453:
3421:
3346:
3289:
3259:
3207:
3169:
3143:
3117:
2986:
2960:
2934:
2908:
2893:
2829:
2797:
2792:Chemical & Engineering News
2785:
2772:NIH Intramural Research Program
2760:
2745:
2717:
2691:
2646:. June 26, 2000. Archived from
2632:
2561:
2535:
2513:
2507:American Academy of Achievement
2491:
2466:
2390:
2381:
2337:
2322:
2297:
2237:
2194:
2163:
2132:
2079:
2044:
2001:
1969:
1913:
1850:
1826:
1800:
1627:"About The BioLogos Foundation"
1276:
1183:American Academy of Achievement
822:
787:single-nucleotide polymorphisms
486:. He served as director of the
10744:University of Michigan faculty
10739:Trump administration personnel
10709:People from Staunton, Virginia
10704:Obama administration personnel
10629:Biden administration personnel
4337:Nathan Ball (March 25, 2008).
4176:"Biotechnology Heritage Award"
4104:"The Extinction of "Junk DNA""
4002:Kaplan, Karen (May 20, 2017).
2333:(16th ed.). p. 2453.
1749:
1727:
1699:
1645:
1619:
1594:
1419:
554:Pontifical Academy of Sciences
13:
1:
10754:University of Virginia alumni
10321:Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker
6705:
5498:Behavioral and social science
5444:indicate acting officeholders
5079:National Institutes of Health
4396:Global Health Care Initiative
3973:. Celia Hooper. Jan/Feb 1998.
2994:"Collins Will Stay On at NIH"
2703:National Institutes of Health
1606:tribunedigital-chicagotribune
1544:
1329:, which he preferred to call
1232:Presidential Medal of Freedom
1222:In 2005 Collins received the
1165:, Collins was elected to the
1136:Southern Methodist University
1029:Precision Medicine Initiative
884:National Institutes of Health
732:appointed Collins to succeed
515:Presidential Medal of Freedom
505:. He has been elected to the
488:National Institutes of Health
385:National Institutes of Health
5219:Center for Scientific Review
5198:National Library of Medicine
4748:ilisbaani (April 23, 2011).
4245:U.S. News & World Report
2903:U.S. News & World Report
2555:U.S. News & World Report
2367:10.1126/science.276.5311.404
2265:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90585-E
2065:10.1016/0959-437X(95)80042-5
1217:Center for Public Leadership
1212:U.S. News & World Report
1203:Chemical Heritage Foundation
1191:Biotechnology Heritage Award
1171:National Academy of Sciences
1016:, in collaboration with the
951:Great Barrington Declaration
783:International HapMap Project
511:National Academy of Sciences
7:
10644:American critics of atheism
5118:National Institute on Aging
4061:"Sound Health Announcement"
4025:"Rock S.O.S. program, 2009"
1565:September 21, 2012, at the
1527:
1440:
1254:Albany Medical Center Prize
1215:and the Harvard University
1018:Wuhan Institute of Virology
976:
931:On June 6, 2017, President
828:Nomination and confirmation
723:
10:
10785:
10624:American physical chemists
10388:Pandurang Shastri Athavale
8386:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
4705:September 2, 2009, at the
2570:"Faithful to God, Science"
2548:November 30, 2007, at the
2387:Science 261 (5124): 1041–4
1489:, published in early 2010)
1179:Kilby International Awards
840:after swearing-in ceremony
781:of the human genome. This
455:Recorded September 9, 2020
29:
10551:
10480:
10409:
10334:
10259:
10206:
10200:Templeton Prize laureates
10105:
10093:
9837:
9624:
9613:
9299:Antonio González González
9277:Luis Antonio Santaló Sors
9259:
9248:
9148:
8997:
8846:
8667:
8473:
8321:
8317:
8306:
8240:
8142:
8031:
7942:
7863:
7791:
7787:
7776:
7733:
7642:
7534:
7425:
7361:William Hayward Pickering
7306:
7201:
7197:
7186:
7112:
7004:
6858:
6734:
6715:
6711:
6700:
6611:
6420:
6234:
6052:
5908:
5771:
5767:
5756:
5713:
5654:
5566:
5526:
5507:
5503:
5492:
5439:
5381:
5283:
5252:
5206:
5098:National Cancer Institute
5090:
5035:
5024:
5016:
5011:
4999:
4990:
4980:
4970:
4960:
4952:
4947:
4859:. John Carey. May 9, 2005
4299:February 8, 2012, at the
4250:January 23, 2008, at the
4230:October 13, 2006, at the
4180:Science History Institute
3505:"NIH-Wide Strategic Plan"
3229:10.1109/mpul.2017.2750839
3129:President-Elect Joe Biden
2768:"Principal Investigators"
1629:. The Biologos Foundation
1445:In a 1998 interview with
1428:in February 2007, writer
1236:National Medal of Science
1185:in 1994. He received the
1118:led by cancer researcher
940:gain of function research
882:, the former head of the
593:Robert E. Lee High School
552:appointed Collins to the
519:National Medal of Science
464:
429:
425:
421:
411:
393:
367:
357:
350:
346:
309:
301:
293:
266:
261:
257:
244:
231:
217:
206:
198:
185:
172:
162:
144:
133:
125:
113:
101:
91:
80:
71:
64:
60:
48:
41:
10729:Scientists from Virginia
10609:21st-century Protestants
10226:Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
9660:Scientific Collaboration
9365:Manuel Losada Villasante
9341:Francisco Bolívar Zapata
8810:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
8256:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
5887:Burrhus Frederic Skinner
5416:NIH Public Access Policy
2850:10.1126/science.325_250a
2604:Lennox, John C. (2009).
2474:"IHG Sequencing Centers"
1454:
1271:
1260:In 2020 he received the
1116:Johns Hopkins University
1094:
575:Early life and education
9751:Everett Peter Greenberg
9403:Enrique Moreno González
9347:Federico García Moliner
8121:Cathleen Synge Morawetz
6039:George Ledyard Stebbins
5960:James Augustine Shannon
5328:James Augustine Shannon
5239:Vaccine Research Center
4907:The BioLogos Foundation
3606:10.1001/jama.2016.14668
3096:The Wall Street Journal
2223:10.1126/science.2772644
2118:10.1126/science.2997931
1888:10.1073/pnas.81.21.6812
1379:Collins is a critic of
1315:Young Earth creationism
956:The Wall Street Journal
872:chief executive officer
538:The BioLogos Foundation
513:, and has received the
471:Francis Sellers Collins
436:Francis Collins's voice
271:Francis Sellers Collins
55:Official portrait, 2017
10734:Theistic evolutionists
10639:Critics of New Atheism
10285:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
9630:Emmanuelle Charpentier
9289:David Vázquez Martínez
9283:Antonio Garcia-Bellido
8578:Joseph O. Hirschfelder
8565:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
7521:Harry George Drickamer
7467:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
7141:M. Frederick Hawthorne
7015:John D. Baldeschwieler
6255:Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
5937:Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
5323:William H. Sebrell, Jr
5103:National Eye Institute
4899:Quotations related to
4516:. Simon and Schuster.
3818:10.1001/jama.2023.3942
2610:. Lion Books. p.
1075:Acting science advisor
841:
680:University of Michigan
632:degree there in 1977.
598:University of Virginia
503:University of Michigan
375:University of Michigan
314:University of Virginia
251:Alan Edward Guttmacher
10536:Abdullah II of Jordan
9984:Raymond Pierrehumbert
9559:Arturo Álvarez-Buylla
9169:Sylvester James Gates
8555:William Alfred Fowler
8537:Robert Rathbun Wilson
8350:Robert Burns Woodward
7162:Geraldine L. Richmond
6910:Howard E. Simmons Jr.
6193:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
6122:Vernon B. Mountcastle
5978:Sterling B. Hendricks
5795:Marshall W. Nirenberg
5790:Theodosius Dobzhansky
5638:William Julius Wilson
5343:Donald S. Fredrickson
5265:Visible Human Project
4032:www.geoffreybeene.com
3965:July 3, 2009, at the
3098:. December 21, 2021.
2679:on September 10, 2011
2543:The Blueprint of Life
2244:MacDonald, M (1993).
1523:, September 17, 2024)
1424:In an interview with
1327:evolutionary creation
1252:Collins received the
1241:In 2008, Collins and
1173:. He was awarded the
1167:Institute of Medicine
1153:and other disorders.
920:, participating in a
906:personalized medicine
835:
507:Institute of Medicine
10714:Physician-scientists
10619:American geneticists
10267:Ralph Wendell Burhoe
9521:George M. Whitesides
9140:Warren M. Washington
9104:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
9013:Jeremiah P. Ostriker
8958:Martin Schwarzschild
8739:Solomon J. Buchsbaum
8731:J. Robert Schrieffer
8701:E. Margaret Burbidge
8545:Nicolaas Bloembergen
8522:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
8401:Vladimir K. Zworykin
8153:John Griggs Thompson
8076:Martin David Kruskal
7916:Kurt Otto Friedrichs
7389:Erwin Wilhelm Müller
7343:Ralph Brazelton Peck
7298:Jack St. Clair Kilby
7225:John Robinson Pierce
7192:Engineering sciences
7123:Jacqueline K. Barton
6978:George M. Whitesides
6897:Dudley R. Herschbach
6835:Richard B. Bernstein
6804:Walter H. Stockmayer
6352:Elizabeth F. Neufeld
6283:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
6173:Stanley Norman Cohen
6160:Rita Levi-Montalcini
5996:Keith Roberts Porter
5859:Alfred H. Sturtevant
5854:Michael Heidelberger
5826:Fritz Albert Lipmann
4891:at Wikimedia Commons
4764:– via YouTube.
