40:
494:
519:. In their political opinion, the spirit of Irish Home Rule and later Irish nationalism was contrary to the spirit of science. Stoney resigned from his job as Secretary of Queen's University of Ireland in 1882 in objection to a government decision to introduce "sectarianism" into the system; i.e., Stoney wanted to keep the system non-denominational, but the government acceded to Irish Catholic demands for Catholic institutions.
363:
the author of papers on "The
Propagation of Waves", "On the Rings seen in Fibrous Specimens of Calc Spar", and Molecular Physics, published in the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, et cetera, Distinguished for his acquaintance with the science of Astronomy & General
334:
in a cubic millimetre of gas, at room temperature and pressure, from data obtained from the kinetic theory of gases. Stoney's most important scientific work was the conception and calculation of the magnitude of the "atom of electricity". In 1891, he proposed the term
432:
made a notable attempt to construct a unified theory by associating a gravitational unit of charge with the Stoney length. Weyl's theory led to significant mathematical innovations but his theory is generally thought to lack physical significance.
329:
Stoney published seventy-five scientific papers in a variety of journals, but chiefly in the journals of the Royal Dublin
Society. He made significant contributions to cosmic physics and to the theory of gases. He estimated the number of
317:, a scientific society modelled after the Royal Society of London, and after his move to London Stoney served on the council of that society too. Additionally, he intermittently served on scientific review committees of the
770:
313:, London. Stoney continued his independent scientific research throughout his decades of non-scientific employment duties in Dublin. He also served for decades as honorary secretary and then vice-president of the
792:
579:
305:. In the early 1880s, he moved to the post of superintendent of Civil Service Examinations in Ireland, a post he held until his retirement in 1893. In that year, he took up residence in
339:" to describe the fundamental unit of electrical charge, and his contributions to research in this area laid the foundations for the eventual discovery of the particle by
380:
Stoney proposed the first system of natural units in 1881. He realized that a fixed amount of charge was transferred per chemical bond affected during electrolysis, the
515:
Stoney and FitzGerald were in regular communication on scientific matters. In addition, on political matters, both Stoney and FitzGerald were active opponents of the
1102:
401:, a complete system of units could be derived. He showed how to derive units of mass, length, time and electric charge as base units. Due to the form in which
441:
Stoney married his cousin, Margaret Sophia Stoney, by whom he had had two sons and three daughters. For most of his decades in Dublin, Stoney resided in the
445:
neighbourhood. The street that he lived on was later renamed Stoney Road in his memory. After Stoney died in London, his cremated ashes were buried in
318:
426:
Like Stoney, Planck independently derived a system of natural units (of similar scale) some decades after him, using different constants of nature.
250:
He initially named it "electrolion" in 1881, and later named it βelectronβ in 1891. He published around 75 scientific papers during his lifetime.
589:
467:
is considered to be the first woman medical physicist. Stoney's most scientifically notable relative was his nephew, the Dublin-based physicist
1087:
270:, the son of George Stoney (1792β) and Anne Blood (1801β1883). The Stoney family is an old-established Anglo-Irish family. He attended
1077:
1072:
189:
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611:
546:
279:
961:
947:
707:
655:
395:
298:
911:
39:
523:
878:
662:
387:, which could serve as a unit of charge, and that combined with other known universal constants, namely the
698:
James G O'Hara (2003). "George
Johnstone Stoney, 1826β1911". In McCartney, Mark; Whitaker, Andrew (eds.).
843:
453:
358:
233:
184:
29:
1082:
468:
294:
173:
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283:
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at Birr Castle, County Offaly, where
Parsons had built the world's largest telescope, the 72-inch
748:
530:
351:
271:
110:
863:
534:
1067:
1062:
1034:
826:
509:
446:
314:
217:
971:
O'Hara, J. G. (1975). "George
Johnstone Stoney, F.R.S., and the Concept of the Electron".
8:
631:
475:
420:
259:
168:
69:
1038:
830:
996:
988:
502:
286:. Simultaneously Stoney continued to study physics and mathematics and was awarded an
1000:
957:
943:
868:, Einstein Studies in Russia, Ed Balashov Y. and Vizgin V., Boston (Birkhaeuser) 2002
796:
703:
651:
505:
464:
381:
154:
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402:
275:
114:
951:
859:
457:
442:
158:
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388:
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118:
1056:
584:
340:
263:
73:
984:
556:
551:
429:
375:
310:
135:
94:
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degree in 1848. From 1848 to 1852 he worked as an astronomy assistant to
481:
He was second cousin of the grandfather of Ethel Sara Turing, mother of
729:
683:
643:
992:
347:
238:
336:
331:
243:
130:
207:
306:
302:
98:
749:"Obituary Notice from Proceedings of the Royal Society (1912)"
497:
Stoney pictured with his daughters Edith (left) and
Florence.
