Knowledge

Wikisource

Source 📝

548: 439: 150: 2141: 484: 136: 1138: 32: 278:. Wikisource is the name of the project as a whole; it is also the name for each instance of that project, one for each language. The project's aim is to host all forms of free text, in many languages, and translations. Originally conceived as an archive to store useful or important historical texts, it has expanded to become a general-content library. The project officially began on November 24, 2003, under the name 402:. Two votes conducted to choose a successor were inconclusive, and the original logo remained until 2006. Finally, for both legal and technical reasons—because the picture's license was inappropriate for a Wikimedia Foundation logo and because a photo cannot scale properly—a stylized vector iceberg inspired by the original picture was mandated to serve as the project's logo. 356:", soon clarifying the statement with "we don't want to try to duplicate Project Gutenberg's efforts; rather, we want to complement them. Perhaps Project Sourceberg can mainly work as an interface for easily linking from Knowledge to a Project Gutenberg file, and as an interface for people to easily submit new work to PG." Initial comments were skeptical, with 1141: 1140: 1145: 1144: 1139: 607:
of texts. On Wikisource, the annotations are supplementary to the original text, which remains the primary objective of the project. By contrast, on Wikibooks the annotations are primary, with the original text as only a reference or supplement, if present at all. Annotated editions are more popular
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This system assists editors in ensuring the accuracy of texts on Wikisource. The original page scans of completed works remain available to any user so that errors may be corrected later and readers may check texts against the originals. ProofreadPage also allows greater participation, since access
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Within two weeks of the project's official start at sources.wikipedia.org, over 1,000 pages had been created, with approximately 200 of these being designated as actual articles. On January 4, 2004, Wikisource welcomed its 100th registered user. In early July, 2004 the number of articles exceeded
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adding "like Larry, I'm interested that we think it over to see what we can add to Project Gutenberg. It seems unlikely that primary sources should in general be editable by anyone — I mean, Shakespeare is Shakespeare, unlike our commentary on his work, which is whatever we want it to be."
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Project Sourceberg officially launched on November 24, 2003, when it received its own temporary URL, at sources.wikipedia.org, and all texts and discussions hosted on ps.wikipedia.org were moved to the temporary address. A vote on the project's name changed it to Wikisource on December 6, 2003.
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As of September 2024, there are Wikisource subdomains for 79 languages of which 77 are active and 2 are closed. The active sites have 6,173,332 articles and the closed sites have 13 articles. There are 4,953,680 registered users of which 2,767 are recently active.
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articles, by providing primary evidence and original source texts, and as an archive in its own right. The collection was initially focused on important historical and cultural material, distinguishing it from other digital archives like Project Gutenberg.
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extension called ProofreadPage was developed for Wikisource by developer ThomasV to improve the vetting of transcriptions by the project. This displays pages of scanned works side by side with the text relating to that page, allowing the text to be
305:. Verification was initially made offline, or by trusting the reliability of other digital libraries. Now works are supported by online scans via the ProofreadPage extension, which ensures the reliability and accuracy of the project's texts. 591:. The requirement for prior publication can also be waived in a small number of cases if the work is a source document of notable historical importance. The legal requirement for works to be licensed or free of copyright remains constant. 563:
previously published texts; including novels, non-fiction works, letters, speeches, constitutional and historical documents, laws and a range of other documents. All texts collected are either free of copyright or released under the
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The project began its activity at ps.wikipedia.org. The contributors understood the "PS" subdomain to mean either "primary sources" or Project Sourceberg. However, this resulted in Project Sourceberg occupying the subdomain of the
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As a language incubator, the wiki currently provides a home for over 30 languages that do not yet have their own language subdomains. Some of these are very active, and have built libraries with hundreds of texts (such as
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questioning the need for the project, writing "The hard question, I guess, is why we are reinventing the wheel, when Project Gutenberg already exists? We'd want to complement Project Gutenberg—how, exactly?", and
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Some individual Wikisources, each representing a specific language, now only allow works backed up with scans. While the bulk of its collection are texts, Wikisource as a whole hosts other media, from comics to film to
2071: 413:, when it was redesigned based upon the Knowledge portal on August 27, 2005, (historical version). As in the Knowledge portal the Wikisource slogan appears around the logo in the project's ten largest languages. 351:
over their inclusion or deletion. Project Sourceberg was suggested as a solution to this. In describing the proposed project, user The Cunctator said, "It would be to Project Gutenberg what Knowledge is to
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Bernier, Alex; Burger, Dominique; Marmol, Bruno (2010). "Wiki, a New Way to Produce Accessible Documents". In Miesenberger, Klaus; Klaus, Joachim; Zagler, Wolfgang; Karshmer, Arthur (eds.).