4729:on November 28, 2015
4548:on November 10, 2016
4349:on February 3, 2013.
3755:. September 17, 2018
3652:. September 14, 2016
3157:. September 18, 2015
2170:Pines, Maya (2008).
2139:Pines, Maya (2008).
1657:Catholic News Agency
1539:Science and religion
1513:; February 15, 2011)
1413:Christopher Hitchens
1264:, and was elected a
1064:Biden Administration
868:born-again Christian
849:on August 17, 2009.
746:Human Genome Project
706:Huntington's disease
610:Doctor of Philosophy
600:, where he earned a
579:Collins was born in
561:Cabinet of Joe Biden
484:Human Genome Project
238:Michael M. Gottesman
199:2nd Director of the
10669:Medical geneticists
10352:Immanuel Jakobovits
9876:William C. Campbell
9765:Jeffrey M. Friedman
9593:Avelino Corma Canós
9389:Emilio Méndez Pérez
9190:Shirley Ann Jackson
9109:Charles P. Slichter
8953:Marshall Rosenbluth
8945:Wallace S. Broecker
8898:Eugene M. Shoemaker
8659:Victor F. Weisskopf
8606:Herbert S. Gutowsky
8588:Edgar Bright Wilson
8429:George Kistiakowsky
8047:Stephen Cole Kleene
7558:George H. Heilmeier
7545:Mildred Dresselhaus
7436:Edward H. Heinemann
7366:Frederick E. Terman
7330:Richard T. Whitcomb
7251:Clarence L. Johnson
7212:Theodore von Kármán
7099:Stephen J. Benkovic
7078:Mostafa A. El-Sayed
7065:Marvin H. Caruthers
7020:Ralph F. Hirschmann
6960:Darleane C. Hoffman
6850:Harden M. McConnell
6791:Frank H. Westheimer
6603:Stanley B. Prusiner
6567:Robert J. Lefkowitz
6326:Howard Martin Temin
6183:Maurice R. Hilleman
6178:Joseph L. Goldstein
6117:Donald A. Henderson
6034:Earl Reece Stadtman
6019:Elizabeth C. Crosby
5983:Orville Alvin Vogel
5813:Donald D. Van Slyke
5762:Biological sciences
5348:James B. Wyngaarden
4948:Government offices
4816:Scientific American
4593:(August 31, 2007).
4133:www.achievement.org
3922:. February 16, 2022
3314:2014Natur.505..612C
2503:www.achievement.org
2424:10.1038/nature01629
2416:2003Natur.423..293E
2329:Fauci; et al.
2215:1989Sci...245..923M
2100:1985Sci...230.1054T
2094:(4729): 1054–1057.
2053:Curr Opin Genet Dev
1879:1984PNAS...81.6812C
1755:Google Book Search
1521:Hachette Book Group
1448:Scientific American
1426:National Geographic
1394:BioLogos Foundation
1224:William Allan Award
1057:Oversight Committee
991:Alzheimer's disease
736:as director of the
678:Collins joined the
602:Bachelor of Science
480:physician-scientist
10724:Protestant writers
10488:Francisco J. Ayala
10471:Bernard d'Espagnat
10441:George F. R. Ellis
10435:Holmes Rolston III
10244:Thomas F. Torrance
10148:Ramamoorthy Ramesh
9979:Oliver L. Phillips
9911:François Guillemot
9855:Malcolm J. Bennett
9563:Giacomo Rizzolatti
9493:Juan Ignacio Cirac
9293:Emilio Rosenblueth
9062:G. Brent Dalrymple
8880:Arthur L. Schawlow
8787:James A. Van Allen
8678:Philip W. Anderson
8634:Richard P. Feynman
8560:Linus Carl Pauling
8195:Dennis P. Sullivan
7752:John B. Goodenough
7685:Edwin N. Lightfoot
7653:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
7634:Kenneth N. Stevens
7402:Raymond D. Mindlin
7325:Harold E. Edgerton
7170:A. Paul Alivisatos
7049:Stephen J. Lippard
7028:Ernest R. Davidson
6965:Harold S. Johnston
6799:William S. Johnson
6763:George C. Pimentel
6598:Susan L. Lindquist
6580:Francis S. Collins
6474:Victor A. McKusick
6449:Francisco J. Ayala
6431:Nancy C. Andreasen
6381:Robert A. Weinberg
6155:Har Gobind Khorana
6140:Michael E. DeBakey
6127:George Emil Palade
6099:Wendell L. Roelofs
6089:Howard L. Bachrach
5919:Barbara McClintock
5821:Edward F. Knipling
5373:Monica Bertagnolli
5012:Political offices
4867:Newsletter of the
4680:The New York Times
4542:The Colbert Report
4443:templetonprize.org
4417:"Prize Recipients"
3887:The New York Times
3853:The New York Times
3539:. February 1, 2016
3437:. January 30, 2015
3415:The New York Times
3177:Sarrao, John Louis
3131:. January 15, 2021
2972:The Colbert Report
2948:. November 3, 2011
2921:The New York Times
2731:The New York Times
2568:Simon, Stephanie.
1921:Leon. E. Rosenberg
1517:The Road to Wisdom
1511:InterVarsity Press
1381:intelligent design
1336:The Colbert Report
1323:theistic evolution
1319:intelligent design
1197:in 2001, from the
1177:in 1990. He was a
1161:While leading the
1099:Collins's love of
1010:EcoHealth Alliance
918:The Colbert Report
914:The New Republic's
910:stem cell research
901:The Colbert Report
892:The New York Times
842:
716:, inv(16) AML and
684:positional cloning
672:chromosome walking
666:chromosome jumping
630:Doctor of Medicine
614:physical chemistry
581:Staunton, Virginia
492:Bethesda, Maryland
362:Molecular genetics
287:Staunton, Virginia
179:Raynard S. Kington
18:Francis S. Collins
10769:Science activists
10586:
10585:
10447:Charles H. Townes
10429:John Polkinghorne
10394:Sigmund Sternberg
10291:Michael Bourdeaux
10232:Leo Josef Suenens
10166:
10165:
10143:Margaret Kivelson
9944:Alexander Makarov
9930:Andrew P. Jackson
9789:
9788:
9785:
9784:
9761:Daniel J. Drucker
9747:Jeffrey I. Gordon
9685:Ingrid Daubechies
9675:Sandra Myrna Díaz
9609:
9608:
9573:Richard A. Lerner
9535:Raymond Tomlinson
9331:Santiago Grisolía
9239:Laureates of the
9206:
9205:
9202:
9201:
9198:
9197:
9135:Esther M. Conwell
9075:Robert N. Clayton
9067:Riccardo Giacconi
9031:Raymond Davis Jr.
8919:Albert Overhauser
8862:Edwin M. McMillan
8823:Arnold O. Beckman
8800:Paul Ching-Wu Chu
8777:Paul C. Lauterbur
8754:Robert Hofstadter
8706:Maurice Goldhaber
8693:Charles H. Townes
8644:Edward M. Purcell
8611:Frederick Rossini
8465:Wolfgang Panofsky
8396:John H. Van Vleck
8312:Physical sciences
8302:
8301:
8298:
8297:
8264:Solomon W. Golomb
8224:Andrew J. Viterbi
8219:Leonard Kleinrock
8166:Calyampudi R. Rao
8134:Ronald R. Coifman
8042:George F. Carrier
8023:Donald C. Spencer
8018:Saunders Mac Lane
7953:Marshall H. Stone
7903:Shiing-Shen Chern
7810:Solomon Lefschetz
7772:
7771:
7768:
7767:
7709:David J. Wineland
7677:John M. Prausnitz
7618:C. Kumar N. Patel
7613:James L. Flanagan
7581:John Roy Whinnery
7568:H. Guyford Stever
7550:Nick Holonyak Jr.
7513:George W. Housner
7508:Willis M. Hawkins
7503:Daniel C. Drucker
7485:Robert Byron Bird
7477:Bernard M. Oliver
7384:Peter C. Goldmark
7371:Wernher von Braun
7317:George E. Mueller
7290:Nathan M. Newmark
7285:J. Presper Eckert
7264:Claude E. Shannon
7233:Charles S. Draper
7182:
7181:
7178:
7177:
7149:Judith P. Klinman
7033:Gábor A. Somorjai
6944:Isabella L. Karle
6931:George S. Hammond
6892:Gertrude B. Elion
6845:Rudolph A. Marcus
6696:
6695:
6692:
6691:
6622:Ralph L. Brinster
6541:Torsten N. Wiesel
6518:Norman E. Borlaug
6505:Solomon H. Snyder
6500:J. Michael Bishop
6459:Mario R. Capecchi
6339:Salome G. Waelsch
6270:E. Donnall Thomas
6145:Theodor O. Diener
6044:Paul Alfred Weiss
5872:Bernard B. Brodie
5808:George G. Simpson
5752:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5697:Michael I. Posner
5598:Eleanor J. Gibson
5550:George J. Stigler
5518:Neal Elgar Miller
5449:
5448:
5333:Robert Q. Marston
5313:Lewis R. Thompson
5298:Milton J. Rosenau
5293:Joseph J. Kinyoun
5045:
5044:
5036:Succeeded by
5003:Lawrence A. Tabak
5000:Succeeded by
4971:Succeeded by
4887:Media related to
4576:. March 29, 2007.
