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of the poor family living there and discreetly collected firewood for them, cleared snow away from their path, and performed other tasks to help them. Secretly living next to the cottage for months, the
Creature learned that the son was going to marry a Turkish woman whom he was teaching his native language, which the Creature listened in on the lessons and taught himself to speak and write. The Creature also taught himself to read after discovering a lost satchel of books in the woods. When he saw his reflection in a pool, he realized his appearance was hideous, and it horrified him as much as it horrified normal humans. As he continued to learn of the family's plight, he grew increasingly attached to them, and eventually he approached the family in hopes of becoming their friend, entering the house while only the blind father was present. The two conversed, but on the return of the others, the rest of them were frightened. The blind man's son attacked him and the Creature fled the house. The next day, the family left their home out of fear that he would return. Witnessing this, the monster renounced any hope of being accepted by humanity, and vowed to get his revenge. Although he hated his creator for abandoning him, he decided to travel to
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Creature strangles
Elizabeth. From the window, Victor sees the Creature, who tauntingly points at Elizabeth's corpse; Victor tries to shoot him, but the Creature escapes. Victor's father, weakened by age and by the death of Elizabeth, dies a few days later. Seeking revenge, Victor pursues the Creature across Europe and Russia, though his adversary stays one step ahead of him at all times. Eventually, the chase leads to the Arctic Ocean and then on towards the North Pole, and Victor reaches a point where he is within a mile of the Creature, but he collapses from exhaustion and
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humans. He travelled to Geneva using details from a combination of Victor's journal and geography lessons gleaned from the family. When in
Switzerland he chanced upon William who was at first frightened and the Creature held his wrist to calm him. When the boy screamed his full name and that he had powerful parents, this sparked the creature into killing the boy to spite Victor. The Creature then took William's locket and placed it into the dress of Justine, incriminating her as the murderer.
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father notifying him of the murder of his brother
William. Near Geneva, Victor sees a large figure and becomes convinced that his creation is responsible. Justine Moritz, William's nanny, is convicted of the crime after William's locket, which contained a miniature portrait of Caroline, is found in her pocket. Victor knows that no one will believe him if he testifies that it was the doing of the Creature; Justine is hanged. Ravaged by grief and guilt, Victor takes up
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crew's demands, Victor is angered and, despite his condition, gives a powerful speech to them. He reminds them of why they chose to join the expedition and that it is hardship and danger, not comfort, that defines a glorious undertaking such as theirs. He urges them to be men, not cowards. However, although the speech makes an impression on the crew, it is not enough to change their minds. Knowing that continuing on would surely result in
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609:. It was during their trip to France that Percy probably had an affair with Mary's stepsister, Claire. On 22 February 1815, Shelley gave birth prematurely to her first child, Clara, who died two weeks later. Over eight years, she endured a similar pattern of pregnancy and loss, one haemorrhage occurring until Percy placed her upon ice to cease the bleeding.
1436:. This edition was heavily revised by Mary Shelley, partially to make the story less radical. It included a lengthy new preface by the author, presenting a somewhat embellished version of the genesis of the story. This edition is the one most widely published and read now, although a few editions follow the 1818 text. Some scholars such as
393:. Frankenstein has been in pursuit of the gigantic man observed by Walton's crew. Frankenstein starts to recover from his exertion; he sees in Walton the same obsession that has destroyed him and recounts a story of his life's miseries to Walton as a warning. The recounted story serves as the frame for Frankenstein's narrative.
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is left ambiguous. After a great deal of hesitation in exercising this power, Frankenstein spends two years painstakingly constructing the
Creature's body (one anatomical feature at a time, from raw materials supplied by "the dissecting room and the slaughter-house"), which he then brings to life using his unspecified process.
800:. The themes of loss, guilt, and the consequences of defying nature present in the novel all developed from Mary Shelley's own life. The loss of her mother, the relationship with her father, and the death of her first child are thought to have inspired the monster and his separation from parental guidance. In a 1965 issue of
1305:. Prometheus then taught humans to hunt, but after he tricked Zeus into accepting "poor-quality offerings" from humans, Zeus kept fire from humankind. Prometheus took back the fire from Zeus to give to humanity. When Zeus discovered this, he sentenced Prometheus to be eternally punished by fixing him to a rock of
1923:βVery Unwell. Shelley & Clary walk out, as usual, to heaps of places ... A letter from Hookham to say that Harriet has been brought to bed of a son and heir. Shelley writes a number of circular letters on this event, which ought to be ushered in with ringing of bells, etc., for it is the son of his
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attacks the novel's flaws as the fault of the author: "The writer of it is, we understand, a female; this is an aggravation of that which is the prevailing fault of the novel; but if our authoress can forget the gentleness of her sex, it is no reason why we should; and we shall therefore dismiss the
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Mary
Shelley began writing what she assumed would be a short story, but with Percy Shelley's encouragement, she expanded the tale into a fully-fledged novel. She later described that summer in Switzerland as the moment "when I first stepped out from childhood into life." Shelley wrote the first four
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Victor dies shortly thereafter, telling Walton, in his last words, to seek "happiness in tranquillity and avoid ambition." Walton discovers the
Creature on his ship, mourning over Victor's body. The Creature tells Walton that Victor's death has not brought him peace; rather, his crimes have made him
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as "the quintessential teenage book", noting that the feelings that "You don't belong. You were brought to this world by people that don't care for you and you are thrown into a world of pain and suffering, and tears and hunger" are an important part of the story. He adds that "it's an amazing book
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and other early motion-picture works based on the creature. In
Shelley's original work, Victor Frankenstein discovers a previously unknown but elemental principle of life, and that insight allows him to develop a method to imbue vitality into inanimate matter, though the exact nature of the process
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I saw the pale student of unhallowed arts kneeling beside the thing he had put together. I saw the hideous phantasm of a man stretched out, and then, on the working of some powerful engine, show signs of life, and stir with an uneasy, half vital motion. Frightful must it be; for supremely frightful
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Shelley's father was a famous author of the time, and her education was of great importance to him, although it was not formal. Shelley grew up surrounded by her father's friends, writers, and persons of political importance, who often gathered at the family home. This inspired her authorship at an
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just as strong as the monster who could plague humanity. He tears apart the unfinished female creature after he sees the
Creature, who had indeed followed Victor, watching through a window. The Creature immediately bursts through the door to confront Victor and demands he repair his destruction and
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to find him because he believed that Victor was the only person with a responsibility to help him. On the journey, he rescued a child who had fallen into a river, but her father, believing that the
Creature intended to harm them, shot him in the shoulder. The Creature then swore revenge against all
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Intelligent and articulate, the Creature relates his first days of life, living alone in the wilderness. He found that people were afraid of him and hated him due to his appearance, which led him to fear and hide from them. While living in an abandoned structure connected to a cottage, he grew fond
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and by entrapping and vivisecting feral animals. Despite Victor selecting its features to be beautiful, upon animation the Creature is instead hideous, with dull and watery yellow eyes and yellow skin that barely conceals the muscles and blood vessels underneath. Repulsed by his work, Victor flees.
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Some have posited the creature as a composite of Percy Shelley and Thomas Paine. If the creature's hatred for Victor and his desire to raise a child mirror Percy's filial rebelliousness and his longing to adopt children, his desire to do good and his persecution can be said to echo Paine's utopian
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In September 2011, astronomer Donald Olson, after a visit to the Lake Geneva villa the previous year and inspecting data about the motion of the moon and stars, concluded that her "waking dream" took place between 2 a.m. and 3 a.m. on 16 June 1816, several days after the initial idea by Lord Byron
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At the end of Victor's narrative, Captain Walton resumes telling the story. A few days after the Creature vanishes, the ship is trapped by pack ice for a second time, and several crewmen die in the cold before the rest of Walton's crew insists on returning south once it is freed. Upon hearing the
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to build the second creature, Victor suspects that the Creature is following him. As he works on the new creature, he is plagued by premonitions of disaster. He fears that the female will hate the Creature - or worse still - be even more evil than he is. Even more worrying to him is the idea that
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had experimented with human bodies, and reasoned that Mary suppressed mention of her visit to maintain her public claim of originality. A literary essay by A.J. Day supports Florescu's position that Mary Shelley knew of and visited Frankenstein Castle before writing her debut novel. Day includes
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Part of Frankenstein's rejection of his creation is the fact that he does not give him a name. Instead, Frankenstein's creation is referred to by words such as "wretch", "monster", "creature", "demon", "devil", "fiend", and "it". When Frankenstein converses with the creature, he addresses him as
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wilderness, never to reappear, if Victor grants his request. Should Victor refuse, the Creature threatens to kill Victor's remaining friends and loved ones and not stop until he completely ruins him. Fearing for his family, Victor reluctantly agrees. The Creature says he will watch over Victor's
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Victor falls ill from the experience and is nursed back to health by Clerval. After recovering he forgets about the Creature and goes into Clerval's study of Oriental languages, which he considers the happiest time of his academic career. This is cut short when Victor receives a letter from his
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Byron proposed that they "each write a ghost story." Unable to think of a story, Mary Shelley became anxious. She recalled being asked "Have you thought of a story?" each morning, and every time being "forced to reply with a mortifying negative." During one evening in the middle of summer, the
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In Geneva, Victor is about to marry Elizabeth and prepares to fight the Creature to the death, arming himself with pistols and a dagger. The night following their wedding, Victor asks Elizabeth to stay in her room while he looks for "the fiend". While Victor searches the house and grounds, the
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Victor sails out to sea to dispose of his instruments, and falls asleep in the boat. He awakens some time later, and is unable to return to shore due to a change in the wind, and falls unconscious, drifting to Ireland. When Victor awakens, he is arrested for murder. Despite the severity of the
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In the best-known versions of the Prometheus story, by Hesiod and Aeschylus, Prometheus merely brings fire to humankind, but in other versions, such as several of Aesop's fables (See in particular Fable 516), Sappho (Fragment 207), and Ovid's Metamorphoses, Prometheus is the actual creator of
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confirms that he was in Orkney at the time the murder took place. However, when shown the murder victim, Victor is horrified to see it was Henry Clerval, whom the Creature strangled as part of his promise to kill all his friends and family. Victor suffers another mental breakdown and after
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recovering, he returns home with his father, who has restored to Elizabeth some of her father's fortune. His father does not know of the cause behind the murders of William and Henry, but senses a curse and begs Victor to honour his mother's last wish that Victor marry Elizabeth.
1525:, who criticized the novel for technical and narrative defects: for example, she claimed that its three narrators all speak in the same way. In more recent years the novel has become a popular subject for psychoanalytic and feminist criticism: Lawrence Lipking states: "ven the
624:, have a competition to write the best ghost story to pass time stuck indoors. Historians suggest that an affair occurred too, even that the father of one of Shelley's children may have been Byron. Mary was just eighteen years old when she won the contest with her creation of
369:. Set in the 18th century, it documents a fictional correspondence between Captain Robert Walton and his sister, Margaret Walton Saville. Robert Walton is a failed writer who sets out to explore the North Pole in hopes of expanding scientific knowledge. After departing from
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Many writers and historians have attempted to associate several then-popular natural philosophers (now called physical scientists) with Shelley's work because of several notable similarities. Two of the most noted natural philosophers among Shelley's contemporaries were
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early age. Mary, at the age of sixteen, met Percy Bysshe Shelley (who later became her husband) while he was visiting her father. Godwin did not approve of the relationship between his daughter and an older, married man, so they fled to France along with her stepsister,
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in an unorthodox scientific experiment. Shelley started writing the story when she was 18, and the first edition was published anonymously in London on 1 January 1818, when she was 20. Her name first appeared in the second edition, which was published in Paris in 1821.
1537:, with literary scholars, psychologists, novelists, and historians citing it as an influential text. Today, the novel is generally considered to be a landmark work as one of the greatest Romantic and Gothic novels, as well as one of the first science fiction novels.
1326:, Mary Shelley saw Prometheus not as a hero but rather as something of a devil, and blamed him for bringing fire to humanity and thereby seducing the human race to the vice of eating meat. Percy wrote several essays on what became known as vegetarianism including
778:, who was supposed to have developed chemical means to extend the life span of humans. While Shelley was aware of both of these men and their activities, she makes no mention of or reference to them or their experiments in any of her published or released notes.
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story. In contrast to previous stories with fantastical elements resembling those of later science fiction, Aldiss states, the central character "makes a deliberate decision" and "turns to modern experiments in the laboratory" to achieve fantastic results.
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While wandering the streets the next day, he meets his childhood friend, Henry Clerval, and takes Clerval back to his apartment, fearful of Clerval's reaction if he sees the monster. However, when Victor returns to his laboratory, the Creature is gone.
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resume work, but Victor refuses. The Creature leaves, but gives a final threat: "I will be with you on your wedding night." Victor interprets this as a threat upon his life, believing that the Creature will kill him after he finally becomes happy.
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movement, it has had a considerable influence on literature and on popular culture, spawning a complete genre of horror stories, films, and plays. Since the publication of the novel, the name "Frankenstein" has often been used, erroneously, to
1462:, praises the novel as an "extraordinary tale, in which the author seems to us to disclose uncommon powers of poetic imagination," although he was less convinced about the way in which the monster gains knowledge about the world and language.
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family, Victor and his younger brothers, Ernest and William, are sons of Alphonse Frankenstein and the former Caroline Beaufort. From a young age, Victor has a strong desire to understand the world. He is obsessed with studying theories of
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was published on 1 January 1818 by the small London publishing house Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones. It was issued anonymously, with a preface written for Mary by Percy Bysshe Shelley and with a dedication to philosopher
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ideas as well. Mary Shelley believed the Enlightenment idea that society could progress and grow if political leaders used their powers responsibly; however, she also believed the Romantic ideal that misused power could destroy society.
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The Creature has often been mistakenly called Frankenstein. In 1908, one author said "It is strange to note how well-nigh universally the term "Frankenstein" is misused, even by intelligent people, as describing some hideous monster."
1278:, a collection of poetry he wrote with Elizabeth, to Percy's days at Eton, where he had "experimented with electricity and magnetism as well as with gunpowder and numerous chemical reactions," and the way in which Percy's rooms at
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She began that novel as Mary Godwin in June 1816 when she was eighteen years old, she finished it as Mary Shelley in April/May 1817 when she was nineteen . . . and she published it anonymously on 1 January 1818 when she was
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and other sciences, soon developing a secret technique to impart life to non-living matter. He undertakes the creation of a humanoid, but due to the difficulty in replicating the minute parts of the human body, Victor makes
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Parallels between Victor Frankenstein and Mary's husband, Percy Shelley, have also been drawn. Percy Shelley was the first-born son of a wealthy country squire with strong political connections and a descendant of Sir
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has been both well received and disregarded since its anonymous publication in 1818. Critical reviews of that time demonstrate these two views, along with confused speculation as to the identity of the author.
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chapters in the weeks following the suicide of her half-sister Fanny. This was one of many personal tragedies that impacted Shelley's work. Shelley's first child died in infancy, and when she began composing
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The Creature demands that Victor create a female companion like himself. He argues that as a living being, he has a right to happiness. The Creature promises that he and his mate will vanish into the
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had given token of such things". It was after midnight before they retired and, unable to sleep, she became possessed by her imagination as she beheld the "grim terrors" of her "waking dream".
724:, in which he had written that "science has ... bestowed upon man powers which may be called creative; which have enabled him to change and modify the beings around him ...". References to the
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by the use of electricity, this description is not consistent with Shelley's work; both the use of electricity and the cobbled-together image of Frankenstein's monster were more the result of
750:", and its theme of the role of the subconscious is discussed in prose. Percy Shelley's name never appeared as the author of the poem, although the novel credits other quoted poets by name.
