274:, his father was worried about his inexperience and sent one of his subordinates to advise him, but the officer returned only a month later, saying Shu did not need help. His capability was recognized by his superior, the Governor of Tianshui, who made him the head of four more counties. His ability to maintain order earned him a reputation throughout the commandery.
396:
and Zang Gong reached
Chengdu with only a week's supplies left. They were on the verge of accepting failure and withdrawing, when Gongsun Shu personally led an attack on the Han forces on 24 December. Wounded in the battle, he died in the night, and the defenders of Chengdu under general Yan Cen
391:
ordered an army to conquer
Chengjia. When the Han forces entered Sichuan, Guangwu offered Gongsun Shu terms of surrender, which Gongsun refused. The campaign was slow and difficult and lasted more than a year. In December 36, Han forces under generals
336:, an economically prosperous region that allowed Gongsun Shu to build and supply a large military force. In 26, Gongsun Shu sent general Hou Dan to conquer the region of
199:
was developed into an imperial capital. But
Gongsun adopted a defensive military posture that kept his influence confined within Sichuan while
400:
After entering
Chengdu, Wu Han ordered the massacre of Gongsun Shu's wife, children, and other relatives, as well as Yan Cen and his family.
596:
211:. In 36, Gongsun was mortally wounded in battle against an Eastern Han invasion force, and Chengjia capitulated on the following day.
285:, in about 15 AD he appointed Gongsun Shu the Governor of Daojiang (導江, the former Shu Commandery of Han), with its capital at
601:
528:
492:
460:
195:. Under his administration, the Sichuan region experienced a period of peace and economic prosperity, and the city of
586:
236:
152:
50:
311:
As the Xin dynasty was facing a large number of rebellions, Gongsun proclaimed himself to be the King of Shu (
571:
64:
606:
581:
552:
388:
200:
482:
450:
591:
393:
259:). His father's high position entitled Shu to entry into officialdom as a gentleman cadet.
332:
to oversee the administration of his new empire. He controlled the entirety of the former
8:
271:
204:
168:
576:
548:
524:
488:
456:
446:
345:
263:
248:
208:
130:
122:
484:
The
Cambridge History of China: Volume 1, The Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 BC – AD 220
322:
252:
183:. Through a series of political and military maneuvers, Gongsun secured control of
87:
514:
294:
267:
26:
372:
108:
565:
164:
364:
94:
22:
333:
329:
328:
As ruler of
Chengjia, Gongsun Shu built an imperial palace and created a
282:
228:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
523:] (in Chinese). Shanghai People's Publishing House. pp. 732–3.
452:
A Biographical
Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23–220 AD)
409:
179:
when the Xin regime fell in 23, amid rebellions aimed at restoring the
317:) and in 25 asserted independence by adopting the title of Emperor of
278:
244:
231:
dynasty; his precise year of birth is unknown. His courtesy name was
220:
337:
318:
306:
286:
224:
192:
191:. In the following year, he assumed imperial title and founded the
160:
368:
341:
290:
256:
196:
31:
243:). His father, Gongsun Ren, served as an imperial clerk in the
481:
Twitchett, Denis; Fairbank, John King; Loewe, Michael (1978).
159:, died 24 December 36 AD) was the founder and only emperor of
376:
397:
surrendered the following day, marking the end of
Chengjia.
480:
551:. "隗囂公孫述列傳 (Biographies of Wei Ao and Gongsun Shu)".
127:
113:
99:
293:. Gongsun held the position until the forces of the
219:Gongsun Shu was born into a family of officials in
563:
441:
439:
437:
435:
433:
431:
429:
427:
425:
487:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 254–6.
358:
352:
312:
69:
55:
445:
422:
175:dynasties, Gongsun was the Administrator of
167:from 25 to 36. A successful official of the
351:In 33 Gongsun Shu sent generals Tian Rong (
281:usurped the Han throne and established the
508:
506:
504:
300:
214:
564:
501:
476:
474:
472:
251:, and was later appointed Governor of
129:
187:and in 24 proclaimed himself king of
297:overthrew the Xin dynasty in 23 AD.
597:Political office-holders in Sichuan
512:
469:
13:
547:
541:
325:of Longxing (龍興, "Dragon Rising).
163:, a state that controlled China's
14:
618:
262:When Gongsun Shu was appointed
240:
156:
128:
114:
100:
70:
56:
1:
415:
340:north of Sichuan in southern
602:1st-century Chinese monarchs
7:
455:. BRILL. pp. 268–270.
