469:; as highly cited papers appear in top positions they gain more citations while new papers hardly appear in top positions and therefore get less attention by the users of Google Scholar and hence fewer citations. Google Scholar effect is a phenomenon when some researchers pick and cite works appearing in the top results on Google Scholar regardless of their contribution to the citing publication because they automatically assume these works' credibility and believe that editors, reviewers, and readers expect to see these citations. Google Scholar has problems identifying publications on the
306:, books, and other documents, including selected Web pages that are deemed to be 'scholarly.'" Because many of Google Scholar's search results link to commercial journal articles, most people will be able to access only an abstract and the citation details of an article, and have to pay a fee to access the entire article. The most relevant results for the searched keywords will be listed first, in order of the author's ranking, the number of references that are linked to it and their relevance to other scholarly literature, and the ranking of the publication that the journal appears in.
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378:"Scholar Citations profiles" are public author profiles that are editable by authors themselves. Individuals, logging on through a Google account with a bona fide address usually linked to an academic institution, can now create their own page giving their fields of interest and citations. Google Scholar automatically calculates and displays the individual's total citation count,
278:
search separately and organize by tags. Via the "metrics" button, it reveals the top journals in a field of interest, and the articles generating these journal's impact can also be accessed. A metrics feature now supports viewing the impact of whole fields of science and academic journals. Google also included profiles for some posthumous academics, including
424:, as well as words included in a document's title. In searches by author or year, the first search results are often highly cited articles, as the number of citations is highly determinant, whereas in keyword searches the number of citations is probably the factor with the most weight, but other factors also participate.
441:. A study looking at the biomedical field found citation information in Google Scholar to be "sometimes inadequate, and less often updated". The coverage of Google Scholar may vary by discipline compared to other general databases. Google Scholar strives to include as many journals as possible, including
406:
Google
Scholar's legal database of US cases is extensive. Users can search and read published opinions of US state appellate and supreme court cases since 1950, US federal district, appellate, tax, and bankruptcy courts since 1923 and US Supreme Court cases since 1791. Google Scholar embeds clickable
314:
Using its "group of" feature, it shows the available links to journal articles. In the 2005 version, this feature provided a link to both subscription-access versions of an article and to free full-text versions of articles; for most of 2006, it provided links to only the publishers' versions. Since
419:
allow users to select one factor (e.g. relevance, citation counts, or publication date) to rank results, Google
Scholar ranks results with a combined ranking algorithm in a "way researchers do, weighing the full text of each article, the author, the publication in which the article appears, and how
277:
A major enhancement was rolled out in 2012, with the possibility for individual scholars to create personal "Scholar
Citations profiles". A feature introduced in November 2013 allows logged-in users to save search results into the "Google Scholar library", a personal collection which the user can
452:
evidence suggests Google
Scholar's coverage of the sciences and social sciences is competitive with other academic databases; as of 2017, Scholar's coverage of the arts and humanities has not been investigated empirically and Scholar's utility for disciplines in these fields remains ambiguous.
573:
is also called "academic search engine optimization" (ASEO) and defined as "the creation, publication, and modification of scholarly literature in a way that makes it easier for academic search engines to both crawl it and index it". ASEO has been adopted by several organizations, among them
461:
content available to Google
Scholar and Google's web search. However, a 2014 study estimates that Google Scholar can find almost 90% (approximately 100 million) of all scholarly documents on the Web written in English. Large-scale longitudinal studies have found between 40 and 60 percent of
214:, both of whom were then working on building Google's main web index. Their goal was to "make the world's problem solvers 10% more efficient" by allowing easier and more accurate access to scientific knowledge. This goal is reflected in the Google Scholar's advertising slogan "
186:
method estimated approximately 79â90% coverage of all articles published in
English with an estimate of 100 million. This estimate also determined how many online documents were available. Google Scholar has been criticized for not vetting journals and for including
432:
Some searchers found Google
Scholar to be of comparable quality and utility to subscription-based databases when looking at citations of articles in some specific journals. The reviews recognize that its "cited by" feature in particular poses serious competition to
473:
preprint server correctly. Interpunctuation characters in titles produce wrong search results, and authors are assigned to wrong papers, which leads to erroneous additional search results. Some search results are even given without any comprehensible reason.
445:, which may lack academic rigor. Specialists on predatory journals say that these kinds of journals "have polluted the global scientific record with pseudo-science" and "that Google Scholar dutifully and perhaps blindly includes in its central index."
1489:. In Birger Larsen and Jacqueline Leta, editors, Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics (ISSI'09), vol. 1, pp. 230â41, Rio de Janeiro, July 2009. International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics.
226:, and is a nod to the scholars who have contributed to their fields over the centuries, providing the foundation for new intellectual achievements. One of the sources for the texts in Google Scholar is the University of Michigan's print collection.
177:
Google
Scholar uses a web crawler, or web robot, to identify files for inclusion in the search results. For content to be indexed in Google Scholar, it must meet certain specified criteria. An earlier statistical estimate published in
397:
Through its "Related articles" feature, Google
Scholar presents a list of closely related articles, ranked primarily by how similar these articles are to the original result, but also taking into account the relevance of each paper.
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257:
removed
Scholar from the toolbars on its search pages, making it both less easily accessible and less discoverable for users not already aware of its existence. Around this period, sites with similar features such as
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that may be used to automate data retrieval. Use of web scrapers to obtain the contents of search results is also severely restricted by the implementation of CAPTCHAs. Google Scholar does not display or export
1055:
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were indexed within Google Scholar. These researchers concluded that citation counts from Google Scholar should be used with care, especially when used to calculate performance metrics such as the
319:, including all those posted on individual faculty web pages and other unstructured sources identified by similarity. On the other hand, Google Scholar does not allow to filter explicitly between
818:
501:, which is in itself a poor predictor of article quality. Google Scholar started computing an h-index in 2012 with the advent of individual Scholar pages. Several downstream packages like
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Kulkarni, A. V.; Aziz, B.; Shams, I.; Busse, J. W. (2009). "Comparisons of Citations in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for Articles Published in General Medical Journals".
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Google Scholar allows users to search for digital or physical copies of articles, whether online or in libraries. It indexes "full-text journal articles, technical reports, preprints,
2034:
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1915:
MartĂn-MartĂn, Alberto; Orduña-Malea, Enrique; AyllĂłn, Juan Manuel; Delgado LĂłpez-CĂłzar, Emilio (2014-10-30). "Does Google Scholar contain all highly cited documents (1950â2013)?".
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Through its "cited by" feature, Google Scholar provides access to abstracts of articles that have cited the article being viewed. It is this feature in particular that provides the
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249:. In 2007, Acharya announced that Google Scholar had started a program to digitize and host journal articles in agreement with their publishers, an effort separate from
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2320:"Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, Scopus, Dimensions, Web of Science, and OpenCitations' COCI: a multidisciplinary comparison of coverage via citations"
1824:
1435:
1079:"Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, Scopus, Dimensions, Web of Science, and OpenCitations' COCI: a multidisciplinary comparison of coverage via citations"
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citation links within the case and the How Cited tab allows lawyers to research prior case law and the subsequent citations to the court decision.
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1938:"Citation classics published in knowledge management journals. Part II: Studying research trends and discovering the Google Scholar Effect"
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1985:
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has been popular for many years. For several years, SEO has also been applied to academic search engines such as Google Scholar. SEO for
389:. According to Google, "three-quarters of Scholar search results pages ... show links to the authors' public profiles" as of August 2014.
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often the piece has been cited in other scholarly literature". Research has shown that Google Scholar puts high weight especially on
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Google Scholar puts high weight on citation counts in its ranking algorithm and therefore is being criticized for strengthening the
253:, whose scans of older journals do not include the metadata required for identifying specific articles in specific issues. In 2011,
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2624:
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Google Scholar does not publish a list of journals crawled or publishers included, and the frequency of its updates is uncertain.
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927:
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1855:"An evidence-based review of academic web search engines, 2014â2016: Implications for librarians' practice and research agenda"
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standard implemented by all major academic publishers to uniquely identify and refer to individual pieces of academic work.
367:. Google Scholar also provides links so that citations can be either copied in various formats or imported into user-chosen
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he University of Michigan's work with Google encompasses several activities and Google products (e.g., Google Scholar).
