333:
space, a conservation laboratory, a center for contemporary Arab, Islamic and Middle
Eastern culture, and a center for "art and technology". Inspired by traditional middle-eastern covered courtyards and wind towers, used to cool structures exposed to the desert sun, the museum's clusters of horizontal and vertical galleries of various sizes are connected by catwalks and planned around a central, covered courtyard, incorporating natural features intended to maximize the energy efficiency of the building. The largest galleries will offer a grand scale for the display of large contemporary art installations. Parts of the building will be four stories tall with galleries stacked atop each other. The museum is intended to be a centerpiece in the island's plan for contemporary art and culture".
388:, Abu Dhabi has comprehensive labor laws to protect the workers, but they are not conscientiously implemented or enforced. In 2010, the Guggenheim Foundation placed on its website a joint statement with TDIC recognizing the following workers' rights issues, among others: health and safety of the workers; their access to their passports and other documents that the employers have been retaining to guaranty that they stay on the job; using a general contractor that agrees to obey the labor laws; maintaining an independent site monitor; and ending the system that has been generally used in the Persian Gulf region of requiring workers to reimburse recruitment fees.
401:, said that he believed that living conditions for the workers at the Louvre project were now good and that "many fewer" of them were having their passports confiscated. He stated that the main issue then remaining was the recruitment fees charged to workers by agents who recruit them. Later in 2014, the Guggenheim's architect, Gehry, commented that working with the Abu Dhabi officials to implement the law to improve the labor conditions at the museum's site is "a moral responsibility." He encouraged the TDIC to build additional worker housing and proposed that the contractor cover the cost of the recruitment fees. In 2012, TDIC engaged
310:
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concrete suppliers, and again to 2017. Continued progress awaited the approval of construction applications and contracts by the
Tourism Development & Investment Company (TDIC). In 2019, The Guggenheim Foundation expected construction of the museum to be completed around 2023 and that the museum would include a center for art and technology, a children's education facility, archives, library and research center and a conservation laboratory.
1845:
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is planned to house the largest cluster of world-class cultural assets in Abu Dhabi. The
Guggenheim building is part of a massive project to "create an exhibition space intended to turn this once-sleepy desert city along the Persian Gulf into an international arts capital and tourist destination."
332:
The museum is planned, at 320,000 square feet (30,000 m), to be the
Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation's largest facility. It is designed to accommodate approximately 130,000 square feet (12,000 m) of exhibition space. Gehry's design features exhibition galleries, education and research
369:
Guggenheim curators began collecting an international representation of art in 2009. The museum showed a preview of these works as "Seeing
Through Light: Selections from the Guggenheim Abu Dhabi Collection" at the island's visitor's center at Saadiyat from November 2014 through January 2015. It
336:
In 2011, the museum began site and structural work on a peninsula at the northwestern tip of
Saadiyat Island adjacent to Abu Dhabi, but construction was suspended the same year. The completion date was first pushed back from 2011 to 2013 then to 2015, after the emirate cancelled contracts with
329:, the site also acts as a manmade breakwater that protects the island’s northern beaches. Gehry noted, "The site itself, virtually on the water or close to the water on all sides, in a desert landscape with the beautiful sea and the light quality of the place suggested some of the direction."
360:
The
Guggenheim Foundation has said that the artworks to be displayed at the museum will "respect Abu Dhabi's culture and national and Islamic heritage. Our objective is not to be confrontational, but to be engaged in a cultural exchange," to reconcile the boldness of contemporary art with
382:), citing reports, since 2009, of abuses of foreign construction workers on Saadiyat Island, including the arbitrary withholding of wages, unsafe working conditions, and failure of companies to pay or reimburse the steep recruitment fees being charged to laborers. According to
365:
values. The
Foundation also stated that it "regards all contemporary cultures and their traditions as potential partners in the field of aesthetic discourse ... the Middle East is one of the world's most important emerging regions in terms of contemporary culture."
229:, said: "It is with a keen sense of historical precedent and with an abiding commitment to cultural exchange as a bridge to international understanding that the foundation enters into this agreement to establish a Guggenheim museum in Abu Dhabi." Abu Dhabi's then
196:
The museum is part of a larger complex of arts and cultural institutions on
Saadiyat Island intended to appeal to international tourists. The museum's collection is expected to focus on modern and contemporary art from West Asia, North Africa and South Asia.
