Gay panic defense - Knowledge

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someone else slitting Negre's throat. The secondary defense was that Lindsay's action in stabbing Negre was because he had lost self-control after Negre made sexual advances towards him and offered to pay Lindsay for sex. The jury convicted Lindsay of murder and he was sentenced to life imprisonment with a 23-year non-parole period. The Court of Criminal Appeal upheld the conviction, finding that the directions to the jury on the gay panic defense were flawed, but that every reasonable jury would have found that an ordinary person would not have lost self-control and acted in the way Lindsay did. The High Court held that a properly instructed jury might have found that an offer of money for sex made by a Caucasian man to an Aboriginal man in the latter's home and in the presence of his wife and family may have had a pungency that an unwelcome sexual advance made by one man toward another in other circumstances would not have. Lindsay was re-tried and was again convicted of murder. The Court of Criminal Appeal upheld the conviction, and an application for special leave to appeal to the High Court was dismissed. In April 2017, the South Australian Law Reform Institute recommended that the law of provocation be reformed to remove discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and/or gender, but that the removal of a non-violent sexual advance as a partial defence to murder be deferred until stage 2 of the report was produced. Finally, in 2020, South Australia abolished the defense of provocation altogether.

4981:(f) (1) For purposes of determining sudden quarrel or heat of passion pursuant to subdivision (a), the provocation was not objectively reasonable if it resulted from the discovery of, knowledge about, or potential disclosure of the victim's actual or perceived gender, gender identity, gender expression, or sexual orientation, including under circumstances in which the victim made an unwanted nonforcible romantic or sexual advance towards the defendant, or if the defendant and victim dated or had a romantic or sexual relationship. Nothing in this section shall preclude the jury from considering all relevant facts to determine whether the defendant was in fact provoked for purposes of establishing subjective provocation. 5963:"SF 360: A bill for an act relating to state government; establishing a Council on LGBTQI Minnesotans; limiting criminal defenses and authorization for the use of force relating to a victim's sexual orientation or identity; prohibiting conversion therapy with children vulnerable adults; prohibiting medical assistance coverage for conversion therapy; prohibiting the misrepresentation of conversion therapy services or products; amending Minnesota Statutes 2020, sections 256B.0625, by adding a subdivision; 257.56; 325F.69, by adding a subdivision; 609.06, by adding a subdivision; 609.075; 609.20; proposing coding for new law in Minnesota Statutes, chapters 15; 214" 2248: 3165:

pleaded not guilty to first-degree manslaughter at his indictment. Dixon was not charged with murder, which would have required proof of intent, nor was he charged with a hate crime. During his confession, Dixon said that his friends had mocked him for flirting with Nettles, not realizing that she was transgender. Furthermore, in an incident a few days prior to the beating, his friends had teased him after he flirted with two transgender women while he was doing pull-ups on a scaffolding at 138th Street and Eighth Avenue. Dixon pleaded guilty and received a sentence of 12 years' imprisonment, a sentence that Nettles' mother felt was too lenient.

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experience of an unwanted same-gender sexual advance so upsetting that they temporarily became enraged and lost control of their own behavior (Lee, 2008). Chen (2000) argues that the acceptance of a gay-panic defense implies acceptance of a nonviolent same-gender sexual advance as an adequate trigger to cause a person to fall into an uncontrollable state of panic. If jurors collectively agree that the reaction was reasonable, they can find the defendant guilty of a lesser offense, which often results in a lesser sentence (Lee, 2008).

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against him dropped to second-degree murder. Judge Marcelo Kopcow rejected that argument, and Andrade was sentenced to a mandatory sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole after he was convicted by a jury of first-degree murder in 2009 after two hours of deliberation. The conviction included a hate crime endorsement, believed to be the first instance of a hate crime application when the victim was transgender.

5931:"SB 213: An Act Relating To Crime; Prohibiting A Defense Based On A Defendant's Discovery Of, Knowledge About Or The Potential Disclosure Of A Victim's Or Witness's Gender, Gender Identity, Gender Expression Or Sexual Orientation; Prohibiting A Defense Based On The Effect On A Defendant Of Being Romantically Propositioned In A Nonviolent Or Non-threatening Manner By A Person Of The Same Gender Or A Person Who Is Transgender" 4350:

pointed to two cases in which young men who killed an older man who made homosexual advances received terms of four and three years ... Mr McNee, 55, the star of television show 'My House, My Castle', died in the bedroom of his St Mary's Bay home in July 2003 after choking on his own vomit while unconscious. Edwards had hit him 30 to 40 times in the head and face in a beating a pathologist described as severe.

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or belief of the gender, gender identity, or expression, or sexual orientation of an individual excuses or justifies conduct or mitigates the severity of an offense. Similarly to S.3188, after being sent to committee, the bill died at the end of 2020, and was re-introduced (as S.1137) in April 2021. It was reintroduced in January 2023.

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shall explain how panic strategies are used to encourage jurors to respond to societal bias against people based on actual or perceived disability, gender, including gender identity, nationality, race or ethnicity, religion, or sexual orientation and provide best practices for preventing bias from affecting the outcome of a trial.

5723:"House Bill 2132: A Bill to amend the Code of Virginia by adding in Article 1 of Chapter 4 of Title 18.2 a section numbered 18.2-37.1 and by adding in Article 4 of Chapter 4 of Title 18.2 a section numbered 18.2-57.5, relating to homicides and assaults and bodily woundings; certain matters not to constitute defenses" 2207:

states: "The fact that the victim made a sexual advance on the defendant does not, of itself, automatically provide the defendant with a defence of self-defence for the actions that they then take." In the UK, it has been known for decades as the "Portsmouth defence" or the "guardsman's defence". The

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homicide case, who claimed that they were enraged by the discovery that Araujo, a transgender teenager with whom they had engaged in sex, had a penis. Following their initial suspicions about her birth-assigned sex, Araujo was "subjected to forced genital exposure in the bathroom, after which it was

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the first state in the US to ban the gay and trans panic defense. AB 2501 states that discovery of, knowledge about, or potential disclosure of the victim's actual or perceived gender, gender identity, gender expression, or sexual orientation does not, by itself, constitute sufficient provocation to

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In June 2019, the bill was reintroduced in both houses of Congress as the Gay and Trans Panic Defense Prohibition Act of 2019 (S.1721 and H.R.3133). The bills would prohibit a federal criminal defendant from asserting, as a defense, that the nonviolent sexual advance of an individual or a perception

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SEC. 4. The Office of Emergency Services shall, to the extent funding becomes available for that purpose, develop practice materials for district attorneys' offices in the state. The materials, which shall be developed in consultation with knowledgeable community organizations and county officials,

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was beaten to death by Allen Andrade in July 2008. After Andrade learned that Zapata had a penis, she smiled at him and said "I'm all woman"; his defense attorney stated the smile "was a highly provoking act, and it would cause someone to have an aggressive reaction" when arguing to have the charge

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In 2023, one Hector Enrique Valencia Valencia in New South Wales was found not guilty of murder after discovering a sex worker he'd engaged with was a trans woman and proceeding to strangle her with a telephone cord. The presiding justice stated that it could not be proven beyond a reasonable doubt

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have implemented changes to stipulate that non-violent sexual advances (of any kind, including homosexual) are not a valid defense. In New South Wales, the law on provocation was amended to provide that the provocative conduct of the deceased must also have constituted a serious indictable offense.

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The gay panic defense grew out of a combination of legal defenses from the mid-nineteenth century and a mental disorder described in the early twentieth, seeking to apply the legal framework of the temporary insanity defense, provocation defense, or self-defense, often by using the mental condition

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was beaten to death in Harlem just after midnight on August 17, 2013. The killer, James Dixon, was not indicted until March 2015, despite turning himself in three days after the attack and confessing that he had flown into "a blind fury" when he realized that Nettles was a transgender woman. Dixon

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In 2003, a gay interior designer and former television host, David McNee, was killed by a part-time sex worker, Phillip Layton Edwards. Edwards said at his trial that he told McNee he was not gay, but would masturbate in front of him on a "no-touch" basis for money. The defense successfully argued

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Although the homosexual advance defence cannot be found anywhere in legislation, its entrenchment in case law gives it the force of law. ... Several Australian states and territories have either abolished the umbrella defence of provocation entirely or excluded non-violent homosexual advances from

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The gay panic defense is invoked as an affirmative defense, but only to strengthen a more "traditional criminal law defense such as insanity, diminished capacity, provocation, or self-defense" and is not meant to provide justification of the crime on its own. While using the gay panic defense to

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The gay-panic defense is a specific type of provocation defense in which the defendant claims that the crime in question was the result of a sudden and intense passion provoked by the victim's unwanted same-gender sexual advance. It is primarily used by straight men claiming that they found the

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Phillip Layton Edwards has appealed against his nine-year prison sentence for the manslaughter of television interior designer David McNee, claiming other young men who killed in similar circumstances received shorter jail terms. In the Court of Appeal at Auckland yesterday, his lawyer Roy Wade

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Historically, in US courts, use of the gay panic defense has not typically resulted in the acquittal of the defendant; instead, the defendant was usually found guilty, but on lesser charges, or judges and juries may have cited homosexual solicitation as a mitigating factor, resulting in reduced

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strategy of legal defense, which refers to a situation in which a heterosexual individual charged with a violent crime against a homosexual (or bisexual) individual claims they lost control and reacted violently because of an unwanted sexual advance that was made upon them. A defendant will use

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and the outcome of the appeal to the High Court from the Court of Criminal Appeal of South Australia. In 2011, Andrew Negre was killed by Michael Lindsay bashing and stabbing him. Lindsay's principal defense was that he stabbed Negre in the chest and abdomen but Negre's death was the result of

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Homosexual panic as a mental health disorder is distinct from the homosexual panic defense (HPD) (also known as "gay panic defense") within the legal system. Whereas homosexual panic disorder was at one point considered a diagnosable medical condition, the HPD implies only a temporary loss of

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was the first Australian jurisdiction to legalize consensual homosexual acts in 1975; however, as of April 2017 it was the only Australian jurisdiction not to have repealed or overhauled the gay panic defense. In 2015, the South Australian state government was awaiting the report from the

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once again considered banning the gay panic defense. For the 2019–2020 session, the bills considered were S3293 and A2707; prior versions of the bill have died in committee (S7048, 2013–14 session; A5467/S499, 2015–16 session; A5001/S50, 2017–18 session). On June 30, 2019, the day of the

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individual whom the assailant(s) had engaged with, or were close to engaging with, in sexual relations, and claim to have been unaware that the victim was transgender, producing in the attacker an alleged trans panic reaction. In most cases, the violence or murder is perpetrated by a

4864:"Do not let bias, sympathy, prejudice, or public opinion influence your decision. Bias includes bias against the victim or victims, witnesses, or defendant based upon his or her disability, gender, nationality, race or ethnicity, religion, gender identity, or sexual orientation." 6053:"Legislative Bill 321: A Bill for An Act relating to crimes and offenses; to prohibit a defendant's discovery of a victim's actual or perceived gender or sexual orientation as a defense to criminal offenses; to define terms; and to provide a duty for the Revisor of Statutes" 4787: 2263:

to include jury instructions to ignore bias, sympathy, prejudice, or public opinion in making their decision, and a directive was made to educate district attorneys' offices about panic strategies and how to prevent bias from affecting trial outcomes. The

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It happens time and again. The killings are vicious, but the killers escape a murder conviction. Why? Because they field the 'homosexual panic' defence: they claim they lost control when their victim made a pass at them. And juries go along with

5613: 3119:, William C. Palmer claimed that he attacked Pickett after discovering she "was actually a man." However, when the victim's sister and other witnesses revealed that Palmer was aware of Pickett's trans status, Palmer abandoned this defense. 4985:(2) For purposes of this subdivision, "gender" includes a person's gender identity and gender-related appearance and behavior regardless of whether that appearance or behavior is associated with the person's gender as determined at birth. 9642: 3139:". The first trial resulted in a jury deadlock; in the second, defendants Mike Magidson and Jose Merél were convicted of second-degree murder, while the jury again deadlocked in the case of Jason Cazares. Cazares later entered a plea of 2019:

Unlike the legal defense created later and named after it, the onset of the condition was not attributed to unwanted homosexual advances. Rather, Kempf stated that it was caused by the individual's own "aroused homosexual cravings".

