Gardens of Versailles

1199: 38: 2577: 2469: 913: 396: 2760: 2453: 1537: 2557: 2213: 2149: 2686: 1180: 2261: 2245: 1312: 2533: 920: 2405: 2277: 700: 654: 2437: 2197: 464: 676: 1924:(a long and narrow bosquet created in 1671 that featured a water bower made by numerous jets of water), the enlarged bosquet was transformed by Le Nôtre in 1677 into a series of three linked rooms. Each room contained a number of fountains that played with special effects. The fountains survived the modifications that Louis XIV ordered for other fountains in the gardens in the early 18th century and were subsequently spared during the 1774–1775 replantation of the gardens. In 1830, the bosquet was replanted at which time the fountains were suppressed. Due to 635: 614: 2165: 2133: 2506: 379: 2325: 2293: 1658: 802: 2229: 2357: 1386: 1114: 2389: 2181: 2485: 2309: 2421: 2853: 2545: 2518: 795: 2373: 2341: 4887: 983: 1428:– the labour-intensive clipped hedging that formed walls in the bosquets – to be replaced with rows of lime trees or chestnut trees. Additionally, a number of the bosquets dating from the time of the Sun King were extensively modified or destroyed. The most significant contribution to the gardens during the reign of Louis XVI was the 1856:– that featured a quatrefoil island surrounded by a channel that contained fifty water jets. Each lobe of the island contained a simple fountain; access to the island was obtained by two swing bridges. Beyond the channel and placed at the cardinal points within the bosquet were four additional fountains. Under the direction of 603:(central grouping) and his horses being groomed by attendants of Thetis (the two accompanying statue groups). Originally, these statues were set in three individual niches in the grotto and were surrounded by various fountains and water features. (Marie 1968; Nolhac 1901, 1925; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 1827:

by a causeway that featured twenty-four water jets. In 1684, the island was removed and the total number of water jets in the bosquet was significantly reduced. The year 1704 witnessed a major renovation of the bosquet at which time the causeway was remodelled and most of the water jets were removed.

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noted in his description of Versailles, solar and apollonian themes predominated with projects constructed at the time: "Since the sun was the emblem of Louis XIV, and that poets join the sun and Apollo, there is nothing in this superb house that does not relation to this divinity." (Félibien, 1674).

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some 100 metres above the level of the river. A series of huge waterwheels was constructed in the river, which raised the water via a system of 64 pumps to a reservoir 48 metres above the river. From this first reservoir, water was raised an additional 56 metres to a second reservoir by a system of

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The central feature of this bosquet, which was designed by Le Nôtre between 1671 and 1674, was an auditorium/theater sided by three tiers of turf seating that faced a stage decorated with four fountains alternating with three radiating cascades. Between 1680 and Louis XIV's death in 1715, there was

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could be used to plant vegetable gardens and that orchards could occupy the open areas of the garden. These plans were never put into action; however, the gardens were opened to the public – it was not uncommon to see people washing their laundry in the fountains and spreading it on the shrubbery to

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Dernier acteur de cette réinterprétation : le photographe, poète, peintre, entrepreneur, philanthrope (etc.) et mécène coréen Ahae. Ce septuagénaire très choyé par les institutions culturelles françaises a accepté de prendre en charge le coût du nouveau bosquet, soit 1,4 million d'euros. L'an

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The most recent replantations of the gardens were precipitated by two storms that battered Versailles in 1990 and then again in 1999. The storm damage at Versailles and Trianon amounted to the loss of thousands of trees – the worst such damage in the history of Versailles. The replantations have

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and the court returned to Versailles. Seeming to heed his great-grandfather's admonition not to engage in costly building campaigns, Louis XV did not undertake the costly building campaigns at Versailles that Louis XIV had. During the reign of Louis XV, the only significant addition to the gardens

599:, where Apollo rested after driving his chariot to light the sky. The grotto was a freestanding structure located just north of the château. The interior, which was decorated with shell-work to represent a sea cave, contained the statue group by the Marsy brothers depicting the sun god attended by 423:

designed the gardens, which remained relatively unchanged until the expansion ordered under Louis XIV in the 1660s. This early layout, which has survived in the so-called Du Bus plan of c.1662, shows an established topography along which lines of the gardens evolved. This is evidenced in the clear

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as director of the museum in 1892, a new era of historical research began at Versailles. Nolhac, an ardent archivist and scholar, began to piece together the history of Versailles, and subsequently established the criteria for restoration of the château and preservation of the gardens, which are

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by Louis XVI in 1774, the new Queen dramatically relandscaped the surrounding parkland and gardens. Between 1776 and 1786, the botanic gardens and working farm of Louis XV were obliterated to create an English garden, called the "Anglo-Chinese" garden at the time, which stretched to the north and

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Created in 1670, this bosquet originally contained a central rectangular pool surrounded by a turf border. Edging the pool were metal reeds that concealed numerous jets for water; a swan that had water jetting from its beak occupied each corner. The center of the pool featured an iron tree with

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river, located 160 km. south of Versailles and at a level 26 m above the garden reservoirs. The project called not only for digging a canal and for the construction of an aqueduct, it also necessitated the construction of shipping channels and locks to supply the workers on the main canal.

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came into full operation. However, owing to leakage in the conduits and breakdowns of the mechanism, the machine was only able to deliver 3,200 m of water per day – approximately one-half the expected output. The machine was a must-see for visitors to France. Despite the fact that the gardens

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in the garden would signal each other with whistles upon the approach of the king indicating that their fountain needed to be turned on. Once the king passed a fountain in play, it would be turned off and the fountaineer would signal that the next fountain could be turned on (Thompson, 2006).

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During the winter of 1774–1775, Louis XVI ordered the replanting of the gardens on the grounds that many of the trees were diseased or overgrown and needed to be replaced. Also, as the formality of the 17th-century garden had fallen out of fashion, this replantation sought to establish a new

4163:. In 1688, the bronze sculptures depicting children were installed as fountains. The statues – groups of three children – supported basins into which a single jet of water issued. Originally, the basins contained gilded lead fruit which were highly prized souvenirs during the reign of the 974:, as the commission is known, comprised twenty-four statues of the classic quaternities and four additional statues depicting abductions from the classic past. (Berger I, 1985; Friedman, 1988,1993; Hedin, 1981–1982; Marie, 1968; Nolhac, 1901; Thompson, 2006; Verlet, 1961, 1985; Weber, 1981) 1423:

The attempt to convert Le Nôtre's masterpiece into an English-style garden failed to achieve its desired goal. Owing largely to the topology of the land, the English esthetic was abandoned and the gardens replanted in the French style. However, with an eye on economy, Louis XVI ordered the

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by Le Nôtre in 1678, the landscape architect enhanced and incorporated an existing stream to create a bosquet that featured rivulets that twisted among nine islets. In 1684, Jules Hardouin-Mansart completely redesigned the bosquet by constructing a circular arched double peristyle. The

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over an English-style garden. Then, in 1860, much of the old growth from Louis XVI's replanting was removed and replaced. In 1870, a violent storm struck the area damaging and uprooting scores of trees, which necessitated a massive replantation program. However, owing to the

1303:, no significant work on the gardens was undertaken until 1704. Between 1704 and 1709, bosquets were modified, some quite radically, with new names suggesting the new austerity that characterized the latter years of Louis XIV's reign. (Marie 1976; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 459:

From this point forward, the expansion of the gardens of Versailles followed the expansions of the château. Accordingly, Louis XIV's building campaigns apply to the gardens as well. At every stage the prescribed tour was carefully managed, under the Sun King's directions.

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Technically, the "'Grotte de Thétys" played a critical role in the hydraulic system that supplied water to the garden. The roof of the grotto supported a reservoir that stored water pumped from the Clagny pond and which fed the fountains lower in the garden via gravity.

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fountains surrounding the central fountain were added. These additions were removed in 1708. When in play, this fountain has the tallest jet of all the fountains in the gardens of Versailles – 25 metres (Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985).

1774:, this bosquet contained a path encircling a central pentagonal area. In 1671, the bosquet was enlarged with a more elaborate system of paths that served to enhance the new central water feature, a fountain that resembled a mountain, hence the bosquets new name: 495:

The "Grotte de Thétys", which was located to the north of the château, formed part of the iconography of the château and of the gardens that aligned Louis XIV with solar imagery. The grotto would be completed during the second building campaign. (Verlet 1985)

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project. With the outbreak of the war, the project was abandoned, never to be completed. Had the aqueduct been completed, some 50,000 m of water would have been sent to Versailles – more than enough to solve the water problem of the gardens (Thompson, 2006).

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Despite the augmentation of water from the Bièvre, the gardens needed still more water, which necessitated more projects. In 1681, one of the most ambitious water projects conceived during the reign of Louis XIV was undertaken. Owing to the proximity of the

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One of the distinguishing features of the gardens during the second building campaign was the proliferation of bosquets. Expanding the layout established during the first building campaign, Le Nôtre added or expanded on no fewer that ten bosquets: The

1860:, the bosquet was completely remodeled in 1706. The central island was replaced by a large basin raised on five steps, which was surrounded by a canal. The central fountain contained 230 jets that, when in play, formed an obelisk – hence the new name 4535:

adapté, Ésope (0620?–0560? av J.-C. ) Auteur; Perrault, Charles (1628–1703) Auteur du commentaire; Le Brun, Charles (1619–1690) Illustrateur; Leclerc, Sébastien (1637–1714) Graveur; Benserade, Isaac de (1613–1691) Auteur du texte (12 February 1679).

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of Louis XIII, the Apollo Fountain, which was constructed between 1668 and 1671, depicts the sun god driving his chariot to light the sky. The fountain forms a focal point in the garden and serves as a transitional element between the gardens of the

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To meet the needs of the early expansions of the gardens under Louis XIV, water was pumped to gardens from ponds near the château, with the Clagny pond serving as the principal source. Water from the pond was pumped to the reservoir on top of the

1287:, this bosquet featured a circular peristyle formed from thirty-two arches with twenty-eight fountains and was Hardouin-Mansart's most architectural of the bosquets built in the gardens of Versailles (Marie 1972, 1976; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 1100:

who constructed the lake – occupied an area of marshes and ponds, some of which had been used to supply water for the fountains in the garden. This water feature, with a surface area of more than 15 hectares, is the second largest – after the

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Common to any long-lived garden is replantation, and Versailles is no exception. In their history, the gardens of Versailles have undergone no less than five major replantations, which have been executed for practical and aesthetic reasons.

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river to Versailles. By damming the river and with a pumping system of five windmills, water was brought to the reservoirs located on the Satory Plateau. This system brought an additional 72,000 m of water to the gardens (Thompson, 2006).

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The increasing demand for water and the stress placed on existing systems of water supply necessitated newer measures to increase the water supplied to Versailles. Between 1668 and 1674, a project was undertaken to divert the water of the

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in Rome. Surrounding a central area paved with colored stone, a channel was decorated with twenty statues on plinths each separated by three jets of water. The galerie was completely remodeled in 1704 when the statues were transferred to

2743:. Pumping capacity was increased via increased power and the number of pistons used for lifting the water. These improvements increased the water capacity to nearly 3,000 m of water per day; however, the increased capacity of the 780:, which occurred during the minority of Louis XIV. The link between Ovid's story and this episode from French history is emphasized by the reference to "mud slinging" in a political context. The revolts of the Fronde – the word 1960:, this bosquet survived the modifications of the 18th century, but was replanted in 1830 at which time the fountains were removed. In 2008, this bosquet was restored (Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 595:, the grotto formed an important symbolic and technical component to the gardens. Symbolically, the "Grotte de Thétys" related to the myth of Apollo – and by that association to Louis XIV. It was as the cave of the sea nymph 2644:-enclosed turf and gravel paths to create a formal arabesque design. Pruning is also done to keep trees between 17 and 23 metres (56 to 75 feet) tall, so as not to spoil the carefully calibrated perspectives of the gardens. 784:

also means slingshot – have been regarded as the origin of the use of the term "mud slinging" in a political context. (Berger, 1992; Marie, 1968, 1972, 1976; Nolhac, 1901; Thompson, 2006; Verlet, 1961, 1985; Weber, 1981)

527:– particularly the lack of housing for guests (most of them had to sleep in their carriages), Louis realized the shortcomings of Versailles and began to expand the château and the gardens once again. (Verlet, 1961, 1985) 5253: 1245:

Between 1686 and 1687, the Bassin de Latone, under the direction of Jules Hardouin-Mansart, was rebuilt. It is this version of the fountain that is today at Versailles. (Hedin 1992; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985)

492:, was located south of the château, a situation that took advantage of the natural slope of the hill. It provided a protected area in which orange trees were kept during the winter months. (Nolhac 1899, 1902) 348:– spectacles during which all the fountains in the gardens are in full play. Designed by André Le Nôtre, the Grand Canal is the masterpiece of the Gardens of Versailles. In the Gardens too, the 2783:

to Versailles, a project was proposed to raise the water from the river to be delivered to Versailles. Seizing upon the success of a system devised in 1680 that raised water from the Seine to the gardens of

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Between 1664 and 1668, a flurry of activity was evidenced in the gardens – especially with regard to fountains and new bosquets; it was during this time that the imagery of the gardens consciously exploited

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The marvel of the gardens of Versailles – then as now – is the fountains. Yet, the very element that animates the gardens, water, has proven to be the affliction of the gardens since the time of Louis XIV.

