Human rights - Knowledge

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were reluctant to include economic and social rights (such as the right to work and the right to join a union). Socialist states placed much greater importance on economic and social rights and argued strongly for their inclusion. Because of the divisions over which rights to include and because some states declined to ratify any treaties including certain specific interpretations of human rights, and despite the Soviet bloc and a number of developing countries arguing strongly for the inclusion of all rights in a Unity Resolution, the rights enshrined in the UDHR were split into two separate covenants, allowing states to adopt some rights and derogate others. Although this allowed the covenants to be created, it denied the proposed principle that all rights are linked, which was central to some interpretations of the UDHR. Although the UDHR is a non-binding resolution, it is now considered to be a central component of international

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treaty parties, but directly responsible to the Economic and Social Council and ultimately to the General Assembly. This means that the Economic Committee faces particular difficulties at its disposal only relatively "weak" means of implementation in comparison to other treaty bodies. Particular difficulties noted by commentators include: perceived vagueness of the principles of the treaty, relative lack of legal texts and decisions, ambivalence of many states in addressing economic, social and cultural rights, comparatively few non-governmental organisations focused on the area and problems with obtaining relevant and precise information.

4798:: first-generation civil and political rights (right to life and political participation), second-generation economic, social and cultural rights (right to subsistence) and third-generation solidarity rights (right to peace, right to clean environment). Out of these generations, the third generation is the most debated and lacks both legal and political recognition. This categorisation is at odds with the indivisibility of rights, as it implicitly states that some rights can exist without others. Prioritisation of rights for pragmatic reasons is however a widely accepted necessity. Human rights expert 14477: 3669:

Nations headquarters in New York but now frequently meets at the United Nations Office in Geneva; the other treaty bodies meet in Geneva. The Human Rights Committee usually holds its March session in New York City. The human rights enshrined in the UDHR, the Geneva Conventions and the various enforced treaties of the United Nations are enforceable in law. In practice, many rights are very difficult to legally enforce due to the absence of consensus on the application of certain rights, the lack of relevant national legislation or of bodies empowered to take legal action to enforce them.

2671: 3012:. The League's goals included disarmament, preventing war through collective security, settling disputes between countries through negotiation, diplomacy and improving global welfare. Enshrined in its Charter was a mandate to promote many of the rights which were later included in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The League of Nations had mandates to support many of the former colonies of the Western European colonial powers during their transition from colony to independent state. Established as an agency of the League of Nations, and now part of United Nations, the 4974:, have all been Western and indeed that some were involved in the running of Empires themselves. Relativistic arguments tend to neglect the fact that modern human rights are new to all cultures, dating back no further than the UDHR in 1948. They also do not account for the fact that the UDHR was drafted by people from many different cultures and traditions, including a US Roman Catholic, a Chinese Confucian philosopher, a French Zionist and a representative from the Arab League, amongst others, and drew upon advice from thinkers such as Mahatma Gandhi. 3678: 6081: 14160: 4000: 3773: 2640: 3049: 17218: 17206: 3207:(ICESCR) were adopted by the United Nations, between them making the rights contained in the UDHR binding on all states. They came into force only in 1976, when they were ratified by a sufficient number of countries (despite achieving the ICCPR, a covenant including no economic or social rights, the US only ratified the ICCPR in 1992). The ICESCR commits 155 state parties to work toward the granting of economic, social, and cultural rights (ESCR) to individuals. 17194: 17158: 5123: 5190:, and/or Enlightenment heritage (typically labeled Western) and cannot be enjoyed by other cultures that don't emulate the conditions and values of 'Western' societies." Right-wing critics of human rights argue that they are "unrealistic and unenforceable norms and inappropriate intrusions on state sovereignty", while left-wing critics of human rights argue that they fail "to achieve – or prevents better approaches to achieving – progressive goals". 3574:

under a resolution of the Economic and Social Council to carry out the monitoring functions originally assigned to that body under the Covenant, they are technically autonomous bodies, established by the treaties that they monitor and accountable to the state parties of those treaties – rather than subsidiary to the United Nations, though in practice they are closely intertwined with the United Nations system and are supported by the

4093: 57: 480: 9243: 17168: 4899: 4069:. The European Convention on Human Rights defines and guarantees since 1950 human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe. All 47 member states of the Council of Europe have signed this convention and are therefore under the jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. In order to prevent torture and inhuman or degrading treatment (Article 3 of the convention), the 2778:. This natural law thinking was supported by contact with American civilizations and the debate that took place in Castile about the just titles of the conquest and, in particular, the nature of the indigenous people. In the Castilian colonization of America, it is often stated, measures were applied in which the germs of the idea of Human Rights are present, debated in the well-known 3827:(under a protocol to the Charter which was adopted in 1998 and entered into force in January 2004), the commission will have the additional task of preparing cases for submission to the Court's jurisdiction. In a July 2004 decision, the AU Assembly resolved that the future Court on Human and Peoples' Rights would be integrated with the African Court of Justice. The 3802:(ACHPR) is a quasi-judicial organ of the African Union tasked with promoting and protecting human rights and collective (peoples') rights throughout the African continent as well as interpreting the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and considering individual complaints of violations of the Charter. The commission has three broad areas of responsibility: 3487: 3080:. The UDHR urges member states to promote a number of human, civil, economic and social rights, asserting these rights are part of the "foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world". The declaration was the first international legal effort to limit the behavior of states and make sure they did their duties to their citizens following the model of the 3832:

court of the African Union, interpreting all necessary laws and treaties. The Protocol establishing the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights entered into force in January 2004, but its merging with the Court of Justice has delayed its establishment. The Protocol establishing the Court of Justice will come into force when ratified by 15 countries.

13257: 3886:, Costa Rica, it is one of the bodies that comprise the inter-American system for the promotion and protection of human rights. The IACHR is a permanent body which meets in regular and special sessions several times a year to examine allegations of human rights violations in the hemisphere. Its human rights duties stem from three documents: 5079:, not to those affected by their actions. Such companies are often larger than the economies of the states in which they operate, and can wield significant economic and political power. No international treaties exist to specifically cover the behavior of companies with regard to human rights, and national legislation is very variable. 4633:, whereas previously it could be said that natural rights were discovered by considering the natural law. In Hobbes' opinion, the only way natural law could prevail was for men to submit to the commands of the sovereign. In this lay the foundations of the theory of a social contract between the governed and the governor. 2774:

objective order, they stated that there are certain natural rights, mentioning both rights related to the body (right to life, to property) and to the spirit (right to freedom of thought, dignity). The jurist Vázquez de Menchaca, starting from an individualist philosophy, was decisive in the dissemination of the term

3590:. The members of the committee express opinions on member countries and make judgments on individual complaints against countries which have ratified an Optional Protocol to the treaty. The judgments, termed "views", are not legally binding. The member of the committee meets around three times a year to hold sessions 3130:. The final three articles place, according to Cassin, rights in the context of limits, duties and the social and political order in which they are to be realized. Humphrey and Cassin intended the rights in the UDHR to be legally enforceable through some means, as is reflected in the third clause of the preamble: 5017:

is a controversial principle in international law whereby states claim criminal jurisdiction over persons whose alleged crimes were committed outside the boundaries of the prosecuting state, regardless of nationality, country of residence, or any other relation with the prosecuting country. The state

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are often levied upon individuals or states who commit human rights violations. Sanctions are often criticized for its feature of collective punishment in hurting a country's population economically in order dampen that population's view of its government. It is also argued that, counterproductively,

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soon after the UDHR was conceived brought to the fore divisions over the inclusion of both economic and social rights and civil and political rights in the declaration. Capitalist states tended to place strong emphasis on civil and political rights (such as freedom of association and expression), and

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All major governments at the time of drafting the U.N. charter and the Universal declaration did their best to ensure, by all means known to domestic and international law, that these principles had only international application and carried no legal obligation on those governments to be implemented

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With the exception of non-derogable human rights (international conventions class the right to life, the right to be free from slavery, the right to be free from torture and the right to be free from retroactive application of penal laws as non-derogable), the UN recognises that human rights can be

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the growing power of transnational corporations and their extension of power through privatization, deregulation and the rolling back of the State also mean that it is now time to develop binding legal norms that hold corporations to human rights standards and circumscribe potential abuses of their

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has argued that cultural relativism is almost exclusively an argument used by those who wield power in cultures which commit human rights abuses, and that those whose human rights are compromised are the powerless. This reflects the fact that the difficulty in judging universalism versus relativism

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are enshrined in articles 22 to 28 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in the ICESCR. The UDHR included both economic, social and cultural rights and civil and political rights because it was based on the principle that the different rights could only successfully exist in combination:

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The most common categorization of human rights is to split them into civil and political rights, and economic, social and cultural rights. Civil and political rights are enshrined in articles 3 to 21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in the ICCPR. Economic, social and cultural rights

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on what all men could agree upon: what they sought (happiness) was subject to contention, but a broad consensus could form around what they feared (violent death at the hands of another). The natural law was how a rational human being, seeking to survive and prosper, would act. It was discovered by

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In pursuit of these goals, the commission is mandated to "collect documents, undertake studies and researches on African problems in the field of human and peoples, rights, organise seminars, symposia and conferences, disseminate information, encourage national and local institutions concerned with

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The risk of human rights violations increases with the increase in financially vulnerable populations. Girls from poor families in non-industrialized economies are often viewed as a financial burden on the family and marriage of young girls is often driven in the hope that daughters will be fed and

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and economic, social, and cultural rights was predicated on the assumption that basic human rights are indivisible and that the different types of rights listed are inextricably linked. Although this principle was not opposed by any member states at the time of adoption (the declaration was adopted

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Spanish scholasticism insisted on a subjective vision of law during the 16th and 17th centuries: Luis de Molina, Domingo de Soto and Francisco Vitoria, members of the School of Salamanca, defined law as a moral power over one's own.50 Although they maintained at the same time, the idea of law as an

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The principal aim of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was to create a framework for a universal code based on mutual consent. The early years of the United Nations were overshadowed by the division between the Western and Communist conceptions of human rights, although neither

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play an increasingly large role in the world, and are responsible for a large number of human rights abuses. Although the legal and moral environment surrounding the actions of governments is reasonably well developed, that surrounding multinational companies is both controversial and ill-defined.

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free at the point of use. That is not to say that Western cultures have overlooked these rights entirely (the welfare states that exist in Western Europe are evidence of this). Similarly, the ex Soviet bloc countries and Asian countries have tended to give priority to economic, social and cultural

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is intended to be the "principal judicial organ of the Union" (Protocol of the Court of Justice of the African Union, Article 2.2). Although it has not yet been established, it is intended to take over the duties of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, as well as act as the supreme

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when such occur within its jurisdiction, with a mandate to bring to justice perpetrators of such crimes that occurred after its creation in 2002. A number of UN members have not joined the court and the ICC does not have jurisdiction over their citizens, and others have signed but not yet ratified

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Each treaty body receives secretariat support from the Human Rights Council and Treaties Division of Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights (OHCHR) in Geneva except CEDAW, which is supported by the Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW). CEDAW formerly held all its sessions at United

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bodies, comprising committees of independent experts who monitor compliance with human rights standards and norms flowing from the core international human rights treaties. They are supported by and are created by the treaty that they monitor, With the exception of the CESCR, which was established

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The Inter-American Court of Human Rights was established in 1979 with the purpose of enforcing and interpreting the provisions of the American Convention on Human Rights. Its two main functions are thus adjudicatory and advisory. Under the former, it hears and rules on the specific cases of human

2513:"to which a person is inherently entitled simply because he or she is a human being" and which are "inherent in all human beings", regardless of age, ethnic origin, location, language, religion, ethnicity, or any other status. They are applicable everywhere and at all times in the sense of being 6443:

For women and girls living in areas where FGM/C is prevalent, they are often dependent upon marriage for financial stability. As a result, FGM/C is seen as a way to guarantee a woman's status, making her able to have children in a socially acceptable way and providing her with economic security,

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were significantly different from western values and included a sense of loyalty and foregoing personal freedoms for the sake of social stability and prosperity, and therefore authoritarian government is more appropriate in Asia than democracy. This view is countered by Mahathir's former deputy:

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Universalism has been described by some as cultural, economic or political imperialism. In particular, the concept of human rights is often claimed to be fundamentally rooted in a politically liberal outlook which, although generally accepted in Europe, Japan or North America, is not necessarily