4538:"Francis Collins"
4465:"Francis Collins"
4361:"FASEB > Home"
4151:"Past Recipients"
3989:Los Angeles Times
3812:(15): 1246–1247.
3600:(13): 1353–1354.
3549:National Archives
3511:. October 6, 2015
3447:National Archives
3365:(7500): 282–283.
3277:on March 26, 2013
2974:. October 1, 2009
2968:"Francis Collins"
2823:National Archives
2575:Los Angeles Times
2315:978-0-7817-9516-6
2182:on March 17, 2018
2151:on March 17, 2018
1989:on April 25, 2012
1687:. October 4, 2021
1306:In his 2006 book
1292:Mere Christianity
1157:Awards and honors
847:Kathleen Sebelius
838:Kathleen Sebelius
710:neurofibromatosis
655:Genetics research
585:Shenandoah Valley
550:Pope Benedict XVI
468:
467:
445:
352:Scientific career
192:Lawrence A. Tabak
167:Lawrence A. Tabak
16:(Redirected from
10776:
10577:Edna Adan Ismail
10193:
10186:
10179:
10170:
10169:
10133:Else Marie Friis
10062:Richard Thompson
10052:Andrew M. Stuart
10047:Donna Strickland
10013:Michael Rudnicki
9901:Adam Eyre-Walker
9891:Vikram Deshpande
9816:
9809:
9802:
9793:
9792:
9615:
9614:
9583:François Englert
9441:Lawrence Roberts
9435:Jean Weissenbach
9359:Manuel Patarroyo
9335:Salvador Moncada
9319:Marcos Moshinsky
9271:Manuel Ballester
9250:
9249:
9233:
9226:
9219:
9210:
9209:
9018:Gilbert F. White
8963:George Wetherill
8857:Allan M. Cormack
8815:Jack Steinberger
8795:D. Allan Bromley
8744:H. Richard Crane
8721:Frederick Reines
8711:Helmut Landsberg
8626:George Uhlenbeck
8527:Vladimir Haensel
8489:Allan R. Sandage
8460:Herbert C. Brown
8442:Herbert Friedman
8368:Leon M. Lederman
8340:Julian Schwinger
8319:
8318:
8308:
8307:
8277:Alexandre Chorin
8251:Richard A. Tapia
8232:David B. Mumford
8060:Alberto Calderón
8005:Joseph B. Keller
7992:Michael Freedman
7961:Herman Goldstine
7815:H. Marston Morse
7789:
7788:
7778:
7777:
7717:Rudolf E. Kálmán
7701:Robert S. Langer
7693:Jan D. Achenbach
7526:Herbert E. Grier
7277:Igor I. Sikorsky
7238:Othmar H. Ammann
7199:
7198:
7188:
7187:
7154:Jerrold Meinwald
6923:Norman Hackerman
6902:Glenn T. Seaborg
6817:William O. Baker
6745:F. Albert Cotton
6713:
6712:
6702:
6701:
6679:Mary-Claire King
6572:Bert W. O'Malley
6528:Thomas E. Starzl
6523:Phillip A. Sharp
6510:Charles Yanofsky
6492:Evelyn M. Witkin
6487:James E. Darnell
6313:Paul C. Zamecnik
6278:Mary Ellen Avery
6250:Herbert W. Boyer
6245:Baruj Benacerraf
6216:Joshua Lederberg
6206:Viktor Hamburger
6168:Michael S. Brown
6014:Robert H. Burris
5769:
5768:
5758:
5757:
5705:Mortimer Mishkin
5630:William K. Estes
5614:Roger N. Shepard
5606:Robert K. Merton
5590:George A. Miller
5537:Herbert A. Simon
5505:
5504:
5494:
5493:
5476:
5469:
5462:
5453:
5452:
5358:Harold E. Varmus
5303:John F. Anderson
5275:BRAIN Initiative
5071:
5064:
5057:
5048:
5047:
5017:Preceded by
4981:Preceded by
4962:Director of the
4953:Preceded by
4945:
4944:
4941:
4898:
4886:
4841:
4840:
4810:
4804:
4798:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4772:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4745:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4725:. Archived from
4715:
4709:
4700:BioLogos website
4697:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4686:
4671:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4660:
4646:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4609:
4603:Point of Inquiry
4587:
4578:
4577:
4564:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4553:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4509:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4472:
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4435:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4413:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4387:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4371:on July 30, 2019
4367:. Archived from
4357:
4351:
4350:
4345:. Archived from
4334:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4323:
4309:
4303:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4271:. Archived from
4261:
4255:
4241:
4235:
4221:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4198:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4187:
4172:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4161:
4147:
4141:
4140:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4099:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4088:
4074:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4057:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4046:
4040:
4034:. Archived from
4029:
4021:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4010:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3980:
3974:
3971:The NIH Catalyst
3956:
3950:
3943:. Chris Wilson.
3938:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3844:
3838:
3837:
3797:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3786:
3771:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3745:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3734:
3719:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3693:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3668:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3625:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3574:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3546:
3544:
3527:
3521:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3501:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3444:
3442:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3406:
3393:
3392:
3382:
3350:
3344:
3343:
3333:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3273:. Archived from
3263:
3257:
3256:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3088:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3040:The Boston Globe
3031:
3025:
3024:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
2998:Inside Higher Ed
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2946:The New Republic
2938:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2912:
2906:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2871:
2862:
2861:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2820:
2818:
2801:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2764:
2758:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2669:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2650:on March 7, 2021
2636:
2630:
2629:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2587:
2578:. Archived from
2565:
2559:
2541:Jamie Shreeve, "
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2445:
2435:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2276:
2250:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2111:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2022:10.1038/ng0492-3
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1988:
1981:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1956:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1900:
1890:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1814:. March 25, 2019
1804:
1798:
1797:
1779:
1769:
1763:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1677:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1636:
1634:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1582:Sellers, Stead.
1579:
1570:
1557:
1499:, March 2, 2010)
1407:existence of God
1374:Episcopal church
1352:Point of Inquiry
1141:His passion for
926:We'll Meet Again
661:Sherman Weissman
477:
452:COVID-19 vaccine
447:
446:
413:Doctoral advisor
407:
284:
280:
278:
262:Personal details
247:
234:
211:
188:
175:
138:
116:
104:
85:
53:
39:
38:
21:
10784:
10783:
10779:
10778:
10777:
10775:
10774:
10773:
10589:
10588:
10587:
10582:
10559:Francis Collins
10547:
10542:Marcelo Gleiser
10530:Alvin Plantinga
10500:14th Dalai Lama
10476:
10423:Arthur Peacocke
10405:
10330:
10303:James I. McCord
10273:Cicely Saunders
10255:
10202:
10197:
10167:
10162:
10153:Wendelin Werner
10118:Francis Collins
10101:
10089:
10072:Nicholas Turner
10057:Sarah Teichmann
10017:William Schafer
9926:Ehud Hrushovski
9886:G. Marius Clore
9863:Zulfiqar Bhutta
9845:Timothy Behrens
9833:
9820:
9790:
9781:
9777:Svetlana Mojsov
9773:Jens Juul Holst
9769:Joel F. Habener
9729:Geoffrey Hinton
9693:Emmanuel Candès
9654:Barry C. Barish
9634:Jennifer Doudna
9620:
9605:
9601:Galen D. Stucky
9487:Antonio Damasio
9481:Robert Weinberg
9477:Bert Vogelstein
9453:Tim Berners-Lee
9427:Francis Collins
9376:Valentín Fuster
9255:
9244:
9237:
9207:
9194:
9182:Sean C. Solomon
9144:
9096:Daniel Kleppner
9088:Lonnie Thompson
9083:Ralph A. Alpher
9049:W. Jason Morgan
9036:Charles Keeling
9026:Marvin L. Cohen
8993:
8976:John N. Bahcall
8971:Don L. Anderson
8937:Peter Goldreich
8890:Steven Weinberg
8842:
8772:Walter Elsasser
8749:Herman Feshbach
8663:
8601:Samuel Goudsmit
8593:Chien-Shiung Wu
8532:Frederick Seitz
8499:John A. Wheeler
8484:Robert H. Dicke
8469:
8332:Luis W. Alvarez
8313:
8294:
8282:David Blackwell
8236:
8187:Carl R. de Boor
8158:Karen Uhlenbeck
8138:
8092:Louis Nirenberg
8027:
8000:Ralph E. Gomory
7938:
7934:Donald E. Knuth
7921:Hassler Whitney
7859:
7783:
7764:
7729:
7661:Andreas Acrivos
7638:
7626:Eli Ruckenstein
7605:Hermann A. Haus
7576:Calvin F. Quate
7563:Luna B. Leopold
7530:
7421:
7407:Robert N. Noyce
7397:Emmett N. Leith
7356:Manson Benedict
7338:Rudolf Kompfner
7302:
7256:Warren K. Lewis
7193:
7174:
7108:
7070:Peter B. Dervan
7041:John I. Brauman
7000:
6952:Norman Davidson
6879:John D. Roberts
6854:
