1000:
municipality (within Ho Chi Minh City, for example), then he or she needs to register for a KT2 residential status at that new address. If this same move happens across provincial borders, then the person has to sign up for a KT3 registration. For migrant workers and students temporarily residing outside of their province or national municipality of permanent residence, they need to apply for a KT4 registration. Navigating this matrix of regulations is tough. But the public security apparatus that manages the
886:
33:
875:
987:
births and deaths. And at certain point during the latter half of the twentieth century, a tight local surveillance system existed to ensure that people were sleeping at the address they had registered as their own. This had led to its unintended reputation as a system designed for "the prevention of extramarital affairs."
1063:
Abrami, Regina and Nolwen Henaff. "The City and the
Countryside: Economy, State and Socialist Legacies in the Vietnamese Labour Market." In Reach for the Dream: Challenges of Sustainable Development in Vietnam, edited by Melanie Beresford and Tran Ngoc Angie, 95-134. Copenhagen: Nordic Institute of
1008:
remains absolutely crucial, especially for the poor. It is tied to access to welfare benefits, and, in the case of children, the right to attend public school. For a migrant family in Saigon with no KT3 or KT4 registration, subsidised medical care, poverty assistance, and almost-free schooling are
999:
system is complicated and cumbersome. It defines four types of residence, KT1 through KT4. KT1 is the primary and permanent type of residence, and denotes a person's primary residential address. If this person moves on a semi-permanent basis to another place within the same province or national
986:
functioned as a way to manage urban growth and limit how many people moved, as well as who moved in and out of the cities. Gradually, the system became a universal method of control as its application expanded to the countryside. It helped the government keep track of not just movement but also
259:
1017:
In 2017, the government of
Vietnam changed the registration system: now instead of the registration books citizens use an online database. The effects of this transition is unclear, since the use of the registration books continues throughout many provinces.
1021:
From July 1, 2021, the new issuance and registration of paper household registration books will be stopped. According to the 2020 Residence Law, all household registration books issued to
Vietnamese citizens will expire on January 1, 2023.
1053:
Hardy, Andrew. "State
Visions, Migrant Decisions: Population Movements since the End of the Vietnam War." In Postwar Vietnam: Dynamics of a Transforming Society, edited by Hy V Luong. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers,
240:
285:
562:
247:
1041:
Hardy, Andrew. "Rules and
Resources: Negotiating the Household Registration System in Vietnam under Reform." Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 16, no. 2 (October 2001): 187-212.
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108:
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79:
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739:
178:
166:
290:
1073:
651:
185:
173:
161:
756:
214:
952:(口) is the word "mouth", hộ khẩu itself meaning "household member." The local authority issues to each household a "household registration book" or
202:
923:
209:
331:
326:
197:
814:
752:
747:
533:
801:
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896:
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732:
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system is also difficult to deal with, especially if one is a poor migrant worker with little to no formal education. Yet
626:
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433:
609:
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316:
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is the ultimate legal proof of residence in
Vietnam. Together with the "citizen identification card" or
723:
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393:
252:
190:
832:
689:
154:
1118:
1113:
668:
497:
414:
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604:
1108:
860:
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101:
447:
226:
827:
819:
336:
671:
425:
467:
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54:
440:
850:
714:
658:
619:
582:
368:
59:
8:
809:
614:
64:
23:
956:, in which the basic biographical information of each household member is recorded. The
787:
454:
572:
264:
524:
941:
890:
879:
694:
1074:
Vietnam has decided to stop controlling citizens with permanent residence book
1102:
85:
968:
constitutes the most important legal identification document in
Vietnam.
379:
885:
32:
1093:
1088:
978:
948:(戶) is the Sino-Vietnamese word for "household," and
719:Steering Committee of the Central Judicial Reform
995:Even after substantial reforms in the 1990s, the
1100:
982:system and originally used in urban areas only,
1037:
1035:
944:and residence registration system in Vietnam.
917:
16:Household registration system used in Vietnam
990:
1032:
1049:
1047:
962:giấy chứng minh nhân dân/căn cước công dân
924:
910:
1012:
652:Council for National Defense and Security
1044:
534:Vietnam General Confederation of Labour
1101:
473:Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs
13:
14:
1130:
514:Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union
884:
873:
31:
1067:
1057:
1:
1025:
971:
75:Central Propaganda Department
350:Provincial People's Councils
7:
1082:
779:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
558:Central Military Commission
80:Central Theoretical Council
10:
1135:
1064:Asian Studies Press, 2004.
