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Heřmanův Městec

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40: 908: 887: 438: 84: 1019: 153: 65: 55: 514:. After design changes, the synagogue provided access to the women's gallery via a covered passageway from the school building next door. A stone-hewn image of the Ten Commandants adorned the top of the building. Due to the reduction in size, the building was not really sufficient to support the large crowds which attended worship services especially on holidays. As the Jewish population declined toward the latter part of the 19th century, the building became sufficient. 91: 894:
In 1986, the Town of Heřmanův Městec purchased the synagogue. In the early 1990s, the cemetery, mortuary and caretaker's home were restored. In 1991, the synagogue and the cemetery were declared national cultural monuments. Using plans from 1870, the synagogue building and adjacent rabbi's house were
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collection housed at the Westminster Synagogue in London. It is likely that so many Torah scrolls were attributed to Heřmanův Městec because it was the seat of the district rabbi. As the Jewish community in the area shrank during the late 1800s and early 1900s and other synagogues closed their doors,
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The town was the property of a series of aristocratic landowners who enjoyed a mostly positive relationship with the Jewish community. The Jewish community paid a fixed annual sum of money to the landowning gentry. During the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, Jews living in the town were mainly engaged
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Until construction of a new synagogue in the Baroque style in 1760, the Jewish community used a private home as a house of prayer. Count Jan Václav Sporck, who then owned the town's land, is said to have financially supported construction and laid the foundation stone for the new synagogue, which is
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The Jewish cemetery was probably founded in the early 15th century and is among the oldest and best preserved Jewish cemeteries in the Czech Republic. It has an area of almost 4,000 square meters, and contains 1,077 tombstones. It is owned by the Jewish community of Prague. The oldest preserved and
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With the relaxation of restrictions on Jews, by the late 1800s the town and its Jewish inhabitants had a thriving role in the production of shoes. There were several Jewish-owned handmade and machine-made shoe production companies. Most of these companies had international exports. As Jews were now
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introduced restrictions on Jewish movement, residence, marriage, and other matters of everyday life. In 1727 the vice regent's office in Prague confirmed a regulation concerning the distance between Jewish dwellings and Christian churches that led to the synagogue of Heřmanův Městec being torn down
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According to oral tradition, the Jewish cemetery in town dates back to the 1430. Usually, when Jews move into an area, one of their first community actions is to purchase land for a cemetery. There is documentation from 1667 that additional land was purchased for the purpose of enlarging the Jewish
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were deprived of the ability to do business, they were dismissed from government service, Jewish children were denied the right to attend school, and worship and assembly were forbidden. In Heřmanův Městec the Ten Commandments on the synagogue were removed, and the building was used by the German
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For over a century, the Jews of Bohemia had to endure a number of restrictions In 1848 serfdom was abolished, and the Jews living in Heřmanův Městec were emancipated and allowed freedom of movement. As a result, many Jews left the town for employment opportunities in industrialized cities such as
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In 1945 at the end of World War II, only two members of the Jewish community returned to Heřmanův Městec. After World War II the synagogue was used mainly as a warehouse. The synagogue, rabbi's house, and cemetery received little maintenance or care and deteriorated. At one point, the Bohemian
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In 1870 construction of new synagogue, with the backing of the aristocratic landowner, on the same site as the 1760 building was started. This building was in the Neo-Romanesque style by the architect František Schmoranz. The architect had some lofty plans which had to be abandoned because the
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In 1680, the town was visited by a plague that claimed many lives, leaving a large number of dilapidated houses behind. In 1686, Count Ferdinand Leopold Sporck called upon the Jews from the region to inhabit the abandoned houses. At the turn of the 17th century, the town became the seat of the
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The castle was also built in the late Baroque style. It was created in the 1784 by extensive reconstruction of a fortress. Since 1952, the premises of the castle houses a retirement home. In 1784, the adjacent castle park was established from the former game reserve. It is a large
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The town greatly developed during the rule of counts of Sporck, who acquired it in 1695. The Sporck had built stone houses to prevent the effects of fires, extended the local castle, and reconstructed the church destroyed by fire in 1740. In 1828, Heřmanův Městec was bought by the
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legible gravestone is from 1647. The tombstones, especially the older ones, are mostly made from sandstone; the newer stones are made from marble. The cemetery includes the caretaker's house and mortuary from 1838 with a memorial plaque to the victims of Nazism and a hearse.