5554:"AB 436: An Act to create 939.44 (3) and 939.48 (5m) of the statutes; relating to: eliminating criminal defense of adequate provocation or self-defense if the claim is based on the victim's gender identity or sexual orientation" 6235: 5966: 3956: 5606:"House Bill 2333: An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in general provisions relating to offenses involving danger to the person, further providing for definitions" 2140:

that Edwards, who had 56 previous convictions and had been on parole for 11 days, was provoked into beating McNee after he violated their "no touching" agreement. Edwards was jailed for nine years for manslaughter.

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and shoving the instrument's neck down Brown's throat. Ambach was initially charged with murder, but the charge was downgraded to manslaughter after Ambach's lawyer successfully invoked the gay panic defense.

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explain insanity has typically not been successful in winning a complete acquittal, diminished capacity, provocation, and self-defense have all been used successfully to reduce charges and sentences.

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restricted the defense of provocation in 2011, and further restricted it in 2017 (with a clause to allow it in 'exceptional circumstances' to be determined by a magistrate). In a differing approach,

4267: 2056:). The gay panic defense is not a stand-alone defense, but rather a legal tactic used by the defense which seeks to obtain an acquittal, a mitigated sentence, or a conviction of a lesser offense. 984: 7320: 4368:

The McNee case was a classic example of the law not protecting gay men," Lambert said. "It's abhorrent to suggest that we should downplay the seriousness of what Edwards did because he was hit on.

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Following the ABA's resolution in 2013, the LGBT Bar is continuing to work with concerned lawmakers at the state level to help ban the use of this tactic in courtrooms across the country.

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Effective from August 1, 2024, Minnesota implemented a law explicitly banning the gay and trans panic defense within an “omnibus justice bill” passed and signed into law in May 2024.

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in the Philippines in 2014. Police said that Pemberton became enraged after discovering that Laude was transgender. After Pemberton served six years of a ten-year sentence, President

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was set up to reconcile the two versions of the bill; the reconciled bill passed both houses on April 26, 2019, and was signed into law two months later, on June 26, 2019, by the

452: 5962: 4066: 3617: 6976: 6824: 4924: 4456: 3948: 1489: 6407: 5785:"HB-3020 - A Bill for An Act relating to prohibiting defenses based on certain characteristics of the victim; creating new pro- visions; and amending ORS 161.215 and 163.135" 5528:"HB 931: Crimes and offenses; disclosure of individual's sexual orientation or gender identity as being serious provocation in the context of voluntary manslaughter; exclude" 9685: 5811:"SB-704 – A Bill for An Act relating to prohibiting defenses based on certain characteristics of the victim; creating new pro- visions; and amending ORS 161.215 and 163.135" 4002: 1726: 5099: 4837: 9690: 5844: 5502: 4646: 3816: 7535: 4134: 3663: 3096:

of Jonathan Schmitz, a 24-year old straight man. Three days after the episode was filmed, Schmitz confronted and killed Amedure. Schmitz was tried for the first-degree

5788: 5814: 4208: 6885: 6612: 6114: 5666:"HB 73: An Act relating to a limitation on the use of a victim's gender identity or sexual orientation as the basis for a defense in the trial of a criminal offense" 3872: 3558: 3358: 3313: 312: 3517: 3470: 2159:, removing the provocation defense from New Zealand law, although it was argued by some that this change was more a result of the failed provocation defense in the 7224: 6764: 5583: 5002: 3053:. The state officially became the first Republican-controlled state to abolish the gay and trans panic defense, and went into effect on midnight January 1, 2024. 7096: 6910: 5128: 9208: 5726: 1591: 966: 347: 8969: 6701: 4288: 1556: 978: 1561: 1531: 4259: 2235:(D-MA) introduced S.3188 and H.R.6358, respectively, which would ban the gay and trans panic defense at the national level. Both bills died in committee. 7312: 6471: 4423: 4390: 3018:

passed a bill (House vote 90–5 with 3 excused and Senate vote 46–3) to abolish the gay panic defense. The bill was signed into law in March 2020, by the

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as a supplementary term in Appendix C but did not appear in any subsequent editions of DSM and thus is not considered a diagnosable condition by the

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In July 2020, Colorado became the 11th US state to abolish the gay panic defense. The final vote was 63–1–1 in the House and 35–0 in the Senate.

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The Michigan legislature passed a ban on the use of the gay and trans panic defense on June 27, 2024. The bill was signed into law by Governor

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The gay and trans panic defenses are rooted in antiquated ideas that homosexuality and gender nonconformity are mental illnesses (Lee, 2013).

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New Jersey passed a bill without a single vote in opposition to ban the gay and trans panic defense; it was signed into law in January 2020.

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In Australia, it is known as the "homosexual advance defence" (HAD). Of the status of the HAD in Australia, Kent Blore wrote in 2012:

48: 8812: 7149: 4917: 1711: 1623: 929: 922: 7255: 6964: 6816: 5759: 5310:"A02707: Restricts the nature of extreme emotional disturbance as an affirmative defense to a charge of murder in the second degree" 5284:"S00050: Restricts the nature of extreme emotional disturbance as an affirmative defense to a charge of murder in the second degree" 5258:"A05001: Restricts the nature of extreme emotional disturbance as an affirmative defense to a charge of murder in the second degree" 5232:"S00499: Restricts the nature of extreme emotional disturbance as an affirmative defense to a charge of murder in the second degree" 5206:"A05467: Restricts the nature of extreme emotional disturbance as an affirmative defense to a charge of murder in the second degree" 5180:"S07048: Restricts the nature of extreme emotional disturbance as an affirmative defense to a charge of murder in the second degree" 4860:

1127h. In any criminal trial or proceeding, upon the request of a party, the court shall instruct the jury substantially as follows:

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said she would sign the measure. The bill will then go to Capitol Hill for a 30 legislative day review by Congress, required by the

1450: 9627: 9404: 6399: 5749:"House Bill 231: An Act concerning Crimes – Mitigation – Race, Color, National Origin, Sex, Gender Identity, or Sexual Orientation" 5343: 1716: 1613: 1526: 1388: 1122: 1031: 342: 217: 7412:"Provocation's privileged desire: the provocation doctrine, homosexual panic, and the non-violent unwanted sexual advance defense" 3995: 3916:"The Homosexual Advance Defence and the Campaign to Abolish it in Queensland: The Activist's Dilemma and the Politician's Paradox" 9472: 9450: 8787: 5313: 5287: 5261: 5235: 5209: 5183: 5095: 4833: 1630: 1054: 457: 422: 118: 5837: 5495: 4812: 1667: 9805: 9138: 9026: 8909: 7442: 6493: 5067: 4636: 3808: 1314: 1257: 1132: 1018: 357: 4764: 4734: 9575: 9539: 9245: 7539: 7498: 4123: 3671: 3233:"When is "Gay Panic" Accepted? Exploring Juror Characteristics and Case Type as Predictors of a Successful Gay Panic Defense" 5784: 9675: 9154: 5810: 5473: 4200: 1403: 1199: 317: 267: 106: 6877: 3865: 2143:

In July 2009, Ferdinand Ambach, 32, a Hungarian tourist, was convicted of killing Ronald Brown, 69, by hitting him with a

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Bettcher, Talia Mae (2007). "Evil Deceivers and Make-Believers: On Transphobic Violence and the Politics of Illusion".

3552: 3511: 3464: 3381: 3352: 3307: 3268: 3040: 1701: 1373: 1242: 1237: 1001: 327: 151: 126: 8923: 3025:. Washington state became the tenth US state to ban the gay panic defense when the law went into effect in June 2020. 9287: 8645: 7086: 6906: 6376: 6350: 6151: 5124: 4577: 1863: 1598: 1568: 1428: 558: 337: 257: 161: 5722: 5643: 3715: 9223: 9191: 9169: 8870: 8471: 7704: 4166: 4095: 3639:

Kempf, Edward (1920). "The psychopathology of the acute homosexual panic. Acute pernicious dissociation neuroses".

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Salerno, Jessica M.; Najdowski, Cynthia J.; Harrington, Evan; Kemner, Gretchen; Dave, Reetu (February 2015).

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States that have bans (blue) or are considering bans (pink) on the gay and trans panic defense, as of 2024

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passed SB-0058 unanimously to prohibit the trans and gay panic defense. The bill was signed into law by

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said the pardon would help the Philippines maintain "very deep and very cordial" relations with the US.

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its ambit. Of those that have abolished provocation entirely, Tasmania was the first to do so in 2003.

9800: 9230: 9159: 8899: 8797: 8696: 7930: 7602: 6559: 5899: 5755: 4028:"Overview of Homosexual Advance Defence Laws Across Australia: South Australia Still to Enact Change" 3432: 2200: 2176: 2053: 1969: 1536: 1267: 972: 442: 242: 101: 6052: 5869: 5527: 9532: 9384: 9016: 8996: 8782: 8100: 7488: 2944: 2921: 2265: 2160: 1127: 1099: 915: 183: 4953: 3840: 8730: 8090: 7671: 7607: 4888: 4186: 4182: 4130: 3579: 3456: 3097: 2984: 2002: 844: 654: 5553: 4972:

192. Manslaughter is the unlawful killing of a human being without malice. It is of three kinds:

4889:"'Gay panic' criminal defense strategies should be curtailed by legislation, ABA House resolves" 4703: 4607: 9785: 9510: 9419: 9133: 8917: 8828: 8655: 8570: 8037: 7739: 5444:"S2609: An Act concerning homicide committed in the heat of passion and amending N.J.S.2C:11-4" 5418:"A1796: An Act concerning homicide committed in the heat of passion and amending N.J.S.2C:11-4" 5366:"A4083: An Act concerning homicide committed in the heat of passion and amending N.J.S.2C:11-4" 4714: 4618: 4569: 4562: 4418: 4385: 3503: 3144: 2152: 2131:

that Valencia had intended to seriously harm her. He was instead found guilty of manslaughter.

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In June 2018, H7066aa and S3014, bills to prohibit the gay and trans panic defense passed the

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This article is about the legal defense against violent crimes. For the psychiatric term, see

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signed the bill into law a month later in July 2018. The law went into effect immediately.

2087: 2049: 1993:" in 1920 and identified it as a condition of "panic due to the pressure of uncontrollable 1921: 1846: 1144: 1094: 1084: 661: 30: 5748: 4230:"Student who killed sex worker after finding out she was trans found not guilty of murder" 8: 9815: 9515: 9123: 8620: 8135: 7841: 7631: 7247: 7119: 6431:"New York lawmakers have officially banned 'gay and trans panic defense' in murder cases" 2033: 1913: 1905: 1756: 1655: 1393: 1164: 624: 284: 7411: 5339: 3092:". Scott Amedure, a 32-year-old gay man, publicly revealed on the program that he was a 9615: 9500: 9414: 9337: 9312: 9297: 9277: 9196: 8536: 8418: 8355: 8115: 8105: 7836: 7734: 7445:. Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia: Darwin Community Legal Service. Archived from 7166: 7162: 7058: 7019: 3761: 3406: 3379:

Chuang, HT; Addington, D. (October 1988). "Homosexual panic: a review of its concept".

