178:. Kõan invited Hiromichi to his residence to provide instruction in literary studies. Hiromichi’s interaction with Kōan and the scholars associated with Tekijuku influenced the course of his scholarship, which stands out among works of premodern criticism for its integration of ideas and techniques from both classical studies and the emerging field of Western Learning. Hiromichi’s literary taste ranged from classical poetry to popular fiction written in both
190:; 1832–35). Hiromichi's close reading of the popular works of Chinese fiction upon which Bakin based his novel and his own interest in literary structure are evident in the way he successfully emulated both Bakin's literary style and the interpretive comments he includes for readers of the novel. In praising “the acuity of Hiromichi’s command of language and style” the literary critic
291:, however, Hiromichi's interpretation ultimately rested on the internal consistency and literary style of the text, not ideological argument. The first two installments of Hiromichi's commentary were well received and widely reprinted, but only for a brief period. After seeing the publication of the first two volumes of his magnum opus on
250:
It may seem obvious to contemporary readers that a work of literature should be valued for the ability of its prose to engage the reader’s imagination, but to critics of the Edo period the claims made by
Hiromichi were akin to heresy. His immediate predecessors were deeply invested in establishing
238:
Hiromichi focused on textual evidence to substantiate this claim throughout his edition of the text. He argued that the internal consistency of detail and the tale’s unvarnished depiction of human feeling and behavior give the reader a sense that he or she is engaged with a fictional world as real
146:
Hiromichi suffered from palsy in middle-age. Health problems diminished his productivity as a calligrapher and author. An acquaintance remarked that despite severe health problems, Hiromichi's devotion to his work remained equal to that of a
Buddhist monk. Hiromichi died in Osaka in 1863, without
112:
Hiromichi’s social status was nominally that of a samurai, but his childhood did not afford the comforts or stability associated with noble birth. Hiromichi’s father, who received only a meager stipend as a retainer, was plagued by ill health. According to his autobiography, Hiromichi was raised
316:
from the limitations of premodern ideology became a liability while those promoted by
Norinaga were easily tailored to serve the needs of scholars and politicians eager to advance both nativism and nationalism. To this day Hiromichi's work remains in the shadow of interpretations that point to
217:
to a popular audience, he began to raise funds to publish a new edition that incorporated interpretation and revised commentary on the original text in 1851. Undaunted by the well-established views of generations of scholars, Hiromichi chose deliberately simple language to turn the world of
124:
Hiromichi’s childhood fascination with the
Hyakunin isshu developed into a lifelong interest in poetry and poetic criticism. At the age of thirteen he was introduced to Hiraga Motoyoshi (1800–1865) an established poet and avid student of nativist studies. Hiromichi submitted 450 of his own
101:). Hiromichi's name at birth was Fujiwara Keizō 藤原鹿蔵. He adopted the name Hagiwara Hiromichi after relinquishing his status as a samurai and moving to the city of Osaka to pursue a career as a poet and scholar of literature in 1845. He also published works under the literary name (
163:
In Osaka
Hiromichi taught nativist studies with a focus on classical literature. His poetry and poetic criticism appeared widely in literary publications of the time. He also established an enduring friendship with a fellow Okayama native,
295:
to print, including the carving of woodblock prints himself, Hiromichi succumbed to protracted illness and died in 1863, leaving his greatest work incomplete. Only five years after
Hiromichi’s death, the
234:
the more difficult it becomes to express how exceptional it is… The text is remarkably detailed and complete. Put simply, it is written in a way that allows one to scratch in all the places that itch.
129:
poems to
Motoyoshi, asking for corrections and advice. This led to an ongoing exchange concerning both poetry and ideology between the two. Hiromichi's extant poems are not similar to the classical
117:(Collection of 100 poems by 100 poets) at the age of 2. Following the death of his mother in 1821 he returned to live with his father who had taken to supporting himself as a teacher of
95:, Japan. (Both dates are according to the lunar calendar used in premodern Japan.) Hiromichi's father, Fujiwara Eizaburō, was a retainer in service to the Okayama feudal lord (
186:, the most widely read author of fiction of his time, Hiromichi was commissioned to write a concluding volume to Bakin’s unfinished work Daring Adventures of Chivalrous Men (
275:
as literature to particular moral, ideological, or cultural values. Following in the footsteps of the greatest scholar of nativist studies of the Edo period,
209:
Hiromichi’s ingenuity and sensitivity to literary style found their ultimate expression in his efforts to make the most revered work of the classical canon,
135:
style poems associated with
Motoyoshi, but like Motoyoshi, he expressed deep admiration for the work of the leading nativist scholars of his age such as
405:
Noguchi
Takehiko. “The Substratum Constituting Monogatari: Prose Structure and Narrative in Genji Monogatari.” Translated by Bob Tadashi Wakabayashi,
243:
with the same sense of satisfaction he had discovered after devoting his life to its study, he devised a new interpretive system. He believed that
515:
485:
247:, or any great work of prose fiction, should be valued for its capacity to engage the imagination of readers from all walks of life.
