5546:
944:
860:, was published in 1942, and looked back at the whole of understanding about the family. It was designed as a definitive work, covering all aspects of their biology and evolution, and as part of it every known species was re-evaluated and many of them redescribed. They agreed with prior authors on the semi-aquatic nature of hadrosaurs, but re-evaluated Cope's idea of weak jaws and found quite the opposite. The teeth were rooted in strong batteries and would be continuously replaced to prevent them getting worn down. Such a system seemed incredibly overbuilt for the job of eating soft Mesozoic plants, and this fact confused the authors. Though they still proposed a diet of water plants, they considered it likely this would be supplemented by occasional forrays into browsing on land plants.
9353:
4024:
1553:
4212:
1630:
4647:
4623:
1909:
9348:
4549:
4244:
4079:
1734:
1657:
1580:
4137:
3952:
1512:
1451:
4486:
4424:
4275:
1837:
1803:
8438:
4671:
4367:
3822:
2682:
1997:
1936:
3993:
4455:
4702:
4168:
1485:
4574:
4299:
1700:
8452:
4726:
1970:
4055:
9335:
884:. It challenged the idea that hadrosaurs were semi-aquatic animals, which had been held since the work of Leidy back in the 1850s. This new approach was backed using evidence of the environment and climate they lived in, co-existing flora and fauna, physical anatomy, and preserved stomach contents from mummies. Based on evaluation of all this data, Ostrom found the idea that hadrosaurs were adapted for aquatic life incredibly lacking, and instead proposed they were capable terrestrial animals that browsed on plants such as
5431:
3116:
2185:
3351:
8445:
147:
3140:
9359:
5176:
3846:
2655:
3217:
2235:
3622:
2508:
3790:
3591:
3304:
2621:
2587:
2474:
2269:
3375:
3023:
2364:
2131:
775:
3750:
3726:
3439:
3054:
2303:
2158:
5327:
3280:
1183:
120:
4909:
1136:
666:
1166:
3647:
3085:
2535:
3496:
2982:
5109:
5071:
4977:
9342:
864:
7369:
650:), identified as hadrosaurines (Hadrosaurinae) in most pre-2010 works, which lacked hollow cranial crests (solid crests were present in some forms). Saurolophines tended to be bulkier than lambeosaurines. Lambeosaurines included the aralosaurins, tsintaosaurins, lambeosaurins and parasaurolophins, while saurolophines included the brachylophosaurins, kritosaurins, saurolophins and edmontosaurins.
5091:
As a result, the study determined that the hadrosaur diet was probably made of leaves and lacked the bulkier items, such as twigs or stems, that might have required a different chewing method and created different wear patterns. However, Purnell said these conclusions were less secure than the more conclusive evidence regarding the motion of teeth while chewing.
5127:, during the Late Cretaceous. It was concluded that hadrosaurids could reach low-growing trees and shrubs that were out of the reach of ceratopsids, ankylosaurs, and other small herbivores. Hadrosaurids were capable of feeding up to a height of 2 m (6 ft 7 in) when standing quadrupedally, and up to a height of 5 m (16 ft) bipedally.
888:. He remained uncertain, however, as to the purpose of the paddle-like hand Osborn had described, as well as their long and somewhat paddle-like tails. Thus he agreed with the idea that hadrosaurs would have taken refuge from predators in water. Numerous important studies would follow this; Ostrom's student Peter Dodson published a paper about
935:
catalyst for this boom. Hadrosaur research experienced high levels of diversity within the decade, with previously uncommon subjects such as growth, phylogeny, and biogeography experiencing more attention, though the functional morphology of hadrosaurids was found to have declined in study since the
Dinosaur Renaissance.
5105:. As a result of that finding, Tweet concluded in September 2008 that the animal was likely a browser, not a grazer. In response to such findings, Purnell said that preserved stomach contents are questionable because they do not necessarily represent the usual diet of the animal. The issue remains a subject of debate.
5323:
like modern reptiles, with the ventral and lateral regions correlating fairly closely. Also unlike modern reptiles, the brains of the juveniles did not seem to correlate any closer to the brain wall than those of adults. It was cautioned, however, that very young individuals were not included in the study.
771:, giving a slightly better picture of the form of a hadrosaur. Leidy provided additional description in a 1865 paper. Among his 1858 work Leidy briefly suggested that the animal was likely amphibious in nature; this school of thought about hadrosaurs would come to be dominant for over a century to come.
5090:
found that hadrosaurs likely grazed on horsetails and vegetation close to the ground, rather than browsing higher-growing leaves and twigs. This conclusion was based on the evenness of scratches on hadrosaur teeth, which suggested the hadrosaur used the same series of jaw motions over and over again.
5322:
level), related taxa, and previous predictions, the first such large-scale look into the neurology of the subfamily. Contra the early works, Evans' studies indicate that only some regions of the hadrosaur brain (the dorsal portion and much of the hindbrain) were loosely correlated to the brain wall,
5536:
that would have resulted from transport, meaning the fossils were buried near their point of origin. Bonebeds 23, 28, 47, and 50 are productive sources of young hadrosaur remains in the formation, especially bonebed 50. The bones of juvenile hadrosaurs and fossil eggshell fragments are not known to
5094:
The hypothesis that hadrosaurs were likely grazers rather than browsers appears to contradict previous findings from preserved stomach contents found in the fossilized guts in previous hadrosaur studies. The most recent such finding before the publication of the
Purnell study was conducted in 2008,
6035:
Alarcón-Muñoz, Jhonatan; Vargas, Alexander O.; Püschel, Hans P.; Soto-Acuña, Sergio; Manríquez, Leslie; Leppe, Marcelo; Kaluza, Jonatan; Milla, Verónica; Gutstein, Carolina S.; Palma-Liberona, José; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang; Frey, Eberhard; Pino, Juan Pablo; Bajor, Dániel; Núñez, Elaine (2023-06-16).
1157:
2016. This cladogram is a recent modification of the original 2010 analysis, including more characters and taxa. The resulting cladistic tree of their analysis was resolved using
Maximum-Parsimony. 61 hadrosauroid species were included, characterized for 273 morphological features: 189 for cranial
7182:
Tanke, D.H. and Brett-Surman, M.K. 2001. Evidence of
Hatchling and Nestling-Size Hadrosaurs (Reptilia:Ornithischia) from Dinosaur Provincial Park (Dinosaur Park Formation: Campanian), Alberta, Canada. pp. 206-218. In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life—New Research Inspired by the Paleontology of Philip J.
5558:
The limbs of the juvenile hadrosaurs are anatomically and proportionally similar to those of adult animals. However, the joints often show "predepositional erosion or concave articular surfaces", which was probably due to the cartilaginous cap covering the ends of the bones. The pelvis of a young
5562:
Evidence suggests that young hadrosaurs would have walked on only their two hind legs, while adults would have walked on all four. As the animal aged, the front limbs became more robust in order to take on weight, while the back legs became less robust as they transitioned to walking on all four
5152:
zones, or areas where the teeth contact one another in chewing, whereas in adulthood there is a "dual function" arrangement with two distinct areas of different tooth wear. This change during growth may have helped transition from a diet of softer plants when young to more tough and fibrous ones
934:
as the source of data on the amount of works published in each decade. Various periods of high and low activity were found, but the twenty-first century was found to overwhelmingly be the most prolific time, with over two-hundred papers published. The advent of the internet was cited as a likely
913:
collaborated to arrange the
International Hadrosaur Symposium, a professional meeting about ongoing hadrosaur research that was held at the latter institution on September 22 and 23 in 2011. Over fifty presentations were made at the event, thirty-six of which were later incorporated into a book,
6745:
This information comes from the aforementioned Alan Boyle source from June 29, 2009. However, this specific information is not included in the body of the article, but rather a response by Boyle to comments in the article. Since the comments were written by Boyle himself, and since they cite
5523:
In contrast with eggshell fossils, the remains of very young hadrosaurs are somewhat common. Tanke has observed that an experienced collector could discover multiple juvenile hadrosaur specimens in a single day. The most common remains of young hadrosaurs in the
Dinosaur Park Formation are
4924:
The most recognizable aspect of hadrosaur anatomy is the flattened and laterally stretched rostral bones, which gives the distinct duck-bill look. Some members of the hadrosaurs also had massive crests on their heads, probably for display and/or to make noises. In some genera, including
5519:
clams and snails. This association is not a coincidence, as the invertebrate shells would have slowly dissolved and released enough basic calcium carbonate to protect the eggshells from naturally occurring acids that otherwise would have dissolved them and prevented fossilization.
764:
was informed of numerous large bones accidentally uncovered by farmer John E. Hopkins some twenty years earlier. Foulke obtained permission to investigate the now scattered fossils in 1858, and these specimens as well were given to Leidy. They were described in the same year as
5492:. However, the authors were unable to determine what specific factors shaped nesting ground choice in the formation's hadrosaurs. They suggested that behavior, diet, soil condition, and competition between dinosaur species all potentially influenced where hadrosaurs nested.
5972:
2014, Fuentes-Buxó, R. & Dalla
Vecchia, F.M. 2014. Les Serretes, a new Late Maastrichtian dinosaur site in the eastern Tremp Syncline (Southern Pyrenees, Spain). In: Paleontologia i Evolució. Reconstructing the Terrestrial end-cretaceous paleoenvironments in Europe. pp
5283:
for use in palaeontology has allowed for more widespread application of this without the need for specimen destruction. Modern research using these methods has focused largely on hadrosaurs. In a 2009 study by palaeontologist David C. Evans and colleagues, the brains of
1062:
was questioned in a comprehensive study of hadrosaurid relationships by Albert Prieto-Márquez in 2010. Prieto-Márquez noted that, though the name
Hadrosaurinae had been used for the clade of mostly crestless hadrosaurids by nearly all previous studies, its type species,
4933:
of Asia, Europe and North
America. However, the back of the mouth contained thousands of teeth suitable for grinding food before it was swallowed. This has been hypothesized to have been a crucial factor in the success of this group in the Cretaceous compared to the
839:
in 1912, who dubbed it the "Dinosaur mummy". This specimen's skin was almost completely preserved in the form of impressions. The skin around its hands, thought to represent webbing, was seen as further bolstering the idea that hadrosaurs were very aquatic animals.
819:. The Eastern states, too, would never yield particularly informative specimens. Instead, other sites in the American West would come to provide many very complete specimens that would form the backbone of hadrosaur research. One such specimen was the very complete
5236:). Though still obviously small, Ostrom recognized that the brains may be more significantly developed than expected, but supported the view that dinosaur brains would have only filled some of the endocranial cavity, limiting possibility of analysis. In 1977
5960:
Fuentes Buxó, R. 2012. Anàlisi de restes paleontològiques del
Maastrichtià superior (Cretaci superior) procedents d’un nou jaciment situat en Les Serretes (Vilamitjana, Conca de Tremp, Espanya). Treball de fi de Master de Paleontologia (UAB-UB-ICP). 129
806:. Cope had studied the jaws of hadrosaurs and come to the conclusion that the teeth were fragile and could have been dislodged incredibly easily. As such, he supposed the animals must have fed largely on soft water plants; he presented this idea to the
626:
dinosaurs and had a similar body layout. Hadrosaurs were among the most dominant herbivores during the Late Cretaceous in Asia and North America, and during the close of the Cretaceous several lineages dispersed into Europe, Africa, and South America.
5382:, a close relative of the taxa from the 2009 study, was the subject of a 2013 paper once again looking into a cranial endocast. A nearly identical EQ range of 2.3 to 3.8 was found, and it was again noted this was higher than that of living reptiles,
5962:
810:
in 1883, and this idea would come to be very influential on future study. Research would continue in the Judith River area for years to come, but the formation never yielded much more than fragmentary remains, and Cope's species as well as
855:
and Nelda Wright to work on a similar project decades later. Eventually they realized the whole of Ornithopoda was too broad of a scope, until eventually it was narrowed down to specifically North American hadrosaurs. Their monograph,
1008:
analysis has increased the resolution of hadrosaurid relationships considerably, leading to the widespread usage of tribes (a taxonomic unit below subfamily) to describe the finer relationships within each group of hadrosaurids.
5640:
Case, Judd A.; Martin, James E.; Chaney, Dan S.; Regurero, Marcelo; Marenssi, Sergio A.; Santillana, Sergio M.; Woodburne, Michael O. (25 September 2000). "The first duck-billed dinosaur (family Hadrosauridae) from Antarctica".
1158:
features and 84 for postcranial features. When characters had multiple states that formed an evolutionary scheme, they were ordered to account for the evolution of one state into the next. The final tree was run through
5145:, all of which would have been nutritious. Examination of hadrosaur coprolites from the Grand Staircase-Escalante indicates that shellfish such as crustaceans were also an important component of the hadrosaur diet.
4963:) subfamily have solid crests or none at all. Lambeosaurine crests had air chambers that may have produced a distinct sound and meant that their crests could have been used for both an audio and visual display.
5507:
in Montana, United States. While present, dinosaur eggshell is very rare in the Dinosaur Park Formation and is only found in two different microfossil sites. These sites are distinguished by large numbers of
6365:
6101:
Pérez-Pueyo, Manuel; Cruzado-Caballero, Penélope; Moreno-Azanza, Miguel; Vila, Bernat; Castanera, Diego; Gasca, José Manuel; Puértolas-Pascual, Eduardo; Bádenas, Beatriz; Canudo, José Ignacio (2021-04-02).
5479:
concluded that hadrosaurs nested in both the ancient upland and lowlands of the formation's depositional environment. The upland nesting grounds may have been preferred by the less common hadrosaurs, like
5153:
during adulthood. It's thought the transition between states, characterized by a more gradual transition from one wear state to another, occurred at different times in the growth of different species; in
6104:"The Tetrapod Fossil Record from the Uppermost Maastrichtian of the Ibero-Armorican Island: An Integrative Review Based on the Outcrops of the Western Tremp Syncline (Aragón, Huesca Province, NE Spain)"
892:
skull anatomy that made enormous changes to hadrosaur taxonomy in 1975, and Michael K. Brett-Surman conducted a full revision of the group as part of his Graduate studies through the 1970s and 1980s.