976:Modeled after the Chinese
833:Vietnam and the World Bank
748:Supreme People's Procuracy
468:Governor of the State Bank
991:Complexity and inequality
856:Administrative divisions
538:Viet Nam Farmer's Union
1013:Move to digital format
798:Diplomatic missions of
733:Supreme People's Court
434:Deputy Prime Ministers
610:Air Defense-Air Force
541:Vietnam Women’s Union
274:Inspection Commission
55:Collective leadership
891:Politics portal
644:Civil Defence Force
579:Commander-in-Chief
236:Military Commission
65:Ho Chi Minh Thought
24:Politics of Vietnam
1009:all out of reach.
880:Vietnam portal
753:Procurator-General
571:Deputy Secretary:
492:Central Committee
327:Standing Committee
934:
933:
815:Visa requirements
772:Foreign relations
709:Justice Committee
705:National Assembly
518:Central Committee
506:Nguyễn Thị Thu Hà
317:National Assembly
186:General Secretary
174:Central Committee
162:National Congress
1126:
1119:Civil registries
1114:Family registers
1076:
1071:
1065:
1061:
1055:
1051:
1042:
1039:
926:
919:
912:
889:
888:
878:
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742:
724:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
567:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
521:First Secretary
508:
504:Gen. Secretary:
500:
486:Fatherland Front
457:
450:
443:
428:
396:
382:
282:
260:Deputy Secretary
253:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
244:
222:Permanent Member
218:
206:
191:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
182:
170:
60:Marxism–Leninism
35:
19:
18:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1125:
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1072:
1068:
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1058:
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993:
974:
942:family register
930:
901:
897:Other countries
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824:
806:
794:
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764:
763:
740:Nguyễn Hòa Bình
738:Chief Justice:
737:
700:
699:
679:
678:
672:Phạm Minh Chính
667:Vice-chairman:
662:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân
654:
632:Security forces
627:Public Security
587:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân
553:
545:
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478:
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426:Phạm Minh Chính
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394:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân
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364:
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312:
304:
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276:
238:
212:
200:
176:
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155:Communist Party
147:
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141:
104:
94:
93:
47:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1132:
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1121:
1116:
1111:
1109:Law of Vietnam
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669:Prime Minister
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650:
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634:
624:
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607:
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573:Phan Văn Giang
569:
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451:
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441:Trần Lưu Quang
431:
430:
429:
415:Prime Minister
411:
408:
407:
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388:Vice President
385:
384:
383:
365:
360:
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342:
341:
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337:Trần Thanh Mẫn
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265:Phan Văn Giang
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71:Organizations
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788:Bùi Thanh Sơn
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637:Police forces
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525:Bùi Quang Huy
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25:
21:
20:
1069:
1059:
1020:
1016:
1005:
1001:
996:
994:
983:
977:
975:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
937:
935:
871:
861:Human rights
620:Border Guard
600:Ground Force
498:Đỗ Văn Chiến
455:Lê Minh Khái
448:Trần Hồng Hà
102:Constitution
84:
828:Foreign aid
820:Visa policy
757:Lê Minh Trí
615:Coast Guard
311:Legislative
291:Trần Cẩm Tú
227:Lương Cường
210:Secretariat
1103:Categories
1026:References
972:Background
966:sổ hộ khẩu
958:sổ hộ khẩu
954:sổ hộ khẩu
802:in Vietnam
722:Director:
657:Chairman:
496:Chairman:
463:Ministries
362:Presidency
851:Elections
715:President
690:Judiciary
659:President
583:President
563:Secretary
409:Executive
369:President
248:Secretary
198:Politburo
51:Concepts
1083:See also
845:See also
810:Passport
784:Minister
664:(acting)
589:(acting)
552:Military
332:Chairman
286:Chairman
86:Nhân Dân
46:Ideology
1006:hộ khẩu
1002:hộ khẩu
997:hộ khẩu
984:hộ khẩu
938:hộ khẩu
241:2020–25
109:History
1094:Koseki
964:, the
380:Tô Lâm
1089:Hukou
1054:2003.
979:hukou
940:is a
950:khẩu
936:The
605:Navy
595:Army
419:list
373:list
321:14th
279:13th
215:13th
203:13th
179:13th
167:13th
137:2013
132:1992
127:1980
122:1959
117:1946
695:Law
421:):
1105::
1046:^
1034:^
946:Hộ
800:/
786::
755::
585::
565::
436::
375:)
323:)
925:e
918:t
911:v
417:(
371:(
319:(
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277:(
243:)
239:(
217:)
213:(
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201:(
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177:(
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165:(
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