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and makes general comments on ratifying countries performance. It will have the power to receive complaints against the countries that opted into the Optional Protocol once it has come into force. Unlike the other treaty bodies, the economic committee is not an autonomous body responsible to the

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Beijing's export of antidemocratic tactics, financial coercion, and physical intimidation have led to an erosion of democratic institutions and human rights protections in numerous countries...Political rights and civil liberties in the country have deteriorated since Narendra Modi became prime

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The key landmark is the Bill of Rights (1689), which established the supremacy of Parliament over the Crown ... providing for the regular meeting of Parliament, free elections to the Commons, free speech in parliamentary debates, and some basic human rights, most famously freedom from 'cruel or

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were defined at the first International Workshop on National Institutions for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in Paris on 7–9 October 1991, and adopted by United Nations Human Rights Commission Resolution 1992/54 of 1992 and the General Assembly Resolution 48/134 of 1993. The Paris

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were responsible for much of the cross-national research and the structure of the document respectively, where the articles of the declaration were interpretative of the general principle of the preamble. The document was structured by Cassin to include the basic principles of dignity, liberty,

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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights enshrines, by definition, rights that apply to all humans equally, whichever geographical location, state, race or culture they belong to. Proponents of cultural relativism suggest that human rights are not all universal, and indeed conflict with some

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lies in who is claiming to represent a particular culture. Although the argument between universalism and relativism is far from complete, it is an academic discussion in that all international human rights instruments adhere to the principle that human rights are universally applicable. The

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Although accepted by the signatories to the UDHR, most of them do not in practice give equal weight to the different types of rights. Western cultures have often given priority to civil and political rights, sometimes at the expense of economic and social rights such as the right to work, to

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is one among those who are elaborating a secular conception of natural law in the liberal tradition. There are also emerging and secular forms of natural law theory that define human rights as derivative of the notion of universal human dignity. The term "human rights" has replaced the term

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in 1947. The members of the Commission did not immediately agree on the form of such a bill of rights, and whether, or how, it should be enforced. The Commission proceeded to frame the UDHR and accompanying treaties, but the UDHR quickly became the priority. Canadian law professor

2566:, there is disagreement about which of these particular rights should be included within the general framework of human rights. Some thinkers suggest that human rights should serve as a minimum requirement to avoid the worst-case abuses, while others see it as a higher standard. 4911:

occurs in different cultures in Africa, Asia and South America. It is not mandated by any religion, but has become a tradition in many cultures. It is considered a violation of women's and girl's rights by much of the international community, and is outlawed in some countries.

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achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or

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This is held to be true because without civil and political rights the public cannot assert their economic, social and cultural rights. Similarly, without livelihoods and a working society, the public cannot assert or make use of civil or political rights (known as the

4026:, founded in 1949, is the oldest organisation working for European integration. It is an international organisation with legal personality recognised under public international law and has observer status with the United Nations. The seat of the Council of Europe is in 12174: 14534: 3733:) exist to take action where the national legal system of a state is unable to try the case itself. If national law is able to safeguard human rights and punish those who breach human rights legislation, it has primary jurisdiction by complementarity. Only when all 3797:

consisting of fifty-five African states. Established in 2001, the AU's purpose is to help secure Africa's democracy, human rights, and a sustainable economy, especially by bringing an end to intra-African conflict and creating an effective common market. The

2766:. Augustine was among the earliest to examine the legitimacy of the laws of man, and attempt to define the boundaries of what laws and rights occur naturally based on wisdom and conscience, instead of being arbitrarily imposed by mortals, and if people are 7361: 6444:

typically provided by the husband. Parents who choose to have their daughters cut consider their decision to be necessary, if not beneficial, for their daughter's future marriage prospects, in light of the financial and social constraints they may face.

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argues that human rights are justifiable on the grounds of their instrumental value in creating the necessary conditions for human well-being. Interest theories highlight the duty to respect the rights of other individuals on grounds of self-interest:

3664:. All States parties are obliged to submit reports to the committee on how the rights are being implemented. The Committee examines each report and addresses its concerns and recommendations to the State party in the form of "concluding observations". 4757:

The ideal of free human beings enjoying civil and political freedom and freedom from fear and want can only be achieved if conditions are created whereby everyone may enjoy his civil and political rights, as well as his social, economic and cultural

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domestically. All tacitly realized that for their own discriminated-against minorities to acquire leverage on the basis of legally being able to claim enforcement of these wide-reaching rights would create pressures that would be political dynamite.

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backs its claim on the grounds that the crime committed is considered a crime against all, which any state is authorized to punish. The concept of universal jurisdiction is therefore closely linked to the idea that certain international norms are

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argues that the traditional human rights framework fails to be universal, because it arose from contingent aspects of Western culture, and that the concept of inalienable and unconditional human rights is in tension with the principle of

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of daughters is argued to be similarly driven in large part to increase their marriage prospects and thus their financial security by achieving certain idealized standards of beauty. In certain areas, girls requiring the experience of

8994: 3759:(NHRIs) have been set up to protect, promote or monitor human rights with jurisdiction in a given country. Although not all NHRIs are compliant with the Paris Principles, the number and effect of these institutions is increasing. The 3453:. These organisations collect evidence and documentation of human rights abuses and apply pressure to promote human rights. Educating people on the concept of human rights has been argued as a strategy to prevent human rights abuses. 3609:

and conducts regular reviews of countries' performance. It can make judgments on complaints against member states allowing it, but these are not legally binding. It issues warnings to attempt to prevent serious contraventions of the

13866: 6986: 4500:, stemming from different philosophical or religious grounds. Other theories hold that human rights codify moral behavior which is a human social product developed by a process of biological and social evolution (associated with 3366:

sanctions on offending authoritarian governments strengthen that government's position domestically as governments would still have more mechanisms to find funding than their critics and opposition, who become further weakened.

13617: 14773: 12069: 4665:. Locke turned Hobbes' prescription around, saying that if the ruler went against natural law and failed to protect "life, liberty, and property," people could justifiably overthrow the existing state and create a new one. 3661: 13612: 3147:

Some of the UDHR was researched and written by a committee of international experts on human rights, including representatives from all continents and all major religions, and drawing on consultation with leaders such as

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Human rights law, applied to a State's own citizens serves the interest of states, by, for example, minimizing the risk of violent resistance and protest and by keeping the level of dissatisfaction with the government

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equality and brotherhood in the first two articles, followed successively by rights pertaining to individuals; rights of individuals in relation to each other and to groups; spiritual, public and political rights; and

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taken as standard elsewhere. For example, in 1981, the Iranian representative to the United Nations, Said Rajaie-Khorassani, articulated the position of his country regarding the UDHR by saying that the UDHR was "a

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The UN Human Rights Council, created in 2005, has a mandate to investigate alleged human rights violations. 47 of the 193 UN member states sit on the council, elected by simple majority in a secret ballot of the

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Several theoretical approaches have been advanced to explain how and why human rights become part of social expectations. One of the oldest Western philosophies on human rights is that they are a product of a

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member states to intervene to protect populations from atrocities. It has been cited as justification in the use of recent military interventions. An example of an intervention that is often criticized is the

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We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

3847:(OAS) is an international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States. Its members are the thirty-five independent states of the Americas. Over the course of the 1990s, with the end of the 14346: 8107: 3654: 12024: 11921: 4858:

All human rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent and related. The international community must treat human rights globally in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing, and with the same

6398: 4038:. These institutions bind the council's members to a code of human rights which, though strict, are more lenient than those of the United Nations charter on human rights. The council also promotes the 6427: 13659: 12034: 4643:

being cannot change or abrogate" natural law, which "would maintain its objective validity even if we should assume the impossible, that there is no God or that he does not care for human affairs." (

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the emergency must be actual, affect the whole population and the threat must be to the very existence of the nation. The declaration of emergency must also be a last resort and a temporary measure.

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minister in 2014, with increased pressure on human rights organizations, rising intimidation of academics and journalists, and a spate of bigoted attacks, including lynchings, aimed at Muslims.

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There are no Asia-wide organisations or conventions to promote or protect human rights. Countries vary widely in their approach to human rights and their record of human rights protection. The

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Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law.

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Priorities, where necessary, should adhere to core concepts (such as reasonable attempts at progressive realization) and principles (such as non-discrimination, equality and participation.

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Ancient peoples did not have the same modern-day conception of universal human rights. However, the concept has in some sense existed for centuries, although not in the same way as today.

16153: 13679: 11682: 3222: 1420: 13639: 3606: 3551:) are retained by the council to investigate alleged human rights abuses and to report to the council. The Human Rights Council may request that the Security Council refer cases to the 3231: 2833:

each made a range of oppressive governmental actions, illegal. Two major revolutions occurred during the 18th century, in the United States (1776) and in France (1789), leading to the

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and receives states' reports on their performance every four years and comments on them. Its subcommittee may visit and inspect countries which have opted into the Optional Protocol.

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on girls are designed to make them more appealing as marriage prospects. Measures to help the economic status of vulnerable groups in order to reduce human rights violations include

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side called into question the concept of universality. The debate centered on which "rights" – political, economic, and social – were to be included among the Universal Instruments

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the primary goal of the ILO today is to promote opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work, in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity.

2743:. From this foundation, the modern human rights arguments emerged over the latter half of the 20th century, possibly as a reaction to slavery, torture, genocide, and war crimes. 13336: 12924: 12359: 11176: 3617:. It receives states' reports on their performance and comments on them, and can make judgments on complaints against countries which have opted into the 1999 Optional Protocol. 3575: 2937:

Many groups and movements have managed to achieve profound social changes over the course of the 20th century in the name of human rights. In Western Europe and North America,

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is paramount, because breaches of rights committed in other countries are outside states' sovereign interest and because states could use the principle for political reasons.

3598: 3204: 7220: 7018: 2621:. From this foundation, modern human rights arguments emerged over the latter half of the 20th century, possibly as a reaction to slavery, torture, genocide, and war crimes. 14694: 5486:. Retrieved 14 August 2014, "the rights that everyone should have in a society, including the right to express opinions about the government or to have protection from harm" 5447: 3642:

and makes comments on reports submitted by states every five years. It will have the power to receive complaints of specific violations only once ten member states allow it.

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that took place in 1550 and 1551. The thought of the School of Salamanca, especially through Francisco Vitoria, also contributed to the promotion of European natural law.

4851:". The term inalienable rights (or unalienable rights) refers to "a set of human rights that are fundamental, are not awarded by human power, and cannot be surrendered". 2934:, wrote "By the protection of the law, human rights are secured; withdraw that protection and they are at the mercy of wicked rulers or the clamor of an excited people." 14748: 13814: 12840: 12791: 5070:. Non-State actors can also commit human rights abuses, but are not subject to human rights law other than International Humanitarian Law, which applies to individuals. 3910:

rights violations referred to it. Under the latter, it issues opinions on matters of legal interpretation brought to its attention by other OAS bodies or member states.

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The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (the IACHR) is an autonomous organ of the Organization of American States, also based in Washington, D.C. Along with the

2525:, and imposing an obligation on individuals to respect the human rights of others; it is generally considered that they should not be taken away except as a result of 12809: 4945:

To say that freedom is Western or unAsian is to offend our traditions as well as our forefathers, who gave their lives in the struggle against tyranny and injustices.

14654: 14579: 11188: 9483: 8078: 8100: 16647: 13326: 13262: 13215: 12979: 12493: 11953: 11707: 5110:. These were considered by the Human Rights Commission in 2004, but have no binding status on corporations and are not monitored. Additionally, the United Nations 4508:). These approaches include the notion that individuals in a society accept rules from legitimate authority in exchange for security and economic advantage (as in 1928: 5701: 4966:

also states that it is racist to assert that Asians do not want human rights. An appeal is often made to the fact that influential human rights thinkers, such as

14709: 14689: 13664: 13480: 12169: 10900: 9518: 5910: 6390: 15693: 14306: 13963: 13649: 12774: 12273: 11702: 11687: 11252: 952: 9119: 8280:(2005). "Ships Passing in the Night: The Current State of the Human Rights and Development Debate seen through the Lens of the Millennium Development Goals". 7534: 6420: 14704: 14669: 14453: 13943: 13529: 13131: 12049: 5675: 4530:

Natural law theories base human rights on a "natural" moral, religious or even biological order which is independent of transitory human laws or traditions.