648:
Concepts of Force β A Study of the
Foundations of Dynamics
460:
346:
His scientific work was carried out in his spare time. A
297:. From 1857 to 1882, he was employed as Secretary of the
865:
Hermann Weyl and Large
Numbers in Relativistic Cosmology
817:
John D. Barrow (1983). "Natural Units before Planck".
771:"Heliostat, contrived by the late G. Johnstone Stoney"
293:
From 1852 to 1857, Stoney was professor of physics at
1025:
Barrow, J. D. (1983). "Natural Units Before Planck".
940:
The
Infancy of Atomic Physics. Hercules in His Cradle
1027:
Quarterly
Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society
819:
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society
722:
672:
670:
247:as the "fundamental unit quantity of electricity".
697:
319:British Association for the Advancement of Science
900:. No. 36783. London. 2 June 1902. p. 9.
1054:
973:Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London
667:
816:
309:, England. Stoney died in 1911 at his home in
237:(15 February 1826 β 5 July 1911) was an Irish
1103:Members of the American Philosophical Society
241:. He is most famous for introducing the term
700:Physicists of Ireland: Passion and Precision
1010:"Of the "Electron", or Atom of Electricity"
725:"Of the "Electron," or Atom of Electricity"
687:Vol. 5, no. 11. pp. 381β390.
522:In 1902, he was elected as a member to the
452:One of Stoney's sons, George Gerald Stoney
253:
970:
942:, by Alex Keller. Oxford University 1983.
574:
572:
38:
492:
569:
1055:
1024:
1007:
691:
676:
642:
1088:Academics of the University of Galway
650:. New York: Dover Publications, Inc.
612:"The man who 'invented' the electron"
463:was a radiologist while his daughter
258:Stoney was born at Oakley Park, near
324:
580:"George Johnstone Stoney 1826β1911"
547:Basic concepts of quantum mechanics
361:in June 1861 on the basis of being
290:by Trinity College Dublin in 1852.
13:
280:William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse
14:
1119:
679:"On the Physical Units of Nature"
396:Newtonian constant of gravitation
301:, an administrative job based in
1078:Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
456:, was a scientist. His daughter
1073:People from Birr, County Offaly
933:
904:
889:
871:
853:
837:
810:
793:"Library and Archive catalogue"
785:
702:. IOP Publishing. p. 126.
369:
763:
741:
716:
636:
625:
604:
524:American Philosophical Society
1:
1108:Scientists from County Offaly
1049:, Jonathan Cape, London 2002.
1045:"The Constants of Nature, by
632:Stoney Uses the Term Electron
588:. 6 July 1911. Archived from
562:
474:His brother was the engineer
405:was expressed, the constant 4
350:designed by Stoney is in the
299:Queen's University of Ireland
45:
1093:Fellows of the Royal Society
723:G. Johnstone Stoney (1894).
7:
1098:People from Dundrum, Dublin
896:"University intelligence".
850:, Princeton Uni Press, 1997
848:The Dawning of Gauge Theory
540:
359:Fellow of the Royal Society
16:Irish physicist (1826β1911)
10:
1124:
373:
956:. Dover. 9 October 2013.
537:are named in his honour.
488:
469:George Francis FitzGerald
436:
412:was implicitly included,
321:from the early 1860s on.
223:
213:
203:
196:
180:
174:George Francis FitzGerald
164:
149:
141:
125:
106:
83:
78:(now Birr, County Offaly)
55:
37:
23:
517:Irish Home Rule Movement
284:Leviathan of Parsonstown
254:Education and employment
230:George Johnstone Stoney
25:George Johnstone Stoney
1014:Philosophical Magazine
1008:Stoney, G. J. (1894).
985:10.1098/rsnr.1975.0018
879:"Stoney, G. Johnstone"
773:. Science Museum Group
677:Stoney, G. J. (1881).
498:
295:Queen's College Galway
272:Trinity College Dublin
218:Queen's College Galway
145:Margaret Sophia Stoney
111:Trinity College Dublin
496:
357:Stoney was elected a
916:search.amphilsoc.org
912:"APS Member History"
510:University of Dublin
506:Doctorate of Science
352:Science Museum Group
315:Royal Dublin Society
274:, graduating with a
1039:1983QJRAS..24...24B
831:1983QJRAS..24...24B
751:. The Royal Society
501:Stoney received an
476:Bindon Blood Stoney
421:vacuum permittivity
169:Bindon Blood Stoney
499:
129:Coining the term '
844:O'Raifeartaigh L.