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required water and local ponds provided an adequate supply. However, once Louis XIV began expanding the gardens with more and more fountains, supplying the gardens with water became a critical challenge.

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to the reservoirs. Replenishment of the water lost due to evaporation comes from rainwater, which is collected in cisterns that are located throughout the gardens and diverted to the reservoirs and the

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of 1674 were relocated to other parts of the garden; two twin octagonal basins were constructed and decorated with bronze statues representing the four main rivers of France. In the same year, Le Vau's

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Owing to the many modifications made to the gardens between the 17th and the 19th centuries, many of the bosquets have undergone multiple modifications, which were often accompanied by name changes.

2276: 1140:– the expanse of lawn that stretches between the Latona Fountain and the Apollo Fountain – achieved its final size and definition under the direction of André Le Nôtre. (Nolhac 1901; Thompson 2006) 884:

and the junction of the northern transversal branch, Little Venice housed the caravels and yachts that were received from The Netherlands and the gondolas and gondoliers received as gifts from the

2044:, as it was renamed, originally featured thirty-two arches and thirty-one fountains – a single jet of water splashed into a basin center under the arch. In 1704, three additional entrances to the 2148: 4697:

dernier, les photos d'Ahae ont été présentées dans une expo organisée dans le jardin des Tuileries (Libération du 5 août 2012). Elles le seront à nouveau cet été dans l'orangerie de Versailles.

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While it was possible to keep the fountains in view from the château running, those concealed in the bosquets and in the farther reaches of the garden were run on an as-needed basis. In 1672,

699: 2720:. While this system solved some of the water supply problems, there was never enough water to keep all of the fountains running in the garden in full-play all of the time (Thompson, 2006). 1412:, the winter of 1774–1775 witnessed a complete replanting of the gardens. Trees and shrubbery dating from the reign of Louis XIV were felled or uprooted with the intent of transforming the 1404:'s ascension to the throne, the gardens of Versailles underwent a transformation that recalled the fourth building campaign of Louis XIV. Engendered by a change in outlook as advocated by 2833:– which is to say at half-pressure. With this measure of economy, fountains still consumed 12,800 m of water per day, far above the capacity of the existing supplies. In the case of the 2260: 2196: 2244: 2048:

were added, which reduced the number of fountains from thirty-one to twenty-eight. The statue that now occupies the center of the Colonnade – the Abduction of Persephone – (from the

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which administers Versailles, has stated that the intention is to return the gardens to their appearance under Louis XIV, specifically as he described them in his 1704 description,

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The campaign dates are as follows: First building campaign, 1661–1666; Second building campaign, 1670–1678; Third building campaign, 1680–1687; Fourth building campaign, 1704–1715.

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with a fountain that featured a dolphin. During the replantation of 1774–1775, both the bosquets were destroyed. The areas were replanted with lime trees and were rechristened the

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Modifications in the gardens during the third building campaign were distinguished by a stylistic change from the natural esthetic of André Le Nôtre to the architectonic style of

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and south of the Latona Fountain, this bosquet, which was designed by Le Nôtre and built between 1681 and 1683, features a semi-circular cascade that forms the backdrop for this

653: 2436: 1980:. As part of the reorganization of the garden that was ordered by Louis XIV in the early part of the 18th century, the Apollo grouping was moved once again to the site of the 1746:

contained fourteen water-wheels driving 253 pumps, some of which worked at a distance of three-quarters of a mile. Citing repair and maintenance costs, Louis XVI ordered the

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who was condemned to live below Mt. Etna, being consumed by volcanic lava. From its conception, this fountain was conceived as an allegory of Louis XIV's victory over the

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Between 9,000 and 10,000 troops were pressed in service in 1685; the next year, more than 20,000 soldiers were engaged in construction. Between 1686 and 1689, when the

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Owing to the cycle of replantations that has occurred at Versailles, it is safe to state that no trees dating from the time of Louis XIV are to be found in the gardens.

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informality in the gardens – that would also be less expensive to maintain – of Versailles. This, however, was not achieved as the topology of the gardens favored the

2164: 1988:. The statues were installed on marble plinths from which water issued; and each statue grouping was protected by an intricately carved and gilded baldachin. The old 1339:

Rather than expend resources on modifying the gardens at Versailles, Louis XV – an avid botanist – directed his efforts at Trianon. In the area now occupied by the

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With this new phase of construction, the gardens assumed the topographical and iconological design vocabulary that would remain in force until the 18th century. As

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Comme le soleil est le devise du Roi, et que les poëtes confondent le soleil et Apollon, il n'y a rien dans cette superbe maison qui n'ait rapport à cette divinité

344:, the fountains contribute to making the gardens of Versailles unique. On weekends from late spring to early autumn, the administration of the museum sponsors the 2576: 2532: 1327:

With the departure of the king and court from Versailles in 1715 following the death of Louis XIV, the palace and gardens entered an era of uncertainty. In 1722,

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served as a venue for boating parties. In 1674, as a result of a series of diplomatic arrangements that benefited Louis XIV, the king ordered the construction of

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These two bosquets were first laid out in 1663. Located north and south of the east–west axis, these two bosquets were arranged as a series of paths around four

4769: 523:, Louis' mistress, was held in May of that year. Guests were regaled with fabulous entertainments in the gardens over a period of one week. As a result of this 5443: 4650: 2228: 895:

also served a practical role. Situated at a low point in the gardens, it collected water it drained from the fountains in the garden above. Water from the

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The following are sources that have contributed to the above article. It is not an exhaustive list, yet it represents the most readily available imprints:

2892:. Assiduous husbanding of this resource by museum officials prevents tapping into the supply of potable water of the city of Versailles (Thompson, 2006). 2117:

was remodeled in 1707 when the central island was removed and an additional entrance was added (Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985).

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who responded by turning the Lycians into frogs. This episode from mythology has been seen by historians in reference as an allegory to the revolts of the

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Three additions formed the topological and symbolic nexus of the gardens during this phase of construction: the completion of the "Grotte de Thétys", the "

4618: 1577: 634: 613: 5098: 1377:. It was at the Petit Trianon that Louis XV fell fatally ill with smallpox; on 10 May 1774, the king died at Versailles. (Marie, 1984; Thompson, 2006) 7138: 1803:. During the reign of Louis XVI, Hubert Robert remodeled the bosquet, creating a cave-like setting for the Marsy statues. The bosquet was renamed the 4592: 3434:

Berger I, 1985; Bottineau, 1988; Mariage, 1986; Marie, 1968; Nolhac, 1901, 1925; Thompson, 2006; Verlet, 1961, 1985; Waltisperger, 1984; Weber, 1993.

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in 1671, which served as drainage for the fountains of the garden, water, via a system of windmills, was pumped back to the reservoir on top of the

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During Louis XIV's reign, water supply systems represented one-third of the building costs of Versailles. Even with the additional output from the

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In addition to the expansion of existing bosquets and the construction of new ones, there were two additional projects that defined this era, the

4555: 4525:, 1686); (Monicart, 1720); (Piganiole de la Force, 1701); (Princess Palatine, 1981); (Saint-Simon, 1953–61); (Scudéry, 1669); (Sourches, 1882–93) 5263: 2132: 4361: 4323: 4285: 4216: 4178: 4115: 4055: 4017: 3979: 3941: 3865: 3827: 3789: 3751: 3662: 3611: 3573: 3535: 3497: 2105: 4399: 4254: 3903: 3713: 2614:

allowed museum and governmental authorities to restore and rebuild some of the bosquets abandoned during the reign of Louis XVI, such as the

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east of the Petit Trianon. Some of the exotic specimens from the botanic garden were preserved in the gardens, but most were brought to the

4823: 2678:, which fed the fountains in the garden by means of gravitational hydraulics. Other sources included a series of reservoirs located on the 1976:

in 1684, the bosquet was remodeled to accommodate the statues and the Fame fountain was removed. At this time the bosquet was rechristened

5807: 3369: 3342: 2356: 456:, Louis began an embellishment and expansion program at Versailles that would occupy his time and worries for the remainder of his reign. 2837:– when all the fountains played to their maximum – more than 10,000 m of water was needed for one afternoon's display. Accordingly, the 2292: 2983:

Bottineau, Yves. "Essais sur le Versailles de Louis XIV I: La distribution du château Versailles, le plan du domaine et de la ville."

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was remodeled to respond to the new architecture of this part of the château. To compensate for the loss of the reservoir on top of the

5862: 5777: 5772: 5436: 5248: 5047: 2484: 395: 7054: 5302: 5141: 5113: 5075: 5057: 5006: 4895: 2759: 1956:, at which time the triumphal arch was added – hence the name. Most of these pieces were destroyed during the Revolution. As with the 1726:

worked on these thirty-nine fountains each of which was accompanied by a plaque on which the fable was printed, with verse written by

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located at the base of the Satory hill south of the château. Later modifications in the garden would transform this fountain into the

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In 1662, minor modifications to the château were undertaken; however, greater attention was given to developing the gardens. Existing

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One final attempt to solve water shortage problems was undertaken in 1685. In this year it was proposed to divert the water of the

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contained thirty-nine fountains with 333 painted metal animal sculptures. The water for the elaborate waterworks was conveyed from

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near-constant rearranging of the statues that decorated the bosquet. In 1709, the bosquet was rearranged with the addition of the

1271:, this bosquet was designed as an amphitheater that featured a cascade – the only one surviving in the gardens of Versailles. The 912: 7148: 6863: 4918: 4816: 1488:

and grandson of Claude Richard – lobbied the government to save Versailles. He succeeded in preventing further dispersing of the

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and to meet the increased demand for water, Jules Hardouin-Mansart designed new and larger reservoirs situated due north of the

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of the Louis XIII's château provided a means by which, though the decoration of the garden façade, imagery in the decors of the

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were constructed at this time, giving the gardens just south of the château their present configuration and decoration.

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Börtz-Laine, Agenta. "Un grand pavillon d'Apollon pour Versailles: les origines du projet de Nicodème Tessin le jeun."

4677: 1785: 1628: 329:, the gardens are now one of the most visited public sites in France, receiving more than six million visitors a year. 318:

to the north, the Versailles plain (a protected wildlife preserve) to the west, and by the Satory Forest to the south.

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and which converged on a central "room" that contained a fountain. In 1682, the southern bosquet was remodeled as the

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demolished in 1778. In its place, an arboretum of exotic trees was planted as an English-styled garden. Rechristened

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During this phase of construction, three of the garden's major bosquets were modified or created. Beginning with the

6281: 5942: 4654: 1642:, thus named due to spoke-like arrangement of the central fountain. The northern bosquet was rebuilt in 1696 as the 1179: 5019: 3461:

Tour directions for the official guides have survived; they are discussed by Robert W. Berger and Thomas P. Hedin,

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79 pumps. Finally, 78 additional pumps raised the water to the aqueduct, which carried the water to Versailles and

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in such a way as to serve the Dauphin's education (Perrault, 1669). Between 1672 and 1677, Le Nôtre redesigned the

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Friedman, Ann. "Charles Le Brun as Landscape Architect: His Designs for the First Parterre d'eau at Versailles."

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painted tin leaves that sprouted water from its branches. Because of this tree, the bosquet was also known as the

5907: 4996: 2203: 1311: 862:, which was built between 1668 and 1671, physically and visually prolongs the east–west axis to the walls of the 6431: 5937: 2770:, showing the Machine de Marly on the Seine, the Louveciennes hillside, and in the background to the right, the 1972:

featured a fountain statue of Fame – hence the name of the bosquet. With the relocation of the statues from the

5687: 4991: 4908: 1944:– a round open expanse with a square fountain in the center. In 1676, this bosquet, located to the east of the 1755: 1517: 1257:(1678). This bosquet was conceived as an open-air gallery in which antique statues and copies acquired by the 6880: 2685: 2070:

was designed in 1680 to house the collection of antique statues and copies of antique statues acquired by the

1952:, was enlarged and redecorated along political lines that alluded to French military victories over Spain and 7133: 6674: 6603: 5273: 4928: 4625: 4497: 2693:

By 1664, increased demand for water necessitated additional sources. In that year, Louis Le Vau designed the

1545: 1300: 1296: 5829: 2562:"Versailles, le jardin du Roi" by Raimundo de Madrazo y Garreta, 1914–1920, oil on canvas, 17 x 30 cm, 1996:

due to two domed pavilions built in the bosquet (Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985).

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in Paris. A lake and several meandering rivers were formed as part of the new landscaping and the architect

7143: 6933: 5987: 5947: 5902: 5897: 5473: 1932:

was restored and reinaugurated on 12 June 2004 (Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985).

