338:, as a preventative measure after the Confederate side had boasted of their value as a military objective with respect to anything else in the entire state of Kentucky. Confederate forces had captured Manchester in the summer of 1862 and had taken between 3,500 to 4,000 US bushels (120,000 to 140,000 L) of salt from the Garrard salt works and the works of their competitors the White family. A report of the commander of the brigade who re-took Manchester, Charles Craft, explained the need to destroy the works, saying that "every circumstance led to the belief that the quantity on hand would have been shortly taken" when his brigade left to fight elsewhere that it was needed, and that "as a matter of economy; the destruction of the works seemed to be a wise movement".
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and the salt dumped into rivers. A few "loyal citizens around and in the neighbourhood", as described in reports, were permitted to take some salt so that they had a supply for themselves. Theophilus T. Garrard requested compensation after the war from the federal government, but this was denied. Although rebuilt post-war, the salt works were not the major industry in the region that they had been pre-war, as competition from other saltworks elsewhere and improved transport drive down prices.
88:
55:
341:
It took 500 soldiers 36 hours, overseen by three colonels of the regiment. They disabled or destroyed all of the furnaces, pumps, and wells; and 30,000 US bushels (1,100,000 L) of salt found on the site. Cannonballs were forced into pipes; pumps removed, broken, and then pushed back into wells;
378:
One of the proprietors of the Goose Creek salt works, the most extensive establishment of the kind west of the mountains informed me that, in case a certain navigation was provided, they were ready to furnish at once 500,000 bushels per annum, and could enlarge their establishment as to meet the
349:
worth of salt in 1850 and 1860, the
Garrards had had to diversity into increased farmland holdings, up from 260 acres (110 ha) cultivated land and 300 acres (120 ha) uncultivated in 1850 to 480 acres (190 ha) cultivated and 1,180 acres (480 ha), although the valuation of these
406:
A survey was done in 1837, with the projected route to the Salt Works following the
Cumberland from the Barboursville ford, along the Richland Creek valley, through a 1 mile (1.6 km) tunnel under the ridge to the Collins Fork of Goose Creek, and finally along Collins to the Salt Works; but
326:, Theophilus T. Garrard, Edward Pendleton Garrard (1814), Maria Pacheco Padilla Garrard (1815), Margaret Garrard (1818, daughter of Daniel), William Mountjoy Garrard (1822), Catherine Francis Garrard (1825), Lucinda C. Garrard (1827), Sophia Garrard (1830), and Pauline Mountjoy Garrard (1833).
361:
A continual pre-war problem for salt making at the Salt Works had been that Goose Creek river was only navigable at certain times of year for commercial shipping. Several largely ineffective steps were taken to improve navigability, with Daniel
Garrard along with two others appointed river
373:
Several calls were made by
Garrard and others to further improve matters, to legislators that did not heed them, in part because of national economic depression that began in 1838. A 1835 report by the Kentucky Board of Internal Improvements stated for example:
309:
was named
Garrard, likely not after James or Daniel but rather after James' great-grandsons William Toulmin Garrard and Edward Gibson Garrard, who owned the land, although another story is that it was named after James' grandson
407:
nothing further came of the plan. The canal would have required several locks to account for the 121.8 feet (37.1 m) height difference between the Salt Works and the
Cumberland ford.
279:
419:. It was 100 feet (30 m) west of the post office, and held 63,000 US gallons (240,000 L), supplying 12,000 US gallons (45,000 L) per day to steam locomotives.
1113:
396:
395:
and proceed up the South Fork
Kentucky River and Goose Creek. It would then employ a 36-mile-long (58 km) canal from the Salt Works to the Cumberland River at
383:
Other ideas put forward included a grand plan suggested in a 1836-01-19 report by R. P. Baker, Kentucky's first chief engineer, proposing a canal between the
1118:
860:
116:
1025:(inc. Willowdale, Lincoln, Abel, Williams, Sprule/Hemlock, Safe, Cottongim, Dallas, Green Road, Bluehole, 2 Hoppers, Fount, and 2 Girdlers)
278:'s son Daniel (1780–1866) as a salt works, he having bought the land in 1798, but didn't actually gain the name until the
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236:
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399:, and thence via Yellow Creek, Powell's River, the Clinch, the Tennessee, and the Hiwassee, and the Savannah, to the
47:
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The salt industry had been in decline even before the war. Although the Goose Creek Salt Works produced the same
1028:
846:
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commissioners in 1810 with powers to unblock the river, and a subscription raising measure approved by the
322:
Members of the
Garrard family born at the salt works include Eliza Ann Garrard (1809, daughter of Daniel),
170:
366:
in 1813. The most effective measure was Daniel
Garrard using 32 of his "hands" (i.e. slaves) to clear the
811:
Collins, Lewis; Collins, Richard Henry (1874). "Historical sketch of internal improvements in
Kentucky".