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Boland, Mary Jane (July 9, 2006). "Move to end provocation defence for gay murders".

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The gay panic defense strategy usually falls into three categories of defenses: the

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Glick, Burton (1959). "Homosexual Panic: Clinical and Theoretical Considerations".

3644: 3390: 3244: 3116: 3060: 2990:. The law went into effect on October 1, 2019, as per the rules governed under the 2045: 1990: 1981: 1214: 860: 432: 20: 6727:"Washington approves Nikki Kuhnhausen Bill to ban 'gay panic' defense of homicide" 6521:"Gov. Ige signs bill allowing non-binary gender designations on driver's licenses" 3765: 3008:

on June 21, 2019, to ban the "gay and trans panic defense" effective immediately.

9670: 9495: 9424: 9269: 8954: 8807: 8590: 8541: 8459: 8409: 8196: 8177: 8172: 8125: 7905: 7782: 7464:"The Trans Panic Defense: Heteronormativity, and the Murder of Transgender Women" 4514: 3140: 3035:

unanimously voted on a bill to ban the use of the "gay and trans panic defense".

2933: 2232: 2184: 2156: 2118: 2103: 2095: 1945: 1736: 1410: 1378: 1368: 905: 687: 641: 518: 412: 387: 252: 91: 8169: 7646: 6933:"Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer signs bill banning "gay or trans panic" defense" 6317:"Illinois governor signs 'gay panic' and trans birth certificate bills into law" 5469: 5060: 3046:

As of January 2021, similar bills have been introduced in several other states.

9758: 9307: 9282: 8991: 8845: 8802: 8610: 8130: 8080: 8062: 7856: 7729: 7709: 7624: 5873: 3896: 3394: 3093: 3050: 1939:

is a closely related legal strategy applied in cases of assault or murder of a

1892: 1766: 1334: 1329: 876: 503: 417: 195: 173: 6848:"After long journey, governor signs Filiault's bill banning gay-panic defense" 9774: 9647: 9061: 8934: 8774: 8762: 8720: 8650: 8615: 8506: 8464: 8436: 8223: 8120: 8110: 8095: 8057: 8029: 7915: 7787: 7761: 7751: 7427: 5697: 3894:

Meade, Amanda (October 23, 1995). "Gay rally puts 'panic defence' on trial".

3295:

Queers, Bis, and Straight Lies: An Intersectional Examination of LGBTQ Stigma

3248: 3161: 3036: 2973: 2172: 1415: 1398: 1383: 1344: 1137: 1079: 672: 447: 407: 8340: 6232:"HB 5216 Judiciary, public safety, and corrections supplemental budget bill" 3932: 3915: 3232: 2947:

passed bills to prohibit the gay and trans panic defense (HB711 and SB2). A

716: 9746: 9637: 9605: 9544: 9389: 9056: 8575: 8516: 8449: 8317: 8263: 8085: 8019: 8014: 7999: 7967: 7895: 7756: 7091: 7000:"Excusing Murder? Conservative Jurors' Acceptance of the Gay-panic defense" 6937: 3809:"South Australia becomes final state to abolish 'gay panic' murder defence" 3757: 3426: 3256: 3175: 3154: 3001:

passed a bill (House vote 132–1 and Senate vote 35–0), which was signed by

2937: 2902: 2037: 1909: 1834: 1350: 1013: 955: 823: 706: 541: 513: 8345: 8009: 7579:

Text of the "Gay Panic" Defense ruling in the Matthew Shepard Murder Trial

7313:"Man's Confession in Transgender Woman's Death Is Admissible, Judge Rules" 6372: 6346: 6143: 5635: 4059:"South Australia Becomes Last State to Allow Gay Panic Defence for Murder" 3402: 791: 9680: 9652: 9164: 8894: 8889: 8635: 8431: 8350: 8280: 8275: 8258: 8213: 7994: 7962: 7957: 7890: 7829: 7659: 7655: 7479: 6174:"Delaware bans LGBTQ+ panic defense with overwhelming bipartisan support" 3707: 3005: 2909:, signed SB1761, banning the gay and trans panic defenses in that state. 2890: 2188: 1940: 1219: 1117: 831: 812: 786: 742: 723: 590: 224: 68: 64: 5125:"An Act Regarding Criminal Procedure with Respect to Allowable Defenses" 4965:

An act to amend Section 192 of the Penal Code, relating to manslaughter.

4564:

Prejudice and pride: discrimination against gay people in modern Britain

9610: 9336: 9181: 9006: 8671: 8580: 8481: 8454: 8426: 8390: 8375: 8365: 8307: 8072: 7910: 7866: 7846: 7804: 7015: 3148: 3123: 3022: 2987: 2917: 2894: 2099: 1339: 762: 747: 7054:"National News Briefs; Jury Selection Begins In 'Jenny Jones' Lawsuit" 4727:"Gay and Trans Panic Defense Prohibition Act of 2019 (2019 - S. 1721)" 3648: 3452:

Criminal Juries in the 21st Century: Psychological Science and the Law

9570: 8944: 8822: 8595: 8370: 8270: 8218: 8208: 7861: 7691: 7185: 6672:"N.J. Bans 'Gay Panic' Murder Defense and Not One Legislator Objects" 4788:"Markey, Pappas introduce bill to ban use of the LGBTQ panic defense" 4675:"Democrats are hoping to ban the gay and trans panic defense – again" 4451: 3949:"Gay panic laws pass Queensland Parliament, removing partial defence" 3344: 3299: 2955: 2228: 1817: 1606: 1324: 781: 736: 701: 667: 7557:"Model Legislation for Eliminating the Gay and Trans Panic Defenses" 7347:"Manslaughter Charges in Beating Death of Transgender Woman in 2013" 6115:"'Gay panic' defense eliminated in New Hampshire starting next year" 4923:. American Bar Association, House of Delegates. August 12–13, 2013. 4480:"US Marine pardoned by Philippines for killing of transgender woman" 2965:

passed SB97 to prohibit the gay and trans panic defense used within

9590: 8665: 8285: 7900: 7582: 2976:

signed SB97 into law. The law went into effect on October 1, 2019.

2906: 2180: 2083: 1994: 1771: 797: 774: 7279:"Embarking on a New Life, Transgender Woman Has It Brutally Taken" 7120:"Witness says accused killer knew beforehand transsexual was male" 6643:"Movement Advancement Project | Gay/Trans Panic Defense Bans" 4821:

An act to add Section 1127h to the Penal Code, relating to crime.

3427:

Jordan Blair Woods; Brad Sears; Christy Mallory (September 2016).

8501: 8491: 8360: 8233: 8042: 7824: 7651: 7647: 7378:"Man Sentenced to 12 Years in Beating Death of Transgender Woman" 1897: 804: 730: 695: 60: 56: 6997: 6613:"Bill banning gay panic defense gets final passage in the House" 4260:"Colombian student not guilty of murder of sex worker in Coogee" 3691: 3188:, a day to memorialize those who have been killed by transphobia 9447: 9001: 8725: 8600: 8476: 8395: 8253: 8052: 8047: 6878:"History Made in New Hampshire - LGBTQ+ "Panic" Defense Banned" 4757:"Gay and Trans Panic Defense Prohibition Act of 2021 (S. 1137)" 4510:"No 'Portsmouth defence': Father and child let down and others" 3866:"Homosexual Advance Defence: Final Report of the Working Party" 2966: 2916:

with overwhelming margins: The House voted 68–2 and the Senate

2275:

Bans and consideration of bans for gay and trans panic defense

1901: 1761: 768: 537: 8521: 8335: 8325: 8302: 8297: 8292: 7667: 7663: 4819:(House Resolution). State of California. Ch. 550 p. 4617. 4715:

H.R.3133, Gay and Trans Panic Defense Prohibition Act of 2019

4619:

H.R.6358, Gay and Trans Panic Defense Prohibition Act of 2018

3431:. The Williams Institute - UCLA School of Law. Archived from 2144: 2009: 711: 72: 5965:. Office of the Revisor of Statutes, Minnesota Legislature. 4969:

SECTION 1. Section 192 of the Penal Code is amended to read:

4318:"Homicide detectives continue inquiry into designer's death" 8691: 8380: 5034:. State of Rhode Island General Assembly. January 3, 2018. 4704:

S.1721, Gay and Trans Panic Defense Prohibition Act of 2019

4608:

S.3188, Gay and Trans Panic Defense Prohibition Act of 2018

1997:

sexual cravings", and classified it as an acute pernicious

1781: 752: 6787:"Colorado becomes 11th state to ban LGBTQ 'panic defense'" 5470:"B22-0102 - Secure A Fair and Equitable Trial Act of 2017" 4856:

SEC. 3. Section 1127h is added to the Penal Code, to read:

2082:

have either abolished the provocation defense altogether (

8486: 8238: 6466: 5472:. Council of the District of Columbia. February 7, 2017. 3049:

In 2023, New Hampshire enacted HB 315, sponsored by Rep.

1786: 6817:"D.C. Council approves bill banning LGBTQ panic defense" 4637:"Bill in Congress Would Ban Gay, Trans 'Panic' Defenses" 6702:"Washington State Bans 'Gay Panic' Defense of Homicide" 6582:"Connecticut lawmakers move to ban 'gay panic defense'" 4976:(a) Voluntary—upon a sudden quarrel or heat of passion. 4593:

Lalor, Peter (November 4, 1995). "He was just a poof".

2175:, was convicted of homicide (but not of murder) in the 6400:"R.I. House votes to end 'gay or trans panic' defense" 6373:"Rhode Island Senate Bill 3014, Regular Session, 2018" 4541:

Toolis, Kevin (November 25, 1995). "A Queer Verdict".

4289:"Colombian student guilty of killing trans sex worker" 4201:"South Australia abolishes the defence of provocation" 3541:

Fitzgerald, Kathleen J.; Grossman, Kandice L. (2020).

2171:

Lance Cpl. Joseph Scott Pemberton, a U.S. Marine from

6347:"Rhode Island House Bill 7066, Regular Session, 2018" 5698:"Texas HB73 | 2021-2022 | 87th Legislature" 5580:"HB 1687: Limiting defenses based on victim identity" 5061:"An Act concerning gay and transgender panic defense" 4951: 4810: 4001:. South Australian Law Reform Institute. April 2017. 7555:

Woods, Jordan Blair; Sears, Brad; Mallory, Christy.