5374:, an early bird, had very similar proportions. This lends further support to the idea of complex behaviours and relatively high intelligence, for non-avian dinosaurs, in hadrosaurids.
5137:
hadrosaurs show that the animals sometimes deliberately ate rotting wood. Wood itself is not nutritious, but decomposing wood would have contained fungi, decomposed wood material and
4941:
Skin impressions of multiple hadrosaurs have been found. From these impressions, the hadrosaurs were determined to be scaled, and not feathered like some dinosaurs of other groups.
6911:"Computed tomographic investigation of a hatchling skull reveals ontogenetic changes in the dentition and occlusal surface morphology of Hadrosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)"
5608:
has been documented in the spine of a 78-million year old hadrosaurid. Other examples of pathologies in hadrosaurs include healed wounds from predators, such as those found in
967:. During the late early Maastrichtian, several lineages of Lambeosaurinae from Asia migrated into the European Ibero-Armorican Island (what is now France and Spain), including
5974:
6010:
Weishampel, David B. (2015). "A history of the study of ornithopods: Where have we been? Where are we now? Where are we going?". In Eberth, David A.; Evans, David C. (eds.).
638:
bone and a pubic bone which was positioned backwards in the pelvis. Unlike more primitive iguanodonts, the teeth of hadrosaurids are stacked into complex structures known as
6807:
Chin, K. (September 2007). "The Paleobiological Implications of Herbivorous Dinosaur Coprolites from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana: Why Eat Wood?".
5730:"Small hadrosaur manus and pes tracks from the Lower Cantwell Formation (Upper Cretaceous) Denali National Park, Alaska: implications for locomotion in juvenile hadrosaurs"
5495:
Sub-centimeter fragments of pebbly-textured hadrosaur eggshell have been reported from the Dinosaur Park Formation. This eggshell is similar to the hadrosaur eggshell of
5338:
As with previous studies, EQ values were investigated, although a wider number range was given to account for uncertainty in brain and body mass. The range for the adult
5386:
and other ornithischians, but different EQ estimates for theropods were cited, placing the hadrosaur numbers significantly below even more basal theropods like
5476:
5099:
graduate student Justin S. Tweet found a homogeneous accumulation of millimeter-scale leaf fragments in the gut region of a well-preserved partially grown
5701:
Dilkes, David W. (2001). "An ontogenetic perspective on locomotion in the Late Cretaceous dinosaur Maiasaura peeblesorum (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae)".
5545:
5272:
theropods. Reasonings suggested for their comparably high intelligence were the need for acute senses in the lack of defensive weapons, and more complex
916:
7397:
943:
5612:, and tumors such as Langerhans cell histiocytosis, hemangiomas, desmoplastic fibroma, metastatic cancer, and osteoblastomas, found in genera such as
920:, published in 2015. The volume was brought together primarily by palaeontologists David A. Eberth and David C. Evans, and featured an afterword from
5346:
dinosaurs (nearly all having EQs below two), but fell well short of maniraptorans themselves, which had quotients higher than four. The size of the
6303:"Diversity, relationships, and biogeography of the Lambeosaurine dinosaurs from the European archipelago, with description of the new aralosaurin
9857:
7387:
7445:
9870:
1071:
6635:
778:
From the mid 19th century through much of the 20th century, hadrosaurs were considered aquatic animals which subsisted on soft water plants
4918:
928:
about the rate of ornithopod research over history, and the interest in different aspects of it over that history, using the 2004 volume
905:
Hadrosaur research experienced a surge in the decade of the 2000s, similar to the research of other dinosaurs. In response to this, the
9939:
5496:
6544:"Quantitative analysis of dental microwear in hadrosaurid dinosaurs, and the implications for hypotheses of jaw mechanics and feeding"
6981:"Endocranial Anatomy of Lambeosaurine Hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia): A Sensorineural Perspective on Cranial Crest Function"
6758:"Feeding height stratification among the herbivorous dinosaurs from the Dinosaur Park Formation (upper Campanian) of Alberta, Canada"
6163:"The first duckbill dinosaur (Hadrosauridae: Lambeosaurinae) from Africa and the role of oceanic dispersal in dinosaur biogeography"
9831:
7306:
5148:
It's thought that chewing behaviour may have changed throughout life in hadrosaurids. Very young specimens show simple cup shapes
1070:, has almost always been excluded from the clade that bears its name, in violation of the rules for naming animals set out by the
4929:, the whole front of the skull was flat and broadened out to form a beak, which was ideal for clipping leaves and twigs from the
1090:, by Forster, in a 1997 abstract, as simply "Lambeosaurinae plus Hadrosaurinae and their most recent common ancestor". In 1998,
9944:
1132:
by default. Prieto-Marquez reviewed the phylogeny of Hadrosauridae in 2010, including many taxa potentially within the family.
924:, all of whom also contributed to one or more of the studies published therein. The first chapter of the volume was a study by
9352:
8437:
7424:
7348:
6019:
5994:
7392:
5038:
9929:
642:, which acted as effective grinding surfaces. Hadrosauridae is divided into two principal subfamilies: the lambeosaurines (
7339:
Rothschild, Bruce; Tanke, Darren H. (2007). "Osteochondrosis is Late Cretaceous Hadrosauria". In Carpenter Kenneth (ed.).
5010:
851:, but never made much progress towards it before his death. This unrealized endeavor would come to be the inspiration for
9347:
8451:
6746:
information he received specifically from Purnell, they are as legitimate a source of information as the article itself.
5398:(with a range of 2.4 to 5.24, compared to only 1.6 in the 2009 study); more bird-like coelurosaurians theropods such as
9934:
6366:"A primitive hadrosaurid from southeastern North America and the origin and early evolution of 'duck-billed' dinosaurs"
5198:
dinosaurs as a whole. The brains of hadrosaurid dinosaurs have been studied as far back at the late 19th century, when
588:. This group is known as the duck-billed dinosaurs for the flat duck-bill appearance of the bones in their snouts. The
6666:
Tweet, Justin S.; Chin, Karen; Braman, Dennis R.; Murphy, Nate L. (2008). "Probable gut contents within a specimen of
6285:
5422:(both at 19%). This demonstrated a previously unrecognized level of variation in neuro-anatomy within Hadrosauridae.
5096:
5017:
5350:
was, for the first time, remarked upon. It was found to taking up around 43% of endocranial volume (not considering
802:
was found. Upon the fragments discovered he named seven new species in two genera, as well as assigning material to
9875:
6852:"Consumption of crustaceans by megaherbivorous dinosaurs: dietary flexibility and dinosaur life history strategies"
5905:
A revision of the Hadrosauridae (Reptilia: Ornithischia) and their evolution during the Campanian and Maastrichtian
731:
9334:
6718:"Plant-eating dinosaur spills his guts: Fossil suggests hadrosaur's last meal included lots of well-chewed leaves"
723:
716:
9713:
6717:
5414:(with 33%), though still distinctly larger than previously estimated numbers for more primitive iguanodonts like
5654:
4951:
The two major divisions of hadrosaurids are differentiated by their cranial ornamentation. While members of the
543:
9736:
9723:
7382:
5024:
4995:
1159:
6910:
9728:
7193:
Schmitz, L.; Motani, R. (2011). "Nocturnality in Dinosaurs Inferred from Scleral Ring and Orbit Morphology".
6460:"Standardized Terminology and Potential Taxonomic Utility for Hadrosaurid Skin Impressions: A Case Study for
996:. Since its creation, a major division has been recognized in the group between the hollow-crested subfamily
820:
560:
17:
5918:
Horner, J.R.; Makela, R. (1979). "Nest of juveniles provides evidence of family structure among dinosaurs".
1004:, historically known as Hadrosaurinae. Both of these have been robustly supported in all recent literature.
5083:
6412:
5006:
9358:
5078:
of hadrosaurs as semi-aquatic animals that could only chew soft water plants, a popular idea at the time.
6161:
Longrich, Nicholas R.; Suberbiola, Xabier Pereda; Pyron, R. Alexander; Jalil, Nour-Eddine (April 2021).
146:
828:
679:
7035:"Cranial Endocast of the Lambeosaurine Hadrosaurid Amurosaurus riabinini from the Amur Region, Russia"
959:, a saurolophine hadrosaurid migrated into South America from North America, giving rise to the clade
951:
Hadrosaurids likely originated in North America, before shortly dispersing into Asia. During the late
7417:
7183:
Currie. Edited by D.H. Tanke and K. Carpenter. Indiana University Press: Bloomington. xviii + 577 pp.
5305:
4023:
3415:
1552:
8444:
6211:
7524:
5241:
5155:
4640:
4517:
4211:
1629:
832:
657:, with the young of some species walking mostly on two legs and the adults walking mostly on four.
134:
6645:
6242:"Global phylogeny of Hadrosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) using parsimony and Bayesian methods"
5985:
Eberth, David A.; Evans, David C. (2015). "Preface". In Eberth, David A.; Evans, David C. (eds.).
4646:
4622:
1908:
9809:
5537:
have been preserved in association with each other, despite both being present in the formation.
5504:
5468:
5358:
hadrosaurs, but far larger than in any ornithischians outside of Hadrosauriformes, and all large
5164:
4548:
4243:
4136:
4078:
3951:
1733:
1656:
1579:
1511:
1450:
753:
would come to be recognized as the first recognized hadrosaur specimens. Around the same time in
706:
129:
6038:"Relict duck-billed dinosaurs survived into the last age of the dinosaurs in subantarctic Chile"
5342:
was 2.3 to 3.7; the lowest end of this range was still higher than modern reptiles and most non-
4485:
4423:
4274:
1836:
1802:
9901:
9771:
7883:
7735:
5500:
4670:
4366:
3992:
3821:
3297:
2681:
1996:
1935:
836:
701:
536:
5860:
Brett-Surman, Michael K. (1979). "Phylogeny and paleobiogeography of hadrosaurian dinosaurs".
4701:
4454:
4167:
1484:
873:
posed with a nest; the naming of this genus was one of numerous important developments in the
9896:
9862:
9693:
8249:
7551:
7139:
Ostrom, John H. (1961). "Cranial morphology of the hadrosaurian dinosaurs of North America".
5445:
5402:
had stated EQs higher than seven. Additionally, the relative cerebral volume was only 30% in
5218:
5212:; only basic remarks were possible but it was noted that the organ was proportionally small.
5199:
5149:
4725:
4573:
4298:
3432:
1969:
1699:
990:
The family Hadrosauridae was first used by Edward Drinker Cope in 1869, then containing only
790:
761:
9888:
6602:
2823:
The following cladogram is from Ramírez-Velasco (2022), including most recently named taxa.
9818:
9113:
7410:
7260:
7202:
7105:
7046:
6863:
6816:
6679:
6555:
6475:
6424:
6377:
6318:
6174:
6115:
6049:
5927:
5869:
5817:
5741:
5347:
5295:
5208:
5031:
3472:
3133:
910:
906:
874:
807:
9341:
6670:(Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation of Montana".
5248:
to have an EQ of 1.5, above that of other ornithischians including earlier relatives like
4054:
880:
Twenty years later, in 1964, another very important work would be published, this time by
8:
9924:
5605:
5449:
925:
795:
767:
696:
671:
293:
273:
7264:
7206:
7109:
7050:
6958:
6867:
6820:
6683:
6559:
6479:
6428:
6381:
6322:
6178:
6119:
6078:
6053:
6037:
5931:
5873:
5821:
5745:
9465:
9076:
7661:
7318:
7284:
7226:
7121:
7069:
7034:
7010:
6886:
6851:
6832:
6784:
6757:
6695:
6578:
6543:
6498:
6459:
6440:
6393:
6341:
6302:
6192:
5943:
5885:
5757:
5729:
5676:
5668:
5533:
4991:
3002:
1020:. These terms entered the formal literature in Evans and Reisz's 2007 redescription of
975:. One of these lineages later dispersed from Europe into North Africa, as evidenced by
852:
654:
474:
141:
9511:
6945:
Hopson, James A. (1977). "Relative brain size and behavior in archosaurian reptiles".
6521:
5194:
have been noted as having the most complex brains among ornithopods, and indeed among
9883:
9472:
9211:
9132:
9092:
7976:
7862:
7808:
7779:
7344:
7302:
7276:
7245:
7218:
7125:
7074:
7002:
6891:
6789:
6699:
6583:
6503:
6444:
6346:
6281:
6258:
6241:
6196:
6143:
6083:
6065:
6015:
5990:
5761:
5680:
5482:
5101:
5075:
4984:
This section relies far too heavily on the Tanke & Brett-Surman (2001) reference.
3210:
3109:
2228:
2178:
960:
784:
7288:
7230:
7014:
6836:
6397:
9613:
9606:
9416:
9409:
8938:
8849:
8687:
8588:
8574:
8288:
8256:
7891:
7800:
7714:
7649:
7374:
7268:
7210:
7148:
7113:
7064:
7054:
6992:
6954:
6922:
6881:
6871:
6824:
6779:
6769:
6687:
6573:
6563:
6493:
6483:
6432:
6385:
6336:
6326:
6253:
6182:
6133:
6123:
6073:
6057:
5947:
5935:
5889:
5877:
5825:
5749:
5710:
5658:
5650:
5529:
4616:
4191:
1116:(2004), Sereno's definition would place a few other well-known hadrosaurs (such as
1013:
639:
620:
612:
488:
255:
6436:
6389:
6187:
6162:
9698:
9493:
9444:
9307:
9238:
9141:
8961:
8680:
8666:
8645:
8263:
8136:
7903:
7671:
7509:
7059:
6756:
Mallon, Jordan C.; Evans, David C.; Ryan, Michael J.; Anderson, Jason S. (2013).
6488:
6331:
5621:
5488:
5351:
5086:
of hadrosaurids in 2009, the paleontologists Vincent Williams, Paul Barrett, and
4236:
3839:
3615:
3344:
2648:
2501:
1650:
1102:
711:
686:
in 1854 through 1856, discovered the very first dinosaur fossils recognized from
609:
600:
413:
39:
7243:
6128:
6103:
5563:
legs. Furthermore, the animals' front limbs were shorter than their back limbs.