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Beel, J.; Gipp, B. (2009). "Google Scholar's ranking algorithm: The impact of citation counts (An empirical study)".
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Scholars have gained a range of features over time. In 2006, a citation importing feature was implemented supporting
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Rozear, Hannah (2009). "Where Google Scholar stands on art: an evaluation of content coverage in online databases".
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demonstrated that citation counts on Google Scholar can be manipulated and complete non-sense articles created with
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Scholarly Open Access â Did A Romanian Researcher Successfully Game Google Scholar to Raise his Citation Count?
1367:"SUNY Negotiates New, Modified Agreement with Elsevier - Libraries News Center University at Buffalo Libraries"
1259:"An academic who died over 70 years ago still has Google Scholar profile with verified email. How can this be?"
1139:
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MartĂn-MartĂn, Alberto; Thelwall, Mike; Orduna-Malea, Enrique; Delgado LĂłpez-CĂłzar, Emilio (January 1, 2021).
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United States v. Adobe Systems, Inc., Apple Inc., Google Inc., Intel Corporation, Intuit, Inc., and Pixar
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MartĂn-MartĂn, Alberto; Thelwall, Mike; OrdunaâMalea, Enrique; LĂłpezâCĂłzar, Emilio Delgado (2020-09-21).
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search were developed. Some of these are now defunct; in 2016, Microsoft launched a new competitor,
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1766:"Google Scholar citations and Google Web/URL citations: A multi-discipline exploratory analysis"
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1717:"Comparison of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar: Strengths and weaknesses"
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The University of Michigan Library and other libraries whose collections Google scanned for
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Jensenius, F., Htun, M., Samuels, D., Singer, D., Lawrence, A., & Chwe, M. (2018). "
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December 2006, it has provided links to both published versions and major open access
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journals have been included since mid-2007, when Elsevier began to make most of its
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Especially early on, some publishers did not allow Scholar to crawl their journals.
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143:
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Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function
2275:
Hall, Mark; MerÄun, Tanja; Risse, Thomas; Duchateau, Fabien (August 25â27, 2020).
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2009 Third International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science
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and Google Scholar retained copies of the scans and have used them to create the
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1631:"An Examination of Citation Counts in a New Scholarly Communication Environment"
1340:
815:"What Happened to Google's Effort to Scan Millions of University Library Books?"
343:, used by libraries to calculate the real costs and value of their collections.
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2020:
1521:
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586:, to optimize their articles' rankings in Google Scholar. ASEO has negatives.
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1569:"Received citations as a main SEO factor of Google Scholar results ranking"
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also use its data. The practicality of manipulating h-index calculators by
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2124:"Prestigious Science Journals Struggle to Reach Even Average Reliability"
462:
scientific articles are available in full text via Google Scholar links.
324:
320:
2074:"Academic search engine spam and google scholar's resilience against it"
1567:
Rovira, CristĂČfol; Guerrero-SolĂ©, Frederic; Codina, LluĂs (2018-06-18).
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2742:
2662:
2448:"Why and how should you optimize academic articles for search engines?"
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1773:
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
1715:
Falagas, M. E.; Pitsouni, E. I.; Malietzis, G. A.; Pappas, G. (2007).
1180:"International Journal of Internet Science â Google Scholar Citations"
26:
8446:
8289:
7370:
7225:
7160:
7155:
7037:
6819:
6728:
6469:
6382:
6288:
6213:
5533:
5344:
5285:
4677:
4630:
4530:
4044:
3977:
3934:
3886:
2862:
2857:
2667:
2239:
2207:
Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble RR-LIG-2008 (technical report)
522:
386:
328:
2284:
International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries
865:
840:
8519:
8514:
8441:
8231:
7734:
7660:
7010:
6941:
6926:
6916:
6906:
6896:
6886:
6854:
6849:
6713:
6495:
6069:
6044:
5986:
5973:
5961:
5588:
5400:
5209:
5040:
4655:
4598:
4545:
4503:
4417:
4346:
4334:
4278:
4188:
3876:
3851:
3835:
3752:
3660:
3390:
2825:
729:
579:
575:
454:
356:
259:
234:
179:
155:
134:
across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. Released in
127:
2557:
1986:"Google Scholar's Ghost Authors, Lost Authors, and Other Problems"
1921:
1052:"20 Services Google Thinks Are More Important Than Google Scholar"
210:
Google Scholar arose out of a discussion between Alex Verstak and
8456:
8420:
8367:
7999:
7402:
Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.
7199:
7190:
7047:
7015:
6946:
6936:
6921:
6911:
6901:
6891:
6881:
6876:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6824:
6396:
6062:
5862:
5846:
5746:
5579:
5330:
5031:
4742:
4439:
4241:
4120:
4029:
3952:
3869:
3113:
2877:
2803:
494:
379:
242:
2423:"Get found â optimize your research articles for search engines"
2200:"Ike Antkare one of the great stars in the scientific firmament"
898:"An interview with Anurag Acharya, Google Scholar lead engineer"
557:
8504:
8267:
8257:
7969:
7075:
6756:
6740:
6451:
6202:
6050:
5560:
5202:
4928:
4808:
4567:
4324:
4284:
4269:
4257:
4180:
4163:
4137:
4039:
3942:
3845:
3167:
2719:
2593:
1628:
1021:"Changes at Google Scholar: A Conversation With Anurag Acharya"
534:
521:-produced documents citing each other (effectively an academic
518:
490:
434:
372:
360:
336:
263:
254:
246:
238:
171:
147:
61:
2545:
1714:
715:(7501), 405 â discussing Madian Khabsa and C Lee Giles (2014)
618:
72:
8575:
8236:
6620:
5836:
5323:
5292:
5278:
5215:
4687:
4246:
3270:
780:"UM Library/Google Digitization Partnership FAQ, August 2005"
470:
7364:
Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.
2007:
PĂ©ter JacsĂł (2010). "Metadata mega mess in Google Scholar".
1487:
Google Scholar's Ranking Algorithm: An Introductory Overview
509:
Google Scholar was demonstrated in 2010 by Cyril Labbe from
8284:
7994:
7989:
6476:
5808:
4962:
4827:
4822:
4697:
4014:
4009:
3918:
747:"Many Academics Are Eager to Publish in Worthless Journals"
4817:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4779:
2562:
1566:
291:
2274:
2071:
1763:
1679:
1682:
JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
533:
could. Unlike other indexes of academic work such as
1935:
1629:
Bauer, Kathleen; Bakkalbasi, Nisa (September 2005).
930:. INDOlink. Archived from the original on 2011-06-08
138:
in November 2004, the Google Scholar index includes
1049:
718:
The Number of Scholarly Documents on the Public Web
2035:"On the Robustness of Google Scholar against Spam"
925:
309:
565:(SEO) for traditional web search engines such as
8671:
2473:"Academic SEO â Market (And Publish) or Perish"
1891:
1449:
1134:
1132:
1130:
955:
928:"Anurag Acharya Helped Google's Scholarly Leap"
812:
785:. University of Michigan Library. August 2005.
701:
699:
7548:Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja GonzĂĄlez
1458:"How to Use Google Scholar for Legal Research"
1018:
895:
525:). As of 2010, Google Scholar was not able to
346:
297:
218:", which was taken from an idea attributed to
8114:
7301:
2578:
2374:Beel, Jöran; Gipp, Bela; Wilde, Erik (2010).
2373:
2044:
1299:
1297:
601:List of academic databases and search engines
558:Search engine optimization for Google Scholar
513:, who managed to rank "Ike Antkare" ahead of
2376:"Academic Search Engine Optimization (ASEO)"
2197:
1983:
1825:"Google Scholar is Filled with Junk Science"
1364:
1127:
841:"Science in the web age: Start your engines"
696:
427:
331:and the tools which embed its data, such as
166:, and other scholarly literature, including
7833:Googled: The End of the World as We Know It
2527:The Benefits and Pitfalls of Google Scholar
2115:
2006:
1481:
1479:
774:
772:
8121:
8107:
7446:Viacom International Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.
7308:
7294:
2585:
2571:
2550:
2072:Beel, Joeran; Gipp, Bela (December 2010).