4836:. California Secretary of State. February 22, 2005. 4414:"Gay community calls for justice over banjo killing" 7536:"Pride and Prejudice: The Homosexual Panic Defense" 3664:"Pride and Prejudice: The Homosexual Panic Defense" 2898:justify a lesser charge of voluntary manslaughter. 8417: 7490:American Honor Killings: Desire and Rage Among Men 7217:"Smile called 'provoking act' in transgender case" 6552:"Nevada moves towards banning 'gay panic' defense" 5813:. The Oregon State Legislature. January 22, 2021. 5787:. The Oregon State Legislature. January 21, 2021. 4668: 4666: 4664: 4561: 4447:"Parliament scraps partial defence of provocation" 3540: 3448: 3103: 7683: 7599:Guidance on Prosecuting Cases of Homophobic Crime 6254: 6252: 4960:(House Resolution). State of California. Ch. 684. 3996:"The Provoking Operation of Provocation: Stage 1" 9772: 7142: 7140: 5032:"An Act relating to criminal procedure – trials" 3151:additions to the convictions for the defendants. 3110:Rape by deception § Transgender individuals 2940:signed the ban into law, effective immediately. 721: 7521:. Public Safety Canada/Sécurité publique Canada 6460:Joseph, Elizabeth; Croft, Jay (June 30, 2019). 6260:"Michigan Legislature - House Bill 4718 (2023)" 4661: 4630: 4628: 4626: 3990: 3988: 3655: 3378: 3122:A trans panic defense was used in 2004–2005 in 3066: 9643:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 9067:2020s anti-LGBTQ movement in the United States 8195: 7340: 7338: 7306: 7304: 6907:"Minnesota bans Gay & Trans Panic Defense" 6462:"New York bans gay and trans 'panic' defenses" 6453: 6249: 6144:"New Hampshire HB315 | 2023 | Regular Session" 4568:. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 3336: 3230: 2098:in 2020), or have restricted its application. 2048:based defenses (including temporary insanity, 9088: 7632: 7554: 7248:"Murder and Hate Verdict in Transgender Case" 7137: 5928: 5096:"HB711 HD1 SD1: Relating to Criminal Defense" 5026: 5024: 3909: 3907: 3499:Feminist Analyses of Gendered Representations 1864: 559: 8711:Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures 5119: 5117: 5055: 5053: 5003:"SB1761: Criminal Code – Sexual Orientation" 4997: 4995: 4947: 4945: 4623: 3985: 1975: 9430:Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine 8940:Florida Legislative Investigation Committee 7335: 7301: 6958: 6956: 6459: 6021:"SD-1183 – An Act protecting LGBTQ victims" 5989:"HD-2275 – An Act protecting LGBTQ victims" 5462: 5333: 5331: 5090: 5088: 4912: 4910: 4343:"McNee's killer appeals against sentence". 3444: 3442: 9696:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany 8930:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany 7639: 7625: 6171: 5446:. State of New Jersey, 218th Legislature. 5420:. State of New Jersey, 218th Legislature. 5394:. State of New Jersey, 217th Legislature. 5368:. State of New Jersey, 216th Legislature. 5148: 5146: 5021: 4672: 4411: 3904: 3422: 3420: 3332: 3330: 3204: 2208:latter term was used in a 1980 episode of 1871: 1857: 566: 552: 8981:Front homosexuel d'action révolutionnaire 8813:History of Christianity and homosexuality 7779: 7486: 7462:Lee, Cynthia; Kwan, Peter Kar Yu (2014). 7376:McKinley, James C. Jr. (April 19, 2016). 7183: 7150:Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy 6846:Staff, Rick Green Sentinel (2023-08-09). 6203:"Bill Detail - Delaware General Assembly" 6081: 5981: 5777: 5715: 5598: 5114: 5050: 4992: 4942: 4834:"The Gwen Araujo Justice for Victims Act" 4813:"The Gwen Araujo Justice for Victims Act" 4444: 3931: 3692:American Psychiatric Association (1952). 3287: 3285: 1951:Broadly, the defenses may be called the " 9628:Discrimination against non-binary people 7416:Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy 7375: 7345:McKinley, James C. Jr. (March 3, 2015). 7344: 7311:McKinley, James C. Jr. (April 2, 2016). 7310: 7276: 7146: 6953: 6610: 6287: 6045: 5955: 5922: 5892: 5870:"Senate Bill 718: A bill to be entitled" 5862: 5829: 5741: 5636:"Gay Panic Or Transgender Panic Defense" 5546: 5520: 5328: 5085: 4907: 4559: 3946: 3772: 3439: 3147:. The jury did not return the requested 2246: 8788:History of gay men in the United States 7461: 7277:Schwirtz, Michael (September 8, 2013). 7186:"Two murder convictions in Araujo case" 7117: 7066:from the original on September 11, 2017 6784: 6733:. Associated Press. February 27, 2020. 6549: 6494:"SB2 HD1: Relating to Criminal Defense" 6486: 6026:. The Massachusetts State Legislature. 5994:. The Massachusetts State Legislature. 5658: 5501:. Council of the District of Columbia. 5337: 5156:. 80th Nevada State Legislature. 2019. 5143: 4767:from the original on September 11, 2021 4737:from the original on September 11, 2021 3835: 3833: 3417: 3327: 3291: 2969:courts and tribunals. On May 14, 2019, 9773: 9139:List of LGBT rights articles by region 7533: 7245: 7214: 6875: 6827:from the original on December 19, 2020 6531:from the original on February 14, 2020 5910:from the original on February 11, 2021 5476:from the original on November 14, 2019 4886: 4840:from the original on February 21, 2018 4540: 4490:from the original on September 8, 2020 4477: 4361: 4240:from the original on February 25, 2023 3661: 3282: 2893:signed Assembly Bill No. 2501, making 9446: 9335: 9087: 8760: 8168: 7778: 7682: 7620: 7590:, article by Michael Lindenberger in 7493:. Brooklyn, New York: Akashic Books. 7357:from the original on October 31, 2018 7184:Szymanski, Zak (September 15, 2005). 6845: 6682:from the original on January 22, 2020 6518: 6428: 6397: 6314: 6069:from the original on February 2, 2021 5880:from the original on February 1, 2021 5729:from the original on February 6, 2021 5560:from the original on November 6, 2020 5508:from the original on January 26, 2021 5073:from the original on October 27, 2020 4649:from the original on January 21, 2020 4592: 4445:Hartevelt, John (November 27, 2009). 4056: 3947:Caldwell, Felicity (March 21, 2017). 3913: 3893: 3735: 3729: 3685: 3638: 3632: 2124:South Australian Law Reform Institute 2008:The disorder was briefly included in 9716:Unlawfully killed transgender people 9701:Acts of violence against LGBT people 9676:Capital punishment for homosexuality 9155:Capital punishment for homosexuality 7409: 7215:Whaley, Monte (September 18, 2008). 7118:Doherty, William F (23 April 1997). 7084: 4785: 4634: 4412:Koubaridis, Andrew (July 10, 2009). 3830: 3536: 3534: 3492: 3490: 3340:Sex, Sexuality, Law, and (In)justice 3231:Michalski, N. D.; Nunez, N. (2022). 3131:announced that she was 'really a man 2155:voted to abolish Section 169 of the 2027: 9711:Violence against transgender people 9106:LGBT rights by country or territory 6962: 6882:The National LGBTQ+ Bar Association 6797:from the original on August 9, 2020 6327:from the original on April 24, 2019 6288:Ferguson, David (October 1, 2014). 5943:from the original on March 18, 2021 5817:from the original on March 18, 2021 5725:. The Virginia House of Delegates. 5646:from the original on August 6, 2020 5586:from the original on March 22, 2020 5009:from the original on March 14, 2019 5005:. Illinois General Assembly. 2017. 4426:from the original on April 25, 2020 4393:from the original on April 25, 2020 4198: 4069:from the original on March 20, 2020 4038:from the original on March 20, 2020 3875:from the original on April 15, 2020 3700: 3610:"Edward J. Kempf, Psychiatrist, 86" 3033:Council of the District of Columbia 2958:. It went into effect immediately. 1989:, a psychiatrist, coined the term " 906:Puberty-suppressing hormone therapy 458:Political ideologies regarding LGBT 13: 9236:Legal status of transgender people 8687:Legal status of transgender people 7403: 7388:from the original on June 19, 2019 7289:from the original on June 20, 2019 7258:from the original on April 1, 2019 7227:from the original on April 7, 2019 7163:10.1111/j.1527-2001.2007.tb01090.x 7030:from the original on April 3, 2021 7004:Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 6979:from the original on June 21, 2019 6623:from the original on July 12, 2019 6611:Altimari, Daniela (June 4, 2019). 6592:from the original on June 10, 2019 6588:. Associated Press. June 4, 2019. 6500:from the original on April 3, 2021 6410:from the original on April 1, 2019 6379:from the original on April 1, 2019 6353:from the original on April 1, 2019 6091:. General Court of New Hampshire. 6033:from the original on April 3, 2021 6001:from the original on April 3, 2021 5969:from the original on April 3, 2021 5791:from the original on March 8, 2021 5616:from the original on March 8, 2021 5398:from the original on March 8, 2021 5346:from the original on June 13, 2019 5102:from the original on June 27, 2019 5038:from the original on April 1, 2019 4895:from the original on April 9, 2019 4478:Lendon, Brad (September 8, 2020). 4459:from the original on April 8, 2019 4324:from the original on April 1, 2019 4008:from the original on March 6, 2019 3959:from the original on March 1, 2020 3590:from the original on March 8, 2020 3382:The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 3041:District of Columbia Home Rule Act 2943:In April 2019, both houses of the 2187:gave him an absolute pardon. Sen. 14: 9827: 8318:Third sex / Third gender 7572: 7323:from the original on May 15, 2019 7196:from the original on May 29, 2020 7099:from the original on June 5, 2018 6737:from the original on June 7, 2020 6474:from the original on July 1, 2019 6441:from the original on May 18, 2019 6398:Gregg, Katherine (May 22, 2018). 6296:from the original on May 26, 2020 5850:from the original on May 11, 2021 5835: 5534:from the original on May 27, 2020 5450:from the original on May 29, 2020 5424:from the original on May 28, 2020 5372:from the original on May 29, 2020 5316:from the original on May 27, 2020 5290:from the original on May 28, 2020 5264:from the original on May 28, 2020 5238:from the original on May 27, 2020 5212:from the original on May 30, 2020 5186:from the original on May 29, 2020 5160:from the original on May 24, 2019 5131:from the original on May 27, 2020 4887:Carter, Terry (August 12, 2013). 4673:Crittenton, Anya (June 5, 2019). 4522:from the original on May 27, 2020 4320:. NZ Herald News. July 28, 2003. 3694:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 3620:from the original on July 5, 2022 3584:The National LGBT Bar Association 3531: 3487: 3449:Najdowski C, Stevenson M (2018). 3237:Journal of Interpersonal Violence 3205:Harrington, Evan (24 June 2024). 2199:Guidance given to counsel by the 2194: 1896:available legal defenses against 9753: 9752: 9740: 9340:— Medicine, science and sexology 9170:Criminalization of homosexuality 8472:Attraction to transgender people 7516:"Hatred, Murder and Male Honour" 7410:Chen, Christina Pei-Lin (2000). 7369: 7270: 7239: 7208: 7177: 7111: 7078: 7046: 6991: 6925: 6913:from the original on 6 June 2024 6899: 6869: 6839: 6809: 6778: 6749: 6719: 6694: 6664: 6635: 6604: 6574: 6543: 6512: 6422: 6391: 6365: 6339: 6308: 6281: 6224: 6195: 6172:Sprayregen, Molly (2023-10-03). 6165: 6136: 6107: 6095:from the original on May 7, 2021 5765:from the original on May 4, 2021 5678:from the original on May 6, 2021 5582:. Washington State Legislature. 5066:. Connecticut General Assembly. 4786:Kane, Christopher (2023-06-28). 4381:"Gay MP calls for change to law" 4347:. February 17, 2005. p. 3. 