535:
113:
largely in the care of his mother and her family and earned the reputation of being a child prodigy by memorizing the entire Ogura
346:, and the elaboration of Bakin's views concerning Edo popular fiction (shōsetsu 小説 ) that appear in texts written by Hiromichi.
336:, 1885). While Shōyō makes no explicit reference to Hiromichi, his treatise, shows the influence of Hiromichi's theories on
239:
and compelling as a great theatrical production or life itself. To guide inexperienced readers, allowing them to appreciate
540:
490:
525:
530:
520:
495:
480:
226:
he explains to readers why this classical text has achieved such renown in the following manner :
505:
500:
370:
325:
198:
is nearly indistinguishable from the earlier chapters written by the great author himself.
8:
383:
Appraising Genji: Literary
Criticism and Cultural Anxiety in the Age of the Last Samurai
151:
includes the description of a solemn visit to Hiromichi's grave in his literary journal
297:
179:
118:
399:
Noguchi Takehiko. “Hagiwara Hiromichi ‘Genji monogatari hyōshaku’ no bungaku hihyō.”
301:
131:
59:
510:
276:
140:
365:
136:
312:
in the Edo period. Almost immediately, the ideas Hiromichi had used to liberate
183:
114:
84:
57:
Japan. He is best known for the innovative commentary and literary analysis of
474:
360:
342:
284:
126:
17:
191:
165:
409:, ed. Earl Miner, 130–50. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985.
305:
260:
168:(1810-1863), who founded the nation’s preeminent school of Dutch Learning (
148:
283:. Unlike Norinaga and his influential thesis regarding the affective, or
455:(Treatise on Methods of Transliteration of Western Weaponry Texts, 1845)
54:
263:, and, ultimately, the superiority of Japan’s indigenous culture (see
304:
began. Politicians and academics devoted to modernizing Japan in the
44:
213:, accessible to a wider readership. Having successfully lectured on
97:
355:
308:(1868-1912) sought to revive the nativist rhetoric associated with
264:
256:
175:
102:
49:
170:
88:
21:
324:
Evidence of Hiromichi's innovative scholarship can be found in
268:
222:
commentary and criticism on its head. The introduction to his
449:三陽道名所 (Guide to the San’yô Region; unpublished ms from 1840s)
147:
leaving any disciples or heirs. The Meiji author and scholar
92:
83:
Hiromichi was born on February 19, 1815, in the province of
53:) as well as an author, translator, and poet active in late-
279:(1730-1801), Hiromichi, did much to promote scholarship on
443:古語訳解 (Dictionary of terms from classical texts, 1848)
271:). These interpretive schemes tied the evaluation of
412:
174:) and Western medical techniques in Osaka, known as
75:) published in two installments in 1854 and 1861.
201:
472:
194:observed that Hiromichi’s concluding volume of
36:
376:
461:(Collection of Miscellaneous Writings,1844)
437:; Presentation of the main teachings, 1846)
407:Principles of Classical Japanese Literature
91:), Japan. He died on December 3, 1863, in
467:て•に•を•は係辞辨 (A Discourse on Grammar;1846)
425:Genji monogatari hyôshaku: kōsei yakuchū
421:葦の葉わけ (Collection of comic prose, 1863)
391:. 44 vols. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, 1978.
473:
182:and Japanese. Following the death of
67:, ca. 1010) found in his work titled
41:, March 29, 1815 - January 11, 1864)
13:
516:Japanese writers of the Edo period
486:19th-century Japanese philosophers
14:
552:
413:Major works by Hagiwara Hiromichi
427:(An Appraisal of Genji, 1854–61)
395:Genji monogatari o Edo kara yomu
321:as an icon of national culture.