1221:, Dominic McDevitt-Parks. Many of these documents have been transcribed and proofread by the Wikisource community and are featured as links in the National Archives' own online catalog. 1501: 1468: 2103: 656:
An initial wave of 14 languages was set up on August 23, 2005. The new languages did not include English, but the code en: was temporarily set to redirect to the main website (
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In practice, use of the website for multilingual coordination has not been heavy since the conversion to language domains. Nevertheless, there is some policy activity at the
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that ended May 12, 2005, supported the adoption of separate language subdomains at Wikisource by a large margin, allowing each language to host its texts on its own wiki.
1527: 1175:, has criticised the English Wikisource's project to create a user-generated translation of the Bible saying "Democratization isn't necessarily good for scholarship." 587:
A scanned source is preferred on many Wikisources and required on some. Most Wikisources will, however, accept works transcribed from offline sources or acquired from
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passed 20,000 text-units in its third month of existence, already holding more texts than did the entire project in April (before the move to language subdomains).
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On April 30, 2005, there were 2667 registered users (including 18 administrators) and almost 19,000 articles. The project passed its 96,000th edit that same day.
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on the German Wikisource. The project also accommodates translations of texts provided by its users. A significant translation on the English Wikisource is the
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As of September 2024, there are Wikisource subdomains active for 77 languages comprising a total of 6,173,332 articles and 2,767 recently active editors.
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digital library to French Wikisource. Fourteen hundred public domain French texts were added to the Wikisource library as a result via upload to the
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and its accuracy later verified independently by any other editor. Once a book, or other text, has been scanned, the raw images can be modified with
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Clicking on the portal's central images (the iceberg logo in the center and the "Wikisource" heading at the top of the page) links to a
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The idea of a project-specific coordination wiki, first realized at Wikisource, also took hold in another Wikimedia project, namely at
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To provide direct, ongoing support by a local wiki community for a dynamic multilingual portal at its Main Page, for users who go to
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The original concept for Wikisource was as storage for useful or important historical texts. These texts were intended to support
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to a physical copy of the original work is not necessary to be able to contribute to the project once images have been uploaded.
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To be a home for texts in languages without their own subdomains, each with its own local main page for self-organization.
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requested their own wikis, but a December vote on the creation of separate language domains was inconclusive. Finally, a
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The project was originally called Project Sourceberg during its planning stages (a play on words for Project Gutenberg).
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The only original pieces accepted by Wikisource are annotations and translations. Wikisource, and its sister project
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environment (Hebrew is written right-to-left). In the ensuing months, contributors in other languages including
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software to correct for page rotations and other problems. The retouched images can then be converted into a
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In 2001, there was a dispute on Knowledge regarding the addition of primary-source materials, leading to
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works. All texts held by Wikisource must have been previously published; the project does not host "
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Since Wikisource was initially called "Project Sourceberg", its first logo was a picture of an
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Languages without subdomains are locally incubated. As of September 2020, 182 languages are
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In 2011, the English Wikisource received many high-quality scans of documents from the US
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To be a multilingual coordination site for the entire Wikisource project in all languages.
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Server admin log for September 11, 2005, at 01:20 and below (September 10) at 22:49.
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During the move to language subdomains, the community requested that the main
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website derived from the difficulty of typing and editing Hebrew texts in a
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On February 14, 2008, the English Wikisource passed 100,000 text-units with
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Despite the change in name, the project did not move to its permanent URL (
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website remain a functioning wiki, in order to serve three purposes:
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The top ten Wikisource language projects by mainspace article count:
613: 600: 447: 375: 329: 310: 301:; professionally published works or historical source documents, not 1799: 1171:, a New Testament scholar and professor of religious studies at the 31: 3080: 3045: 3027: 3017: 2892: 2823: 2750: 2466: 2441: 1804: 1203: 348: 1945: 1179:, an Old Testament scholar and professor of Jewish studies at the 1106: 1100: 1066: 657: 612:
project, intended to create a new, "laissez-faire translation" of
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Personal explanation of Wikisource from a project participant
2046:[Wikimedia France sign a partnership with the BnF]. 539:
In November, 2011, 250,000 text-units milestone was passed.