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in 1948. Ancient peoples did not share the modern-day conception of universal human rights. The true forerunner of human rights discourse was the concept of

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In accordance with the Paris Principles and the ICC Sub-Committee Rules of Procedure, the following classifications for accreditation are used by the ICC:

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Many examples of legal instruments at the international, regional and national level described below are designed to enforce laws securing human rights.

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Scott, C. (1989). "The Interdependence and Permeability of Human Rights Norms: Towards a Partial Fusion of the International Covenants on Human Rights".

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as they believe certain crimes pose a threat to the international community as a whole and the community has a moral duty to act, but others, including

14788: 14684: 13953: 13634: 13512: 13091: 13037: 12954: 12870: 12855: 12390: 10765: 6499: 3977: 3799: 3698: 4565:). Of these, Aristotle is often said to be the father of natural law, although evidence for this is due largely to the interpretations of his work by 17042: 16425: 14619: 14614: 14609: 14604: 14599: 14594: 14589: 14574: 14569: 14564: 14089: 13232: 12949: 12266: 11850: 11712: 11267: 3594: 2337: 1700: 8140: 5787: 5479: 4065:, but the latter is expected to accede to the European Convention and potentially the Council itself. The EU has its own human rights document; the 15852: 13507: 13287: 12779: 12745: 12666: 12498: 12243: 11697: 11597: 9478: 6458: 6358: 4070: 3722: 3277: 2469: 1119: 8000: 5649: 14415: 14410: 14405: 14400: 14384: 14063: 13707: 13702: 13558: 13056: 12114: 11959: 11869: 11692: 7320: 6905: 6861:"National Human Rights Institutions – Implementing Human Rights", Executive Director Morten Kjærum, The Danish Institute for Human Rights, 2003. 3813: 3702: 3297:

ruled, for the first time in history, that the Swiss government had violated human rights by not acting strongly enough to stop climate change.

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cultures and threaten their survival. Rights which are most often contested with relativistic arguments are the rights of women. For example,

13995: 13759: 13272: 13267: 13242: 13106: 12929: 12880: 12757: 12733: 12463: 12395: 12218: 10930: 6062: 3824: 13395: 6961:"Protocol to the African Charter on Human Rights and Peoples's Rights on the Establishment of an African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights" 5414: 4806:

If every possible human rights element is deemed to be essential or necessary, then nothing will be treated as though it is truly important.

16430: 15147: 14196: 14024: 13958: 13502: 12989: 12228: 11642: 11632: 11627: 11357: 10275: 9705: 3446: 1705: 6765:"National Human Right Institutions Forum – An international forum for researchers and practitioners in the field of national human rights" 6009:, "First Principles of Racial Equality: History and the Politics and Diplomacy of Human Rights Provisions in the United Nations Charter", 5379: 16400: 15994: 15526: 14646: 14476: 14435: 13316: 12223: 12044: 11662: 11647: 11582: 11572: 11402: 11277: 8564: 7623: 7446: 7132: 6623: 6120: 1675: 1261: 777: 8026: 6569: 6169: 15678: 15061: 14560: 14441: 14299: 14051: 13985: 13697: 13624: 13607: 12969: 12919: 12845: 12786: 12722: 12528: 12488: 11980: 11932: 11732: 11517: 11502: 11332: 11317: 9488: 6790: 937: 7249: 6879: 5515: 5332:

James Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,

3543:. Members serve a maximum of six years and may have their membership suspended for gross human rights abuses. The council is based in 3016:

also had a mandate to promote and safeguard certain of the rights later included in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR):

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B: Observer Status – Not fully in compliance with the Paris Principles or insufficient information provided to make a determination;

4924:

tradition", which could not be implemented by Muslims without trespassing the Islamic law. The former Prime Ministers of Singapore,

15608: 15496: 15239: 14057: 13891: 13178: 13116: 13076: 12964: 12628: 12590: 11752: 11677: 11587: 11542: 11487: 11407: 11367: 11347: 10119: 9303: 9049: 7207: 5730: 4504:). Human rights are also described as a sociological pattern of rule setting (as in the sociological theory of law and the work of 2977: 859: 747: 8480: 8169: 4300: 264: 17263: 12865: 12718: 12648: 12410: 11804: 11774: 11742: 11727: 11617: 11577: 11562: 11557: 11522: 11472: 11427: 11362: 11342: 11337: 11322: 11307: 11297: 11292: 11282: 9759: 9592: 8223: 7050: 6742: 5944: 5186:

Critics of the view that human rights are universal argue that human rights are a Western concept that "emanate from a European,

3820:

human and peoples' rights and, should the case arise, give its views or make recommendations to governments" (Charter, Art. 45).

3380: 6934: 3076:(UDHR) is a non-binding declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948, partly in response to the events of 17143: 15857: 15618: 15446: 15431: 15426: 15272: 13497: 13420: 13277: 13252: 12697: 11942: 11892: 11722: 11717: 11672: 11622: 11607: 11592: 11552: 11537: 11512: 11477: 11412: 11372: 11352: 11287: 11227: 10988: 10207: 5758:

Hazeltine, H. D. (1917). "The Influence of Magna Carta on American Constitutional Development". In Malden, Henry Elliot (ed.).

5444: 3937: 3470: 3211: 2438: 1124: 869: 697: 682: 677: 507: 6960: 5336: 3425:

Human rights abuses are monitored by United Nations committees, national institutions and governments and by many independent

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discussed natural rights in his work, identifying them as being "life, liberty, and estate (property)", and argued that such

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In August 2003, the Human Rights Commission's Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights produced draft

3940:(ASEAN) is a geo-political and economic organization of 10 countries located in Southeast Asia, which was formed in 1967 by 16206: 15501: 15323: 14952: 14937: 13928: 13551: 13321: 12907: 12892: 12875: 12518: 12420: 12344: 11612: 11602: 11467: 11462: 11392: 7831: 7106: 4145: 3879: 3628: 3127: 2941:

brought about laws granting workers the right to strike, establishing minimum work conditions and forbidding or regulating

2462: 1481: 752: 566: 109: 9156:. (1992) Individual Responsibility in International Law for Serious Human Rights Violations, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 8993:

Sepulveda, Magdalena; van Banning, Theo; Gudmundsdottir, Gudrun D.; Chamoun, Christine; van Genugten, Willem J.M. (2004).

4764:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights

16852: 16522: 16435: 16326: 15984: 15804: 15436: 15421: 14793: 14019: 14014: 13438: 13306: 13168: 13071: 12994: 12934: 12369: 12161: 12129: 11312: 9296: 5235: 5225: 4456: 4241: 4031: 3891: 3855:, the OAS made major efforts to reinvent itself to fit the new context. Its stated priorities now include the following: 3533: 3503: 3329: 3290: 2927: 2139: 1797: 1710: 1601: 1251: 1069: 687: 672: 420: 205: 8075:"Norms on the responsibilities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises with regard to human rights" 3403:

which subsidize parents who keep children in school rather than contributing to family income, has successfully reduced

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Norms on the responsibilities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises with regard to human rights

16058: 15889: 15375: 15353: 15171: 14826: 14125: 13809: 13541: 13410: 13141: 13121: 13061: 13046: 12523: 12473: 12321: 12297: 11965: 11840: 11134: 10950: 8812:'Formats Are a Tool for the Quest for Truth': HURIDOCS Human Rights Materials for Library and Human Rights Workers". 8257: 7351:"ASEAN Human Rights Declaration (AHRD) and the Phnom Penh Statement on the Adoption of the AHRD and Its Translations" 4794: 4150: 3635:

and makes comments on reports submitted by states every five years. It does not have the power to receive complaints.

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Akbarzadeh, Shahram; Saba, Arif (2020). "UN paralysis over Syria: the responsibility to protect or regime change?".

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Accredited by the International Cooordinating Committee of National Institutions for the Promotion of Human Rights

5744: 4733:. He proposes an alternative framework called "credit human rights", in which rights are tied to responsibilities. 4482: 4017: 2965:. Movements by long-oppressed racial and religious minorities succeeded in many parts of the world, among them the 2674: 2094: 1923: 1817: 1256: 1146: 446: 7420: 5671: 16395: 15896: 15648: 15451: 13792: 13210: 13195: 12764: 12740: 12458: 12374: 11159: 11088: 11078: 10880: 10815: 9860: 8761: 8418: 7560: 7184: 5111: 4117: 4107: 3931: 3844: 3540: 3499: 3293:

officially recognized "having a clean, healthy and sustainable environment" as a human right. In April 2024, the

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Möller, Hans-Georg. "How to distinguish friends from enemies: Human rights rhetoric and western mass media". in

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This does not include the Vatican, which although recognised as an independent state, is not a member of the UN.

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Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol)

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United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1514 (XV) Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples

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Confucianism and Reflexive Modernity: Bringing Community back to Human Rights in the Age of Global Risk Society

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There are many countries in Africa accused of human rights violations by the international community and NGOs.

3694: 3547:, and meets three times a year; with additional meetings to respond to urgent situations. Independent experts ( 3426: 3294: 2989: 2842: 2767: 762: 15658: 8399:

Cope, K., Crabtree, C., & Fariss, C. (2020). "Patterns of disagreement in indicators of state repression"

8101:"Report on the Economic and Social Council on the Sixtieth Session of the Commission (E/CN.4/2004/L.11/Add.7)" 8048: 7158: 5443:

Gary J. Bass (book reviewer), Samuel Moyn (author of book being reviewed), 20 October 2010, The New Republic,

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The United Nations (UN) is the only multilateral governmental agency with universally accepted international

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International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families

2369: 2079: 742: 20: 12258: 7282: 6820:

A(R): Accreditation with reserve – granted where insufficient documentation is submitted to confer A status;

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ed. by Marguerite Ross Barnett and James A. Hefner (Port Washington, N.Y.: Alfred Publishing, 1976), p, 179.

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concept of natural law into Christianity. Natural law theories have featured greatly in the philosophies of

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In addition to the political bodies whose mandate flows from the UN charter, the UN has set up a number of

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The Human Rights Reader: Major Political Essays, Speeches, and Documents from Ancient Times to the Present

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Han, Sang-Jin (2020). "A Universal but Non-Hegemonic Approach to Human Rights in International Politics".

2785:

From this foundation, the modern human rights arguments emerged over the latter half of the 20th century.

28: 16985: 16837: 16256: 15847: 15793: 14182: 13066: 12885: 12155:

Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention)

11835: 11083: 10241: 9752: 9679: 9669: 9585: 9554: 9335: 5476: 5245: 4661: 4268: 4263: 4112: 3262: 2280: 2126: 1531: 1114: 1052: 232: 227: 76: 13225: 7080: 6491:"How to stop children working – Focus on reducing poverty and helping parents instead of punishing them" 6022:

Henry J. Richardson III, "Black People, Technocracy, and Legal Process: Thoughts, Fears, and Goals", in

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The adherence to the principle of indivisibility by the international community was reaffirmed in 1995:

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Human Rights in the World: An Introduction to the Study of the International Protection of Human Rights

6840: 6686:"Cour internationale de Justice – International Court of Justice | International Court of Justice" 5629: 5215: 5142: 5084: 4902:

Map: Estimated prevalence of Female Genital Cutting (FGC) in Africa. Data based on uncertain estimates.

4196: 4140: 3450: 3173:, the declarations did not apply to domestic discrimination or racism. Henry J. Richardson III argued: 3153: 2800: 2543: 2389: 1136: 797: 512: 160: 104: 9258: 7180: 6909: 6693: 4716:

theory considers the comparative reproductive advantage of human social behavior based on empathy and

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movements in many countries succeeded in driving out colonial powers. One of the most influential was

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where the goal of preventing atrocities is alleged to have taken upon itself the broader mandate of

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on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence against Women (Belém do Pará Convention)

10860: 10588: 10350: 10310: 10300: 10248: 9111:

Sobel, Meghan, and Karen McIntyre. "Journalists' Perceptions of Human Rights Reporting in Rwanda".

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Rights that cannot be derogated for reasons of national security in any circumstances are known as

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Thomism and Aristotelianism; A Study of the Commentary by Thomas Aquinas on the Nicomachean Ethics

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aims to substantially reduce inequality by 2030 through the promotion of appropriate legislation.