1335:
1333:
1310:Journal of the Medical Library Association
1294:
7946:Where on Google Earth is Carmen Sandiego?
2347:
2337:
2149:
2139:
2092:
1920:
1870:
1732:
1646:
1594:
1584:
1397:
1395:
1321:
1169:". Google Scholar Blog, November 19, 2013
1110:
864:
401:
1506:
1476:
1455:
769:
8695:Internet properties established in 2004
8128:
3607:Next Lab and Audience Development Group
2240:"Is Google Scholar a Worthy Adversary?"
1330:
1149:". Google Scholar Blog, August 21, 2014
294:", with a "verified email at mit.edu".
8672:
2121:
1428:"Exploring the scholarly neighborhood"
1392:
981:
744:
636:from the original on 23 September 2016
541:, Google Scholar does not maintain an
487:Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg
8629:Academic databases and search engines
8102:
7635:
7289:
6782:
4857:
3805:
2644:
2566:
2369:
2367:
2067:
2065:
1852:
1819:
926:Assisi, Francis C. (3 January 2005).
838:
417:academic databases and search engines
286:. For several years, the profile for
8083:
8063:
7437:Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.
2531:PS: Political Science & Politics
2278:Digital Libraries for Open Knowledge
2237:
2027:
1859:Information Technology and Libraries
1303:
1058:from the original on 31 October 2020
1050:Madrigal, Alexis C. (3 April 2012).
757:from the original on 8 November 2017
410:
290:indicated he was as a "professor at
8680:Bibliographic databases and indexes
7502:Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.
7462:Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.
3540:Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab
1031:from the original on March 26, 2011
392:
13:
8399:Academic journal publishing reform
7478:Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.
7356:Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.
6579:Speech Recognition & Synthesis
2519:
2364:
2062:
1984:Jacso, Peter (24 September 2009).
1464:from the original on April 2, 2019
1019:Quint, Barbara (August 27, 2007).
813:Jennifer Howard (10 August 2017).
483:University of California, Berkeley
14:
8716:
8047:discontinued products or services
7730:Search engine manipulation effect
4390:Android Cloud to Device Messaging
2537:
2256:from the original on May 20, 2011
1764:Kousha, K.; Thelwall, M. (2007).
543:Application Programming Interface
16:Academic search service by Google
8082:
8072:
8062:
8053:
8052:
8022:Stanford Digital Library Project
7905:"Google Me" (Teyana Taylor song)
7614:
7613:
3578:Submarine communications cables
3339:CNN/YouTube presidential debates
2632:List of mergers and acquisitions
2498:"Help Readers Find Your Article"
2081:Journal of Electronic Publishing
1665:
896:Hughes, Tracey (December 2006).
745:Kolata, Gina (30 October 2017).
477:Google Scholar is vulnerable to
216:Stand on the shoulders of giants
34:
25:
8073:
7676:2004 U.S. presidential election
7439:and A9.com Inc. and Google Inc.
3806:
3700:San Francisco tech bus protests
3678:"Ideological Echo Chamber" memo
3419:Computing University Initiative
2504:from the original on 2019-09-27
2490:
2479:from the original on 2019-10-23
2465:
2454:from the original on 2019-03-30
2440:
2429:from the original on 2019-10-23
2415:
2383:Journal of Scholarly Publishing
2311:
2289:Springer Science+Business Media
2268:
2231:
2220:from the original on 2013-04-02
2191:
2180:from the original on 2021-01-11
2166:
2128:Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
2104:from the original on 2020-10-01
2000:
1977:
1966:from the original on 2015-10-01
1945:Journal of Knowledge Management
1936:Serenko, A.; Dumay, J. (2015).
1929:
1908:
1894:"Science Direct-ly into Google"
1892:Brantley, Peter (3 July 2007).
1885:
1846:
1813:
1802:from the original on 2020-09-29
1757:
1708:
1673:
1655:from the original on 2011-04-08
1622:
1611:from the original on 2021-01-13
1560:
1500:
1456:Dreiling, Geri (May 11, 2011).
1438:from the original on 2021-02-12
1420:
1409:from the original on 2018-08-10
1381:from the original on 2020-12-06
1358:
1347:from the original on 2013-02-26
1283:from the original on 2012-05-13
1269:
1251:
1233:
1215:
1197:
1186:from the original on 2016-05-13
1172:
1152:
1070:
1043:
1012:
975:
919:
908:from the original on 2010-03-01
821:from the original on 2017-08-10
792:from the original on 2020-09-22
626:"Search Tips: Content Coverage"
310:Groups and access to literature
7925:Matt Nathanson: Live at Google
7900:"Google Me" (Kim Zolciak song)
7340:Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.
7315:
3733:Back advertisement controversy
2238:Benn, Oliver (March 9, 2010).
1277:"Google Scholar Library Links"
1140:Fresh Look of Scholar Profiles
963:The gentleman who made Scholar
889:
832:
806:
738:
672:
648:
146:and books, conference papers,
126:that indexes the full text or
1:
8659:Category:Scientific documents
7454:Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.
3983:Federated Learning of Cohorts
3781:Slovenian government incident
1573:Profesional de la InformaciĂłn
611:
327:resources, a feature offered
8654:Category:Academic publishing
7740:Site reliability engineering
7518:United States v. Google Inc.
6783:
4858:
4604:applications in biochemistry
3758:Fantastic Adventures scandal
3186:Doodle Champion Island Games
7:
8012:Relationship with Knowledge
7911:Is Google Making Us Stupid?
7636:
7418:United States v. Google LLC
7410:United States v. Google LLC
4218:Internet Speech Audio Codec
3612:Original Channel Initiative
2645:
1648:10.1045/september2005-bauer
1365:Denise Wolfe (2020-04-07).
1304:Vine, Rita (January 2006).
589:
517:by means of a large set of
503:Harzing's Publish or Perish
347:Citation analysis and tools
298:Features and specifications
10:
8721:
8472:Indexes and search engines
7785:Google and the World Brain
4521:Programmable Search Engine
4213:Internet Low Bitrate Codec
4060:Neural Machine Translation
3573:Student Ambassador Program
3523:Objectives and key results
2592:
2339:10.1007/s11192-020-03690-4
1485:Jöran Beel and Bela Gipp.
1095:10.1007/s11192-020-03690-4
972:. "Backchannel" on Medium.
563:Search engine optimization
548:Digital Object Identifiers
205:
200:HathiTrust Digital Library
8690:Scholarly search services
8606:
8528:
8470:
8434:
8391:
8315:
8250:
8202:
8164:
8136:
8038:
7964:Attention Is All You Need
7955:
7877:
7801:
7771:Google: Behind the Screen
7753:
7646:
7642:
7631:
7609:
7566:
7493:
7428:
7379:
7323:
7285:
7148:
7068:
6981:
6793:
6789:
6778:
6694:
6642:
6326:
6319:
6264:
6194:
6134:
6004:
5995:
5822:
5734:
5417:
5130:
5030:
4978:
4877:
4870:
4866:
4853:
4762:
4646:
4639:
4586:
4376:
4267:
4153:
4146:
3909:
3818:
3814:
3801:
3723:
3636:
3627:
3376:
3326:
3218:
3211:
3142:
3050:
2948:
2845:
2836:
2655:
2651:
2640:
2600:
2211:Joseph Fourier University
2021:10.1108/14684521011024191
2009:Online Information Review
1522:10.1109/RCIS.2009.5089308
998:10.1017/S0307472200015844
947:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
511:Joseph Fourier University
428:Limitations and criticism
355:previously only found in
109:
91:
83:
67:
57:
45:
33:
24:
4573:Wave Federation Protocol
3476:Get Your Business Online
2176:. Anne-Wil Harzing.com.
2141:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00037
2094:10.3998/3336451.0013.305
1957:10.1108/JKM-02-2015-0086
902:Google Librarian Central
40:Google Scholar home page
8649:Style/formatting guides
8551:Scholarly communication
8251:Other publication types
7985:.app (top-level domain)
7932:The Billion Dollar Code
7510:Hibnick v. Google, Inc.
7348:Goddard v. Google, Inc.
7332:Feldman v. Google, Inc.