5430:
1094:
defined the clade Hadrosauridae as the most inclusive possible group containing
896:
would also begin to leave his impact on the field, including with the naming of
9708:
9703:
9641:
9578:
9451:
9300:
9263:
9245:
9190:
8822:
8638:
8631:
8560:
8482:
8469:
8397:
8385:
8354:
8329:
8193:
8115:
8076:
8062:
7939:
7850:
7772:
7750:
7743:
7484:
6909:
Warnock-Juteau, Trystan; Ryan, Michael; Patterson, Tim; Mallon, Jordan (2024).
6876:
6828:
6691:
6273:
5583:
5572:
5269:
5065:
4952:
3972:
3931:
3743:
3678:
3584:
3350:
3115:
2866:
2467:
2184:
1426:
1176:
1048:
997:
972:
930:
921:
893:
881:
643:
455:
223:
7272:
4955:
subfamily have hollow crests that differ depending on species, members of the
3139:
694:, who described and named them in 1856; two of the several species named were
9918:
9794:
9648:
9592:
9571:
9542:
9458:
9395:
9293:
9286:
9272:
9182:
9162:
9155:
9052:
9002:
8995:
8979:
8954:
8927:
8920:
8913:
8884:
8835:
8797:
8743:
8715:
8659:
8322:
8315:
8270:
8200:
8069:
7928:
7913:
7875:
7786:
7679:
7642:
7635:
7117:
6147:
6100:
6069:
5577:
5370:
5300:
5290:
5285:
5273:
5216:
would give a more informed analysis and review in 1961, pulling on data from
5195:
5112:
4960:
4956:
4913:
4541:
4339:
4205:
4181:
4130:
4072:
4017:
3986:
3814:
3783:
3368:
3273:
2961:
2951:
2675:
2614:
2580:
2357:
2100:
1902:
1760:
1727:
1623:
1573:
1546:
1505:
1411:
1215:
1193:
1118:
1017:
1001:
956:
687:
647:
616:
594:
463:
371:
77:
7343:. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 171–183.
7214:
6774:
6568:
5175:
4948:, are noted for having their manus united in a fleshy, often nail-less pad.
3845:
3216:
2654:
2234:
732:
9556:
9532:
9520:
9486:
9479:
9430:
9423:
9229:
9173:
9148:
9120:
9009:
8811:
8776:
8722:
8652:
8624:
8510:
8503:
8343:
8308:
8235:
8228:
8150:
8091:
8046:
7948:
7822:
7815:
7764:
7728:
7686:
7536:
7475:
7280:
7222:
7078:
7006:
6895:
6793:
6587:
6507:
6350:
6087:
6061:
5472:
5388:
5364:
5355:
5343:
5315:
5310:
5265:
5261:
5250:
5237:
5160:
5142:
5087:
4566:
3570:
3196:
2975:
2938:
2914:
2330:
1693:
1332:
1269:
1171:
1124:
1052:
1022:
1005:
968:
964:
816:
754:
724:
717:
691:
683:
631:
623:
581:
434:
424:
392:
319:
299:
282:
207:
6301:
Prieto-Márquez, A.; Dalla Vecchia, F. M.; Gaete, R.; Galobart, À. (2013).
5830:
5805:
5753:
5314:(juvenile specimen ROM 758) were scanned and compared to each other (on a
3621:
2507:
714:". The former was based on a collection of teeth whilst the latter on two
9844:
9803:
9745:
9634:
9599:
9437:
9279:
9252:
9204:
9197:
9030:
9016:
8988:
8968:
8947:
8891:
8870:
8863:
8856:
8790:
8783:
8736:
8701:
8673:
8609:
8602:
8371:
8221:
8207:
8179:
8157:
8099:
7962:
7793:
7757:
7721:
7617:
7604:
7563:
7433:
6607:
5801:
5589:
5378:
5359:
5319:
5280:
5276:
behaviours as indicated by their acoustic and visual display structures.
5232:
5213:
4719:
4695:
4479:
4384:
4360:
4292:
4268:
3945:
3789:
3719:
3639:
3590:
3374:
3303:
3241:
3022:
2890:
2842:
2620:
2586:
2528:
2473:
2363:
2296:
2268:
2262:
2130:
1990:
1963:
1857:
1796:
1444:
1394:
1367:
1249:
1188:
1141:
1108:
1096:
1091:
1065:
992:
848:
361:
329:
239:
52:
6300:
6138:
5663:
3749:
3725:
3438:
3279:
3053:
2302:
2157:
1078:, and used the name Saurolophinae instead for the traditional grouping.
774:
9836:
9687:
9662:
9655:
9627:
9620:
9500:
9386:
9085:
9065:
9023:
8898:
8750:
8617:
8567:
8532:
8525:
8496:
8336:
8214:
8186:
8055:
8028:
8003:
7843:
7836:
7829:
7707:
6927:
6631:
6212:"Synopsis of the extinct batrachia, reptilia and aves of North America"
5672:
5594:
5394:
5326:
5191:
5134:
4664:
4448:
3016:
2124:
1929:
1305:
1182:
1106:(a well-known lambeosaurine), later emending the definition to include
889:
742:
635:
589:
381:
351:
119:
97:
62:
9849:
4908:
3646:
3084:
2534:
1165:
1135:
1074:. Prieto-Márquez defined Hadrosaurinae as just the lineage containing
665:
9669:
9585:
9564:
9402:
9099:
9037:
8546:
8518:
8378:
8242:
8172:
8143:
7969:
7955:
7698:
7244:
Rothschild, B.M.; Tanke, D.H.; Helbling II, M.; Martin, L.D. (2003).
7152:
6997:
6980:
6725:
5939:
5907:. Ph.D. dissertation. Washington, D.C.: George Washington University.
5881:
5806:"A reconsideration of the paleoecology of the hadrosaurian dinosaurs"
5551:
5256:
5130:
5124:
4945:
4417:
3495:
3047:
2981:
2151:
1830:
1128:) outside the family, which led them to define the family to include
952:
898:
869:
844:
758:
605:
566:
549:
158:
102:
46:
9765:
7398:"Mummified" Dinosaur Discovered In Montana, National Geographic 2002
7093:
6034:
5989:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indina University Press. pp. xiii–xiv.
5714:
5108:
5070:
4987:
4976:
646:), which had hollow cranial crests or tubes; and the saurolophines (
9788:
9549:
9218:
9106:
8906:
8877:
8804:
8729:
8694:
8595:
8581:
8539:
8363:
8164:
8129:
8035:
8021:
7983:
7493:
7466:
7457:
5509:
5460:
5383:
5203:
5138:
4935:
4161:
3489:
3078:
1478:
885:
746:
577:
402:
191:
178:
92:
87:
72:
67:
57:
8842:
8277:
6908:
6542:
Williams, Vincent S.; Barrett, Paul M.; Purnell, Mark A. (2009).
6413:"Phylogenetic and biogeography analysis of Mexican hadrosauroids"
5525:
5516:
5464:
5441:
5123:(2013) examined herbivore coexistence on the island continent of
4048:
977:
863:
107:
82:
9823:
6410:
6014:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 2–7.
5593:) and modern birds and reptiles suggest that they may have been
8708:
8301:
7451:
4930:
168:
7402:
6850:
Chin, Karen; Feldmann, Rodney M.; Tashman, Jessica N. (2017).
6363:
8553:
8083:
6640:
6280:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. p. 69.
5512:
5334:
brain in right lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral (C) views
1087:
1028:
340:
6160:
7921:
6364:
Prieto-Marquez, A.; Erickson, G.M.; Ebersole, J.A. (2016).
5655:
10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0612:tfdbdf]2.0.co;2
5453:
7338:
5159:
it did not occur until a nearly adult stage, whereas in a
5639:
5448:. Tiny hadrosaur footprints have been discovered in the
6755:
1012:
Lambeosaurines have also been traditionally split into
7307:"Evidence of predatory behavior by theropod dinosaurs"
7091:
6541:
5559:
hadrosaur was similar to that of an older individual.
798:
led an expedition to the Judith River Formation where
7341:
Horns and Beaks: Ceratopsian and Ornithopod Dinosaurs
6665:
7364:
6009:
5444:
sized hadrosaur fossils have been documented in the
2672:
2645:
2611:
2577:
2525:
2498:
2464:
2433:
2354:
2327:
2293:
2259:
2225:
2175:
2148:
2121:
1987:
1960:
1926:
1899:
1854:
1827:
1793:
1757:
1724:
1690:
1647:
1620:
1570:
1543:
1502:
1475:
1441:
1423:
1408:
1391:
1364:
1347:
1329:
1302:
1266:
1246:
1112:, the type genus of the family. According to Horner
460:
452:
440:
430:
419:
408:
398:
387:
377:
367:
357:
346:
335:
325:
315:
289:
6849:
1039:, and Parasaurolophini as all those taxa closer to
7032:
6404:
6216:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
5849:. M.A. thesis. Berkeley: University of California.
5847:The appendicular anatomy of hadrosaurian dinosaurs
5783:Lull, Richard Swann; and Wright, Nelda E. (1942).
5528:, bones from limbs and feet, as well as vertebral
5515:and other less common shelled invertebrates, like
5354:) in ROM 702. This is comparable to their size in
947:Map of various hadrosaur taxa across North America
6902:
5304:(juvenile specimen ROM 759 and subadult specimen
9916:
6944:
5597:, active throughout the day at short intervals.
7138:
6978:
6548:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
6209:
5727:
5244:to the topic of dinosaur intelligence, finding
7508:
7237:
7028:
7026:
7024:
6739:
6239:
5163:specimen likely less than a year old from the
8480:
7418:
7295:
7192:
6940:
6938:
6711:
6709:
5721:
827:), recovered in 1908 by the fossil collector
7246:"Epidemiologic study of tumors in dinosaurs"
7178:
7176:
7174:
7172:
7170:
7168:
7166:
7164:
7162:
6974:
6972:
6970:
6968:
6626:
6624:
5917:
5902:
5859:
5844:
5532:. The material showed little or none of the
5179:A 1905 diagram showing the small size of an
5115:dentary with teeth, typical of hadrosauridae
4996:introducing citations to additional sources
7021:
6915:Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology
6603:"Study hints at what and how dinosaurs ate"
6458:Bell, P. R. (2012). Farke, Andrew A (ed.).
6003:
5984:
5978:
5499:in southern Alberta as well as that of the
4919:Oxford University Museum of Natural History
7615:
7425:
7411:
7132:
6935:
6706:
6659:
5566:
118:
7301:
7159:
7085:
7068:
7058:
6996:
6965:
6926:
6885:
6875:
6783:
6773:
6621:
6577:
6567:
6535:
6497:
6487:
6411:Ramírez-Velasco, Angel Alejandro (2022).
6340:
6330:
6257:
6246:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
6235:
6233:
6231:
6229:
6186:
6137:
6127:
6077:
5829:
5662:
5540:
1153:Below is a cladogram from Prieto-Marquez
7033:Lauters, Pascaline; et al. (2013).
6947:Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
6203:
5544:
5429:
5325:
5174:
5107:
5069:
4986:Relevant discussion may be found on the
4907:
1181:
1164:
1134:
963:, which is closely related to the tribe
942:
862:
773:
664:
5796:
5794:
5792:
5785:Hadrosaurian Dinosaurs of North America
5392:(with an EQ range of 3.31 to 5.07) and
858:Hadrosaurian Dinosaurs of North America
660:
14:
9917:
7332:
6600:
6266:
6226:
5800:
5779:
5777:
5775:
5773:
5771:
5728:Fiorillo, A.R.; Tykoski, R.S. (2016).
5700:
5624:is also commonly found in hadrosaurs.
757:, on the other side of the continent,
615:. Hadrosaurids are descendants of the
592:family, which includes genera such as
9770:
9769:
9374:
8467:
7602:
7444:
7406:
6979:Evans, David C.; et al. (2009).
6715:
6630:
5896:
5853:
5838:
1086:Hadrosauridae was first defined as a
9375:
6806:
6457:
6357:
6272:
5789:
5696:
5694:
5692:
5690:
5187:, top) commented on in early sources
5133:(fossilized droppings) of some Late
4970:
1145:, the taxon named by Prieto-Marquez
7094:"The skull and brain of Claosaurus"
6959:10.1146/annurev.es.08.110177.002241
5768:
5410:, closer to that of theropods like
815:itself would in time be seen as of
690:. These specimens were obtained by
24:
8468:
6451:
6370:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
5703:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
5643:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
5167:the transition had already begun.
1027:. Lambeosaurini is defined as all
25:
9956:
9940:Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope
7360:
5903:Brett-Surman, Michael K. (1989).
5845:Brett-Surman, Michael K. (1975).
5687:
5183:brain (bottom; alongside that of
5097:University of Colorado at Boulder
985:
556: 'stout, thick' and
9357:
9351:
9346:
9340:
9333:
8450:
8443:
8436:
7367:
6259:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00617.x
5240:introduced the use of estimated
4975:
4724:
4700:
4669:
4645:
4621:
4572:
4547:
4484:
4453:
4422:
4365:
4297:
4273:
4242:
4210:
4166:
4135:
4077:
4053:
4022:
3991:
3950:
3844:
3820:
3788:
3748:
3724:
3645:
3620:
3589:
3494:
3437:
3373:
3349:
3302:
3278:
3215:
3138:
3114:
3083:
3052:
3021:
2980:
2680:
2653:
2619:
2585:
2533:
2506:
2472:
2362:
2301:
2267:
2233:
2183:
2156:
2129:
1995:
1968:
1934:
1907:
1835:
1801:
1732:
1698:
1655:
1628:
1578:
1551:
1510:
1483:
1449:
1100:(a well-known saurolophine) and
794:" would come from the East, and
145:
50:
9714:List of informal dinosaur names
7603:
7432:
7186:
7092:Marsh, Othniel Charles (1893).
6843:
6800:
6749:
6594:
6514:
6294:
6154:
6094:
6028:
5966:
5954:
5549:Juvenile specimen of the genus
5425:
5206:of a specimen then referred to
4966:
938:
9724:Timeline of hadrosaur research
7383:Timeline of hadrosaur research
5911:
5633:
5459:In a 2001 review of hadrosaur
5406:, significantly lower than in
5230:(then considered a synonym of
741:teeth turned out to belong to
682:, during expeditions near the
13:
1:
9945:Prehistoric dinosaur families
6601:Bryner, Jeanna (2009-06-29).
