62:
give
Fulcrad the title of duke: "Lothair accepted the surrender of the duke of Arles and the rest of the counts of the party planning to rebel and ordered Provence according to his own wishes." Fulcrad was reconciled to the emperor by the next year (846), when he accompanied Lothair on a military
93:, the youngest, received Provence and the lands to its immediate north. His kingdom is usually called the "Kingdom of Provence", although it was much more extensive than Fulcrad's dukedom. The southern part of Charles's kingdom—Provence proper—is poorly documented in this period.
207:
191:
116:
when the king donated a village in the county of Orange to the church. The count of Orange at the time was Aldric, who also participated in
Lothair's Italian expedition in 846.
101:
104:). Fulcrad's preeminence among the counts of Provence is indicated by his place in the surviving list of attendants: second after the regent of the kingdom,
218:
Hlotarius ducem
Arelatensem et reliquos comites illarum partium rebellare molientes in deditionem accepit et prout voluit Provinciam ordinavit
50:
In 845 Fulcrad led the counts of
Provence in revolt against Lothair. The emperor came down and forced him to surrender. The northern
56:
record that "Count
Fulcrad and the other Provençals failed to usurp all power in Provence from Lothair". The German
66:
Fulcrad's revolt took place at a time when
Provence was increasingly under attack from foreign quarters. In 842
323:. Manchester Medieval series, Ninth-Century Histories. Vol. II. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
202:
Fulcradus comes et ceteri
Provinciales ab Hlothario deficiunt sibique potestatem totius Provinciae usurpant
78:. In 859 Arles was fortified against Saracen attacks. In 859–60 Provence was ravaged by the Vikings under
338:
113:
23:
in the middle of the ninth century, who was given military command over the other counts of the
52:
108:. In a royal diploma of 25 August 862, Fulcrad appears as Charles's special representative (
288:
105:
8:
306:
90:
44:
24:
40:
302:
83:
75:
32:
58:
316:
36:
332:
165:
100:) that probably took place between 858 and 860 (prior to the death of Bishop
89:
After
Lothair's death in 855, Middle Francia was divided between his sons.
170:
292:
249:, p. 102 n. 42. The count of Marseille at the time was Adalbert.
71:
140:
67:
79:
294:
The
Development of Southern French and Catalan Society, 718–1050
97:
20:
43:. As the leading man in Provence he seems to have succeeded
131:
129:
252:
230:
228:
226:
156:, p. 206, compares the description of Fulcrad in the
240:
181:
179:
126:
96:
Fulcrad attended the public assembly at
Sermorens (near
35:(843), when Provence lay in the south of the kingdom of
308:
Le royaume de Provence sous les Carolingiens (855–933?)
223:
147:
264:
176:
74:and Arles, and in 848 Marseille was assaulted by
330:
31:). His recorded activity took place after the
63:expedition against the Saracens of Italy.
301:
270:
258:
234:
213:
197:
153:
331:
315:
135:
287:
246:
185:
297:. Austin: University of Texas Press.
13:
27:and took the title of duke (Latin
14:
350:
1:
7:
10:
355:
280:
76:Byzantine (Greek) pirates
138:, p. 24 n. 5 (
119:
158:Annals of Saint-Bertin
53:Annals of Saint-Bertin
311:. Paris: É. Bouillon.
168:in the 10th-century
106:Girard of Roussillon
321:The Annals of Fulda
289:Lewis, Archibald R.
339:Counts of Provence
216:, p. 3 n. 7:
200:, p. 3 n. 7:
188:, pp. 101–02.
261:, p. 6 n. 8.
41:Emperor Lothair I
25:Provençal country
19:was the count of
346:
324:
312:
298:
274:
268:
262:
256:
250:
244:
238:
232:
221:
211:
205:
195:
189:
183:
174:
151:
145:
133:
114:church of Orange
102:Ebbo of Grenoble
33:treaty of Verdun
354:
353:
349:
348:
347:
345:
344:
343:
329:
328:
327:
317:Reuter, Timothy
303:Poupardin, René
283:
278:
277:
269:
265:
257:
253:
245:
241:
237:, pp. 3–4.
233:
224:
212:
208:
196:
192:
184:
177:
152:
148:
134:
127:
122:
59:Annals of Fulda
12:
11:
5:
352:
342:
341:
326:
325:
313:
299:
284:
282:
279:
276:
275:
271:Poupardin 1901
263:
259:Poupardin 1901
251:
239:
235:Poupardin 1901
222:
214:Poupardin 1901
206:
198:Poupardin 1901
190:
175:
154:Poupardin 1901
146:
124:
123:
121:
118:
84:Björn Ironside
37:Middle Francia
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
351:
340:
337:
336:
334:
322:
318:
314:
310:
309:
304:
300:
296:
295:
290:
286:
285:
273:, p. 13.
272:
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236:
231:
229:
227:
219:
215:
210:
203:
199:
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173:
172:
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166:Hugh of Arles
163:
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143:
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137:
132:
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125:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
94:
92:
87:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
64:
61:
60:
55:
54:
48:
46:
42:
39:ruled by the
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
18:
320:
307:
293:
266:
254:
242:
217:
209:
201:
193:
169:
161:
157:
149:
139:
109:
95:
88:
65:
57:
51:
49:
28:
16:
15:
171:Antapodosis
164:to that of
136:Reuter 1992
110:ambasciator
247:Lewis 1965
186:Lewis 1965
112:) to the
72:Marseille
70:attacked
333:Category
319:(1992).
305:(1901).
291:(1965).
68:Saracens
281:Sources
91:Charles
80:Hastein
17:Fulcrad
98:Voiron
162:Fulda
120:Notes
45:Warin
21:Arles
160:and
144:845)
141:s.a.
82:and
29:dux
335::
225:^
178:^
128:^
86:.
47:.
220:.
204:.
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