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Istrefi, Remzije. "International Security Presence in Kosovo and its Human Rights Implications."

5411: 5172:. Such International law obligations are binding on all states and cannot be modified by treaty. 4823:

the call for prioritizing is not to suggest that any obvious violations of rights can be ignored.

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which may be invoked under appropriate circumstances by state judiciaries and other judiciaries.

2830: 2732: 2630: 2610: 2285: 2265: 2121: 2111: 2069: 1685: 1526: 1375: 1370: 1340: 1335: 1278: 1213: 1198: 1131: 1104: 1089: 463: 16048: 8856: 5863:"Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color" 3883: 3705:. The ICJ settles disputes between nations. The ICJ does not have jurisdiction over individuals. 1315: 17089: 17062: 17052: 16532: 16512: 16375: 16246: 16138: 16083: 16053: 16033: 15961: 15941: 15916: 15911: 15906: 15817: 15788: 15761: 15732: 15727: 15653: 15318: 15308: 15154: 14947: 14920: 13918: 13380: 13101: 12060:

Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families

11769: 11232: 11171: 11154: 11062: 10810: 10800: 10389: 10320: 10305: 9786: 9745: 9578: 9559: 9534: 9427: 7307: 6112: 5376: 5181: 5014: 5005: 4351: 4011: 3784: 3583: 3416: 3333: 3095:

of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world

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Freedman, Lynn P.; Isaacs, Stephen L. (Jan–Feb 1993). "Human Rights and Reproductive Choice".

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to give its court's jurisdiction over crimes against humanity in other countries, and in 1998

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based his philosophy of international law on natural law. He wrote that "even the will of an

4436: 4376: 4236: 4231: 4166: 3430: 2966: 2686: 2570: 2547: 2546:. While there is consensus that human rights encompass a wide variety of rights, such as the 2352: 2312: 2245: 2134: 2084: 2003: 1752: 1516: 1415: 1390: 1385: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1295: 1243: 1203: 1109: 1079: 969: 571: 400: 340: 200: 195: 130: 13948: 9044:

Shelton, Dinah. "Self-Determination in Regional Human Rights Law: From Kosovo to Cameroon".

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in the sense of being the same for everyone. They are regarded as requiring empathy and the

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There exist a number of internationally recognized organisations with worldwide mandate or

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that he was trying to enlist his readers in "the great cause of human rights", so the term

2720: 2678: 2650: with: More information about human rights prior to the Enlightenment. You can help by 2598: 2223: 1737: 1611: 1430: 1310: 1268: 1218: 1193: 1001: 964: 692: 546: 439: 375: 259: 170: 155: 150: 140: 13867:

International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World

7054: 5836: 8: 17104: 16965: 16600: 16502: 16482: 16271: 16179: 16133: 16113: 16078: 15971: 15766: 15571: 13836: 12213: 11861: 11109: 10940: 10805: 10675: 10465: 10394: 10151: 10124: 10107: 10095: 9917: 9873: 9643: 9460: 9407: 9370: 8796: 4881: 4426: 4406: 4346: 4280: 4181: 3653:. It has the power to receive complaints against the countries which have opted into the 3388: 2954: 2917: 2826: 2796: 2736: 2614: 2399: 2260: 1881: 1777: 1757: 1546: 1454: 1400: 1380: 1345: 1238: 1025: 822: 390: 370: 310: 244: 145: 12652: 9248: 8432: 5724: 5148:

limited or even pushed aside during times of national emergency, although it clarifies:

4872:

This statement was again endorsed at the 2005 World Summit in New York (paragraph 121).

4593: 3169:), this principle was later subject to significant challenges. On the issue of the term 2791:

is an English charter originally issued in 1215 which influenced the development of the

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International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

6738: 6290: 6271: 5956: 5498:

International technical guidance on sexuality education: an evidence-informed approach

5039: 3555:(ICC) even if the issue being referred is outside the normal jurisdiction of the ICC. 37:

or "Great Charter" was one of the world's first documents containing commitments by a

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which was later influential on human rights and civil rights thinkers. United States

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International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid

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on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities

11237: 10551: 10541: 10367: 10315: 10219: 10083: 9972: 9922: 9900: 9895: 9826: 9473: 9422: 9197: 8686: 8538: 8404: 8289: 7984: 7783: 6964: 6330: 6285: 6203: 5874: 5641: 5035: 4971: 4933: 4885: 4742: 4677:" in popularity, because the rights are less and less frequently seen as requiring 4625: 4396: 3026:

Report by the Director General for the International Labour Conference 87th Session

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Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)

9171:

The Idea of Natural Rights: Studies on Natural Rights, Natural Law, and Church Law

8912: 7496:"Council of Europe – European Union: "A sole ambition for the European Continent"" 5645: 5333: 5075:

Multinational companies often view their primary responsibility as being to their

5066:

Companies, NGOs, political parties, informal groups, and individuals are known as

2795:

and many later constitutional documents related to human rights, such as the 1689

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A World Made New: Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

8518: 8425: 8049:"Transnational corporations should be held to human rights standards – UN expert" 6724: 6238: 6057: 5914: 5602: 5541: 5483: 5451: 5418: 5383: 5340: 5250: 5205: 5187: 5166: 5051: 4921: 4893: 4659:

incorporated natural law into many of his theories and philosophy, especially in

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for universal human rights legislation. All UN organs have advisory roles to the

3266: 3226: 2822: 2409: 2317: 2213: 2154: 2008: 1993: 1973: 1938: 1645: 1556: 1491: 1273: 1223: 996: 842: 432: 385: 355: 325: 320: 222: 14159: 8717: 8705: 7102: 3235: 2841:

respectively, both of which articulated certain human rights. Additionally, the

17109: 17067: 17037: 17027: 16945: 16938: 16923: 16913: 16749: 16685: 16627: 16622: 16607: 16390: 16385: 16380: 16266: 16201: 15715: 15688: 15536: 15248: 15176: 12637: 12438: 11212: 10955: 10875: 10830: 10770: 10735: 10527: 10440: 10345: 10253: 10044: 9878: 9801: 9273: 8838: 8647: 6391:"Ethiopian drought leading to dramatic increase in child marriage Unicef warns" 6359:"Sanctions Against Sudan Didn't Harm an Oppressive Government — They Helped It" 6142: 5303:

in Sudan to the ICC despite the fact that Sudan has a functioning legal system.

5270: 5220: 4963: 4674: 4630: 4597: 4589: 4581: 4566: 4525: 4386: 4366: 4310: 4062: 3991:(ACHR) was adopted by the Council of the League of Arab States on 22 May 2004. 3481: 3324: 3149: 2958: 2404: 2362: 2332: 2322: 2240: 2233: 2218: 2208: 2030: 1966: 1908: 1903: 1888: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1541: 1476: 974: 947: 787: 471: 350: 330: 274: 9201: 8690: 7787: 6207: 6143:"Access to a healthy environment, declared a human right by UN rights council" 4054:

and are able and willing to guarantee democracy, fundamental human rights and

3655:

Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

3613:

The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women monitors the

3122: 17232: 17121: 16744: 16680: 16665: 16527: 16492: 16472: 16343: 16286: 16221: 15613: 15516: 15107: 12288: 11922:

Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples

10910: 10795: 10710: 10655: 10515: 10435: 10330: 10180: 10173: 10066: 10019: 9912: 9768: 9288: 9166: 9153: 9129: 8277: 6215: 5886: 5265: 5200: 5088: 4950: 4799: 4780:

education, health and housing. For example, in the United States there is no

4725: 4669: 4617: 4601: 4381: 4171: 3852: 3790: 3777: 3442: 3400: 3345: 3188: 2694: 2578: 2502: 2416: 2025: 1961: 1946: 1802: 1767: 1747: 1618: 1561: 1496: 864: 767: 345: 135: 9737: 8730:

In Defense of Human Rights: A Non-Religious Grounding in a Pluralistic World

8489:

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. International Progress Organization.

8383:

Evolution and Ethics: Human Morality in Biological and Religious Perspective

7685: 7386: 3772: 3214:) have been offered at the international level. They are generally known as 16955: 16670: 16637: 16617: 16547: 16537: 16517: 16497: 16128: 16021: 16016: 15747: 15722: 15581: 15521: 15486: 15456: 15132: 15112: 15056: 14957: 14932: 14894: 14889: 14336: 14260: 14164: 14041: 13901: 12902: 11052: 10945: 10745: 10496: 10470: 10379: 10061: 10049: 9997: 9957: 9952: 9816: 9811: 9684: 9638: 9618: 9380: 9186:"Tolerant Imperialism: John Stuart Mill's Defense of British Rule in India" 9094: 8607:

The History of Human Rights: From Ancient Times to the Era of Globalization

7442: 6299: 5230: 5080: 5076: 4925: 4636: 4605: 4330: 4325: 4290: 4216: 4201: 3686: 3495: 3315: 3166: 3077: 2883: 2846: 2250: 1951: 1918: 1898: 1822: 1812: 1792: 1772: 1395: 1288: 1283: 1006: 981: 832: 772: 737: 707: 294: 289: 254: 180: 165: 8872:

International encyclopedia of human rights: freedoms, abuses, and remedies

8293: 7912:. Activating Human Rights and Diversity Conference (Byron Bay, Australia). 5042:

under the universal jurisdiction principle. The principle is supported by

3638:

The Committee on Migrant Workers was established in 2004 and monitors the

3245:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

3241:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

16857: 16817: 16785: 16652: 16612: 16452: 16365: 16316: 16291: 16191: 15874: 15603: 15586: 15541: 15461: 14879: 14768: 14255: 14130: 13944:

Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Mandela Rules)

11784: 11057: 11047: 10885: 10633: 10628: 10620: 10605: 10430: 10335: 10146: 9982: 9947: 9927: 9907: 9885: 9850: 9075: 8992: 8788: 8408: 6796:. National Human Rights Institutions Forum. November 2007. Archived from 6421:"Leveraging education to end female gential mutilation/cutting worldwide" 5395: 4839: 4789: 4690: 4678: 4521: 4497: 4051: 3949: 3564: 3404: 3158: 3057: 3048: 3009: 2981: 2942: 2938: 2811: 2787: 2747: 2716: 2594: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2490: 2144: 2106: 2074: 1933: 1893: 1727: 1640: 1591: 1566: 1466: 1141: 854: 837: 792: 712: 33: 17193: 7996: 7468: 6342: 3764:

Principles list a number of responsibilities for national institutions.

2639: 17210: 17131: 17126: 17007: 17002: 16898: 16882: 16739: 16632: 16590: 16552: 16360: 16348: 16321: 16311: 16231: 15630: 15625: 15596: 15531: 15380: 14864: 14250: 14031: 13096: 12596:

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)

10416: 10404: 10374: 10340: 10280: 9962: 9700: 8672:"Barbarian thoughts: imperialism in the philosophy of John Stuart Mill" 8511: 7416: 6276: 5894: 5862: 5134: 5122: 5023: 5019: 4967: 4917: 4656: 4640: 4613: 4509: 4501: 4027: 4004: 3713: 3605:

The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination monitors the

3081: 2814: 2792: 2724: 2602: 2426: 2421: 2302: 2297: 2193: 2169: 2020: 1913: 1871: 1827: 1635: 1623: 1596: 1586: 1506: 881: 876: 847: 782: 623: 7556: 6321:

Mueller, John; Mueller, Karl (1999). "Sanctions of mass destruction".

4985:

reaffirmed the international community's adherence to this principle:

3697:(ICJ) is the United Nations' primary judiciary body. It has worldwide 2613:. This concept featured prominently in the political discourse of the 2536:

and global and regional institutions. The precise meaning of the term

17032: 16980: 16697: 16296: 15406: 14501: 14174: 11809: 10850: 10687: 10422: 10384: 9977: 9791: 9449: 8923:

Paul, Ellen Frankel; Miller, Fred Dycus; Paul, Jeffrey (eds) (2001).

8077:. UN Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. 7988: 6334: 5375:

The United Nations, Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights,

4989:

The universal nature of human rights and freedoms is beyond question.

4785:

rights, but have often failed to provide civil and political rights.