6437:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105267
6390:10.1080/02724634.2015.1054495
6188:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104678
5627:
5575:of several hadrosaur genera (
782:Further discoveries such as "
7060:10.1371/journal.pone.0078899
6668:Brachylophosaurus canadensis
6489:10.1371/journal.pone.0031295
6332:10.1371/journal.pone.0069835
5600:
5463:and hatchling material from
5170:
5084:studying the chewing methods
1081:
843:Cope had planned to write a
7:
9930:Santonian first appearances
7098:American Journal of Science
6716:Lloyd, Robin (2008-09-25).
6278:Dinosaurs: The Encyclopedia
6129:10.3390/geosciences11040162
5810:American Journal of Science
27:Extinct family of dinosaurs
10:
9961:
6877:10.1038/s41598-017-11538-w
6829:10.2110/palo.2006.p06-087r
6692:10.2110/palo.2007.p07-044r
6522:"Hadrosaur Forelimb Study"
6240:Prieto-Márquez, A (2010).
5063:
4903:
982:a member of Arenysaurini.
829:Charles Hazelius Sternberg
680:Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden
559:
542:
9935:Maastrichtian extinctions
9778:
9679:
9530:
9510:
9385:
9381:
9370:
9331:
9262:
9228:
9172:
9131:
9075:
9060:
9051:
8978:
8937:
8830:
8821:
8771:
8760:
8491:
8476:
8463:
8434:
8396:
8353:
8296:
8287:
8124:
8113:
8045:
8016:
8012:
8001:
7938:
7902:
7870:
7861:
7697:
7660:
7630:
7626:
7611:
7598:
7562:
7544:
7535:
7517:
7504:
7440:
7317:: 135–144. Archived from
7273:10.1007/s00114-003-0473-9
6464:from Canada and Mongolia"
5242:encephalization quotients
4716:
4692:
4685:
4661:
4637:
4613:
4606:
4563:
4538:
4531:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4476:
4469:
4445:
4438:
4414:
4407:
4381:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4289:
4265:
4258:
4233:
4226:
4202:
4195:
4185:
4158:
4151:
4127:
4120:
4069:
4045:
4038:
4014:
4007:
3983:
3976:
3966:
3942:
3935:
3836:
3811:
3804:
3780:
3773:
3740:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3689:
3682:
3636:
3612:
3605:
3581:
3574:
3564:
3486:
3469:
3462:
3429:
3416:Gryposaurus monumentensis
3412:
3405:
3398:
3365:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3294:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3238:
3231:
3207:
3200:
3190:
3130:
3106:
3099:
3075:
3068:
3044:
3037:
3013:
3006:
2996:
2972:
2965:
2955:
2935:
2928:
2911:
2904:
2887:
2880:
2863:
2856:
2839:
2832:
2669:
2642:
2635:
2608:
2601:
2574:
2567:
2522:
2495:
2488:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2430:
2423:
2351:
2344:
2324:
2317:
2290:
2283:
2256:
2249:
2222:
2215:
2208:
2172:
2145:
2118:
2111:
2104:
1984:
1957:
1950:
1923:
1896:
1889:
1851:
1824:
1817:
1790:
1783:
1776:
1755:
1748:
1721:
1714:
1687:
1680:
1644:
1617:
1610:
1603:
1567:
1540:
1533:
1526:
1499:
1472:
1465:
1438:
1431:
1416:
1388:
1381:
1361:
1354:
1326:
1319:
1299:
1292:
1263:
1243:
1236:
1229:
1211:
1204:
515:(Lull & Wright, 1942)
480:
473:
312:
307:
288:
281:
142:Scientific classification
140:
126:
117:
34:
7118:10.2475/ajs.s3-45.265.83
6524:. Palaeo-electronica.org
6210:Cope, Edward D. (1969).
5571:Comparisons between the
5436:Hypacrosaurus stebingeri
5156:Hypacrosaurus stebingeri
4641:Hypacrosaurus altispinus
4518:Hypacrosaurus stebingeri
833:Converse County, Wyoming
604:, was a common group of
135:Oxford University Museum
7215:10.1126/science.1200043
6775:10.1186/1472-6785-13-14
6569:10.1073/pnas.0812631106
5610:Edmontosaurus annectens
5567:Daily activity patterns
5505:Judith River Formations
5469:Dinosaur Park Formation
5362:dinosaurs; maniraptors
5260:and similar to that of
5181:Edmontosaurus annectens
5165:Dinosaur Park Formation
5059:
1037:Parasaurolophus walkeri
825:Edmontosaurus annectens
737:. Although most of the
712:Great Lignite Formation
707:Thespesius occidentalis
130:Edmontosaurus annectens
6636:"How dinosaurs chewed"
6062:10.1126/sciadv.adg2456
5555:
5541:Growth and development
5438:
5335:
5188:
5116:
5079:
4944:Hadrosaurs, much like
4921:
3298:Kritosaurus navajovius
1196:
1179:
1150:
948:
877:
835:. It was described by
831:and his three sons in
779:
702:Judith River Formation
676:
9897:Paleobiology Database
9694:Basturs Poble bonebed
6985:The Anatomical Record
5831:10.2475/ajs.262.8.975
5754:10.2110/palo.2016.049
5548:
5446:scientific literature
5433:
5329:
5264:theropods and modern
5228:Gryposaurus notabilis
5219:Edmontosaurus regalis
5200:Othniel Charles Marsh
5178:
5111:
5074:Early restoration by
5073:
4911:
3691:"Sabinosaur" PASAC-1
3433:Gryposaurus notabilis
1185:
1168:
1138:
1031:more closely related
946:
866:
791:Ornithotarsus immanis
777:
762:William Parker Foulke
668:
634:, hadrosaurids had a
580:, are members of the
9716:(contains hadrosaur
9114:Probrachylophosaurus
7141:Bulletin of the AMNH
6305:Canardia garonnensis
5434:Eggs of the species
5348:cerebral hemispheres
5209:Claosaurus annectens
5185:Triceratops horridus
4992:improve this article
3473:Gryposaurus latidens
3134:Probrachylophosaurus
2436:Sabinosaur" PASAC-1
1192:, the type taxon of
1175:, the type taxon of
1058:The use of the term
911:Royal Tyrrell Museum
907:Royal Ontario Museum
875:Dinosaur Renaissance
808:Philadelphia Academy
730:
722:
715:
661:History of discovery
573: 'lizard'), or
127:Mounted skeleton of
7265:2003NW.....90..495R
7253:Naturwissenschaften
7207:2011Sci...332..705S
7110:1893AmJS...45...83M
7051:2013PLoSO...878899L
6868:2017NatSR...711163C
6821:2007Palai..22..554C
6728:on February 4, 2016
6684:2008Palai..23..624T
6560:2009PNAS..10611194W
6554:(27): 11194–11199.
6480:2012PLoSO...731295B
6429:2022CrRes.13805267R
6417:Cretaceous Research
6382:2016JVPal..36E4495P
6323:2013PLoSO...869835P
6179:2021CrRes.12004678L
6167:Cretaceous Research
6120:2021Geosc..11..162P
6054:2023SciA....9G2456A
5932:1979Natur.282..296H
5874:1979Natur.277..560B
5822:1964AmJS..262..975O
5746:2016Palai..31..479F
5606:Spondyloarthropathy
5450:Blackhawk Formation
5095:when a team led by
3274:Kritosaurus horneri
1055:have also emerged.
1033:Lambeosaurus lambei
926:David B. Weishampel
796:Edward Drinker Cope
768:Hadrosaurus foulkii
697:Trachodon mirabilis
672:Trachodon mirabilis
294:Hadrosaurus foulkii
9466:Ornithopodichnites
9077:Brachylophosaurini
7662:Hypsilophodontidae
7303:Carpenter, Kenneth
6928:10.18435/vamp29395
6856:Scientific Reports
5556:
5477:M. K. Brett-Surman
5439:
5336:
5268:but below that of
5189:
5117:
5080:
4922:
3003:Brachylophosaurini
1197:
1180:
1151:
1047:. In recent years
1000:and the subfamily
949:
878:
853:Richard Swann Lull
780:
677:
655:facultative bipeds
653:Hadrosaurids were
9912:
9911:
9884:Open Tree of Life
9772:Taxon identifiers
9763:
9762:
9759:
9758:
9755:
9754:
9473:Shiraminesauropus
9366:
9365:
9329:
9328:
9325:
9324:
9321:
9320:
9317:
9316:
9212:Naashoibitosaurus
9133:Austrokritosauria
9093:Brachylophosaurus
9047:
9046:
8459:
8458:
8432:
8431:
8428:
8427:
8424:
8423:
8420:
8419:
8416:
8415:
8109:
8108:
7997:
7996:
7993:
7992:
7977:Transylvanosaurus
7863:Rhabdodontomorpha
7809:Notohypsilophodon
7780:Macrogryphosaurus
7594:
7593:
7590:
7589:
7586:
7585:
7582:
7581:
7388:UCMP Tree of Life
7350:978-0-253-34817-3
7201:(6030): 705–708.
6021:978-0-253-01385-9
5996:978-0-253-01385-9
5926:(5736): 296–298.
5868:(5697): 560–562.
5614:Brachylophosaurus
5483:Brachylophosaurus
5288:hadrosaur genera
5102:Brachylophosaurus
5076:Charles R. Knight
5057:
5056:
5042:
4900:
4899:
4891:
4890:
4882:
4881:
4873:
4872:
4864:
4863:
4855:
4854:
4846:
4845:
4837:
4836:
4828:
4827:
4819:
4818:
4810:
4809:
4801:
4800:
4792:
4791:
4783:
4782:
4774:
4773:
4765:
4764:
4756:
4755:
4747:
4746:
4738:
4737:
4595:
4594:
4586:
4585:
4396:
4395:
4329:
4328:
4320:
4319:
4311:
4310:
4109:
4108:
4100:
4099:
4091:
4090:
3921:
3920:
3912:
3911:
3903:
3902:
3894:
3893:
3885:
3884:
3876:
3875:
3867:
3866:
3858:
3857:
3762:
3761:
3668:
3667:
3659:
3658:
3553:
3552:
3544:
3543:
3535:
3534:
3526:
3525:
3517:
3516:
3508:
3507:
3451:
3450:
3387:
3386:
3316:
3315:
3211:Naashoibitosaurus
3179:
3178:
3170:
3169:
3161:
3160:
3152:
3151:
3110:Brachylophosaurus
2820:
2819:
2811:
2810:
2802:
2801:
2793:
2792:
2784:
2783:
2775:
2774:
2766:
2765:
2757:
2756:
2748:
2747:
2739:
2738:
2730:
2729:
2721:
2720:
2712:
2711:
2703:
2702:
2694:
2693:
2556:
2555:
2547:
2546:
2412:
2411:
2403:
2402:
2394:
2393:
2385:
2384:
2376:
2375:
2229:Naashoibitosaurus
2197:
2196:
2179:Brachylophosaurus
2090:
2089:
2081:
2080:
2072:
2071:
2063:
2062:
2054:
2053:
2045:
2044:
2036:
2035:
2027:
2026:
2018:
2017:
2009:
2008:
1878:
1877:
1869:
1868:
1669:
1668:
1592:
1591:
1281:
1280:
961:Austrokritosauria
817:doubtful validity
785:Hadrosaurus minor
530:
529:
277:
16:(Redirected from
9952:
9905:
9904:
9892:
9891:
9879:
9878:
9866:
9865:
9853:
9852:
9840:
9839:
9827:
9826:
9814:
9813:
9812:
9799:
9798:
9797:
9767:
9766:
9740:mummy S.M. R4036
9614:Microhadrosaurus
9607:Mandschurosaurus
9417:Camptosaurichnus
9410:Bonaparteichnium
9383:
9382:
9376:Related articles
9372:
9371:
9361:
9355:
9350:
9345:
9344:
9337:
9058:
9057:
8939:Parasaurolophini
8850:Angulomastacator
8828:
8827:
8769:
8768:
8688:Shuangmiaosaurus
8589:Huehuecanauhtlus
8575:Gongpoquansaurus
8489:
8488:
8478:
8477:
8465:
8464:
8454:
8448:
8447:
8440:
8294:
8293:
8289:Hadrosauriformes
8257:Ratchasimasaurus
8122:
8121:
8014:
8013:
8010:
8009:
7892:Muttaburrasaurus
7868:
7867:
7801:Muttaburrasaurus
7715:Atlascopcosaurus
7650:Thescelosauridae
7628:
7627:
7624:
7623:
7613:
7612:
7600:
7599:
7542:
7541:
7515:
7514:
7506:
7505:
7499:
7498:
7442:
7441:
7427:
7420:
7413:
7404:
7403:
7377:
7375:Dinosaurs portal
7372:
7371:
7370:
7355:
7354:
7336:
7330:
7329:
7327:
7326:
7299:
7293:
7292:
7250:
7241:
7235:
7234:
7190:
7184:
7180:
7157:
7156:
7136:
7130:
7129:
7089:
7083:
7082:
7072:
7062:
7030:
7019:
7018:
7000:
6998:10.1002/ar.20984
6991:(9): 1315–1337.
6976:
6963:
6962:
6942:
6933:
6932:
6930:
6906:
6900:
6899:
6889:
6879:
6847:
6841:
6840:
6804:
6798:
6797:
6787:
6777:
6753:
6747:
6743:
6737:
6736:
6734:
6733:
6724:. Archived from
6713:
6704:
6703:
6663:
6657:
6656:
6654:
6653:
6644:. Archived from
6628:
6619:
6618:
6616:
6615:
6598:
6592:
6591:
6581:
6571:
6539:
6533:
6532:
6530:
6529:
6518:
6512:
6511:
6501:
6491:
6455:
6449:
6448:
6408:
6402:
6401:
6361:
6355:
6354:
6344:
6334:
6298:
6292:
6291:
6270:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6237:
6224:
6223:
6207:
6201:
6200:
6190:
6158:
6152:
6151:
6141:
6131:
6098:
6092:
6091:
6081:
6048:(24): eadg2456.