6822:Konrad E. Bloch
6768:Richard N. Zare
6730:
6707:
6688:
6645:Sallie Chisholm
6627:Rudolf Jaenisch
6607:
6590:J. Craig Venter
6549:Rita R. Colwell
6416:
6402:David Baltimore
6293:Robert W. Kates
6265:David G. Nathan
6260:Edward B. Lewis
6230:
6226:Harland G. Wood
6221:Roger W. Sperry
6076:Glenn W. Burton
6048:
6024:Arthur Kornberg
5991:Roger Guillemin
5968:Hallowell Davis
5932:Daniel I. Arnon
5924:Albert B. Sabin
5904:
5877:Detlev W. Bronk
5849:Harry F. Harlow
5844:Kenneth S. Cole
5831:William C. Rose
5803:Francis P. Rous
5763:
5744:
5709:
5689:Gordon H. Bower
5650:
5646:Robert M. Solow
5562:
5558:Milton Friedman
5522:
5499:
5488:
5480:
5450:
5445:
5435:
5377:
5368:Francis Collins
5353:Bernadine Healy
5308:George W. McCoy
5279:
5248:
5202:
5086:
5075:
5041:
5039:Arati Prabhakar
5032:
5029:
5022:
5007:
5005:
4996:
4988:
4986:
4984:Raynard Kington
4976:
4967:
4958:
4956:James D. Watson
4931:Francis Collins
4901:Francis Collins
4889:Francis Collins
4879:
4849:
4847:Further reading
4844:
4811:
4807:
4799:
4795:
4785:
4783:
4773:
4769:
4759:
4757:
4746:
4742:
4732:
4730:
4717:
4716:
4712:
4707:Wayback Machine
4698:
4694:
4684:
4682:
4672:
4668:
4658:
4656:
4648:
4647:
4643:
4633:
4631:
4630:. July 21, 2006
4622:
4621:
4617:
4607:
4605:
4588:
4581:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4551:
4549:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4524:
4510:
4506:
4496:
4494:
4484:
4480:
4470:
4468:
4467:. Royal Society
4463:
4462:
4458:
4448:
4446:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4422:
4420:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4400:
4398:
4388:
4384:
4374:
4372:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4335:
4331:
4321:
4319:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4301:Wayback Machine
4292:
4288:
4278:
4276:
4275:on May 28, 2010
4263:
4262:
4258:
4252:Wayback Machine
4242:
4238:
4232:Wayback Machine
4222:
4218:
4208:
4206:
4199:
4195:
4185:
4183:
4174:
4173:
4169:
4159:
4157:
4149:
4148:
4144:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4112:
4110:
4100:
4096:
4086:
4084:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4063:
4059:
4058:
4054:
4044:
4042:
4041:on May 21, 2014
4038:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4008:
4006:
4000:
3996:
3981:
3977:
3967:Wayback Machine
3957:
3953:
3939:
3935:
3925:
3923:
3920:The White House
3914:
3913:
3909:
3899:
3897:
3879:
3875:
3865:
3863:
3845:
3841:
3798:
3794:
3784:
3782:
3781:. March 9, 2023
3773:
3772:
3768:
3758:
3756:
3747:
3746:
3742:
3732:
3730:
3729:. April 3, 2018
3721:
3720:
3716:
3706:
3704:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3680:
3678:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3655:
3653:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3586:
3582:
3572:
3570:
3569:. April 4, 2016
3561:
3560:
3556:
3542:
3540:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3514:
3512:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3488:
3486:
3485:. July 28, 2015
3477:
3476:
3472:
3465:allofus.nih.gov
3459:
3458:
3454:
3440:
3438:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3407:
3396:
3371:10.1038/509282a
3351:
3347:
3322:10.1038/505612a
3308:(7485): 612–3.
3294:
3290:
3280:
3278:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3212:
3208:
3185:10.2172/1440505
3174:
3170:
3160:
3158:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3134:
3132:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3106:
3090:
3089:
3082:
3072:
3070:
3058:
3054:
3044:
3042:
3032:
3028:
3017:
3013:
3003:
3001:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2977:
2975:
2966:
2965:
2961:
2951:
2949:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2925:
2923:
2913:
2909:
2898:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2879:Washington Post
2873:
2872:
2865:
2844:(5938): 250–1.
2834:
2830:
2816:
2814:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2790:
2786:
2776:
2774:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2750:
2746:
2736:
2734:
2722:
2718:
2708:
2706:
2705:. June 13, 2016
2697:
2696:
2692:
2682:
2680:
2671:
2670:
2663:
2653:
2651:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2622:
2602:
2598:
2585:
2583:
2566:
2562:
2550:Wayback Machine
2540:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2518:
2514:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2480:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2410:(6937): 293–8.
2395:
2391:
2386:
2382:
2361:(5311): 404–7.
2342:
2338:
2327:
2323:
2316:
2302:
2298:
2248:
2242:
2238:
2209:(4921): 923–5.
2199:
2195:
2185:
2183:
2168:
2164:
2154:
2152:
2137:
2133:
2109:10.1.1.390.9197
2084:
2080:
2049:
2045:
2010:Nature Genetics
2006:
2002:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1918:
1914:
1855:
1851:
1841:
1839:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1817:
1815:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1782:Yale University
1770:
1766:
1754:
1750:
1740:
1738:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1718:
1716:
1715:. April 7, 2022
1705:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1679:
1678:
1671:
1661:
1659:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1632:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1610:
1608:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1588:Washington Post
1580:
1573:
1567:Wayback Machine
1558:
1551:
1547:
1530:
1457:
1443:
1422:
1279:
1274:
1262:Templeton Prize
1243:Steven Weinberg
1207:A&E Network
1195:J. Craig Venter
1159:
1120:Bert Vogelstein
1097:
1077:
979:
961:editorial board
880:Bernadine Healy
863:Washington Post
830:
825:
803:Henrietta Lacks
791:type 2 diabetes
764:James D. Watson
740:, which became
734:James D. Watson
730:Bernadine Healy
726:
691:cystic fibrosis
657:
618:Yale University
577:
473:
460:
459:
458:
457:
456:
454:
448:
441:
438:
405:
389:
334:
323:Yale University
321:
285:
282:
276:
274:
273:
272:
245:
232:
224:
212:
207:
186:
173:
155:
151:
139:
134:
120:Arati Prabhakar
114:
102:
86:
81:
76:
56:
44:
43:Francis Collins
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10782:
10772:
10771:
10766:
10761:
10756:
10751:
10746:
10741:
10736:
10731:
10726:
10721:
10716:
10711:
10706:
10701:
10696:
10691:
10686:
10681:
10676:
10671:
10666:
10661:
10656:
10651:
10646:
10641:
10636:
10631:
10626:
10621:
10616:
10611:
10606:
10601:
10584:
10583:
10581:
10580:
10574:
10568:
10562:
10555:
10553:
10549:
10548:
10546:
10545:
10539:
10533:
10527:
10524:Jonathan Sacks
10521:
10515:
10509:
10503:
10497:
10491:
10484:
10482:
10478:
10477:
10475:
10474:
10468:
10462:
10459:Charles Taylor
10456:
10453:John D. Barrow
10450:
10444:
10438:
10432:
10426:
10420:
10413:
10411:
10407:
10406:
10404:
10403:
10397:
10391:
10385:
10379:
10373:
10367:
10364:Charles Colson
10361:
10358:Kyung-Chik Han
10355:
10349:
10338:
10336:
10332:
10331:
10329:
10328:
10325:George MacLeod
10318:
10315:Inamullah Khan
10312:
10306:
10300:
10294:
10288:
10282:
10276:
10270:
10263:
10261:
10257:
10256:
10254:
10253:
10247:
10241:
10235:
10229:
10223:
10217:
10210:
10208:
10204:
10203:
10196:
10195:
10188:
10181:
10173:
10164:
10163:
10161:
10160:
10155:
10150:
10145:
10140:
10138:Regine Kahmann
10135:
10130:
10125:
10120:
10115:
10113:Frances Arnold
10109:
10107:
10103:
10102:
10097:
10095:
10091:
10090:
10088:
10087:
10082:
10081:Alan M. Wilson
10079:
10074:
10069:
10064:
10059:
10054:
10049:
10044:
10039:
10034:
10032:Stephen Smartt
10029:
10024:
10022:Nigel Scrutton
10019:
10014:
10011:
10006:
10001:
9996:
9991:
9986:
9981:
9976:
9971:
9966:
9961:
9956:
9954:Iain McCulloch
9951:
9949:Keith Matthews
9946:
9941:
9936:
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5782:C. B. van Niel
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5740:Albert Bandura
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5673:R. Duncan Luce
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5582:Patrick Suppes
5579:
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5363:Elias Zerhouni
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4877:External links
4875:
4874:
4873:
4872:. Jul/Aug 2009
4860:
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4488:"The believer"
4478:
4456:
4445:. May 20, 2020
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4286:
4265:"NIH Record –
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4236:
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4193:
4182:. May 31, 2016
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4142:
4120:
4108:Then & Now
4094:
4078:"Sound Health"
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3994:
3975:
3951:
3949:. July 9, 2009
3933:
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3703:. June 8, 2017
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3676:grants.nih.gov
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3536:whitehouse.gov
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3271:June 22, 2012"
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3000:. June 7, 2017
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2881:. July 8, 2009
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2813:. July 8, 2009
2810:whitehouse.gov
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2582:on May 3, 2014
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2347:Boguski, M. S.