403:
10:
623:
304:
205:revived Eastern Han regime
20:
379:but did not advance far.
359:
353:
313:
142:
121:
107:
93:
86:
81:
77:
63:
49:
45:
40:
16:Chinese warlord (died 36)
587:Politicians from Shaanxi
515:
382:
51:Traditional Chinese
65:Simplified Chinese
521:History of Qin and Han
513:Lin, Jianming (2003).
301:As Emperor of Chengjia
557:(in Chinese (China)).
215:Early life and career
572:Han dynasty warlords
321:while adopting the
272:Tianshui Commandery
177:Daojiang Commandery
447:de Crespigny, Rafe
223:(右扶風, present day
607:Founding monarchs
582:Emperors of China
554:Book of Later Han
530:978-7-208-04226-1
494:978-0-521-24327-8
462:978-90-474-1184-0
249:Emperor Ai of Han
209:North China Plain
146:
145:
138:
137:
88:Standard Mandarin
614:
558:
535:
534:
510:
499:
498:
478:
467:
466:
443:
362:
361:
356:
355:
316:
315:
253:Henan Commandery
247:in the court of
242:
171:and short-lived
158:
134:
133:
132:
117:
116:
103:
102:
79:
78:
73:
72:
59:
58:
38:
37:
622:
621:
617:
616:
615:
613:
612:
611:
562:
561:
544:
542:Further reading
539:
538:
531:
517:
511:
502:
495:
479:
470:
463:
444:
423:
418:
406:
389:Emperor Guangwu
385:
371:to conquer the
357:) and Yan Cen (
309:
303:
295:Gengshi Emperor
268:Qingshui County
217:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
620:
610:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
560:
559:
543:
540:
537:
536:
529:
500:
493:
468:
461:
420:
419:
417:
414:
413:
412:
405:
402:
384:
381:
373:Nan Commandery
305:Main article:
302:
299:
216:
213:
144:
143:
140:
139:
136:
135:
125:
119:
118:
111:
105:
104:
97:
91:
90:
84:
83:
82:Transcriptions
75:
74:
67:
61:
60:
53:
47:
46:
43:
42:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
619:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
569:
567:
556:
555:
550:
546:
545:
532:
526:
522:
518:
509:
507:
505:
496:
490:
486:
485:
477:
475:
473:
464:
458:
454:
453:
448:
442:
440:
438:
436:
434:
432:
430:
428:
426:
421:
411:
408:
407:
401:
398:
395:
390:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
308:
298:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
275:
273:
269:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
238:
234:
230:
227:) during the
226:
222:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:Cheng dynasty
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
165:Sichuan Basin
162:
154:
150:
141:
131:
126:
124:
120:
112:
110:
106:
98:
96:
92:
89:
85:
80:
76:
68:
66:
62:
54:
52:
48:
44:
39:
34:
33:
28:
24:
19:
553:
520:
483:
451:
399:
386:
365:Three Gorges
350:
327:
310:
276:
261:
232:
218:
207:secured the
148:
147:
115:Kung-sun Shu
95:Hanyu Pinyin
30:
23:Chinese name
18:
592:Xin dynasty
363:) down the
334:Yi Province
330:bureaucracy
283:Xin dynasty
229:Western Han
185:Yi Province
181:Han dynasty
169:Western Han
149:Gongsun Shu
101:Gōngsūn Shù
41:Gongsun Shu
27:family name
566:Categories
416:References
410:Baidicheng
375:in modern
344:along the
264:magistrate
109:Wade–Giles
577:36 deaths
346:Han River
279:Wang Mang
245:Censorate
221:Youfufeng
449:(2006).
404:See also
338:Hanzhong
323:era name
319:Chengjia
307:Chengjia
287:Linqiong
255:(modern
225:Xingping
161:Chengjia
21:In this
387:In 35,
369:Yangtze
367:of the
342:Shaanxi
291:Chengdu
289:, near
257:Luoyang
237:Chinese
201:Liu Xiu
197:Chengdu
153:Chinese
32:Gongsun
549:Fan Ye
527:
491:
459:
394:Wu Han
277:After
239::
233:Ziyang
155::
25:, the
519:[
383:Death
377:Hubei
525:ISBN
489:ISBN
457:ISBN
516:秦汉史
270:in
266:of
203:'s
189:Shu
173:Xin
157:公孫述
123:IPA
71:公孙述
57:公孫述
29:is
568::
503:^
471:^
424:^
360:延岑
354:田戎
348:.
314:蜀王
241:子陽
533:.
497:.
465:.
235:(
151:(
35:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.