4683:Keyhole Markup Language
3445:Digital News Initiative
1872:10.6017/ital.v36i2.9718
1586:10.3145/epi.2018.may.09
1263:Academia Stack Exchange
481:. Researchers from the
122:is a freely accessible
8591:Least publishable unit
8263:Collection of articles
7975:Predictions of the end
7719:Illegal flower tribute
7599:Gonzalez v. Google LLC
7575:Garcia v. Google, Inc.
7485:Smartphone patent wars
7264:Tensor Processing Unit
7172:Digital media players
4702:Programming languages
4413:App Runtime for Chrome
3710:Smartphone patent wars
3651:Alphabet Workers Union
1694:10.1001/jama.2009.1307
1460:. Lawyer Tech Review.
1341:"About Google Scholar"
1160:Google Scholar Library
606:Open-access repository
402:US legal case database
224:quoted by Isaac Newton
97:; 19 years ago
95:November 20, 2004
52:Bibliographic database
8581:Electronic publishing
8556:Scientific literature
8333:Article-level metrics
7778:Google Maps Road Trip
7583:Google LLC v Defteros
7532:Joffe v. Google, Inc.
7470:Field v. Google, Inc.
7429:Intellectual property
5637:Questions and Answers
5170:Currents (social app)
3973:Exposure Notification
3763:Headquarters shooting
3430:Data Transfer Project
3425:Data Liberation Front
2198:Labbe, Cyril (2010).
1829:Scholarly Open Access
1734:10.1096/fj.07-9492LSF
1403:"Google Scholar Help"
1375:University at Buffalo
985:Art Libraries Journal
680:"Google Scholar Help"
656:"Google Scholar Help"
268:Windows Live Academic
231:bibliography managers
8624:Open-access journals
8571:Open scientific data
8378:SCImago Journal Rank
8338:Author-level metrics
8323:Acknowledgment index
7591:Epic Games v. Google
7540:Mosley v SARL Google
5981:Wildfire Interactive
5940:Pay (payment method)
5631:Public Data Explorer
5082:original programming
4998:most downloaded apps
4889:Green Throttle Games
4558:Tesseract (software)
4396:Android Debug Bridge
4099:Skia Graphics Engine
3775:Innocence of Muslims
3481:Google for Education
2702:software development
2615:List of Android apps
2395:10.3138/jsp.41.2.176
1853:Fagan, Jody (2017).
1432:Official Google Blog
132:scholarly literature
8619:Scientific journals
8130:Academic publishing
6982:Laptops and tablets
5711:Insights for Search
5625:Personalized Search
4883:Currents (news app)
4207:Global IP Solutions
3768:Kohistan video case
3715:Worker organization
3486:Google for Startups
3226:Developer Challenge
3124:St. John's Terminal
3082:Central Saint Giles
3077:Binoculars Building
3028:Shirley M. Tilghman
2620:List of Easter eggs
2558:Google Scholar Blog
2174:"Publish or Perish"
1785:2007JASIS..58.1055K
1516:. pp. 439â46.
1371:library.buffalo.edu
961:Steven Levy (2015)
857:2005Natur.438..554G
220:Bernard of Chartres
110:Current status
21:
8639:Copyright policies
8634:University presses
8541:Scientific writing
8409:Citation advantage
8316:Impact and ranking
8149:Scientific journal
7918:Proceratium google
7269:Titan Security Key
7254:Sycamore processor
6360:Arts & Culture
5904:Marketing Platform
5401:Voice Local Search
5387:Translator Toolkit
4693:Open Location Code
4661:Chrome Experiments
4515:Plugin for Eclipse
4384:American Fuzzy Lop
3555:Silicon Initiative
3364:Symphony Orchestra
2056:2015-01-22 at the
1245:scholar.google.com
1227:scholar.google.com
1209:scholar.google.com
1165:2016-03-04 at the
1145:2016-03-04 at the
968:2020-11-18 at the
839:Giles, J. (2005).
751:The New York Times
724:2014-08-30 at the
684:scholar.google.com
660:scholar.google.com
443:predatory journals
369:reference managers
341:Unpaywall Journals
272:Microsoft Academic
189:predatory journals
184:mark and recapture
19:
8667:
8666:
8644:Preprint policies
8614:Academic journals
8597:Publish or perish
8452:Version of record
8392:Reform and access
8194:Literature review
8096:
8095:
8034:
8033:
8030:
8029:
7847:I'm Feeling Lucky
7826:Google Volume One
7647:Terms and phrases
7627:
7626:
7281:
7280:
7277:
7276:
7241:Pixel Visual Core
6802:Android Dev Phone
6774:
6773:
6770:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6420:Digital Wellbeing
6260:
6259:
5891:Affiliate Network
5814:Where Is My Train
5454:BeatThatQuote.com
5317:Neotonic Software
5126:
5125:
4906:PaperofRecord.com
4849:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4587:Search algorithms
4372:
4371:
4226:Gridcentric, Inc.
3819:Operating systems
3797:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3372:
3371:
3193:Magic Cat Academy
3058:111 Eighth Avenue
3046:
3045:
2956:Andy Bechtolsheim
2533:, 51(4), 820â824.
2298:978-3-030-54956-5
2122:Brembs B (2018).
1904:on 21 April 2008.
1823:(November 2014).
1793:10.1002/asi.20584
1721:The FASEB Journal
1549:on August 8, 2017
1531:978-1-4244-2864-9
1223:"Richard Feynman"
1205:"Albert Einstein"
1025:Information Today
571:academic articles
411:Ranking algorithm
353:citation indexing
164:technical reports
144:academic journals
124:web search engine
117:
116:
8712:
8705:Citation indices
8700:Online databases
8586:Ingelfinger rule
8500:Semantic Scholar
8222:Technical report
8144:Academic journal
8123:
8116:
8109:
8100:
8099:
8086:
8085:
8076:
8075:
8066:
8065:
8056:
8055:
7840:How Google Works
7819:The Google Story
7644:
7643:
7633:
7632:
7617:
7616:
7310:
7303:
7296:
7287:
7286:
7248:Search Appliance
7113:Virtual reality
7081:List of products
7033:Chromebook Pixel
6952:Pixel 9 Pro Fold
6791:
6790:
6780:
6779:
6324:
6323:
6101:Quick Search Box
6002:
6001:
5998:and productivity
5929:Pay (mobile app)
5072:Official channel
4875:
4874:
4868:
4867:
4855:
4854:
4788:On2 Technologies
4644:
4643:
4475:MIT App Inventor
4151:
4150:
4082:Protocol Buffers
3816:
3815:
3803:
3802:
3748:Copyright strike
3743:Copyright issues
3705:Services outages
3688:Privacy concerns
3641:2018 data breach
3634:
3633:
3450:Digital Unlocked
3435:Developer Expert
3216:
3215:
3119:Sidewalk Toronto
3033:Rachel Whetstone
3008:Patrick Pichette
2883:John L. Hennessy
2843:
2842:
2653:
2652:
2642:
2641:
2625:April Fools' Day
2587:
2580:
2573:
2564:
2563:
2554:
2549:
2548:
2546:Official website
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2450:. 9 April 2014.
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2380:
2371:
2362:
2361:
2351:
2341:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2244:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2219:
2204:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2153:
2143:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2103:
2096:
2078:
2069:
2060:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1992:. Archived from
1981:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1965:
1942:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1900:. Archived from
1889:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1831:. Archived from
1817:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1801:
1770:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1736:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1650:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1598:
1588:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1542:. Archived from
1515:
1504:
1498:
1483:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1399:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1337:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1306:"Google Scholar"
1301:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1176:
1170:
1156:
1150:
1136:
1125:
1124:
1114:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1016:
1010:
1009:
979:
973:
959:
953:
952:
946:
938:
936:
935:
923:
917:
916:
914:
913:
893:
887:
886:
868:
851:(7068): 554â55.