3750:10.1097/00005053-195907000-00003 3712:American Psychiatric Association 3670:. Boston College. Archived from 2889:On September 27, 2014, Governor 2217: 2059: 2014:American Psychiatric Association 1920:, and that this circumstance is 1841: 1840: 1828: 1816: 967:Assisted reproductive technology 536: 263:Criminalization of homosexuality 47: 9623:Discrimination against lesbians 9555:Transgender people and religion 9370:Disability and LGBTQ identities 8924:Institut für Sexualwissenschaft 6888:from the original on 2024-01-10 6858:from the original on 2024-01-27 6785:Burness, Alex (July 13, 2020). 6767:from the original on 2020-03-22 6708:from the original on 2020-03-07 6653:from the original on 2020-05-23 6550:Glauert, Rik (April 17, 2019). 6429:Avery, Dan (January 25, 2019). 6315:Riley, John (August 28, 2017). 6270:from the original on 2023-10-26 6238:from the original on 2024-05-21 6213:from the original on 2023-09-26 6184:from the original on 2023-10-03 6154:from the original on 2023-06-27 6125:from the original on 2023-08-22 6013: 5803: 5704:from the original on 2023-04-17 5690: 5628: 5572: 5556:. Wisconsin State Legislature. 5488: 5436: 5410: 5384: 5358: 5302: 5276: 5250: 5224: 5198: 5172: 4956:. Session of the Legislature. 4930:from the original on 2017-03-10 4880: 4826: 4815:. Session of the Legislature. 4804: 4779: 4749: 4719: 4708: 4697: 4612: 4601: 4586: 4553: 4534: 4502: 4471: 4438: 4405: 4373: 4355: 4336: 4310: 4281: 4270:from the original on 2023-02-25 4252: 4222: 4211:from the original on 2023-05-03 4192: 4172: 4152: 4140:from the original on 2015-09-21 4116: 4101: 4081: 4050: 4020: 3971: 3940: 3887: 3858: 3847:from the original on 2023-05-05 3819:from the original on 2020-12-02 3801: 3718:from the original on 2015-08-19 3602: 3572: 3561:from the original on 2023-12-07 3520:from the original on 2023-12-07 3473:from the original on 2023-12-07 3361:from the original on 2023-12-07 3337:Fradella HF, Sumner JM (2016). 3316:from the original on 2023-12-07 3271:from the original on 2023-05-03 3126:by the three defendants in the 3104:Uses of the trans panic defense 3090:Revealing Same Sex Secret Crush 2222: 1948:to a heterosexual trans woman. 8740:Sexual practices between women 7246:Frosch, Dan (April 22, 2009). 6757:"Washington State Legislature" 5756:The Maryland State Legislature 4057:Jones, Ruby (March 22, 2017). 3372: 3224: 3198: 3186:Transgender Day of Remembrance 2166: 2134: 2078:In Australia, as of 2023, all 1908:into reacting, were acting in 1325:Cisgender / cissexual 1320:Childhood gender nonconformity 946:Facial masculinization surgery 1: 9806:Violence against LGBTQ people 9691:History of violence in the US 9686:History of violence in the UK 9165:Civil unions and partnerships 9035:Timeline of same-sex marriage 8736:Women who have sex with women 8716:Social construction of gender 7612:National LGBT Bar Association 6519:Ladao, Mark (June 26, 2019). 5610:Pennsylvania General Assembly 5342:. The New York State Senate. 4954:" Session of the Legislature" 4518:(letters). November 6, 2003. 3920:QUT Law & Justice Journal 3780:"Gay and Trans Panic Defense" 3429:"Gay and Trans Panic Defense" 3192: 2242: 1802:Social construction of gender 9663:Violence against LGBT people 9564:Prejudice and discrimination 9380:Homosexuality and psychology 9052:Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2014 8987:Florida orange juice boycott 8701:Sexual practices between men 8586:Erotic target location error 5843:. Vermont General Assembly. 5671:. Texas Legislature Online. 5530:. Georgia General Assembly. 4635:Ring, Trudy (June 5, 2019). 3067:Use of the gay panic defense 3020:Governor of Washington State 3016:Washington State Legislature 2981:Connecticut General Assembly 2257:California State Legislature 2064: 1374:Gender-sexuality questioning 453:Political parties affiliates 7: 9425:Sexual orientation identity 9350:Autism and LGBTQ identities 9241:Transgender rights movement 8761: 8606:Gender and sexual diversity 7975:Queerplatonic relationships 6060:The Legislature of Nebraska 5312:. New York State Assembly. 5286:. New York State Assembly. 5260:. New York State Assembly. 5234:. New York State Assembly. 5208:. New York State Assembly. 5182:. New York State Assembly. 5127:. Maine Legislature. 2019. 4952:California State Assembly. 4811:California State Assembly. 4183:[2017] HCATrans 131 3826:– via www.abc.net.au. 3169: 3076:culpability and sentences. 2992:Constitution of Connecticut 2161:Sophie Elliott murder trial 1953:gay and trans panic defense 939:Facial feminization surgery 16:Controversial legal defense 10: 9832: 9601:Grooming conspiracy theory 9550:Homosexuality and religion 8818:History of same-sex unions 7085:Dart, Tom (May 12, 2018). 5936:. New Mexico Legislature. 4595:The Daily Telegraph Mirror 3738:Nervous and Mental Disease 3395:10.1177/070674378803300707 3181:Transgender discrimination 3107: 3088:filmed an episode titled " 2929:New York State Legislature 2231:(D-MA) and Representative 2151:On November 26, 2009, the 1979: 1962: 1889:homosexual advance defence 1309:Androphilia and gynephilia 1009:Gender self-identification 18: 9796:LGBTQ-related legislation 9734: 9661: 9563: 9471: 9467: 9442: 9345: 9331: 9268: 9160:Censorship of LGBT issues 9147: 9104: 9100: 9083: 9025: 8908: 8900:First homosexual movement 8879: 8838: 8773: 8769: 8756: 8697:Men who have sex with men 8563: 8445: 8408: 8316: 8204: 8191: 8164: 8071: 8028: 7800: 7796: 7774: 7700: 7678: 7603:Crown Prosecution Service 7487:McConnell, David (2013). 7443:"Equality Before the Law" 5640:Colorado General Assembly 5154:"Nevada Senate Bill SB97" 4163:[2016] SASCFC 129 3668:Boston College Law School 2813: 2496: 2463: 2457: 2414: 2408: 2201:Crown Prosecution Service 2177:killing of Jennifer Laude 2054:diminished responsibility 1976:Homosexual panic disorder 1970:homosexual panic disorder 683:Non-binary or genderqueer 9533:Suicide among LGBT youth 9385:Homosexuality in the DSM 9017:Bar Abanicos police raid 8997:Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS 8970:Festival of Light action 8950:Compton's Cafeteria riot 8783:History of homosexuality 8244:Non-binary / genderqueer 8101:Gay flag of South Africa 7705:LGBT topics in education 7559:. The Williams Institute 6525:Honolulu Star-Advertiser 5874:The Florida State Senate 4560:Galloway, Bruce (1983). 4167:Court of Criminal Appeal 4165: (8 December 2016), 4096:Court of Criminal Appeal 4092:[2014] SASCFC 56 3841:"LGBTQ+ "Panic" Defense" 3544:Sociology of Sexualities 3249:10.1177/0886260520912595 2945:Hawaii State Legislature 2922:Governor of Rhode Island 2266:American Bar Association 1128:Parental rights movement 1037:Political office-holders 916:Gender-affirming surgery 9540:Monuments and memorials 9528:Suicides of LGBT people 9260:Commonwealth of Nations 9092:Rights and legal issues 8731:Transgender health care 6965:"The Gay Panic Defense" 4792:www.washingtonblade.com 4131:High Court of Australia 3933:10.5204/qutlr.v12i2.489 3457:Oxford University Press 3098:murder of Scott Amedure 2997:Also in June 2019, the 2003:St. Elizabeths Hospital 722: 655:Bissu, Calabai, Calalai 9511:LGBT rights opposition 9420:Split attraction model 8918:Dance of the Forty-One 8829:Category:LGBTQ history 8798:LGBTQ history timeline 8706:Sex–gender distinction 8656:Human female sexuality 7990:Same-sex relationships 7608:LGBTQ+ "Panic" Defense 6264:www.legislature.mi.gov 5338:Hoylman, Brad (2019). 4989: 4958:Statutes of California 4877: 4817:Statutes of California 4419:The New Zealand Herald 4386:The New Zealand Herald 3580:"LGBTQ+ Panic Defense" 3145:voluntary manslaughter 3115:In the 1997 murder of 3031:In December 2020, the 3014:In February 2020, the 2252: 2153:New Zealand Parliament 2076: 2042:imperfect self defense 1823:Transgender portal 1792:Sex–gender distinction 1351:Gender detransitioning 1238:Anatomical terminology 9293:LGBT rights activists 9270:LGBT rights movements 9250:Yogyakarta Principles 9209:Assisted reproduction 9187:Intersex human rights 9047:Russian anti-LGBT law 8793:History of lesbianism 8249:Queer heterosexuality 6963:Lee, Cynthia (2008). 6876:mnemec (2023-08-18). 6823:. December 16, 2020. 4962: 4850: 4364:The Sunday Star-Times 4264:Sydney Morning Herald 4185: (16 June 2017), 4124:"Lindsay v the Queen" 4112:[2015] HCA 17 3616:. December 14, 1971. 3435:on November 30, 2019. 2914:Rhode Island Assembly 2250: 2211:Rumpole of the Bailey 2163:by her ex-boyfriend. 2071: 1999:dissociative disorder 1777:Queer heterosexuality 1389:Rapid-onset dysphoria 1172:Yogyakarta Principles 526:LGBT people in prison 9811:Violence against men 9581:Anti-gender movement 9012:Tasty nightclub raid 8960:Gay Liberation Front 8661:Human male sexuality 8532:Romantic orientation 8331:Balkan sworn virgins 8229:Gender nonconformity 7480:10.2139/ssrn.2430390 7468:Hastings Law Journal 6678:. January 21, 2020. 5904:The Iowa Legislature 4094: (3 June 2014), 3914:Blore, Kent (2012). 3815:. December 1, 2020. 3643:. pp. 477–515. 3506:. 2009. p. 82. 3347:. pp. 453–456. 3085:The Jenny Jones Show 2949:conference committee 2050:irresistible impulse 2005:in Washington, D.C. 1957:LGBTQ+ panic defense 1363:Gender transitioning 1315:Blanchard's typology 1243:Fictional characters 1189:Events and awareness 1095:Anti-gender movement 333:Military and Veteran 9516:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 8621:Gender essentialism 8419:Sexual orientations 7588:"They asked for it" 7534:Suffredini, Kasey. 7449:on December 7, 2004 6969:UC Davis Law Review 5929:Candelaria, Jacob. 5340:"Senate Bill S3293" 4199:Withers, Johnston. 4179:Lindsay v The Queen 4108:Lindsay v the Queen 3662:Suffredini, Kasey. 3037:Mayor Muriel Bowser 2276: 2179:in a motel room in 1935:trans panic defense 1914:diminished capacity 1757:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 1302:Theory and concepts 1184:Society and culture 1165:Trans panic defense 123:Transgender rights 9616:Liberal homophobia 9473:Societal attitudes 9451:Societal attitudes 9415:Conversion therapy 9338:Sexual orientation 9298:Rainbow capitalism 9288:LGBT rights groups 9197:Same-sex parenting 9148:LGBT rights topics 8861:pre-Columbian Peru 8537:Same gender loving 8183:Sexual diversities 7837:Bisexual community 7382:The New York Times 7351:The New York Times 7317:The New York Times 7283:The New York Times 7252:The New York Times 7062:. March 30, 1999. 7059:The New York Times 7016:10.1037/law0000024 6852:SentinelSource.com 6404:Providence Journal 6207:legis.delaware.gov 3871:. September 1998. 3614:The New York Times 3459:. pp. 71–74. 3292:Worthen M (2020). 3063:on July 23, 2024. 2979:In June 2019, the 2963:Nevada Legislature 2274: 2253: 2112:Northern Territory 1918:temporarily insane 1797:Sexual orientation 1636:Disenfranchisement 1205:Day of Remembrance 1106:trans-exclusionary 591:Transgender topics 248:Conversion therapy 102:Germany (pre-1933) 9791:LGBTQ and society 9781:Criminal defenses 9768: 9767: 9730: 9729: 9726: 9725: 9706:Stop Murder Music 9506:Gay panic defense 9486:Heteronormativity 9438: 9437: 9405:Prenatal hormones 9327: 9326: 9323: 9322: 9214:Same-sex marriage 9175:decriminalization 9079: 9078: 9075: 9074: 9041:Lawrence v. Texas 8975:White Night riots 8965:Handkerchief code 8752: 8751: 8748: 8747: 8641:Gender transition 8631:Gender neutrality 8626:Gender expression 8611:Gender assignment 8559: 8558: 8410:Sexual identities 8404: 8403: 8178:Sexual identities 8173:Gender identities 8160: 8159: 8156: 8155: 7879:Awareness periods 7852:Community centers 7770: 7769: 7500:978-1-61775-153-0 6704:. March 6, 2020. 