2296:
224:
The
Guggenheim stated in 2008 that "Abu Dhabi's Tourism Development & Investment Company ... will own the museum", while "he Guggenheim Foundation will establish and manage" its program. William Mack, Chair of the
2312:
1153:
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designed the building. After announcing the museum project in 2006, work on the site began in 2011 but was soon suspended. A series of construction delays followed; the museum is expected to be completed in 2025.
1207:
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447:
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29:
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reported that conditions for the workers at the Louvre and New York University construction sites on Saadiyat amounted to "modern-day slavery". In 2014, the Guggenheim's Director,
370:
presented another exhibition in Abu Dhabi in 2017 and has continued to build its collection, focusing on modern and contemporary art from West Asia, North Africa and South Asia.
2527:
1214:
791:
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237:, indicated that the "signing represents the determination of the Abu Dhabi Government to create a world-class cultural destination for its residents and visitors.
805:
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477:
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that he hoped the Guggenheim project will influence the treatment of workers on other Saadiyat sites and will "serve as a model for doing things right."
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349:
2557:
1158:
Exposé: Substandard Conditions Reportedly Persist for Some Abu Dhabi Construction Workers (plus Guggenheim's, TDIC's reactions) updated"
286:
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indicated that "The Middle East is one of the world's most important emerging regions in terms of contemporary culture."
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1171:"'Satellite Museums' Panel: My Interchange with Guggenheim’s Richard Armstrong on Abu Dhabi Human-Rights Concerns"
880:
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1184:"Guggenheim Abu Dhabi Still Stalled, as Monitoring Report Is Issued on Saadiyat Island Labor Conditions"
792:"Guggenheim Responds: Guards Paid Competitively, Gugg Abu Dhabi Not Under Construction, No Public Forum"
2352:
2000:
1775:
1731:
1598:
1521:
1287:
418:
185:
1618:
1593:
529:"French Culture Minister heads delegation to UAE capital to seal Louvre Abu Dhabi operating framework"
2347:
1501:
1434:
2552:
1673:
1561:
1546:
1496:
1368:
1314:
632:"In Abu Dhabi, they call it Happiness Island. But for the migrant workers, it is a place of misery"
920:
405:
as an independent monitor required to issue reports every quarter. Labor lawyer Scott Horton told
2567:
2212:
2137:
2020:
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1713:
1707:
1000:
378:
In 2011, over 130 international artists urged a boycott of the new Guggenheim museum (as well as
774:
2432:
2322:
2005:
1476:
1331:
402:
217:
in New York City to build a 30,000-square-metre (320,000 sq ft) Guggenheim Museum on
2070:
862:"John Berger Would Have Been Appalled by a 'Ways of Seeing'-Inspired Show Staged in Abu Dhabi"
2357:
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379:
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2015:
1979:
1969:
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1536:
1466:
1252:
1136:
731:
678:
648:"Campaigners criticise UAE for failing to tackle exploitation of migrant workers"
615:
246:
218:
173:
69:
699:
2506:
2427:
2412:
2147:
1964:
1954:
1516:
278:
881:"Construction set to begin on Frank Gehry's long-awaited Guggenheim Abu Dhabi"
602:
593:"Louvre Abu Dhabi opens but questions over welfare of migrant workers persist"
2521:
2342:
2259:
2177:
1608:
1511:
618:, Universes in Universe, published November 2007. Retrieved 24 September 2008
345:
106:
93:
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1938:
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1551:
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326:
259:
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2010:
1658:
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1471:
1450:
554:"Celebrity Architects Reveal a Daring Cultural Xanadu for the Arab World"
318:
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189:
139:
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1974:
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273:, which opened in 2017. Additional planned facilities include the
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2217:
2157:
2112:
1995:
1112::What Is Frank Gehry Doing About Labor Conditions in Abu Dhabi?"
2501:
2197:
2102:
362:
340:
In October 2021, the construction of the museum was awarded to
1419:
33:
A computer generated image of the planned Guggenheim Abu Dhabi
2563:
Proposed buildings and structures in the United Arab Emirates
2442:
921:"Abu Dhabi commits to long-awaited Guggenheim museum by 2025"
640:"Conditions for Abu Dhabi's migrant workers 'shame the west'"
341:
646:, 22 December 2013, accessed 1 December 2014; Batty, David.