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670:. Some major themes of social affections and the renewal of life that appear in Shelley's novel stem from these works she had in her possession. Other literary influences that appear in
1051:. The monster also compares himself with the "fallen" angel. Speaking to Frankenstein, the monster says "I ought to be thy Adam, but I am rather the fallen angel". That angel would be
553:, Walton agrees to abandon the voyage and return home, but Victor, despite his condition, declares that he will continue to hunt the Creature, and is adamant that he must be killed.
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details of an alleged description of the Frankenstein castle in Mary Shelley's "lost journals". However, according to JΓΆrg HelΓ©ne, Day's and Florescu's claims cannot be verified.
422:(the orphaned daughter of an expropriated Italian nobleman) whom Victor plans to marry. Victor's parents later take in another child, Justine Moritz, who becomes William's nanny.
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620:. Poor weather conditions, more akin to winter, forced Byron and the visitors to stay indoors. To help pass time, Byron suggested that he, Mary, Percy, and Byron's physician,
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In two other reviews where the author is known as the daughter of William Godwin, the criticism of the novel makes reference to the feminine nature of Mary Shelley. The
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says that the Creature addresses the most fundamental human questions: "It's the idea of asking your maker what your purpose is. Why are we here, what can we do?"
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from a dream-vision. This claim has since been disputed and debated by scholars that have suggested alternative sources for Shelley's inspiration. The German name
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achieved an almost immediate popular success. It became widely known, especially through melodramatic theatrical adaptationsβMary Shelley saw a production of
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1272:. Percy's sister and Victor's adopted sister were both named Elizabeth. There are many other similarities, from Percy's usage of "Victor" as a pen name for
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1484:, although conceding that "the author has powers, both of conception and language," described the book as "a tissue of horrible and disgusting absurdity."
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945:, edited by Charles E. Robinson, that contains comparisons of Mary Shelley's original text with Percy Shelley's additions and interventions alongside.
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848:. The weather was too cold and dreary that summer to enjoy the outdoor holiday activities they had planned, so the group retired indoors until dawn.
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driven by a gigantic figure. A few hours later, the ice splits apart, freeing the ship, and the crew rescues a nearly frozen and emaciated man named
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attacks the novel as a "feeble imitation of Mr. Godwin's novels" produced by the "daughter of a celebrated living novelist." Despite these reviews,
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3693:"Frankenstein. 1931.1080p. Blu Ray. H 264. AAC RARBG." Internet Archive, 1931, archive.org/details/frankenstein.1931.1080p.bluray.h264.aacrarbg.
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Sitting around a log fire at Byron's villa, the company amused themselves by reading German ghost stories translated into French from the book
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Victor is portrayed more sympathetically in the original text. In the 1831 edition however, Shelley is critical of his decisions and actions.
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before he can find his quarry, allowing the Creature to escape. Eventually the ice around Victor's sledge breaks apart, and the resultant
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so that no one else will ever know of his existence. Walton watches as the Creature drifts away on an ice raft, never to be seen again.
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a psychologist proposed that the theme of guilt stemmed from her not feeling good enough for Percy because of the loss of their child.
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Dr. John Polidori, "The Vampyre" 1819, The New Monthly Magazine and Universal Register; London: H. Colburn, 1814β1820. Vol. 1, No. 63.
597:, having never known her mother. Godwin hired a nurse, who briefly cared for her and her half sister, before marrying his second wife
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Ideas about life and death discussed by Percy and Byron were of great interest to scientists of that time. They discussed ideas from
601:, who did not like the close bond between Shelley and her father. The resulting friction caused Godwin to favour his other children.
418:, though when he is older he realizes that such theories are considerably outdated. When Victor is five years old, his parents adopt
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743:(1790), a political parable about scientific progress featuring an inventor named FrankΓ©steΓ―n, who creates a life-sized automaton.
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1104:, the public at large began speaking of the Creature itself as "Frankenstein". This misnomer continued with the successful sequel
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Bohls, Elizabeth A. "Standards of Taste, Discourses of 'Race', and the Aesthetic Education of a Monster: Critique of Empire in
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1309:, where each day an eagle pecked out his liver, only for the liver to regrow the next day because of his immortality as a god.
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Shelley removed many references to scientific ideas which were popular around the time she wrote the 1818 edition of the book.
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tall, about 8 feet (2.4 m) in height, and proportionally large. Victor works at gathering the vital organs by pilfering
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Bennett, Betty T. Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley: An Introduction, pp. 36β42. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998.
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910:(1819), the progenitor of the romantic vampire literary genre. Thus two seminal horror tales originated from the conclave.
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The Proper Lady and the Woman Writer: Ideology as Style in the Works of Mary Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley, and Jane Austen
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Although the Creature was described in later works as a composite of whole body parts grafted together from cadavers and
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Scott, Grant F. (AprilβJune 2012). "Victor's Secret: Queer Gothic in Lynd Ward's Illustrations to Frankenstein (1934)".
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subgroup of psychoanalytic criticism, for instance, has produced at least half a dozen discrete readings of the novel".
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Iconoclastic Departures: Mary Shelley after "Frankenstein": Essays in Honor of the Bicentenary of Mary Shelley's Birth
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D. L. Macdonald and Kathleen Scherf, "A Note on the Text", Frankenstein, 2nd ed., Peterborough: Broadview Press, 1999.
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1268:. Similarly, Victor's family is one of the most distinguished of that republic and his ancestors were counsellors and
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in 1606, and this has been suggested as an inspiration to the author. Finally, the name is borne by the aristocratic
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Author's digest : the world's great stories in brief. Vol. 16, Robert Louis Stevenson to Albion Winegar TourgΓ©e
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in 1815. Mary Shelley, aged 18, and her lover (and future husband), Percy Bysshe Shelley, visited Lord Byron at the
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was published on 11 August 1823 in two volumes (by G. and W. B. Whittaker) following the success of the stage play
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had a competition to see who wrote the best horror story. After thinking for days, Shelley was inspired to write
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who created humans in the image of the gods so that they could have a spirit breathed into them at the behest of
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discussions turned to the nature of the principle of life. "Perhaps a corpse would be re-animated," Mary noted, "
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and Shelley writes that the monster reads it in the novel). Milton frequently refers to God as "the victor" in
793:. Mary joined these conversations and the ideas of Darwin, Galvani and perhaps Lind were present in her novel.
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have praised the "aesthetic and moral" relevance of the novel, although there have also been critics, such as
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Frankenstein, Or, The Modern Prometheus: Annotated for Scientists, Engineers, and Creators of All Kinds
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That Not Impossible She: A study of gender construction and Individualism in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein
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would be the effect of any human endeavour to mock the stupendous mechanism of the Creator of the world.
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argued that Mary and Percy Shelley visited Frankenstein Castle near Darmstadt in 1814, where alchemist
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Characters in the 1831 version have some dialogue removed entirely while others receive new dialogue.
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Shelley's manuscripts for the first three-volume edition in 1818 (written 1816β1817), as well as the
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ideas were topics of conversation for her companions, particularly for her lover and future husband
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1100:, 12 June 1844, mentioned "the maker of poor Frankenstein". After the release of Whale's cinematic
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774:, who made many public attempts at human reanimation through bio-electric Galvanism in London, and
685:, with the use of individuals identifying the problems with society. Ovid also inspires the use of
433:; Victor buries himself in his experiments to deal with the grief. At the university, he excels at
426:
3356:"Art. XII. Frankenstein: or the Modern Prometheus. 3 vols. 12mo. 16s. 6d. Lackington and Co. 1818"
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is the novel's subtitle (though modern editions now drop it, only mentioning it in introduction).
885:'s publication. Shelley wrote much of the book while residing in a lodging house in the centre of
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3477:"Yes, Frankenstein really was written by Mary Shelley. It's obvious β because the book is so bad"
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Three Gothic Novels: Walpole / Castle of Otranto, Beckford / Vathek, Mary Shelley / Frankenstein
1392:, her father. It was published in an edition of just 500 copies in three volumes, the standard "
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has been largely positive since the mid-20th century. Major critics such as M. A. Goldberg and
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2649:. unknown library. [New York] : Issued under the auspices of the Author's Press.
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1862:"The Project Gutenberg eBook of Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus, by Mary W. Shelley"
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prefer the original version, arguing that it preserves the spirit of Mary Shelley's vision.
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in charge of the trial, which suggests that the case is crumbling. Victor is acquitted when
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The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination
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1579:. In 2021 it was one of six classic science fiction novels by British authors selected by
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2798:"Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Castle Frankenstein and the alchemist Johann Conrad Dippel"
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1411:, translated by Jules Saladin) appeared as early as 1821. The second English edition of
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Shelley's work was heavily influenced by that of her parents. Her father was famous for
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She's such a geek! : women write about science, technology & other nerdy stuff
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Gothic Feminism: The Professionalization of Gender from Charlotte Smith to the BrontΓ«s
3007:
For example, the Longman study edition published in India in 2007 by Pearson Education
2872:
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as the "Prometheus of modern times" in reference to his experiments with electricity.
1240:, and Victor's creation of life in the novel is compared to God's creation of life in
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On 31 October 1831, the first "popular" edition in one volume appeared, published by
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in 1816, she was probably nursing her second child, who was also dead by the time of
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Clerval accompanies Victor to England, but they separate, at Victor's insistence, at
419:
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126:
3936:
Hideous Progenies: Dramatizations of "Frankenstein" from Mary Shelley to the Present
3580:
2629:
Chiu, Frances A. "Reform, Revolution, and the relevance of Frankenstein in 2020" in
2118:
Pollin, Burton (Spring 1965). "Philosophical and Literary Sources of Frankenstein".
2074:
1119:
1036:"vile insect", "abhorred monster", "fiend", "wretched devil", and "abhorred devil".
471:, he is suddenly approached by the Creature, who insists that Victor hear his tale.
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after imagining a scientist who created life and was horrified by what he had made.
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2233:"Did a Volcanic Eruption in Indonesia Really Lead to the Creation of Frankenstein?"
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Both Frankenstein and the monster quote passages from Percy Shelley's 1816 poem, "
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Douthwaite, Julia V. "The Frankenstein of the French Revolution," chapter two of
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2684:
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even more miserable than Victor ever was. The Creature vows to burn himself on a
502:
3669:"Stamps to feature original artworks celebrating classic science fiction novels"
1244:. In addition, Shelley's portrayal of the monster owes much to the character of
820:("It was on a dreary night of November that I beheld my man completed ...")
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9683:
Never Say You Can't Survive: How to Get Through Hard Times By Making Up Stories
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4582:
4329:
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Lew, Joseph W. "The Deceptive Other: Mary Shelley's Critique of Orientalism in
3705:"'Boris Karloff: The Man Behind the Monster' Review: A Very Different Creature"
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Quoted in Spark, 157, from Mary Shelley's introduction to the 1831 edition of
2050:
616:, Mary, Percy, and Claire took a trip to visit Claire's lover, Lord Byron, in
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2037:
Badalamenti, Anthony (Fall 2006). "Why did Mary Shelley Write Frankenstein".
1953:
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1425:. This edition credited Mary Shelley as the book's author on its title page.
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3912:
In Search of Frankenstein: Exploring the Myths Behind Mary Shelley's Monster
3746:. Eds. James Gunn and Matthew Candelaria. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow, 2005.
2398:"'A 200-year-old secret': plaque to mark Bath's hidden role in Frankenstein"
2005:"Frankenstein: Penetrating the Secrets of Nature: The Birth of Frankenstein"
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6040:
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4985:
4552:
4369:
4288:
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4197:
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The Contested Castle: Gothic Novels and the Subversion of Domestic Ideology
3751:
In Frankenstein's Shadow: Myth, Monstrosity, and Nineteenth-Century Writing
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249:
102:
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4368:(Oxford University Press, 2008). Edited with an introduction and notes by
4328:(Oxford University Press, 2009). Edited with an introduction and notes by
3859:
The Frankenstein of 1790 and other Lost Chapters from Revolutionary France
3390:"Frankenstein; or, the modern Prometheus. 3 vols. Lackington and Co. 1818"
3270:"Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. 3 vols. 12mo. Lackington and Co"
2155:
The Frankenstein of 1790 and Other Lost Chapters from Revolutionary France
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4143:
Selbanev, Xtopher. "Natural Philosophy of the Soul", Western Press, 1999.
2633:, ed. by Marc Garrett and Yiannis Colakides. London: Torque, 2022, 33β44.
2611:
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hoped to see "more productions ... from this author". On the other hand,
1225:
991:
906:
841:
693:
533:
370:
362:
337:
2066:
666:. All of these books were set in Switzerland, similar to the setting in
9667:
Dark Matter: A Century of Speculative Fiction from the African Diaspora
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written by a teenage girl. It's mind-blowing." Professor of philosophy
1294:
937:. The Bodleian acquired the papers in 2004, and they belong now to the
686:
520:
511:
464:
315:
235:
4395:
Elizabeth's origin is changed from Victor's cousin to being an orphan.
2631:
Frankenstein Reanimated: Conversations with Artists in Dystopian Times
1829:"Her 'Midnight Pillow': Mary Shelley and the Creation of Frankenstein"
9323:
8859:
8026:
7846:
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3585:. Internet Archive. Syracuse, N.Y. : Syracuse University Press.
1358:
1201:
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926:
860:
434:
374:
296:
288:
276:
54:
This article is about the novel by Mary Shelley. For other uses, see
9560:
3656:
The reveal kickstarts the BBC's year-long celebration of literature.
3217:. New York: Modern Language Association of America. pp. 31β37.
2828:"Wade, Phillip. "Shelley and the Miltonic Element in Mary Shelley's
2492:
Mary Shelley, with Percy Shelley (2008). Charles E. Robinson (ed.).
2131:
812:
8628:
8293:
4464:
3639:
3506:
1613:
playing the monster, is considered the most prominent portrayal of
1568:
1335:
1306:
537:
390:
382:
261:
291:, had engaged in experiments. She then journeyed to the region of
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4221:
Anticipations: Essays on Early Science Fiction and Its Precursors
1754:
Anticipations: Essays on Early Science Fiction and its Precursors
1189:
1052:
897:
893:
796:
Shelley's personal experiences also influenced the themes within
415:
271:
Shelley travelled through Europe in 1815, moving along the river
4381:
Shelley made several alterations in the 1831 edition including:
4132:
Rauch, Alan. "The Monstrous Body of Knowledge in Mary Shelley's
2549:"Frankenstein: Penetrating the Secrets of Nature / Exhibit Text"
2491:
9818:
9706:
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8762:
8608:
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4357:(Penguin English Library, 1968). With an introductory essay by
4051:
The Endurance of "Frankenstein": Essays on Mary Shelley's Novel
1269:
1218:
A possible interpretation of the name "Victor" is derived from
1152:", and is associated with various places in Germany, including
1149:
969:
934:
617:
550:
506:
481:
447:
410:
402:
300:
292:
4283:, edited by David H. Guston, Ed Finn, and Jason Scott Robert,
3835:
Conger, Syndy M., Frederick S. Frank, and Gregory O'Dea, eds.
1092:(1916) describes an unruly child as an "infant Frankenstein".
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8448:
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8001:
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4003:. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1998.
3192:
is the original text, as is the "Ignatius Critical Edition".
1698:
1245:
941:
Collection. In 2008, the Bodleian published a new edition of
272:
4223:. Ed. David Seed. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1995.