836:
830:
829:
827:
826:
810:
804:
803:
798:
797:
791:
784:
776:
767:
766:
764:
762:
742:
736:
703:
694:
693:
691:
690:
676:
670:
669:
667:
666:
652:
646:
645:
643:
641:
622:
393:Related articles
266:, and Microsoft
105:
103:
98:
79:
76:
74:
38:
29:
22:
18:
8720:
8719:
8715:
8714:
8713:
8711:
8710:
8709:
8685:Google services
8670:
8669:
8668:
8663:
8602:
8561:Learned society
8524:
8466:
8430:
8387:
8358:Journal ranking
8348:Citation impact
8311:
8246:
8204:Grey literature
8198:
8160:
8132:
8127:
8097:
8092:
8026:
7951:
7878:Popular culture
7873:
7861:The Google Book
7797:
7792:The Creepy Line
7749:
7638:
7623:
7605:
7562:
7489:
7424:
7375:
7319:
7314:
7273:
7144:
7064:
6977:
6785:
6762:
6696:
6690:
6638:
6574:Sound Amplifier
6521:Opinion Rewards
6490:Live Transcribe
6315:
6256:
6190:
6130:
5997:
5991:
5824:
5818:
5730:
5567:Knowledge Graph
5413:
5122:
5026:
4974:
4950:Typhoon Studios
4862:
4837:
4758:
4749:Webdriver Torso
4635:
4582:
4368:
4263:
4194:Cloud Messaging
4142:
4132:Web Accelerator
4055:Mobile Services
3911:
3905:
3810:
3785:
3719:
3623:
3535:Privacy Sandbox
3463:Founders' Award
3413:Business Groups
3378:
3368:
3322:
3318:Talks at Google
3260:Developers Live
3207:
3203:Material Design
3138:
3134:YouTube Theater
3042:
2992:Omid Kordestani
2944:
2873:Sanjay Ghemawat
2832:
2748:Crisis Response
2707:version history
2692:booting process
2647:
2636:
2596:
2591:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2522:
2520:Further reading
2517:
2516:
2507:
2505:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2482:
2480:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2457:
2455:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2432:
2430:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2407:
2405:
2378:
2372:
2365:
2316:
2312:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2291:. p. 104.
2273:
2269:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2242:
2236:
2232:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2202:
2196:
2192:
2183:
2181:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2120:
2116:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2076:
2070:
2063:
2058:Wayback Machine
2049:
2045:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2005:
2001:
1996:on 7 June 2011.
1990:Library Journal
1982:
1978:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1940:
1934:
1930:
1913:
1909:
1890:
1886:
1877:
1875:
1851:
1847:
1838:
1836:
1818:
1814:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1768:
1762:
1758:
1713:
1709:
1688:(10): 1092â96.
1678:
1674:
1664:
1658:
1656:
1627:
1623:
1614:
1612:
1565:
1561:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1532:
1513:
1505:
1501:
1484:
1477:
1467:
1465:
1454:
1450:
1441:
1439:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1412:
1410:
1401:
1400:
1393:
1384:
1382:
1363:
1359:
1350:
1348:
1339:
1338:
1331:
1302:
1295:
1286:
1284:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1189:
1187:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1167:Wayback Machine
1158:James Connor: "
1157:
1153:
1147:Wayback Machine
1138:Alex Verstak: "
1137:
1128:
1075:
1071:
1061:
1059:
1048:
1044:
1034:
1032:
1017:
1013:
980:
976:
970:Wayback Machine
960:
956:
940:
939:
933:
931:
924:
920:
911:
909:
894:
890:
866:10.1038/438554a
837:
833:
824:
822:
811:
807:
795:
793:
789:
782:
778:
777:
770:
760:
758:
743:
739:
726:Wayback Machine
704:
697:
688:
686:
678:
677:
673:
664:
662:
654:
653:
649:
639:
637:
624:
623:
619:
614:
592:
584:SAGE Publishing
578:, OpenScience,
560:
515:Albert Einstein
430:
422:citation counts
413:
404:
395:
349:
312:
300:
284:Richard Feynman
280:Albert Einstein
208:
101:
99:
96:
71:
48:
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8718:
8708:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8665:
8664:
8662:
8661:
8656:
8651:
8646:
8641:
8636:
8631:
8626:
8621:
8616:
8610:
8608:
8604:
8603:
8601:
8600:
8593:
8588:
8583:
8578:
8573:
8568:
8563:
8558:
8553:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8532:
8530:
8529:Related topics
8526:
8525:
8523:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8510:Web of Science
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8482:
8480:Google Scholar
8476:
8474:
8468:
8467:
8465:
8464:
8459:
8454:
8449:
8444:
8438:
8436:
8432:
8431:
8429:
8428:
8423:
8418:
8416:Serials crisis
8413:
8412:
8411:
8401:
8395:
8393:
8389:
8388:
8386:
8385:
8383:Scientometrics
8380:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8355:
8353:Citation index
8350:
8345:
8340:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8319:
8317:
8313:
8312:
8310:
8309:
8304:
8302:Poster session
8299:
8298:
8297:
8292:
8282:
8281:
8280:
8275:
8265:
8260:
8254:
8252:
8248:
8247:
8245:
8244:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8208:
8206:
8200:
8199:
8197:
8196:
8191:
8189:Position paper
8186:
8184:Review article
8181:
8180:
8179:
8168:
8166:
8162:
8161:
8159:
8158:
8157:
8156:
8146:
8140:
8138:
8134:
8133:
8126:
8125:
8118:
8111:
8103:
8094:
8093:
8091:
8090:
8080:
8070:
8060:
8050:
8039:
8036:
8035:
8032:
8031:
8028:
8027:
8025:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8007:Pimp My Search
8004:
8003:
8002:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7977:
7972:
7967:
7959:
7957:
7953:
7952:
7950:
7949:
7942:
7939:The Internship
7935:
7928:
7921:
7914:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7889:
7881:
7879:
7875:
7874:
7872:
7871:
7864:
7857:
7850:
7843:
7836:
7829:
7822:
7815:
7807:
7805:
7799:
7798:
7796:
7795:
7788:
7781:
7774:
7767:
7759:
7757:
7751:
7750:
7748:
7747:
7742:
7737:
7732:
7727:
7722:
7715:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7693:Google hacking
7690:
7685:
7680:
7679:
7678:
7671:Google bombing
7668:
7663:
7658:
7650:
7648:
7640:
7639:
7629:
7628:
7625:
7624:
7622:
7621:
7610:
7607:
7606:
7604:
7603:
7595:
7587:
7579:
7570:
7568:
7564:
7563:
7561:
7560:
7552:
7544:
7536:
7528:
7522:
7514:
7506:
7497:
7495:
7491:
7490:
7488:
7487:
7482:
7474:
7466:
7458:
7450:
7442:
7432:
7430:
7426:
7425:
7423:
7422:
7414:
7406:
7398:
7390:
7389:(2010âpresent)
7387:European Union
7383:
7381:
7377:
7376:
7374:
7373:
7368:
7360:
7352:
7344:
7336:
7327:
7325:
7321:
7320:
7313:
7312:
7305:
7298:
7290:
7283:
7282:
7279:
7278:
7275:
7274:
7272:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7244:
7237:
7230:
7229:
7228:
7223:
7218:
7216:Smart Speakers
7208:
7203:
7196:
7195:
7194:
7187:
7180:
7170:
7163:
7158:
7152:
7150:
7146:
7145:
7143:
7142:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7128:
7121:
7111:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7084:
7083:
7072:
7070:
7066:
7065:
7063:
7062:
7061:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7025:
7024:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6991:
6985:
6983:
6979:
6978:
6976:
6975:
6968:
6961:
6960:
6959:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6939:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6864:
6863:
6862:
6857:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6832:
6827:
6822:
6810:
6805:
6797:
6795:
6787:
6786:
6776:
6775:
6772:
6771:
6768:
6767:
6764:
6763:
6761:
6760:
6753:
6752:
6751:
6737:
6732:
6725:
6724:
6723:
6711:
6706:
6700:
6698:
6692:
6691:
6689:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6676:Remote Desktop
6673:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6648:
6646:
6640:
6639:
6637:
6636:
6629:
6624:
6617:
6612:
6605:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6564:
6557:
6552:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6511:
6506:
6499:
6492:
6487:
6480:
6473:
6466:
6463:Gesture Search
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6437:Find My Device
6434:
6429:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6405:
6400:
6393:
6390:Building Maker
6386:
6379:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6350:
6345:
6344:
6343:
6338:
6327:
6321:
6317:
6316:
6314:
6313:
6312:
6311:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6274:
6268:
6266:
6262:
6261:
6258:
6257:
6255:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6237:
6230:
6225:
6218:
6217:
6216:
6206:
6198:
6196:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6140:
6138:
6132:
6131:
6129:
6128:
6121:
6116:
6109:
6104:
6097:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6073:
6066:
6059:
6054:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6013:
6005:
5999:
5993:
5992:
5990:
5989:
5984:
5977:
5970:
5965:
5958:
5957:
5956:
5949:
5942:
5937:
5925:
5924:
5923:
5916:
5911:
5901:
5900:
5899:
5894:
5880:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5828:
5826:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5802:
5797:
5787:
5782:
5775:
5768:
5756:
5749:
5744:
5738:
5736:
5732:
5731:
5729:
5728:
5721:
5716:
5715:
5714:
5702:
5701:
5700:
5690:
5685:
5678:
5677:
5676:
5662:
5657:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5633:
5628:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5610:
5609:
5602:
5592:
5585:
5584:
5583:
5576:
5564:
5557:
5556:
5555:
5548:
5536:
5531:
5524:
5519:
5512:
5505:
5498:
5493:
5491:Dataset Search
5488:
5483:
5476:
5475:
5474:
5464:
5457:
5450:
5443:
5436:
5431:
5423:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5404:
5397:
5392:
5391:
5390:
5378:
5371:
5364:
5357:
5350:
5349:
5348:
5334:
5327:
5320:
5313:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5289:
5282:
5275:
5274:
5273:
5266:
5256:
5249:
5242:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5230:
5223:
5213:
5206:
5199:
5196:Friend Connect
5192:
5187:
5180:
5173:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5149:
5142:
5134:
5132:
5128:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5093:
5090:YouTube Rewind
5086:
5085:
5084:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5036:
5034:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5007:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4984:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4972:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4946:
4932:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4908:
4903:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4878:
4872:
4864:
4863:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4801:
4796:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4772:
4766:
4764:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4739:
4734:
4733:
4732:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4647:
4641:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4596:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4548:
4543:
4541:Search Console
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4489:
4484:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4403:
4401:Android Studio
4398:
4393:
4386:
4380:
4378:
4374:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4305:
4303:Compute Engine
4300:
4299:
4298:
4288:
4281:
4275:
4273:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4261:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4222:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4175:Cloud Platform
4172:
4167:
4160:
4154:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4000:
3995:
3990:
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3602:Creator Awards
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3313:Summer of Code
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3288:Living Stories
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3087:Chelsea Market
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3038:Susan Wojcicki
3035:
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3015:
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2999:
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2977:David Drummond
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2893:Salar Kamangar
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2853:Krishna Bharat
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2799:Sustainability
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2538:External links
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2500:. 2015-05-19.
2489:
2475:. 2010-11-29.
2464:
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2363:
2332:(1): 871â906.
2325:Scientometrics
2310:
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2230:
2190:
2165:
2114:
2061:
2043:
2026:
1999:
1976:
1951:(6): 1335â55.
1928:
1907:
1898:O'Reilly Radar
1884:
1845:
1821:Beall, Jeffrey
1812:
1779:(6): 1055â65.
1756:
1707:
1672:
1635:D-Lib Magazine
1621:
1579:(3): 559â569.
1559:
1530:
1499:
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1268:
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1241:"Isaac Newton"
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1089:(1): 871â906.
1083:Scientometrics
1069:
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630:Google Scholar
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539:Web of Science
467:Matthew effect
439:Web of Science
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365:Web of Science
348:
345:
333:Web of Science
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212:Anurag Acharya
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191:in its index.
168:court opinions
120:Google Scholar
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8566:Open research
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8373:Impact factor
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8343:Bibliometrics
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8227:Annual report
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7755:Documentaries
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7683:Google effect
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7666:Google (verb)
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7655:Don't be evil
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7556:Frank v. Gaos
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7206:Liquid Galaxy
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7103:Pixel Watch 3
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7098:Pixel Watch 2
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6664:Dinosaur Game
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6609:URL Shortener
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6555:Safe Browsing
6553:
6551:
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6529:
6527:
6526:Person Finder
6524:
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6370:Authenticator
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6299:Toontastic 3D
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6160:Fusion Tables
6157:
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5914:Looker Studio
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5545:Image Labeler
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5131:Communication
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4923:Santa Tracker
4921:
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4909:
4907:
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4902:
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4897:
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4894:Owlchemy Labs
4892:
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4887:
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4880:
4879:
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4871:Entertainment
4869:
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4487:Native Client
4485:
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4481:Mashup Editor
4478:
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4458:
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4445:Data Protocol
4443:
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4435:Closure Tools
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3265:Doodle4Google
3263:
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3254:Developer Day
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3129:YouTube Space
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3109:Mayfield Mall
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2821:Social impact
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2815:Me at the zoo
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2753:Public Alerts
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2389:(2): 176â90.
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1835:on 2014-11-07
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1727:(2): 338â42.
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7838:
7831:
7824:
7817:
7812:Google Hacks
7810:
7790:
7783:
7776:
7769:
7762:
7745:YouTube poop
7713:Googlization
7597:
7589:
7581:
7573:
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7198:
7189:
7184:Nexus Player
7182:
7175:
7165:
7130:
7125:Contact Lens
7123:
7116:
7110:(unreleased)
7108:Project Iris
7043:Pixelbook Go
6993:
6970:
6965:Play Edition
6963:
6830:Galaxy Nexus
6812:
6800:
6755:
6746:
6739:
6727:
6720:Nik Software
6718:
6668:
6651:
6631:
6619:
6615:Voice Access
6607:
6600:
6583:
6566:
6559:
6547:
6538:Question Hub
6530:
6513:
6503:Nearby Share
6501:
6494:
6482:
6475:
6468:
6461:
6447:Google Fonts
6424:
6407:
6395:
6388:
6381:
6374:
6354:Android Beam
6352:
6348:Android Auto
6276:
6252:Web Designer
6241:Page Creator
6239:
6232:
6220:
6201:
6158:
6136:Docs Editors
6123:
6111:
6099:
6092:
6075:
6068:
6061:
6049:
6032:
6028:Cloud Search
6017:Browser Sync
6015:
6008:
5996:Organization
5979:
5972:
5960:
5951:
5944:
5927:
5918:
5897:Invite Media
5889:
5882:
5875:
5868:
5861:
5777:
5770:
5763:
5753:ImageAmerica
5751:
5723:
5719:Voice Search
5709:
5680:
5671:
5664:
5652:
5647:
5635:
5623:
5619:People Cards
5604:
5587:
5578:
5571:
5559:
5550:
5543:
5526:
5514:
5507:
5500:
5486:Data Commons
5478:
5472:Ngram Viewer
5459:
5452:
5445:
5438:
5426:
5406:
5399:
5385:
5373:
5366:
5359:
5352:
5343:
5338:Quest Visual
5336:
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5095:
5088:
5047:BrandConnect
5039:
5009:
5002:
4967:
4948:
4941:
4934:
4927:
4918:Quick, Draw!
4910:
4898:
4881:
4786:
4763:File formats
4741:
4727:
4705:
4665:
4550:
4513:
4491:
4479:
4429:Chrome Frame
4427:
4405:
4388:
4356:
4339:
4307:
4283:
4268:
4256:
4232:ITA Software
4224:
4205:
4179:
4162:
4130:
4103:
4086:
4069:
4002:
3933:
3898:
3857:
3850:
3774:
3665:
3587:Grace Hopper
3571:
3559:
3527:
3510:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3417:
3377:Projects and
3354:Music Awards
3308:Science Fair
3300:
3295:Lunar XPRIZE
3293:
3286:
3269:
3252:
3191:
3184:
3163:Product Sans
3099:Data centers
3091:
3069:
3062:
3023:Amit Singhal
3013:Eric Schmidt
2987:Timnit Gebru
2982:Alan Eustace
2908:Alan Mulally
2898:Ray Kurzweil
2764:
2718:
2672:
2530:
2506:. Retrieved
2492:
2481:. Retrieved
2467:
2456:. Retrieved
2442:
2431:. Retrieved
2417:
2406:. Retrieved
2386:
2382:
2329:
2323:
2313:
2302:. Retrieved
2282:
2277:
2270:
2258:. Retrieved
2247:The Recorder
2246:
2233:
2222:. Retrieved
2206:
2193:
2182:. Retrieved
2168:
2131:
2127:
2117:
2106:. Retrieved
2084:
2080:
2046:
2029:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1994:the original
1989:
1979:
1968:. Retrieved
1948:
1944:
1931:
1910:
1902:the original
1897:
1887:
1876:. Retrieved
1862:
1858:
1848:
1837:. Retrieved
1833:the original
1828:
1815:
1804:. Retrieved
1776:
1772:
1759:
1724:
1720:
1710:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1657:. Retrieved
1638:
1634:
1624:
1613:. Retrieved
1576:
1572:
1562:
1551:. Retrieved
1544:the original
1509:
1502:
1466:. Retrieved
1451:
1440:. Retrieved
1431:
1422:
1411:. Retrieved
1383:. Retrieved
1370:
1360:
1349:. Retrieved
1316:(1): 97â99.