6042:Science Advances
6032:
6026:
6025:
6007:
6001:
6000:
5982:
5976:
5970:
5964:
5958:
5952:
5951:
5940:10.1038/282296a0
5915:
5909:
5908:
5900:
5894:
5893:
5882:10.1038/277560a0
5857:
5851:
5850:
5842:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5798:
5787:
5781:
5766:
5765:
5725:
5719:
5718:
5709:(8): 1205–1227.
5698:
5685:
5684:
5666:
5637:
5294:(adult specimen
5052:
5049:
5043:
5041:
5000:
4979:
4971:
4729:
4728:
4705:
4704:
4688:
4687:
4674:
4673:
4650:
4649:
4626:
4625:
4617:Angulomastacator
4609:
4608:
4577:
4576:
4552:
4551:
4534:
4533:
4510:
4509:
4503:
4502:
4489:
4488:
4472:
4471:
4458:
4457:
4441:
4440:
4427:
4426:
4410:
4409:
4370:
4369:
4353:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4302:
4301:
4278:
4277:
4261:
4260:
4247:
4246:
4229:
4228:
4215:
4214:
4198:
4197:
4192:Parasaurolophini
4188:
4187:
4171:
4170:
4154:
4153:
4140:
4139:
4123:
4122:
4082:
4081:
4058:
4057:
4041:
4040:
4027:
4026:
4010:
4009:
3996:
3995:
3979:
3978:
3969:
3968:
3955:
3954:
3938:
3937:
3849:
3848:
3825:
3824:
3807:
3806:
3793:
3792:
3776:
3775:
3753:
3752:
3729:
3728:
3712:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3685:
3684:
3650:
3649:
3625:
3624:
3608:
3607:
3594:
3593:
3577:
3576:
3567:
3566:
3499:
3498:
3465:
3464:
3442:
3441:
3408:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3378:
3377:
3354:
3353:
3337:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3307:
3306:
3283:
3282:
3266:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3234:
3233:
3220:
3219:
3203:
3202:
3193:
3192:
3143:
3142:
3119:
3118:
3102:
3101:
3088:
3087:
3071:
3070:
3057:
3056:
3040:
3039:
3026:
3025:
3009:
3008:
2999:
2998:
2985:
2984:
2968:
2967:
2958:
2957:
2931:
2930:
2907:
2906:
2883:
2882:
2859:
2858:
2835:
2834:
2827:
2826:
2685:
2684:
2674:
2658:
2657:
2647:
2638:
2637:
2624:
2623:
2613:
2604:
2603:
2590:
2589:
2579:
2570:
2569:
2538:
2537:
2527:
2511:
2510:
2500:
2491:
2490:
2477:
2476:
2466:
2457:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2435:
2426:
2425:
2367:
2366:
2356:
2347:
2346:
2329:
2320:
2319:
2306:
2305:
2295:
2286:
2285:
2272:
2271:
2261:
2252:
2251:
2238:
2237:
2227:
2218:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2188:
2187:
2177:
2161:
2160:
2150:
2134:
2133:
2123:
2114:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2000:
1999:
1989:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1939:
1938:
1928:
1912:
1911:
1901:
1892:
1891:
1856:
1840:
1839:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1806:
1805:
1795:
1786:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1759:
1751:
1750:
1737:
1736:
1726:
1717:
1716:
1703:
1702:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1660:
1659:
1649:
1633:
1632:
1622:
1613:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1583:
1582:
1572:
1556:
1555:
1545:
1536:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1515:
1514:
1504:
1488:
1487:
1477:
1468:
1467:
1454:
1453:
1443:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1410:
1393:
1384:
1383:
1366:
1357:
1356:
1349:
1331:
1322:
1321:
1304:
1295:
1294:
1268:
1248:
1239:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1207:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1014:Parasaurolophini
847:about the group
734:
726:
719:
669:Illustration of
640:dental batteries
621:Early Cretaceous
570:
563:
553:
546:
524:
516:
508:
500:
492:
462:
454:
442:
432:
421:
410:
400:
389:
379:
369:
359:
348:
337:
327:
317:
291:
272:
267:
256:Hadrosauromorpha
254:
238:
222:
206:
150:
149:
122:
112:
49:
38:Temporal range:
32:
31:
21:
9960:
9959:
9955:
9954:
9953:
9951:
9950:
9949:
9915:
9914:
9913:
9908:
9900:
9895:
9887:
9882:
9874:
9869:
9861:
9856:
9848:
9843:
9835:
9830:
9822:
9817:
9808:
9807:
9802:
9793:
9792:
9787:
9774:
9764:
9751:
9732:mummy AMNH 5060
9699:Dakota (fossil)
9675:
9526:
9506:
9494:Tetrapodosaurus
9445:Hadrosaurichnus
9377:
9362:
9339:
9313:
9308:Shantungosaurus
9258:
9239:Augustynolophus
9224:
9168:
9142:Bonapartesaurus
9127:
9071:
9043:
8974:
8962:Parasaurolophus
8933:
8817:
8765:
8756:
8681:Qianjiangsaurus
8667:Probactrosaurus
8646:Penelopognathus
8485:
8472:
8455:
8442:
8412:
8392:
8349:
8283:
8264:Riabininohadros
8137:Bayannurosaurus
8118:
8105:
8041:
8006:
7989:
7934:
7904:Tenontosauridae
7898:
7857:
7693:
7672:Gideonmantellia
7656:
7620:
7607:
7578:
7558:
7531:
7525:Avemetatarsalia
7510:Avemetatarsalia
7500:
7447:
7446:
7436:
7431:
7373:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7358:
7351:
7337:
7333:
7324:
7322:
7300:
7296:
7259:(11): 495–500.
7248:
7242:
7238:
7191:
7187:
7181:
7160:
7137:
7133:
7090:
7086:
7031:
7022:
6977:
6966:
6943:
6936:
6907:
6903:
6848:
6844:
6805:
6801:
6754:
6750:
6744:
6740:
6731:
6729:
6714:
6707:
6664:
6660:
6651:
6649:
6629:
6622:
6613:
6611:
6599:
6595:
6540:
6536:
6527:
6525:
6520:
6519:
6515:
6456:
6452:
6409:
6405:
6376:(2): e1054495.
6362:
6358:
6299:
6295:
6288:
6274:Glut, Donald F.
6271:
6267:
6238:
6227:
6208:
6204:
6159:
6155:
6099:
6095:
6033:
6029:
6022:
6008:
6004:
5997:
5983:
5979:
5971:
5967:
5959:
5955:
5916:
5912:
5901:
5897:
5858:
5854:
5843:
5839:
5802:Ostrom, John H.
5799:
5790:
5782:
5769:
5740:(10): 479–482.
5726:
5722:
5715:10.1139/e01-016
5699:
5688:
5638:
5634:
5630:
5622:Osteochondrosis
5603:
5569:
5543:
5489:Parasaurolophus
5428:
5352:olfactory bulbs
5330:Endocast of an
5173:
5068:
5062:
5053:
5047:
5044:
5007:"Hadrosauridae"
5001:
4999:
4985:
4980:
4969:
4906:
4901:
4892:
4883:
4874:
4865:
4856:
4847:
4838:
4829:
4820:
4811:
4802:
4793:
4784:
4775:
4766:
4757:
4748:
4739:
4723:
4699:
4668:
4644:
4620:
4596:
4587:
4571:
4546:
4483:
4452:
4421:
4397:
4364:
4330:
4321:
4312:
4296:
4272:
4241:
4237:Parasaurolophus
4209:
4165:
4134:
4110:
4101:
4092:
4076:
4052:
4021:
3990:
3949:
3922:
3913:
3904:
3895:
3886:
3877:
3868:
3859:
3843:
3840:Shantungosaurus
3819:
3787:
3763:
3747:
3723:
3669:
3660:
3644:
3619:
3616:Augustynolophus
3588:
3554:
3545:
3536:
3527:
3518:
3509:
3493:
3452:
3436:
3388:
3372:
3348:
3345:Bonapartesaurus
3317:
3301:
3277:
3214:
3180:
3171:
3162:
3153:
3137:
3113:
3082:
3051:
3020:
2979:
2821:
2812:
2803:
2794:
2785:
2776:
2767:
2758:
2749:
2740:
2731:
2722:
2713:
2704:
2695:
2679:
2652:
2649:Shantungosaurus
2618:
2584:
2557:
2548:
2532:
2505:
2502:Augustynolophus
2471:
2413:
2404:
2395:
2386:
2377:
2361:
2300:
2266:
2232:
2198:
2182:
2155:
2128:
2091:
2082:
2073:
2064:
2055:
2046:
2037:
2028:
2019:
2010:
1994:
1967:
1933:
1906:
1879:
1870:
1834:
1800:
1731:
1697:
1670:
1654:
1651:Parasaurolophus
1627:
1593:
1577:
1550:
1509:
1482:
1448:
1429:
1414:
1352:
1282:
1160:TNT version 1.0
1103:Parasaurolophus
1084:
988:
941:
751:T. occidentalis
749:and remains of
736:
728:
721:
663:
610:Late Cretaceous
601:Parasaurolophus
522:
520:Ornithotarsidae
514:
506:
498:
486:
414:Penelopognathus
303:
297:
271:
265:
252:
236:
220:
204:
144:
113:
111:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
44:
43:
40:Late Cretaceous
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9958:
9948:
9947:
9942:
9937:
9932:
9927:
9910:
9909:
9907:
9906:
9893:
9880:
9867:
9854:
9841:
9828:
9815:
9800:
9784:
9782:
9776:
9775:
9761:
9760:
9757:
9756:
9753:
9752:
9750:
9749:
9742:
9734:
9726:
9721:
9711:
9709:Hypsilophodont
9706:
9704:Hadrosaur diet
9701:
9696:
9691:
9683:
9681:
9680:Other articles
9677:
9676:
9674:
9673:
9666:
9659:
9652:
9645:
9642:Stephanosaurus
9638:
9631:
9624:
9617:
9610:
9603:
9596:
9589:
9582:
9579:Fulgurotherium
9575:
9568:
9561:
9553:
9546:
9538:
9536:
9528:
9527:
9525:
9524:
9516:
9514:
9508:
9507:
9505:
9504:
9497:
9490:
9483:
9476:
9469:
9462:
9455:
9452:Iguanodontipus
9448:
9441:
9434:
9427:
9420:
9413:
9406:
9399:
9391:
9389:
9379:
9378:
9368:
9367:
9364:
9363:
9332:
9330:
9327:
9326:
9323:
9322:
9319:
9318:
9315:
9314:
9312:
9311:
9304:
9301:Laiyangosaurus
9297:
9290:
9283:
9276:
9268:
9266:
9264:Edmontosaurini
9260:
9259:
9257:
9256:
9249:
9246:Prosaurolophus
9242:
9234:
9232:
9226:
9225:
9223:
9222:
9215:
9208:
9201:
9194:
9191:Coahuilasaurus
9187:
9178:
9176:
9170:
9169:
9167:
9166:
9159:
9152:
9145:
9137:
9135:
9129:
9128:
9126:
9125:
9117:
9110:
9103:
9096:
9089:
9081:
9079:
9073:
9072:
9070:
9069:
9061:
9055:
9049:
9048:
9045:
9044:
9042:
9041:
9034:
9027:
9020:
9013:
9006:
8999:
8992:
8984:
8982:
8976:
8975:
8973:
8972:
8965:
8958:
8951:
8943:
8941:
8935:
8934:
8932:
8931:
8924:
8917:
8910:
8903:
8895:
8888:
8881:
8874:
8867:
8860:
8853:
8846:
8839:
8831:
8825:
8823:Lambeosaurinae
8819:
8818:
8816:
8815:
8808:
8801:
8794:
8787:
8780:
8772:
8766:
8761:
8758:
8757:
8755:
8754:
8747:
8740:
8733:
8726:
8719:
8712:
8705:
8698:
8691:
8684:
8677:
8670:
8663:
8656:
8649:
8642:
8639:Nanyangosaurus
8635:
8632:Nanningosaurus
8628:
8621:
8614:
8606:
8599:
8592:
8585:
8578:
8571:
8564:
8561:Gilmoreosaurus
8557:
8550:
8543:
8536:
8529:
8522:
8515:
8507:
8500:
8492:
8486:
8483:Hadrosauroidea
8481:
8474:
8473:
8470:Hadrosauroidea
8461:
8460:
8457:
8456:
8435:
8433:
8430:
8429:
8426:
8425:
8422:
8421:
8418:
8417:
8414:
8413:
8411:
8410:
8409:
8408:
8402:
8400:
8398:Hadrosauroidea
8394:
8393:
8391:
8390:
8386:Mantellisaurus
8382:
8375:
8368:
8359:
8357:
8355:Iguanodontidae
8351:
8350:
8348:
8347:
8340:
8333:
8330:Mantellisaurus
8326:
8319:
8312:
8305:
8297:
8291:
8285:
8284:
8282:
8281:
8274:
8267:
8260:
8253:
8246:
8239:
8232:
8225:
8218:
8211:
8204:
8197:
8194:Iguanacolossus
8190:
8183:
8176:
8169:
8161:
8154:
8147:
8140:
8133:
8125:
8119:
8116:Ankylopollexia
8114:
8111:
8110:
8107:
8106:
8104:
8103:
8096:
8088:
8080:
8077:Eousdryosaurus
8073:
8066:
8063:Dysalotosaurus
8059:
8051:
8049:
8043:
8042:
8040:
8039:
8032:
8025:
8017:
8007:
8002:
7999:
7998:
7995:
7994:
7991:
7990:
7988:
7987:
7980:
7973:
7966:
7959:
7952:
7944:
7942:
7940:Rhabdodontidae
7936:
7935:
7933:
7932:
7925:
7918:
7909:
7907:
7900:
7899:
7897:
7896:
7888:
7880:
7871:
7865:
7859:
7858:
7856:
7855:
7851:Weewarrasaurus
7847:
7840:
7833:
7826:
7819:
7812:
7805:
7797:
7790:
7783:
7776:
7773:Leaellynasaura
7769:
7761:
7754:
7751:Gasparinisaura
7747:
7744:Galleonosaurus
7740:
7732:
7725:
7718:
7711:
7703:
7701:
7695:
7694:
7692:
7691:
7683:
7676:
7667:
7665:
7658:
7657:
7655:
7654:
7646:
7639:
7631:
7621:
7616:
7609:
7608:
7596:
7595:
7592:
7591:
7588:
7587:
7584:
7583:
7580:
7579:
7577:
7576:
7575:
7574:
7568:
7566:
7560:
7559:
7557:
7556:
7555:
7554:
7545:
7539:
7533:
7532:
7530:
7529:
7528:
7527:
7518:
7512:
7502:
7501:
7497:
7496:
7487:
7485:Neornithischia
7478:
7469:
7460:
7454:
7438:
7437:
7430:
7429:
7422:
7415:
7407:
7401:
7400:
7395:
7390:
7385:
7379:
7378:
7362:
7361:External links
7359:
7357:
7356:
7349:
7331:
7294:
7236:
7185:
7158:
7131:
7104:(265): 83–86.