6119:Portsmouth Herald 4389:. July 10, 2009. 4345:The Dominion Post 3649:10.1037/10580-010 3081:tabloid talk show 2999:Maine Legislature 2961:In May 2019, the 2887: 2886: 2497:Washington, D.C. 2227:In 2018, Senator 2205:England and Wales 2092:Western Australia 2080:Australian states 2028:Types of defenses 1885:gay panic defense 1881: 1880: 1727:elected officials 1357:Gender expression 1210:Day of Visibility 1019:Non-binary gender 985:Standards of Care 642:Gender identities 576: 575: 438:Sexual revolution 393:Bisexual politics 152:Decriminalization 9823: 9801:Social phenomena 9756: 9755: 9747:LGBTQ portal 9745: 9744: 9743: 9523:LGBT stereotypes 9491:Heteropatriarchy 9481:Amatonormativity 9469: 9468: 9444: 9443: 9410:Sexual inversion 9333: 9332: 9192:Military service 9102: 9101: 9085: 9084: 8808:Social movements 8771: 8770: 8758: 8757: 8512:Non-heterosexual 8415: 8414: 8202: 8201: 8193: 8192: 8166: 8165: 8141:Rainbow crossing 7980:Religious groups 7926:New queer cinema 7798: 7797: 7776: 7775: 7715:Lesbian feminism 7680: 7679: 7641: 7634: 7627: 7618: 7617: 7568: 7566: 7564: 7551: 7549: 7547: 7542:on March 8, 2021 7538:. 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Archived from 3776: 3770: 3769: 3733: 3727: 3726: 3724: 3723: 3704: 3698: 3697: 3689: 3683: 3682: 3680: 3679: 3659: 3653: 3652: 3636: 3630: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3606: 3600: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3576: 3570: 3569: 3567: 3566: 3538: 3529: 3528: 3526: 3525: 3494: 3485: 3484: 3479: 3478: 3446: 3437: 3436: 3424: 3415: 3414: 3376: 3370: 3369: 3367: 3366: 3334: 3325: 3324: 3322: 3321: 3289: 3280: 3279: 3277: 3276: 3243:(1–2): 782–803. 3228: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3202: 3138: 3134: 3117:Chanelle Pickett 3061:Gretchen Whitmer 2901:In August 2017, 2277: 2273: 1991:homosexual panic 1982:Homosexual panic 1946:heterosexual man 1937: 1936: 1873: 1866: 1859: 1844: 1843: 1835:LGBTQ portal 1833: 1832: 1831: 1821: 1820: 1671: 1498: 1365: 1353: 1311: 1258:Media portrayals 1111: 1110: 1109:radical feminism 1107: 1103: 1055:Military service 987: 975: 958: 948: 941: 932: 925: 918: 908: 889: 879: 870: 863: 861:Gender dysphoria 856: 727: 611: 608: 605: 602: 599: 578: 577: 568: 561: 554: 540: 323:Community centre 179:Military service 119:Social attitudes 51: 41: 26: 25: 21:Homosexual panic 9831: 9830: 9826: 9825: 9824: 9822: 9821: 9820: 9771: 9770: 9769: 9764: 9741: 9739: 9722: 9671:Corrective rape 9657: 9559: 9496:Homonationalism 9463: 9434: 9341: 9319: 9264: 9255:La Francophonie 9224:List of couples 9182:Hate crime laws 9143: 9096: 9071: 9021: 8955:Stonewall riots 8904: 8875: 8871:Medieval Europe 8834: 8765: 8744: 8555: 8542:Sexual minority 8460:Gray asexuality 8441: 8400: 8312: 8197:Gender identity 8187: 8152: 8067: 8024: 7792: 7766: 7696: 7687:Academic fields 7674: 7645: 7575: 7562: 7560: 7545: 7543: 7524: 7522: 7518: 7514: 7505: 7503: 7501: 7452: 7450: 7441: 7432: 7430: 7406: 7404:Further reading 7401: 7391: 7389: 7374: 7370: 7360: 7358: 7343: 7336: 7326: 7324: 7309: 7302: 7292: 7290: 7275: 7271: 7261: 7259: 7244: 7240: 7230: 7228: 7221:The Denver Post 7213: 7209: 7199: 7197: 7190:BayAreaReporter 7182: 7178: 7145: 7138: 7128: 7126: 7116: 7112: 7102: 7100: 7083: 7079: 7069: 7067: 7052: 7051: 7047: 7033: 7031: 6996: 6992: 6982: 6980: 6961: 6954: 6944: 6942: 6931: 6930: 6926: 6916: 6914: 6909:. 28 May 2024. 6905: 6904: 6900: 6891: 6889: 6874: 6870: 6861: 6859: 6844: 6840: 6830: 6828: 6815: 6814: 6810: 6800: 6798: 6791:The Denver Post 6783: 6779: 6770: 6768: 6755: 6754: 6750: 6740: 6738: 6725: 6724: 6720: 6711: 6709: 6700: 6699: 6695: 6685: 6683: 6670: 6669: 6665: 6656: 6654: 6647:www.lgbtmap.org 6641: 6640: 6636: 6626: 6624: 6609: 6605: 6595: 6593: 6580: 6579: 6575: 6565: 6563: 6562:on May 20, 2019 6548: 6544: 6534: 6532: 6517: 6513: 6503: 6501: 6492: 6491: 6487: 6477: 6475: 6458: 6454: 6444: 6442: 6427: 6423: 6413: 6411: 6396: 6392: 6382: 6380: 6371: 6370: 6366: 6356: 6354: 6345: 6344: 6340: 6330: 6328: 6313: 6309: 6299: 6297: 6286: 6282: 6273: 6271: 6258: 6257: 6250: 6241: 6239: 6230: 6229: 6225: 6216: 6214: 6201: 6200: 6196: 6187: 6185: 6170: 6166: 6157: 6155: 6142: 6141: 6137: 6128: 6126: 6113: 6112: 6108: 6098: 6096: 6087: 6086: 6082: 6072: 6070: 6066: 6055: 6051: 6050: 6046: 6036: 6034: 6030: 6023: 6019: 6018: 6014: 6004: 6002: 5998: 5991: 5987: 5986: 5982: 5972: 5970: 5961: 5960: 5956: 5946: 5944: 5940: 5933: 5927: 5923: 5913: 5911: 5898: 5897: 5893: 5883: 5881: 5868: 5867: 5863: 5853: 5851: 5847: 5840: 5836:Small, Taylor. 5834: 5830: 5820: 5818: 5809: 5808: 5804: 5794: 5792: 5783: 5782: 5778: 5768: 5766: 5762: 5751: 5747: 5746: 5742: 5732: 5730: 5721: 5720: 5716: 5707: 5705: 5696: 5695: 5691: 5681: 5679: 5675: 5668: 5664: 5663: 5659: 5649: 5647: 5634: 5633: 5629: 5619: 5617: 5604: 5603: 5599: 5589: 5587: 5578: 5577: 5573: 5563: 5561: 5552: 5551: 5547: 5537: 5535: 5526: 5525: 5521: 5511: 5509: 5505: 5498: 5494: 5493: 5489: 5479: 5477: 5468: 5467: 5463: 5453: 5451: 5442: 5441: 5437: 5427: 5425: 5416: 5415: 5411: 5401: 5399: 5390: 5389: 5385: 5375: 5373: 5364: 5363: 5359: 5349: 5347: 5336: 5329: 5319: 5317: 5308: 5307: 5303: 5293: 5291: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5267: 5265: 5256: 5255: 5251: 5241: 5239: 5230: 5229: 5225: 5215: 5213: 5204: 5203: 5199: 5189: 5187: 5178: 5177: 5173: 5163: 5161: 5152: 5151: 5144: 5134: 5132: 5123: 5122: 5115: 5105: 5103: 5094: 5093: 5086: 5076: 5074: 5070: 5063: 5059: 5058: 5051: 5041: 5039: 5030: 5029: 5022: 5012: 5010: 5001: 5000: 4993: 4988: 4984: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4978: 4975: 4974: 4971: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4966: 4950: 4943: 4933: 4931: 4927: 4920: 4916: 4915: 4908: 4898: 4896: 4885: 4881: 4876: 4869: 4868: 4867: 4866: 4863: 4862: 4859: 4858: 4857: 4853: 4843: 4841: 4832: 4831: 4827: 4809: 4805: 4796: 4794: 4784: 4780: 4770: 4768: 4755: 4754: 4750: 4740: 4738: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4713: 4709: 4702: 4698: 4688: 4686: 4671: 4662: 4652: 4650: 4633: 4624: 4617: 4613: 4606: 4602: 4591: 4587: 4580: 4558: 4554: 4545:. p. 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May 6, 2015. 4126: 4122: 4121: 4117: 4106: 4102: 4098:(SA, Australia) 4086: 4082: 4072: 4070: 4055: 4051: 4041: 4039: 4026: 4025: 4021: 4011: 4009: 4005: 3998: 3994: 3993: 3986: 3977: 3976: 3972: 3962: 3960: 3945: 3941: 3912: 3905: 3892: 3888: 3878: 3876: 3868: 3864: 3863: 3859: 3850: 3848: 3839: 3838: 3831: 3822: 3820: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3793: 3791: 3778: 3777: 3773: 3734: 3730: 3721: 3719: 3706: 3705: 3701: 3690: 3686: 3677: 3675: 3660: 3656: 3641:Psychopathology 3637: 3633: 3623: 3621: 3608: 3607: 3603: 3593: 3591: 3578: 3577: 3573: 3564: 3562: 3555: 3539: 3532: 3523: 3521: 3514: 3496: 3495: 3488: 3476: 3474: 3467: 3447: 3440: 3425: 3418: 3377: 3373: 3364: 3362: 3355: 3335: 3328: 3319: 3317: 3310: 3290: 3283: 3274: 3272: 3229: 3225: 3215: 3213: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3172: 3136: 3132: 3112: 3106: 3069: 2934:NYC Pride March 2798:North Carolina 2245: 2233:Joe Kennedy III 2225: 2220: 2197: 2185:Rodrigo Duterte 2169: 2157:Crimes Act 1961 2137: 2119:South Australia 2104:New South Wales 2096:South Australia 2067: 2062: 2030: 1987:Edward J. Kempf 1984: 1978: 1965: 1934: 1933: 1877: 1839: 1829: 1827: 1815: 1807: 1806: 1752: 1744: 1743: 1665: 1659: 1652: 1492: 1437: 1431: 1421: 1420: 1411:Transmedicalism 1379:Gender variance 1369:Gender identity 1361: 1349: 1307: 1303: 1295: 1294: 1234: 1229: 1200:Beauty pageants 1191: 1185: 1177: 1176: 1133:Transgender men 1108: 1105: 1102:Gender-critical 1101: 1100: 1091: 1041: 1027:Rights movement 1023: 1004: 993: 992: 983: 971: 954: 951: 944: 937: 928: 921: 914: 911: 904: 887:Hormone therapy 885: 882: 875: 866: 859: 852: 848: 837: 836: 688:Gender fluidity 644: 634: 609: 606: 603: 600: 597: 572: 531: 530: 519:Minority rights 499: 491: 490: 471: 463: 462: 413:Homonationalism 383: 375: 374: 303: 295: 294: 253:Corrective rape 238: 230: 229: 147: 139: 138: 114:Intersex rights 82: 39: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9829: 9819: 9818: 9813: 9808: 9803: 9798: 9793: 9788: 9783: 9766: 9765: 9763: 9762: 9750: 9735: 9732: 9731: 9728: 9727: 9724: 9723: 9721: 9720: 9719: 9718: 9708: 9703: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9667: 9665: 9659: 9658: 9656: 9655: 9650: 9645: 9640: 9635: 9630: 9625: 9620: 9619: 9618: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9567: 9565: 9561: 9560: 9558: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9537: 9536: 9535: 9525: 9520: 9519: 9518: 9508: 9503: 9498: 9493: 9488: 9483: 9477: 9475: 9465: 9464: 9462: 9461: 9456: 9453: 9440: 9439: 9436: 9435: 9433: 9432: 9427: 9422: 9417: 9412: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9392: 9387: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9346: 9343: 9342: 9329: 9328: 9325: 9324: 9321: 9320: 9318: 9317: 9316: 9315: 9310: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9285: 9283:Gay liberation 9280: 9274: 9272: 9266: 9265: 9263: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9246:United Nations 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9227: 9226: 9221: 9211: 9206: 9205: 9204: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9178: 9177: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9151: 9149: 9145: 9144: 9142: 9141: 9136: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9110: 9108: 9098: 9097: 9095: 9094: 9081: 9080: 9077: 9076: 9073: 9072: 9070: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9049: 9044: 9037: 9031: 9029: 9023: 9022: 9020: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8992:Operation Soap 8989: 8984: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8920: 8914: 8912: 8906: 8905: 8903: 8902: 8897: 8892: 8886: 8884: 8877: 8876: 8874: 8873: 8868: 8863: 8858: 8856:Ancient Greece 8853: 8848: 8846:Adelphopoiesis 8842: 8840: 8839:Pre-modern era 8836: 8835: 8833: 8832: 8825: 8820: 8815: 8810: 8805: 8800: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8779: 8777: 8767: 8766: 8754: 8753: 8750: 8749: 8746: 8745: 8743: 8742: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8683: 8682: 8675: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8603: 8598: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8567: 8565: 8561: 8560: 8557: 8556: 8554: 8553: 8544: 8539: 8534: 8529: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8504: 8499: 8497:Heteroflexible 8494: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8469: 8468: 8467: 8462: 8452: 8446: 8443: 8442: 8440: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8423: 8421: 8412: 8406: 8405: 8402: 8401: 8399: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8373: 8368: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8328: 8322: 8320: 8314: 8313: 8311: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8289: 8288: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8267: 8266: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8205: 8199: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8185: 8180: 8175: 8162: 8161: 8158: 8157: 8154: 8153: 8151: 8150: 8145: 8144: 8143: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8118: 8113: 8108: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8083: 8077: 8075: 8069: 8068: 8066: 8065: 8063:Rainbow plaque 8060: 8055: 8050: 8045: 8040: 8038:Black triangle 8034: 8032: 8026: 8025: 8023: 8022: 8017: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7972: 7971: 7970: 7965: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7940: 7939: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7886:Film festivals 7883: 7882: 7881: 7871: 7870: 7869: 7864: 7857:Cross-dressing 7854: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7833: 7832: 7827: 7819: 7818: 7817: 7807: 7801: 7794: 7793: 7791: 7790: 7785: 7772: 7771: 7768: 7767: 7765: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7743: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7722: 7717: 7712: 7710:Gender studies 7707: 7701: 7698: 7697: 7695: 7694: 7689: 7676: 7675: 7644: 7643: 7636: 7629: 7621: 7615: 7614: 7605: 7596: 7585: 7574: 7573:External links 7571: 7570: 7569: 7552: 7531: 7512: 7499: 7484: 7459: 7439: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7399: 7368: 7334: 7300: 7269: 7238: 7207: 7176: 7136: 7110: 7077: 7045: 6990: 6952: 6941:. 