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2059:(3): 298–303.
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1933:Am J Hum Genet
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10732:
10730:
10727:
10725:
10722:
10720:
10717:
10715:
10712:
10710:
10707:
10705:
10702:
10700:
10697:
10695:
10692:
10690:
10687:
10685:
10682:
10680:
10677:
10675:
10672:
10670:
10667:
10665:
10662:
10660:
10657:
10655:
10652:
10650:
10647:
10645:
10642:
10640:
10637:
10635:
10632:
10630:
10627:
10625:
10622:
10620:
10617:
10615:
10612:
10610:
10607:
10605:
10604:Living people
10602:
10600:
10597:
10596:
10594:
10578:
10575:
10572:
10571:Frank Wilczek
10569:
10566:
10563:
10560:
10557:
10556:
10554:
10550:
10543:
10540:
10537:
10534:
10531:
10528:
10525:
10522:
10519:
10516:
10513:
10510:
10507:
10504:
10501:
10498:
10495:
10492:
10489:
10486:
10485:
10483:
10479:
10472:
10469:
10466:
10465:Michał Heller
10463:
10460:
10457:
10454:
10451:
10448:
10445:
10442:
10439:
10436:
10433:
10430:
10427:
10424:
10421:
10418:
10417:Freeman Dyson
10415:
10414:
10412:
10408:
10401:
10398:
10395:
10392:
10389:
10386:
10383:
10380:
10377:
10374:
10371:
10370:Michael Novak
10368:
10365:
10362:
10359:
10356:
10353:
10350:
10347:
10346:Charles Birch
10343:
10340:
10339:
10337:
10333:
10326:
10322:
10319:
10316:
10313:
10310:
10307:
10304:
10301:
10298:
10297:Alister Hardy
10295:
10292:
10289:
10286:
10283:
10280:
10277:
10274:
10271:
10268:
10265:
10264:
10262:
10258:
10251:
10250:Nikkyō Niwano
10248:
10245:
10242:
10239:
10238:Chiara Lubich
10236:
10233:
10230:
10227:
10224:
10221:
10220:Brother Roger
10218:
10215:
10214:Mother Teresa
10212:
10211:
10209:
10205:
10201:
10194:
10189:
10187:
10182:
10180:
10175:
10174:
10171:
10159:
10156:
10154:
10151:
10149:
10146:
10144:
10141:
10139:
10136:
10134:
10131:
10129:
10126:
10124:
10123:Kerry Emanuel
10121:
10119:
10116:
10114:
10111:
10110:
10108:
10104:
10100:
10099:David Cooksey
10096:
10092:
10086:
10083:
10080:
10078:
10077:Jane Visvader
10075:
10073:
10070:
10068:
10065:
10063:
10060:
10058:
10055:
10053:
10050:
10048:
10045:
10043:
10042:Molly Stevens
10040:
10038:
10035:
10033:
10030:
10028:
10025:
10023:
10020:
10018:
10015:
10012:
10010:
10009:Nicholas Read
10007:
10005:
10004:Didier Queloz
10002:
10000:
9997:
9995:
9992:
9990:
9987:
9985:
9982:
9980:
9977:
9975:
9972:
9970:
9969:Giles Oldroyd
9967:
9965:
9964:Peter Nellist
9962:
9960:
9957:
9955:
9952:
9950:
9947:
9945:
9942:
9940:
9937:
9935:
9932:
9929:
9927:
9924:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9882:
9881:Henry Chapman
9879:
9877:
9874:
9871:
9869:
9868:Kevin Brindle
9866:
9864:
9861:
9858:
9856:
9853:
9851:
9850:Yoshua Bengio
9848:
9846:
9843:
9842:
9840:
9836:
9832:
9828:
9827:Royal Society
9824:
9817:
9812:
9810:
9805:
9803:
9798:
9797:
9794:
9778:
9774:
9770:
9766:
9762:
9758:
9756:
9752:
9748:
9744:
9742:
9738:
9737:Yoshua Bengio
9734:
9730:
9726:
9724:
9723:Sarah Gilbert
9720:
9719:Derrick Rossi
9716:
9712:
9708:
9704:
9703:Drew Weissman
9700:
9696:
9694:
9690:
9686:
9682:
9678:
9676:
9672:
9668:
9666:
9662:
9659:
9655:
9651:
9650:Kip S. Thorne
9647:
9643:
9641:
9637:
9635:
9631:
9627:
9626:
9623:
9616:
9612:
9602:
9598:
9597:Mark E. Davis
9594:
9590:
9588:
9584:
9580:
9576:
9574:
9570:
9566:
9564:
9560:
9556:
9555:Joseph Altman
9552:
9550:
9549:Linda Watkins
9546:
9542:
9538:
9536:
9532:
9531:Martin Cooper
9528:
9526:
9522:
9518:
9517:Robert Langer
9514:
9510:
9506:
9504:
9500:
9496:
9494:
9490:
9488:
9484:
9482:
9478:
9474:
9473:Joan Massagué
9470:
9466:
9465:Judah Folkman
9462:
9460:
9456:
9454:
9450:
9446:
9442:
9438:
9436:
9432:
9428:
9424:
9420:
9416:
9414:
9410:
9406:
9404:
9400:
9396:
9394:
9390:
9386:
9384:research team
9383:
9379:
9377:
9373:
9371:of Costa Rica
9370:
9366:
9362:
9360:
9356:
9354:
9350:
9348:
9344:
9342:
9338:
9336:
9332:
9328:
9326:
9322:
9320:
9316:
9312:
9310:
9309:Pablo Rudomín
9306:
9302:
9300:
9296:
9294:
9290:
9286:
9284:
9280:
9278:
9274:
9272:
9268:
9266:
9262:
9261:
9258:
9251:
9247:
9242:
9234:
9229:
9227:
9222:
9220:
9215:
9214:
9211:
9191:
9188:
9185:
9183:
9180:
9178:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9154:
9153:
9151:
9147:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9125:
9123:
9122:James E. Gunn
9120:
9118:
9115:
9112:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9057:
9055:
9054:Edward Witten
9052:
9050:
9047:
9045:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9021:
9019:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9009:
9006:
9003:
9002:
9000:
8996:
8990:
8987:
8985:
8982:
8979:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8969:
8966:
8964:
8961:
8959:
8956:
8954:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8901:
8899:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8875:
8873:
8872:Roger Revelle
8870:
8868:
8865:
8863:
8860:
8858:
8855:
8852:
8851:
8849:
8845:
8839:
8838:Henry Stommel
8836:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8828:Eugene Parker
8826:
8824:
8821:
8818:
8816:
8813:
8811:
8808:
8806:
8803:
8801:
8798:
8796:
8793:
8790:
8788:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8778:
8775:
8773:
8770:
8768:
8765:
8762:
8760:
8757:
8755:
8752:
8750:
8747:
8745:
8742:
8740:
8737:
8734:
8732:
8729:
8727:
8724:
8722:
8719:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8707:
8704:
8702:
8699:
8696:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8688:Edward Teller
8686:
8684:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8673:
8672:
8670:
8666:
8660:
8657:
8655:
8654:Lyman Spitzer
8652:
8650:
8647:
8645:
8642:
8640:
8637:
8635:
8632:
8629:
8627:
8624:
8622:
8619:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8609:
8607:
8604:
8602:
8599:
8596:
8594:
8591:
8589:
8586:
8584:
8581:
8579:
8576:
8574:
8573:Hans A. Bethe
8571:
8568:
8566:
8563:
8561:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8517:Maurice Ewing
8515:
8513:
8512:Carl Djerassi
8510:
8507:
8505:
8504:Saul Winstein
8502:
8500:
8497:
8495:
8492:
8490:
8487:
8485:
8482:
8479:
8478:
8476:
8472:
8466:
8463:
8461:
8458:
8455:
8453:
8452:Eugene Wigner
8450:
8448:
8445:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8437:Paul Bartlett
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8424:Louis Hammett
8422:
8420:
8419:Gregory Breit
8417:
8415:
8414:Francis Birch
8412:
8410:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8376:
8374:
8373:William Rubey
8371:
8369:
8366:
8364:
8361:
8359:
8356:
8353:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8341:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8327:
8326:
8324:
8320:
8316:
8309:
8305:
8291:
8290:Michael Artin
8288:
8285:
8283:
8280:
8278:
8275:
8272:
8270:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8249:
8246:
8245:
8243:
8239:
8233:
8230:
8227:
8225:
8222:
8220:
8217:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8203:Bradley Efron
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8190:
8188:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8148:
8147:
8145:
8141:
8135:
8132:
8130:
8129:Felix Browder
8127:
8124:
8122:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8108:
8106:
8105:Stephen Smale
8103:
8101:
8098:
8095:
8093:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8079:
8077:
8074:
8071:
8069:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8052:John McCarthy
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8037:
8036:
8034:
8030:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8014:
8013:Samuel Karlin
8011:
8008:
8006:
8003:
8001:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7975:
7972:
7969:
7967:
7964:
7962:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7948:
7947:
7945:
7941:
7935:
7932:
7930:
7927:
7924:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7911:
7909:
7906:
7904:
7901:
7899:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7872:
7869:
7868:
7866:
7862:
7856:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7842:
7840:
7837:
7834:
7832:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7823:Oscar Zariski
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7797:
7796:
7794:
7790:
7786:
7779:
7775:
7761:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7747:
7745:
7742:
7739:
7738:
7736:
7732:
7726:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7648:
7647:
7645:
7641:
7635:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7597:Ray W. Clough
7595:
7592:
7590:
7589:Alfred Y. Cho
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7571:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7540:
7539:
7537:
7533:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7516:
7514:
7511:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7459:John G. Trump
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7431:
7430:
7428:
7424:
7418:
7415:
7413:
7410:
7408:
7405:
7403:
7400:
7398:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7364:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7312:
7311:
7309:
7305:
7299:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7272:Edwin H. Land
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7234:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7220:Vannevar Bush
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7207:
7206:
7204:
7200:
7196:
7189:
7185:
7171:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7136:Allen J. Bard
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7118:
7117:
7115:
7111:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7091:JoAnne Stubbe
7089:
7087:
7086:Joanna Fowler
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7023:
7021:
7018:
7016:
7013:
7010:
7009:
7007:
7003:
6997:
6996:Susan Solomon
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6934:
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6921:
6919:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
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6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6857:
6851:
6848:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6840:Melvin Calvin
6838:
6836:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6820:
6818:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6781:Yuan Tseh Lee
6779:
6777:
6776:Harry B. Gray
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6750:Gilbert Stork
6748:
6746:
6743:
6740:
6739:
6737:
6733:
6727:
6724:
6721:
6720:
6718:
6714:
6710:
6703:
6699:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6658:Bruce Alberts
6656:
6654:
6653:May Berenbaum
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6617:
6616:
6614:
6610:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6586:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6559:Lubert Stryer
6557:
6555:
6554:Nina Fedoroff
6552:
6550:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6536:Anthony Fauci
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6479:Harold Varmus
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6426:
6425:
6423:
6419:
6413:
6412:Lynn Margulis
6410:
6408:
6407:Jared Diamond
6405:
6403:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6347:Thomas Eisner
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6321:Maxine Singer
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6303:Paul A. Marks
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
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6251:
6248:
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6240:
6239:
6237:
6233:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
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6199:
6196:
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6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
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6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6112:Stanley Cohen
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6051:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
6001:Efraim Racker
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5955:James V. Neel
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5914:
5913:
5911:
5907:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5867:Horace Barker
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5836:Sewall Wright
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5777:
5776:
5774:
5770:
5766:
5759:
5755:
5741:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5724:Anne Treisman
5722:
5719:
5718:
5716:
5712:
5706:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5681:Kenneth Arrow
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5653:
5647:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5572:
5571:
5569:
5565:
5559:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5545:Anne Anastasi
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5532:
5531:
5529:
5525:
5519:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5506:
5502:
5495:
5491:
5487:
5484:
5477:
5472:
5470:
5465:
5463:
5458:
5457:
5454:
5443:
5438:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5391:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5380:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5286:
5282:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5255:
5251:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5205:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5089:
5084:
5080:
5072:
5067:
5065:
5060:
5058:
5053:
5052:
5049:
5040:
5031:
5028:
5021:
5015:
5010:
5004:
4995:
4994:
4985:
4979:
4975:
4974:Eric D. Green
4966:
4965:
4957:
4951:
4946:
4940:
4936:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4902:
4897:
4893:
4890:
4885:
4881:
4880:
4871:
4870:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4817:
4809:
4802:
4797:
4782:
4778:
4771:
4755:
4751:
4744:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4714:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4696:
4681:
4677:
4670:
4655:
4651:
4645:
4629:
4625:
4619:
4604:
4600:
4598:
4592:
4586:
4584:
4575:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4533:
4525:
4523:9781847396150
4519:
4515:
4508:
4493:
4489:
4482:
4471:September 19,
4466:
4460:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4418:
4412:
4397:
4393:
4386:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4356:
4348:
4344:
4343:The Battalion
4340:
4333:
4318:
4314:
4308:
4302:
4298:
4295:
4290:
4274:
4270:
4268:
4260:
4253:
4249:
4246:
4240:
4233:
4229:
4226:
4220:
4204:
4197:
4181:
4177:
4171:
4156:
4152:
4146:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4124:
4109:
4105:
4098:
4083:
4079:
4073:
4062:
4056:
4037:
4033:
4026:
4020:
4005:
3998:
3990:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3961:
3955:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3921:
3917:
3911:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3877:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3843:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3796:
3780:
3776:
3770:
3754:
3750:
3744:
3728:
3724:
3718:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3633:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3584:
3568:
3564:
3558:
3550:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3526:
3510:
3506:
3500:
3484:
3480:
3474:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3448:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3424:
3416:
3412:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3390:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3349:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3292:
3276:
3272:
3270:
3262:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3210:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3172:
3156:
3152:
3146:
3130:
3126:
3120:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3087:
3085:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3056:
3041:
3037:
3030:
3022:
3015:
2999:
2995:
2989:
2973:
2969:
2963:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2922:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2901:
2896:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2868:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2824:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2800:
2793:
2788:
2773:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2756:June 22, 2010
2755:
2748:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2720:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2678:
2674:
2668:
2666:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2628:
2623:
2621:9780745953717
2617:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2600:
2593:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2538:
2523:
2516:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2479:
2475:
2469:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2433:2027.42/62684
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2393:
2384:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2340:
2332:
2325:
2317:
2311:
2307:
2300:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2275:
2274:2027.42/30901
2270:
2266:
2262:
2259:(6): 971–83.
2258:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2181:
2177:
2175:
2166:
2150:
2146:
2144:
2135:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2082:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2004:
1985:
1978:
1972:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1939:(3): 419–20.
1938:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1862:
1853:
1838:
1835:
1829:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1768:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1736:
1730:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1702:
1686:
1682:
1676:
1674:
1658:
1654:
1648:
1641:
1628:
1622:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1589:
1585:
1578:
1576:
1568:
1564:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1549:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1507:Karl Giberson
1504:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1487:HarperCollins
1484:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1399:Veritas Forum
1395:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1310:
1304:
1302:
1301:leap of faith
1298:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1255:
1250:
1248:
1247:Trotter Prize
1244:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1062:In 2023, the
1060:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
974:
971:
969:
964:
962:
958:
957:
952:
947:
945:
944:public health
941:
936:
934:
929:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
902:
896:
894:
893:
887:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
864:
859:
856:
855:
850:
848:
839:
834:
820:
817:
815:
811:
806:
804:
800:
794:
792:
788:
784:
780:
779:haplotype map
775:
773:
769:
768:Francis Crick
765:
761:
757:
752:
749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
702:
696:
695:Lap-Chee Tsui
692:
687:
685:
681:
676:
674:
673:
668:
667:
662:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
594:
590:
589:home schooled
586:
582:
572:
570:
566:
562:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
534:
529:
528:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
472:
463:
453:
437:
428:
424:
420:
416:
414:
410:
403:
402:
398:
396:
392:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
372:
370:
366:
363:
360:
356:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
332:
328:
324:
319:
315:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
283:(age 74)
269:
265:
260:
256:
252:
249:
243:
239:
236:
230:
227:
223:
220:
216:
210:
205:
202:
197:
193:
190:
184:
180:
177:
171:
168:
165:
161:
158:
154:
150:
147:
143:
137:
132:
129:
124:
121:
118:
112:
109:
106:
100:
97:
94:
90:
84:
79:
75:
70:
67:
63:
59:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
10565:Jane Goodall
10558:
10506:Desmond Tutu
10309:Stanley Jaki
10279:Billy Graham
10117:
9999:Carol Prives
9906:Daniel Frost
9872:Gordon Brown
9715:Özlem Türeci
9671:Joanne Chory
9665:Svante Pääbo
9646:Rainer Weiss
9545:Baruch Minke
9541:David Julius
9509:Sumio Iijima
9503:Ginés Morata
9459:Jane Goodall
9426:
9423:John Sulston
9419:Craig Venter
9409:Robert Gallo
9353:Amable Liñán
9265:Alberto Sols
9164:Sandra Faber
9159:Sidney Drell
8989:Leo Kadanoff
8984:James Cronin
8932:Hans Dehmelt
8867:Robert Pound
8833:Robert Sharp
8649:John Sinfelt
8616:Verner Suomi
8583:Lewis Sarett
8447:Lars Onsager
8391:Henry Eyring
8358:John Bardeen
8100:Richard Karp
8068:Allen Newell
7847:Jerzy Neyman
7472:Tung-Yen Lin
7449:Bill Hewlett
7379:Morris Cohen
6973:John W. Cahn
6874:Karl Folkers
6635:Lucy Shapiro
6585:Elaine Fuchs
6579:
6464:Ann Graybiel
6394:Janet Rowley
6376:James Watson
6368:Ruth Patrick
6211:Philip Leder
6081:Mildred Cohn
6029:Severo Ochoa
6006:E. O. Wilson
5441:
5388:
5367:
5338:Robert Stone
5025:
4991:
4961:
4903:at Wikiquote
4866:
4857:Businessweek
4856:
4823:(2): 28–29.