1313:
1309:
1285:. Retrieved
1271:
1262:
1253:
1244:
1235:
1226:
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1199:
1188:. Retrieved
1174:
1154:
1086:
1082:
1072:
1060:. Retrieved
1054:. Atlantic.
1045:
1035:February 22,
1033:. Retrieved
1014:
992:(2): 21â25.
989:
983:
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932:. Retrieved
921:
910:. Retrieved
901:
891:
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844:
834:
823:. Retrieved
808:
800:
794:. Retrieved
759:. Retrieved
750:
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732:
717:
712:
705:
687:. Retrieved
683:
674:
663:. Retrieved
659:
650:
638:. Retrieved
629:
620:
561:
551:
502:
476:
464:
450:Bibliometric
447:
431:
414:
405:
396:
380:
377:
350:
317:repositories
313:
301:
288:Isaac Newton
276:
251:Google Books
228:
209:
196:Google Books
193:
176:
119:
118:
84:Registration
47:Type of site
8546:Peer review
8426:#ICanHazPDF
8404:Open access
8363:Eigenfactor
8307:Proceedings
8217:White paper
8088:WikiProject
8017:Sensorvault
7886:Google Feud
7854:In the Plex
7708:Googlewhack
7698:Googleshare
7688:Googlefight
7324:Advertising
7093:Pixel Watch
6972:Project Ara
6808:Android One
6794:Smartphones
6697:photography
6670:GreenBorder
6543:Quick Share
6432:Family Link
6426:Expeditions
6415:Crowdsource
6409:Cloud Print
6309:Marketplace
6278:Grasshopper
6094:Quickoffice
5884:DoubleClick
5877:Contributor
5857:Attribution
5825:and finance
5790:Street View
5552:Image Swirl
5480:Code Search
5461:Blog Search
5190:Fi Wireless
4737:Transformer
4594:Hummingbird
4578:Web Toolkit
4563:Trendalyzer
4358:Stackdriver
4252:Project IDX
4199:Crashlytics
4170:Apps Script
4088:Reqwireless
3993:FlatBuffers
3988:File System
3808:Development
3693:Street View
3561:Solve for X
3518:Nightingale
3386:20% project
3379:initiatives
3344:Comedy Week
3093:Chrome Zone
3064:Androidland
3051:Real estate
3018:Ram Shriram
2961:Sergey Brin
2930:Rajen Sheth
1865:(2): 7â47.
1596:10230/34957
817:. EdSurge.
706:Trend Watch
415:While most
325:open access
321:toll access
8674:Categories
8462:Retraction
8435:Versioning
8328:Altmetrics
8273:Biological
7868:The MANIAC
7703:Google tax
7317:Litigation
7221:Thermostat
7177:Chromecast
7088:Pixel Buds
7021:Comparison
6989:Chromebook
6957:Comparison
6860:Comparison
6748:Web Albums
6695:Images and
6602:Tilt Brush
6568:SlickLogin
6294:Read Along
6228:FeedBurner
6195:Publishing
5832:Ad Manager
5779:Navigation
5735:Navigation
5654:Searchwiki
5643:SafeSearch
5516:Flu Trends
5496:Dictionary
5097:RightsFlow
5052:Content ID
4754:Web Server
4536:Schema.org
4526:Public DNS
4499:OpenRefine
4470:Lighthouse
4296:VirusTotal
4237:Kubernetes
4158:App Engine
4111:TensorFlow
4065:OpenSocial
3968:Dialogflow
3912:frameworks
3910:Libraries/
3882:ChromiumOS
3831:Automotive
3738:Censorship
3683:Litigation
3673:FairSearch
3656:Censorship
3545:RechargeIT
3529:PowerMeter
3104:Googleplex
3002:Larry Page
2972:Matt Cutts
2940:Neal Mohan
2935:Hal Varian
2924:Ruth Porat
2903:Ann Mather
2888:Urs Hölzle
2868:John Doerr
2758:RechargeIT
2743:Google.org
2508:2017-01-29
2483:2017-01-29
2458:2017-01-29
2433:2017-01-29
2408:2019-12-24
2304:2022-01-15
2224:2011-03-22
2184:2013-06-15
2108:2019-12-24
2015:: 175â91.
1970:2015-09-30
1878:2019-12-24
1839:2014-11-10
1806:2019-12-24
1659:2006-08-07
1615:2020-12-28
1553:2019-12-24
1442:2021-02-16
1413:2017-12-15
1385:2020-04-18
1351:2010-07-29
1287:2016-05-27
1190:2014-08-22
934:2007-04-19
912:2016-11-14
825:2021-04-30
796:2021-04-30
761:2 November
689:2021-09-01
665:2021-09-01
612:References
550:(DOIs), a
527:shepardize
233:, such as
102:2004-11-20
8447:Postprint
8290:Monograph
8242:Lab notes
8045:indicate
7893:Google Me
7380:Antitrust
7371:Jedi Blue
7161:Chromebox
7156:Chromebit
7118:Cardboard
7069:Wearables
7038:Pixelbook
6820:Nexus One
6729:Panoramio
6681:Web Store
6627:Web Light
6470:Impermium
6383:BufferBox
6365:Assistant
6336:Dashboard
6304:Workspace
6289:Photomath
6272:Classroom
6265:Education
6214:Pyra Labs
6010:Bookmarks
5909:Analytics
5772:Map Maker
5534:Google.by
5509:Fast Flip
5502:Directory
5381:Translate
5345:Word Lens
5310:Moderator
5286:Marratech
5233:Interface
5177:Dodgeball
5011:Newsstand
4678:Googlebot
4631:RankBrain
4531:reCAPTCHA
4509:PageSpeed
4407:App Maker
4341:Messaging
4320:Datastore
4291:Chronicle
4147:Platforms
4045:MapReduce
3978:Fast Pair
3958:Chart API
3887:Neverware
3667:Dragonfly
3629:Criticism
3470:Free Zone
3456:Dragonfly
3359:Space Lab
3004:(Founder)
2963:(Founder)
2863:Jeff Dean
2858:Vint Cerf
2656:Divisions
2260:April 19,
1922:1410.8464
1605:1699-2407
1495:2175-1935
1103:1588-2861
1006:163504762
735:, e93949.