3240:"Remarks on Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus; A Novel"
3066:
2524:"Frankenstein: Penetrating the Secrets of Nature: Home page"
2463:"Shelley's Ghost β Reshaping the image of a literary family"
741:
Le Miroir des Γ©vΓ©nemens actuels, ou la Belle au plus offrant
4309:, vol. LXIV, no. 20 (21 December 2017), pp. 38, 40β41.
3742:
Aldiss, Brian W. "On the Origin of Species: Mary Shelley".
2309:"Frankenstein's hour of creation identified by astronomers"
1302:
1040:
845:
682:
510:
creating the second creature might lead to the creation of
460:
3525:"Frankenstein by Mary Shelley | Five Books Expert Reviews"
2673:
This illustration is reprinted in the frontispiece to the
496:
189:
9503:
The Memory Librarian: And Other Stories of Dirty Computer
4376:
4232:. 1989. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.
4110:
O'Flinn, Paul. "Production and Reproduction: The Case of
3884:
Mary Shelley's Fictions: From "Frankenstein" to "Falkner"
4470:
Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley Chronology and Resource Site
3744:
Speculations on Speculation: Theories of Science Fiction
1789:
The Monsters: Mary Shelley and the Curse of Frankenstein
1319:
An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty
655:
Things as They Are; or, The Adventures of Caleb Williams
353:
3848:
Frankenstein's Daughters: Women Writing Science Fiction
1135:
972:
as akin to Frankenstein's creature, in the wake of the
4339:(Penguin Books, 2018). Edited with an introduction by
4252:
Mary Shelley & Frankenstein: The Fate of Androgyny
3145:
1367:(1820). The term "Modern Prometheus" was derived from
6149:
Lives of the Most Eminent Literary and Scientific Men
4515:
of Shelley's notebooks with her handwritten draft of
3097:. Vol. 1. Garland Publishing, Inc. p. xxv.
2285:
paragraph 10, Introduction, Frankenstein 1831 edition
1383:
Shelley completed her writing in April/May 1817, and
648:. Her father's novels also influenced her writing of
4392:
Chapter one is expanded and split into two chapters.
3582:
The detached retina : aspects of SF and fantasy
2276:
paragraph 8, Introduction, Frankenstein 1831 edition
2267:
paragraph 7, Introduction, Frankenstein 1831 edition
1856:
1854:
1624:
968:
An English editorial cartoonist conceives the Irish
892:
Byron managed to write just a fragment based on the
295:, Switzerland, where much of the story takes place.
3809:
Making Monstrous: "Frankenstein", Criticism, Theory
3067:"Welcome to the Royal Society | Royal Society"
1468:described the novel as "very bold fiction" and the
758:" (1798) is associated with the theme of guilt and
401:Victor begins by telling of his childhood. Born in
4025:Jones, Frederick L. (1952). "Shelley and Milton".
3909:
3636:"100 'most inspiring' novels revealed by BBC Arts"
1898:, New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
1140:Mary Shelley maintained that she derived the name
1025:Newspaper illustrations from abridged versions of
396:
6262:"The Haunting of Villa Diodati" (2020 TV episode)
4084:Mary Shelley: Her Life, Her Fiction, Her Monsters
3785:Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998.
3276:. New Series. 1 February 1818. pp. 139β142.
2171:"The Science of Life and Death in Mary Shelley's
1851:
1750:"Frankenstein and the Origins of Science Fiction"
1228:, a great influence on Shelley (a quotation from
9837:
9107:The Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five
3977:Heffernan, James A. W. "Looking at the Monster:
3830:Women's Gothic: From Clara Reeve to Mary Shelley
2367:"The Strange and Twisted Life of 'Frankenstein'"
1942:"The Strange and Twisted Life of "Frankenstein""
1908:Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of American English
1176:. There is also a castle called Frankenstein in
4091:Frankenstein and Philosophy: The Shocking Truth
3956:Gigante, Denise. "Facing the Ugly: The Case of
3765:Approaches to Teaching Shelley's "Frankenstein"
3127:Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998
3094:The Frankenstein Notebooks: A Facsimile Edition
2577:Frankenstein: Penetrating the Secrets of Nature
1590:
948:
3474:
3304:The Edinburgh Magazine and Literary Miscellany
2558:and ALA Public Programs Office. Archived from
2089:"Pollin, "Philosophical and Literary Sources""
1601:List of films featuring Frankenstein's monster
543:
155:Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor & Jones
8728:Voyage de Milord Céton dans les sept planètes
6339:
6025:
5889:Frankenstein: Through the Eyes of the Monster
5274:Frankenstein vs. the Creature from Blood Cove
4537:
4261:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.
4254:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.
3945:Freedman, Carl. "Hail Mary: On the Author of
3868:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012.
3783:Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley: An Introduction.
3628:
9921:British novels adapted into television shows
6353:
4389:found in the 1818 original has been removed.
3505:L. Lipking. Frankenstein the True Story; or
3206:Mellor, Anne K. (1990). "Choosing a Text of
3084:
2588:
1980:"Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" is published"
1817:. Atlanta, GA: Grove Press, 2002. pp. 110β11
1351:Byron was particularly attached to the play
3992:and the Feminine Subversion of the Novel".
3604:
3602:
3394:The Literary Panorama and National Register
3306:. New Series. March 1818. pp. 249β253.
2036:
1496:The Literary Panorama and National Register
474:
248:is an 1818 novel written by English author
117:England, Ireland, Italy, France, Scotland,
15:
6346:
6332:
6032:
6018:
4544:
4530:
4295:, edited and with a foreword and notes by
3770:Bennett, Betty T. and Stuart Curran, eds.
3210:to Teach". In Behrendt, Stephen C. (ed.).
2775:. Fantasmagoriana Press. pp. 149β51.
2729:
1747:
1471:Edinburgh Magazine and Literary Miscellany
1396:" format for 19th-century first editions.
1297:, in versions of Greek mythology, was the
1192:(now ZΔ
bkowice, Poland) was the site of a
1110:(1935), as well as in film titles such as
1039:In the novel, the creature is compared to
728:run through the novel; a likely source is
519:charges, he is met with sympathy from the
69:
16:
5611:Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein
5154:Jesse James Meets Frankenstein's Daughter
4903:Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein
3974:Hay, Daisy "Young Romantics" (2010): 103.
3971:. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.
2984:
1418:Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein
929:for her publisher, are now housed in the
714:The Frankenstein of the French Revolution
8755:Man's Rights; Or, How Would You Like It?
4558:Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus
4259:The Art of Darkness: A Poetics of Gothic
4013:. 1974. London: Harper Perennial, 2003.
3904:
3871:Dunn, Richard J. "Narrative Distance in
3758:"Frankenstein": Creation and Monstrosity
3753:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.
3702:
3610:"Frankenstein: Behind the monster smash"
3599:
3196:has an edition presenting both versions.
3090:
2957:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
2950:
2756:
2730:zapomniana, Historia (24 January 2016).
2230:
1504:Presumption; or The Fate of Frankenstein
1398:
1334:
1118:
963:
828:", the world was locked in a long, cold
811:
568:
64:Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus
24:This is an accepted version of this page
8777:New Amazonia: A Foretaste of the Future
8747:Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus
6065:Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus
4148:The Cambridge Companion to Mary Shelley
3509:Judges Jean-Jacques. (Published in the
3123:Bennett, Betty T. Mary Wollstonecraft.
2762:
2642:
2594:
2395:
1385:Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus
1361:, and Percy Shelley soon wrote his own
1282:were filled with scientific equipment.
1180:, Thuringia, and a municipality called
1096:'s "The Bridal Ornament", published in
1066:Did I request thee, Maker, from my clay
497:Victor Frankenstein's narrative resumes
328:is one of the most well-known works of
279:, 17 kilometres (11 mi) away from
245:Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus
231:Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus
14:
9838:
5824:Frankenstein's Monster (Marvel Comics)
4785:Frankenstein and the Monster from Hell
4377:Differences between 1818 and 1831 text
4192:Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism
3578:
3522:
3430:from the original on 24 September 2010
3320:Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus
3205:
3029:
2886:"Original Poetry by Victor and Cazire"
2795:
2364:
2168:
2117:
1939:
1756:. Syracuse University Press. pp.
1055:(meaning "light-bringer") in Milton's
896:legends he heard while travelling the
824:During the rainy summer of 1816, the "
631:
564:
9474:When the Tiger Came Down the Mountain
6327:
6013:
5619:Frankenstein, or The Vampire's Victim
5067:Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation
4676:Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein
4525:
4219:and the Origins of Science Fiction".
4194:. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 1992.
4157:
4098:Gothic Writing 1750β1820: A Genealogy
4075:, and the Spectacle of Masculinity".
4024:
3949:and the Origins of Science Fiction".
3237:
3030:Morton, Timothy (21 September 2006).
3025:
3023:
2883:
2860:
2439:. Bodley.ox.ac.uk. 15 December 2009.
2408:from the original on 14 November 2018
2377:from the original on 22 February 2018
2301:
2187:from the original on 26 November 2015
2032:
2030:
2015:from the original on 29 November 2018
1960:from the original on 22 February 2018
1935:
1933:
1896:A Dictionary of Modern American Usage
1839:from the original on 19 February 2019
1409:Frankenstein: ou le PromΓ©thΓ©e Moderne
1113:Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein
712:are clearly evident in the novel. In
540:comes within range of Walton's ship.
381:. During this time, the crew spots a
354:Captain Walton introductory narrative
345:, rather than to his creator/father.
5425:Frankenstein Jr. and The Impossibles
5370:The Angry Black Girl and Her Monster
5146:Frankenstein Meets the Space Monster
5020:The Munsters' Scary Little Christmas
3841:Fairleigh Dickinson University Press
3646:from the original on 8 November 2019
3404:from the original on 14 January 2020
3370:from the original on 14 January 2020
3336:from the original on 6 November 2018
3280:from the original on 14 January 2020
3250:from the original on 14 January 2020
2898:from the original on 8 November 2006
2738:from the original on 3 February 2018
2695:
2443:from the original on 5 December 2017
1285:
1275:Original Poetry by Victor and Cazire
1136:Origin of Victor Frankenstein's name
873:that they each write a ghost story.
645:A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
639:Enquiry Concerning Political Justice
3994:Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature
3487:from the original on 6 October 2016
2932:from the original on 16 August 2006
2894:. The Literary Dictionary Company.
2808:from the original on 7 October 2016
2772:Fantasmagoriana (Tales of the Dead)
2768:
2473:from the original on 10 August 2019
2169:Ruston, Sharon (25 November 2015).
1826:
1694:Frankenstein's Promethean dimension
1543:has argued for regarding it as the
1533:has frequently been recommended on
1069:To mould Me man? Did I solicit thee
48:
9916:Novels adapted into radio programs
9567:Battle of sexes in science fiction
8987:Ten Thousand Light-Years from Home
8963:The Kin of Ata Are Waiting for You
5592:Code:Realize β Guardian of Rebirth
5282:Vampire Girl vs. Frankenstein Girl
4266:
3832:. Plymouth: Northcote House, 2000.
3703:Anderson, John (25 January 2022).
3535:from the original on 24 March 2019
3310:
3101:from the original on 16 March 2017
3033:The Cambridge Companion to Shelley
3020:
2918:"Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792β1822)"
2842:from the original on 14 April 2011
2796:HelΓ©ne, JΓΆrg (12 September 2016).
2541:
2455:
2429:
2396:Kennedy, Mave (26 February 2018).
2207:"Lind, James (1736β1812) on JSTOR"
2162:
2027:
1930:
802:The Journal of Religion and Health
283:, where, about a century earlier,
260:, a young scientist who creates a
49:
10012:
9881:British novels adapted into plays
9876:British novels adapted into films
9459:This Is How You Lose the Time War
5868:Frankenstein: The Monster Returns
5075:Hotel Transylvania: Transformania
4408:
4247:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1976.
4230:Mary Shelley: Romance and Reality
3967:Gilbert, Sandra and Susan Gubar.
3616:from the original on 27 July 2018
3212:Approaches to Teaching Shelley's
3155:. Bedford Publishing. p. 3.
2884:Sandy, Mark (20 September 2002).
2099:from the original on 5 April 2019
1791:. Back Bay Books; 20 August 2007.
766:" (1798) with that of innocence.
8820:NEQUA or The Problem of the Ages
8647:
8627:
8607:
8594:
8567:
8547:
8527:
8507:
8487:
8467:
8447:
8427:
8407:
8387:
8367:
8347:
8327:
8307:
8287:
8267:
8247:
8227:
8207:
8187:
8167:
8147:
8127:
8100:
8080:
8060:
8040:
8020:
8000:
7980:
7960:
7940:
7920:
7900:
7880:
7860:
7840:
7820:
7800:
7780:
7760:
7740:
7720:
7700:
7680:
7660:
7640:
7620:
7600:
7580:
7553:
7533:
7513:
7493:
7480:
7460:
7440:
7420:
7400:
7380:
7362:
7342:
7322:
7304:
7286:
7268:
7249:
7236:
7218:
7205:
7186:
7166:
7146:
7126:
7106:
7093:
7080:
7060:
7047:
7029:
7009:
7002:
6986:
6973:
6960:
6947:
6934:
6921:
6908:
6891:
6878:
6865:
6852:
6839:
6826:
6813:
6800:
6787:
6774:
6761:
6748:
6735:
6722:
6709:
6685:
6670:
6657:
6642:
6629:
6614:
6601:
6586:
6580:RenΓ©e Marie Gouraud d'Ablancourt
6573:
6558:
6545:
6530:
6517:
6502:
6489:
6474:
6461:
6437:
6424:
6400:
6376:
6158:
6039:
4453:
4107:. London: Routledge, 2005, ch.5.
3940:University of Pennsylvania Press
3452:. Octc.kctcs.edu. Archived from
2365:Lepore, Jill (5 February 2018).
1940:Lepore, Jill (5 February 2018).
1641:
1627:
1494:novel without further comment".
1015:
1006:
9926:Novels adapted into video games
9627:How to Suppress Women's Writing
9519:Promises Stronger Than Darkness
9467:The Empress of Salt and Fortune
5794:Bernie Wrightson's Frankenstein
5210:Frankenstein's Castle of Freaks
4652:Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man
4105:Literature, Culture and Society
3811:. New York: St. Martin's, 1991.
3696:
3687:
3661:
3572:
3547:
3516:
3499:
3475:Germaine Greer (9 April 2007).
3468:
3442:
3416:
3382:
3348:
3292:
3262:
3231:
3199:
3182:
3169:
3139:
3130:
3117:
3059:
3050:
3010:
3001:
2953:"The real Doctor Frankenstein?"
2944:
2910:
2877:
2866:
2854:
2820:
2789:
2750:
2732:"Afera grabarzy z Frankenstein"
2723:
2689:
2667:
2653:
2636:
2623:
2605:
2575:from the travelling exhibition
2516:
2485:
2467:shelleysghost.bodleian.ox.ac.uk
2420:
2389:
2358:
2349:
2340:
2327:
2288:
2279:
2270:
2261:
2252:
2243:
2231:Marshall, Alan (January 2020).
2224:
2199:
2146:
2111:
2081:
1997:
1972:
1913:
1804:. Oxford University Press, 2002
1597:Frankenstein in popular culture
1403:A variety of different editions
1345:first motion-picture adaptation
953:
756:The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
722:Elements of Chemical Philosophy
709:The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
429:in Germany, his mother dies of
425:Weeks before he leaves for the
397:Victor Frankenstein's narrative
332:. Infused with elements of the
9976:Novels set in the 18th century
9886:British science fiction novels
9481:The Future of Another Timeline
9257:Brown Girl in the Ring (novel)
9043:Houston, Houston, Do You Read?