1723: 744: 740: 712: 592: 588: 326: 82: 5548: 4596: 5952: 5852: 5737: 4595:[Ahae at Versailles — the privilege of money] (in French). louvrepourtous.fr. Archived from 1675: 1584:

on 10 June 1837), the gardens, by contrast, remained untouched. With the exception of the state visit of

1516:

era largely ignored Versailles. In the château, a suite of rooms was arranged for the use of the empress

1457: 919: 4741:

train station in the city of Versailles, was filled in during the 18th century due to sanitary concerns.

1160:

was demolished to accommodate a larger structure designed by Jules Hardouin-Mansart. In addition to the

548:

of the king and queen formed a symbiosis with the imagery of the gardens. (Lighthart, 1997; Mâle, 1927)

179:

Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles, French Ministry of Culture

6649: 5972: 5278: 2962:

Berger, Robert W. "Les guides imprimés de Versailles sous Louis XIV et le œuvres d'art allégoriques."

1481: 6164: 5787: 5038: 2701:

drew water from the Clagny pond using a system of windmills and horsepower to a cistern housed in the

1877:. As part of the replantation of the gardens ordered by Louis XVI during the winter of 1774–1775, the 315: 6968: 6529: 6189: 6159: 1601: 1456:

was entrusted with designing follies to embellish the gardens like the Grotto, the Belvedere and the

336:, and sculptures are the fountains, which are located throughout the garden. Dating from the time of 6824: 6772: 6715: 6679: 6496: 6276: 1786:

Bosquet du Marais – Bosquet du Chêne Vert – Bosquet des Bains d'Apollon – Grotte des Bains d'Apollon

1629:

Deux Bosquets – Bosquet de la Girondole – Bosquet du Dauphin – Quinconce du Nord – Quinconce du Midi

1552:

in 1814, the gardens of Versailles witnessed the first modifications since the Revolution. In 1817,

408: 6841: 6752: 6654: 6629: 6578: 6421: 6112: 5962: 5877: 5857: 5677: 5638: 5225: 5199: 3387: 3075:

Hedin, Thomas. "Versailles and the 'Mercure Gallant': The Promenade of the Siamese Ambassadors."

3018:

Fennebresque, Juste. "Construction projetée sous Louis XIV à Versailles d'un pavillon d'Apollon."

1719: 1417: 1238:

over 80 kilometres, including aqueducts of heroic scale, but the works were abandoned in 1690: see

6080: 6012: 6002: 5927: 5747: 5283: 4865: 2709:– 600 m of water per day – alleviated some of the water shortages in the garden (Thompson, 2006). 1836:

to be completely remodeled as an English-style garden. At this time, the bosquet was rechristened

520: 7081: 6836: 6762: 6747: 6684: 6553: 6486: 6050: 5195: 5181: 5171: 4861: 2802: 2771: 2015: 436:, who was accused by rivals of embezzling crown funds in order to build his luxurious château at 6809: 6767: 6757: 6286: 6144: 1762:, transpired in 1785 (Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Perrault 1669; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 6506: 6055: 5997: 5967: 5912: 5358: 3373: 3346: 1857: 1589: 1258: 1133: 516: 484:

were expanded and new ones created. Most significant among the creations at this time were the

463: 166: 6396: 5752: 5154: 2054:

of 1664) was set in place in 1696 (Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985).

499:

By 1664, the gardens had evolved to the point that Louis XIV inaugurated the gardens with the

7086: 7076: 6721: 6705: 6583: 6391: 6386: 6204: 5932: 5922: 5917: 5882: 5872: 5732: 5589: 5478: 4968: 3232:

Pinatel, Christine. "Un dessin révèle l'origine d'un marbre antique du parc de Versailles."

3135:

Marriage, Thierry. "L'univers de Le Nostre et les origines de l'aménagement du territoire."

3096:

Lighthart, Edward. "Archétype et symbole dans le style Louis XIV versaillais: réflexions sur

2785: 2724: 1405: 1365:(1705–1784), assumed administration of the botanical gardens. In 1761, Louis XV commissioned 7004: 6943: 6853: 6194: 4802: 7059: 7039: 7024: 6787: 6634: 6548: 6541: 6266: 6261: 6231: 5982: 5503: 5042: 4855: 2915: 2636:

to their original formal layout, as they appeared under Le Nôtre. This was achieved in the

1413: 1366: 1320: 485: 299: 295: 291: 6782: 6311: 6117: 6060: 6035: 5717: 4797: 2524: 2491: 2235: 2219: 1819:– contained an island that formed the focal point of a system of elaborate fountains. The 1715: 1136:. The first major modification to the gardens during this phase occurred in 1680 when the 686: 580: 306:. Beyond the surrounding belt of woodland, the gardens are bordered by the urban areas of 298:, the gardens cover some 800 hectares of land, much of which is landscaped in the classic 8: 6890: 6700: 6669: 6381: 6296: 6291: 6184: 6169: 5892: 5887: 5867: 5647: 5618: 5243: 3313:

Weber, Gerold. "Réflexions sur la genèse du jardin français classique et de son décor."

3270: 2597: 1473: 986: 833: 817: 773: 564: 552: 453: 367: 303: 151: 6501: 6481: 6070: 6045: 6040: 5792: 5657: 4945: 4886: 4755: 4092: 3068:

Hedin, Thomas. "The Parterre d'eau at Versailles: an eighteenth-century recollection."

2807: 2621: 2076: 424:

definition of the main east–west and north–south axis that anchors the gardens' layout.

7019: 6958: 6624: 6563: 6401: 6341: 6331: 6321: 6306: 6271: 6174: 6030: 5957: 5613: 5542: 5488: 5460: 5163: 4983: 4923: 2872: 2868: 2856: 2656: 2113:

was inaugurated in 1683 by Louis XIV's son, the Grand Dauphin, with a dance party. The

1727: 1711: 1520:, but the gardens were left unchanged, save for the disastrous felling of trees in the 1461: 1449: 1341: 1227: 707: 661: 5707: 5121: 6536: 6095: 5977: 5722: 5623: 5608: 5528: 5523: 5483: 4964: 4954: 4913: 4549: 3058: 2009: 1984:– located near the Latona Fountain – which was destroyed and was replaced by the new 1707: 1528:. Massive soil erosion necessitated planting new trees. (Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 1350: 765: 307: 63: 7014: 6938: 6336: 6090: 6075: 5782: 5574: 3320:

Wiebenson, Dora. "Commentaires anglais du XVIIe siècle sur le parc de Versailles."

2752: 2563: 1592:

in 1855, at which time the gardens were a setting for a gala fête that recalled the

488:

and the "Grotte de Thétys". (Nolhac 1901, 1925) The Orangery, which was designed by

378: 6925: 6870: 6831: 6639: 6598: 6524: 6426: 6416: 6406: 6301: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6199: 6100: 6007: 5702: 5633: 5600: 5508: 5452: 5191: 5177: 5015: 4903: 3082:

Hoog, Simone. "Sur la restauration de quelques sculptures du parc du Versailles."

2790: 2606: 1759: 1739: 1730:; from these plaques, Louis XIV's son learned to read. Once completed in 1677, the 1689: 1662: 1657: 1613: 1581: 1444: 1117: 1105:– at Versailles. (Marie 1972, 1975; Nolhac 1901, 1925; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 801: 690: 584: 560: 357: 6739: 6466: 6326: 6085: 6065: 5802: 5797: 5103: 4973: 4847: 4521:

Period sources include: (Anonymous, 1685); (Dangeau, 1854–60); (Félibien, 1703); (

1778:. The bosquet was completely remodeled in 1704 at which time it was rechristened 1504:

In 1793 most of the decorative pieces of the Triumphal Arch Grove were destroyed.

1253:, this bosquet was constructed in 1680 on the site of the earlier and short-lived 867: 666: 576: 575:

Started in 1664 and finished in 1670 with the installation of the statuary by the

341: 7029: 6999: 6915: 6910: 6729: 6644: 6593: 6491: 6476: 6471: 6451: 6376: 6316: 6154: 5992: 5662: 5468: 5382: 5254:

Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe

5239: 5028: 4941: 4808: 4537: 3651:

shown here is likely a project that was never executed (Hazlehurst, 1980, p. 81).

2957:

In the Gardens of the Sun King: Studies on the Park of Versailles Under Louis XIV

2050: 1385: 970: 928: 769: 726: 512: 449: 437: 433: 278: 270: 156: 7066: 7009: 6885: 2879:

Today, the museum of Versailles is still faced with water problems. During the

1843: 1795:. In 1705, this bosquet was destroyed in order to allow for the creation of the 1576:

While much of the château's interior was irreparably altered to accommodate the

1113: 891:

Above and beyond the decorative and festive aspects of this garden feature, the

501: 7112: 7071: 6989: 6953: 6900: 6803: 6710: 6659: 6356: 6256: 6107: 5579: 5564: 5559: 5370: 2927: 2902: 2610:, replantation of the garden did not get underway until 1883 (Thompson, 2006). 2057: 1925: 1585: 1203: 1076:

was designed to form a topological pendant along the north–south axis with the

964:

commissioned a series of statues intended to decorate the water feature of the

948:

Situated above the Latona Fountain is the terrace of the château, known as the

885: 810: 747:, and constructed between 1668 and 1670, the fountain depicted an episode from 625: 411:

in 1632 and his assumption of the seigneurial role of Versailles in the 1630s,

7049: 6848: 6446: 6436: 5812: 4569: 1147:

was remodeled under the direction of Jules Hardouin-Mansart. Statues from the

888:, hence the name. (Marie 1968; Nolhac 1901, 1925; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 340:

and still using much of the same network of hydraulics as was used during the

7127: 6994: 6799: 6795: 6568: 6461: 6456: 6411: 6371: 6346: 6224: 6179: 5727: 5554: 5220: 5159: 5024: 4949: 4438: 4414: 4401: 4376: 4363: 4338: 4325: 4300: 4287: 4269: 4256: 4231: 4218: 4193: 4180: 4130: 4117: 4070: 4057: 4032: 4019: 3994: 3981: 3956: 3943: 3918: 3905: 3880: 3867: 3842: 3829: 3804: 3791: 3766: 3753: 3728: 3715: 3677: 3664: 3626: 3613: 3588: 3575: 3550: 3537: 3512: 3499: 1890: 1453: 1433: 1432:. The rockwork grotto set in an English style bosquet was the masterpiece of 1370: 876: 772:, who refused to let her and her children drink from their pond, appealed to 752: 416: 412: 353: 352: was built to provide the Sun King with the retreat he wanted. The 349: 104: 91: 6814: 4682: 2852: 415:

were laid out west of the château. Records indicate that late in the decade

323:

Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles

7107: 7044: 6963: 6948: 6819: 6588: 6441: 6246: 6124: 5537: 5533: 5518: 5513: 5498: 5493: 5288: 5235: 5186: 5126: 3299:

Weber, Gerold. "Charles LeBrun: Recueil des divers dessins de fontaines."

2911: 2907: 2601: 2475: 2459: 2443: 2427: 2411: 2395: 2379: 2363: 2347: 2331: 2315: 2299: 2283: 2267: 2251: 2187: 2171: 2155: 2139: 1597: 1097: 956:

provided a setting in which the imagery and symbolism of the decors of the

935: 903:

via a network of windmill-powered and horse-powered pumps. (Thompson 2006)

489: 445: 161: 3128:

Mâle, Émile. "Le clef des allégories peintes et sculptées de Versailles."

794: 6619: 6361: 6251: 6149: 5594: 5406: 5334: 5167: 4570:"Mazes and Labyrinths: Chapter XIV. The Topiary Labyrinth, or Hedge Maze" 3260:

Souchal, François. "Les statues aux façades du château de Versailles."

2728: 1815:

Originally designed in 1671 as two separate water features, the larger –

1553: 1480:

were parceled and dispersed. Sensing the potential threat to Versailles,

1409: 5584: 2640:

in 2013, when the 19th century lawns and flower beds were replaced with

1195:

was demolished. (Marie 1968, 1972, 1976; Nolhac 1899, 1901, 1902, 1925)

444:

turned his attention to Versailles. With the aid of Fouquet's architect

7034: 6241: 6236: 5034: 4770:"A Little Chaos masks the true story of Versailles' incredible gardens" 2666: 1681: 404: 311: 2900:

The creation of the gardens of Versailles is the context for the film

1889:

was recreated in 2014, with South Korean businessman and photographer

1464:

was built between 1782 and 1788, designed by Mique and Hubert Robert.

1263:

in Rome were displayed. The following year, construction began on the

6366: 6351: 4164: 1765: 1735: 1401: 961: 441: 337: 4714:"France's aristocratic gardens weave a pathway from present to past" 3227:

Nouvelle description des chasteaux et parcs de Versailles et Marly.

1848:

In 1671, André Le Nôtre conceived a bosquet – originally christened

1684:

of unadorned paths in an area south of the Latona Fountain near the

6973: 5421: 5398: 5394: 5362: 5330: 5088: 4959: 4624:(in French). Château de Versailles. 28 January 2014. Archived from 4456: 3698:

For the relation of the imagery of the garden and the decor of the

3463:

Diplomastic Tours Through the Gardens of Versailles Under Louis XIV

3416:. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization 3409: 1549: 1513: 1328: 982: 481: 360:, who spent her time there with her closest relatives and friends. 333: 3292:

Waltisperger, Chantal. "La clôture du grand parc de Versailles."