7084:
7045:(11): e78899.
7020:
6964:
6953:(1): 429–448.
6934:
6901:
6842:
6799:
6748:
6738:
6705:
6678:(9): 624–635.
6658:
6634:(2009-06-29).
6620:
6593:
6534:
6513:
6450:
6403:
6356:
6293:
6286:
6265:
6252:(2): 435–502.
6225:
6202:
6153:
6093:
6027:
6020:
6002:
5995:
5977:
5965:
5953:
5910:
5895:
5852:
5837:
5816:(8): 975–997.
5788:
5767:
5720:
5686:
5649:(3): 612–614.
5631:
5629:
5626:
5602:
5599:
5584:Prosaurolophus
5568:
5565:
5542:
5539:
5497:Devil's Coulee
5427:
5424:
5279:The advent of
5270:coelurosaurian
5172:
5169:
5066:Hadrosaur diet
5064:Main article:
5061:
5058:
5055:
5054:
4990:. Please help
4983:
4981:
4974:
4968:
4965:
4953:Lambeosaurinae
4905:
4902:
4898:
4897:
4894:
4893:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4871:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4853:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4844:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4835:
4834:
4831:
4830:
4826:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4817:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4808:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4798:
4795:
4794:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4781:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4772:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4754:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4745:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4736:
4735:
4732:
4731:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4708:
4707:
4691:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4653:
4652:
4636:
4633:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4612:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4584:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4537:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4523:
4522:
4513:
4508:
4506:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4475:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4461:
4460:
4444:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4413:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4356:
4351:
4349:
4344:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4264:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4232:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4201:
4196:
4194:
4186:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4157:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4126:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4098:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4044:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4013:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3982:
3977:
3975:
3973:Tsintaosaurini
3967:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3941:
3936:
3934:
3932:Lambeosaurinae
3928:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3810:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3779:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3744:Laiyangosaurus
3739:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3715:
3710:
3708:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3681:
3679:Edmontosaurini
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3628:
3627:
3611:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3585:Prosaurolophus
3580:
3575:
3573:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3514:
3511:
3510:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3468:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3411:
3406:
3404:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3340:
3335:
3333:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3269:
3264:
3262:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3237:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3206:
3201:
3199:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3105:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3074:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3043:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3012:
3007:
3005:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2971:
2966:
2964:
2956:
2954:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2934:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2910:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2886:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2867:Nanyangosaurus
2862:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2838:
2833:
2831:
2830:Hadrosauridae
2825:
2818:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2641:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2607:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2573:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2494:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2468:Prosaurolophus
2460:
2455:
2453:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2429:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2350:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2323:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2289:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2255:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2221:
2216:
2214:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1895:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1823:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1754:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1720:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1686:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1616:
1611:
1609:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1539:
1534:
1532:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1427:Lambeosaurinae
1422:
1417:
1415:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1360:
1355:
1353:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1325:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1198:
1177:Lambeosaurinae
1139:Premaxilla of
1083:
1080:
1049:Tsintaosaurini
1025:magnicristatus
998:Lambeosaurinae
987:
986:Classification
984:
973:Tsintaosaurini
940:
937:
931:The Dinosauria
922:John R. Horner
894:John R. Horner
882:John H. Ostrom
823:(belonging to
662:
659:
644:Lambeosaurinae
632:ornithischians
528:
527:
526:
525:
517:
512:Cheneosauridae
509:
504:Lambeosauridae
501:
493:
484:Trachodontidae
478:
477:
471:
470:
469:
468:
467:
466:
458:
456:Lambeosaurinae
438:
428:
417:
406:
396:
385:
375:
365:
355:
344:
333:
323:
310:
309:
305:
304:
298:
286:
285:
279:
278:
263:
259:
258:
250:
243:
242:
234:
227:
226:
224:Neornithischia
218:
211:
210:
202:
195:
194:
189:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
138:
137:
124:
123:
115:
114:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
37:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9957:
9946:
9943:
9941:
9938:
9936:
9933:
9931:
9928:
9926:
9923:
9922:
9920:
9903:
9898:
9894:
9890:
9885:
9881:
9877:
9872:
9868:
9864:
9859:
9855:
9851:
9846:
9842:
9838:
9833:
9829:
9825:
9820:
9816:
9811:
9810:Hadrosauridae
9805:
9801:
9796:
9790:
9786:
9785:
9783:
9781:
9780:Hadrosauridae
9777:
9773:
9768:
9748:
9747:
9743:
9741:
9739:
9738:Edmontosaurus
9735:
9733:
9731:
9730:Edmontosaurus
9727:
9725:
9722:
9719:
9715:
9712:
9710:
9707:
9705:
9702:
9700:
9697:
9695:
9692:
9690:
9689:
9685:
9684:
9682:
9678:
9672:
9671:
9667:
9665:
9664:
9660:
9658:
9657:
9653:
9651:
9650:
9649:Syngonosaurus
9646:
9644:
9643:
9639:
9637:
9636:
9632:
9630:
9629:
9625:
9623:
9622:
9618:
9616:
9615:
9611:
9609:
9608:
9604:
9602:
9601:
9597:
9595:
9594:
9593:Koutalisaurus
9590:
9588:
9587:
9583:
9581:
9580:
9576:
9574:
9573:
9572:Eucercosaurus
9569:
9567:
9566:
9562:
9559:
9558:
9554:
9552:
9551:
9547:
9545:
9544:
9543:Arstanosaurus
9540:
9539:
9537:
9535:
9534:
9529:
9523:
9522:
9518:
9517:
9515:
9513:
9509:
9503:
9502:
9498:
9496:
9495:
9491:
9489:
9488:
9484:
9482:
9481:
9477:
9475:
9474:
9470:
9468:
9467:
9463:
9461:
9460:
9459:Orcauichnites
9456:
9454:
9453:
9449:
9447:
9446:
9442:
9440:
9439:
9435:
9433:
9432:
9428:
9426:
9425:
9421:
9419:
9418:
9414:
9412:
9411:
9407:
9405:
9404:
9400:
9398:
9397:
9396:Amblydactylus
9393:
9392:
9390:
9388:
9384:
9380:
9373:
9369:
9360:
9356:
9354:
9349:
9343:
9336:
9310:
9309:
9305:
9303:
9302:
9298:
9296:
9295:
9294:Kundurosaurus
9291:
9289:
9288:
9287:Kerberosaurus
9284:
9282:
9281:
9277:
9275:
9274:
9273:Edmontosaurus
9270:
9269:
9267:
9265:
9261:
9255:
9254:
9250:
9248:
9247:
9243:
9241:
9240:
9236:
9235:
9233:
9231:
9227:
9221:
9220:
9216:
9214:
9213:
9209:
9207:
9206:
9202:
9200:
9199:
9195:
9193:
9192:
9188:
9185:
9184:
9183:Anasazisaurus
9180:
9179:
9177:
9175:
9171:
9165:
9164:
9163:Secernosaurus
9160:
9158:
9157:
9156:Kelumapusaura
9153:
9151:
9150:
9146:
9144:
9143:
9139:
9138:
9136:
9134:
9130:
9123:
9122:
9118:
9116:
9115:
9111:
9109:
9108:
9104:
9102:
9101:
9097:
9095:
9094:
9090:
9088:
9087:
9083:
9082:
9080:
9078:
9074:
9068:
9067:
9063:
9062:
9059:
9056:
9054:
9053:Saurolophinae
9050:
9040:
9039:
9035:
9033:
9032:
9028:
9026:
9025:
9021:
9019:
9018:
9014:
9012:
9011:
9007:
9005:
9004:
9003:Hypacrosaurus
9000:
8998:
8997:
8996:Corythosaurus
8993:
8991:
8990:
8986:
8985:
8983:
8981:
8980:Lambeosaurini
8977:
8971:
8970:
8966:
8964:
8963:
8959:
8957:
8956:
8955:Charonosaurus
8952:
8950:
8949:
8945:
8944:
8942:
8940:
8936:
8930:
8929:
8928:Tsintaosaurus
8925:
8923:
8922:
8921:Pararhabdodon
8918:
8916:
8915:
8914:Nipponosaurus
8911:
8909:
8908:
8904:
8901:
8900:
8896:
8894:
8893:
8889:
8887:
8886:
8885:Jaxartosaurus
8882:
8880:
8879:
8875:
8873:
8872:
8868:
8866:
8865:
8861:
8859:
8858:
8854:
8852:
8851:
8847:
8845:
8844:
8840:
8838:
8837:
8836:Adynomosaurus
8833:
8832:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8820:
8814:
8813:
8809:
8807:
8806:
8802:
8800:
8799:
8798:Lapampasaurus
8795:
8793:
8792:
8788:
8786:
8785:
8781:
8779:
8778:
8774:
8773:
8770:
8767:
8764:
8763:Hadrosauridae
8759:
8753:
8752:
8748:
8746:
8745:
8744:Zhanghenglong
8741:
8739:
8738:
8734:
8732:
8731:
8727:
8725:
8724:
8720:
8718:
8717:
8716:Telmatosaurus
8713:
8711:
8710:
8706:
8704:
8703:
8699:
8697:
8696:
8692:
8690:
8689:
8685:
8683:
8682:
8678:
8676:
8675:
8671:
8669:
8668:
8664:
8662:
8661:
8660:Portellsaurus
8657:
8655:
8654:
8650:
8648:
8647:
8643:
8641:
8640:
8636:
8634:
8633:
8629:
8627:
8626:
8622:
8620:
8619:
8615:
8612:
8611:
8607:
8605:
8604:
8600:
8598:
8597:
8593:
8591:
8590:
8586:
8584:
8583:
8579:
8577:
8576:
8572:
8570:
8569:
8565:
8563:
8562:
8558:
8556:
8555:
8551:
8549:
8548:
8544:
8542:
8541:
8537:
8535:
8534:
8530:
8528:
8527:
8523:
8521:
8520:
8516:
8513:
8512:
8508:
8506:
8505:
8501:
8499:
8498:
8494:
8493:
8490:
8487:
8484:
8479:
8475:
8471:
8466:
8462:
8453:
8449:
8446:
8439:
8406:
8405:
8404:
8403:
8401:
8399:
8395:
8388:
8387:
8383:
8381:
8380:
8376:
8374:
8373:
8369:
8366:
8365:
8361:
8360:
8358:
8356:
8352:
8346:
8345:
8341:
8339:
8338:
8334:
8332:
8331:
8327:
8325:
8324:
8323:Jinzhousaurus
8320:
8318:
8317:
8316:Hypselospinus
8313:
8311:
8310:
8306:
8304:
8303:
8299:
8298:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8286:
8280:
8279:
8275:
8273:
8272:
8271:Theiophytalia
8268:
8266:
8265:
8261:
8259:
8258:
8254:
8252:
8251:
8247:
8245:
8244:
8240:
8238:
8237:
8233:
8231:
8230:
8226:
8224:
8223:
8219:
8217:
8216:
8212:
8210:
8209:
8205:
8203:
8202:
8201:Lanzhousaurus
8198:
8196:
8195:
8191:
8189:
8188:
8184:
8182:
8181:
8177:
8175:
8174:
8170:
8167:
8166:
8162:
8160:
8159:
8155:
8153:
8152:
8148:
8146:
8145:
8141:
8139:
8138:
8134:
8132:
8131:
8127:
8126:
8123:
8120:
8117:
8112:
8102:
8101:
8097:
8094:
8093:
8089:
8086:
8085:
8081:
8079:
8078:
8074:
8072:
8071:
8070:Elrhazosaurus
8067:
8065:
8064:
8060:
8058:
8057:
8053:
8052:
8050:
8048:
8044:
8038:
8037:
8033:
8031:
8030:
8026:
8024:
8023:
8019:
8018:
8015:
8011:
8008:
8005:
8000:
7986:
7985:
7981:
7979:
7978:
7974:
7972:
7971:
7967:
7965:
7964:
7960:
7958:
7957:
7953:
7951:
7950:
7946:
7945:
7943:
7941:
7937:
7931:
7930:
7929:Tenontosaurus
7926:
7924:
7923:
7919:
7916:
7915:
7914:Convolosaurus
7911:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7901:
7894:
7893:
7889:
7886:
7885:
7881:
7878:
7877:
7876:Ampelognathus
7873:
7872:
7869:
7866:
7864:
7860:
7853:
7852:
7848:
7846:
7845:
7841:
7839:
7838:
7834:
7832:
7831:
7827:
7825:
7824:
7820:
7818:
7817:
7813:
7811:
7810:
7806:
7803:
7802:
7798:
7796:
7795:
7791:
7789:
7788:
7787:Mahuidacursor
7784:
7782:
7781:
7777:
7775:
7774:
7770:
7767:
7766:
7762:
7760:
7759:
7755:
7753:
7752:
7748:
7746:
7745:
7741:
7738:
7737:
7733:
7731:
7730:
7726:
7724:
7723:
7719:
7717:
7716:
7712:
7710:
7709:
7705:
7704:
7702:
7700:
7696:
7689:
7688:
7684:
7682:
7681:
7680:Hypsilophodon
7677:
7674:
7673:
7669:
7668:
7666:
7663:
7659:
7652:
7651:
7647:
7645:
7644:
7643:Callovosaurus
7640:
7638:
7637:
7636:Burianosaurus
7633:
7632:
7629:
7625:
7622:
7619:
7614:
7610:
7606:
7601:
7597:
7572:
7571:
7570:
7569:
7567:
7565:
7561:
7553:
7549:
7548:
7547:
7546:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7534:
7526:
7522:
7521:
7520:
7519:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7507:
7503:
7495:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7455:
7453:
7449:
7448:
7443:
7439:
7435:
7428:
7423:
7421:
7416:
7414:
7409:
7408:
7405:
7399:
7396:
7394:
7391:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7380:
7376:
7365:
7352:
7346:
7342:
7335:
7321:on 2007-11-17
7320:
7316:
7312:
7308:
7304:
7298:
7290:
7286:
7282:
7278:
7274:
7270:
7266:
7262:
7258:
7254:
7247:
7240:
7232:
7228:
7224:
7220:
7216:
7212:
7208:
7204:
7200:
7196:
7189:
7179:
7177:
7175:
7173:
7171:
7169:
7167:
7165:
7163:
7154:
7150:
7146:
7142:
7135:
7127:
7123:
7119:
7115:
7111:
7107:
7103:
7099:
7095:
7088:
7080:
7076:
7071:
7066:
7061:
7056:
7052:
7048:
7044:
7040:
7036:
7029:
7027:
7025:
7016:
7012:
7008:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6990:
6986:
6982:
6975:
6973:
6971:
6969:
6960:
6956:
6952:
6948:
6941:
6939:
6929:
6924:
6920:
6916:
6912:
6905:
6897:
6893:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6869:
6865:
6861:
6857:
6853:
6846:
6838:
6834:
6830:
6826:
6822:
6818:
6814:
6810:
6803:
6795:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6767:
6763:
6759:
6752:
6742:
6727:
6723:
6719:
6712:
6710:
6701:
6697:
6693:
6689:
6685:
6681:
6677:
6673:
6669:
6662:
6648:on 2009-07-02
6647:
6643:
6642:
6637:
6633:
6627:
6625:
6610:
6609:
6604:
6597:
6589:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6561:
6557:
6553:
6549:
6545:
6538:
6523:
6517:
6509:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6481:
6477:
6474:(2): e31295.