8690:The Book of the City of Ladies
6181:Sir Percy Shelley, 3rd Baronet
6114:The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck
5584:Hotel Transylvania: The Series
5362:The Great Yokai War: Guardians
5298:Frankenstein: Day of the Beast
4769:Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed
4293:The New Annotated Frankenstein
4275:, "Out of Control" (review of
4071:London, Bette. "Mary Shelley,
4055:University of California Press
3776:Johns Hopkins University Press
3244:Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine
3036:. Cambridge University Press.
2951:Goulding, Christopher (2002).
2158:. University of Chicago Press.
2039:Journal of Religion and Health
1901:
1888:
1885:, New York: Random House, 1957
1875:
1871:– via Project Gutenberg.
1820:
1807:
1794:
1781:
1741:
1709:Gothic aspects in Frankenstein
1459:Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine
1378:
1194:scandal involving gravediggers
807:
13:
1:
9966:Science fiction horror novels
9546:Gender in speculative fiction
9511:The Daughter of Doctor Moreau
9495:Dreams Bigger Than Heartbreak
9332:The Hundred Thousand Kingdoms
9209:Brightness Falls from the Air
9145:Brightness Falls from the Air
5218:Frankenstein Legend of Terror
3882:Eberle-Sinatra, Michael, ed.
3579:Aldiss, Brian Wilson (1995).
2698:"Books: The Man-Made Monster"
1735:
1478:, writing anonymously in the
1329:A Vindication of Natural Diet
1264:, and Richard Fitzalan, 10th
1078:visions and fate in England.
505:, in Scotland. Travelling to
56:Frankenstein (disambiguation)
9856:1810s science fiction novels
9659:The Geek Feminist Revolution
9556:Women in speculative fiction
9488:Victories Greater Than Death
9233:Chroniques du pays des mères
9083:Star Songs of an Old Primate
8971:The Word for World is Forest
8658:
8638:
8618:
8585:
8558:
8538:
8518:
8498:
8478:
8458:
8438:
8418:
8398:
8378:
8358:
8338:
8318:
8298:
8278:
8258:
8238:
8218:
8198:
8178:
8158:
8138:
8118:
8091:
8071:
8051:
8031:
8011:
7991:
7971:
7951:
7931:
7911:
7891:
7871:
7851:
7831:
7811:
7791:
7771:
7751:
7731:
7711:
7691:
7671:
7651:
7631:
7611:
7591:
7571:
7544:
7524:
7504:
7471:
7451:
7431:
7411:
7391:
7372:
7353:
7333:
7314:
7296:
7278:
7259:
7228:
7197:
7177:
7157:
7137:
7117:
7071:
7039:
7020:
6994:
6142:Rambles in Germany and Italy
6058:History of a Six Weeks' Tour
5651:Frankenstein β A New Musical
5449:Frankenstein: The True Story
5122:I Was a Teenage Frankenstein
4347:
4318:
4306:The New York Review of Books
4172:10.1080/02666286.2012.687545
4093:, Chicago: Open Court, 2013.
3899:University of Illinois Press
3238:Scott, Walter (March 1818).
3147:Wollstonecraft Shelley, Mary
2836:, 2 (December, 1976), 23β25"
2556:National Library of Medicine
2498:. Oxford: Bodleian Library.
1787:Hobbler, Dorthy and Thomas.
1591:Films, plays, and television
1443:
1072:From darkness to promote me?
996:film adaptation of the story
949:Frankenstein and the Monster
275:in Germany, and stopping in
205:History of a Six Weeks' Tour
7:
9991:Novels adapted into ballets
9971:Works published anonymously
9742:The Witch and the Chameleon
9185:The Gate to Women's Country
9129:Native Tongue (Elgin novel)
9011:The Girl Who Was Plugged In
8844:Moving the Mountain (novel)
8770:Das Maschinenalter entsteht
5882:Mary Shelley's Frankenstein
5710:Frankenstein's Aunt Returns
5568:The Frankenstein Chronicles
5258:Mary Shelley's Frankenstein
4745:The Revenge of Frankenstein
4463:public domain audiobook at
4385:The epigraph from Milton's
4337:Frankenstein: The 1818 Text
4313:
4127:University of Chicago Press
2696:Gray, Paul (23 July 1979).
2315:. London. 25 September 2011
1620:
1585:series of UK postage stamps
1577:100 most influential novels
544:Captain Walton's conclusion
10:
10017:
9911:Novels adapted into comics
8907:The Haunting of Hill House
6565:Elizabeth Burgoyne Corbett
5928:Universal Classic Monsters
5805:Frankenstein (Dell Comics)
5726:Dean Koontz's Frankenstein
5543:In the Name of the Brother
5521:Mary Shelley's Frankenhole
5338:Frankenstein vs. The Mummy
4777:The Horror of Frankenstein
4761:Frankenstein Created Woman
4204:. London: Cardinal, 1987.
4152:Cambridge University Press
4100:. London: Routledge, 1993.
4086:. New York: Methuen, 1988.
3763:Behrendt, Stephen C., ed.
3735:
3091:Robinson, Charles (1996).
2969:10.1177/014107680209500514
2643:Johnson, Rossiter (1908).
1748:Stableford, Brian (1995).
1594:
1545:first true science-fiction
1232:is on the opening page of
957:
832:caused by the eruption of
642:and her mother famous for
377:on the journey across the
348:
53:
51:1818 novel by Mary Shelley
9951:Novels set in Switzerland
9811:
9785:
9721:
9693:
9611:The Language of the Night
9582:
9533:
9267:
9201:Her Smoke Rose Up Forever
9067:Up the Walls of the World
9035:Woman on the Edge of Time
8947:The Left Hand of Darkness
8811:
8738:
8719:
8700:
8681:
8674:
6701:
6453:
6416:
6392:
6368:
6361:
6270:
6214:
6167:
6156:
6047:
5912:
5845:
5785:
5685:
5602:
5400:
5114:Il mostro di Frankenstein
5089:
5038:
4983:
4957:Scooby-Doo! Frankencreepy
4855:Frankenstein all'italiana
4822:
4812:The War of the Gargantuas
4795:
4737:The Curse of Frankenstein
4726:
4699:Doctor Septimus Pretorius
4686:
4644:The Ghost of Frankenstein
4614:
4605:
4596:
4565:
4443:Frankenstein 1818 edition
4428:Frankenstein 1831 edition
4045:Knoepflmacher, U. C. and
3852:Syracuse University Press
3772:Mary Shelley in Her Times
3760:. London: Reaktion, 1994.
3188:The edition published by
3125:Shelley: An Introduction.
2924:. Department of English,
2891:The Literary Encyclopedia
2495:The Original Frankenstein
2051:10.1007/s10943-006-9030-0
373:, the ship is trapped by
225:
212:
199:
187:
175:
167:
159:
151:
133:
113:
98:
90:
80:
68:
9986:Vegetarianism in fiction
9956:Novels set in the Arctic
9777:Our Opinions Are Correct
9763:Εoku: The Inner Chambers
9541:Feminist science fiction
9436:All the Birds in the Sky
9316:Le GoΓ»t de l'immortalitΓ©
6608:Charlotte Perkins Gilman
6355:Feminist science fiction
5800:Frankenstein (DC Comics)
5178:Dracula vs. Frankenstein
5162:Los Monstruos del Terror
4804:Frankenstein vs. Baragon
4753:The Evil of Frankenstein
4353:Fairclough, Peter (ed.)
3916:(2nd ed.). London:
3864:16 November 2012 at the
3555:"LALEXAND\html\frankqst"
3332:: 379β85. January 1818.
2922:Romantic Natural History
2834:Milton and the Romantics
2180:The Public Domain Review
1910:, Merriam-Webster: 2002.
1752:. In Seed, David (ed.).
1730:
652:. These novels included
475:The Creature's narrative
427:University of Ingolstadt
31:latest accepted revision
9603:Aurora: Beyond Equality
9121:Memoirs of a Spacewoman
9019:The Holdfast Chronicles
8995:The Women Men Don't See
8923:Memoirs of a Spacewoman
6621:Rokeya Sakhawat Hussain
5775:Frankenstein in Baghdad
5314:The Frankenstein Theory
5138:Frankenstein's Daughter
4511:30 January 2018 at the
4326:Frankenstein: 1818 text
4186:Smith, Johanna M., ed.
3951:Science Fiction Studies
3839:. Madison, New Jersey:
3802:Eighteenth-Century Life
3710:The Wall Street Journal
3612:. BBC. 1 January 2018.
3513:critical edition. 1996)
3366:: 432β438. April 1818.
3300:"Review β Frankenstein"
2683:7 November 2015 at the
2582:9 November 2007 at the
2337:, 30β31; Sunstein, 124.
2093:knarf.english.upenn.edu
1927:." Quoted in Spark, 39.
1680:Frankenstein in Baghdad
1184:in Saxony. The town of
913:The group talked about
785:and the experiments of
752:Samuel Taylor Coleridge
704:Samuel Taylor Coleridge
463:. While hiking through
139:; 206 years ago
75:Volume I, first edition
9996:Disability in the arts
9946:Novels set in Scotland
9931:Novels by Mary Shelley
9812:Events and conventions
9793:Sense of Gender Awards
9371:Six Months, Three Days
9249:The Fifth Sacred Thing
8836:Beatrice the Sixteenth
6807:Elisabeth Mann-Borgese
6481:Jane Wells Webb Loudon
6362:Writers by time period
5854:Frankenstein's Monster
5675:Frankenstein's Wedding
5194:Flesh for Frankenstein
5012:Here Come the Munsters
4573:Frankenstein's monster
4500:10 August 2019 at the
4245:Mary Shelley's Monster
4138:Studies in Romanticism
4116:Literature and History
4066:Studies in Romanticism
3999:Hoeveler, Diane Long.
3893:Ellis, Kate Ferguson.
3767:. New York: MLA, 1990.
3400:: 411β414. June 1818.
3056:(Leonard Wolf, p. 20).
2873:Percy Shelley#Ancestry
2595:Shelley, Mary (1818).
2120:Comparative Literature
1513:Critical reception of
1508:Richard Brinsley Peake
1423:Richard Brinsley Peake
1407:A French translation (
1404:
1348:
1198:House of Franckenstein
1132:
1075:
983:
960:Frankenstein's monster
870:
821:
730:François-Félix Nogaret
681:by Mme de Genlis, and
583:
310:In 1816, Mary, Percy,
9936:Novels set in Germany
9871:British horror novels
9866:British Gothic novels
9803:Lambda Literary Award
9737:Forerunner (magazine)
9651:We Have Always Fought
9643:To Write Like a Woman
9217:Beauty (Tepper novel)
8675:Notable works by date
8634:Benjanun Sriduangkaew
8334:Catherynne M. Valente
6967:Sally Miller Gearhart
6303:Thomas Jefferson Hogg
6298:John William Polidori
5489:House of Frankenstein
5409:Tales of Frankenstein
5330:Army of Frankensteins
5290:House of the Wolf Man
5004:The Munsters' Revenge
4709:Bride of Frankenstein
4660:House of Frankenstein
4628:Bride of Frankenstein
4079:108.2 (1993): 256β67.
3818:, UK: Concept, 2011.
2512:on 25 September 2015.
1635:United Kingdom portal
1402:
1338:
1291:The Modern Prometheus
1122:
1107:Bride of Frankenstein
1063:
967:
919:Counter-Enlightenment
865:
826:Year Without a Summer
815:
572:
119:Old Swiss Confederacy
9906:Novels about revenge
9619:More Women of Wonder
9444:The Stars Are Legion
9356:The Alchemy of Stone
9292:Parable of the Sower
9241:The Matter of Seggri
9099:The Vampire Tapestry
9075:The Eye of the Heron
8876:Angel Island (novel)
8793:Unveiling a Parallel
7967:Justine Larbalestier
7275:Lois McMaster Bujold
7133:Chelsea Quinn Yarbro
6915:AngΓ©lica Gorodischer
6846:Françoise d'Eaubonne
6593:Mary E. Bradley Lane
6279:Mounseer Nongtongpaw
6239:Rowing with the Wind
6175:Percy Bysshe Shelley
5970:Frankenstein complex
5959:Johann Konrad Dippel
5954:Promethean dimension
5242:Frankenstein Unbound
5059:Hotel Transylvania 2
4839:Mad Mad Mad Monsters
4490:Percy Bysshe Shelley
4215:Stableford, Brian. "
4140:34.2 (1995): 227β53.
4118:9.2 (1983): 194β213.
4068:30.2 (1991): 255β83.
4027:Studies in Philology
4011:Shelley: The Pursuit
3985:24.1 (1997): 133β58.
3964:67.2 (2000): 565β87.
3953:29.2 (2002): 253β64.
3934:Forry, Steven Earl.
3877:Studies in the Novel
3326:The Quarterly Review
1674:Frankenstein complex
1583:to be featured on a
1567:On 5 November 2019,
1212:Johann Konrad Dippel
1148:means "stone of the
976:in an 1882 issue of
974:Phoenix Park murders
776:Johann Konrad Dippel
689:in Shelley's title.
525:eyewitness testimony
343:refer to the monster
305:Percy Bysshe Shelley
285:Johann Konrad Dippel
10001:Henry Colburn books
9861:1818 British novels
9851:Frankenstein novels
9551:Single-gender world
9534:Genres and concepts
9284:Tales from Earthsea
9161:Golden Days (novel)
9137:The Handmaid's Tale
8931:When I Was Miss Dow
8134:Kelly Sue DeConnick
8067:Charlie Jane Anders
7647:Nicoletta Vallorani
6781:Alice Eleanor Jones
6649:Miriam Allen DeFord
6496:Annie Denton Cridge
6187:Mary Wollstonecraft
6121:The Mortal Immortal
5941:Frankenstein Castle
5694:Frankenstein's Aunt
5643:Joined At The Heart
5465:Struck by Lightning
5354:Victor Frankenstein
5306:Frankenstein's Army
5226:Frankenstein Island
4871:Transylvania 6-5000
4714:Ludwig Frankenstein
4636:Son of Frankenstein
4578:Victor Frankenstein
4475:10 May 2010 at the
4146:Schor, Esther, ed.
3996:2.2 (1983): 155β64.
3804:18.3 (1994): 23β36.
3756:Bann, Stephen, ed.
3642:. 5 November 2019.
3456:on 15 November 2004
1661:authorship question
1575:in its list of the
1562:Patricia MacCormack
1347:of Shelley's story.
1166:Frankenstein Castle
1154:Frankenstein Castle
1131:of the 1831 edition
844:, in Switzerland's
632:Literary influences
599:Mary Jane Clairmont
591:Mary Wollstonecraft
565:Author's background
387:Victor Frankenstein
281:Frankenstein Castle
258:Victor Frankenstein
256:tells the story of
137:1 January 1818
129:; late 18th century
65:
21:Page version status
9941:Bavaria in fiction
9635:A Cyborg Manifesto
9364:The Method (novel)
9059:Egalia's Daughters
8899:Life, Incorporated
8868:That Only a Mother
8254:Kiini Ibura Salaam
7087:Suzy McKee Charnas
6524:Bertha von Suttner
6407:Margaret Cavendish
6383:Christine de Pizan
6288:in popular culture
5936:in popular culture
5920:Gothic aspects in
5837:Young Frankenstein
5718:Frankenstein's Cat
5659:Young Frankenstein
5473:The Munsters Today
5051:Hotel Transylvania
5041:Hotel Transylvania
4941:The Bride of Gingy
4847:Young Frankenstein
4831:Mad Monster Party?
4227:Sunstein, Emily W.
4089:Michaud, Nicolas,
3888:St. Martin's Press
3781:Bennett, Betty T.