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because it was too close to the town's Catholic church. Eventually, Jewish self-government was abolished, and the Jewish settlement was surrounded by an enclosure with three gates. All Jews were required to live in this part of town, effectively establishing a
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Brethren Evangelic Church purchased the synagogue and adjacent rabbi's house which were used as a storeroom and a prayer house, respectively. Many of the former homes of the Jewish community were razed between 1980 and 1982 as part of a redevelopment effort.
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In 1661, Count Jan Karel Sporck became the owner of the estate which included the town. Under his administration, the local Jewish community flourished. The Count encouraged Jews to move into houses that were abandoned during the
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cemetery. There are records of additional extensions that took place in 1685, 1709, 1723 and 1838. The date of the construction of the first synagogue is unclear, but it was destroyed in a large town fire in 1623.
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restored in 2001. The synagogue was furnished with replicas of the original benches, and the painting and stained glass windows were restored. The only major architectural change is the size of the
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permitted to study without restriction, many of them also pursued opportunities as attorneys, physicians, and other professions. In 1891, Heřmanův Městec became the seat of a district
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in trade (linen, wool, hides, or feathers) and money-lending. The location of the town along the road connecting Prague with Moravia brought a great number of merchants into the area.
899:(area where the Torah is read). It was enlarged to better serve as a stage in support of its new role as a concert hall. The rabbi's house is now the home of the Cyrany art gallery. 924:
The Church of Saint Bartholomew is a main landmark of the town and whole region. It was built in the late Baroque style in 1756–1761. It has a 42 metres (138 ft)-high tower.
1003: 418:. The Kinsky family continued to improve the town and had built the hospital or the orphanage, and had extended the castle and the castle park to its current form. 510:
Catholic clergy feared that the synagogue might outshine the nearby Church of St. Bartholomew. The original design had a tower with a stairway leading to the
402:. Due to its location and later due to large Jewish community, the town became the economic centre of the region. Heřmanův Městec was burned down during the 39: 448:
were living in Heřmanův Městec as early as the first half of the 15th century and it represents one of the oldest documented Jewish communities in the
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their Torah scrolls probably were sent to the synagogue in Heřmanův Městec. Thus, by 1940, Heřmanův Městec had a large inventory of Torah scrolls.
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along a single street leading to the Jewish cemetery (now called Havlíčkova Street). He allowed the Jews to rebuild their synagogue.
83: 354:. It has about 5,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre with the castle complex is well preserved and is protected by law as an 1695: 535: 456:(10 adult Jewish males) was recorded as early as 1570. The Jewish community continued to grow and thrive over the years. 1345: 907: 1762: 1772: 1685: 1834: 1655: 374:
Heřmanův Městec is located about 9 kilometres (6 mi) west of Chrudim and 11 km (7 mi) southwest of
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The first written mention of Heřmanův Městec is from 1325. It was founded around 1280 on a trade route from
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scrolls, were transported to the Jewish Museum in Prague. These eventually became part of the
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The villages of Chotěnice, Konopáč and Radlín are administrative parts of Heřmanův Městec.
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with Zámecký Pond in the middle. The area of the park is protected as a nature monument.
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During the occupation by Nazi Germany, Jewish ritual objects, including over a dozen
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From 16 March 1939, the Jewish community was under the rule of Nazi Germany and the
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restricting Jewish rights were the law of the land. In 1940, Jews living in the
1958: 1829: 1018: 531: 351: 325: 158: 1579: 1160: 2072: 1989: 1978: 1973: 1782: 130: 117: 1725: 1546: 511: 403: 1968: 1909: 1898: 1660: 1528: 1995: 1564: 1559: 1466: 1009: 863: 543: 2040: 2020: 1819: 1777: 1496: 1486: 1460: 1824: 1645: 2056: 2010: 2000: 1861: 1809: 1670: 1613: 1574: 1023: 386:. The highest point is at 382 m (1,253 ft) above sea level. 1963: 1934: 1878: 375: 252: 2030: 1904: 1891: 1840: 1513: 870: 1788: 1413: 304: 1914: 1804: 1618: 1597: 1553: 1502: 1471: 1218: 869:
Heřmanův Městec is the starting point of a short railway line to
859: 422: 399: 382:. The southern part of the municipal territory extends into the 1700: 1539: 1518: 1327:(in Czech). Sportovní a kulturní zařízení města Heřmanův Městec 1242:(in Czech). Sportovní a kulturní zařízení města Heřmanův Městec 1134:"Jewish Sights in Heřmanův Městec, Golčův Jeníkov and Dřevíkov" 554:
On 3 December 1942, all of the 60 Jews were transported to the
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List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic
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was played. In 1882 and 1899, the railroads were built.