2969:

Berger, Robert W. "A Source for the Latona Group at Versailles."

1867: 370:

for their cultural importance during the 17th and 18th centuries.

363:

In 1979, the gardens along with the château were inscribed on the

6895: 5410: 5390: 5374: 5366: 5354: 5350: 5346: 5340: 5322: 5318: 5306: 5093: 4876: 2801:

was designed to lift water from the Seine in three stages to the

2641: 1953: 1187:

Additionally, to accommodate the anticipated construction of the

1168:, which facilitated access to the gardens from the south, to the 600: 477: 287: 5231:

Funerary and memory sites of the First World War (Western Front)

1754:, it would be in this part of the garden that an episode of the 1390:

Gardens and palace of Versailles in 1746, by the abbot Delagrive

1373:

as a residence that would allow him to spend more time near the

905: 787: 5742: 5386: 4441:

Visitors to Versailles: From Louis XIV to the French Revolution

3050:. Preface by Pierre Lemoine. (New York: Vendôme Press, 1983). 2818:

consumed more water per day than the entire city of Paris, the

1894: 1799:, which was created to house the statues had once stood in the 1476:, some of the trees in gardens were felled, while parts of the 1231: 1121: 777: 761: 757: 596: 537: 364: 325:, an autonomous public entity operating under the aegis of the 67: 4803:

Catalog of sculptures in the gardens of Versailles and Trianon

3093:. (Paris: Éditions de la Réunion des musées nationaux, 1982). 1911: 850:. (Marie 1968; Nolhac 1901, 1925; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 5402: 5378: 5326: 5312: 4871: 3057:. (Nashville, Tennessee: Vanderbilt University Press, 1980). 2780: 1963: 1844:

Salle des Festins – Salle du Conseil – Bosquet de l'Obélisque

253:

5.57 km Grand Canal (circumference; surface area 23 ha.)

4534: 3118:. ed. Pierre Jaquillard. (Lyon: Courrier de La Cote, n.d). 2282:"Bosquet de l'Arc de Triomphe-vue depuis la Salle basse" by 2087:(Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 2058:

Galerie d'Eau – Galerie des Antiques – Salle des Marronniers

1885:(Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 1864:(Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 1840:(Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 1810: 1807:(Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 1782:(Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 1706:

to feature thirty-nine fountains that depicted stories from

1654:(Marie 1968, 1972, 1976, 1984; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 858:

With a length of 1,500 metres and a width of 62 metres, the

5131: 5083: 3197:

Nolhac, Pierre de. "L'orangerie de Mansart à Versailles."

2863: 1899: 1235: 748: 511:. The event, which officially was to celebrate his mother, 5094:

Prehistoric sites and decorated caves of the Vézère valley

4461:. Boston: The Architectural Book Publishing Co. p. 4. 1279:. Between 1684 and 1685, Jules Hardouin-Mansart built the 1267:. Located in a secluded section of the garden west of the 1226:(Thompson 2006). Construction for the ruinously expensive 960:

synthesized with the iconography of the gardens. In 1664,

4619:"Un jardin contemporain pour le bosquet du théâtre d'eau" 2871:

began, one-tenth of France's military was at work on the

2632:. This involves restoring some of the parterres like the 2127:

Bosquets of the gardens of Versailles: 17th-century views

2079:

and the bosquet was replanted with horse chestnut trees (

1940:

Originally, this bosquet was planned in 1672 as a simple

1580:

dedicated to "all the glories of France" (inaugurated by

1540:

The varying reactions of visitors in the mid-19th century

4155:, this incline forms a transitional element between the 3013:

Description sommaire de Versailles ancienne et nouvelle.

2883:, water is circulated by means of modern pumps from the 1045:

in 1678 (Marie 1972, 1976; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985).

934:"View of the garden facade from the Basin de Latone" by 4651:"Bosquet du Théâtre d'Eau – Château de Versailles" 3091:

Louis XIV: Manière de montrer les jardins de Versailles

3032:

Friedman, Ann. "The evolution of the Parterre d'eau."

2918:

plays André Le Nôtre and Rickman plays King Louis XIV.

1928:

damage in the park in 1990 and then again in 1999, the

1571: 540:

and solar imagery as metaphors for Louis XIV. Le Vau's

4439:

Bertrand Rondot, Daniëlle O. Kisluk-Grosheide (2018).

3306:

Weber, Gerold. "Ein Kascadenprojekt für Versailles."

3104:

au début de l'époque moderne." (Doctoral thesis, 1997)

1416:

of Le Nôtre and Hardouin-Mansart into a version of an

731:

Located on the east–west axis just west and below the

3125:. ed. Charles Dreyss. (Paris: Didier et Cie, 1860). 2550:

Bassin d'Apollon – Apollo Fountain, contemporary view

2030: 3174:. Ed. Cosnac & Pontel, 13 vol. (Paris, 1882–93). 2218:"Bosquet de l'Île Royale et le Bassin du Miroir" by 899:

was pumped back to the reservoir on the roof of the

432:

In 1661, after the disgrace of the finance minister

2822:remained in operation until 1817 (Thompson, 2006). 2523:La Colonnade with the "Abduction of Persephone" by 2109:, which supported candelabra for illumination, the 1770:Originally designed by André Le Nôtre in 1661 as a 1669: 1068:, which was located north of the château below the 4838: 4754:could be diverted for use at either Versailles or 4538:"Labyrinte de Versailles : [estampe]" 4443:. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 18, 197–198. 3206:Les dernières Constructions de Le Vau à Versailles 1828:A century later, in 1817, Louis XVIII ordered the 1766:Bosquet de la Montagne d'Eau – Bosquet de l'Étoile 1617:ongoing to this day. (Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 1275:was inaugurated in 1685 with a ball hosted by the 809:"View of the Bassin de Laoton, 1678" engraving by 3107:Loach, J. "Le labyrinthe et l'esprit du XVIIe." 3029:. (Paris: Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, 1970). 2747:often left the Clagny pond dry (Thompson, 2006). 2154:"Vue de l'intérieur du bosquet du Labyrinthe" by 1084:. (Marie 1972, 1975; Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 7125: 4480: 2841:were reserved for special occasions such as the 2697:, a water tower built north of the château. The 880:(Little Venice). Located at the junction of the 42:Aerial view of the gardens from above the palace 4584: 3006:Description sommaire du chasteau de Versailles. 2618:, which was restored in 2004. (Thompson, 2006) 2511:Bosquet of the Salle de Bal, contemporary view. 2022:. In 1678, an octagonal ring of turf and eight 1935: 1868:Bosquet du Théâtre d'Eau – Bosquet du Rond-Vert 332:In addition to the meticulous manicured lawns, 4485:. London: William Heinemann. pp. 285–286. 2571: 2538:Grotte des Bains d'Apollon, contemporary view. 2170:"Bosquet de l'Étoile ou la Montagne d'eau" by 1881:was destroyed and replaced with the unadorned 1380: 1295:Due to financial constraints arising from the 5437: 4824: 4593:"Ahae à Versailles, le privilège de l'argent" 3273:and the Creation of the Gardens of Versailles 2990:Dangeau, Philippe de Courcillon, marquis de. 2442:"Bosquet des trois fontaines-vue de face" by 2266:"Bosquet des trois fontaines-vue du côté" by 837:– the Apollo Fountain. Occupying the site of 5783:Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge 4737:The Clagny pond, which was located near the 4457:James Alexander Arnott, John Wilson (1913). 4093:"Versailles/Les bosquets: scènes du pouvoir" 2829:, fountains in the garden could only be run 2774:to which the water was pumped by the Machine 2630:Manière de Montrer les Jardins de Versailles 2458:"Le théâtre d'eau-vue de l'amphithéâtre" by 1600:ignored the château, preferring instead the 977: 816:"View of the Bassin d'Apollon" engraving by 5031:, Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance 4711: 4554:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3282:. (Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard, 1985). 3048:Versailles gardens: sculpture and mythology 2234:"Salle des Festins ou Salle du Conseil" by 1912:Bosquet des Trois Fontaines (Berceau d'Eau) 1290: 530: 5863:Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist 5444: 5430: 5249:Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France 5048:Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps 4831: 4817: 4590: 3380: 3289:. (Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard, 1961). 2999:Le Petit-Trianon: histoire et description. 1964:Bosquet de la Renommée – Bosquet des Dômes 1620: 1443:At the Petit Trianon, which was gifted to 1440:were placed. (Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985) 1108: 1087: 739:. Designed by André Le Nôtre, sculpted by 471: 250:620 water jets (fed by 35 km. piping) 4452: 4450: 4434: 4432: 3036:vol. 8, no. 1 (January–March 1988): 1–30. 3001:Versailles: L. Bernard, Libraire-Editeur. 2987:6 pér., vol. 112 (septembre 1988): 77–89. 2581:Gardens and palace of Versailles in 1920s 2500:Modern views of the gardens of Versailles 1811:Île du Roi – Miroir d'Eau – Jardin du Roi 1460:. Beyond the "Anglo-Chinese" garden, the 5066:Abbey Church of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe 3359:, originally at www.chateauversailles.fr 2851: 2758: 2739:was enlarged – hence referred to as the 2684: 2575: 2120: 2004:Created in 1675 at the same time as the 1999: 1656: 1535: 1384: 1310: 1197: 1178: 1112: 981: 831:Further along the east–west axis is the 462: 394: 377: 6864:Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial 5284:Pitons, cirques and remparts of Réunion 4919:Champagne hillsides, houses and cellars 4761: 4707: 4705: 3264:6 pér., vol. 79 (février 1972): 65–110. 3239:Princesse Palatine, duchess d'Orléans. 3208:. (Versailles : L. Bernard, 1899). 3079:6 pér., vol. 119 (avril 1992): 149–172. 2973:6 pér., vol. 119 (avril 1992): 145–148. 2008:, the fountain of this bosquet depicts 1336:(1738–1741). (Marie 1984; Verlet 1985) 1234:it was intended to bring waters of the 927:"View of the Grand Canal" engraving by 7139:Châteaux with formal gardens in France 7126: 5216:The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier 4767: 4675: 4653:. Chateauversailles.fr. Archived from 4591:Hasquenoph, Bernard (29 August 2013). 4447: 4429: 3246:Saint-Simon, Louis de Rouvoy, duc de. 3070:Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 2950:Description du chasteau de Versailles. 2914:plays a fictional landscape gardener, 1496:were abolished by suggesting that the 1345:, Louis XV constructed and maintained 1191:– the north wing of the château – the 5773:Musée national des Monuments Français 5693:Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme 5425: 5150:Roman and Romanesque monuments, Arles 4812: 3402: 3301:Münchner Jahrbuch der bildenden Kunst 3241:Lettres de Madame, duchesse d'Orléans 2895: 2682:south of the château (Verlet, 1985). 2250:"Le théâtre d'eau-vue de a scène" by 1230:was inaugurated in 1685; designed by 1128:and the Grand Canal in the background 277: 7103:List of tourist attractions in Paris 5778:Muséum national d'histoire naturelle 5451: 4702: 2997:Desjardins, Gustave Adolphe (1885). 1572:The July Monarchy; The Second Empire 1283:. Located on the site of Le Nôtre's 1059: 768:, being tormented with mud slung by 5668:Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie 4678:"Versailles redébusque son bosquet" 3043:vol. 17, n.s., 2 (May 1993): 24–35. 2934:History of the Palace of Versailles 1698:– advised Louis XIV to remodel the 1607: 1564:into an English-style garden – the 1239: 826: 720: 570: 373: 314:to the north-east, by the National 282:) occupy part of what was once the 13: 3465:(University of Pennsylvania) 2008. 3317:vol. 17, n.s., 2 (May 1993): 1–23. 3310:Band 37, Heft 3/4 (1974): 248–268. 3269:The Sun King's Garden: Louis XIV, 3213:Versailles, Résidence de Louis XIV 3172:Mémoires sur le règne de Louis XIV 3137:Monuments historiques de la France 3084:Monuments historiques de la France 2031:Bosquet des Sources – La Colonnade 1680:In 1665, André Le Nôtre planned a 14: 7160: 6859:Mémorial de la France combattante 6574:Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge 5673:Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume 4791: 4495: 3199:Revue de l'Histoire de Versailles 3130:Revue de l'Histoire de Versailles 3020:Revue de l'Histoire de Versailles 2650: 2202:"Bosquet des Bains d'Apollon" by 943: 384:Plan of the gardens of Versailles 6778:Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye 5020:Royal Saltworks of Arc-et-Senans 4885: 4676:launet, Eduard (27 March 2013). 3158:Versailles au temps de Louis XIV 2705:s building. The capacity of the 2555: 2543: 2531: 2516: 2504: 2483: 2467: 2451: 2435: 2419: 2403: 2387: 2371: 2355: 2339: 2323: 2307: 2291: 2275: 2259: 2243: 2227: 2211: 2195: 2179: 2163: 2147: 2131: 1670:Labyrinthe – Bosquet de la Reine 918: 911: 800: 793: 698: 674: 652: 633: 612: 279:[ʒaʁdɛ̃dyʃɑtod(ə)vɛʁsɑj] 275:Jardins du château de Versailles 233:210,000 flowers planted annually 36: 30:Jardins du château de Versailles 5763:Musée national Eugène Delacroix 4997:Nord-Pas de Calais Mining Basin 4768:Powell, Robin (20 March 2015). 4744: 4731: 4669: 4643: 4611: 4562: 4528: 4515: 4489: 4474: 4465: 4391: 4353: 4315: 4246: 4208: 4170: 4145: 4107: 4085: 4047: 4009: 3971: 3933: 3895: 3857: 3819: 3781: 3743: 3705: 3692: 3654: 3641: 3603: 3565: 3527: 3488: 3477: 3410:"Palace and Park of Versailles" 3370:"Source: Château de Versailles" 3165:Versailles au temps de Louis XV 3053:Hazlehurst, Franklin Hamilton. 2910:and released in 2015, in which 2090: 2035:Designed as a simple unadorned 1948:and forming the pendant to the 1578:Museum of the History of France 706:Apollo's horses groomed by two 660:Apollo's horses groomed by two 508:Les Plaisirs de l’Île enchantée 7149:World Heritage Sites in France 6282:Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall 4992:Belfries of Belgium and France 4909:Belfries of Belgium and France 4840:World Heritage Sites in France 4498:"Bosquet de l'Arc de triomphe" 3468: 3455: 3446: 3437: 3428: 3362: 3335: 3308:Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschicte 3139:143 (février-mars 1986): 8–13. 2727:devised a system by which the 2103:. Interspersed with gilt lead 1920:and replacing the short-lived 1756:Affair of the Diamond Necklace 1604:(Thompson 2006; Verlet 1985). 1556:ordered the conversion of the 1531: 1484:(1754–1821) – director of the 1472:In 1792, under order from the 1436:in which the statues from the 853: 294:. Situated to the west of the 1: 6906:Sèvres – Cité de la céramique 6876:Musée de l'air et de l'espace 5818:Palais de la Légion d'Honneur 5768:Musée national Gustave Moreau 5274:French Austral Lands and Seas 4856:Palace and Park of Versailles 3183:Monicart, Jean-Baptiste de. 1875:Fontaine de l'Île aux Enfants 1507: 1467: 1353:. In 1750, the year in which 1301:War of the Spanish Succession 1297:War of the League of Augsburg 1210:With the construction of the 407:final purchase of lands from 390: 6934:Bastille Day military parade 6432:Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré 5898:Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle 5823:Musée de la Légion d'honneur 5758:Musée National d'Art Moderne 5698:Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris 5474:Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel 3414:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 3388:"Palace of Versailles facts" 3255:La promenade de Versailles. 3187:. (Paris: E. Ganeau, 1720). 3163:Marie, Alfred & Jeanne. 3156:Marie, Alfred & Jeanne. 3149:Marie, Alfred & Jeanne. 3086:138 (April–May 1985): 50–56. 2930:(Kitchen Garden of the King) 1936:Bosquet de l'Arc de Triomphe 1916:Situated to the west of the 1776:Bosquet de la Montagne d'Eau 1724:Gaspard and Balthazard Marsy 1522:Bosquet de l'Arc de Triomphe 1395: 1027:Bosquet de l'Arc de Triomphe 713:Gaspard and Balthazard Marsy 427: 187:6 million (in 2009) 7: 5953:Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais 4712:Anne Chemin (9 June 2014). 4483:Versailles and the Trianons 3474:Hazlehurst 1980, pp. 62–64. 3250:. 7 vols. (Paris, 1953–61). 2921: 2845:of 1685–1686 (Hedin, 1992; 2712:With the completion of the 2616:Bosquet des Trois Fontaines 2572:Replantations of the garden 2206:(Martin le Jeune), ca. 1713 2083:) – hence the current name 1990:Bosquet des Bains d'Apollon 1986:Bosquet des Bains d'Apollon 1978:Bosquet des Bains d'Apollon 1958:Bosquet des Trois Fontaines 1950:Bosquet des Trois Fontaines 1930:Bosquet des Trois Fontaines 1797:Bosquet des Bains d'Apollon 1676:The labyrinth of Versailles 1661:Plan of the Labyrinth from 1526:Bosquet des Trois Fontaines 1492:and threats to destroy the 1381:Plan of the gardens in 1746 1306: 1019:Bosquet des Trois Fontaines 284:Domaine royal de Versailles 10: 7165: 6650:Porte de La Chapelle Arena 5973:Saint-Pierre de Montmartre 5848:Alexander Nevsky Cathedral 5830:Musée de la Vie romantique 5301:Shared locally with other 5196:Roman Theatre and environs 5089:Port of the Moon, Bordeaux 4946:Former Abbey of Saint-Rémi 4883: 4686:(in French). Liberation.fr 3220:Labyrinthe de Versailles. 3027:La Sculpture de Versailles 2952:(Paris: A. Vilette, 1685). 2939: 2794:began the following year. 2764:Vue de la Machine de Marly 2654: 2362:"Galerie des Antiques" by 2138:"Entrée du Labyrinthe" by 2062:Occupying the site of the 1805:Grotte des Bains d'Apollon 1673: 1482:Louis Claude Marie Richard 1430:Grotte des Bains d'Apollon 1332:was the completion of the 1166:Escaliers des Cent Marches 1156:, located to south of the 724: 519:but in reality celebrated 452:, and landscape architect 327:French Ministry of Culture 195:UNESCO World Heritage site 7095: 6982: 6924: 6738: 6693: 6665:Stade Pierre de Coubertin 6612: 6515: 6160:Boulevard de la Madeleine 6133: 6021: 5948:Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois 5838: 5688:Musée des Arts et Métiers 5683:Musée des Arts décoratifs 5632: 5459: 5297: 5262: 5208: 5140: 5112: 5074: 5056: 5005: 4982: 4894: 4846: 4774:The Sydney Morning Herald 4481:Pierre de Nolhac (1906). 