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For a complete list with totals see Wikimedia Statistics:
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Annotations and translations – the difference to Wikibooks
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McDevitt-Parks, Dominic; Waldman, Robin (July 25, 2011).
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In 2010, Wikimedia France signed an agreement with the
2092:"Wikimedia and the new collaborative digital archives" 2072:"French National Library to cooperate with Wikisource" 1331: 154:
Detail of the Wikisource multilingual portal main page
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Ayers, Phoebe; Matthews, Charles; Yates, Ben (2008).
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A personal perspective on the history of Wikisource
2044:"Wikimédia France signe un partenariat avec la BnF" 1575: 584:" books or documents produced by its contributors. 1306: 1304: 1283: 3358: 566:Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 1936:For an automatic list of local main pages, see 1571: 1569: 500:2,400, and more than 500 users had registered. 405:The first prominent use of Wikisource's slogan— 293:The project holds works that are either in the 1741:. Amsterdam University Press. pp. 34–35. 1494:"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg" 1461:"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg" 1428:"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg" 1398:"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg" 1183:, identified errors in the translation of the 1161:has criticised Wikisource, and sister project 2667: 2631:Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects 2201: 1425: 1395: 551:Wikisource inclusion criteria expressed as a 2100:National Archives and Records Administration 2021:(in French). NetMediaEurope. April 8, 2010. 1958: 1765:Knowledge Reader's Guide: The Missing Manual 1566: 1263: 1261: 1259: 1215:National Archives and Records Administration 1191: 315:National Archives and Records Administration 3301:Comparison of Android ebook reader software 2180:Early discussions and plans for the project 2134: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1578:Computers Helping People with Special Needs 1391: 1389: 1173:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 1129:does not serve as its multilingual portal. 2674: 2660: 2208: 2194: 2139: 2050:(in French). April 7, 2010. Archived from 1366: 1364: 1362: 1360: 467:file and uploaded to either Wikisource or 207: 1761: 1704:"What is Wikisource?—What do we exclude?" 1631:. 14 February 2008. Retrieved 2011-09-29. 1256: 1113:, who based it upon the Knowledge portal. 487:A student doing proof reading during her 116:Learn how and when to remove this message 19:For linking to or citing Wikisource, see 2215: 1982: 1786: 1615:at Wikisource.org. Retrieved 2011-09-29. 1521: 1386: 1136: 546: 482: 437: 335: 3377:Internet properties established in 2003 3296:Comparison of iOS ebook reader software 1986:Knowledge: The Company and Its Founders 1856:"Server Admin Log/Archive 7 - March 29" 1797: 1732: 1730: 1728: 1357: 3359: 3321:International Digital Publishing Forum 1455: 624: 52:Please improve this article by adding 2655: 2189: 1881:"Server Admin Log/Archive 7 - June 2" 1488: 442:The ProofreadPage extension in action 1831:Server admin log for August 23, 2005 1800:"God's Word, According to Knowledge" 1736: 1725: 1345:from the original on 31 October 2013 25: 3367:Aggregation-based digital libraries 1812:from the original on April 16, 2009 1603:at MediaWiki. Retrieved 2011-09-29. 1109:was created on August 26, 2005, by 542: 13: 3276:Academic journal publishing reform 1983:Anderson, Jennifer Joline (2011). 1798:Philips, Matthew (June 14, 2008). 