949:(1815–1909), Hungarian rabbi; worked here in 1852–1855 1187:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company. p. 354. 890:
Interior of the restored synagogue at Heřmanův Městec
1261:"Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" 421:In 1875, Heřmanův Městec became the first place in 459: 2070: 1202: 959:Rudolf, 9th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau 525: 1045:"Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024" 574:The Jewish community reached its peak in 1849. 558:. Many of those were eventually transported to 502:in the same location as the current synagogue. 919: 1446: 1207:. Regional Authority of the Pardubice Region. 997: 1203:Růžičková, Renata; Langová, Alžběta (2006). 1113:Jews and Jewish Monuments in Heřmanův Městec 1279:"Population Census 2021: Population by sex" 1453: 1439: 1205:Traces of the Jews in the Pardubice Region 1161:"The Jewish Community of Heřmanův Městec" 1062: 1060: 1058: 927: 2089:Jewish communities in the Czech Republic 906: 885: 485:Repression and emancipation in 1726–1939 436: 1110: 361: 90: 2079:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic 2071: 1182: 1055: 967:(1861–1943), writer, co-author of the 781: 705: 629: 569: 1434: 1106: 1104: 324: 2084:Populated places in Chrudim District 1198: 1196: 1194: 1178: 1176: 1174: 1155: 1153: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1122: 1102: 1100: 1098: 1096: 1094: 1092: 1090: 1088: 1086: 1084: 218:14.34 km (5.54 sq mi) 536:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia 432: 13: 902: 776: 700: 624: 14: 2100: 1405: 1390:(in Czech). Město Heřmanův Městec 1369:(in Czech). Město Heřmanův Městec 1348:(in Czech). Město Heřmanův Městec 1211: 1191: 1171: 1150: 1119: 1081: 1070:(in Czech). Město Heřmanův Městec 940: 16:Town in Pardubice, Czech Republic 1367:"Zámek a park v anglickém stylu" 1346:"Děkanský kostel sv.Bartoloměje" 1301:"Detail stanice Heřmanův Městec" 1017: 858:The I/17 road (the section from 151: 89: 82: 63: 53: 38: 1380: 1359: 1338: 1317: 1293: 1271: 1253: 606: 460:The beginnings of the community 1232: 1037: 326:[ˈɦɛr̝manuːfˈmɲɛstɛts] 103:Location in the Czech Republic 1: 1030: 965:Jiří Stanislav Guth-Jarkovský 526:German occupation and postwar 1388:"Základní informace o městě" 881: 853: 506:Prague or emigrated abroad. 369: 7: 1686:Kostelec u Heřmanova Městce 1221:(in Czech). Heřmanův Městec 920:Church of Saint Bartholomew 866:) passes through the town. 44:Church of Saint Bartholomew 10: 2105: 1001: 998:Twin towns – sister cities 985:Ludmila Seefried-Matějková 955:(1858–1916), archaeologist 615: 556:Terezín concentration camp 389: 1482: 1111:Kabeláč, Jaromír (1992). 876: 846: 642:—     578:1570 – 10 Jewish families 299: 289: 268: 251: 243: 235: 230: 222: 214: 209: 201: 196: 188: 176: 164: 146: 111: 77: 49: 37: 28: 21: 1287:Czech Statistical Office 1265:Czech Statistical Office 1183:Singer, Isidore (1906). 1049:Czech Statistical Office 935:English landscape garden 378:. It lies mostly in the 226:280 m (920 ft) 993:(born 1976), politician 973:Czech Olympic Committee 247:350/km (900/sq mi) 981:(1903–1995), geologist 928:Heřmanův Městec Castle 912: 891: 548:Memorial Scrolls Trust 442: 339: 987:(born 1938), sculptor 961:(1859–1930), nobleman 910: 889: 612:Historical population 440: 270: • Summer ( 131:49.94722°N 15.66500°E 498:in Heřmanův Městec. 