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273:, which now control most of the water flow in the Hadejia river and have reduced seasonal flooding and overall water supply. It is estimated that the Tiga dam on the Kano river has reduced flooding by about 350 km. A dam was built on the Hadejia river just upstream from the wetlands for irrigation purposes, completed in 1972, which has also affected flooding. The proposed
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to the north. Some of the land is permanently flooded, while other parts are flooded only in the wet season (August and
September). Annual rainfall ranges between 200 and 600 mm, during the period late May–September. At one time the wetlands may have covered up to 3,000 km. Between 1964 and
245:. The wetlands support wet-season rice farming, flood-recession agriculture and dry-season farming using irrigation. Crops include peppers and wheat. The wetlands support fishermen, who often also farm, and provide fuel wood and leaves used for making mats and ropes. The lands are also grazed by
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in recent years. Since the 1980s, the use of small gasoline-powered irrigation pumps has increased the land that can be used for farming, causing conflicts with the cattle herders and disputes over land ownership.
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on the Jama'are river could pose a further threat. Due to these changes, large areas of farming and grazing land and important fish ponds have either dried up along channels blocked by invasive
223:. With reduced flooding and increasing population, the environment is degrading and there is growing competition between humans and wildlife. Farmers set out poison to kill the crop-destroying
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waterbirds. The estimated waterbird population varies between 200,000 and 325,000. 377 bird species have been seen in the wetlands, including occasional sightings of the near-threatened
117:, which include Nguru Lake, are ecologically and economically important. They are threatened by reduced rainfall in recent years, a growing population and upstream dam construction.
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1971 over 2,000 km were flooded. By 1983 less than 900 km were flooded, and less than 300 km were flooded in the drought year of 1984.
229:, in the process killing non-target species. Marginal land is now coming under cultivation and tree cover in the forest reserves is being depleted.
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rivers meet lines of ancient sand dunes in a northeast–southwest alignment and break into numerous channels. They are drained by the
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The
Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands-Environment, Economy and Sustainable Development of a Sahelian Floodplain Wetland
192:. The wetlands are important for waterbirds, both for breeding species and for wintering and passage
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418:"FISH SPECIES DIVERSITY IN THE MAJOR NATURAL LAKES, WETLANDS AND THEIR INFLOWING RIVERS"
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covers 938 km of the wetlands. Parts of the wetlands are protected by five
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364:"Irrigation potential in Africa: A basin approach - The Hadejia-Nguru wetlands"
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Dams have threatened the viability of the wetlands, particularly the
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390:"Important Bird Area factsheet: Hadejia-Nguru wetlands, Nigeria"
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catchment area showing location of the
Hadejia-Nguru wetlands
467:"WOW Demonstration Project: Hadeija Nguru Wetlands, Nigeria"
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and the Marma
Channel complex (58,100 ha) are designated a
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The wetlands have suffered from increasingly severe
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List of Ramsar wetlands of international importance
420:. United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization
366:. United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization
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441:. Nigeria National Park Service. Archived from
237:The area supports about 1.5 million farmers,
302:G.E. Hollis, W.M. Adams & M. Aminu-Kano
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129:lie in the Yobe-Komadugu sub-basin of the
392:. BirdLife International. Archived from
329:"Nguru Lake (and Marma Channel) complex"
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207:The Bade-Nguru Wetlands sector of the
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153:to the south and the drier
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439:"Chad Basin National Park"
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336:Sites Information Service
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492:Hadejia Emirate Web site
209:Chad Basin National Park
175:Johann Friedrich Naumann
523:Ramsar sites in Nigeria
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107:Hadejia-Nguru wetlands
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469:. Wings over Wetlands
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34:12.65000°N 10.59167°E
498:on October 20, 2007
149:. They lie between
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271:Challawa Gorge Dam
217:Wildlife Sanctuary
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81:Reference no.
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297:External links
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275:Kafin Zaki Dam
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198:pallid harrier
171:pallid harrier
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308:Contents page
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291:Hadejia River
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226:Quelea quelea
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65:Official name
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500:. Retrieved
496:the original
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471:. Retrieved
447:. Retrieved
443:the original
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398:. Retrieved
394:the original
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339:. Retrieved
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113:in northern
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51:Designations
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221:Ramsar Site
202:great snipe
190:Ramsar Site
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502:2014-05-25
473:2009-10-04
449:2010-11-03
424:2009-10-04
400:2012-02-14
370:2009-10-04
315:References
194:Palearctic
143:Yobe River
131:Chad Basin
111:Yobe State
99:Yobe River
73:Designated
25:10°35′30″E
306:. 1993. (
243:fishermen
204:species.
147:Lake Chad
121:Geography
22:12°39′0″N
517:Category
341:25 April
285:See also
269:and the
267:Tiga Dam
259:droughts
249:cattle.
184:. Nguru
139:Jama'are
127:wetlands
239:herders
233:Economy
162:Ecology
135:Hadejia
115:Nigeria
334:Ramsar
253:Issues
247:Fulani
219:and a
279:Typha
155:Sahel
343:2018
241:and
215:, a
200:and
186:Lake
137:and
125:The
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