24 July 2024 6924: 6898: 6868: 6838: 6808: 6777: 6761:app.leg.wa.gov 6748: 6718: 6693: 6663: 6634: 6603: 6573: 6542: 6511: 6485: 6452: 6421: 6390: 6364: 6338: 6307: 6280: 6248: 6223: 6194: 6164: 6135: 6106: 6080: 6044: 6012: 5980: 5954: 5921: 5891: 5861: 5828: 5802: 5776: 5740: 5714: 5689: 5657: 5627: 5597: 5571: 5545: 5519: 5487: 5461: 5435: 5409: 5383: 5357: 5327: 5301: 5275: 5249: 5223: 5197: 5171: 5142: 5113: 5084: 5049: 5020: 4991: 4963: 4941: 4906: 4879: 4851: 4825: 4803: 4778: 4748: 4718: 4707: 4696: 4660: 4622: 4611: 4600: 4585: 4578: 4552: 4533: 4501: 4470: 4437: 4404: 4372: 4354: 4335: 4309: 4280: 4251: 4221: 4191: 4171: 4151: 4115: 4100: 4080: 4049: 4019: 3984: 3970: 3953:Brisbane Times 3939: 3903: 3897:The Australian 3886: 3857: 3829: 3800: 3771: 3728: 3699: 3684: 3654: 3631: 3601: 3571: 3554:978-1544370651 3553: 3530: 3513:978-1433102769 3512: 3486: 3466:978-0190658137 3465: 3438: 3416: 3371: 3354:978-1317528906 3353: 3326: 3309:978-1315280318 3308: 3281: 3223: 3196: 3194: 3191: 3190: 3189: 3183: 3178: 3171: 3168: 3167: 3166: 3159: 3152: 3143:to charges of 3120: 3105: 3102: 3094:secret admirer 3068: 3065: 3051:Shaun Filiault 2905:, Governor of 2885: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2840: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2827: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2818: 2815: 2814:New Hampshire 2811: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2795: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2770: 2767: 2763: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2750:Massachusetts 2747: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2731: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2703: 2699: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2651: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2639: 2635: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2619: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2610: 2607: 2603: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2587: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2555: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2539: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2510: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2494: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2481: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2455: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2442: 2441: 2439: 2436: 2432: 2431: 2429: 2426: 2422: 2421: 2419: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2406: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2397: 2394: 2390: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2378: 2374: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2358: 2357: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2342: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2326: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2317: 2314: 2310: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2294: 2293: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2244: 2241: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2196: 2195:United Kingdom 2193: 2168: 2165: 2136: 2133: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2029: 2026: 2024:self-control. 1980:Main article: 1977: 1974: 1964: 1961: 1893:victim blaming 1879: 1878: 1876: 1875: 1868: 1861: 1853: 1850: 1849: 1838: 1837: 1825: 1812: 1809: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1767:Gender studies 1764: 1759: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1746: 1745: 1742: 1741: 1740: 1739: 1734: 1732:Cafeteria riot 1729: 1724: 1714: 1712:United Kingdom 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1683: 1682: 1672: 1653: 1651: 1650: 1649: 1648: 1643: 1638: 1628: 1627: 1626: 1621: 1614:United Kingdom 1611: 1610: 1609: 1601: 1596: 1595: 1594: 1586: 1581: 1580: 1579: 1571: 1566: 1565: 1564: 1559: 1551: 1546: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1521: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1499: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1476: 1475: 1465: 1460: 1455: 1454: 1453: 1448: 1433: 1432: 1427: 1426: 1423: 1422: 1419: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1407: 1406: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1359: 1354: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1335:Cross-dressing 1332: 1330:Cisnormativity 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1297: 1296: 1293: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1271: 1270: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1230: 1228: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1195:Awareness Week 1187: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1179: 1178: 1175: 1174: 1169: 1168: 1167: 1162: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1141: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1118:Discrimination 1115: 1114: 1113: 1090: 1089: 1088: 1087: 1082: 1080:Bathroom bills 1074: 1069: 1068: 1067: 1062: 1052: 1047: 1040: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1022: 1021: 1016: 1011: 1005: 999: 998: 995: 994: 991: 990: 989: 988: 976: 969: 964: 959: 950: 949: 942: 935: 934: 933: 930:male-to-female 926: 923:female-to-male 910: 909: 902: 901: 900: 895: 881: 880: 877:Sex assignment 873: 872: 871: 857: 849: 843: 842: 839: 838: 835: 834: 829: 828: 827: 820: 810: 809: 808: 801: 794: 784: 779: 778: 777: 772: 765: 760: 755: 750: 745: 740: 733: 728: 719: 714: 704: 699: 692: 691: 690: 680: 675: 670: 665: 658: 651: 645: 640: 639: 636: 635: 633: 632: 627: 622: 616: 613: 612: 594: 593: 587: 586: 574: 573: 571: 570: 563: 556: 548: 545: 544: 533: 532: 529: 528: 523: 522: 521: 511: 506: 504:Discrimination 500: 497: 496: 493: 492: 489: 488: 483: 478: 472: 469: 468: 465: 464: 461: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 423:Libertarianism 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 384: 381: 380: 377: 376: 373: 372: 371: 370: 365: 360: 352: 351: 350: 345: 335: 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 304: 301: 300: 297: 296: 293: 292: 287: 282: 277: 272: 271: 270: 260: 258:Discrimination 255: 250: 245: 239: 236: 235: 232: 231: 228: 227: 222: 221: 220: 210: 205: 204: 203: 193: 192: 191: 181: 176: 171: 170: 169: 164: 154: 148: 145: 144: 141: 140: 137: 136: 135: 134: 129: 121: 116: 111: 110: 109: 104: 99: 89: 83: 80: 79: 76: 75: 53: 52: 44: 43: 35: 34: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9828: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9786:Honor killing 9784: 9782: 9779: 9778: 9776: 9761: 9760: 9751: 9749: 9748: 9737: 9736: 9733: 9717: 9714: 9713: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9668: 9666: 9664: 9660: 9654: 9651: 9649: 9648:Transmisogyny 9646: 9644: 9641: 9639: 9636: 9634: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9617: 9614: 9613: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9568: 9566: 9562: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9534: 9531: 9530: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9517: 9514: 9513: 9512: 9509: 9507: 9504: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9484: 9482: 9479: 9478: 9476: 9474: 9470: 9466: 9460: 9457: 9454: 9452: 9449: 9448: 9445: 9441: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9421: 9418: 9416: 9413: 9411: 9408: 9406: 9403: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9391: 9388: 9386: 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9347: 9344: 9339: 9334: 9330: 9314: 9311: 9309: 9306: 9305: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9291: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9275: 9273: 9271: 9267: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9216: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9203: 9200: 9199: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9176: 9173: 9172: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9152: 9150: 9146: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9111: 9109: 9107: 9103: 9099: 9093: 9090: 9089: 9086: 9082: 9068: 9065: 9063: 9062:Rainbow Night 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9042: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9032: 9030: 9028: 9024: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8982: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8935:Cadet scandal 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8925: 8921: 8919: 8916: 8915: 8913: 8911: 8907: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8891: 8888: 8887: 8885: 8883: 8878: 8872: 8869: 8867: 8864: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8851:Ancient Egypt 8849: 8847: 8844: 8843: 8841: 8837: 8831: 8830: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8780: 8778: 8776: 8775:LGBTQ history 8772: 8768: 8764: 8759: 8755: 8741: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8721:Straight ally 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8681: 8680: 8676: 8674: 8673: 8669: 8668: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8651:Hermaphrodite 8649: 8647: 8644: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8616:Gender binary 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8568: 8566: 8562: 8552: 8548: 8545: 8543: 8540: 8538: 8535: 8533: 8530: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8498: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8466: 8465:Demisexuality 8463: 8461: 8458: 8457: 8456: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8447: 8444: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8424: 8422: 8420: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8407: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8323: 8321: 8319: 8315: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8287: 8284: 8283: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8265: 8262: 8261: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8224:Gender bender 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8206: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8194: 8190: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8170: 8167: 8163: 8149: 8146: 8142: 8139: 8138: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8119: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8079: 8078: 8076: 8074: 8070: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8058:Pink triangle 