845:"Workers at N.Y.U.’s Abu Dhabi Site Faced Harsh Conditions"
184:. Upon completion, it is planned to be the largest of the
949:"Guggenheim Abu Dhabi 'on track' to be completed by 2025"
638:, 22 December 2013, accessed 30 June 2014; Batty, David.
240:
2533:
Buildings and structures under construction in Abu Dhabi
2313:
Cultural property of national significance in Abu Dhabi
572:"Guggenheim to Open Gehry-Designed Museum in Abu Dhabi"
352:
announced that the museum is expected to open in 2025.
591:
McGivern, Hannah, Aimee Dawson and Anna Somers Cocks.
2528:
Art museums and galleries in the United Arab Emirates
508:"Abu Dhabi to build Gehry-designed Guggenheim Museum"
233:, later president of the UAE and ruler of Abu Dhabi,
1222:
1026:"Abu Dhabi to build Guggenheim museum of modern art"
448:"Abu Dhabi named as home of Gehry's new Guggenheim"
1502:California Science Center Air & Space Building
1066:
734:, Guggenheim Bilbao Museoa, accessed April 5, 2012
1160:, CultureGrrl, ArtsJournal.com, December 24, 2013
894:"Besix team picked to build Guggenheim Abu Dhabi"
2519:
1639:Richard B. Fisher Center for the Performing Arts
1186:, CultureGrrl, ArtsJournal.com, February 4, 2016
752:. Arcspace.com. February 5, 2007. Archived from
213:, announced it had signed an agreement with the
317:The Guggenheim museum's design is by architect
1173:, CultureGrrl, ArtsJournal.com, April 24, 2014
1143:, September 22, 2010, accessed October 8, 2014
829:"Abu Dhabi's Louvre, Guggenheim delayed again"
2056:
1889:
1875:
1435:
1208:
441:
439:
350:Abu Dhabi Department of Culture & Tourism
1664:University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
720:
718:
716:
599:, November 15, 2017, accessed April 27, 2018
16:Art museum in Abu Dhabi,United Arab Emirates
1051:"Guggenheim Abu Dhabi Plans a Preview Show"
943:
941:
806:"Guggenheim Considers a Museum in Helsinki"
803:
744:
742:
740:
685:, October 24, 2011, accessed April 3, 2012.
297:, a maritime museum with concept design by
2063:
2049:
1882:
1868:
1442:
1428:
1215:
1201:
998:
839:
837:
560:, February 1, 2007, accessed April 2, 2012
531:. AME Info. 7 January 2008. Archived from
436:
373:
304:
1714:World Trade Center Performing Arts Center
1106:
1104:
1102:
1001:"Guggenheim to build museum in Abu Dhabi"
784:
713:
654:, 22 December 2013, accessed 30 June 2014
626:
624:
569:
478:"Guggenheim to Build Museum in Abu Dhabi"
265:The facilities at the island include the
1404:Guggenheim UBS MAP Global Art Initiative
938:
737:
563:
445:
308:
1649:Serpentine Gallery 2008 Summer Pavilion
1060:
834:
666:
664:
662:
660:
289:; a performing arts centre designed by
245:The museum is planned to be located on
2520:
2032:List of tallest buildings in Abu Dhabi
1844:
1099:
794:, Hyperallergic.com, February 25, 2014
621:
241:Location in Saadiyat cultural district
2044:
1863:
1423:
1196:
999:Goldenberg, Suzanne (July 10, 2006).
502:
500:
498:
475:
1814:
1732:Philadelphia Museum of Art Expansion
1130:"Joint Statement on Workers' Rights"
1069:"Abu Dhabi Guggenheim Faces Protest"
1067:Nicolai Ouroussoff (16 March 2011).
918:
843:Kaminer, Ariel and Sean O'Driscoll.
657:
1374:Vilnius Guggenheim Hermitage Museum
13:
2558:Proposed art museums and galleries
975:"Guggenheim in UAE with no Nudes?"
570:Critchlow, Andrew (July 8, 2006).
495:
14:
2579:
1093:"Artists urge Guggenheim boycott"
446:Cornwell, Rupert (10 July 2006).