3360:The British Critic
3274:La Belle AssemblΓ©e
2863:, pp. 496β97.
2769:Day, A.J. (2005).
2565:on 4 December 2006
1921:Journal 6 December
1813:Seymour, Miranda.
1689:in popular culture
1553:Guillermo del Toro
1476:John Wilson Croker
1465:La Belle AssemblΓ©e
1405:
1364:Prometheus Unbound
1349:
1133:
984:
822:
760:William Wordsworth
584:
330:English literature
63:
27:
9981:1818 debut novels
9896:Epistolary novels
9833:
9832:
9587:critiques by year
9529:
9528:
9377:Ancillary Justice
9153:A Door into Ocean
8939:Aye, and Gomorrah
8915:A Wrinkle in Time
8709:The Blazing World
8670:
8669:
7667:Maureen F. McHugh
7349:L. Timmel Duchamp
7256:JoΓ«lle Wintrebert
7243:Octavia E. Butler
7225:Elizabeth A. Lynn
6941:Ursula K. Le Guin
6820:Madeleine L'Engle
6768:James Tiptree Jr.
6431:Marie-Anne Robert
6369:14thβ15th century
6321:
6320:
6007:
6006:
5508:(2004 miniseries)
5396:
5395:
5170:Lady Frankenstein
5130:Frankenstein 1970
5106:Life Without Soul
5085:
5084:
4996:Munster, Go Home!
4973:Lisa Frankenstein
4879:The Monster Squad
4722:
4721:
4704:Wolf Frankenstein
4588:Elizabeth Lavenza
4448:Project Gutenberg
4433:Project Gutenberg
4297:Leslie S. Klinger
4250:Veeder, William.
3927:978-1-861-05033-5
3879:6 (1974): 408β17.
3846:Donawerth, Jane.
3592:978-0-8156-2681-7
2926:Dickinson College
2782:978-1-4116-5291-0
2759:, pp. 48β92.
2505:978-1-851-24396-9
1883:Comfortable Words
1800:Garrett, Martin.
1719:John Murray Spear
1373:Benjamin Franklin
1316:, or believer in
1286:Modern Prometheus
1260:, 1st Baronet of
1158:Burg Frankenstein
1125:Theodor von Holst
726:French Revolution
692:The influence of
457:mountain climbing
420:Elizabeth Lavenza
409:, into a wealthy
241:
240:
160:Publication place
127:Holy Roman Empire
109:, science fiction
39:25 September 2024
18:
10008:
9575:
9452:
9416:The Obelisk Gate
9400:The Fifth Season
9003:The Dispossessed
8892:
8679:
8678:
8662:
8660:
8652:
8651:
8642:
8640:
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8272:
8271:
8262:
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8242:
8240:
8232:
8231:
8222:
8220:
8214:Sheree R. Thomas
8212:
8211:
8202:
8200:
8192:
8191:
8182:
8180:
8172:
8171:
8162:
8160:
8152:
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8142:
8140:
8132:
8131:
8122:
8120:
8115:
8107:Barbara Kirchner
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8085:
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7965:
7964:
7955:
7953:
7945:
7944:
7935:
7933:
7925:
7924:
7915:
7913:
7907:Catherine Dufour
7905:
7904:
7895:
7893:
7885:
7884:
7875:
7873:
7865:
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7855:
7853:
7845:
7844:
7835:
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7825:
7824:
7815:
7813:
7805:
7804:
7795:
7793:
7787:Gabriela Bustelo
7785:
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7526:
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7508:
7506:
7500:Joan Slonczewski
7498:
7497:
7485:
7484:
7475:
7473:
7465:
7464:
7455:
7453:
7445:
7444:
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7424:
7415:
7413:
7405:
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7395:
7393:
7385:
7384:
7376:
7374:
7369:Charlotte Kerner
7367:
7366:
7357:
7355:
7347:
7346:
7337:
7335:
7329:Karen Joy Fowler
7327:
7326:
7318:
7316:
7309:
7308:
7300:
7298:
7293:Dubravka UgreΕ‘iΔ
7291:
7290:
7282:
7280:
7273:
7272:
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7254:
7253:
7241:
7240:
7232:
7230:
7223:
7222:
7210:
7209:
7201:
7199:
7191:
7190:
7181:
7179:
7173:Samuel R. Delany
7171:
7170:
7161:
7159:
7151:
7150:
7141:
7139:
7131:
7130:
7121:
7119:
7113:Gerd Brantenberg
7111:
7110:
7098:
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7051:
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6978:
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6939:
6938:
6926:
6925:
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6912:
6896:
6895:
6883:
6882:
6870:
6869:
6859:Carol Emshwiller
6857:
6856:
6844:
6843:
6833:Marlen Haushofer
6831:
6830:
6818:
6817:
6805:
6804:
6792:
6791:
6779:
6778:
6766:
6765:
6753:
6752:
6740:
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6727:
6726:
6714:
6713:
6692:L. Taylor Hansen
6690:
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6428:
6405:
6404:
6381:
6380:
6366:
6365:
6348:
6341:
6334:
6325:
6324:
6313:Frankenstein Day
6205:Claire Clairmont
6162:
6161:
6034:
6027:
6020:
6011:
6010:
5966:(radio stations)
5946:Frankenstein Day
5811:Doc Frankenstein
5560:Frankenstein, MD
5529:Once Upon a Time
5186:Frankenstein '80
4981:
4980:
4668:House of Dracula
4612:
4611:
4607:Universal series
4603:
4602:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4523:
4522:
4457:
4456:
4450:
4435:
4341:Charlotte Gordon
4257:Williams, Anne.
4183:
4160:Word & Image
4103:Milner, Andrew.
4082:Mellor, Anne K.
4042:
3988:Hodges, Devon. "
3983:Critical Inquiry
3938:. Philadelphia:
3931:
3915:
3749:Baldick, Chris.
3730:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3700:
3694:
3691:
3685:
3684:
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3296:
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3266:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3203:
3197:
3186:
3180:
3179:classic edition.
3177:Barnes and Noble
3173:
3167:
3166:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3108:
3106:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3071:royalsociety.org
3063:
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3027:
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2716:
2693:
2687:
2675:2008 edition of
2671:
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2651:
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2640:
2634:
2627:
2621:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2592:
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2572:
2570:
2564:
2553:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2508:. Archived from
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2433:
2427:
2424:
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2256:
2250:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2237:The Conversation
2228:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2211:plants.jstor.org
2203:
2197:
2196:
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1774:
1745:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1637:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1481:Quarterly Review
1354:Prometheus Bound
1172:, a town in the
1123:Illustration by
1019:
1010:
994:'s popular 1931
931:Bodleian Library
900:, and from this
738:
607:Claire Clairmont
580:Richard Rothwell
512:a race of beings
389:from a drifting
213:Followed by
200:Preceded by
191:
147:
145:
140:
73:
66:
62:
10016:
10015:
10011:
10010:
10009:
10007:
10006:
10005:
9961:Romantic novels
9836:
9835:
9834:
9829:
9807:
9798:Otherwise Award
9781:
9729:
9727:
9725:
9723:
9717:
9689:
9595:Women of Wonder
9586:
9584:
9578:
9569:
9525:
9446:
9340:Who Fears Death
9263:
8979:When It Changed
8886:
8828:Sultana's Dream
8807:
8734:
8715:
8696:
8666:
8657:
8646:
8637:
8626:
8617:
8606:
8601:Floriane Soulas
8593:
8584:
8576:
8574:Nadia Chonville
8566:
8557:
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8537:
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8039:
8030:
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7990:
7979:
7970:
7959:
7950:
7947:Virginia Bergin
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7879:
7870:
7867:Heidrun JΓ€nchen
7859:
7850:
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7779:
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7767:Nicola Griffith
7759:
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7710:
7699:
7690:
7679:
7670:
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7650:
7639:
7630:
7619:
7610:
7607:Ninni Holmqvist
7599:
7590:
7579:
7570:
7562:
7560:Luce Basseterre
7552:
7543:
7532:
7523:
7512:
7503:
7492:
7479:
7470:
7459:
7450:
7439:
7430:
7427:Marleen S. Barr
7419:
7410:
7407:StΓ©phanie Nicot
7399:
7390:
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7371:
7361:
7352:
7341:
7332:
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7153:Eleanor Arnason
7145:
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7067:Margaret Atwood
7059:
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7008:
7001:
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6954:Sheri S. Tepper
6946:
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6907:
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6851:
6838:
6825:
6812:
6799:
6794:Shirley Jackson
6786:
6773:
6760:
6747:
6742:Leslie F. Stone
6734:
6721:
6708:
6697:
6684:
6669:
6664:Aurora Bertrana
6656:
6641:
6628:
6613:
6600:
6585:
6572:
6557:
6544:
6529:
6516:
6509:Rhoda Broughton
6501:
6488:
6473:
6460:
6449:
6436:
6423:
6412:
6399:
6388:
6375:
6357:
6352:
6322:
6317:
6266:
6210:
6163:
6159:
6154:
6043:
6038:
6008:
6003:
5991:" (1988 single)
5984:" (1973 single)
5908:
5841:
5781:
5681:
5598:
5433:Groovie Goolies
5392:
5322:I, Frankenstein
5081:
5034:
4979:
4818:
4791:
4718:
4682:
4592:
4561:
4550:
4513:Wayback Machine
4502:Wayback Machine
4477:Wayback Machine
4454:
4440:
4425:
4421:Standard Ebooks
4411:
4379:
4350:
4321:
4316:
4287:, 277 pp.; and
4269:
4267:Further reading
4264:
4243:Tropp, Martin.
4096:Miles, Robert.
4007:Holmes, Richard
3928:
3866:Wayback Machine
3807:Botting, Fred.
3738:
3733:
3723:
3721:
3701:
3697:
3692:
3688:
3678:
3676:
3673:Yorkpress.co.uk
3667:
3666:
3662:
3649:
3647:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3619:
3617:
3608:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3577:
3573:
3563:
3561:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3538:
3536:
3521:
3517:
3504:
3500:
3490:
3488:
3473:
3469:
3459:
3457:
3448:
3447:
3443:
3433:
3431:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3407:
3405:
3388:
3387:
3383:
3373:
3371:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3339:
3337:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3283:
3281:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3251:
3236:
3232:
3225:
3204:
3200:
3190:Forgotten Books
3187:
3183:
3175:See forward to
3174:
3170:
3163:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3131:
3122:
3118:
3104:
3102:
3089:
3085:
3075:
3073:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3051:
3044:
3028:
3021:
3015:
3011:
3006:
3002:
2949:
2945:
2935:
2933:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2882:
2878:
2871:
2867:
2859:
2855:
2845:
2843:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2811:
2809:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2767:
2763:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2739:
2728:
2724:
2714:
2712:
2694:
2690:
2685:Wayback Machine
2672:
2668:
2658:
2654:
2641:
2637:
2628:
2624:
2610:
2606:
2593:
2589:
2584:Wayback Machine
2568:
2566:
2562:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2532:
2530:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2506:
2490:
2486:
2476:
2474:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2446:
2444:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2411:
2409:
2394:
2390:
2380:
2378:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2350:
2345:
2341:
2335:An Introduction
2332:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2293:
2289:
2284:
2280:
2275:
2271:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2248:
2244:
2229:
2225:
2215:
2213:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2190:
2188:
2167:
2163:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2132:10.2307/1769997
2116:
2112:
2102:
2100:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2035:
2028:
2018:
2016:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1938:
1931:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1893:
1889:
1880:
1876:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1852:
1842:
1840:
1825:
1821:
1812:
1808:
1799:
1795:
1786:
1782:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1603:
1595:Main articles:
1593:
1446:
1434:Richard Bentley
1381:
1288:
1266:Earl of Arundel
1138:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1012:
1011:
970:Fenian movement
962:
956:
951:
854:Fantasmagoriana
830:volcanic winter
810:
772:Giovanni Aldini
732:
634:
567:
546:
499:
477:
399:
367:epistolary form
356:
351:
180:
143:
141:
138:
76:
59:
52:
47:
46:
45:
44:
43:
42:
26:
12:
11:
5:
10014:
10004:
10003:
9998:
9993:
9988:
9983:
9978:
9973:
9968:
9963:
9958:
9953:
9948:
9943:
9938:
9933:
9928:
9923:
9918:
9913:
9908:
9903:
9898:
9893:
9891:Censored books
9888:
9883:
9878:
9873:
9868:
9863:
9858:
9853:
9848:
9831:
9830:
9828:
9827:
9821:
9815:
9813:
9809:
9808:
9806:
9805:
9800:
9795:
9789:
9787:
9783:
9782:
9780:
9779:
9774:
9766:
9759:
9754:
9749:
9747:Aqueduct Press
9744:
9739:
9733:
9731:
9719:
9718:
9716:
9715:
9712:Jirel of Joiry
9709:
9704:
9697:
9695:
9691:
9690:
9688:
9687:
9679:
9671:
9663:
9655:
9647:
9639:
9631:
9623:
9615:
9607:
9599:
9590:
9588:
9580:
9579:
9577:
9576:
9564:
9558:
9553:
9548:
9543:
9537:
9535:
9531:
9530:
9527:
9526:
9524:
9523:
9515:
9507:
9499:
9491:
9485:
9477:
9471:
9463:
9455:
9440:
9432:
9426:
9420:
9412:
9404:
9396:
9392:The Automation
9388:
9380:
9374:
9368:
9360:
9352:
9344:
9336:
9328:
9320:
9312:
9304:
9300:Bu Bu Jing Xin
9296:
9288:
9280:
9271:
9269:
9265:
9264:
9262:
9261:
9253:
9245:
9237:
9229:
9225:He, She and It
9221:
9213:
9205:
9197:
9189:
9181:
9177:Rachel in Love
9173:
9169:Lilith's Brood
9165:
9157:
9149:
9141:
9133:
9125:
9117:
9111:
9103:
9095:
9087:
9079:
9071:
9063:
9055:
9051:The Female Man
9047:
9039:
9031:
9027:The Female Man
9023:
9015:
9007:
8999:
8991:
8983:
8975:
8967:
8959:
8955:And Chaos Died
8951:
8943:
8935:
8927:
8919:
8911:
8903:
8895:
8880:
8872:
8864:
8856:
8848:
8840:
8832:
8824:
8815:
8813:
8809:
8808:
8806:
8805:
8797:
8789:
8781:
8773:
8767:
8759:
8751:
8742:
8740:
8736:
8735:
8733:
8732:
8723:
8721:
8717:
8716:
8714:
8713:
8704:
8702:
8698:
8697:
8695:
8694:
8685:
8683:
8676:
8672:
8671:
8668:
8667:
8665:
8664:
8644:
8624:
8614:Xiran Jay Zhao
8604:
8591:
8564:
8544:
8524:
8504:
8494:Becky Chambers
8484:
8474:Theresa Hannig
8464:
8444:
8434:Amal El-Mohtar
8424:
8404:
8384:
8374:Judith C. Vogt
8364:
8354:Kameron Hurley
8344:
8324:
8314:Nnedi Okorafor
8304:
8284:
8264:
8244:
8224:
8204:
8184:
8174:Fumi Yoshinaga
8164:
8144:
8124:
8097:
8077:
8057:
8047:Annalee Newitz
8037:
8017:
7997:
7977:
7957:
7937:
7917:
7897:
7887:Tananarive Due
7877:
7857:
7837:
7817:
7797:
7777:
7757:
7747:Nalo Hopkinson
7737:
7717:
7697:
7677:
7657:
7637:
7617:
7597:
7587:Rieko Matsuura
7577:
7550:
7540:Laura J. Mixon
7530:
7510:
7490:
7487:Montse Watkins
7477:
7457:
7437:
7417:
7397:
7377:
7359:
7339:
7319:
7301:
7283:
7265:
7246:
7233:
7215:
7212:Rachel Pollack
7202:
7183:
7163:
7143:
7123:
7103:
7100:Jutta Heinrich
7090:
7077:
7057:
7044:
7026:
6999:
6983:
6970:
6957:
6944:
6931:
6918:
6905:
6888:
6875:
6862:
6849:
6836:
6823:
6810:
6797:
6784:
6771:
6758:
6745:
6732:
6729:Stella Gibbons
6719:
6705:
6703:
6699:
6698:
6696:
6695:
6681:
6680:
6667:
6653:
6652:
6639:
6625:
6624:
6611:
6597:
6596:
6583:
6569:
6568:
6555:
6541:
6540:
6537:Auguste Groner
6527:
6513:
6512:
6499:
6485:
6484:
6471:
6457:
6455:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6447:
6434:
6420:
6418:
6414:
6413:
6411:
6410:
6396:
6394:
6390:
6389:
6387:
6386:
6372:
6370:
6363:
6359:
6358:
6351:
6350:
6343:
6336:
6328:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6282:
6274:
6272:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6264:
6259:
6251:
6247:Haunted Summer
6243:
6235:
6227:
6218:
6216:
6212:
6211:
6209:
6208:
6202:
6196:
6193:William Godwin
6190:
6184:
6178:
6171:
6169:
6165:
6164:
6157:
6155:
6153:
6152:
6145:
6138:
6131:
6124:
6117:
6110:
6103:
6096:
6089:
6082:
6075:
6068:
6061:
6053:
6051:
6045:
6044:
6037:
6036:
6029:
6022:
6014:
6005:
6004:
6002:
6001:
5995:Frankenstein (
5992:
5985:
5978:
5972:
5967:
5961:
5956:
5952:Frankenstein's
5948:
5943:
5938:
5930:
5925:
5916:
5914:
5910:
5909:
5907:
5906:
5899:
5892:
5885:
5878:
5871:
5864:
5857:
5849:
5847:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5839:
5834:
5832:(Prize Comics)
5826:
5821:
5814:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5761:
5753:
5749:Dead and Alive
5745:
5737:
5722:
5714:
5706:
5702:Gothic Romance
5698:
5689:
5687:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5679:
5671:
5663:
5655:
5647:
5639:
5631:
5623:
5615:
5606:
5604:
5600:
5599:
5597:
5596:
5588:
5580:
5572:
5564:
5556:
5552:Penny Dreadful
5548:
5547:
5546:
5539:
5525:
5517:
5509:
5501:
5500:(2004 TV film)
5493:
5485:
5477:
5469:
5461:
5453:
5445:
5437:
5429:
5421:
5413:
5404:
5402:
5398:
5397:
5394:
5393:
5391:
5390:
5382:
5374:
5366:
5358:
5350:
5342:
5334:
5326:
5318:
5310:
5302:
5294:
5286:
5278:
5270:
5262:
5254:
5246:
5238:
5230:
5222:
5214:
5206:
5198:
5190:
5182:
5174:
5166:
5158:
5150:
5142:
5134:
5126:
5118:
5110:
5102:
5093:
5091:
5087:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5079:
5071:
5063:
5055:
5046:
5044:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5024:
5016:
5008:
5000:
4991:
4989:
4978:
4977:
4969:
4965:Monster Family
4961:
4953:
4945:
4937:
4929:
4921:
4915:
4907:
4899:
4891:
4883:
4875:
4867:
4859:
4851:
4843:
4835:
4826:
4824:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4808:
4799:
4797:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4781:
4773:
4765:
4757:
4749:
4741:
4732:
4730:
4724:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4717:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4690:
4688:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4672:
4664:
4656:
4648:
4640:
4632:
4624:
4615:
4609:
4600:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4583:Doctor Waldman
4580:
4575:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4549:
4548:
4541:
4534:
4526:
4520:
4519:
4492:
4479:
4467:
4451:
4438:
4436:
4423:
4410:
4409:External links
4407:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4390:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4373:
4364:Shelley, Mary
4362:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4335:Shelley, Mary
4333:
4330:Marilyn Butler
4324:Shelley, Mary
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4310:
4273:Richard Holmes
4268:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4241:
4224:
4213:
4195:
4184:
4155:
4144:
4141:
4130:
4121:Poovey, Mary.