1382:Data:Knowledge statistics/data.tab 1279:Data:Knowledge statistics/meta.tab 559:Wikisource collects and stores in 393: 14: 3403: 2238:Knowledge community (Wikipedians) 2121: 1918:from the original on 13 July 2011 1060: 1940:; for a formatted list, see the 1380:. Retrieved September 2024 from 1339:"Transcribe | Citizen Archivist" 1277:. Retrieved September 2024 from 1194:Bibliothèque nationale de France 148: 134: 30: 2577:Monkey selfie copyright dispute 2106:from the original on 2011-09-13 2083: 2065: 2036: 2025:from the original on 2011-10-08 2007: 1976: 1965:from the original on 2010-08-12 1951: 1930: 1887:from the original on 2015-04-02 1873: 1862:from the original on 2015-04-02 1848: 1836: 1824: 1768:. O'Reilly Media, Inc. p.  1755: 1714:from the original on 2011-07-09 1696: 1685:from the original on 2011-07-13 1663: 1652:from the original on 2008-01-17 1634: 1618: 1606: 1594: 1555:from the original on 2013-11-10 1541: 1530:from the original on 2013-10-15 1504:from the original on 2022-04-09 1471:from the original on 2022-04-09 1438:from the original on 2018-11-20 1408:from the original on 2016-03-14 1551:. Wikisource.org. 2005-08-27. 1515: 1482: 1449: 1419: 433: 1: 2147:Knowledge:List of Wikisources 1249: 1208:optical character recognition 529:Six Months at the White House 478: 54:secondary or tertiary sources 16:Free online library on a wiki 2641:Knowledge for World Heritage 2562:WikiConference North America 1580:. Springer. pp. 22–24. 1522:Starling, Tim (2004-07-23). 1426:The Cunctator (2001-10-16). 1396:The Cunctator (2001-10-16). 1313:. No Starch Press. pp.  1233:– non-profit digital library 1132: 619: 340:The original Wikisource logo 7: 3291:Comparison of ebook readers 2583:Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA 2279:Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight 1627:discussion on Scriptorium. 1224: 10: 3408: 2681: 2510:List of Wikimedia chapters 2152:Wikisource:For Wikipedians 534:Francis Bicknell Carpenter 506:On November 27, 2005, the 323: 18: 3268: 3206: 3123: 3114: 2980: 2842: 2749: 2742: 2689: 2599: 2497: 2402: 2297: 2246: 2230: 2223: 1192: 250: 232: 224: 216: 202: 194: 184: 173: 161: 142: 133: 3316:iBooks Author Conference 2164:Danny Wool on Wikisource 1762:Broughton, John (2008). 1601:Proofread Page extension 1177:Richard Elliott Friedman 263:is an online wiki-based 3013:Atlantis Word Processor 2953:OverDrive Media Console 2764:Barnes & Noble Nook 2425:Censorship of Knowledge 1906:"Wikisource Statistics" 1219:Wikimedian in residence 603:, has the capacity for 589:other digital libraries 516:first Wikisource Portal 390:) until July 23, 2004. 180:(77 active sub-domains) 2855:Adobe Digital Editions 2621:Wikimedian of the Year 2305:Hampton Lintorn-Catlin 1154: 556: 532:, a memoir by painter 496: 493:New Law College (Pune) 443: 409:—was at the project's 388:http://wikisource.org/ 341: 238:; 20 years ago 236:November 24, 2003 41:relies excessively on 3382:Multilingual websites 3311:Electronic publishing 2054:on September 29, 2011 1181:University of Georgia 1157:Knowledge co-founder 1152: 1101:http://wikisource.org 550: 513:On May 10, 2006, the 486: 441: 339: 2809:Plastic Logic Reader 2636:Google and Knowledge 2557:WikiConference India 2217:Wikimedia Foundation 2168:Wikimedia Foundation 1737:Boot, Peter (2009). 1679:Wikimedia Foundation 1646:Wikimedia Foundation 419:list of translations 276:Wikimedia Foundation 189:Wikimedia Foundation 21:Knowledge:Wikisource 3346:Semantic publishing 3336:Reflowable document 3136:Amazon Kindle Store 1961:. 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Index

Knowledge:Wikisource

references
primary sources
secondary or tertiary sources
"Wikisource"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
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The current Wikisource logo
Detail of the Wikisource multilingual portal main page.
Digital library
Multilingual
Wikimedia Foundation
wikisource.org
digital library
free-content
textual sources
Wikimedia Foundation
Project Gutenberg
domain name
public domain
freely licensed
vanity products
audiobooks
National Archives and Records Administration
Knowledge

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