4547: 4539: 4505: 3941: 3162: 2327: 2275: 1978: 1571: 657: 38: 17205: 9148:

Remaking Rwanda: State building and human rights after mass violence

8641: 8561:

Historical Dictionary of Human Rights and Humanitarian Organizations

5878: 3223:

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide

3108:

The UDHR was framed by members of the Human Rights Commission, with

16997: 16827: 16754: 16405: 16331: 16236: 16196: 15561: 15556: 15551: 15476: 15471: 15416: 15181: 15066: 15003: 14869: 14854: 14491: 13021: 13009: 12040:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination

11242: 10840: 10536: 10357: 10185: 10100: 10039: 10002: 9628: 9417: 8413:

Cross, Frank B. "The relevance of law in human rights protection."

7154: 5604:

Mobilizing for Human Rights: International Law in Domestic Politics

5543:

Mobilizing for Human Rights: International Law in Domestic Politics

5022:, or owed to the entire world community, as well as the concept of 4929: 4717: 4574: 4531: 3973: 3953: 3945: 3848: 3420: 3232:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination

3183: 2973:

movements, on behalf of women and minorities in the United States.

2555: 2486: 2292: 2116: 2035: 1680: 1606: 1511: 1471: 812: 807: 802: 727: 722: 667: 8857:"Principles, Publicity, and Politics: Notes on Human Rights Media" 8666:(reprint of 1952 edition published by University of Chicago Press) 7387:"English Version of the Statute of the Arab Court of Human Rights" 4092: 3851:, the return to democracy in Latin America, and the thrust toward 56: 15481: 15385: 15365: 15338: 15313: 15217: 15008: 14874: 13939:

Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice

12606: 11799: 11794: 10755: 10610: 10522: 8971:

Rule of Law, Legitimate Governance and Development in the Pacific

7286: 6523:"Holocaust Key to Understanding ISIS, Says UN Human Rights Chief" 5908:

Eleanor Roosevelt: Address to the United Nations General Assembly

5027: 4730: 4713: 4061:

The Council of Europe is an organisation that is not part of the

4055: 3969: 3961: 3375: 2759: 2711:

The true forerunner of human rights discourse was the concept of

2551: 732: 628: 608: 581: 556: 479: 14993: 14535:

Presidents and vice-presidents of the Assembly of States Parties

9570: 8822:

All on Fire: William Lloyd Garrison and the Abolition of Slavery

6935:"Mandate of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights" 5038:

was arrested in London following an indictment by Spanish judge

2532:

The doctrine of human rights has been highly influential within

16457: 15466: 15370: 15348: 15343: 15293: 13086: 13004: 12974: 12939: 12508: 12483: 12469:

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)

12360:

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights

11779: 10966: 10775: 9604: 9601: 9434: 8224:"What do we really talk about when we talk about human rights?" 6662:

The United Nations and human rights : a critical appraisal

5300: 4084: 3544: 3053: 2538: 2510: 1732: 717: 613: 591: 586: 536: 48: 12085:

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

11948:

Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women

8780:(1999). "Universal Human Rights and 'Human Rights in Islam'". 8311:

Darwinian Natural Right: The Biological Ethics of Human Nature

5945:"The Rule of Law in The Universal Declaration of Human Rights" 4999: 4747: 3984:

was adopted unanimously by ASEAN members on 18 November 2012.

3712:(ICC) is the body responsible for investigating and punishing 3205:

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

2719:

tradition. It developed in new directions during the European

2597:

tradition and developed in new directions during the European

16467: 15298: 15013: 14998: 14774:

American Non-Governmental Organizations Coalition for the ICC

12984: 12484:

UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

11904: 10740: 10730: 10725: 10197: 10192: 9134:

International Human Rights in Context: Law, Politics, Morals.

7531:"Historical Background to the European Court of Human Rights" 7076: 6739:"The Resource Part II: The International Human Rights System" 5949:

Northwestern University Journal of International Human Rights

5255: 4585: 4557: 4535: 4030:

in France. The Council of Europe is responsible for both the

3341: 2891: 2735:, and featured prominently in the political discourse of the 2494: 1742: 541: 9284:

The Universal Human Rights Index of United Nations documents

8166:"The Resource Part II: Human Rights in Times of Emergencies" 7557:"About the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture" 7321:"ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR)" 7053:. African International Courts and Tribunals. Archived from 6836: 6716:

Multilateral treaties deposited with the Secretary-General:

5299:

The Security Council referred the human rights situation in

4816:

He, and others, urge caution with prioritisation of rights:

3486: 3259: 17079: 16908: 14849: 12454:

Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)

12449:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)

11789: 10870: 6685: 6034: 6032: 5990: 5988: 5986: 5567: 5565: 5563: 3965: 3337: 2950: 2878:

approved by the National Assembly of France, 26 August 1789

2509:. They are commonly understood as inalienable, fundamental 2374: 2203: 11891: 9283: 9063:

Shellens, Max Salomon (1959). "Aristotle on Natural Law".

7744: 5926:(A/RES/217, 10 December 1948 at Palais de Chaillot, Paris) 4898: 4655:), that made natural law no longer dependent on theology. 2949:

movement succeeded in gaining for many women the right to

9484:

International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia

8762:"A Conservative Call For Universal Access To Health Care" 8106:. United Nations Commission on Human Rights. p. 81. 7952: 7889: 7865: 7855: 7853: 6426:. International Center for Research on Women. p. 3. 5729:. Vol. 1. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 83. 5410:

Burns H. Weston, 20 March 2014, Encyclopædia Britannica,

3311: 3091:

recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and

11954:

Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women

8905:

The international human rights movement : a history

8571:

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

8191:

Shaheed, Ahmed; Richter, Rose Parris (17 October 2018).

7940: 6584: 6546: 6093: 6029: 5983: 5560: 3737:

have been exhausted does international law take effect.

3464: 3037: 2992:, to be further developed following the two World Wars. 10855: 9519:

International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals

9278: 8944:

Robertson, Arthur Henry; Merrills, John Graham (1996).

8446:

2nd ed. Ithaca & London: Cornell University Press.

6987:"Protocol of the Court of Justice of the African Union" 6768: 5117: 4953:, in his keynote speech to the Asian Press Forum title 4046:. Membership is open to all European states which seek 2995: 14314: 8591:. Princeton & Oxford: Princeton University Press. 7850: 7720: 7024:. Amnesty International. 5 August 2004. Archived from 6643: 6641: 4875: 3660:

The Committee on Enforced Disappearances monitors the

17182: 12494:

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)

12050:

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

11966:

Declaration on sexual orientation and gender identity

8939:

A Problem from Hell": America and the Age of Genocide

4573:

into one of natural law is usually attributed to the

3651:

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

3140:

Preamble to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

3101:

Preamble to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

3004:

was established in 1919 at the negotiations over the

13897:

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

13847:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

12350:

Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

12145:

Convention for the Protection of National Minorities

12080:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

11971:

American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man

9030:(6th ed.). Leiden: Cambridge University Press. 8711:

The Principles of International Law and Human Rights

7877: 7575: 7559:. European Committee for the Prevention of Torture. 7493: 5806: 5584: 5582: 5580: 3898:

American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man

3647:

Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

3201:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

2916:

and Garrison's publication. In 1849 a contemporary,

2750:

tradition was heavily influenced by the writings of

14834: 7916: 7732: 7283:"Overview – Association of Southeast Asian Nations" 6638: 6596: 5971: 4067:

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union

4040:

European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages

2876:

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

2839:

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

13954:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 12199: 11763:of the military dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1985) 9474:International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg Trials) 7838: 7708: 6521: 6489: 6457: 6357: 5726:A History of Medieval Political Theory in the West 5457: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5365: 5363: 5361: 3978:ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights 3730: 17043:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 14090:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights 12524:Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) 11851:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights 9057:International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences 8559:Gorman, Robert F. and Edward S. Mihalkanin, eds. 8250: 7928: 7638: 7587: 6272:"Economic sanction: a weapon of mass destruction" 6239:"The responsibility to protect and regime change" 6050: 5698:"International Human Rights Law: A Short History" 5577: 5346: 4684: 3595:Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 3586:promotes participation with the standards of the 3284: 2845:of 1776 encoded into law a number of fundamental 2338:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 17230: 12411:European Committee for the Prevention of Torture 12244:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court 9504:Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia 9479:International Military Tribunal for the Far East 9279:Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights 8444:Universal Human Rights in Theory & Practice. 7970: 7764:Thomistic Natural Law as Darwinian Natural Right 7205: 6718:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court 6459:"Confronting a sexual rite of passage in Malawi" 4071:European Committee for the Prevention of Torture 3740: 3278:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court 2912:probably came into use sometime between Paine's 16703:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 14064:World Federation of United Nations Associations 13559:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 12591:International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) 12391:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights 11960:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 5406: 5404: 5358: 4647:, Prolegomeni XI). This is the famous argument 4076: 3800:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights 3558: 2715:, which first appeared as part of the medieval 2593:, which first appeared as part of the medieval 1984:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 16185:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 12075:Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 9318: 8380: 8190: 8160: 8158: 7750: 7181:"InterAmerican Court on Human Rights homepage" 6791:"Chart of the Status of National Institutions" 6320: 6193: 5745:"Augustine on Law and Order — Lawexplores.com" 5439: 5437: 5435: 5433: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5328: 5326: 5324: 5322: 5320: 3904:Charter of the Organization of American States 3260:Convention on the Rights of the Child | UNICEF 3234:(CERD) (adopted 1966, entry into force: 1969) 1460:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 41:to his people to respect certain legal rights. 15233: 14820: 14300: 14190: 12622: 12274: 12219:Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees 11877: 10982: 9767: 9753: 9586: 9304: 9099:On Human Rights: The Oxford Amnesty Lectures. 7683: 7157:. Inter-Americal Commission on Human Rights. 6355: 5061: 4476: 3578:(UNHCHR) and the UN Centre for Human Rights. 3258:(CRC) (adopted 1989, entry into force: 1989) 2898:during the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1831, 2463: 440: 13959:Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 12229:Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness 12115:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights 8724:Vienna: International Progress Organization. 7656: 5401: 3814:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights 3729:The ICC and other international courts (see 3447:International Freedom of Expression Exchange 3252:(CAT) (adopted 1984, entry into force: 1984) 2542:is controversial and remains the subject of 16401:List of people killed for being transgender 12529:UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) 12224:Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees 12045:Convention on the Political Rights of Women 8881:(U of Hawaii Press, 2003) pp. 209–221. 8520:Human Rights: An Interdisciplinary Approach 8155: 7762:Paul, Miller, Paul (2001): Arnhart, Larry. 7277: 7275: 6824:C: Non-compliant with the Paris Principles. 5469: 5424: 5317: 5000:Universal jurisdiction vs state sovereignty 4748:Indivisibility and categorization of rights 4736: 4560: 3620:The Committee Against Torture monitors the 3410: 2920:, wrote about human rights in his treatise 1676:List of people killed for being transgender 15240: 15226: 15062:Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis 14827: 14813: 14454:Twenty-third Amendment of the Constitution 14442:Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act 14352:Agreements on the Enforcement of Sentences 14307: 14293: 14197: 14183: 14052:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action 13964:UN Advisory Committee of Local Authorities 12629: 12615: 12396:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights 12281: 12267: 11981:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action 11933:Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam 11884: 11870: 10989: 10975: 9760: 9746: 9593: 9579: 9489:International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda 9311: 9297: 9196:(4). Cambridge University Press: 586–611. 8685:(3). Cambridge University Press: 599–618. 8381:Clayton, Philip; Schloss, Jeffrey (2004). 8327: 7958: 7907: 7895: 7871: 7617: 7525: 7523: 6929: 6927: 6590: 6552: 6269: 6170:"Swiss Women Win Landmark Climate Victory" 6099: 6087: 6038: 5994: 5938: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5607:. Cambridge University Press. p. 23. 5546:. Cambridge University Press. p. 23. 4820: 4483: 4469: 3825:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights 3510: 3088: 2685:Many of the basic ideas that animated the 2569:Many of the basic ideas that animated the 2470: 2456: 447: 433: 16:Fundamental rights belonging to all humans 12464:UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 12416:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 11906:Declarations, manifestos, and resolutions 9509:Special Panels of the Dili District Court 8583: 8415:International Review of Law and Economics 7946: 6289: 5757: 5751: 5630:"Human Rights Evolution, A Brief History" 3250:United Nations Convention Against Torture 2859:United States Declaration of Independence 2835:United States Declaration of Independence 2497:behaviour and are regularly protected as 15497:Social determinants of health in poverty 14436:American Service-Members' Protection Act 13481:Conference on International Organization 12135:Convention for the Prevention of Torture 9062: 8884: 8797:"Interview with William Montgomery Watt" 8784:. Vol. 2, no. 2. pp. 2–7. 8720:. (1990). "Democracy and Human Rights". 8619:The Last Utopia: Human Rights in History 8487:Human Rights in International Relations. 7726: 7661:. Encyclopedia Britannica Online, p. 2. 7581: 7272: 7183:. Inter-American Court on Human Rights. 6818:A: Compliance with the Paris Principles; 6708: 6664:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 474. 5860: 5121: 4897: 4867:, World Conference on Human Rights, 1995 4865:Vienna Declaration and Program of Action 3998: 3771: 3676: 3485: 3194: 3157:unanimously, with the abstention of the 3047: 2978:International Committee of the Red Cross 2870: 2669: 748:Social determinants of health in poverty 27: 13396:Office international d'hygiène publique 12499:Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) 12489:Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 12474:International Labour Organization (ILO) 11683:in the Democratic Republic of the Congo 8925:Natural Law and Modern Moral Philosophy 8917:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 8776: 8722:Studies in International Relations, XV. 8638:Croatian International Relations Review 8537: 8516: 8308: 7973:"The Pitfall of Universal Jurisdiction" 7883: 7738: 7690:The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 7520: 7409: 7206:Repucci, Sarah; Slipowitz, Amy (2021). 6924: 6236: 5977: 5942: 5929: 5722: 5600: 5571: 5539: 5126:Extrajudicial detention of captives in 4569:. The development of this tradition of 3980:was inaugurated, and subsequently, the 3672: 3649:was established in 2008 to monitor the 3527: 3300: 3225:(adopted 1948, entry into force: 1951) 3056:... may well become the international 17231: 14347:Agreement on Privileges and Immunities 14204: 13191:Spokesperson for the Secretary-General 12514:UN Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) 11943:Declaration of the Rights of the Child 11893:International human rights instruments 11775:List of human rights abuses by country 11263:during the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017) 11228:Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment 9183: 9146:Straus, Scott, and Lars Waldorf, eds. 8999:(3rd ed.). University for Peace. 8910: 8456: 8401:Political Science Research and Methods 8367:Human Rights: Promotion and Protection 8276: 8193:"Is 'Human Rights' a Western Concept?" 8081:from the original on 12 September 2016 7922: 7910:Human Rights: Dirty Words in Singapore 7859: 7714: 7494:Juncker, Jean-Claude (11 April 2006). 7367:from the original on 10 September 2016 6659: 6388: 6244:. Centre for European Policy Studies. 6024:Public Policy for the Black Community, 5352: 3938:Association of Southeast Asian Nations 3689:over certain aspects of human rights: 3471:International human rights instruments 2866: 2768:obligated to obey laws that are unjust 15221: 14916:Charitable trust / Registered charity 14808: 14448:International Criminal Court Act 2001 14288: 14178: 14105:UN television film series (1964–1966) 13857:International Narcotics Control Board 13788:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty 13576:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants 13547:Convention on the Rights of the Child 13525:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 12610: 12459:Organisation of American States (OAS) 12262: 12198: 12101: 12055:Convention on the Rights of the Child 12010: 12009: 11992:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants 11927:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 11903: 11865: 11846:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 10970: 9741: 9574: 9292: 9270:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 9046:American Journal of International Law 8819: 8759: 8727: 8646: 8589:Human Rights as Politics and Idolatry 8477:Historical Dictionary of Human Rights 8434:State Repression and Political Order. 8346: 8330:The No-Nonsense Guide to Human Rights 8172:from the original on 21 December 2007 8113:from the original on 16 February 2008 8029:from the original on 14 November 2008 7971:Kissinger, Henry (July–August 2001). 7844: 7665:from the original on 18 December 2007 7644: 7626:from the original on 13 December 2007 7593: 7537:from the original on 22 December 2007 7475:from the original on 24 November 2003 7310:. Wikisource. Retrieved 14 March 2007 7226:from the original on 10 December 2021 6953: 6455: 6051:Littman, David G. (19 January 2003). 5812: 5790:from the original on 8 September 2021 5627: 5521:from the original on 13 November 2018 4584:sought to incorporate the until then 3956:. The organisation now also includes 3829:Court of Justice of the African Union 3576:UN High Commissioner for Human Rights 3465:Protection at the international level 3256:Convention on the Rights of the Child 3074:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 3066:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 3044:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 3038:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 3032: 2699:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 2697:, culminating in the adoption of the 2583:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 2581:, culminating in the adoption of the 17167: 16207:Capital punishment for homosexuality 15502:Social determinants of mental health 14953:Public-benefit nonprofit corporation 14938:Mutual-benefit nonprofit corporation 13929:United Nations Postal Administration 13564:Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 13283:Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 12421:Inter-American Court of Human Rights 12345:Committee on the Rights of the Child 9025: 8843:Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an: vol 1–5 8669: 8615: 8221: 8055:from the original on 21 January 2008 7934: 7397:from the original on 19 January 2021 7187:from the original on 27 October 2007 7161:from the original on 14 January 2008 7135:from the original on 20 January 2008 7109:from the original on 3 December 2007 6745:from the original on 21 January 2008 6647: 6602: 6470:from the original on 2 December 2019 6237:Emerson, Michael (1 December 2011). 6065:from the original on 11 January 2008 5588: 5463: 5277: 5118:Human rights in emergency situations 3880:Inter-American Court of Human Rights 3809:Protecting human and peoples' rights 3629:Committee on the Rights of the Child 3456: 3218:. Some of the most significant are: 3128:economic, social and cultural rights 2996:Between World War I and World War II 2634: 1482:Capital punishment for homosexuality 753:Social determinants of mental health 16327:Genital modification and mutilation 14794:World Day for International Justice 13332:Permanent representatives to the UN 13221:Political and Peacebuilding Affairs 12327:Truth and reconciliation commission 12162:American Convention on Human Rights 8438:Annual Review of Political Science. 8351:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 8328:Ball, Olivia; Gready, Paul (2007). 8234:from the original on 11 August 2022 8051:. UN News Centre. 13 October 2003. 7775: 7563:from the original on 2 January 2008 7501:. Council of Europe. Archived from 7131:. Organization of American States. 