4095:. Lenotre.culture.gouv.fr 3192:La création de Versailles 3034:Journal of Garden History 3011:Félibien, Jean-François. 1908:million) to the project. 1688:. (Loach, 1985) In 1669, 978:Evolution of the Bosquets 839:Rondeau/Bassin des Cygnes 682:Apollo attended by nymphs 356: is associated with 240: 223: 215: 207: 199: 191: 183: 175: 144: 136: 128: 120: 81: 73: 59: 51: 47: 35: 29: 28: 23: 6881:Musée Fragonard d'Alfort 6842:Walt Disney Studios Park 6763:Château de Fontainebleau 6675:Stade Sébastien Charléty 6630:Halle Georges Carpentier 6604:Coulée verte René-Dumont 6579:Parc des Buttes Chaumont 6422:Rue des Francs-Bourgeois 5963:Saint-Jean de Montmartre 5908:Notre-Dame-des-Victoires 5713:Musée de la Cinémathèque 5678:Louis Vuitton Foundation 5279:Lagoons of New Caledonia 5226:Fortifications of Vauban 4377:48.8059042°N 2.1114403°E 4339:48.8037243°N 2.1193528°E 4301:48.8020089°N 2.1195889°E 4232:48.8065596°N 2.1136987°E 4194:48.7979595°N 2.1158123°E 4131:48.8087077°N 2.1223998°E 4071:48.8061781°N 2.1124005°E 4033:48.8081919°N 2.1125722°E 3995:48.8075206°N 2.1134627°E 3957:48.8071673°N 2.1221638°E 3881:48.8074853°N 2.1207476°E 3843:48.8094354°N 2.1137148°E 3805:48.8045246°N 2.1107483°E 3767:48.8080223°N 2.1189773°E 3678:48.8050528°N 2.1194065°E 3627:48.8101702°N 2.1001321°E 3589:48.8073545°N 2.1106839°E 3551:48.8055032°N 2.1176845°E 3513:48.8053071°N 2.1224508°E 3328: 3280:Le château de Versailles 2410:"Vue de l'Orangerie" by 1887:Bosquet du Théâtre d'Eau 1879:Bosquet du Théâtre d'Eau 1418:English landscape garden 1291:Fourth building campaign 999:Bosquet du Théâtre d'Eau 531:Second building campaign 302:style perfected here by 6748:Basilica of Saint-Denis 6559:Parc Clichy-Batignolles 6165:Boulevard de Sébastopol 4974:Vézelay Church and hill 4942:Cathedral of Notre-Dame 4471:Desjardins, 1885; p. 62 4415:48.804249°N 2.1169817°E 4270:48.8026237°N 2.117368°E 3919:48.803295°N 2.1161234°E 3729:48.8067575°N 2.118237°E 3315:Eighteenth Century Life 3253:Scudéry, Madeleine de. 3225:Piganiole de la Force. 3144:Naissance de Versailles 3041:Eighteenth Century Life 2803:aqueduc de Louveciennes 2772:aqueduc de Louveciennes 2394:"Bassin de Neptune" by 2330:"Bassin de l'Encélade" 2298:"Bosquet des Dômes" by 2186:"Bosquet du Marais" by 1823:was separated from the 1640:Bosquet de la Girondole 1621:Bosquets of the gardens 1170:Pièce d'Eau des Suisses 1143:Beginning in 1684, the 1109:Third building campaign 1094:Pièce d'eau des Suisses 1092:Excavated in 1678, the 1088:Pièce d'eau des Suisses 1078:Pièce d'eau des Suisses 1054:Pièce d'eau des Suisses 645:by Jean Le Pautre, 1676 472:First building campaign 399:Versailles, Du Bus plan 316:Arboretum de Chèvreloup 6825:Paris La Défense Arena 6773:Château de Rambouillet 6716:Père Lachaise Cemetery 6680:Vélodrome de Vincennes 6530:Jardin d'Acclimatation 6497:Saint-Germain-des-Prés 6277:Place de la République 5968:Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis 5943:Saint-Germain-des-Prés 5738:Musée Jacquemart-André 5653:Bibliothèque nationale 5359:Bosnia and Herzegovina 5180:, Episcopal Ensemble, 3702:, see Lighthart, 1997. 3322:Colloque de Versailles 3262:Gazette des Beaux-Arts 3185:Versailles immortalisé 3109:Colloque de Versailles 3077:Gazette des Beaux-Arts 3072:65 (1981–1982): 50–65. 2985:Gazette des Beaux-Arts 2978:Colloque de Versailles 2971:Gazette des Beaux-Arts 2964:Colloque de Versailles 2859: 2788:, construction of the 2775: 2690: 2583: 2490:"Parterre du Nord" by 2426:"Bassin du Dragon" by 2081:Aesculus hippocastanum 2006:Bosquet de la Renommée 1970:Bosquet de la Renommée 1862:Bosquet de l'Obélisque 1858:Jules Hardouin-Mansart 1666: 1541: 1392: 1357:were constructed, the 1355:les jardins botaniques 1347:les jardins botaniques 1324: 1207: 1184: 1134:Jules Hardouin Mansart 1129: 1031:Bosquet de la Renommée 989: 468: 409:Jean-François de Gondi 400: 387: 274: 167:Jules Hardouin-Mansart 7087:World Heritage Centre 7077:Paris Zoological Park 6792:Gardens of Versailles 6706:Montparnasse Cemetery 6584:Parc Georges-Brassens 6387:Rue de la Ferronnerie 5988:Saint-Vincent-de-Paul 5938:Saint-François-Xavier 5928:Saint-Étienne-du-Mont 5903:Notre-Dame-de-Lorette 5883:Synagogue de Nazareth 5748:Musée Marmottan Monet 5733:Maison de Victor Hugo 5590:Philharmonie de Paris 5099:Pyrénées – Mont Perdu 4382:48.8059042; 2.1114403 4344:48.8037243; 2.1193528 4306:48.8020089; 2.1195889 4237:48.8065596; 2.1136987 4199:48.7979595; 2.1158123 4136:48.8087077; 2.1223998 4076:48.8061781; 2.1124005 4038:48.8081919; 2.1125722 4000:48.8075206; 2.1134627 3962:48.8071673; 2.1221638 3886:48.8074853; 2.1207476 3848:48.8094354; 2.1137148 3810:48.8045246; 2.1107483 3772:48.8080223; 2.1189773 3683:48.8050528; 2.1194065 3632:48.8101702; 2.1001321 3594:48.8073545; 2.1106839 3556:48.8055032; 2.1176845 3518:48.8053071; 2.1224508 3194:. (Versailles, 1901). 3170:Marquis de Sourches. 3025:Francastle, Pierre. 2959:. (Washington, 1985). 2855: 2786:Saint-Germain-en-Laye 2762: 2725:Jean-Baptiste Colbert 2688: 2655:Further information: 2593:jardin à la française 2579: 2378:"La Salle de bal" by 2121:Views of the Bosquets 2085:Salle des Marronniers 2000:Bosquet de l'Encélade 1793:Bosquet du Chêne Vert 1660: 1539: 1501:dry. (Thompson 2006) 1406:Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1388: 1314: 1201: 1182: 1116: 1039:Bosquet de l'Encélade 985: 521:Louise de La Vallière 466: 398: 381: 292:château of Versailles 267:Gardens of Versailles 55:French Formal Gardens 24:Gardens of Versailles 7134:Palace of Versailles 7060:Montmartre Funicular 7040:Moulin de la Galette 6810:Château de Vincennes 6768:Château de Malmaison 6758:Château de Chantilly 6685:Vincennes Hippodrome 6635:Longchamp Hippodrome 6549:Jardin du Luxembourg 6287:Place des États-Unis 6267:Place de la Concorde 6262:Place de la Bastille 5808:Musée du Quai Branly 5788:Musée de l'Orangerie 5264:Overseas departments 5084:Episcopal city, Albi 4870:Paris: Banks of the 4502:Palace of Versailles 4420:48.804249; 2.1169817 4275:48.8026237; 2.117368 3924:48.803295; 2.1161234 3734:48.8067575; 2.118237 3390:. Paris Digest. 2018 3151:Mansart à Versailles 2916:Matthias Schoenaerts 2626:public establishment 2314:"Parterre d'Eau" by 2095:Located west of the 2068:Galerie des Antiques 1946:Allée des Marmousets 1918:Allée des Marmousets 1883:Bosquet du Rond-Vert 1758:, which compromised 1612:With the arrival of 1602:château of Compiègne 1414:French formal garden 1367:Ange-Jacques Gabriel 1321:Ange-Jacques Gabriel 1251:Galerie des Antiques 1240:The problem of water 1183:Versailles Orangerie 1074:Allée des Marmousets 486:Versailles Orangerie 467:Garden plan, c. 1663 321:Administered by the 300:French formal garden 176:Administered by 105:48.80806°N 2.10833°E 7144:Gardens in Yvelines 6891:Parc de Saint-Cloud 6701:Montmartre Cemetery 6670:Stade Roland Garros 6507:Viaduc d'Austerlitz 6397:Rue de la Sourdière 6297:Place des Victoires 6292:Place des Pyramides 6022:Hôtels particuliers 5893:Notre-Dame de Paris 5868:Chapelle expiatoire 5840:Religious buildings 5753:Musée de Montmartre 5244:Chalonnes-sur-Loire 5155:Carcassonne citadel 5014:Great Saltworks of 4657:on 18 December 2014 4411: / 4373: / 4335: / 4297: / 4266: / 4228: / 4190: / 4127: / 4067: / 4029: / 3991: / 3953: / 3915: / 3877: / 3839: / 3801: / 3763: / 3725: / 3700:grands appartements 3674: / 3623: / 3585: / 3547: / 3509: / 3343:"Quelques chiffres" 3218:Perrault, Charles. 3211:Nolhac, Pierre de. 3204:Nolhac, Pierre de. 3190:Nolhac, Pierre de. 3116:Guide de Versailles 3055:Gardens of Illusion 2994:. (Paris, 1854–60). 2768:Pierre-Denis Martin 2598:Franco-Prussian War 2204:Pierre-Denis Martin 1968:Built in 1675, the 1780:Bosquet de l'Étoile 1752:Bosquet de la Reine 1722:, and the brothers 1474:National Convention 1359:Jardinier-Fleuriste 1285:Bosquet des Sources 1043:Bosquet des Sources 958:grands appartements 907: 818:Louis de Chastillon 789: 546:grands appartements 368:World Heritage List 219:Grand Canal; others 101: / 7020:Fountains in Paris 7005:Café des 2 Moulins 6959:Paris Fashion Week 6944:Fête de la Musique 6926:Culture and events 6854:Fort Mont-Valérien 6722:Oscar Wilde's tomb 6625:Auteuil Hippodrome 6564:Parc de Belleville 6554:Parc André-Citroën 6402:Rue de Montmorency 6342:Pont de Bir-Hakeim 6332:Pont Alexandre III 6322:Place Saint-Michel 6307:Place du Carrousel 6272:Place de la Nation 6195:Galerie Véro-Dodat 6175:Canal Saint-Martin 5958:Tour Saint-Jacques 5853:American Cathedral 5614:Porte Saint-Martin 5543:Institut de France 5164:Calanches de Piana 4984:Nord-Pas-de-Calais 4924:Chartres Cathedral 4599:on 17 October 2013 4572:. Sacred-texts.com 4496:Maral, Alexandre. 4151:Also known as the 3647:The design of the 3167:. (Paris:, 1984). 3046:Girard, Jacques. 2896:In popular culture 2860: 2776: 2691: 2638:Parterre de Latone 2624:, the head of the 2584: 2346:"La Colonnade" by 2072:Académie de France 1728:Isaac de Benserade 1712:Jean-Baptiste Tuby 1695:Mother Goose Tales 1667: 1644:Bosquet du Dauphin 1568:. (Thompson 2006) 1542: 1486:jardins botaniques 1462:Hameau de la Reine 1450:Jardin des Plantes 1393: 1375:jardins botaniques 1342:Hameau de la Reine 1325: 1260:Académie de France 1208: 1185: 1130: 1124:Fountain with the 990: 906: 788: 760:and her children, 515:, and his consort 469: 401: 388: 7121: 7120: 7082:Pyramide inversée 6783:Château de Sceaux 6740:Région parisienne 6537:Bois de Vincennes 6517:Parks and gardens 6312:Place du Châtelet 6145:Avenue de l'Opéra 6134:Bridges, streets, 6118:Palais de la Cité 6113:Palais de Justice 6096:Luxembourg Palace 6061:Hôtel de Pontalba 6056:Hôtel de la Païva 6036:Hôtel de Beauvais 5718:Musée Cognacq-Jay 5624:Tour Montparnasse 5609:Porte Saint-Denis 5529:Gare Saint-Lazare 5524:Gare Montparnasse 5504:Gare d'Austerlitz 5419: 5418: 4965:Mont-Saint-Michel 4955:Abbey of Fontenay 4914:Bourges Cathedral 4459:The Petit Trianon 4161:Bassin de Neptune 3376:on 13 April 2009. 3296:65 (1984): 14–17. 3275:. (London, 2006). 3236:35/1 (1985): 1–8. 3180:, septembre 1686. 3004:Félibien, André. 2525:François Girardon 2492:Étienne Allegrain 2474:"L'Orangerie" by 2236:Étienne Allegrain 2220:Étienne Allegrain 1994:Bosquet des Dômes 1982:Bosquet du Marais 1852:and later called 1850:Salle des Festins 1716:Étienne Le Hongre 1652:Quinconce du Midi 1648:Quinconce du Nord 1636:salles de verdure 1351:botanical gardens 1334:Bassin de Neptune 1317:Pavillon français 1214:(1685–1686), the 1082:Bassin de Neptune 1066:Bassin des Sapins 1060:Bassin des Sapins 1050:Bassin des Sapins 1041:in 1675; and the 1035:Bosquet des Dômes 1011:Salle des Festins 995:Bosquet du Marais 941: 940: 824: 823: 687:François Girardon 581:François Girardon 263: 262: 110:48.80806; 2.10833 74:Nearest city 16:Gardens in France 7156: 6969:Republican Guard 6871:France Miniature 6832:Disneyland Paris 6802:, including the 6753:Château d'Écouen 6655:Stade Jean Bouin 6640:Parc des Princes 6599:Tuileries Garden 6525:Bois de Boulogne 6482:Rue Saint-Honoré 6427:Rue des Lombards 6417:Rue de Vaugirard 6407:Rue de Richelieu 6382:Rue d'Argenteuil 6302:Place des Vosges 6210:Galerie Vivienne 6190:Covered passages 6170:Canal de l'Ourcq 6101:Petit Luxembourg 6071:Hôtel de Soubise 6046:Hôtel de Crillon 6041:Hôtel de Charost 6008:Temple du Marais 5703:Maison de Balzac 5601:Flame of Liberty 5479:Arènes de Lutèce 5453:Tourism in Paris 5446: 5439: 5432: 5423: 5422: 5209:Multiple regions 5172:Scandola Reserve 5168:Gulf of Girolata 5016:Salins-les-Bains 4904:Amiens Cathedral 4889: 4833: 4826: 4819: 4810: 4809: 4798:Official website 4785: 4784: 4782: 4780: 4765: 4759: 4758:but not to both. 4752:Machine de Marly 4748: 4742: 4735: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4724: 4709: 4700: 4699: 4693: 4691: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4664: 4662: 4647: 4641: 4640: 4638: 4636: 4630: 4623: 4615: 4609: 4608: 4606: 4604: 4588: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4566: 4560: 4559: 4553: 4545: 4532: 4526: 4519: 4513: 4512: 4510: 4508: 4493: 4487: 4486: 4478: 4472: 4469: 4463: 4462: 4454: 4445: 4444: 4436: 4427: 4426: 4425: 4423: 4422: 4421: 4416: 4412: 4409: 4408: 4407: 4404: 4395: 4389: 4388: 4387: 4385: 4384: 4383: 4378: 4374: 4371: 4370: 4369: 4366: 4357: 4351: 4350: 4349: 4347: 4346: 4345: 4340: 4336: 4333: 4332: 4331: 4328: 4319: 4313: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4308: 4307: 4302: 4298: 4295: 4294: 4293: 4290: 4281: 4280: 4278: 4277: 4276: 4271: 4267: 4264: 4263: 4262: 4259: 4250: 4244: 4243: 4242: 4240: 4239: 4238: 4233: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4224: 4221: 4212: 4206: 4205: 4204: 4202: 4201: 4200: 4195: 4191: 4188: 4187: 4186: 4183: 4174: 4168: 4157:Parterre du Nord 4149: 4143: 4142: 4141: 4139: 4138: 4137: 4132: 4128: 4125: 4124: 4123: 4120: 4111: 4105: 4104: 4102: 4100: 4089: 4083: 4082: 4081: 4079: 4078: 4077: 4072: 4068: 4065: 4064: 4063: 4060: 4051: 4045: 4044: 4043: 4041: 4040: 4039: 4034: 4030: 4027: 4026: 4025: 4022: 4013: 4007: 4006: 4005: 4003: 4002: 4001: 3996: 3992: 3989: 3988: 3987: 3984: 3975: 3969: 3968: 3967: 3965: 3964: 3963: 3958: 3954: 3951: 3950: 3949: 3946: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3929: 3927: 3926: 3925: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3912: 3911: 3908: 3899: 3893: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3888: 3887: 3882: 3878: 3875: 3874: 3873: 3870: 3861: 3855: 3854: 3853: 3851: 3850: 3849: 3844: 3840: 3837: 3836: 3835: 3832: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3815: 3813: 3812: 3811: 3806: 3802: 3799: 3798: 3797: 3794: 3785: 3779: 3778: 3777: 3775: 3774: 3773: 3768: 3764: 3761: 3760: 3759: 3756: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3736: 3735: 3730: 3726: 3723: 3722: 3721: 3718: 3709: 3703: 3696: 3690: 3689: 3688: 3686: 3685: 3684: 3679: 3675: 3672: 3671: 3670: 3667: 3658: 3652: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3633: 3628: 3624: 3621: 3620: 3619: 3616: 3607: 3601: 3600: 3599: 3597: 3596: 3595: 3590: 3586: 3583: 3582: 3581: 3578: 3569: 3563: 3562: 3561: 3559: 3558: 3557: 3552: 3548: 3545: 3544: 3543: 3540: 3531: 3525: 3524: 3523: 3521: 3520: 3519: 3514: 3510: 3507: 3506: 3505: 3502: 3492: 3486: 3481: 3475: 3472: 3466: 3459: 3453: 3450: 3444: 3441: 3435: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3421: 3406: 3400: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3384: 3378: 3377: 3372:. Archived from 3366: 3360: 3358: 3356: 3354: 3349:on 13 April 2009 3345:. Archived from 3339: 3303:(1981): 151–181. 