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8035: 8033: 8031: 8027: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7960: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7943:Organizations 7941: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7918: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7880: 7877: 7876: 7875: 7872: 7868: 7865: 7863: 7860: 7859: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7822: 7820: 7816: 7813: 7812: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7802: 7799: 7795: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7780: 7777: 7773: 7763: 7762:Transfeminism 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7752:Queer studies 7750: 7748: 7745: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7727: 7726: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7702: 7699: 7693: 7690: 7688: 7685: 7684: 7681: 7677: 7673: 7669: 7665: 7661: 7657: 7653: 7649: 7642: 7637: 7635: 7630: 7628: 7623: 7622: 7619: 7613: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7594: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7580: 7577: 7576: 7558: 7553: 7541: 7537: 7532: 7517: 7513: 7502: 7496: 7492: 7491: 7485: 7481: 7477: 7473: 7469: 7465: 7460: 7448: 7444: 7440: 7429: 7425: 7421: 7417: 7413: 7408: 7407: 7387: 7383: 7379: 7372: 7356: 7352: 7348: 7341: 7339: 7322: 7318: 7314: 7307: 7305: 7288: 7284: 7280: 7273: 7257: 7253: 7249: 7242: 7226: 7222: 7218: 7211: 7195: 7191: 7187: 7180: 7172: 7168: 7164: 7160: 7156: 7152: 7151: 7143: 7141: 7125: 7121: 7114: 7098: 7094: 7093: 7088: 7081: 7065: 7061: 7060: 7055: 7049: 7042: 7029: 7025: 7021: 7017: 7013: 7009: 7005: 7001: 6994: 6978: 6974: 6970: 6966: 6959: 6957: 6940: 6939: 6934: 6928: 6912: 6908: 6902: 6887: 6883: 6879: 6872: 6857: 6853: 6849: 6842: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6812: 6796: 6792: 6788: 6781: 6766: 6762: 6758: 6752: 6736: 6732: 6728: 6722: 6707: 6703: 6697: 6681: 6677: 6673: 6667: 6652: 6648: 6644: 6638: 6622: 6618: 6614: 6607: 6591: 6587: 6583: 6577: 6561: 6557: 6556:Gay Star News 6553: 6546: 6530: 6526: 6522: 6515: 6499: 6495: 6489: 6473: 6469: 6468: 6463: 6456: 6440: 6436: 6432: 6425: 6409: 6405: 6401: 6394: 6378: 6374: 6368: 6352: 6348: 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3921: 3917: 3910: 3908: 3899: 3898: 3890: 3874: 3867: 3861: 3846: 3842: 3836: 3834: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3804: 3790:on 2019-01-27 3789: 3785: 3781: 3775: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3732: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3703: 3695: 3688: 3674:on 2021-03-08 3673: 3669: 3665: 3658: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3635: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3605: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3575: 3560: 3556: 3550: 3546: 3545: 3537: 3535: 3519: 3515: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3500: 3493: 3491: 3483: 3472: 3468: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3453: 3445: 3443: 3434: 3430: 3423: 3421: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3383: 3375: 3360: 3356: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3341: 3333: 3331: 3315: 3311: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3296: 3288: 3286: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3227: 3212: 3208: 3201: 3197: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3173: 3163: 3162:Islan Nettles 3160: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3118: 3114: 3113: 3111: 3101: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3086: 3082: 3079:In 1995, the 3077: 3073: 3064: 3062: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3047: 3044: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3017: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3000: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2986: 2982: 2977: 2975: 2974:Steve Sisolak 2972: 2968: 2964: 2959: 2957: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2941: 2939: 2935: 2930: 2927:In 2019, the 2925: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2910: 2908: 2904: 2899: 2896: 2892: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2856: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2841: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2829: 2828: 2825: 2822: 2819: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2793: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2765: 2764: 2761: 2759:HD2275/SD1183 2758: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2739: 2736: 2733: 2732: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2700: 2697: 2694: 2691: 2688: 2685: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2672: 2669: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2624: 2621: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2574:Pennsylvania 2573: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2499: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2473: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2460: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2411: 2407: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2340: 2338:H7066aa/S3014 2337: 2334: 2331: 2329:Rhode Island 2328: 2327: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2299: 2296: 2295: 2291: 2288: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2262: 2258: 2255:In 2006, the 2249: 2240: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2218:United States 2215: 2213: 2212: 2206: 2202: 2192: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2173:Massachusetts 2164: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2149: 2146: 2141: 2132: 2128: 2125: 2120: 2116: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2075: 2070: 2060:Jurisdictions 2057: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2015: 2011: 2006: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1983: 1973: 1971: 1960: 1958: 1954: 1949: 1947: 1942: 1938: 1929: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1874: 1869: 1867: 1862: 1860: 1855: 1854: 1852: 1851: 1848: 1836: 1826: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1813: 1811: 1810: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1754: 1748: 1747: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1718: 1717:United States 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1681: 1678: 1677: 1676: 1673: 1669: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1658: 1657: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1633: 1632: 1631:United States 1629: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1608: 1605: 1604: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1593: 1590: 1589: 1588:South Africa 1587: 1585: 1582: 1578: 1575: 1574: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1524: 1522: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1504: 1503: 1500: 1496: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1443: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1436: 1430: 1425: 1424: 1417: 1416:Transmisogyny 1414: 1412: 1409: 1405: 1402: 1401: 1400: 1399:Transfeminism 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1384:Postgenderism 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1360: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1348: 1346: 1345:Gender binary 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1306: 1305: 1299: 1298: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1233: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1192: 1190: 1181: 1180: 1173: 1170: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1139: 1138:Transmisogyny 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1120: 1119: 1116: 1112: 1098: 1097: 1096: 1093: 1092: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1075: 1073: 1070: 1066: 1065:United States 1063: 1061: 1058: 1057: 1056: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1032:Organizations 1030: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1007: 1006: 1003: 997: 996: 986: 982: 981: 980: 977: 974: 973:Voice therapy 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 957: 953: 952: 947: 943: 940: 936: 931: 927: 924: 920: 919: 917: 913: 912: 907: 903: 899: 898:masculinizing 896: 894: 891: 890: 888: 884: 883: 878: 874: 869: 865: 864: 862: 858: 855: 854:Gender clinic 851: 850: 846: 841: 840: 833: 830: 826: 825: 821: 819: 816: 815: 814: 811: 807: 806: 802: 800: 799: 795: 793: 790: 789: 788: 785: 783: 780: 776: 773: 771: 770: 766: 764: 761: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 746: 744: 741: 739: 738: 734: 732: 729: 726: 725: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 709: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 697: 693: 689: 686: 685: 684: 681: 679: 676: 674: 673:Gender bender 671: 669: 666: 664: 663: 659: 657: 656: 652: 650: 647: 646: 643: 638: 637: 631: 628: 626: 623: 621: 618: 617: 615: 614: 596: 595: 592: 589: 588: 584: 580: 579: 569: 564: 562: 557: 555: 550: 549: 547: 546: 543: 539: 535: 534: 527: 524: 520: 517: 516: 515: 512: 510: 509:Freedom Index 507: 505: 502: 501: 495: 494: 487: 484: 482: 479: 477: 474: 473: 467: 466: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 448:Transfeminism 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 385: 379: 378: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 355: 353: 349: 348:United States 346: 344: 341: 340: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 305: 302:Organizations 299: 298: 291: 288: 286: 283: 281: 278: 276: 273: 269: 266: 265: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 240: 234: 233: 226: 223: 219: 216: 215: 214: 211: 209: 206: 202: 199: 198: 197: 194: 190: 187: 186: 185: 184:Organizations 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 168: 165: 163: 160: 159: 158: 155: 153: 150: 149: 143: 142: 133: 130: 128: 125: 124: 122: 120: 117: 115: 112: 108: 107:United States 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 94: 93: 90: 88: 85: 84: 78: 77: 74: 70: 66: 62: 58: 55: 54: 50: 46: 45: 42: 37: 36: 32: 28: 27: 22: 9757: 9738: 9638:Riddle scale 9606:Heterosexism 9545:Queerbaiting 9505: 9400:Neuroscience 9390:Kinsey scale 9365:Demographics 9057:Rainbow wave 9039: 9027:21st century 8979: 8922: 8910:20th century 8882:19th century 8866:Ancient Rome 8827: 8677: 8670: 8636:Gender roles 8576:Detransition 8549: / 8450:Aromanticism 7968:Pride parade 7896:Gay-friendly 7757:Queer theory 7593:The Advocate 7592: 7561:. Retrieved 7544:. Retrieved 7540:the original 7523:. Retrieved 7506:February 15, 7504:. Retrieved 7489: 7471: 7467: 7451:. Retrieved 7447:the original 7431:. Retrieved 7419: 7415: 7390:. Retrieved 7381: 7371: 7359:. Retrieved 7350: 7325:. Retrieved 7316: 7291:. Retrieved 7282: 7272: 7260:. Retrieved 7251: 7241: 7229:. Retrieved 7220: 7210: 7198:. Retrieved 7189: 7179: 7154: 7148: 7127:. Retrieved 7123: 7113: 7101:. Retrieved 7092:The Guardian 7090: 7080: 7068:. Retrieved 7057: 7048: 7039: 7032:. Retrieved 7010:(1): 24–34. 7007: 7003: 6993: 6981:. Retrieved 6972: 6968: 6943:. Retrieved 6938:LGBTQ Nation 6936: 6927: 6915:. Retrieved 6901: 6890:. Retrieved 6881: 6871: 6860:. Retrieved 6851: 6841: 6831:December 20, 6829:. Retrieved 6820: 6811: 6799:. Retrieved 6790: 6780: 6769:. Retrieved 6760: 6751: 6739:. Retrieved 6730: 6721: 6710:. Retrieved 6696: 6684:. Retrieved 6676:The Advocate 6666: 6655:. Retrieved 6646: 6637: 6627:November 21, 6625:. 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