4119:
4108:
4101:
4094:
4087:
4080:
4069:
4058:
4043:
4033:(3): 488β519.
4022:
4004:
3997:
3986:
3975:
3972:
3965:
3954:
3943:
3932:
3926:
3906:Florescu, Radu
3902:
3891:
3880:
3869:
3855:
3844:
3833:
3826:
3824:978-1480047617
3812:
3805:
3794:
3779:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3695:
3686:
3675:. 9 April 2021
3660:
3627:
3598:
3591:
3571:
3546:
3515:
3498:
3467:
3441:
3426:. Enotes.com.
3415:
3396:. New Series.
3381:
3362:. New Series.
3347:
3309:
3291:
3261:
3230:
3223:
3198:
3181:
3168:
3162:978-0312227623
3161:
3138:
3129:
3116:
3083:
3058:
3049:
3042:
3019:
3009:
3000:
2963:(5): 257β259.
2943:
2909:
2876:
2865:
2853:
2819:
2788:
2781:
2761:
2749:
2722:
2688:
2666:
2652:
2635:
2622:
2604:
2587:
2540:
2515:
2504:
2484:
2454:
2428:
2419:
2388:
2371:The New Yorker
2357:
2348:
2346:Sunstein, 117.
2339:
2326:
2300:
2287:
2278:
2269:
2260:
2251:
2249:Sunstein, 118.
2242:
2223:
2198:
2161:
2145:
2110:
2080:
2026:
1996:
1971:
1946:The New Yorker
1929:
1912:
1900:
1894:Bryan Garner,
1887:
1881:Bergen Evans,
1874:
1850:
1827:McGasko, Joe.
1819:
1806:
1793:
1780:
1767:978-0815626404
1766:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1724:List of dreams
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1683:
1676:
1671:
1663:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1638:
1622:
1619:
1592:
1589:
1551:Film director
1523:Germaine Greer
1490:British Critic
1445:
1442:
1438:Anne K. Mellor
1390:William Godwin
1380:
1377:
1371:who described
1341:Edison Studios
1287:
1284:
1258:Bysshe Shelley
1137:
1134:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1049:Garden of Eden
1024:
1023:
1014:
1013:
1005:
1004:
1003:
1002:
1001:
958:Main article:
955:
952:
950:
947:
809:
806:
783:Erasmus Darwin
633:
630:
614:summer of 1816
595:William Godwin
566:
563:
545:
542:
498:
495:
490:South American
476:
473:
444:charnel houses
398:
395:
355:
352:
350:
347:
239:
238:
227:
223:
222:
214:
210:
209:
201:
197:
196:
193:
185:
184:
181:
176:
173:
172:
169:
165:
164:
161:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
135:
131:
130:
123:Russian Empire
115:
111:
110:
107:horror fiction
100:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
74:
50:
28:
22:
19:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10013:
10002:
9999:
9997:
9994:
9992:
9989:
9987:
9984:
9982:
9979:
9977:
9974:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9957:
9954:
9952:
9949:
9947:
9944:
9942:
9939:
9937:
9934:
9932:
9929:
9927:
9924:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9901:Frame stories
9899:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9882:
9879:
9877:
9874:
9872:
9869:
9867:
9864:
9862:
9859:
9857:
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9350:
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9325:
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9318:
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9230:
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9210:
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9146:
9142:
9139:
9138:
9134:
9131:
9130:
9126:
9123:
9122:
9118:
9115:
9114:Souls (story)
9112:
9109:
9108:
9104:
9101:
9100:
9096:
9093:
9092:
9088:
9085:
9084:
9080:
9077:
9076:
9072:
9069:
9068:
9064:
9061:
9060:
9056:
9053:
9052:
9048:
9045:
9044:
9040:
9037:
9036:
9032:
9029:
9028:
9024:
9021:
9020:
9016:
9013:
9012:
9008:
9005:
9004:
9000:
8997:
8996:
8992:
8989:
8988:
8984:
8981:
8980:
8976:
8973:
8972:
8968:
8965:
8964:
8960:
8957:
8956:
8952:
8949:
8948:
8944:
8941:
8940:
8936:
8933:
8932:
8928:
8925:
8924:
8920:
8917:
8916:
8912:
8909:
8908:
8904:
8901:
8900:
8896:
8893:
8890:
8885:
8884:Survival Ship
8881:
8878:
8877:
8873:
8870:
8869:
8865:
8862:
8861:
8857:
8854:
8853:
8849:
8846:
8845:
8841:
8838:
8837:
8833:
8830:
8829:
8825:
8822:
8821:
8817:
8816:
8814:
8810:
8803:
8802:
8798:
8795:
8794:
8790:
8787:
8786:
8782:
8779:
8778:
8774:
8771:
8768:
8765:
8764:
8760:
8757:
8756:
8752:
8749:
8748:
8744:
8743:
8741:
8737:
8730:
8729:
8725:
8724:
8722:
8718:
8711:
8710:
8706:
8705:
8703:
8699:
8692:
8691:
8687:
8686:
8684:
8680:
8677:
8673:
8655:
8654:Vandana Singh
8650:
8645:
8635:
8630:
8625:
8615:
8610:
8605:
8602:
8597:
8592:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8555:
8554:Akwaeke Emezi
8550:
8545:
8535:
8530:
8525:
8515:
8510:
8505:
8495:
8490:
8485:
8475:
8470:
8465:
8455:
8450:
8445:
8435:
8430:
8425:
8415:
8410:
8405:
8395:
8390:
8385:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8315:
8310:
8305:
8295:
8290:
8285:
8275:
8274:Sabrina Calvo
8270:
8265:
8255:
8250:
8245:
8235:
8230:
8225:
8215:
8210:
8205:
8195:
8194:N. K. Jemisin
8190:
8185:
8175:
8170:
8165:
8155:
8150:
8145:
8135:
8130:
8125:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8068:
8063:
8058:
8048:
8043:
8038:
8028:
8023:
8018:
8008:
8007:Yumiko Shirai
8003:
7998:
7988:
7983:
7978:
7968:
7963:
7958:
7948:
7943:
7938:
7928:
7923:
7918:
7908:
7903:
7898:
7888:
7883:
7878:
7868:
7863:
7858:
7848:
7843:
7838:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7788:
7783:
7778:
7768:
7763:
7758:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7728:
7727:Melissa Scott
7723:
7718:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7688:
7683:
7678:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7648:
7643:
7638:
7628:
7623:
7618:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7541:
7536:
7531:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7468:
7467:Ellen Kushner
7463:
7458:
7448:
7443:
7438:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7388:
7387:Leigh Kennedy
7383:
7378:
7370:
7365:
7360:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7294:
7289:
7284:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7244:
7239:
7234:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7194:
7193:Donna Haraway
7189:
7184:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7101:
7096:
7091:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7037:
7032:
7027:
7017:
7012:
7005:
7000:
6989:
6984:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6903:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6886:
6885:Judith Merril
6881:
6876:
6873:
6872:Virginia Kidd
6868:
6863:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6821:
6816:
6811:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6706:
6704:
6700:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6682:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6654:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6626:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6598:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6570:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6542:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6514:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6486:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6458:
6456:
6452:
6445:
6444:Mary Griffith
6440:
6435:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6415:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6397:
6395:
6391:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6373:
6371:
6367:
6364:
6360:
6356:
6349:
6344:
6342:
6337:
6335:
6330:
6329:
6326:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6308:Villa Diodati
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6287:
6283:
6281:
6280:
6276:
6275:
6273:
6269:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6256:
6252:
6250:
6248:
6244:
6242:
6240:
6236:
6234:
6232:
6228:
6225:
6224:
6223:Bloody Poetry
6220:
6219:
6217:
6213:
6206:
6203:
6201:(half-sister)
6200:
6197:
6194:
6191:
6188:
6185:
6182:
6179:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6166:
6151:
6150:
6146:
6144:
6143:
6139:
6137:
6136:
6132:
6130:
6129:
6125:
6122:
6118:
6116:
6115:
6111:
6109:
6108:
6104:
6101:
6097:
6095:
6094:
6090:
6088:
6087:
6083:
6081:
6080:
6076:
6074:
6073:
6069:
6067:
6066:
6062:
6060:
6059:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6050:
6046:
6042:
6035:
6030:
6028:
6023:
6021:
6016:
6015:
6012:
6000:
5998:
5993:
5990:
5986:
5983:
5979:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5953:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5935:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5923:
5918:
5917:
5915:
5911:
5905:
5904:
5903:Code: Realize
5900:
5898:
5897:
5893:
5891:
5890:
5886:
5884:
5883:
5879:
5877:
5876:
5872:
5870:
5869:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5858:
5856:
5855:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5844:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5831:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5795:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5784:
5777:
5776:
5772:
5767:
5766:
5765:The Dead Town
5762:
5759:
5758:
5754:
5751:
5750:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5741:City of Night
5738:
5735:
5734:
5730:
5729:
5728:
5727:
5723:
5720:
5719:
5715:
5712:
5711:
5707:
5704:
5703:
5699:
5696:
5695:
5691:
5690:
5688:
5684:
5677:
5676:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5664:
5661:
5660:
5656:
5653:
5652:
5648:
5645:
5644:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5632:
5629:
5628:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5608:
5607:
5605:
5601:
5594:
5593:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5581:
5578:
5577:
5576:Second Chance
5573:
5570:
5569:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5557:
5554:
5553:
5549:
5544:
5540:
5537:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5530:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5486:
5483:
5482:
5481:Monster Force
5478:
5475:
5474:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5457:Monster Squad
5454:
5451:
5450:
5446:
5443:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5430:
5427:
5426:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5405:
5403:
5399:
5388:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5379:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5367:
5364:
5363:
5359:
5356:
5355:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5327:
5324:
5323:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5311:
5308:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5295:
5292:
5291:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5263:
5260:
5259:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5135:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5095:
5094:
5092:
5088:
5077:
5076:
5072:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5061:
5060:
5056:
5053:
5052:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5043:
5042:
5037:
5030:
5029:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5009:
5006:
5005:
5001:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4988:
4987:
4982:
4975:
4974:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4962:
4959:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4950:
4949:Frankenweenie
4946:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4922:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4908:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4889:
4888:
4887:Frankenhooker
4884:
4881:
4880:
4876:
4873:
4872:
4868:
4865:
4864:
4863:Frankenweenie
4860:
4857:
4856:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4814:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4794:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4766:
4763:
4762:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4742:
4739:
4738:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4729:
4728:Hammer series
4725:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4685:
4678:
4677:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4625:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4595:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4564:
4560:
4559:
4554:
4547:
4542:
4540:
4535:
4533:
4528:
4527:
4524:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4487:
4485:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4462:
4461:
4452:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4430:
4429:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4412:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4387:Paradise Lost
4384:
4383:
4382:
4371:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4351:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4322:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4260:
4256:
4253:
4249:
4246:
4242:
4239:
4238:0-8018-4218-2
4235:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4211:
4210:0-7474-0318-X
4207:
4203:
4199:
4198:Spark, Muriel
4196:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4166:(2): 206β32.
4165:
4161:
4156:
4153:
4150:. Cambridge:
4149:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4081:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4047:George Levine
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4023:
4020:
4019:0-00-720458-2
4016:
4012:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3966:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3923:
3919:
3914:
3913:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3863:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3831:
3828:Clery, E. J.
