225:, the execution of which was assigned to the princes of Wolfenbüttel and Calenberg. Whilst Henry of Lüneburg had already gone into exile in France in 1520 having transferred the reins of power to his sons and in doing so keeping the Principality of Lüneburg out of the subsequent conflict, there were renewed military clashes between the Hildesheim prince-bishop and his opponents that were not finally resolved (in favour of the Wolfenbüttel side) until the so-called 'field peace' (
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221:, who had a good relationship with Wolfenbüttel, saw the situation entirely reversed at a political level. The ruling imposed by Charles V provided for the surrender of all conquered territory and release of all the prisoners, and thus ruled very much against the Hildesheim side. Because it was ignored by the bishop and his allies, the emperor's decision was followed in 1522 by the imposition of an
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Perhaps more strictly described as the "Feud of the
Hildesheim Prince-Bishopric", because the feud was not a result of John's episcopal spiritual function within his diocese, which was much larger, but about his secular role as prince-bishop within his smaller territory within the Holy Roman Empire,
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of
Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel sought a reason to attack the neighbouring Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim and found one in the disputes between the prince-bishop and the prince-bishopric nobility. As a result, in 1516 an alliance was formed between Henry the Younger and a small group of nobles from the
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Due to his prince-bishopric's poor financial circumstances the Prince-Bishop of
Hildesheim asked for the return of several estates pledged (or mortgaged) to the nobles within the prince-bishopric. As these estates were an important source of income, a small number of nobles and knights refused,
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of
Hunnesrück with Markoldendorf, Aerzen, Lauenstein, Grohnde, Hallerburg, Poppenburg, Ruthe and Coldingen, the towns of Dassel, Bodenwerder, Gronau, Elze, Sarstedt, half of Hameln and the abbeys of Marienau, Escherde, Wittenburg, Wülfinghausen and Derneburg.
214:). The Hildesheim army scored an emphatic victory against the Brunswick-Welf troops, killing some 3,500 men and capturing one of their leaders, Eric of Calenberg, as well as many of the nobles. This signalled the end of the opening phase of the war.
241:) of 13 May 1523. The main import of these changes were significant gains for the princes of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, whilst the Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim was left with just 4 of its original 22 districts (
83:), it developed into a major dispute between various Lower Saxon territorial princes. The cause was the attempt by Prince-Bishop John to redeem the pledged estates and their tax revenue from the nobles in his
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and
Hildesheim by troops from Hildesheim or Brunswick, as well as numerous trails of devastation and plundering by both sides against the civilian population, the two sides finally met on 28 June 1519 at the
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of
Winzenburg, Wohldenberg, Steinbrück, Lutter, Wohlenstein, Schladen, Liebenburg, Wiedelah, Vienenburg and Westerhof with the abbeys of Lamspringe, Heiningen, Dorstadt,
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of Aerzen, Grohnde, Coldingen-Lauenberg, Lutter am
Barenberge, Westerhof and Lindau, which remained with the principalities of Calenberg and Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
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After long negotiations the territorial changes resulting from the conflict were firmly established at the Treaty of
Quedlinburg (also known as the Quedlinburg
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Between 1519 and 1523 there was a succession of heavy battles and smaller skirmishes, in the course of which many towns and villages were devastated.
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however, to give up their mortgaged property to the prince-bishop. In parallel there were attempts by the House of Welf to redeem the land around
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prince-bishopric of
Hildesheim. In 1519 the smouldering conflict flared up into open warfare which is often described as the "last medieval
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120:, i.e. pawned sum) for Everstein and thus set himself against the interests of the other Welf lines.
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Chorographia der
Hildesheimer Stiftsfehde von Johannes Krabbe 1591, mehrfarbige Reproduktion, LGN,
266:, Ringelheim and Riechenberg, as well as the towns of Alfeld, Bockenem, Lamspringe and Salzgitter.
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Georg Schnath Vom Sachsenstamm zum Lande Niedersachsen, in Land Niedersachsen Hannover 1976, p. 55
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The alliance partners on the side of the Hildesheim prince-bishop were the town of Hildesheim,
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Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft von der Reformation bis zum Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts.
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pledged to the prince-bishopric that revealed differences between the Lüneburg line of the
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Prince-bishop John IV gave up the prince-bishopric in 1527 and later became canon of the
281:("large prince-bishopric"). This finally ended in 1643 in the Main Treaty of Hildesheim (
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91:, or simply das Stift). The diocesan feud ended with the Treaty of Quedlinburg in 1523.
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116:. To wit, in 1513, Henry the Middle received from Prince-Bishop John IV a large bill (
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The Principality of Calenberg received the houses, i.e.fortified seats, and
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229:) of 15 October 1521. Hildesheim had won militarily, but lost politically.
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Die Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Jahrtausendrückblick einer Region.
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Hildesheim immediately began a legal fight for the return of its
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Bischof, Stadt und Bürger. Aufsätze zur Geschichte Hildesheims.
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Information board near the battlefield site in Soltau-Wiedingen
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Alliance between the Hildesheim nobility and Henry the Younger
112:, the Welf lines in Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Calenberg and the
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The Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel was awarded the
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Christine van den Heuvel, Manfred von Boetticher (Hrsg.):
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at www.jewishencyclopedia.com. Accessed on 8 May 2011.
45:, sometimes referred to as a "chapter feud", was a
20:The prince-bishopric around 1500 (before the feud)
217:However, an appeal to the newly elected emperor,
186:Battle of Soltau and escalation to imperial level
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71:. Originally just a local conflict between the
332:The Princebishopric of Hildesheim, 1643-1723
247:) as well as the towns of Hildesheim and
79:and his own prince-bishopric's nobility (
432:Norddeutscher Hegemoniekampf (1491-1523)
321:at www.proz.com. Accessed on 8 May 2011.
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174:(Prince-Bishopric of Minden), his uncle
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386:at www.zum.de. Retrieved on 4 Apr 2010.
201:After futile sieges of the defences of
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335:at www.zum.de. Accessed on 8 May 2011.
168:Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
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162:On the opposing side were
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283:Hildesheimer Hauptrezess
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67:that were ruled by the
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513:History of Hildesheim
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147:and the counts of
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538:Conflicts in 1522
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118:Pfandsumme
95:Background
81:Stiftsadel
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488:The Welfs
219:Charles V
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102:Everstein
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31:‹See Tfd›
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249:Peine
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41:) or
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