6433:from the original on 6 October 2022 5504:. Paris: UNESCO. 2018. p. 16. 5236:LGBT rights by country or territory 5226:Human right to water and sanitation 4876:Universalism vs cultural relativism 4788:Another categorization, offered by 4032:European Convention on Human Rights 3892:American Convention on Human Rights 3806:Promoting human and peoples' rights 3534:United Nations Human Rights Council 3504:United Nations Human Rights Council 3351: 3291:United Nations Human Rights Council 1602:Genital modification and mutilation 13: 15247: 14316:International Criminal Court (ICC) 14141:Withdrawal from the United Nations 13327:Security Council Permanent members 12636: 12140:European Convention on Nationality 11273:during the Libyan civil war (2011) 11135:National human rights institutions 11130:List of human rights organisations 9217: 8961:"Rwanda: progress or powder keg?." 7696:from the original on 14 April 2009 7533:. European Court of Human Rights. 7331:from the original on 21 April 2021 6843:from the original on 20 April 2019 6456:Ahmed, Beenish (20 January 2014). 6123:from the original on 27 March 2013 5784:"Britain's unwritten constitution" 5704:from the original on 14 March 2023 5241:List of human rights organisations 4847:Some human rights are said to be " 4003:European Court of Human Rights in 3757:national human rights institutions 3747:National human rights institutions 3439:World Organisation Against Torture 3112:as chair, who began to discuss an 2825:. In Britain in 1689, the English 2689:developed in the aftermath of the 2573:developed in the aftermath of the 14: 17305: 15172:Master of Nonprofit Organizations 14126:United Nations in popular culture 13810:Expulsion from the United Nations 13755:General Assembly President (2016) 12130:Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) 10951:Western European and Others Group 9600: 9234: 8569:Houghton Mifflin Company (2006). 8203:from the original on 10 July 2022 7449:from the original on 29 July 2012 7423:from the original on 20 July 2010 7083:from the original on 19 July 2019 6626:from the original on 7 March 2022 6167: 5917:10 December 1948 in Paris, France 5733:from the original on 8 June 2016. 5678:from the original on 6 March 2023 5672:"A Short History of Human Rights" 5652:from the original on 6 March 2023 4795:three generations of human rights 4515: 3874:Promoting sustainable development 3475: 3370:protected by wealthier families. 3305: 3243:(CEDAW) (entry into force: 1981) 3014:International Labour Organization 2928:Supreme Court Justice David Davis 2923:On the Duty of Civil Disobedience 2754:early Christian thinkers such as 2529:based on specific circumstances. 17216: 17204: 17192: 17166: 17157: 17156: 16806:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 16643:Law for Protection of the Nation 16543:White genocide conspiracy theory 14660:Democratic Republic of the Congo 14475: 14158: 12102: 11258:at Guantánamo Bay detention camp 10996: 9241: 9150:(Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2011). 8215: 8184: 8125: 8093: 8067: 8041: 8015: 7964: 7901: 7819: 7769: 7756: 7469:"The Council of Europe in Brief" 7417:"Council of Europe Human Rights" 6696:from the original on 2 July 2019 6568:. UN News Centre. Archived from 6502:from the original on 12 May 2022 6401:from the original on 12 May 2022 6251:from the original on 6 June 2022 5760:Magna Carta commemoration essays 4994:2005 World Summit, paragraph 120 4091: 4018:Human rights in the Soviet Union 3871:The rights of Indigenous Peoples 2988:in 1864 laid the foundations of 2821:could not be surrendered in the 2675:U.S. Declaration of Independence 2638: 2095:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 1924:Law for Protection of the Nation 1818:White genocide conspiracy theory 478: 55: 16648:MSM blood donation restrictions 16396:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 14836:Charitable giving and practices 13714:International Court of Justice 13263:Sport for Development and Peace 12519:UN Development Programme (UNDP) 12479:World Health Organization (WHO) 11383:in Chile under Augusto Pinochet 11089:Natural rights and legal rights 11079:Claim rights and liberty rights 8996:Human Rights Reference Handbook 8948:. Manchester University Press. 8889:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 8749:. Oxford and London: Routledge 8679:Review of International Studies 8369:. Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. 8023:"Corporations and Human Rights" 7825: 7677: 7650: 7611: 7599: 7549: 7487: 7461: 7435: 7379: 7343: 7313: 7301: 7242: 7199: 7173: 7147: 7121: 7095: 7069: 7043: 7011: 6992:. African Union. Archived from 6979: 6898: 6882:. African Union. Archived from 6872: 6855: 6829: 6783: 6757: 6731: 6678: 6653: 6616:"Introduction of the Committee" 6608: 6558: 6534:from the original on 9 May 2022 6514: 6482: 6449: 6413: 6389:Davies, Lizzy (30 April 2022). 6382: 6370:from the original on 5 May 2022 6349: 6314: 6263: 6230: 6187: 6161: 6135: 6105: 6053:"Human Rights and Human Wrongs" 6044: 6016: 6000: 5943:Glendon, Mary Ann (July 2004). 5920: 5901: 5854: 5835:. December 1866. Archived from 5818: 5776: 5737: 5716: 5690: 5664: 5621: 5594: 5533: 5293: 5284: 5112:Sustainable Development Goal 10 5083:, Special Rapporteur of the UN 4936:both claimed in the 1990s that 4668:The Belgian philosopher of law 4118:Natural rights and legal rights 4108:Claim rights and liberty rights 3932:Human Rights in the Middle East 3845:Organization of American States 3541:United Nations General Assembly 3500:United Nations Security Council 2703:United Nations General Assembly 2587:United Nations General Assembly 1929:MSM blood donation restrictions 1671:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 82:Natural rights and legal rights 72:Claim rights and liberty rights 17264:Legal doctrines and principles 16661:(as religious or racial quota) 15160:List of charitable foundations 13391:Permanent Court of Arbitration 13386:International Peace Conference 12753:International Court of Justice 12406:European Court of Human Rights 12202:International humanitarian law 11253:against Palestinians by Israel 9550:International humanitarian law 9494:Special Court for Sierra Leone 9173:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 8879:Technology and Cultural Values 8609:(U of California Press, 2008) 8545:. Random House of Canada Ltd. 8459:Natural Law and Natural Rights 8385:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 8256:Amnesty International (2004). 8251:References and further reading 7129:"Directory of OAS Authorities" 5830:, 71 U.S. 2, 119. (full text)" 5489: 4962:Singapore's opposition leader 4782:universal access to healthcare 4685:Other theories of human rights 4050:, accept the principle of the 4036:European Court of Human Rights 3982:ASEAN Human Rights Declaration 3725:, which established the court. 3695:International Court of Justice 3427:non-governmental organizations 3295:European Court of Human Rights 3285:Including environmental rights 3280:(ICC) (entry into force: 2002) 2990:International humanitarian law 2843:Virginia Declaration of Rights 1942:(as religious or racial quota) 1: 17075:Second-generation gender bias 16791:Constitutional colorblindness 15492:Social determinants of health 14943:Non-governmental organization 14362:Charter of the United Nations 13924:Sustainable Development Goals 13451:Declaration by United Nations 13376:International Telegraph Union 12170:to Prevent and Punish Torture 9080:Human Rights and Asian Values 9055:Sills, David L. (1968, 1972) 8431:Davenport, Christian (2007). 6356:Nesrine Malik (3 July 2018). 6291:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31944-5 5646:10.32048/Coespumagazine3.19.3 5032:law of universal jurisdiction 4146:Economic, social and cultural 3741:Regional human rights regimes 3521:Charter of the United Nations 2370:Second-generation gender bias 2080:Constitutional colorblindness 743:Social determinants of health 110:Economic, social and cultural 21:Human rights (disambiguation) 13852:International Criminal Court 13288:UN organizations by location 12355:International Criminal Court 11094:Negative and positive rights 9514:Special Tribunal for Lebanon 9499:International Criminal Court 8927:Cambridge University Press. 8622:. Harvard University Press. 8259:Amnesty International Report 8222:Silk, James (23 June 2021). 7751:Clayton & Schloss (2004) 6660:Alston, Philip, ed. (1992). 6270:Habibzadeh, Farrokh (2018). 6113:"Convention against Torture" 5175: 5091:stated in a report in 2003: 4548: 4442:Self-determination of people 4123:Negative and positive rights 4077:Philosophies of human rights 3989:Arab Charter on Human Rights 3928:Human rights in Central Asia 3710:International Criminal Court 3681:The official logo of the ICC 3559:United Nations treaty bodies 3553:International Criminal Court 3114:International Bill of Rights 2963:Indian independence movement 2902:wrote in a newspaper called 2805:United States Bill of Rights 2544:ongoing philosophical debate 2493:that establish standards of 406:Self-determination of people 87:Negative and positive rights 7: 16986:Medical model of disability 16838:Hate speech laws by country 13986:Security Council veto power 13293:Sexual Violence in Conflict 13216:Economic and Social Affairs 12787:Economic and Social Council 12509:UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) 11836:List of human rights awards 11708:in the United Arab Emirates 11084:Individual and group rights 9555:International speech crimes 9336:Customary international law 8485:Forsythe, David P. (2000). 8461:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 7250:"Democracy Reports | V-Dem" 5861:Crenshaw, Kimberle (1991). 5421:. Retrieved 14 August 2014. 5246:List of human rights awards 5193: 4662:Two Treatises of Government 4542:, posited the existence of 4534:and his philosophic heirs, 4113:Individual and group rights 3838: 3731:Regional human rights below 2281:Medical model of disability 2127:Hate speech laws by country 77:Individual and group rights 10: 17310: 17095:Social model of disability 15547:Discrimination against men 15113:Charity / thrift / op shop 14989:Charity (Christian virtue) 14784:European Union and the ICC 14037:UN Memorial Cemetery Korea 13862:International Day of Peace 13344:General Assembly Observers 12667:General Assembly President 12504:UN Population Fund (UNFPA) 12166:Inter-American Convention 12030:Convention against Torture 11758:of the Marcos dictatorship 9376:Convention Against Torture 9320:International criminal law 9113:African Journalism Studies 8969:Salevao, Lutisone (2005). 8501:Studies in Family Planning 8347:Beitz, Charles R. (2009). 7908:Chee, S.J. (3 July 2003). 7051:"African Court of Justice" 5454:. Retrieved 14 August 2014 5386:. Retrieved 14 August 2014 5343:. Retrieved 14 August 2014 5216:Disability rights movement 5179: 5143:Anti-terrorism legislation 5132: 5085:Commission on Human Rights 5062:State and non-state actors 5048:human rights organisations 5003: 4879: 4740: 4519: 4015: 4009: 3917: 3782: 3744: 3562: 3531: 3479: 3468: 3451:Anti-Slavery International 3414: 3397:conditional cash transfers 3393:guaranteed minimum incomes 3355: 3330:2011 military intervention 3309: 3154:civil and political rights 3041: 2969:, and more recent diverse 2930:, in his 1867 opinion for 2801:United States Constitution 2723:with such philosophers as 2628: 2624: 2601:with philosophers such as 2390:Social model of disability 798:Discrimination against men 18: 17152: 16891: 16768: 16561: 16448:Opposition to immigration 16172: 15802: 15639: 15399: 15349:Race / Ethnicity 15286: 15255: 15085: 15037:Animal Charity Evaluators 15022: 14981: 14903: 14842: 14789:United States and the ICC 14761: 14736: 14718: 14645: 14638: 14548: 14522: 14515: 14484: 14473: 14428: 14393: 14377: 14370: 14329: 14322: 14269: 14243: 14212: 14154: 14077: 13768: 13690: 13593: 13581:World Heritage Convention 13490: 13469:Dumbarton Oaks Conference 13431: 13368: 13359: 13305: 13179:General Assembly Building 13152: 13035: 12807: 12706: 12688: 12679: 12644: 12576: 12537: 12429: 12383: 12365:UN Human Rights Committee 12335: 12322:Human rights institutions 12304: 12209: 12194: 12110: 12097: 12020: 12005: 11912: 11899: 11818: 11703:in the State of Palestine 11688:in the Dominican Republic 11268:during the Gaddafi regime 11205: 11150: 11143: 11122: 11102: 11071: 11043: 11032: 11004: 10721:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance 10701: 10619: 10456: 10291: 10162:Standard Average European 10030: 9859: 9779: 9719: 9693: 9657: 9611: 9545:Joint criminal enterprise 9527: 9458: 9389: 9326: 9202:10.1017/S0034670506000246 9136:Oxford: Clarendon Press. 8867:(No. 3). pp. 605–612 8816:, no. 26 (Winter): 33–39. 8760:Light, Donald W. 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(2009). 5477:human rights – definition 5450:12 September 2015 at the 4955:Media and Society in Asia 4909:female genital mutilation 3994: 3924:Human rights in East Asia 3823:With the creation of the 3767: 3372:Female genital mutilation 3323:refers to a doctrine for 3321:Responsibility to protect 3210:Numerous other treaties ( 2894:expanded on the theme of 1723:Opposition to immigration 592:Race / Ethnicity 16443:Occupational segregation 16212:Compulsory sterilization 14235:Fourth Geneva Convention 14225:Second Geneva Convention 13887:Military Staff Committee 13226:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 12729:Deputy Secretary-General 12658:Deputy Secretary-General 12577:ICRC – organization with 12401:African Court of Justice 10861:Lancaster House Treaties 10351:Christian existentialism 10311:Ancient Roman philosophy 10301:Ancient Greek philosophy 9465:(in order of foundation) 8885:Nathwani, Niraj (2003). 8442:Donnelly, Jack. (2003). 8349:The idea of human rights 8332:. New Internationalist. 7959:Ball & Gready (2007) 7896:Ball & Gready (2007) 7872:Ball & Gready (2007) 6728:. Retrieved 8 June 2007. 