3827:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3810:
3806:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3791:0-8018-5976-X
3788:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3774:. Baltimore:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3711:
3706:
3699:
3690:
3674:
3670:
3664:
3657:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3631:
3615:
3611:
3605:
3603:
3594:
3588:
3584:
3583:
3575:
3560:
3556:
3550:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3519:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3471:
3455:
3451:
3445:
3429:
3425:
3419:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3385:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3321:
3313:
3305:
3301:
3295:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3265:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3234:
3226:
3224:0-87352-539-6
3220:
3216:
3213:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3194:Vintage Books
3191:
3185:
3178:
3172:
3164:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3133:
3126:
3120:
3113:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3087:
3072:
3068:
3062:
3053:
3045:
3043:9781139827072
3039:
3035:
3034:
3026:
3024:
3013:
3004:
2996:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2913:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2880:
2874:
2869:
2862:
2857:
2841:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2823:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2792:
2784:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2765:
2758:
2757:Florescu 1996
2753:
2737:
2733:
2726:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2692:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2670:
2663:
2662:
2656:
2648:
2647:
2639:
2632:
2626:
2619:
2618:
2617:Paradise Lost
2613:
2608:
2601:(1 ed.).
2600:
2599:
2591:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2561:
2557:
2550:
2544:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2511:
2507:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2488:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2423:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2361:
2352:
2343:
2336:
2330:
2314:
2310:
2304:
2297:
2291:
2282:
2273:
2264:
2255:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2174:
2165:
2157:
2156:
2149:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2126:(2): 97β108.
2125:
2121:
2114:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2045:(3): 419β39.
2044:
2040:
2033:
2031:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1934:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1909:
1904:
1897:
1891:
1884:
1878:
1863:
1857:
1855:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1823:
1816:
1810:
1803:
1797:
1790:
1784:
1769:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1744:
1740:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1704:Gothic (film)
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1644:
1639:
1636:
1625:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1611:Boris Karloff
1608:
1602:
1598:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1460:
1456:, writing in
1455:
1450:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1430:Henry Colburn
1426:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1401:
1397:
1395:
1394:triple-decker
1391:
1386:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1369:Immanuel Kant
1366:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1346:
1343:released the
1342:
1337:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1324:Joseph Ritson
1321:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1262:Castle Goring
1259:
1253:
1251:
1250:Paradise Lost
1247:
1243:
1242:Paradise Lost
1239:
1238:Paradise Lost
1235:
1231:
1230:Paradise Lost
1227:
1223:
1222:
1221:Paradise Lost
1216:
1213:
1209:
1208:Radu Florescu
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1178:Bad Salzungen
1175:
1171:
1167:
1164:, Hesse, and
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1094:David Lindsay
1091:
1090:
1085:
1084:Edith Wharton
1079:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1058:Paradise Lost
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1028:
1018:
1009:
1000:
997:
993:
989:
981:
980:
975:
971:
966:
961:
946:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
923:
920:
916:
915:Enlightenment
911:
909:
908:
903:
902:John Polidori
899:
895:
890:
888:
884:
880:
874:
869:
864:
862:
857:
855:
849:
847:
843:
839:
838:Villa Diodati
835:
834:Mount Tambora
831:
827:
819:
814:
805:
803:
799:
794:
792:
788:
787:Luigi Galvani
784:
779:
777:
773:
767:
765:
764:Tintern Abbey
761:
757:
753:
749:
744:
742:
736:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
710:
705:
701:
700:
699:Paradise Lost
695:
690:
688:
684:
680:
678:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
656:
651:
647:
646:
641:
640:
629:
627:
623:
622:John Polidori
619:
615:
610:
608:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
581:
577:
576:
571:
562:
560:
554:
552:
541:
539:
535:
529:
526:
522:
516:
513:
508:
504:
494:
491:
486:
483:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
452:
449:
445:
441:
436:
432:
431:scarlet fever
428:
423:
421:
417:
412:
408:
404:
394:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
346:
344:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
321:
317:
313:
312:John Polidori
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
266:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
246:
237:
233:
232:
228:
224:
221:
219:
215:
211:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
192:
190:LC Class
186:
182:
179:
178:Dewey Decimal
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
101:
97:
93:
89:
86:
83:
79:
72:
67:
61:
57:
40:
36:
32:
25:
20:
9846:Frankenstein
9768:
9761:
9757:Bitch Planet
9681:
9673:
9665:
9657:
9649:
9641:
9633:
9625:
9617:
9609:
9601:
9593:
9585:anthologies,
9517:
9509:
9501:
9493:
9479:
9465:
9457:
9442:
9434:
9428:
9422:
9414:
9406:
9398:
9390:
9384:Scale-Bright
9382:
9362:
9354:
9346:
9338:
9330:
9322:
9314:
9306:
9298:
9290:
9282:
9274:
9268:21st century
9255:
9247:
9239:
9231:
9223:
9215:
9207:
9199:
9191:
9183:
9175:
9167:
9159:
9151:
9143:
9135:
9127:
9119:
9105:
9097:
9089:
9081:
9073:
9065:
9057:
9049:
9041:
9033:
9025:
9017:
9009:
9001:
8993:
8985:
8977:
8969:
8961:
8953:
8945:
8937:
8929:
8921:
8913:
8905:
8897:
8882:
8874:
8866:
8858:
8850:
8842:
8834:
8826:
8818:
8812:20th century
8799:
8791:
8783:
8775:
8769:
8761:
8753:
8745:
8739:19th century
8726:
8720:18th century
8707:
8701:17th century
8688:
8682:15th century
8454:Hao Jingfang
7987:Kelly Robson
7036:Marge Piercy
6992:Nancy Bogen
6928:Kate Wilhelm
6902:Sonya Dorman
6900:(1928β2018)
6898:Kate Wilhelm
6702:20th century
6468:Mary Shelley
6454:19th century
6417:18th century
6393:17th century
6286:Frankenstein
6285:
6277:
6255:Mary Shelley
6254:
6246:
6238:
6230:
6221:
6207:(stepsister)
6147:
6140:
6133:
6126:
6112:
6107:The Last Man
6105:
6091:
6084:
6077:
6070:
6064:
6063:
6056:
6041:Mary Shelley
5996:
5982:Frankenstein
5975:Frankenstrat
5951:
5934:Frankenstein
5933:
5922:Frankenstein
5921:
5901:
5894:
5887:
5880:
5873:
5866:
5861:Frankenstein
5859:
5852:
5830:Frankenstein
5829:
5816:
5809:
5792:
5773:
5763:
5755:
5747:
5739:
5733:Prodigal Son
5731:
5724:
5716:
5708:
5700:
5692:
5673:
5667:Frankenstein
5665:
5657:
5649:
5641:
5633:
5627:Frankenstein
5625:
5617:
5609:
5590:
5582:
5574:
5566:
5558:
5550:
5527:
5519:
5513:Frankenstein
5511:
5505:Frankenstein
5503:
5497:Frankenstein
5495:
5487:
5479:
5471:
5463:
5455:
5447:
5441:Frankenstein
5439:
5431:
5423:
5417:The Munsters
5415:
5407:
5386:Frankenstein
5384:
5376:
5368:
5360:
5352:
5346:Frankenstein
5344:
5336:
5328:
5320:
5312:
5304:
5296:
5288:
5280:
5272:
5264:
5256:
5250:Frankenstein
5248:
5240:
5232:
5224:
5216:
5208:
5202:Blackenstein
5200:
5192:
5184:
5176:
5168:
5160:
5152:
5144:
5136:
5128:
5120:
5112:
5104:
5098:Frankenstein
5096:
5073:
5065:
5057:
5049:
5039:
5028:The Munsters
5026:
5018:
5010:
5002:
4994:
4986:The Munsters
4984:
4971:
4963:
4955:
4947:
4939:
4931:
4925:Frankenthumb
4923:
4918:FrankenstrΓΆm
4917:
4911:Monster Mash
4909:
4901:
4895:Monster Mash
4893:
4885:
4877:
4869:
4861:
4853:
4845:
4837:
4829:
4810:
4802:
4783:
4775:
4767:
4759:
4751:
4743:
4735:
4674:
4666:
4658:
4650:
4642:
4634:
4626:
4620:Frankenstein
4618:
4557:
4556:
4553:Mary Shelley
4517:Frankenstein
4516:
4488:, review by
4484:Frankenstein
4483:
4460:Frankenstein
4459:
4441:
4426:
4416:Frankenstein
4414:
4386:
4380:
4370:M. K. Joseph
4366:Frankenstein
4365:
4354:
4336:
4325:
4304:
4303:, 352 pp.),
4292:
4289:Mary Shelley
4280:
4277:Mary Shelley
4258:
4251:
4244:
4229:
4220:
4217:Frankenstein
4216:
4202:Mary Shelley
4201:
4191:
4188:Frankenstein
4187:
4163:
4159:
4147:
4137:
4134:Frankenstein
4133:
4122:
4115:
4112:Frankenstein
4111:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4073:Frankenstein
4072:
4065:
4062:Frankenstein
4061:
4053:. Berkeley:
4050:
4030:
4026:
4010:
4000:
3993:
3990:Frankenstein
3989:
3982:
3979:Frankenstein
3978:
3968:
3961:
3958:Frankenstein
3957:
3950:
3947:Frankenstein
3946:
3935:
3918:Robson Books
3911:
3894:
3886:. New York:
3883:
3876:
3873:Frankenstein
3872:
3850:. Syracuse:
3847:
3836:
3829:
3815:
3814:Chapman, D.
3808:
3801:
3798:Frankenstein
3797:
3782:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3722:. Retrieved
3708:
3698:
3689:
3679:20 September
3677:. Retrieved
3672:
3663:
3655:
3648:. Retrieved
3630:
3618:. Retrieved
3581:
3574:
3562:. Retrieved
3558:
3549:
3539:13 September
3537:. Retrieved
3528:
3523:Five Books.
3518:
3501:
3489:. Retrieved
3481:The Guardian
3480:
3470:
3458:. Retrieved
3454:the original
3444:
3432:. Retrieved
3424:"Enotes.com"
3418:
3406:. Retrieved
3397:
3393:
3384:
3372:. Retrieved
3363:
3359:
3350:
3338:. Retrieved
3329:
3325:
3319:
3312:
3303:
3294:
3282:. Retrieved
3273:
3264:
3252:. Retrieved
3243:
3233:
3215:
3214:Frankenstein
3211:
3208:Frankenstein
3207:
3201:
3193:
3189:
3184:
3176:
3171:
3152:Frankenstein
3151:
3141:
3132:
3124:
3119:
3110:
3103:. Retrieved
3093:
3086:
3074:. Retrieved
3070:
3061:
3052:
3032:
3012:
3003:
2960:
2956:
2946:
2934:. Retrieved
2921:
2912:
2900:. Retrieved
2889:
2879:
2868:
2856:
2844:. Retrieved
2833:
2830:Frankenstein
2829:
2822:
2810:. Retrieved
2801:
2791:
2771:
2764:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2725:
2715:21 September
2713:. Retrieved
2701:
2691:
2677:Frankenstein
2676:
2669:
2659:
2655:
2645:
2638:
2630:
2625:
2615:
2607:
2598:Frankenstein
2597:
2590:
2567:. Retrieved
2560:the original
2543:
2531:. Retrieved
2527:
2518:
2510:the original
2494:
2487:
2477:19 September
2475:. Retrieved
2466:
2457:
2445:. Retrieved
2431:
2422:
2410:. Retrieved
2402:The Guardian
2401:
2391:
2379:. Retrieved
2370:
2360:
2351:
2342:
2334:
2329:
2317:. Retrieved
2313:The Guardian
2312:
2303:
2296:Frankenstein
2295:
2290:
2281:
2272:
2263:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2226:
2214:. Retrieved
2210:
2201:
2189:. Retrieved
2178:
2173:Frankenstein
2172:
2164:
2154:
2148:
2123:
2119:
2113:
2101:. Retrieved
2092:
2083:
2042:
2038:
2017:. Retrieved
2008:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1983:
1974:
1962:. Retrieved
1945:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1907:
1903:
1895:
1890:
1882:
1877:
1865:. Retrieved
1841:. Retrieved
1832:
1822:
1815:Mary Shelley
1814:
1809:
1802:Mary Shelley
1801:
1796:
1788:
1783:
1771:. Retrieved
1753:
1743:
1687:Frankenstein
1686:
1678:
1667:Frankenstein
1666:
1659:Frankenstein
1658:
1649:Books portal
1615:Frankenstein
1614:
1604:
1573:Frankenstein
1572:
1566:
1557:Frankenstein
1556:
1550:
1541:Brian Aldiss
1539:
1534:
1531:Frankenstein
1530:
1519:Harold Bloom
1515:Frankenstein
1514:
1512:
1506:, a play by
1503:
1500:Frankenstein
1499:
1495:
1488:
1486:
1479:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1454:Walter Scott
1449:Frankenstein
1448:
1447:
1427:
1416:
1413:Frankenstein
1412:
1408:
1406:
1384:
1382:
1362:
1352:
1350:
1327:
1317:
1311:
1290:
1289:
1273:
1254:
1249:
1241:
1237:
1234:Frankenstein
1233:
1229:
1219:
1217:
1206:
1186:Frankenstein
1182:Frankenstein
1170:Frankenstein
1157:
1146:Frankenstein
1145:
1142:Frankenstein
1141:
1139:
1129:frontispiece
1111:
1105:
1102:Frankenstein
1101:
1097:
1087:
1080:
1076:
1056:
1038:
1034:
1027:Frankenstein
1026:
985:
977:
954:The Creature
943:Frankenstein
942:
924:
912:
905:
891:
883:Frankenstein
882:
879:Frankenstein
878:
875:
871:
866:
852:
850:
823:
818:Frankenstein
817:
801:
798:Frankenstein
797:
795:
780:
768:
745:
740:
721:
718:Humphry Davy
713:
707:
697:
691:
675:
672:Frankenstein
671:
668:Frankenstein
667:
663:
659:
653:
650:Frankenstein
649:
643:
637:
635:
626:Frankenstein
625:
611:
603:
587:Mary Shelley
585:
575:Mary Shelley
573:
559:funeral pyre
555:
547:
530:
517:
500:
487:
478:
469:Mer de Glace
453:
440:the Creature
424:
400:
379:Arctic Ocean
359:Frankenstein
358:
357:
334:Gothic novel
326:Frankenstein
325:
324:
320:Frankenstein
319:
309:
270:
254:Frankenstein
253:
250:Mary Shelley
244:
243:
242:
229:
216:
203:
103:Gothic novel
85:Mary Shelley
60:
38:
29:This is the
23:
9826:(2013β2017)
9824:Sad Puppies
9722:Publishers,
9570: [
9447: [
9429:Winterglass
9423:Toxoplasma
8887: [
8621: 1997
8588: 1989
8577: [
8561: 1987
8541: 1986
8534:Aline Valek
8521: 1985
8514:Tamsyn Muir
8501: 1985
8481: 1984
8461: 1984
8441: 1984
8421: 1983
8401: 1981
8381: 1981
8361: 1980
8341: 1979
8321: 1974
8301: 1974
8281: 1974
8261: 1973
8241: 1973
8234:Naomi Novik
8221: 1972
8201: 1972
8181: 1971
8161: 1970
8141: 1970
8121: 1970
8110: [
8094: 1969
8087:Lisa Yaszek
8074: 1969
8054: 1969
8034: 1968
8014: 1967
7994: 1967
7974: 1967
7954: 1966
7934: 1966
7914: 1966
7894: 1966
7874: 1964
7854: 1964
7834: 1963
7814: 1963
7807:Lola Robles
7794: 1962
7774: 1960
7754: 1960
7734: 1960
7714: 1960
7707:Neil Gaiman
7694: 1960
7687:Lucie Chenu
7674: 1959
7654: 1958
7634: 1958
7627:Mari Kotani
7614: 1958
7594: 1958
7574: 1957
7563: [
7547: 1957
7527: 1956
7520:Mary Gentle
7507: 1956
7489:(1955β2000)
7474: 1955
7454: 1955
7434: 1953
7414: 1952
7394: 1951
7375: 1950
7356: 1950
7336: 1950
7317: 1949
7311:Roz Kaveney
7299: 1949
7281: 1949
7262: 1949
7245:(1947β2006)
7231: 1946
7214:(1945β2023)
7200: 1944
7180: 1942
7160: 1942
7140: 1942
7120: 1941
7102:(1940-2021)
7089:(1939β2023)
7074: 1939
7056:(1937β2011)
7054:Joanna Russ
7042: 1936
7023: 1935
7016:Sophie Behr
6997: 1932
6982:(1931β2023)
6969:(1931β2021)
6956:(1929β2016)
6943:(1929β2018)
6917:(1928β2022)
6904:(1924β2005)
6887:(1923β1997)
6874:(1921β2003)
6861:(1921β2019)
6848:(1920β2005)
6835:(1920β1970)
6822:(1918β2007)
6809:(1918β2002)
6796:(1916β1965)
6783:(1916β1981)
6770:(1915β1987)
6757:(1911β1987)
6755:C. L. Moore
6744:(1905β1991)
6731:(1902β1989)
6718:(1900β1941)
6694:(1897β1976)
6679:(1895β1985)
6666:(1892β1974)
6651:(1888β1975)
6638:(1884β1978)
6623:(1880β1932)
6610:(1860β1935)
6595:(1844β1930)
6582:(1853β1941)
6567:(1846β1930)
6554:(1869β1954)
6552:Irene Clyde
6539:(1850β1929)
6526:(1843β1914)
6511:(1840β1920)
6498:(1825β1875)
6483:(1807β1858)
6470:(1797β1851)
6446:(1772β1846)
6433:(1705β1771)
6409:(1623β1673)
6385:(1364β1430)
6257:(2017 film)
6249:(1988 film)
6241:(1988 film)
6233:(1986 film)
6226:(1984 play)
6199:Fanny Imlay
5964:Franken-FMs
5896:Van Helsing
5875:Dr. Franken
5846:Video games
5678:(2011 play)
5670:(2011 play)
5587:(2017β2020)
5571:(2015β2017)
5555:(2014β2016)
5476:(1988-1991)
5436:(1970-1971)
5428:(1966β1968)
5420:(1964β1966)
5266:Van Helsing
4796:Toho series
4125:. Chicago:
3981:and Film".