313:Guggenheim Abu Dhabi model design
2543:Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation
2072:
1843:
1833:
1823:
1813:
1687:
1567:Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health
1343:Guggenheim Las Vegas (2001–2003)
1224:Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation
1141:Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation
919:Kerr, Simeon (October 1, 2021).
750:"Ando, Gehry, Hadid, and Nouvel"
630:Carrick, Glenn and David Batty.
325:. Flanked on three sides by the
301:and a number of arts pavilions.
227:Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation
215:Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation
200:
27:
2373:Abu Dhabi International Airport
1449:
1176:
1163:
1146:
1123:
1085:
1043:
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992:
977:. July 10, 2006. Archived from
967:
912:
886:
873:
854:
822:
804:Carol Vogel (18 January 2011).
797:
767:
688:
321:. The lighting was designed by
249:, just offshore of the city of
1394:Guggenheim International Award
1028:. July 8, 2006. Archived from
696:"L'Observatoire International"
672:"Guggenheim Abu Dhabi on Hold"
585:
546:
521:
469:
1:
2318:Abu Dhabi Cultural Foundation
1532:Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial
775:"Cultural Jewels in the Gulf"
429:
205:On July 8, 2006, the city of
2481:Timeline of Abu Dhabi (city)
2378:Al Ain International Airport
1303:Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum
1095:. Al Jazeera. April 3, 2011.
831:, CBC News, January 25, 2012
424:List of works by Frank Gehry
323:L'Observatoire International
281:-based construction company
235:Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
7:
2292:Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
1619:Novartis Pharma A.G. Campus
1347:Guggenheim Hermitage Museum
1309:Peggy Guggenheim Collection
476:Krane, Jim (July 8, 2006).
412:
258:Former Guggenheim director
126:US$ 200 million (estimated)
10:
2584:
2353:Sheikh Zayed Palace Museum
1776:Organization of the artist
1634:Ray and Maria Stata Center
1599:Merriweather Post Pavilion
1522:Dr Chau Chak Wing Building
898:Global Construction Review
480:. CBS News. Archived from
419:List of Guggenheim Museums
355:
295:New York University campus
2489:
2471:
2405:
2366:
2348:Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque
2307:
2272:
2236:
2085:
2029:
1988:
1947:
1924:
1898:
1809:
1784:
1758:
1741:
1696:
1685:
1624:Ohr–O'Keefe Museum Of Art
1589:Maggie's Centre at Dundee
1457:
1386:
1356:
1324:
1295:
1286:
1230:
883:, Dezeen.com, May 8, 2019
725:"Abu Dhabi: The Building"
155:
150:
135:
130:
122:
107:24.5395139°N 54.3989583°E
83:
65:
57:
47:
42:
38:
26:
21:
1674:Walt Disney Concert Hall
1562:Louis Vuitton Foundation
1547:Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
1497:Cabrillo Marine Aquarium
1369:Guggenheim Helsinki Plan
1315:Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
454:. London. Archived from
348:and Trojan Contracting.
2213:Abu Dhabi Global Market
2021:Abu Dhabi Global Market
1800:Sketches of Frank Gehry
1629:Peter B. Lewis Building
1594:Marqués de Riscal Hotel
374:Reports of worker abuse
305:Design and construction
285:under the direction of
269:art museum designed by
131:Design and construction
2433:Central Market Project
2323:Al Ain National Museum
2006:Central Market Project
1507:Cinémathèque Française
1477:Art Gallery of Ontario
1332:Guggenheim Museum SoHo
403:PricewaterhouseCoopers
314:
112:24.5395139; 54.3989583
2538:Frank Gehry buildings
2358:Zayed National Museum
1916:Zayed National Museum
1793:The Seven-Beer Snitch
1708:Estació de la Sagrera
1604:Museum of Pop Culture
1557:Jay Pritzker Pavilion
1258:James Johnson Sweeney
1238:Solomon R. Guggenheim
1119:", September 25, 2014
312:
275:Zayed National Museum
176:cultural district in
146:(Executive Architect)
2548:Museums in Abu Dhabi
2328:Guggenheim Abu Dhabi
2079:Emirate of Abu Dhabi
1906:Guggenheim Abu Dhabi
1728:(under construction)
1726:Grand Avenue Project
1720:Guggenheim Abu Dhabi
1654:Sleep Train Pavilion
1492:BP Pedestrian Bridge
1399:Learning Through Art
1364:Guggenheim Abu Dhabi
1117:Architectural Record
870:, September 26, 2018
756:on December 21, 2008
407:Architectural Record
385:Architectural Record
211:United Arab Emirates
182:United Arab Emirates
166:Guggenheim Abu Dhabi
78:United Arab Emirates
22:Guggenheim Abu Dhabi
2398:Sheikh Zayed Bridge
1766:Cardboard furniture
1669:Vitra Design Museum
1659:Team Disney Anaheim
1487:Binoculars Building
1338:Deutsche Guggenheim
955:. 29 September 2021
773:Bharadwaj, Vinita.