712:
710:
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1072:(inc. Alger, Chesnut, Chesnutburg, Choice, Ethel, Malcom, Muncy Fork, Sacker Gap, Sourwood, and Vine)
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358:. In 1850 they had 11 employees at the salt works and owned 37 slaves; but in 1860 owned 21 slaves.
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815:. Collins Historical Sketches of Kentucky. Vol. 1. Covington, Kentucky: Collins & Company.
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335:
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United States Congress House of Representatives (June 30, 1864). "T. T. Garrard and others".
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By the middle 20th century, Garrard railroad stop included a water supply tank, owned by the
311:
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1066:(inc. Red Bird, Jacks Creek, Hector, Eriline, Spring Creek, Marcum, Antepast, and Gardner)
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came through there in 1917. It was through the 19th century rather known as variously the
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Public and Industrial Water Supplies of the Eastern Coal Field Region, Kentucky
785:
For Slavery and Union: Benjamin Buckner and Kentucky Loyalties in the Civil War
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U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Garrard, Kentucky
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The Road to Poverty: The Making of Wealth and Hardship in Appalachia
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The salt works were deliberately destroyed by the Union army in the
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was established on 1917-04-28 by postmaster James H. Brashear, and
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719:, p. 26, Garrard, Louisville and Nashville Railroad Co.
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Governor Garrard of Kentucky, his descendants and relatives
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Governor Garrard of Kentucky, his descendants and relatives
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806:. United States Geological Survey Circular. Vol. 369.
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and Kentucky Highway 80, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of
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Unincorporated communities in Clay County, Kentucky
802:Baker, John Augustus; Price, William Evans (1956).
16:
Unincorporated community in Kentucky, United States
831:Reports of Committees: 38th Congress, 1st Session
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764:Billings, Dwight B.; Blee, Kathleen M. (2000).
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330:19th century decline and Civil War destruction
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1119:Unincorporated communities in Kentucky
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67:Location within the state of Kentucky
1043:(inc. Crawfish/Hima and Pigeonroost)
1019:(inc. Bear Branch, Jason, and Obed)
263:, United States on the junction of
13:
920:
869:Municipalities and communities of
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735:"Clay County — Post Offices"
422:
280:Cumberland and Manchester Railroad
21:Village in Kentucky, United States
14:
1135:
925:Location of Clay County, Kentucky
746:des Cognets, Anna Russel (1898).
741:(176). Morehead State University.
417:Louisville and Nashville Railroad
1013:(includes Barcreek and Spurlock)
787:. University Press of Kentucky.
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79:
53:
46:
750:. Lexingon, Ky: James M. Byres.
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768:. Cambridge University Press.
428:
274:It was established in 1806 by
1:
103:Show map of the United States
739:County Histories of Kentucky
733:Rennick, Robert M. (2000c).
350:holdings had gone down from
7:
1049:(inc. Caution and Millpond)
100:Garrard (the United States)
10:
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783:Lewis, Patrick A. (2015).
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702:Collins & Collins 1874
690:Collins & Collins 1874
673:Collins & Collins 1874
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318:Garrard family connections
298:, or just The Salt Works.
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368:South Fork Kentucky River
364:Kentucky General Assembly
265:United States Highway 421
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617:Billings & Blee 2000
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528:Billings & Blee 2000
185:866 ft (264 m)
336:United States Civil War
296:Buffalo Lick Salt Works
1124:Coal towns in Kentucky
1055:(inc. Plank and Wages)
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717:Baker & Price 1956
663:, p. 72–73.
581:, p. 74–75.
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370:of obstacles in 1818.
284:Goose Creek Salt Works
924:
872:Clay County, Kentucky
391:that would arrive at
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312:Theophilus T. Garrard
208: • Summer (
132:37.12361°N 83.74639°W
1092:United States portal
286:(after the adjacent
70:Show map of Kentucky
813:History of Kentucky
675:, pp. 548–549.
137:37.12361; -83.74639
128: /
1035:Little Goose Creek
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1041:Horse Creek
1029:Goose Creek
961:communities
887:County seat
303:post office
288:Goose Creek
257:Clay County
135: /
1108:Categories
1011:Bear Creek
912:Manchester
894:Manchester
600:Lewis 2015
385:Ohio River
356:US$ 28,000
352:US$ 32,000
269:Manchester
239:feature ID
123:83°44′47″W
1017:Big Creek
974:Fall Rock
942:Littleton
347:US$ 5,000
253:coal town
225:ZIP codes
191:Time zone
182:Elevation
120:37°7′25″N
387:and the
261:Kentucky
164:Kentucky
1059:Peabody
979:Garrard
726:Sources
411:Railway
379:demand
290:), the
249:Garrard
149:Country
94:Garrard
61:Garrard
35:village
28:Garrard
989:Sibert
947:Oneida
833:. 141.
791:
772:
294:, the
242:512280
171:County
957:Other
251:is a
230:40941
219:(CST)
217:UTC-5
196:UTC-6
159:State
984:Ogle
934:CDPs
904:City
789:ISBN
770:ISBN
307:that
301:Its
237:GNIS
176:Clay
354:to
255:in
210:DST
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