6473:
6469:
6465:
6463:
6454:
6446:
6442:
6438:
6434:
6430:
6426:
6422:
6418:
6414:
6407:
6399:
6395:
6391:
6387:
6383:
6379:
6375:
6371:
6367:
6360:
6352:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6324:
6320:
6317:(7): e69835.
6316:
6312:
6308:
6306:
6297:
6289:
6287:0-89950-917-7
6283:
6279:
6275:
6269:
6260:
6255:
6251:
6247:
6243:
6236:
6234:
6232:
6230:
6221:
6217:
6213:
6206:
6198:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6180:
6176:
6172:
6168:
6164:
6157:
6149:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6121:
6117:
6113:
6109:
6105:
6097:
6089:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6071:
6067:
6063:
6059:
6055:
6051:
6047:
6043:
6039:
6031:
6023:
6017:
6013:
6006:
5998:
5992:
5988:
5981:
5975:
5969:
5963:
5957:
5949:
5945:
5941:
5937:
5933:
5929:
5925:
5921:
5914:
5906:
5899:
5891:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5875:
5871:
5867:
5863:
5856:
5848:
5841:
5832:
5827:
5823:
5819:
5815:
5811:
5807:
5803:
5797:
5795:
5793:
5786:
5780:
5778:
5776:
5774:
5772:
5763:
5759:
5755:
5751:
5747:
5743:
5739:
5735:
5731:
5724:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5704:
5697:
5695:
5693:
5691:
5682:
5678:
5674:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5636:
5632:
5625:
5623:
5619:
5618:Edmontosaurus
5615:
5611:
5607:
5598:
5596:
5592:
5591:
5586:
5585:
5580:
5579:
5578:Corythosaurus
5574:
5573:scleral rings
5564:
5560:
5554:
5553:
5547:
5538:
5535:
5531:
5527:
5521:
5518:
5514:
5511:
5506:
5502:
5498:
5493:
5491:
5490:
5485:
5484:
5478:
5474:
5470:
5466:
5462:
5457:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5437:
5432:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5412:Tyrannosaurus
5409:
5408:Hypacrosaurus
5405:
5401:
5397:
5396:
5391:
5390:
5385:
5381:
5380:
5375:
5373:
5372:
5371:Archaeopteryx
5367:
5366:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5340:Hypacrosaurus
5333:
5328:
5324:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5312:
5307:
5303:
5302:
5301:Corythosaurus
5297:
5293:
5292:
5291:Hypacrosaurus
5287:
5286:lambeosaurine
5282:
5277:
5275:
5274:intraspecific
5271:
5267:
5263:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5252:
5247:
5246:Edmontosaurus
5243:
5239:
5235:
5234:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5211:
5210:
5205:
5201:
5197:
5196:ornithischian
5193:
5186:
5182:
5177:
5168:
5166:
5162:
5158:
5157:
5151:
5146:
5144:
5143:invertebrates
5140:
5136:
5132:
5128:
5126:
5122:
5114:
5113:Edmontosaurus
5110:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5092:
5089:
5085:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5051:
5040:
5037:
5033:
5030:
5026:
5023:
5019:
5016:
5012:
5009: –
5008:
5004:
5003:Find sources:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4982:
4978:
4973:
4972:
4964:
4962:
4961:Hadrosaurinae
4958:
4957:Saurolophinae
4954:
4949:
4947:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4932:
4928:
4927:Edmontosaurus
4920:
4916:
4915:
4914:Edmontosaurus
4910:
4896:
4895:
4887:
4886:
4878:
4877:
4869:
4868:
4860:
4859:
4851:
4850:
4842:
4841:
4833:
4832:
4824:
4823:
4815:
4814:
4806:
4805:
4797:
4796:
4788:
4787:
4779:
4778:
4770:
4769:
4761:
4760:
4752:
4751:
4743:
4742:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4722:
4721:
4714:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4706:
4703:
4698:
4697:
4690:
4689:
4683:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4667:
4666:
4659:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4643:
4642:
4635:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4619:
4618:
4611:
4610:
4604:
4603:
4600:
4599:
4591:
4590:
4582:
4581:
4578:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4561:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4542:Corythosaurus
4536:
4535:
4529:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4519:
4512:
4511:
4505:
4504:
4498:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4482:
4481:
4474:
4473:
4467:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4451:
4450:
4443:
4442:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4420:
4419:
4412:
4411:
4405:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4392:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4386:
4379:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4371:
4368:
4363:
4362:
4355:
4354:
4348:
4347:
4341:
4340:Lambeosaurini
4338:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4325:
4324:
4316:
4315:
4307:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4295:
4294:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4271:
4270:
4263:
4262:
4256:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4231:
4230:
4224:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4208:
4207:
4206:Charonosaurus
4200:
4199:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4183:
4182:Corythosauria
4180:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4169:
4164:
4163:
4156:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4133:
4132:
4131:Jaxartosaurus
4125:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4105:
4104:
4096:
4095:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4075:
4074:
4073:Pararhabdodon
4067:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4059:
4056:
4051:
4050:
4043:
4042:
4036:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4020:
4019:
4018:Tsintaosaurus
4012:
4011:
4005:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3989:
3988:
3987:Adynomosaurus
3981:
3980:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3964:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3948:
3947:
3940:
3939:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3917:
3916:
3908:
3907:
3899:
3898:
3890:
3889:
3881:
3880:
3872:
3871:
3863:
3862:
3854:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3842:
3841:
3834:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3817:
3816:
3815:Edmontosaurus
3809:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3786:
3785:
3784:Kerberosaurus
3778:
3777:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3758:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3746:
3745:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3722:
3721:
3714:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3692:
3687:
3686:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3664:
3663:
3655:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3618:
3617:
3610:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3587:
3586:
3579:
3578:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3549:
3548:
3540:
3539:
3531:
3530:
3522:
3521:
3513:
3512:
3504:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3492:
3491:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3467:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3410:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3383:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3371:
3370:
3369:Secernosaurus
3363:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3347:
3346:
3339:
3338:
3332:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3300:
3299:
3292:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3276:
3275:
3268:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3236:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3213:
3212:
3205:
3204:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3175:
3174:
3166:
3165:
3157:
3156:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3136:
3135:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3081:
3080:
3073:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3050:
3049:
3042:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3019:
3018:
3011:
3010:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2978:
2977:
2970:
2969:
2963:
2962:Saurolophinae
2960:
2959:
2953:
2952:Euhadrosauria
2950:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2933:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2909:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2885:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2861:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2837:
2836:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2816:
2815:
2807:
2806:
2798:
2797:
2789:
2788:
2780:
2779:
2771:
2770:
2762:
2761:
2753:
2752:
2744:
2743:
2735:
2734:
2726:
2725:
2717:
2716:
2708:
2707:
2699:
2698:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2678:
2677:
2676:Edmontosaurus
2667:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2651:
2650:
2640:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2617:
2616:
2615:Kundurosaurus
2606:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2581:Kerberosaurus
2572:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2552:
2551:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2531:
2530:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2504:
2503:
2493:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2470:
2469:
2459:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2428:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2408:
2407:
2399:
2398:
2390:
2389:
2381:
2380:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2358:Secernosaurus
2349:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2322:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2299:
2298:
2288:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2265:
2264:
2254:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2231:
2230:
2220:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2193:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2181:
2180:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2127:
2126:
2116:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2102:
2101:Saurolophinae
2099:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2086:
2085:
2077:
2076:
2068:
2067:
2059:
2058:
2050:
2049:
2041:
2040:
2032:
2031:
2023:
2022:
2014:
2013:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1955:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1932:
1931:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1903:Hypacrosaurus
1894:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1874:
1873:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1822:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1788:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1761:Hypacrosaurus
1753:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1729:
1728:Corythosaurus
1719:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1696:
1695:
1685:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1624:Charonosaurus
1615:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1575:
1574:Pararhabdodon
1565:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1547:Tsintaosaurus
1538:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1508:
1507:
1506:Jaxartosaurus
1497:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1470:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1436:
1435:
1428:
1421:
1420:
1413:
1412:Saurolophidae
1406:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1386:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1359:
1358:
1351:
1350:Hadrosauridae
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1324:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1297:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1241:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1216:Telmatosaurus
1209:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1195:
1194:Saurolophinae
1191:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1156:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1130:Telmatosaurus
1127:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1119:Telmatosaurus
1115:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1067:
1061:
1060:Hadrosaurinae
1056:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1019:
1018:Lambeosaurini
1015:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:Saurolophinae
999:
995:
994:
983:
981:
979:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
957:Maastrichtian
954:
945:
936:
933:
932:
927:
923:
919:
918:
912:
908:
903:
901:
900:
895:
891:
887:
883:
876:
872:
871:
865:
861:
859:
854:
850:
846:
841:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
792:
787:
786:
776:
772:
770:
769:
763:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
735:
727:
720:
713:
709:
708:
703:
699:
698:
693:
689:
688:North America
685:
681:
674:
673:
667:
658:
656:
651:
649:
648:Saurolophinae
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
625:
624:iguanodontian
622:
618:
617:Late Jurassic
614:
611:
607:
603:
602:
597:
596:
595:Edmontosaurus
591:
587:
586:Hadrosauridae
583:
582:ornithischian
579:
576:
572:
569:
562:
558:
555:
552:
545:
541:
538:
537:Ancient Greek
534:
521:
518:
513:
510:
507:(Parks, 1923)
505:
502:
499:(Brown, 1914)
497:
496:Saurolophidae
494:
490:
485:
482:
481:
479:
476:
472:
465:
464:Saurolophinae
459:
457:
451:
450:
449:
448:Saurolophidae
445:
444:Euhadrosauria
439:
437:
436:
429:
427:
426:
418:
416:
415:
407:
405:
404:
397:
395:
394:
386:
384:
383:
376:
374:
373:
372:Lapampasaurus
366:
364:
363:
356:
354:
353:
345:
343:
342:
334:
332:
331:
324:
322:
321:
314:
313:
311:
306:
301:
296:
295:
287:
284:
280:
275:
270:
269:Hadrosauridae
264:
261:
260:
257:
251:
248:
245:
244:
241:
235:
232:
229:
228:
225:
219:
216:
213:
212:
209:
203:
200:
197:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
148:
143:
139:
136:
132:
131:
125:
121:
116:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
48:
41:
33:
30:
19:
18:Hadrosaurinae
9779:
9744:
9737:
9729:
9717:
9686:
9668:
9661:
9654:
9647:
9640:
9633:
9626:
9619:
9612:
9605:
9598:
9591:
9584:
9577:
9570:
9563:
9557:Claorhynchus
9555:
9548:
9541:
9533:Nomina dubia
9531:
9521:Guegoolithus
9519:
9499:
9492:
9487:Staurichnium
9485:
9480:Sousaichnium
9478:
9471:
9464:
9457:
9450:
9443:
9436:
9431:Dakotasaurus
9429:
9424:Caririchnium
9422:
9415:
9408:
9401:
9394:
9338:
9306:
9299:
9292:
9285:
9278:
9271:
9251:
9244:
9237:
9230:Saurolophini
9217:
9210:
9203:
9196:
9189:
9181:
9174:Kritosaurini
9161:
9154:
9149:Huallasaurus
9147:
9140:
9121:Wulagasaurus
9119:
9112:
9105:
9098:
9091:
9084:
9064:
9036:
9029:
9022:
9015:
9010:Lambeosaurus
9008:
9001:
8994:
8987:
8967:
8960:
8953:
8946:
8926:
8919:
8912:
8905:
8897:
8890:
8883:
8876:
8869:
8862:
8855:
8848:
8841:
8834:
8812:Yamatosaurus
8810:
8803:
8796:
8789:
8782:
8777:Aquilarhinus
8775:
8762:
8749:
8742:
8735:
8728:
8723:Tethyshadros
8721:
8714:
8707:
8700:
8693:
8686:
8679:
8672:
8665:
8658:
8653:Plesiohadros
8651:
8644:
8637:
8630:
8625:Lophorhothon
8623:
8616:
8608:
8601:
8594:
8587:
8580:
8573:
8566:
8559:
8552:
8545:
8538:
8531:
8524:
8517:
8511:Batyrosaurus
8509:
8504:Bactrosaurus
8502:
8495:
8441:
8384:
8377:
8370:
8362:
8344:Ouranosaurus
8342:
8335:
8328:
8321:
8314:
8309:Brighstoneus
8307:
8300:
8276:
8269:
8262:
8255:
8248:
8241:
8236:Osmakasaurus
8234:
8229:Oblitosaurus
8227:
8220:
8213:
8206:
8199:
8192:
8185:
8178:
8171:
8163:
8156:
8151:Camptosaurus
8149:
8142:
8135:
8128:
8098:
8092:Kangnasaurus
8090:
8082:
8075:
8068:
8061:
8054:
8047:Dryosauridae
8034:
8027:
8020:
7982:
7975:
7968:
7961:
7954:
7949:Matheronodon
7947:
7927:
7920:
7912:
7890:
7882:
7874:
7849:
7842:
7835:
7828:
7823:Sektensaurus
7821:
7816:Qantassaurus
7814:
7807:
7799:
7792:
7785:
7778:
7771:
7765:Kangnasaurus
7763:
7756:
7749:
7742:
7734:
7729:Diluvicursor
7727:
7720:
7713:
7706:
7687:Vectidromeus
7685:
7678:
7670:
7648:
7641:
7634:
7552:Ornithischia
7537:Ornithischia
7489:
7480:
7476:Ornithischia
7471:
7462:
7340:
7334:
7323:. Retrieved
7319:the original
7314:
7310:
7297:
7256:
7252:
7239:
7198:
7194:
7188:
7144:
7140:
7134:
7101:
7097:
7087:
7042:
7038:
6988:
6984:
6950:
6946:
6918:
6914:
6904:
6862:(1): 11163.