4820:
4814:
4808:
4796:
4784:. Retrieved
4781:The Atlantic
4780:
4770:
4758:. Retrieved
4743:
4731:. Retrieved
4727:the original
4722:
4713:
4695:
4683:. Retrieved
4679:
4669:
4657:. Retrieved
4653:
4644:
4632:. Retrieved
4627:
4618:
4608:September 3,
4606:. Retrieved
4596:
4572:
4562:
4550:. Retrieved
4546:the original
4532:
4513:
4507:
4495:. Retrieved
4491:
4481:
4469:. Retrieved
4459:
4447:. Retrieved
4442:
4433:
4421:. Retrieved
4411:
4399:. Retrieved
4395:
4385:
4373:. Retrieved
4369:the original
4364:
4355:
4347:the original
4342:
4332:
4320:. Retrieved
4316:
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4113:November 30,
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3275:the original
3268:
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3095:
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3039:
3029:
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2962:
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2652:. Retrieved
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1729:
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1631:. Retrieved
1621:
1609:. Retrieved
1605:
1596:
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1492:
1482:
1470:
1460:
1446:
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1425:
1423:
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1387:
1378:
1370:Episcopalian
1362:Presbyterian
1350:
1347:D. J. Grothe
1340:
1334:
1307:
1305:
1290:
1280:
1277:Christianity
1259:
1251:
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1221:
1210:
1160:
1151:neurological
1140:
1109:
1103:playing and
1098:
1078:
1061:
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1003:
980:
972:
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937:
933:Donald Trump
930:
917:
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897:
890:
888:
861:
860:
852:
851:
843:
823:NIH director
818:
807:
795:
776:
760:human genome
756:Craig Venter
753:
750:
727:
699:
688:
677:
670:
664:
658:
634:
628:, earning a
622:biochemistry
578:
567:, replacing
558:
531:
530:bestseller,
525:
523:
496:
470:
469:
399:
368:Institutions
351:
246:Succeeded by
222:Bill Clinton
208:
187:Succeeded by
153:Donald Trump
149:Barack Obama
135:
115:Succeeded by
82:
73:
36:
10599:1950 births
10518:Jean Vanier
10512:Tomáš Halík
10494:Martin Rees
10400:Ian Barbour
10382:Bill Bright
10376:Paul Davies
10128:Ben Feringa
10085:Steve Young
10067:Jack Thorne
9994:Cathy Price
9974:Hugh Osborn
9959:Linda Nazar
9916:David Harel
9896:John Endler
9689:Terence Tao
9579:Peter Higgs
9525:Tobin Marks
9469:Tony Hunter
9449:Vinton Cerf
9325:Guido Münch
9117:Berni Alder
8924:Frank Press
8805:Walter Kohn
8782:George Pake
8716:Walter Munk
8639:Herman Mark
8621:Henry Taube
8409:Jesse Beams
8363:Peter Debye
8345:Harold Urey
8269:Barry Mazur
7831:John Milnor
7725:Amnon Yariv
7669:Leo Beranek
7495:Ernst Weber
7348:Abel Wolman
6939:Thomas Cech
6869:Elkan Blout
6809:Max Tishler
6726:Roger Adams
6684:Simon Levin
6150:Harry Eagle
5973:Paul Gyorgy
5665:Gary Becker
5020:Eric Lander
4922:Appearances
4723:veritas.org
4654:www.pbs.org
4591:D.J. Grothe
4317:www.nsf.gov
4209:February 5,
3359:Nature News
3302:Nature News
3269:NIH Record,
3135:January 15,
3045:October 18,
2978:October 18,
2952:October 25,
2885:October 16,
2683:October 16,
2527:October 16,
2186:October 16,
2155:October 16,
1993:October 16,
1842:October 12,
1434:agnosticism
1430:John Horgan
1420:Agnosticism
1385:documentary
1297:C. S. Lewis
1085:Eric Lander
1068:Hepatitis C
1052:James Comer
1048:Larry Tabak
645:Chapel Hill
569:Eric Lander
548:. In 2009,
417:James Cross
297:Diane Baker
233:Preceded by
174:Preceded by
108:Eric Lander
103:Preceded by
10593:Categories
10158:Ada Yonath
10037:Ralf Speth
10027:John Shine
9989:John Plane
9733:Yann LeCun
9711:Uğur Şahin
9681:Yves Meyer
9656:, and the
8911:Vera Rubin
8550:Paul Flory
8211:Hyman Bass
8084:John Cocke
7987:Raoul Bott
7890:Kurt Gödel
7882:John Tukey
7839:Paul Cohen
7454:George Low
7417:Simon Ramo
6640:Leroy Hood
6441:Carl Woese
6389:Bruce Ames
5900:Ernst Mayr
5390:NIH Record
5318:Rolla Dyer
5091:Institutes
4997:2009–2021
4968:1993–2008
4045:August 30,
3281:August 30,
3217:IEEE Pulse
3067:Reason.com
2016:(1): 3–6.
1837:Genome.gov
1691:October 5,
1662:January 5,
1611:January 5,
1545:References
1477:Free Press
1105:motorcycle
604:degree in
563:as Acting
277:1950-04-14
10342:Baba Amte
9859:Ben Berks
9640:Hugh Herr
9382:Atapuerca
8906:Val Fitch
7974:Peter Lax
7744:Shu Chien
6991:John Ross
6706:Chemistry
6094:Paul Berg
5486:laureates
5285:Directors
4917:NHRGI Bio
4803:Feb. 2007
4786:April 13,
4760:March 29,
4733:March 29,
4573:Fresh Air
4552:March 15,
4365:faseb.org
4322:March 29,
4279:August 2,
4186:March 22,
3926:March 22,
3900:March 22,
3895:0362-4331
3861:0362-4331
3826:0098-7484
3614:0098-7484
3573:April 29,
3543:April 29,
3515:April 29,
3489:March 29,
3441:April 29,
3237:2154-2287
3201:115287921
3161:March 29,
3104:0099-9660
3073:April 21,
2905:9-June-09
2817:March 29,
2754:NIH News,
2709:March 29,
2483:March 29,
2104:CiteSeerX
1790:702791906
1780:(Ph.D.).
1761:Chapter 1
1497:HarperOne
1358:Methodist
1342:Fresh Air
1287:Methodist
1226:from the
1112:rock band
968:Joe Biden
637:residency
606:chemistry
490:(NIH) in
310:Education
218:President
209:In office
157:Joe Biden
145:President
136:In office
96:Joe Biden
92:President
83:In office
10094:Honorary
9829:elected
8885:Ed Stone
5882:Jay Lush
5253:Programs
4754:Archived
4703:Archived
4497:June 24,
4449:June 24,
4423:July 30,
4401:July 30,
4390:jdyork.
4375:July 30,
4297:Archived
4248:Archived
4228:Archived
4160:March 3,
4087:July 30,
3963:Archived
3866:July 28,
3834:36892977
3785:July 28,
3779:PBS News
3759:July 30,
3733:July 30,
3707:July 30,
3681:July 30,
3656:July 30,
3632:27636028
3389:24834516
3340:24482835
3253:22127481
3245:29155378
2858:19608881
2777:July 30,
2737:June 24,
2546:Archived
2452:12714972
2443:10540076
2398:(2003).
2038:30491698
1963:16909377
1923:(2006).