536:Scholars of Japanese literature
401:Kōza Genji monogatari no sekai
1:
287:oriented approach to reading
255:’s importance in relation to
43:was a scholar of literature,
7:
541:19th-century Japanese poets
385:New York, SUNY Press, 2006.
349:
10:
557:
377:Sources & Bibliography
15:
491:Japanese literary critics
403:7: Yũikaku, S. 57 321–22.
224:Genji monogatari hyōshaku
87:(what is now the city of
69:Genji monogatari hyōshaku
37:
397:. Tōkyō: Kōdansha, 1985.
330:The Essence of the novel
158:
71:(源氏物語評釈 An Appraisal of
47:, and nativist studies (
526:19th-century Shintoists
188:Kaikan kyōki kyōkakuden
78:
236:
228:
155:(the weir; 1889–94).
371:Japanese nationalism
328:'s seminal treatise
531:People from Okayama
521:Japanese Shintoists
496:Japanese male poets
465:Te–ni–o–ha keijiben
230:The more one reads
453:Seijū on’yakujiron
393:Noguchi Takehiko.
381:Caddeau, Patrick.
300:collapsed and the
298:Tokugawa Shogunate
180:vernacular Chinese
119:Confucian classics
32:Hagiwara Hiromichi
481:Kokugaku scholars
302:Meiji restoration
211:The Tale of Genji
204:The Tale of Genji
196:Daring Adventures
109:(garlic garden).
60:The Tale of Genji
548:
334:Shōsetsu shinzui
277:Motoori Norinaga
141:Motoori Norinaga
65:Genji monogatari
42:
40:
39:
556:
555:
551:
550:
549:
547:
546:
545:
471:
470:
447:San’yōdō meisho
419:Ashi no ha wake
415:
404:
398:
392:
386:
379:
366:Japanese poetry
352:
326:Tsubouchi Shōyō
207:
161:
153:Shigarami zōshi
137:Kamo no Mabuchi
81:
34:
29:
12:
11:
5:
554:
544:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
469:
468:
462:
456:
450:
444:
438:
435:Hongaku taigai
433:本教提綱 (also as
428:
422:
414:
411:
378:
375:
374:
373:
368:
363:
358:
351:
348:
206:
200:
184:Takizawa Bakin
160:
157:
115:Hyakunin isshu
80:
77:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
553:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
478:
476:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
448:
445:
442:
439:
436:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
416:
410:
408:
402:
396:
390:
384:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
361:Tale of Genji
359:
357:
354:
353:
347:
345:
344:
343:mono no aware
339:
335:
331:
327:
322:
320:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
294:
290:
286:
285:mono no aware
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
248:
246:
242:
235:
233:
227:
225:
221:
216:
212:
205:
202:Interpreting
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
172:
167:
156:
154:
150:
144:
142:
138:
134:
133:
128:
122:
120:
116:
110:
108:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
86:
76:
74:
70:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
51:
46:
33:
27:
23:
19:
18:Japanese name
464:
458:
452:
446:
441:Kogen yakkai
440:
434:
430:
424:
418:
406:
400:
394:
389:Rohan Zenshû
388:
387:Kôda Rohan.
382:
380:
341:
337:
333:
329:
323:
318:
313:
309:
306:Meiji period
292:
288:
280:
272:
261:Confucianism
252:
249:
244:
240:
237:
231:
229:
223:
219:
214:
210:
208:
203:
195:
187:
169:
162:
152:
145:
130:
123:
111:
106:
96:
82:
72:
68:
64:
58:
48:
31:
30:
25:
506:1864 deaths
501:1815 births
475:Categories
431:Honkyō tei
192:Kōda Rohan
166:Ogata Kōan
55:Edo period
149:Mori Ōgai
132:Man'yōshū
45:philology
459:Tamazasa
356:Kokugaku
350:See also
265:Kokugaku
257:Buddhism
176:Tekijuku
107:Nirazono
50:Kokugaku
26:Hagiwara
16:In this
511:Rangaku
171:Rangaku
89:Okayama
22:surname
269:Shinto
98:daimyō
20:, the
338:Genji
319:Genji
314:Genji
310:Genji
293:Genji
289:Genji
281:Genji
273:Genji
253:Genji
245:Genji
241:Genji
232:Genji
220:Genji
215:Genji
159:Works
105:) of
93:Osaka
85:Bizen
73:Genji
38:萩原 広道
267:and
139:and
127:waka
79:Life
24:is
477::
340:,
259:,
143:.
121:.
103:gō
332:(
63:(
35:(
28:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.