6859:
6855:
6845:
6812:
6808:
6802:
6765:
6761:
6751:
6741:
6730:. Retrieved
6726:the original
6721:
6675:
6671:
6667:
6661:
6650:. Retrieved
6646:the original
6639:
6612:. Retrieved
6606:
6596:
6551:
6547:
6537:
6526:. Retrieved
6516:
6471:
6467:
6461:
6453:
6420:
6416:
6406:
6373:
6369:
6359:
6314:
6310:
6304:
6296:
6277:
6268:
6249:
6245:
6219:
6215:
6205:
6170:
6166:
6156:
6139:10362/145947
6111:
6107:
6096:
6045:
6041:
6030:
6011:
6005:
5986:
5980:
5968:
5956:
5923:
5919:
5913:
5904:
5898:
5865:
5861:
5855:
5846:
5840:
5813:
5809:
5784:
5737:
5733:
5723:
5706:
5702:
5664:11336/105444
5646:
5642:
5635:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5604:
5588:
5582:
5576:
5570:
5561:
5557:
5550:
5522:
5501:Two Medicine
5494:
5487:
5481:
5473:Darren Tanke
5458:
5440:
5435:
5426:Reproduction
5419:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5393:
5389:Ceratosaurus
5387:
5377:
5376:
5369:
5365:Conchoraptor
5363:
5356:saurolophine
5344:maniraptoran
5339:
5337:
5331:
5316:phylogenetic
5311:Lambeosaurus
5309:
5308:34825), and
5299:
5289:
5278:
5266:crocodilians
5262:carnosaurian
5255:
5251:Camptosaurus
5249:
5245:
5238:James Hopson
5231:
5227:
5224:E. annectens
5223:
5217:
5207:
5190:
5184:
5180:
5161:saurolophine
5154:
5147:
5129:
5120:
5118:
5100:
5093:
5088:Mark Purnell
5081:
5045:
5035:
5028:
5021:
5014:
5002:
4967:Paleobiology
4950:
4943:
4940:
4926:
4923:
4912:
4718:
4717:
4694:
4693:
4663:
4662:
4639:
4638:
4615:
4614:
4567:Lambeosaurus
4565:
4564:
4540:
4539:
4516:
4515:
4478:
4477:
4447:
4446:
4416:
4415:
4383:
4382:
4359:
4358:
4291:
4290:
4267:
4266:
4235:
4234:
4204:
4203:
4160:
4159:
4129:
4128:
4071:
4070:
4047:
4046:
4016:
4015:
3985:
3984:
3944:
3943:
3838:
3837:
3813:
3812:
3782:
3781:
3742:
3741:
3718:
3717:
3690:
3638:
3637:
3614:
3613:
3583:
3582:
3571:Saurolophini
3488:
3487:
3471:
3470:
3431:
3430:
3414:
3413:
3367:
3366:
3343:
3342:
3296:
3295:
3272:
3271:
3240:
3239:
3209:
3208:
3197:Kritosaurini
3132:
3131:
3108:
3107:
3077:
3076:
3046:
3045:
3015:
3014:
2976:Wulagasaurus
2974:
2973:
2939:Yamatosaurus
2937:
2936:
2915:Aquilarhinus
2913:
2912:
2889:
2888:
2865:
2864:
2841:
2840:
2822:
2671:
2670:
2644:
2643:
2610:
2609:
2576:
2575:
2524:
2523:
2497:
2496:
2463:
2462:
2431:
2353:
2352:
2331:Aquilarhinus
2326:
2325:
2292:
2291:
2258:
2257:
2224:
2223:
2174:
2173:
2147:
2146:
2120:
2119:
1986:
1985:
1959:
1958:
1925:
1924:
1898:
1897:
1853:
1852:
1826:
1825:
1792:
1791:
1763:
1756:
1723:
1722:
1694:Lambeosaurus
1689:
1688:
1646:
1645:
1619:
1618:
1569:
1568:
1542:
1541:
1501:
1500:
1474:
1473:
1440:
1439:
1390:
1389:
1363:
1362:
1346:
1333:Tethyshadros
1328:
1327:
1301:
1300:
1270:Lophorhothon
1265:
1264:
1245:
1244:
1213:
1212:
1187:
1172:Lambeosaurus
1170:
1154:
1152:
1146:
1140:
1129:
1125:Bactrosaurus
1123:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1085:
1075:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1053:Aralosaurini
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1023:Lambeosaurus
1021:
1011:
1006:Phylogenetic
991:
989:
976:
969:Arenysaurini
965:Kritosaurini
950:
939:Distribution
929:
915:
904:
897:
879:
868:
867:Skeleton of
857:
842:
837:Henry Osborn
824:
812:
803:
799:
789:
783:
781:
766:
755:Philadelphia
750:
738:
705:
695:
692:Joseph Leidy
684:Judith River
678:
670:
652:
629:
599:
593:
585:
574:
567:
564:
557:
550:
547:
540:
533:Hadrosaurids
532:
531:
523:(Cope, 1871)
519:
511:
503:
495:
483:
447:
443:
435:Yamatosaurus
433:
425:Plesiohadros
423:
412:
401:
393:Lophorhothon
391:
380:
370:
360:
350:
339:
328:
320:Aquilarhinus
318:
292:
283:Type species
268:
246:
230:
214:
208:Ornithischia
198:
185:
128:
35:Hadrosaurids
29:
9845:iNaturalist
9804:Wikispecies
9746:Willinakaqe
9718:nomina nuda
9635:Siluosaurus
9600:Loncosaurus
9438:Dinehichnus
9280:Kamuysaurus
9253:Saurolophus
9205:Kritosaurus
9198:Gryposaurus
9031:Sahaliyania
9017:Magnapaulia
8989:Amurosaurus
8969:Tlatolophus
8948:Adelolophus
8892:Kazaklambia
8871:Blasisaurus
8864:Arenysaurus
8857:Aralosaurus
8791:Hadrosaurus
8784:Eotrachodon
8737:Yunganglong
8702:Sirindhorna
8674:Protohadros
8610:Koshisaurus
8603:Jintasaurus
8372:Comptonatus
8222:Napaisaurus
8208:Lurdusaurus
8180:Fukuisaurus
8158:Cedrorestes
8100:Valdosaurus
7963:Pareisactus
7794:Morrosaurus
7758:Isasicursor
7722:Chakisaurus
7618:Ornithopoda
7605:Ornithopoda
7564:Ornithopoda
7434:Ornithopoda
6762:BMC Ecology
6632:Boyle, Alan
6608:LiveScience
6462:Saurolophus
6108:Geosciences
5590:Saurolophus
5416:Lurdusaurus
5404:Amurosaurus
5379:Amurosaurus
5360:saurischian
5332:Amurosaurus
5320:ontogenetic
5281:CT scanning
5233:Kritosaurus
5214:John Ostrom
4720:Blasisaurus
4696:Arenysaurus
4480:Magnapaulia
4385:Sahaliyania
4361:Amurosaurus
4293:Tlatolophus
4269:Adelolophus
3946:Aralosaurus
3720:Kamuysaurus
3640:Saurolophus
3242:Kritosaurus
2891:Eotrachodon
2843:Hadrosaurus
2529:Saurolophus
2297:Gryposaurus
2263:Kritosaurus
1991:Amurosaurus
1964:Blasisaurus
1858:Sahaliyania
1797:Magnapaulia
1445:Aralosaurus
1395:Eotrachodon
1368:Hadrosaurus
1250:Jintasaurus
1189:Saurolophus
1142:Eotrachodon
1109:Hadrosaurus
1097:Saurolophus
1092:Paul Sereno
1066:Hadrosaurus
993:Hadrosaurus
849:Ornithopoda
804:Hadrosaurus
743:ceratopsids
630:Like other
608:during the
575:duck-billed
362:Hadrosaurus
330:Eotrachodon
240:Ornithopoda
45:86–66
9925:Hadrosaurs
9919:Categories
9688:Arkharavia
9663:Tichosteus
9656:Thespesius
9628:Pteropelyx
9621:Orthomerus
9501:Wintonopus
9086:Acristavus
9066:Barsboldia
9024:Olorotitan
8899:Latirhinus
8751:Zuoyunlong
8618:Levnesovia
8568:Gobihadros
8533:Datonglong
8526:Claosaurus
8497:Altirhinus
8407:see below↓
8337:Morelladon
8215:Magnamanus
8187:Hippodraco
8056:Dryosaurus
8029:Hesperonyx
8004:Dryomorpha
7844:Trinisaura
7837:Tietasaura
7830:Talenkauen
7708:Anabisetia
7573:see below↓
7467:Dinosauria
7325:2009-03-08
6815:(5): 554.
6732:2009-06-03
6652:2009-06-03
6614:2009-06-03
6528:2013-07-23
6423:: 105267.
6173:: 104678.
6114:(4): 162.
6012:Hadrosaurs
5987:Hadrosaurs
5628:References
5595:cathemeral
5395:Allosaurus
5192:Hadrosaurs
5135:Cretaceous
5131:Coprolites
5048:March 2014
5018:newspapers
4665:Olorotitan
4449:Latirhinus
3017:Acristavus
2125:Acristavus
1930:Olorotitan
1764:stebingeri
1306:Claosaurus
1076:H. foulkii
1041:P. walkeri
917:Hadrosaurs
890:lambeosaur
636:predentary
606:herbivores
590:ornithopod
535:(from
382:Latirhinus
352:Gobihadros
308:Subgroups
192:Dinosauria
9670:Trachodon
9586:Glishades
9565:Diclonius
9403:Anomoepus
9387:Ichnotaxa
9100:Maiasaura
9038:Velafrons
8547:Equijubus
8519:Choyrodon
8379:Iguanodon
8243:Planicoxa
8173:Dakotadon
8144:Calvarius
7970:Rhabdodon
7956:Mochlodon
7699:Elasmaria
7450:Kingdom:
7393:Trachodon
7153:2246/1260
7126:131740074
6700:131393649
6445:249559319
6197:228807024
6148:2076-3263
6070:2375-2548
5762:132975678
5681:131243139
5601:Pathology
5552:Maiasaura
5526:dentaries
5420:Iguanodon
5384:sauropods
5257:Iguanodon
5171:Neurology
5150:occlusion
5125:Laramidia
4988:talk page
4946:sauropods
4936:sauropods
4418:Velafrons
3245:IGM 6685
3048:Maiasaura
2152:Maiasaura
1831:Velafrons
1186:Skull of
1169:Skull of
1082:Phylogeny
1045:L. lambei
953:Campanian
902:in 1979.
899:Maiasaura
870:Maiasaura
845:monograph
821:AMNH 5060
813:Trachodon
800:Trachodon
759:geologist
739:Trachodon
578:dinosaurs
165:Kingdom:
159:Eukaryota
9789:Wikidata
9550:Cionodon
9219:Rhinorex
9107:Ornatops
8907:Minqaria
8878:Canardia
8805:Malefica
8730:Xuwulong
8695:Siamodon
8596:Jeyawati
8582:Gonkoken
8540:Eolambia
8364:Barilium
8165:Cumnoria
8130:Barilium
8036:Owenodon
8022:Draconyx
7984:Zalmoxes
7884:Fostoria
7736:Fostoria
7494:Cerapoda
7458:Chordata
7456:Phylum:
7452:Animalia
7305:(1998).
7289:13247222
7281:14610645
7231:33253407
7223:21493820
7079:24236064
7039:PLOS ONE
7015:15177074
7007:19711466
6896:28935986
6837:86197149
6794:23557203
6722:NBC News
6588:19564603
6508:22319623
6468:PLOS ONE
6398:86032549
6351:23922815
6311:PLOS ONE
6276:(1997).
6088:37327335
6079:10275600
5804:(1964).
5534:abrasion
5510:pisidiid
5461:eggshell
5204:endocast
5202:made an
5141:-eating
5139:detritus
4162:Canardia
3490:Rhinorex
3079:Ornatops
1479:Canardia
1043:than to
1035:than to
909:and the
886:conifers
747:holotype
710:of the "
489:Lydekker
475:Synonyms
403:Malefica
262:Family:
179:Chordata
175:Phylum:
169:Animalia
155:Domain:
9837:4823263
9824:4531646
9795:Q271841
8843:Ajnabia
8278:Uteodon
7261:Bibcode
7203:Bibcode
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