3285:Verlet, Pierre. 3278:Verlet, Pierre. 3243:. (Paris, 1981). 3215:. (Paris, 1925). 3160:. (Paris, 1976). 3153:. (Paris, 1972). 3146:. (Paris, 1968). 2827:Machine de Marly 2820:Machine de Marly 2815:Machine de Marly 2799:Machine de Marly 2791:Machine de Marly 2718:Grotte de Thétys 2676:Grotte de Thétys 2634:Parterre du Midi 2622:Catherine Pégard 2607:Commune de Paris 2600:, which toppled 2559: 2547: 2535: 2520: 2508: 2487: 2471: 2455: 2439: 2423: 2407: 2391: 2375: 2359: 2343: 2327: 2311: 2295: 2279: 2263: 2247: 2231: 2215: 2199: 2183: 2167: 2151: 2135: 2101:salle de verdure 2097:Parterre du Midi 2037:salle de verdure 1974:Grotte de Thétys 1907: 1903: 1854:Salle du Conseil 1801:Grotte de Thétys 1772:salle de verdure 1760:Marie Antoinette 1740:Machine de Marly 1710:. The sculptors 1692:– author of the 1690:Charles Perrault 1614:Pierre de Nolhac 1608:Pierre de Nolhac 1582:Louis Philippe I 1445:Marie Antoinette 1438:Grotte de Thétys 1220:Grotte de Thétys 1216:Parterre du Nord 1193:Grotte de Thétys 1174:Parterre du Midi 1118:Bassin de Latone 1096:– named for the 1070:Parterre du Nord 1015:Salle du Conseil 922: 915: 908: 901:Grotte de Thétys 834:Bassin d'Apollon 827:Bassin d'Apollon 804: 797: 790: 737:Bassin de Latone 721:Bassin de Latone 702: 691:Thomas Regnaudin 678: 656: 642:Grotte de Thétys 640:Interior of the 637: 621:Grotte de Thétys 619:Exterior of the 616: 585:Thomas Regnaudin 571:Grotte de Thétys 565:Bassin d'Apollon 561:Bassin de Latone 374:Planning diagram 358:Marie Antoinette 310:to the east and 281: 116: 115: 113: 112: 111: 106: 102: 99: 98: 97: 94: 40: 31: 21: 20: 7164: 7163: 7159: 7158: 7157: 7155: 7154: 7153: 7124: 7123: 7122: 7117: 7091: 7030:Les Deux Magots 7000:Bateaux Mouches 6978: 6920: 6916:Vaux-le-Vicomte 6911:Stade de France 6837:Disneyland Park 6734: 6730:Picpus Cemetery 6689: 6645:Piscine Molitor 6608: 6594:Parc Montsouris 6511: 6492:Rue Sainte-Anne 6487:Rue Saint-Denis 6477:Rue des Rosiers 6472:Rue Pastourelle 6452:Rue Montorgueil 6377:Rue Charlemagne 6317:Place du Tertre 6155:Avenue George V 6137: 6135: 6129: 6051:Hôtel d'Estrées 6023: 6017: 5998:Sainte-Clotilde 5993:Sainte-Chapelle 5878:Grand Synagogue 5858:American Church 5834: 5743:Musée du Louvre 5708:Musée Bourdelle 5663:Centre Pompidou 5636: 5628: 5469:Arc de Triomphe 5455: 5450: 5420: 5415: 5383:North Macedonia 5293: 5266:and territories 5265: 5258: 5240:Sully-sur-Loire 5204: 5136: 5122:Chaîne des Puys 5108: 5070: 5052: 5029:Place Stanislas 5001: 4978: 4890: 4881: 4842: 4837: 4794: 4789: 4788: 4778: 4776: 4766: 4762: 4750:Water from the 4749: 4745: 4736: 4732: 4722: 4720: 4710: 4703: 4689: 4687: 4674: 4670: 4660: 4658: 4649: 4648: 4644: 4634: 4632: 4631:on 17 June 2014 4628: 4621: 4617: 4616: 4612: 4602: 4600: 4589: 4585: 4575: 4573: 4568: 4567: 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3022:(1902): 91–100. 2942: 2924: 2898: 2873:Canal de l'Eure 2869:Nine Years' War 2857:Canal de l'Eure 2843:Siamese Embassy 2689:The Grand Canal 2665:The gardens of 2659: 2657:Canal de l'Eure 2653: 2582: 2574: 2569: 2566: 2560: 2551: 2548: 2539: 2536: 2527: 2521: 2512: 2509: 2495: 2488: 2479: 2472: 2463: 2456: 2447: 2440: 2431: 2424: 2415: 2408: 2399: 2392: 2383: 2376: 2367: 2360: 2351: 2344: 2335: 2328: 2319: 2312: 2303: 2296: 2287: 2280: 2271: 2264: 2255: 2248: 2239: 2232: 2223: 2216: 2207: 2200: 2191: 2184: 2175: 2168: 2159: 2152: 2143: 2136: 2123: 2093: 2060: 2051:Grande Commande 2033: 2002: 1966: 1938: 1914: 1905: 1898: 1893:being the sole 1870: 1846: 1813: 1788: 1768: 1678: 1672: 1632: 1630: 1623: 1610: 1574: 1534: 1510: 1470: 1398: 1391: 1383: 1309: 1293: 1228:Canal de l'Eure 1224:Aile des Nobles 1212:Aile des Nobles 1189:Aile des Nobles 1158:Parterrre d'Eau 1149:Grande Commande 1111: 1090: 1062: 980: 971:Grande Commande 946: 929:Nicolas Perelle 856: 829: 770:Lycian peasants 745:Balthazar Marsy 729: 727:Latona Fountain 723: 716: 715:, ca. 1670 703: 694: 693:, ca. 1670 684: 679: 670: 669:, ca. 1670 657: 646: 644: 638: 629: 623: 617: 593:Balthazar Marsy 573: 533: 513:Anne d'Autriche 474: 450:Charles Le Brun 438:Vaux-le-Vicomte 434:Nicolas Fouquet 430: 393: 386: 376: 259: 256:2100 sculptures 236: 171: 157:Charles Le Brun 109: 107: 103: 100: 95: 92: 90: 88: 87: 43: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7162: 7152: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7119: 7118: 7116: 7115: 7113:Paris syndrome 7110: 7105: 7099: 7097: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7072:Paris syndrome 7069: 7064: 7063: 7062: 7057: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7015:Folies Bergère 7012: 7007: 7002: 6997: 6992: 6990:Axe historique 6986: 6984: 6980: 6979: 6977: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6954:Paris Air Show 6951: 6946: 6941: 6939:Dîner en Blanc 6936: 6930: 6928: 6922: 6921: 6919: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6901:La Roche-Guyon 6898: 6893: 6888: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6867: 6866: 6861: 6851: 6846: 6845: 6844: 6839: 6829: 6828: 6827: 6822: 6812: 6807: 6804:Fresh pavilion 6785: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6744: 6742: 6736: 6735: 6733: 6732: 6727: 6726: 6725: 6713: 6711:Passy Cemetery 6708: 6703: 6697: 6695: 6691: 6690: 6688: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6660:Stade Pershing 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6622: 6616: 6614: 6610: 6609: 6607: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6571: 6566: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6545: 6544: 6534: 6533: 6532: 6521: 6519: 6513: 6512: 6510: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6392:Rue de la Paix 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6357:Port du Louvre 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6257:Place Dauphine 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6228: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6187: 6185:Champs-Élysées 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6141: 6139: 6136:areas, squares 6131: 6130: 6128: 6127: 6122: 6121: 6120: 6110: 6108:Palais Bourbon 6105: 6104: 6103: 6093: 6091:Hôtel Matignon 6088: 6083: 6081:Hôtel de Ville 6078: 6076:Hôtel de Sully 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6027: 6025: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6003:Sainte-Trinité 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5933:Saint-Eustache 5930: 5925: 5923:Saint-Augustin 5920: 5918:Saint Ambroise 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5844: 5842: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5832: 5827: 5826: 5825: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5700: 5695: 5690: 5685: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5644: 5642: 5630: 5629: 5627: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5605: 5604: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5575:Opéra Bastille 5572: 5567: 5562: 5560:Louvre Pyramid 5557: 5552: 5545: 5540: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5465: 5463: 5457: 5456: 5449: 5448: 5441: 5434: 5426: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5413: 5371:Czech Republic 5343: 5337: 5315: 5309: 5298: 5295: 5294: 5292: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5270: 5268: 5260: 5259: 5257: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5212: 5210: 5206: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5200:Triumphal Arch 5189: 5184: 5182:Avignon Bridge 5174: 5157: 5152: 5146: 5144: 5138: 5137: 5135: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5118: 5116: 5110: 5109: 5107: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5080: 5078: 5072: 5071: 5069: 5068: 5062: 5060: 5054: 5053: 5051: 5050: 5045: 5032: 5022: 5011: 5009: 5003: 5002: 5000: 4999: 4994: 4988: 4986: 4980: 4979: 4977: 4976: 4971: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4938: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4900: 4898: 4896:Parisian basin 4892: 4891: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4879: 4874: 4868: 4860:Fontainebleau 4858: 4852: 4850: 4844: 4843: 4836: 4835: 4828: 4821: 4813: 4807: 4806: 4800: 4793: 4792:External links 4790: 4787: 4786: 4760: 4743: 4730: 4701: 4668: 4642: 4610: 4583: 4561: 4527: 4523:Mercure Galant 4514: 4488: 4473: 4464: 4446: 4428: 4390: 4352: 4314: 4245: 4207: 4169: 4144: 4106: 4084: 4046: 4008: 3970: 3932: 3894: 3856: 3818: 3780: 3742: 3704: 3691: 3653: 3649:parterre d'eau 3640: 3602: 3564: 3526: 3494:Approximately 3487: 3476: 3467: 3454: 3445: 3436: 3427: 3401: 3379: 3361: 3333: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3326: 3325: 3318: 3311: 3304: 3297: 3290: 3283: 3276: 3271:André Le Nôtre 3265: 3258: 3257:(Paris, 1669). 3251: 3244: 3237: 3230: 3223: 3222:(Paris, 1669). 3216: 3209: 3202: 3201:(1902): 81–90. 3195: 3188: 3181: 3175: 3168: 3161: 3154: 3147: 3140: 3133: 3132:(1927): 73 82. 3126: 3119: 3112: 3105: 3094: 3087: 3080: 3073: 3066: 3051: 3044: 3037: 3030: 3023: 3016: 3015:(Paris, 1703). 3009: 3008:(Paris, 1674). 3002: 2995: 2988: 2981: 2974: 2967: 2960: 2955:Berger, R. W. 2953: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2936: 2931: 2928:Potager du roi 2923: 2920: 2906:, directed by 2903:A Little Chaos 2897: 2894: 2847:Mercure Galant 2680:Satory Plateau 2652: 2651:Water Problems 2649: 2580: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2567: 2564:Musée Lambinet 2561: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2530: 2528: 2522: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2503: 2501: 2497: 2496: 2489: 2482: 2480: 2473: 2466: 2464: 2457: 2450: 2448: 2441: 2434: 2432: 2425: 2418: 2416: 2409: 2402: 2400: 2393: 2386: 2384: 2377: 2370: 2368: 2361: 2354: 2352: 2345: 2338: 2336: 2329: 2322: 2320: 2313: 2306: 2304: 2297: 2290: 2288: 2281: 2274: 2272: 2265: 2258: 2256: 2249: 2242: 2240: 2233: 2226: 2224: 2217: 2210: 2208: 2201: 2194: 2192: 2185: 2178: 2176: 2169: 2162: 2160: 2153: 2146: 2144: 2137: 2130: 2128: 2124: 2122: 2119: 2092: 2089: 2059: 2056: 2032: 2029: 2001: 1998: 1965: 1962: 1942:pavillon d'eau 1937: 1934: 1913: 1910: 1869: 1866: 1845: 1842: 1812: 1809: 1787: 1784: 1767: 1764: 1720:Pierre Le Gros 1708:Aesop's Fables 1674:Main article: 1671: 1668: 1665:'s description 1631: 1627: 1622: 1619: 1609: 1606: 1596:of Louis XIV, 1586:Queen Victoria 1573: 1570: 1533: 1530: 1509: 1506: 1469: 1466: 1458:Temple of Love 1397: 1394: 1389: 1382: 1379: 1363:Claude Richard 1308: 1305: 1292: 1289: 1204:Nicolas de Fer 1145:Parterre d'Eau 1110: 1107: 1089: 1086: 1061: 1058: 987:André Le Nôtre 979: 976: 966:Parterre d'Eau 954:Parterre d'Eau 950:Parterre d'Eau 945: 944:Parterre d'Eau 942: 939: 938: 932: 924: 923: 916: 886:Doge of Venice 855: 852: 828: 825: 822: 821: 814: 811:Jean Le Pautre 806: 805: 798: 733:Parterre d'Eau 725:Main article: 722: 719: 718: 717: 704: 697: 695: 680: 673: 671: 658: 651: 648: 647: 639: 632: 630: 626:Jean Le Pautre 618: 611: 572: 569: 553:André Félibien 532: 529: 473: 470: 454:André Le Nôtre 429: 426: 421:Hilaire Masson 413:formal gardens 392: 389: 382: 375: 372: 304:André Le Nôtre 261: 260: 258: 257: 254: 251: 248: 244: 242: 238: 237: 235: 234: 231: 227: 225: 221: 220: 217: 213: 212: 209: 205: 204: 201: 197: 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6830: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6817: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6805: 