283:Foster and Partners
172:, to be located in
103: /
58:Architectural style
43:General information
1698:Under construction
1679:Weisman Art Museum
1644:Santa Monica Place
1409:BMW Guggenheim Lab
1248:Justin Thannhauser
1135:2014-07-03 at the
1073:The New York Times
1055:The New York Times
900:. October 29, 2021
849:The New York Times
810:The New York Times
779:The New York Times
730:2012-02-18 at the
677:2011-12-31 at the
614:2012-02-17 at the
558:The New York Times
535:on 30 October 2008
510:. 8 September 2008
315:
287:Lord Norman Foster
186:Guggenheim museums
144:Adamson Associates
2515:
2514:
2463:Tallest buildings
2418:Al Nahyan Stadium
2300:
2288:
2264:, Eastern) Region
2255:, Western) Region
2238:Municipal regions
2038:
2037:
1857:
1856:
1572:Loyola Law School
1417:
1416:
1382:
1381:
1278:Mariet Westermann
790:Vartanian, Hrag.
683:The Art Newspaper
597:The Art Newspaper
399:Richard Armstrong
255:cultural district
209:, capital of the
162:
161:
2575:
2333:Louvre Abu Dhabi
2294:
2282:
2280:Al Nahyan family
2246:Abu Dhabi Region
2163:Halat al Bahrani
2128:Al Maryah Island
2086:Cities and areas
2077:
2076:
2075:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2042:
2041:
1960:Al Maryah Island
1911:Louvre Abu Dhabi
1890:Developments in
1884:
1877:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1847:
1846:
1837:
1827:
1817:
1816:
1742:Furniture design
1691:
1614:New World Center
1552:IAC Building NYC
1527:DZ Bank building
1444:
1437:
1430:
1421:
1420:
1293:
1292:
1273:Richard Armitage
1263:Thomas M. Messer
1243:Peggy Guggenheim
1217:
1210:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1187:
1182:Rosenbaum, Lee.
1180:
1174:
1169:Rosenbaum, Lee.
1167:
1161:
1152:Rosenbaum, Lee.
1150:
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782:
781:, March 20, 2012
771:
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764:
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746:
735:
722:
711:
710:
708:
707:
698:. Archived from
692:
686:
670:Adam, Georgina.
668:
655:
628:
619:
609:Louvre Abu Dhabi
606:
600:
589:
583:
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458:on April 5, 2008
443:
380:Louvre Abu Dhabi
267:Louvre Abu Dhabi
118:
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31:
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18:
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2553:Saadiyat Island
2518:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2485:
2467:
2458:Al Fahid Island
2453:Saadiyat Island
2401:
2383:Mussafah Bridge
2362:
2303:
2268:
2232:
2228:Al Fahid Island
2108:Al-Aryam Island
2081:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2039:
2034:
2025:
2016:Shams Abu Dhabi
1984:
1980:Al Fahid Island
1970:Saadiyat Island
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1771:Digital Project
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1467:8 Spruce Street
1459:Completed works
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1057:, June 5, 2014
1049:Vogel, Carol.