3650:10 November
3564:29 December
3450:"KCTCS.edu"
3318:"Review of
3246:: 613β620.
3076:29 December
2742:15 February
2620:(X. 743β45)
2612:John Milton
2569:31 December
2533:29 December
2528:nlm.nih.gov
2412:13 November
2381:22 February
2319:29 December
2191:25 November
2019:20 November
2009:nlm.nih.gov
1989:11 February
1984:History.com
1867:29 December
1843:18 February
1510:, in 1823.
1379:Publication
1314:Pythagorean
1226:John Milton
992:James Whale
907:The Vampyre
842:Lake Geneva
808:Composition
789:as well as
733: [
694:John Milton
589:'s mother,
534:hypothermia
365:written in
363:frame story
114:Set in
9840:Categories
9724:magazines,
9276:The Fresco
8785:Iola Leroy
7927:Ann Leckie
7827:Hiroe Suga
7447:Pat Murphy
6980:Fay Weldon
6930:(1928β018)
6716:Karin Boye
6677:Anna Banti
6293:Lord Byron
6215:Portrayals
6079:Proserpine
5997:Death Race
5757:Lost Souls
5536:The Doctor
5401:Television
5378:The Bride!
4687:Characters
4566:Characters
4506:Volume two
4495:Volume one
4359:Mario Praz
3897:. Urbana:
3724:26 January
3529:Five Books
3483:. London.
3408:14 January
3374:14 January
3284:14 January
3254:14 January
2861:Jones 1952
2437:"OX.ac.uk"
2404:. London.
1736:References
1714:Homunculus
1581:Royal Mail
1555:describes
1535:Five Books
1295:Prometheus
1174:Palatinate
988:reanimated
791:James Lind
748:Mutability
687:Prometheus
679:et GalatΓ©e
521:magistrate
493:progress.
465:Mont Blanc
448:mortuaries
416:alchemists
316:Lord Byron
236:Wikisource
195:PR5397 .F7
144:1818-01-01
9701:L'Oiselle
9324:Choir Boy
9308:Fledgling
8860:Shambleau
8027:Sara Doke
7847:Jo Walton
6636:Rosa RosΓ
6177:(husband)
5989:Dr. Stein
5818:Embalming
5635:Fortitude
5234:The Bride
4348:1831 text
4319:1818 text
4301:Liveright
4285:MIT Press
4180:154238300
3719:0099-9660
3491:4 October
3460:28 August
3434:28 August
3017:humanity.
2977:0141-0768
2936:2 January
2902:2 January
2802:Darmstadt
2710:0040-781X
2447:28 August
2355:Hay, 103.
2333:Bennett,
2059:0022-4197
1954:0028-792X
1833:Biography
1607:1931 film
1571:included
1444:Reception
1359:Aeschylus
1339:In 1910,
1202:Franconia
1162:Darmstadt
1127:from the
1098:The Rover
1045:first man
927:fair copy
889:in 1816.
861:galvanism
816:Draft of
754:'s poem "
677:Pygmalion
664:Fleetwood
660:St. Leon,
582:(1840β41)
435:chemistry
371:Archangel
297:Galvanism
289:alchemist
277:Gernsheim
152:Publisher
134:Published
9730:podcasts
9091:Kindred
8661: ?
8641: ?
8414:Tang Fei
8294:Juli Zeh
6195:(father)
6189:(mother)
6093:Valperga
6072:Mathilda
5977:(guitar)
5545:" (2013)
5538:" (2012)
4823:Parodies
4509:Archived
4498:Archived
4473:Archived
4465:LibriVox
4314:Editions
3908:(1996).
3862:Archived
3644:Archived
3640:BBC News
3614:Archived
3533:Archived
3507:Rousseau
3485:Archived
3428:Archived
3402:Archived
3368:Archived
3340:18 March
3334:Archived
3278:Archived
3248:Archived
3149:(2000).
3105:15 March
3099:Archived
2995:11983772
2930:Archived
2896:Archived
2846:5 August
2840:Archived
2806:Archived
2736:Archived
2681:Archived
2664:, p. 96.
2661:The Reef
2580:Archived
2471:Archived
2441:Archived
2406:Archived
2375:Archived
2185:Archived
2097:Archived
2075:37615140
2067:27512949
2013:Archived
1958:Archived
1837:Archived
1669:argument
1621:See also
1569:BBC News
1527:Lacanian
1307:Caucasus
1089:The Reef
904:created
720:'s book
538:ice floe
391:ice floe
383:dog sled
375:pack ice
338:Romantic
336:and the
265:creature
218:Valperga
91:Language
35:reviewed
9726:comics,
9583:Essays,
9348:Lavinia
8852:Herland
8603:(1989-)
8394:Nghi Vo
6271:Related
6135:Falkner
6100:Maurice
5913:Related
4154:, 2003.
4129:, 1984.
4057:, 1979.
4049:, eds.
4039:4173024
3942:, 1990.
3901:, 1989.
3890:, 2000.
3854:, 1997.
3843:, 1997.
3778:, 2000.
3736:Sources
3620:21 July
3559:utm.edu
3112:twenty.
2986:1279684
2812:23 June
2140:1769997
1964:4 March
1773:19 July
1609:, with
1270:syndics
1190:Silesia
1053:Lucifer
1047:in the
939:Abinger
898:Balkans
894:vampire
612:In the
459:in the
411:Genevan
349:Summary
262:sapient
163:England
142: (
94:English
9819:Wiscon
9786:Prizes
9773:(2009)
9728:manga,
9714:(1934)
9707:Cyborg
9703:(1909)
9694:People
9686:(2021)
9678:(2006)
9670:(2000)
9662:(2016)
9654:(2013)
9646:(1995)
9638:(1984)
9630:(1983)
9622:(1979)
9614:(1979)
9606:(1976)
9598:(1975)
9563:(1982)
9561:LΓ‘adan
9522:(2023)
9514:(2022)
9506:(2022)
9498:(2022)
9490:(2021)
9484:(2021)
9476:(2020)
9470:(2020)
9462:(2019)
9454:(2018)
9439:(2018)
9431:(2017)
9425:(2017)
9419:(2016)
9411:(2015)
9403:(2015)
9395:(2014)
9387:(2014)
9379:(2013)
9373:(2011)
9367:(2009)
9359:(2008)
9351:(2008)
9343:(2010)
9335:(2010)
9327:(2005)
9319:(2005)
9311:(2005)
9303:(2005)
9295:(2003)
9287:(2001)
9279:(2000)
9260:(1998)
9252:(1993)
9244:(1993)
9236:(1992)
9228:(1991)
9220:(1991)
9212:(1990)
9204:(1990)
9196:(1989)
9188:(1988)
9180:(1987)
9172:(1987)
9164:(1987)
9156:(1986)
9148:(1985)
9140:(1985)
9132:(1984)
9124:(1983)
9116:(1982)
9110:(1980)
9102:(1980)
9094:(1979)
9086:(1978)
9078:(1978)
9070:(1978)
9062:(1977)
9054:(1977)
9046:(1976)
9038:(1976)
9030:(1975)
9022:(1974)
9014:(1974)
9006:(1974)
8998:(1973)
8990:(1973)
8982:(1972)
8974:(1972)
8966:(1971)
8958:(1970)
8950:(1969)
8942:(1967)
8934:(1966)
8926:(1962)
8918:(1962)
8910:(1959)
8902:(1955)
8894:(1951)
8879:(1949)
8871:(1948)
8863:(1933)
8855:(1915)
8847:(1911)
8839:(1909)
8831:(1905)
8823:(1900)
8804:(1899)
8801:Arqtiq
8796:(1893)
8788:(1892)
8780:(1889)
8772:(1889)
8766:(1880)
8763:Mizora
8758:(1870)
8750:(1818)
8731:(1765)
8712:(1666)
8693:(1405)
8154:Li-Cam
6231:Gothic
6168:Family
6128:Lodore
5786:Comics
5778:(2013)
5768:(2011)
5760:(2010)
5752:(2009)
5744:(2005)
5736:(2005)
5721:(2001)
5713:(1989)
5705:(1984)
5697:(1978)
5686:Novels
5662:(2007)
5654:(2007)
5646:(2007)
5638:(1968)
5630:(1927)
5622:(1887)
5614:(1823)
5595:(2017)
5579:(2016)
5563:(2014)
5524:(2010)
5516:(2007)
5492:(1997)
5484:(1994)
5468:(1979)
5460:(1976)
5452:(1973)
5444:(1973)
5412:(1958)
5381:(2025)
5373:(2023)
5365:(2021)
5357:(2015)
5349:(2015)
5341:(2015)
5333:(2014)
5325:(2014)
5317:(2013)
5309:(2013)
5301:(2011)
5293:(2009)
5285:(2009)
5277:(2005)
5269:(2004)
5261:(1994)
5253:(1992)
5245:(1990)
5237:(1985)
5229:(1981)
5221:(1981)
5213:(1974)
5205:(1973)
5197:(1973)
5189:(1972)
5181:(1971)
5173:(1971)
5165:(1970)
5157:(1966)
5149:(1965)
5141:(1958)
5133:(1958)
5125:(1957)
5117:(1921)
5109:(1915)
5101:(1910)
5090:Others
5078:(2022)
5070:(2018)
5062:(2015)
5054:(2012)
5031:(2022)
5023:(1996)
5015:(1995)
5007:(1981)
4999:(1966)
4976:(2024)
4968:(2017)
4960:(2014)
4952:(2012)
4944:(2010)
4936:(2008)
4928:(2002)
4920:(2001)
4914:(2000)
4906:(1999)
4898:(1995)
4890:(1990)
4882:(1987)
4874:(1985)
4866:(1984)
4858:(1975)
4850:(1974)
4842:(1972)
4834:(1967)
4815:(1966)
4807:(1965)
4788:(1974)
4780:(1970)
4772:(1969)
4764:(1967)
4756:(1964)
4748:(1958)
4740:(1957)
4679:(1948)
4671:(1945)
4663:(1944)
4655:(1943)
4647:(1942)
4639:(1939)
4631:(1935)
4623:(1931)
4236:
4208:
4178:
4037:
4017:
3924:
3822:
3789:
3717:
3589:
3511:Norton
3221:
3159:
3040:
2993:
2983:
2975:
2779:
2708:
2502:
2138:
2103:26 May
2073:
2065:
2057:
1952:
1764:
1432:&
1280:Oxford
1150:Franks
1043:, the
1029:, 1910
935:Oxford
618:Geneva
551:mutiny
507:Orkney
482:Geneva
403:Naples
314:, and
301:occult
293:Geneva
220:
207:
81:Author
9770:Wombs
9752:Janus
9574:]
9451:]
9408:Binti
8891:]
8581:]
8114:]
7567:]
6183:(son)
6086:Midas
6049:Works
5603:Stage
5389:(TBA)
4598:Films
4176:S2CID
4035:JSTOR
2563:(PDF)
2552:(PDF)
2216:8 May
2136:JSTOR
2071:S2CID
2063:JSTOR
1758:47β49
1731:Notes
1699:Golem
1312:As a
1299:Titan
1246:Satan
1200:from
1160:) in
979:Punch
737:]
503:Perth
407:Italy
361:is a
287:, an
273:Rhine
183:823.7
168:Pages
99:Genre
9193:Γmes
4933:Igor
4694:Igor
4504:and
4482:"On
4234:ISBN
4206:ISBN
4077:PMLA
4015:ISBN
3922:ISBN
3820:ISBN
3787:ISBN
3726:2022
3715:ISSN
3681:2022
3652:2019
3622:2018
3587:ISBN
3566:2022
3541:2019
3493:2016
3462:2010
3436:2010
3410:2020
3376:2020
3342:2017
3286:2020
3256:2020
3219:ISBN
3157:ISBN
3107:2017
3078:2022
3038:ISBN
2991:PMID
2973:ISSN
2938:2007
2904:2007
2848:2011
2814:2017
2777:ISBN
2744:2017
2717:2020
2706:ISSN
2702:Time
2571:2007
2535:2022
2500:ISBN
2479:2019
2449:2010
2414:2018
2383:2018
2321:2022
2218:2021
2193:2015
2105:2019
2055:ISSN
2021:2018
1991:2021
1966:2019
1950:ISSN
1925:wife
1869:2022
1845:2019
1775:2018
1762:ISBN
1605:The
1599:and
1303:Zeus
1041:Adam
917:and
887:Bath
846:Alps
762:'s "
702:and
683:Ovid
674:are
662:and
461:Alps
299:and
226:Text
4555:'s
4446:at
4431:at
4419:at
4168:doi
4136:".
4114:".
4064:".
3962:ELH
3960:".
3875:".
3800:".
2981:PMC
2965:doi
2832:."
2128:doi
2047:doi
1421:by
1357:by
1322:by
1248:in
1224:by
1188:in
1168:in
1086:'s
933:in
840:by
739:'s
706:'s
696:'s
578:by
467:'s
234:at
171:280
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9572:fr
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