797:The Royal Society
508:(D.Sc.) from the
447:St. Nahi's Church
382:elementary charge
325:Scientific output
227:
226:
198:Scientific career
1115:
1083:Irish physicists
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1021:
1004:
967:
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66:15 February 1826
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21:
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592:on 12 July 2015
578:
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491:
458:Florence Stoney
443:Dundrum, Dublin
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107:Alma mater
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26:
17:
12:
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5:
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1080:
1075:
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1051:
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1047:John D. Barrow
1043:
1022:
1005:
979:(2): 265β276.
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809:
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512:in June 1902.
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389:speed of light
374:Main article:
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268:Irish Midlands
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126:Known for
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91:(aged 85)
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978:
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963:9780486149950
959:
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954:
949:
948:0-19-853904-5
945:
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938:
937:
917:
913:
907:
899:
892:
885:: 1936. 1911.
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709:0-7503-0866-4
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673:
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664:
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657:0-486-40689-X
653:
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585:Daily Express
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471:(1851β1901).
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427:
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415:
408:
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403:Coulomb's law
400:
397:
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367:
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360:
355:
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349:
344:
342:
341:J. J. Thomson
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264:County Offaly
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153:5, including
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74:King's County
71:
58:
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41:
36:
31:
22:
19:
1030:
1026:
1017:
1016:. Series 5.
1013:
976:
972:
953:2013 reprint
952:
939:
934:Bibliography
919:. Retrieved
915:
906:
897:
891:
882:
873:
864:
855:
847:
839:
822:
818:
812:
800:. Retrieved
787:
775:. Retrieved
765:
753:. Retrieved
743:
734:
728:
718:
699:
693:
682:
663:1999 reprint
647:
638:
627:
615:. Retrieved
606:
594:. Retrieved
590:the original
583:
557:Stoney units
552:Planck units
528:
521:
514:
500:
480:
473:
451:
449:in Dundrum.
440:
430:Hermann Weyl
428:
425:
413:
406:
398:
391:
384:
379:
376:Stoney units
370:Stoney units
362:
356:
354:collection.
345:
328:
311:Notting Hill
292:
257:
249:
242:
229:
228:
214:Institutions
197:
136:Stoney units
95:Notting Hill
89:(1911-07-05)
49: 1890s
18:
1068:1911 deaths
1063:1826 births
755:21 December
644:Jammer, Max
617:21 December
529:Craters on
483:Alan Turing
190:Boyle Medal
87:5 July 1911
70:Parsonstown
1057:Categories
1020:: 418β420.
860:Gorelik G.
802:22 October
795:. London:
777:14 October
737:: 418β420.
730:Phil. Mag.
684:Phil. Mag.
596:22 October
563:References
419:being the
62:1826-02-15
1001:145353314
898:The Times
883:Who's Who
825:: 24β26.
348:heliostat
343:in 1897.
332:molecules
266:, in the
239:physicist
171:(brother)
165:Relatives
101:, England
76:, Ireland
646:(1956).
541:See also
533:and the
503:honorary
394:and the
337:electron
244:electron
176:(nephew)
159:Florence
150:Children
131:electron
44:Stoney,
1035:Bibcode
827:Bibcode
364:Physics
208:Physics
1033:: 24.
999:
993:531468
991:
960:
946:
921:19 May
706:
654:
489:Legacy
437:Family
307:London
303:Dublin
204:Fields
192:(1899)
187:(1861)
181:Awards
142:Spouse
99:London
997:S2CID
989:JSTOR
465:Edith
155:Edith
958:ISBN
944:ISBN
923:2021
804:2010
779:2022
757:2016
704:ISBN
652:ISBN
619:2016
598:2015
535:Moon
531:Mars
288:M.A.
276:B.A.
260:Birr
157:and
84:Died
56:Born
981:doi
733:5.
461:OBE
454:FRS
234:FRS
185:FRS
30:FRS
1059::
1031:24
1029:.
1018:38
1012:.
995:.
987:.
977:29
975:.
914:.
881:.
862:,
846:,
823:24
821:.
735:38
727:.
681:.
669:^
582:.
571:^
526:.
485:.
478:.
423:.
407:ΟΞ΅
366:.
262:,
119:MA
117:,
115:BA
97:,
72:,
46:c.
1041:.
1037::
1003:.
983::
966:.
925:.
833:.
829::
806:.
781:.
759:.
712:.
660:.
621:.
600:.
417:0
414:Ξ΅
410:0
399:G
392:c
385:e
335:"
133:'
121:)
113:(
64:)
60:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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