6801: 6800:Petit Trianon 6797: 6796:Grand Trianon 6793: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6741: 6737: 6731: 6728: 6724: 6723: 6719: 6718: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6698: 6696: 6692: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6611: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6569:Parc de Bercy 6567: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6543: 6540: 6539: 6538: 6535: 6531: 6528: 6527: 6526: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6514: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6467:Rue Mondétour 6465: 6463: 6462:Rue Rambuteau 6460: 6458: 6457:Rue Radziwill 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6412:Rue de Rivoli 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6372:Rue Bonaparte 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6347:Pont des Arts 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6327:Place Vendôme 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6232:Latin Quarter 6230: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6192: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6180:Champ de Mars 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6142: 6140: 6138:and waterways 6132: 6126: 6123: 6119: 6116: 6115: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6102: 6099: 6098: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6086:Hôtel Lambert 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6066:Hôtel de Sens 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6031:Élysée Palace 6029: 6028: 6026: 6020: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5983:Saint-Sulpice 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5845: 5843: 5841: 5837: 5831: 5828: 5824: 5821: 5820: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5803:Musée Picasso 5801: 5799: 5798:Musée Pasteur 5796: 5794: 5793:Musée d'Orsay 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 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3207: 3203: 3200: 3196: 3193: 3189: 3186: 3182: 3179: 3178:Mecure Galant 3176: 3173: 3169: 3166: 3162: 3159: 3155: 3152: 3148: 3145: 3141: 3138: 3134: 3131: 3127: 3124: 3120: 3117: 3113: 3110: 3106: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3092: 3088: 3085: 3081: 3078: 3074: 3071: 3067: 3064: 3063:9780826512093 3060: 3056: 3052: 3049: 3045: 3042: 3038: 3035: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3021: 3017: 3014: 3010: 3007: 3003: 3000: 2996: 2993: 2989: 2986: 2982: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2968: 2965: 2961: 2958: 2954: 2951: 2947: 2946: 2945: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2926: 2925: 2919: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2904: 2893: 2891: 2886: 2882: 2877: 2874: 2870: 2865: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2831:à l'ordinaire 2828: 2823: 2821: 2816: 2813:In 1685, the 2811: 2809: 2804: 2800: 2795: 2793: 2792: 2787: 2782: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2754: 2748: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2735:In 1674, the 2733: 2730: 2726: 2721: 2719: 2715: 2710: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2687: 2683: 2681: 2677: 2671: 2668: 2663: 2658: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2639: 2635: 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1841: 1839: 1838:Jardin du Roi 1835: 1831: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1783: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1763: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1696: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1677: 1664: 1659: 1655: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1626: 1618: 1615: 1605: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1590:Prince Albert 1587: 1583: 1579: 1569: 1567: 1566:Jardin du Roi 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1538: 1529: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1454:Richard Mique 1451: 1446: 1441: 1439: 1435: 1434:Hubert Robert 1431: 1427: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1387: 1378: 1376: 1372: 1371:Petit Trianon 1369:to build the 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1343: 1337: 1335: 1330: 1322: 1318: 1313: 1304: 1302: 1298: 1288: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1277:Grand Dauphin 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1261: 1256: 1255:Galerie d'Eau 1252: 1247: 1243: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1205: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1181: 1177: 1175: 1172:, and to the 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1150: 1146: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1106: 1104: 1099: 1095: 1085: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1064:In 1676, the 1057: 1055: 1051: 1046: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1029:in 1672; the 1028: 1024: 1021:in 1671; the 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 997:in 1670; the 996: 988: 984: 975: 973: 972: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 937: 933: 930: 926: 925: 921: 917: 914: 910: 909: 904: 902: 898: 894: 889: 887: 883: 879: 878: 877:Petite Venise 873: 869: 868:Ancien Régime 866:. During the 865: 861: 851: 849: 845: 840: 836: 835: 819: 815: 812: 808: 807: 803: 799: 796: 792: 791: 786: 783: 779: 775: 771: 767: 763: 759: 755: 754: 753:Metamorphoses 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 728: 714: 710: 709: 701: 696: 692: 688: 683: 677: 672: 668: 667:Gilles Guérin 664: 663: 655: 650: 649: 643: 636: 631: 627: 622: 615: 610: 609: 608: 604: 602: 598: 594: 590: 589:Gaspard Marsy 586: 582: 578: 577:Gilles Guérin 568: 566: 562: 557: 554: 549: 547: 543: 539: 528: 526: 522: 518: 517:Marie-Thérèse 514: 510: 509: 504: 503: 497: 493: 491: 487: 483: 479: 465: 461: 457: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 425: 422: 418: 417:Claude Mollet 414: 410: 406: 397: 385: 380: 371: 369: 366: 361: 359: 355: 354:Petit Trianon 351: 350:Grand Trianon 347: 343: 342:Ancien Régime 339: 335: 330: 328: 324: 319: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 280: 276: 272: 268: 255: 252: 249: 246: 245: 243: 239: 232: 230:200,000 trees 229: 228: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 168: 165: 163: 160: 158: 155: 153: 150: 149: 147: 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 119: 114: 86: 84: 80: 76: 72: 69: 65: 62: 58: 54: 50: 46: 39: 34: 27: 22: 19: 7108:Art in Paris 7067:Paris Musées 7045:Moulin Rouge 7010:Café Procope 6964:Paris-Plages 6949:Nuit Blanche 6886:Parc Astérix 6820:Grande Arche 6791: 6720: 6613:Sport venues 6589:Parc Monceau 6442:Rue Foyatier 6247:Montparnasse 6125:Palais-Royal 6013:Val-de-Grâce 5888:La Madeleine 5873:Grand Mosque 5728:Musée Guimet 5723:Musée Grévin 5599: 5549:Jeanne d'Arc 5547: 5538:Petit Palais 5534:Grand Palais 5519:Gare du Nord 5514:Gare de Lyon 5499:Eiffel Tower 5494:Conciergerie 5345:Shared with 5339:Shared with 5317:Shared with 5311:Shared with 5289:Taputapuātea 5236:Loire Valley 5187:Pont du Gard 5178:Papal Palace 5127:Chauvet Cave 4933: 4929: 4777:. Retrieved 4773: 4763: 4751: 4746: 4738: 4733: 4721:. Retrieved 4718:The Guardian 4717: 4695: 4688:. Retrieved 4681: 4671: 4659:. Retrieved 4655:the original 4645: 4633:. Retrieved 4626:the original 4613: 4601:. Retrieved 4597:the original 4586: 4574:. Retrieved 4564: 4541: 4530: 4522: 4517: 4505:. Retrieved 4501: 4491: 4482: 4476: 4467: 4458: 4440: 4393: 4355: 4317: 4248: 4210: 4172: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4147: 4109: 4097:. Retrieved 4087: 4049: 4011: 3973: 3935: 3897: 3859: 3821: 3783: 3745: 3707: 3699: 3694: 3656: 3648: 3643: 3605: 3567: 3529: 3490: 3483: 3479: 3470: 3462: 3457: 3448: 3443:Verlet 1985. 3439: 3430: 3418:. Retrieved 3413: 3404: 3394:10 September 3392:. Retrieved 3382: 3374:the original 3364: 3351:. Retrieved 3347:the original 3337: 3321: 3314: 3307: 3300: 3293: 3286: 3279: 3268: 3261: 3254: 3247: 3240: 3233: 3226: 3219: 3212: 3205: 3198: 3191: 3184: 3177: 3171: 3164: 3157: 3150: 3143: 3136: 3129: 3122: 3121:Louis XIV. 3115: 3114:Louis XIV. 3108: 3101: 3097: 3090: 3083: 3076: 3069: 3054: 3047: 3040: 3033: 3026: 3019: 3012: 3005: 2998: 2991: 2984: 2977: 2970: 2963: 2956: 2949: 2943: 2912:Kate Winslet 2908:Alan Rickman 2901: 2899: 2889: 2884: 2881:Grandes Eaux 2880: 2878: 2861: 2846: 2839:Grandes Eaux 2838: 2835:Grandes Eaux 2834: 2830: 2826: 2824: 2819: 2814: 2812: 2798: 2796: 2789: 2777: 2763: 2749: 2745:Grande Pompe 2744: 2741:Grande Pompe 2740: 2736: 2734: 2729:fountaineers 2722: 2717: 2713: 2711: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2692: 2675: 2672: 2664: 2660: 2646: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2620: 2615: 2612: 2605: 2602:Napoleon III 2592: 2589: 2585: 2476:Jean Cotelle 2460:Jean Cotelle 2444:Jean Cotelle 2428:Jean Cotelle 2412:Jean Cotelle 2396:Jean Cotelle 2380:Jean Cotelle 2364:Jean Joubert 2348:Jean Cotelle 2332:Jean Cotelle 2316:Jean Cotelle 2300:Jean Cotelle 2284:Jean Cotelle 2268:Jean Cotelle 2252:Jean Cotelle 2188:Jean Cotelle 2172:Jean Cotelle 2156:Jean Cotelle 2140:Jean Cotelle 2115:Salle de Bal 2114: 2111:Salle de Bal 2110: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2094: 2091:Salle de Bal 2084: 2080: 2071: 2067: 2066:(1678), the 2063: 2061: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2036: 2034: 2023: 2019: 2010: 2005: 2003: 1993: 1992:was renamed 1989: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1967: 1957: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1939: 1929: 1921: 1917: 1915: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1871: 1861: 1853: 1849: 1847: 1837: 1834:Miroir d'Eau 1833: 1829: 1825:Miroir d'Eau 1824: 1820: 1816: 1814: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1789: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1769: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1731: 1703: 1699: 1693: 1685: 1679: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1633: 1624: 1611: 1598:Napoleon III 1593: 1575: 1565: 1562:Miroir d'Eau 1561: 1557: 1543: 1525: 1521: 1518:Marie-Louise 1511: 1503: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1477: 1471: 1442: 1437: 1429: 1425: 1422: 1399: 1374: 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4403:48°48′15″N 4365:48°48′21″N 4327:48°48′13″N 4289:48°48′07″N 4258:48°48′09″N 4220:48°48′24″N 4182:48°47′53″N 4119:48°48′31″N 4059:48°48′22″N 4021:48°48′29″N 3983:48°48′27″N 3945:48°48′26″N 3907:48°48′12″N 3869:48°48′27″N 3831:48°48′34″N 3793:48°48′16″N 3755:48°48′29″N 3717:48°48′24″N 3666:48°48′18″N 3615:48°48′37″N 3577:48°48′26″N 3539:48°48′20″N 3501:48°48′19″N 3287:Versailles 2766:(1723) by 2667:Louis XIII 2604:, and the 2494:, ca. 1693 2478:, ca. 1693 2462:, ca. 1693 2446:, ca. 1693 2430:, ca. 1693 2414:, ca. 1693 2398:, ca. 1693 2382:, ca. 1693 2366:, ca. 1693 2350:, ca. 1693 2334:, ca. 1693 2318:, ca. 1693 2302:, ca. 1693 2286:, ca. 1693 2270:, ca. 1693 2254:, ca. 1693 2238:, ca. 1688 2222:, ca. 1693 2190:, ca. 1693 2174:, ca. 1693 2158:, ca. 1693 2142:, ca. 1693 1904:million (~ 1830:Île du Roi 1821:Île du Roi 1817:Île du Roi 1748:Labyrinthe 1744:Labyrinthe 1732:Labyrinthe 1704:Labyrinthe 1700:Labyrinthe 1682:hedge maze 1558:Île du Roi 1514:Napoleonic 1508:Napoléon I 1494:Petit Parc 1490:Grand Parc 1478:Grand Parc 1468:Revolution 1426:palissades 1138:Tapis Vert 1126:tapis vert 1037:) and the 1023:Labyrinthe 1003:Île du Roi 864:Grand Parc 844:Petit Parc 448:, painter 391:Louis XIII 312:Le Chesnay 308:Versailles 200:Camp sites 140:Louis XIII 93:48°48′29″N 64:Versailles 7055:entrances 6502:Trocadéro 6367:Rue Basse 6352:Pont Neuf 6237:Le Marais 6205:Panoramas 5489:Catacombs 5461:Landmarks 5305:and with 5176:Avignon: 4406:2°07′01″E 4368:2°06′41″E 4330:2°07′10″E 4292:2°07′11″E 4261:2°07′03″E 4223:2°06′49″E 4185:2°06′57″E 4122:2°07′21″E 4062:2°06′45″E 4024:2°06′45″E 3986:2°06′48″E 3948:2°07′20″E 3910:2°06′58″E 3872:2°07′15″E 3834:2°06′49″E 3796:2°06′39″E 3758:2°07′08″E 3720:2°07′06″E 3669:2°07′10″E 3618:2°06′00″E 3580:2°06′38″E 3542:2°07′04″E 3504:2°07′21″E 3420:9 October 2849:, 1685). 2106:torchères 2046:Colonnade 2042:Colonnade 2011:Enceladus 1736:the Seine 1686:Orangerie 1544:With the 1498:parterres 1402:Louis XVI 1396:Louis XVI 1281:Colonnade 1269:Orangerie 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4940:Reims: 4930:Climats 4877:Provins 4690:17 June 4635:17 June 4542:Gallica 4507:10 July 3324:(1985). 3111:(1985). 2992:Journal 2980:(1985). 2966:(1985). 2940:Sources 2642:boxwood 1954:Austria 1906:US$ 1.9 1738:by the 1548:of the 1017:), the 931:, 1680 820:, 1683 813:, 1678 774:Jupiter 741:Gaspard 708:Tritons 662:Tritons 601:nereids 505:called 290:of the 288:demesne 137:Founder 129:Created 124:800 ha. 77:Trianon 5484:Bourse 5387:Poland 5192:Orange 4862:Palace 4661:31 May 4603:22 May 3061: 2753:Bièvre 2703:Pompe' 2020:Fronde 1895:patron 1742:. 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