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1032:on 2011-05-20
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484:on 2008-05-26
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201:Early history
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168:is a planned
167:
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157:Official Site
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98:54°23′56.25″E
95:24°32′22.25″N
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2438:Khalifa Port
2393:Salam Street
2338:Qasr al-Hosn
2327:
2261:
2252:
2208:Sir Bani Yas
2168:Khalifa City
2093:Abu al Abyad
1939:Salam Street
1905:
1798:
1719:
1363:
1268:Thomas Krens
1178:
1165:
1155:
1148:
1140:
1125:
1115:
1087:
1076:. Retrieved
1072:
1062:
1054:
1045:
1034:. Retrieved
1030:the original
1020:
1009:. Retrieved
1005:The Guardian
1004:
994:
983:. Retrieved
979:the original
969:
957:. Retrieved
953:The National
952:
928:. Retrieved
924:
914:
902:. Retrieved
897:
888:
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824:
813:. Retrieved
809:
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758:. Retrieved
754:the original
704:. Retrieved
700:the original
690:
682:
652:The Observer
651:
644:The Observer
643:
636:The Observer
635:
604:
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576:. Retrieved
565:
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548:
537:. Retrieved
533:the original
523:
512:. Retrieved
486:. Retrieved
482:the original
471:
460:. Retrieved
456:the original
451:
406:
394:The Observer
392:
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377:
368:
359:
339:
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327:Persian Gulf
316:
264:
260:Thomas Krens
244:
231:crown prince
223:
204:
195:
188:. Architect
165:
163:
136:Architect(s)
2448:Masdar City
2285:Royal House
2011:Masdar City
1785:Pop culture
1751:(1969–1973)
1700:or proposed
1542:Gehry Tower
1472:Anaheim Ice
1451:Frank Gehry
1387:Initiatives
1349:(2001–2008)
1340:(1997–2013)
1334:(1992–2001)
1317:(est. 1997)
1311:(est. 1951)
1305:(est. 1937)
344:subsidiary
342:BESIX Group
319:Frank Gehry
271:Jean Nouvel
190:Frank Gehry
140:Frank Gehry
110: /
85:Coordinates
2522:Categories
2388:Port Zayed
2273:Government
2262:Sharqiyyah
2253:Gharbiyyah
2223:Yas Island
2173:Liwa Oasis
2153:Das Island
2143:Al-Wathbah
2133:Al Mushrif
1975:Yas Island
1932:Port Zayed
1749:Easy Edges
1582:LUMA Tower
1577:LUMA Arles
1231:Key people
1078:2011-10-21
1036:2008-09-30
1011:2008-09-30
985:2008-09-30
959:October 2,
930:October 2,
815:2011-10-21
760:2008-10-01
706:2012-09-05
578:2008-10-01
539:2008-09-16
514:2008-10-05
488:2008-09-23
462:2008-10-01
430:References
299:Tadao Ando
291:Zaha Hadid
170:art museum
52:Art museum
2367:Transport
2138:Al Nahyan
2098:Abu Dhabi
1925:Transport
1892:Abu Dhabi
1849:Wikiquote
1829:Wikibooks
1734:(on hold)
391:In 2013,
251:Abu Dhabi
207:Abu Dhabi
178:Abu Dhabi
74:Abu Dhabi
2260:Al-Ain (
2188:Mussafah
2123:Al Yahar
1839:Wikinews
1759:Concepts
1482:Biomuseo
1357:Proposed
1156:Guardian
1133:Archived
1007:. London
728:Archived
675:Archived
612:Archived
413:See also
66:Location
2497:Houston
2473:History
2423:Al Raha
2308:Culture
2218:Swaihan
2183:Marawah
2158:Habshan
2113:Al Faqa
1996:Al Raha
1948:Islands
1899:Museums
1819:Commons
1296:Current
1288:Museums
904:May 11,
356:Artwork
151:Website
2502:Madrid
2198:Ruwais
2103:Al Ain
1722:(2017)
1716:(2015)
1710:(2012)
1325:Former
867:Frieze
363:Muslim
61:Modern
2443:Kizad
2297:Ruler
2193:Remah
2148:Dalma
2117:Dubai
2203:Sila
961:2021
932:2021
906:2022
293:; a
164:The
123:Cost
48:Type
221:.
2524::
1139:,
1114:,
1101:^
1071:.
1053:,
1003:.
951:.
940:^
923:.
896:.
864:,
847:,
836:^
808:.
777:,
739:^
715:^
681:,
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634:,
623:^
595:,
556:,
497:^
450:.
438:^
180:,
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2299:)
2295:(
2287:)
2283:(
2119:)
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1216:e
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1154:"
1081:.
1039:.
1014:.
988:.
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