523:link farm
387:i10-index
329:Unpaywall
160:abstracts
156:preprints
8520:OpenAlex
8515:Paperity
8442:Preprint
8278:Chemical
8232:Pamphlet
8177:Abstract
8137:Journals
8058:Category
7980:Registry
7735:Sitelink
7661:Gayglers
7619:Category
7132:Daydream
7006:7 (2013)
7001:7 (2012)
6784:Hardware
6714:Snapseed
6659:Chromium
6596:TalkBack
6561:Sidewiki
6496:MyTracks
6284:Socratic
6234:One Pass
6149:Drawings
6077:Notebook
6070:Jamboard
6045:Etherpad
6023:Calendar
5987:Widevine
5974:Softcard
5962:PostRank
5870:Checkout
5823:Business
5795:Coverage
5765:Latitude
5666:Catalogs
5660:Shopping
5589:Like.com
5573:Freebase
5428:Aardvark
5304:Messages
5264:Japanese
5253:Helpouts
5246:Hangouts
5164:Contacts
5041:BandPage
5022:Services
4912:Podcasts
4860:Products
4656:BigQuery
4599:PageRank
4546:Sitemaps
4504:OR-Tools
4493:Optimize
4418:AppSheet
4347:Orbitera
4335:Mandiant
4315:Dataflow
4279:Bigtable
4189:Firebase
3877:ChromeOS
3852:Goobuntu
3836:Glass OS
3753:Elsagate
3661:DeGoogle
3598:YouTube
3567:Starline
3512:News Lab
3391:Area 120
3302:Mapathon
3248:Code Jam
3222:Android
3153:Croscore
2826:YouTuber
2787:Timeline
2680:DeepMind
2502:Archived
2477:Archived
2452:Archived
2427:Archived
2358:32981987
2251:Archived
2215:Archived
2178:Archived
2160:29515380
2099:Archived
2054:Archived
1961:Archived
1797:Archived
1743:17884971
1702:19738094
1653:Archived
1609:Archived
1462:Archived
1436:Archived
1407:Archived
1379:Archived
1345:Archived
1281:Archived
1184:Archived
1163:Archived
1143:Archived
1121:32981987
1056:Archived
1029:Archived
966:Archived
943:cite web
906:Archived
875:16319857
819:Archived
787:Archived
755:Archived
730:PLOS One
722:Archived
640:27 April
634:Archived
590:See also
580:Mendeley
576:Elsevier
552:de facto
507:spoofing
455:Elsevier
371:such as
357:CiteSeer
260:CiteSeer
235:RefWorks
182:using a
180:PLOS One
128:metadata
92:Launched
87:Optional
8536:Imprint
8457:Erratum
8421:Sci-Hub
8368:h-index
8295:Chapter
8078:Outline
8068:Commons
8043:Italics
8000:.google
7764:AlphaGo
7725:Rooting
7637:Related
7494:Privacy
7200:Dropcam
7191:Nexus Q
6947:Pixel 9
6585:Station
6397:BumpTop
6341:Takeout
6331:Account
6222:Domains
6209:Blogger
6125:Toolbar
6107:Surveys
6063:iGoogle
6034:Desktop
5863:BebaPay
5852:AdSense
5847:Adscape
5800:Trusted
5747:Endoxon
5698:Flights
5682:Squared
5673:Express
5648:Scholar
5614:Patents
5606:Weather
5600:Archive
5580:Metaweb
5528:Goggles
5522:Finance
5440:Answers
5368:Sparrow
5354:Schemer
5331:Postini
5221:History
5210:Google+
5077:Premium
5057:Instant
5032:YouTube
4743:Viewdle
4729:Sawzall
4667:Flutter
4621:Penguin
4450:Gadgets
4440:Cpplint
4364:Storage
4309:Connect
4242:LevelDB
4121:WaveNet
4077:Polymer
4030:Guetzli
3998:Flutter
3953:Blockly
3929:Angular
3894:Fuchsia
3870:Wear OS
3826:Android
3725:YouTube
3594:Sunroof
3327:YouTube
3243:Code-in
3114:Pier 57
2878:Al Gore
2846:Current
2809:History
2804:YouTube
2687:Android
2646:Company
2610:History
2403:1913416
2349:7505221
2151:5826185
1781:Bibcode
1468:June 7,
1323:1324783
1112:7505221
1062:7 March
883:4432132
853:Bibcode
708:(2014)
495:h-index
243:EndNote
206:History
172:patents
142:online
100: (
75:.google
73:scholar
8505:Scopus
8485:AMiner
8268:Patent
8258:Thesis
8165:Papers
7970:elgooG
7956:Others
7895:(film)
7602:(2022)
7594:(2021)
7586:(2020)
7578:(2015)
7559:(2019)
7551:(2014)
7543:(2013)
7535:(2013)
7527:(2013)
7521:(2012)
7513:(2010)
7505:(2009)
7481:(2021)
7473:(2016)
7465:(2015)
7457:(2015)
7449:(2010)
7441:(2007)
7421:(2023)
7413:(2020)
7405:(2019)
7397:(2011)
7367:(2017)
7359:(2012)
7351:(2009)
7343:(2009)
7335:(2007)
7259:Tensor
7149:Others
7076:Fitbit
7058:Tablet
6757:Picnik
6741:Picasa
6735:Photos
6704:Camera
6644:Chrome
6549:Reader
6515:Offers
6484:Lively
6457:Gemini
6452:Gboard
6320:Others
6203:Apture
6176:Slides
6171:Sheets
6088:Photos
6051:fflick
5968:Primer
5935:Wallet
5920:Urchin
5705:Trends
5693:Travel
5561:Kaltix
5539:Images
5434:Alerts
5419:Search
5361:Spaces
5270:Pinyin
5240:Groups
5203:Gizmo5
5113:Studio
5108:Shorts
5103:Select
4936:Stadia
4929:Songza
4900:Oyster
4809:libvpx
4713:Carbon
4673:Gemini
4640:Others
4626:Pigeon
4609:Matrix
4568:VisBug
4552:Swiffy
4455:Gerrit
4330:Looker
4325:Kaggle
4285:Bitium
4270:Apigee
4258:SageTV
4181:Anvato
4164:AppJet
4138:WebRTC
4050:Matter
4040:gVisor
3963:Charts
3943:ARCore
3859:Things
3846:gLinux
3582:Dunant
3550:Shield
3401:Tables
3334:Awards
3282:Jigsaw
3212:Events
3180:Doodle
3168:Roboto
3149:Fonts
3143:Design
3071:Barges
2949:Former
2838:People
2782:Search
2766:Health
2728:Chrome
2720:Goojje
2594:Google
2401:
2356:
2346:
2295:
2158:
2148:
2134:: 37.
1751:303173
1749:
1741:
1700:
1603:
1540:843045
1538:
1528:
1493:
1320:
1119:
1109:
1101:
1004:
881:
873:
845:Nature
710:Nature
582:, and
567:Google
535:Scopus
519:SCIgen
491:SCIgen
435:Scopus
385:, and
383:-index
373:Zotero
363:, and
361:Scopus
337:Scopus
304:theses
264:Scirus
255:Google
247:BibTeX
245:, and
239:RefMan
148:theses
113:Active
62:Google
8607:Lists
8576:ORCID
8237:Essay
8172:Paper
7803:Books
7567:Other
7234:OnHub
7167:Clips
7138:Glass
7053:Slate
7028:Pixel
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6872:Pixel
6867:Pixel
6814:Nexus
6621:Wavii
6591:Store
6247:Sites
6181:Sites
6154:Forms
6119:Tasks
6057:Files
6040:Drive
5837:AdMob
5742:Earth
5688:Tenor
5467:Books
5395:Voice
5324:Orkut
5293:Meebo
5279:Jaiku
5227:Inbox
5216:Gmail
5067:Music
5004:Music
4993:Games
4988:Books
4969:Video
4943:games
4833:WOFF2
4688:LaMDA
4616:Panda
4465:Kythe
4423:Bazel
4377:Tools
4352:Shell
4247:Neatx
4126:Weave
4105:Tango
4094:Shell
4025:Guice
4020:Guava
4004:Gears
3506:MÄori
3396:Reply
3271:G-Day
2926:(CFO)
2920:(CEO)
2777:Pixel
2738:Glass
2733:Cloud
2714:China
2674:Brain
2399:S2CID
2379:(PDF)
2254:(PDF)
2243:(PDF)
2218:(PDF)
2203:(PDF)
2102:(PDF)
2087:(3).
2077:(PDF)
2038:(PDF)
1964:(PDF)
1941:(PDF)
1917:arXiv
1800:(PDF)
1769:(PDF)
1747:S2CID
1641:(9).
1547:(PDF)
1536:S2CID
1514:(PDF)
1002:S2CID
879:S2CID
790:(PDF)
783:(PDF)
531:Lexis
471:arXiv
58:Owner
8495:CORE
8490:BASE
8285:Book
7995:g.co
7990:.dev
7226:Wifi
7211:Nest
6932:Fold
6709:Lens
6653:Apps
6633:WiFi
6532:Poly
6477:Knol
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