1794:ProQuest
1569:7-Aug-09
1563:Archived
1528:See also
1441:Abortion
1405:and the
1331:BioLogos
1283:agnostic
1169:and the
1022:COVID-19
987:Big Data
977:Projects
724:Genomics
517:and the
509:and the
475:ForMemRS
302:Children
253:(acting)
240:(acting)
194:(acting)
181:(acting)
10106:Foreign
9838:Fellows
9831:in 2020
9825:of the
9823:Fellows
5442:Italics
5382:Related
5207:Centers
5030:Acting
4912:NIH Bio
4837:9490474
4009:June 4,
3623:5101947
3483:nih.gov
3380:5101948
3331:4058759
3310:Bibcode
3193:1440505
3155:nih.gov
3109:May 12,
2838:Science
2460:4420150
2412:Bibcode
2375:9103196
2355:Science
2283:8458085
2231:2772644
2211:Bibcode
2203:Science
2126:2997931
2096:Bibcode
2088:Science
2073:7549422
2030:1301996
1954:1559551
1907:6093122
1875:Bibcode
1818:May 11,
1479:, 2006)
1467:, 1998)
1401:on the
1366:Baptist
1349:on the
1339:and on
878:and by
874:of the
854:Science
810:Nigeria
701:Science
10579:(2023)
10573:(2022)
10567:(2021)
10561:(2020)
10544:(2019)
10538:(2018)
10532:(2017)
10526:(2016)
10520:(2015)
10514:(2014)
10508:(2013)
10502:(2012)
10496:(2011)
10490:(2010)
10473:(2009)
10467:(2008)
10461:(2007)
10455:(2006)
10449:(2005)
10443:(2004)
10437:(2003)
10431:(2002)
10425:(2001)
10419:(2000)
10402:(1999)
10396:(1998)
10390:(1997)
10384:(1996)
10378:(1995)
10372:(1994)
10366:(1993)
10360:(1992)
10354:(1991)
10348:(1990)
10344:&
10327:(1989)
10323:&
10317:(1988)
10311:(1987)
10305:(1986)
10299:(1985)
10293:(1984)
10287:(1983)
10281:(1982)
10275:(1981)
10269:(1980)
10252:(1979)
10246:(1978)
10240:(1977)
10234:(1976)
10228:(1975)
10222:(1974)
10216:(1973)
9939:Xin Lu
9775:, and
9759:2024:
9753:, and
9745:2023:
9739:, and
9727:2022:
9721:, and
9697:2021:
9691:, and
9679:2020:
9669:2019:
9663:2018:
9644:2017:
9638:2016:
9628:2015:
9599:, and
9591:2014:
9585:, and
9577:2013:
9567:2012:
9561:, and
9553:2011:
9547:, and
9539:2010:
9529:2009:
9523:, and
9507:2008:
9497:2007:
9491:2006:
9485:2005:
9479:, and
9463:2004:
9457:2003:
9451:, and
9439:2002:
9433:, and
9417:2001:
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9397:1999:
9387:1998:
9380:1997:
9374:1996:
9363:1995:
9357:1994:
9351:1993:
9345:1992:
9339:1991:
9329:1990:
9323:1989:
9313:1988:
9303:1987:
9297:1986:
9287:1985:
9281:1984:
9275:1983:
9269:1982:
9263:1981:
5006:Acting
4987:Acting
4926:C-SPAN
4835:
4685:May 2,
4659:May 9,
4634:May 9,
4520:
3893:
3859:
3832:
3824:
3630:
3620:
3612:
3461:"Home"
3387:
3377:
3338:
3328:
3251:
3243:
3235:
3199:
3191:
3102:
2926:May 2,
2856:
2654:May 3,
2618:
2586:May 3,
2458:
2450:
2440:
2404:Nature
2373:
2312:
2291:802885
2289:
2281:
2229:
2124:
2106:
2071:
2036:
2028:
1961:
1951:
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1898:392022
1895:
1788:
1741:May 5,
1719:May 5,
1640:Bible.
1633:May 3,
1368:, and
1132:TEDMED
1128:gospel
1101:guitar
1083:after
922:chorus
649:Fellow
406:(1974)
404:
395:Thesis
358:Fields
294:Spouse
289:, U.S.
163:Deputy
74:Acting
10552:2020s
10481:2010s
10410:2000s
10335:1990s
10260:1980s
10207:1970s
9149:2010s
8998:2000s
8847:1990s
8668:1980s
8474:1970s
8322:1960s
8241:2010s
8143:2000s
8032:1990s
7943:1980s
7864:1970s
7792:1960s
7734:2010s
7643:2000s
7535:1990s
7426:1980s
7307:1970s
7202:1960s
7113:2010s
7005:2000s
6859:1990s
6735:1980s
6716:1960s
6612:2010s
6421:2000s
6235:1990s
6053:1980s
5909:1970s
5772:1960s
5714:2010s
5655:2000s
5567:1990s
5527:1980s
5508:1960s
5077:U.S.
5033:2022
4492:Salon
4205:. BIO
4064:(PDF)
4039:(PDF)
4028:(PDF)
3946:Slate
3249:S2CID
3197:S2CID
2627:God.'
2456:S2CID
2287:S2CID
2249:(PDF)
2034:S2CID
1987:(PDF)
1980:(PDF)
1505:with
1455:Books
1272:Views
1193:with
1143:music
1095:Music
126:16th
9673:and
9658:LIGO
9632:and
9571:and
9533:and
9501:and
9411:and
9401:and
9391:and
9367:and
9333:and
9317:and
9307:and
9291:and
9186:2014
9173:2012
9155:2011
9126:2009
9113:2008
9100:2007
9092:2006
9079:2005
9071:2004
9058:2003
9040:2002
9022:2001
9004:2000
8980:1999
8967:1998
8949:1997
8941:1996
8928:1995
8915:1994
8902:1993
8894:1992
8876:1991
8853:1990
8819:1989
8791:1988
8763:1987
8735:1986
8697:1983
8674:1982
8630:1979
8597:1976
8569:1975
8541:1974
8508:1973
8480:1970
8456:1969
8433:1968
8405:1967
8377:1966
8354:1965
8336:1964
8328:1963
8286:2013
8273:2012
8260:2011
8247:2010
8228:2009
8215:2007
8207:2006
8199:2005
8191:2004
8183:2003
8175:2002
8162:2001
8149:2000
8125:1999
8117:1998
8109:1997
8096:1996
8088:1995
8080:1994
8072:1993
8064:1992
8056:1991
8038:1990
8009:1989
7996:1988
7983:1987
7970:1986
7957:1983
7949:1982
7925:1979
7912:1976
7894:1975
7886:1974
7878:1973
7870:1970
7851:1969
7843:1968
7835:1967
7827:1966
7819:1965
7806:1964
7798:1963
7756:2012
7748:2011
7740:2010
7721:2009
7713:2008
7705:2007
7697:2006
7689:2005
7681:2004
7673:2003
7665:2002
7657:2001
7649:2000
7630:1999
7622:1998
7609:1996
7601:1995
7593:1994
7585:1993
7572:1992
7554:1991
7541:1990
7517:1989
7499:1988
7481:1987
7463:1986
7445:1983
7432:1982
7393:1979
7375:1976
7352:1975
7334:1974
7321:1973
7313:1970
7294:1969
7281:1968
7268:1967
7260:1966
7242:1965
7229:1964
7216:1963
7208:1962
7166:2014
7158:2013
7145:2012
7132:2011
7119:2010
7095:2009
7082:2008
7074:2007
7061:2006
7053:2005
7045:2004
7037:2002
7024:2001
7011:2000
6982:1999
6969:1998
6956:1997
6948:1996
6935:1995
6927:1994
6914:1993
6906:1992
6883:1991
6865:1990
6831:1989
6813:1988
6795:1987
6772:1986
6754:1983
6741:1982
6722:1964
6670:2014
6662:2013
6649:2012
6631:2011
6618:2010
6594:2009
6576:2008
6563:2007
6545:2006
6532:2005
6514:2004
6496:2003
6483:2002
6445:2001
6427:2000
6398:1999
6385:1998
6372:1997
6364:1996
6356:1995
6343:1994
6330:1993
6317:1992
6274:1991
6241:1990
6197:1989
6164:1988
6136:1987
6108:1986
6085:1983
6067:1982
6059:1981
6010:1979
5987:1976
5964:1975
5941:1974
5928:1973
5915:1970
5891:1969
5863:1968
5840:1967
5817:1966
5799:1965
5786:1964
5778:1963
5736:2015
5728:2014
5720:2011
5701:2009
5693:2008
5685:2005
5677:2004
5669:2003
5661:2000
5642:1999
5634:1998
5626:1997
5618:1996
5610:1995
5602:1994
5594:1992
5586:1991
5573:1990
5554:1988
5541:1987
5533:1986
5514:1964
5083:list
4833:PMID
4788:2021
4762:2018
4735:2018
4687:2010
4661:2020
4636:2020
4610:2015
4554:2020
4518:ISBN
4499:2024
4473:2020
4451:2024
4425:2019
4403:2019
4377:2019
4324:2018
4281:2010
4211:2014
4188:2018
4162:2023
4115:2018
4089:2019
4047:2013
4011:2017
3928:2022
3902:2022
3891:ISSN
3868:2024
3857:ISSN
3830:PMID
3822:ISSN
3806:JAMA
3787:2024
3761:2019
3735:2019
3709:2019
3683:2019
3658:2019
3628:PMID
3610:ISSN
3594:JAMA
3575:2016
3545:2016
3517:2016
3491:2018
3443:2016
3385:PMID
3336:PMID
3283:2013
3241:PMID
3233:ISSN
3189:OSTI
3163:2018
3137:2021
3111:2022
3100:ISSN
3075:2022
3047:2020
3006:2022
2980:2009
2954:2011
2928:2010
2887:2011
2854:PMID
2819:2018
2779:2019
2739:2024
2711:2018
2685:2011
2656:2014
2616:ISBN
2588:2014
2529:2011
2485:2018
2448:PMID
2371:PMID
2310:ISBN
2279:PMID
2253:Cell
2227:PMID
2188:2011
2157:2011
2122:PMID
2069:PMID
2026:PMID
1995:2011
1959:PMID
1903:PMID
1844:2021
1820:2020
1786:OCLC
1743:2022
1721:2022
1693:2021
1664:2018
1635:2014
1613:2018
1317:and
1126:and
1124:rock
1014:WIV1
908:and
799:HeLa
766:and
267:Born
4935:TED
4933:at
4924:on
4825:doi
4821:278
3814:doi
3810:329
3618:PMC
3602:doi
3598:316
3375:PMC
3367:doi
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