427:association football 362:Administrative parts 322:Czech pronunciation: 244: • Density 1868:Ronov nad Doubravou 1421:Jewish Encyclopedia 1185:Jewish Encyclopedia 1008:Heřmanův Městec is 971:, president of the 911:The Jewish cemetery 613: 570:Historic population 356:urban monument zone 127: /  2051:Žlebské Chvalovice 1815:Podhořany u Ronova 1325:"Židovský hřbitov" 1240:"Židovské památky" 913: 892: 611: 539:army for storage. 443: 236: • Total 215: • Total 202: • Mayor 136:49.94722; 15.66500 2066: 2065: 1852:Rabštejnská Lhota 1219:"Události v obci" 1138:private-tours.net 851: 850: 842: 841: 766: 765: 690: 689: 475:Thirty Years' War 408:Thirty Years' War 315: 314: 2096: 2016:Vrbatův Kostelec 1476:Chrudim District 1455: 1448: 1441: 1432: 1431: 1417: 1416: 1414:Official website 1399: 1398: 1396: 1395: 1384: 1378: 1377: 1375: 1374: 1363: 1357: 1356: 1354: 1353: 1342: 1336: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1321: 1315: 1314: 1312: 1311: 1297: 1291: 1290: 1275: 1269: 1268: 1257: 1251: 1250: 1248: 1247: 1236: 1230: 1229: 1227: 1226: 1215: 1209: 1208: 1200: 1189: 1188: 1180: 1169: 1168: 1157: 1148: 1147: 1145: 1144: 1130: 1117: 1116: 1108: 1079: 1078: 1076: 1075: 1064: 1053: 1052: 1041: 1026:, Czech Republic 1022: 1021: 847:Source: Censuses 783: 778: 770: 769: 707: 702: 694: 693: 631: 626: 618: 617: 614: 610: 481:regional rabbi. 450:Chrudim District 433:Jewish community 348:Pardubice Region 344:Chrudim District 334: 328: 323: 311: 308: 307:.hermanuv-mestec 306: 275: 157: 155: 154: 142: 141: 139: 138: 137: 132: 128: 125: 124: 123: 120: 93: 92: 86: 67: 57: 42: 19: 18: 2104: 2103: 2099: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2094: 2093: 2069: 2068: 2067: 2062: 1953:Trhová Kamenice 1591:Heřmanův Městec 1478: 1459: 1412: 1411: 1408: 1403: 1402: 1393: 1391: 1386: 1385: 1381: 1372: 1370: 1365: 1364: 1360: 1351: 1349: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1330: 1328: 1323: 1322: 1318: 1309: 1307: 1299: 1298: 1294: 1283:Public Database 1277: 1276: 1272: 1259: 1258: 1254: 1245: 1243: 1238: 1237: 1233: 1224: 1222: 1217: 1216: 1212: 1201: 1192: 1181: 1172: 1159: 1158: 1151: 1142: 1140: 1132: 1131: 1120: 1109: 1082: 1073: 1071: 1068:"Historie obce" 1066: 1065: 1056: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1033: 1016: 1006: 1000: 979:Vladimír Zoubek 969:Olympic Charter 953:Václav Dobruský 947:Moses Löb Bloch 943: 930: 922: 905: 903:Jewish cemetery 884: 879: 856: 609: 572: 528: 512:women's gallery 487: 462: 435: 392: 380:Svitavy Uplands 372: 364: 342:) is a town in 330: 321: 318:Heřmanův Městec 303: 295: 269: 189:First mentioned 152: 150: 135: 133: 129: 126: 121: 118: 116: 114: 113: 107: 106: 105: 104: 101: 100: 99: 98: 97:Heřmanův Městec 94: 73: 72: 71: 70: 61: 60: 45: 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A 446:Jews 283:CEST 210:Area 192:1325 59:Flag 31:Town 1885:Seč 1474:of 862:to 398:to 309:.cz 305:www 272:DST 262:CET 2075:: 1464:, 1285:. 1281:. 1193:^ 1173:^ 1163:. 1152:^ 1136:. 1121:^ 1083:^ 1057:^ 1047:. 873:. 782:±% 706:±% 630:±% 562:. 410:. 358:. 338:: 329:; 1454:e 1447:t 1440:v 1397:. 1376:. 1355:. 1334:. 1313:. 1249:. 1228:. 1167:. 1146:. 1077:. 320:( 285:) 281:( 274:) 264:) 260:(

Index

Town
Church of Saint Bartholomew
Flag of Heřmanův Městec
Coat of arms of Heřmanův Městec
Heřmanův Městec is located in Czech Republic
49°56′50″N 15°39′54″E / 49.94722°N 15.66500°E / 49.94722; 15.66500
Czech Republic
Region
Pardubice
District
Chrudim
Time zone
UTC+1
CET
DST
UTC+2
CEST
www.hermanuv-mestec.cz
[ˈɦɛr̝manuːfˈmɲɛstɛts]
‹See Tfd›
German
Chrudim District
Pardubice Region
Czech Republic
urban monument zone
Pardubice
Svitavy Uplands
Iron Mountains
Prague
Moravia

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