6591:Ball & Gready (2007) 6553:Ball & Gready (2007) 6100:Ball & Gready (2007) 6088:Ball & Gready (2007) 6039:Ball & Gready (2007) 5995:Ball & Gready (2007) 5310: 4737:Concepts in human rights 4629:considering humankind's 4100:Theoretical distinctions 3701:. It is directed by the 3411:Informational strategies 3216:human rights instruments 3152:. The inclusion of both 1718:Occupational segregation 1487:Compulsory sterilization 64:Theoretical distinctions 17254:International relations 16971:Internalized oppression 16833:Fighting Discrimination 16823:Fat acceptance movement 16781:Anti-discrimination law 16421:Native American mascots 14497:Crimes against humanity 14230:Third Geneva Convention 14220:First Geneva Convention 14058:Woodrow Wilson Memorial 14020:UN International School 14015:UN Federal Credit Union 13996:Security Council reform 13832:Four Nations Initiative 13760:Security Council (2016) 13603:Security Council vetoes 12734:Under-Secretary-General 12370:UN Human Rights Council 12317:Human rights commission 11938:Declaration of Montreal 11826:History of human rights 11233:Enforced disappearances 11223:Crimes against humanity 10639:Equality before the law 9846:Romano-Germanic culture 9706:Parental responsibility 9403:Crimes against humanity 8870:Maddex, Robert L., ed. 8861:American Anthropologist 8805:(No. 51) pp. 8–11. 8640:23.80 (2017): 131–154. 8475:Fomerand, Jacques. ed. 8309:Arnhart, Larry (1998). 7208:"Democracy Under Siege" 5723:Carlyle, A. J. (1903). 5396:Sepulveda et al. (2004) 5072:Multinational companies 4616:. In the 17th century, 4512:) – a social contract. 4044:European Social Charter 3976:. In October 2009, the 3913: 3865:Protecting human rights 3859:Strengthening democracy 3755:In over 110 countries, 3751:Human rights commission 3718:crimes against humanity 3490:The UN General Assembly 3381:sexual initiation rites 3348:the target government. 2733:Jean-Jacques Burlamaqui 2631:History of human rights 2611:Jean-Jacques Burlamaqui 2266:Internalized oppression 2122:Fighting Discrimination 2112:Fat acceptance movement 2070:Anti-discrimination law 1696:Native American mascots 17090:Social identity threat 17063:Reverse discrimination 17053:Racial color blindness 16533:Violence against women 16513:Sex-selective abortion 15155:Ethics of philanthropy 15148:Psychological barriers 14948:Nonprofit organization 14530:List of states parties 14008:Security Council mural 13974:Millennium Declaration 13919:SDG Publishers Compact 13381:Universal Postal Union 11770:Incitement to genocide 11063:Universal jurisdiction 10801:Eastern European Group 10390:Continental philosophy 10321:Judeo-Christian ethics 10306:Hellenistic philosophy 9787:Cradle of civilization 9560:Universal jurisdiction 9535:Command responsibility 9428:Incitement to genocide 9366:United Nations Charter 9223:Ishay, Micheline, ed. 9190:The Review of Politics 9101:New York: BasicBooks. 9026:Shaw, Malcolm (2008). 8911:Nickel, James (2010). 8887:Rethinking Refugee Law 8839:McAuliffe, Jane Dammen 8745:Landman, Todd (2006). 8506:(No.1): p. 18–30 8365:Chauhan, O.P. (2004). 8282:Human Rights Quarterly 8197:IPI Global Observatory 8025:. Human Rights Watch. 7684:Fagan, Andrew (2006). 7079:. Human Rights Watch. 6566:"Human Rights Council" 6196:International Politics 6011:Human Rights Quarterly 5482:19 August 2014 at the 5475:Macmillan Dictionary, 5382:19 August 2014 at the 5377:What are human rights? 5182:Human rights inflation 5163: 5130: 5104: 5015:Universal jurisdiction 5006:Universal jurisdiction 4997: 4960: 4903: 4870: 4845: 4831: 4814: 4769: 4710: 4706:Rethinking Refugee Law 4645:De iure belli ac pacis 4561: 4339:Other groups of rights 4012:Human rights in Europe 4007: 3785:Human rights in Africa 3780: 3682: 3584:Human Rights Committee 3525: 3491: 3417:Human rights education 3334:First Libyan Civil War 3274:(ICRMW) (adopted 1990) 3145: 3106: 3069: 3030: 2976:The foundation of the 2900:William Lloyd Garrison 2879: 2864: 2797:English Bill of Rights 2682: 2385:Social identity threat 2358:Reverse discrimination 2348:Racial color blindness 1808:Violence against women 1788:Sex-selective abortion 303:Other groups of rights 42: 17058:Religious intolerance 17018:Political correctness 16848:Intersex human rights 16796:Cultural assimilation 16478:Religious persecution 16242:Disability hate crime 16017:Jewish / Antisemitism 14973:Voluntary association 14968:Religious corporation 14779:Coalition for the ICC 14461:Völkerstrafgesetzbuch 14146:Women in peacekeeping 13805:Drug control treaties 12548:Amnesty International 11987:Yogyakarta Principles 11831:List of global issues 10921:Three Seas Initiative 10896:Pacific Islands Forum 10761:British–Irish Council 10509:Greek Orthodox Church 9968:Industrial Revolution 9938:Scientific Revolution 9184:Tunick, Mark (2006). 9115:39.3 (2018): 85–104. 9093:Shute, Stephen & 8919:(Fall 2010 ed.). 8824:. St Martin's Press. 8820:Mayer, Henry (2000). 8814:Progressive Librarian 8747:Studying Human Rights 8616:Moyn, Samuel (2010). 8457:Finnis, John (1980). 8424:22 April 2021 at the 8294:10.1353/hrq.2005.0030 7828:""预付人权"：一种非西方的普遍人权理论" 7445:. Council of Europe. 7419:. Council of Europe. 6498:. 18 September 2021. 5628:Sutto, Marco (2019). 5339:5 August 2019 at the 5150: 5125: 5093: 5044:Amnesty International 4987: 4943: 4920:understanding of the 4901: 4856: 4832: 4818: 4804: 4755: 4696: 4681:for their existence. 4622:contractualist theory 4159:Rights by beneficiary 4002: 3775: 3680: 3508: 3489: 3431:Amnesty International 3383:with men and passing 3265:26 April 2019 at the 3212:pieces of legislation 3195:Human Rights Treaties 3132: 3086: 3051: 3018: 3008:following the end of 2984:and the first of the 2967:civil rights movement 2961:'s leadership of the 2882:Philosophers such as 2874: 2851: 2810:17th century English 2756:St Hilary of Poitiers 2687:human rights movement 2673: 2571:human rights movement 2550:, protection against 2548:right to a fair trial 2353:Religious intolerance 2313:Political correctness 2135:Intersex human rights 2085:Cultural assimilation 1753:Religious persecution 1517:Disability hate crime 1284:Jewish / Antisemitism 123:Rights by beneficiary 31: 16463:Political repression 15452:Anti-left handedness 15442:Anti-intellectualism 15118:Click-to-donate site 14982:Charity and religion 14769:Legal Tools Database 14507:Crimes of aggression 14100:United Nations Radio 14095:United Nations Medal 14047:University for Peace 13778:Bretton Woods system 13513:governed territories 13258:Developing Countries 13169:Secretariat Building 13038:Specialized agencies 12579:special status based 11917:Brazilian Resolution 11713:in the United States 11488:in Jammu and Kashmir 11034:Fundamental concepts 10916:Special Relationship 10326:Christian philosophy 10271:Western Christianity 9933:Age of Enlightenment 9807:Hellenistic Kingdoms 9649:Right to family life 9461:International courts 9361:Nuremberg principles 9048:105.1 (2011): 60–81 8964:Journal of Democracy 8941:(Basic Books, 2013). 8907:(Princeton UP, 2012) 8855:McLagan, Meg (2003) 8670:Jahn, Beate (2005). 8573:. Houghton Mifflin. 8409:10.1017/psrm.2018.62 7782:. pp. 102–117. 7216:Freedom in the World 7155:"What is the IACHR?" 6771:on 15 September 2002 6572:on 13 September 2018 6119:. 10 December 1984. 5913:22 June 2017 at the 5211:Deaf rights movement 5167:peremptory norms or 4792:, is that there are 4610:Samuel von Pufendorf 4457:Water and sanitation 4048:European integration 3920:Human rights in Asia 3868:Combating corruption 3673:International courts 3528:Human Rights Council 3301:Promotion strategies 3006:Treaty of Versailles 2849:and civil freedoms. 2679:Continental Congress 1738:Political repression 703:Anti-left handedness 693:Anti-intellectualism 421:Water and sanitation 19:For other uses, see 16966:Historical eugenics 16503:Segregation academy 16483:Religious terrorism 16272:Enemy of the people 16180:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 15684:Jehovah's Witnesses 15572:Perpetual foreigner 13872:International Years 13837:Genocide Convention 13273:Outer Space Affairs 13268:Disarmament Affairs 13233:Safety and Security 13174:Conference Building 13154:Secretariat offices 12799:Trusteeship Council 12375:UN Security Council 12214:Genocide Convention 11698:in the Soviet Union 11598:in Papua New Guinea 11248:Human rights abuses 11206:Human rights abuses 11110:Corporal punishment 10941:West Nordic Council 10806:Eastern Partnership 10395:Analytic philosophy 10096:Classical tradition 9918:Early modern period 9874:Classical antiquity 9869:European Bronze Age 9644:Reproductive rights 9408:Crime of aggression 9371:Genocide Convention 9122:7 July 2021 at the 8966:26.3 (2015): 19–33. 8808:Maret, Susan 2005. 8728:Kohen, Ari (2007). 8654:. Greenwood Press. 8417:19.1 (1999): 87–98 8143:on 27 November 2020 7605:Sills (1968, 1972) 7308:Bangkok Declaration 7289:on 11 November 2002 7031:on 18 February 2008 6912:on 30 December 2007 6803:on 16 February 2008 6530:. 7 February 2015. 5955:(5). Archived from 5867:Stanford Law Review 5801:unusual punishment. 5786:. British Library. 5634:The CoESPU Magazine 5417:18 May 2015 at the 4882:Cultural relativism 4141:Civil and political 3519:Article 1–3 of the 3082:rights-duty duality 2955:National liberation 2918:Henry David Thoreau 2867:1800 to World War I 2737:American Revolution 2615:American Revolution 2261:Historical eugenics 1778:Segregation academy 1758:Religious terrorism 1547:Enemy of the people 1455:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 943:Jehovah's Witnesses 823:Perpetual foreigner 105:Civil and political 16878:Social integration 16873:Self-determination 16863:Racial integration 16811:Diversity training 16801:Cultural pluralism 16776:Affirmative action 16676:Racial segregation 16586:Crime of apartheid 16488:Religious violence 15981:Indigenous people 15376:Sexual orientation 15143:Effective altruism 15128:Donor-advised fund 15093:Alternative giving 15072:Giving What We Can 15047:Charity assessment 15024:Charity evaluation 14860:Charity (practice) 14492:Crimes of genocide 14357:Geneva Conventions 14206:Geneva Conventions 13892:Official languages 13439:London Declaration 13248:Internal Oversight 13238:Palestinian Rights 12810:Funds, programmes, 12583:Geneva Conventions 12568:Human Rights First 12558:Human Rights Watch 12312:Human rights group 12234:Geneva Conventions 11693:in the Philippines 11218:Crime of apartheid 10400:Post-structuralism 10363:Christian humanism 9993:Universal suffrage 9711:Parental liability 9629:Matrimonial rights 9413:Crime of apartheid 9351:Geneva Conventions 9128:Steiner, J. & 8985:Osgood Law Journal 8959:Reyntjens, Filip. 8845:Brill Publishing. 8793:McIntosh, Alastair 8782:Midstream Magazine 8714:. hanskoechler.com 8605:Ishay, Micheline. 8585:Ignatieff, Michael 8168:. United Nations. 8003:on 14 January 2009 6941:on 20 January 2008 6906:"AU in a Nutshell" 6880:"AU Member States" 6741:. United Nations. 6723:9 May 2008 at the 6284:(10150): 816–817. 6168:Sharp, Alexandra. 6007:Paul Gordon Lauren 5131: 5096:position of power. 4904: 4890:Moral universalism 4849:inalienable rights 4724:. The philosopher 4720:in the context of 4580:Some of the early 4546:or natural right ( 4008: 3781: 3683: 3492: 3435:Human Rights Watch 3385:sex training tests 3363:Economic sanctions 3358:Economic sanctions 3165:South Africa, and 3121:and French lawyer 3093:inalienable rights 3070: 3033:After World War II 2986:Geneva Conventions 2880: 2819:fundamental rights 2693:and the events of 2683: 2577:and the events of 2564:right to education 2499:substantive rights 2165:Social integration 2160:Self-determination 2150:Racial integration 2100:Diversity training 2090:Cultural pluralism 2065:Affirmative action 1957:Racial segregation 1867:Crime of apartheid 1763:Religious violence 1248:Indigenous people 619:Sexual orientation 43: 17269:Philosophy of law 17259:Law and economics 17180: 17179: 17048:Racism by country 16976:Intersectionality 16961:Heteronormativity 16760:Voter suppression 16508:Sexual harassment 16307:Forced conversion 16227:Cultural genocide 15880:African Americans 15694:post–Cold War era 15679:Eastern Orthodoxy 15437:Anti-drug addicts 15432:Anti-homelessness 15359:Scientific racism 15215: 15214: 15187:Visiting the sick 15052:Charity Navigator 15032:Aid effectiveness 14963:Social enterprise 14885:Humanity (virtue) 14802: 14801: 14757: 14756: 14634: 14633: 14540:Review Conference 14471: 14470: 14424: 14423: 14282: 14281: 14172: 14171: 14003:UN Art Collection 13979:Millennium Summit 13934:UN Block By Block 13914:Ralph Bunche Park 13882:UN laissez-passer 13842:UN Global Compact 13799:Delivering as One 13698:Secretary-General 13589: 13588: 13569:Indigenous Caucus 13463:Tehran Conference 13457:Moscow Conference 13432:Preparatory years 13401:League of Nations 13301: 13300: 13201:Palace of Nations 12903:UNEP/GRID-Arendal 12719:Secretary-General 12662:Amina J. Mohammed 12649:Secretary-General 12604: 12603: 12444:Council of Europe 12256: 12255: 12252: 12251: 12239:Hague Conventions 12190: 12189: 12093: 12092: 12013:International law 12001: 12000: 11859: 11858: 11841:Three generations 11201: 11200: 11118: 11117: 10964: 10963: 10791:Council of Europe 10693:International law 10646:Constitutionalism 10504:Eastern Orthodoxy 10010:Post–Cold War era 9943:Age of Revolution 9797:Greco-Roman world 9735: 9734: 9624:Children's rights 9568: 9567: 9394:international law 9356:Nuremberg Charter 9346:Hague Conventions 9065:Natural Law Forum 9037:978-0-511-45559-9 9028:International Law 8937:Power, Samantha. 8874:(CQ Press, 2000). 8629:978-0-674-04872-0 8539:Glendon, Mary Ann 8530:978-0-7456-2356-6 8403:, 8(1), 178–187. 8358:978-0-19-957245-8 8133:"Goal 10 targets" 7657:Weston, Burns H. 6886:on 5 January 2008 6714:United Nations. 5828:Ex Parte Milligan 5574:, pp. 15–17. 5445:The Old New Thing 5278:Explanatory notes 5261:Prisoners' rights 5139:National security 5056:state sovereignty 5010:State sovereignty 4983:2005 World Summit 4978:Michael Ignatieff 4957:, 2 December 1994 4774:full belly thesis 4722:natural selection 4493: 4492: 4151:Three generations 4073:was established. 4024:Council of Europe 3958:Brunei Darussalam 3862:Working for peace 3812:Interpreting the 3795:continental union 3457:Legal instruments 3182:The onset of the 3110:Eleanor Roosevelt 3062:Eleanor Roosevelt 3002:League of Nations 2971:identity politics 2932:Ex Parte Milligan 2914:The Rights of Man 2829:and the Scottish 2780:Valladolid Debate 2741:French Revolution 2729:Francis Hutcheson 2668: 2667: 2619:French Revolution 2607:Francis Hutcheson 2554:, prohibition of 2534:international law 2507:international law 2480: 2479: 2343:Racism by country 2271:Intersectionality 2256:Heteronormativity 2041:Voter suppression 1783:Sexual harassment 1582:Forced conversion 1502:Cultural genocide 1147:African Americans 953:post–Cold War era 938:Eastern Orthodoxy 688:Anti-drug addicts 683:Anti-homelessness 602:Scientific racism 457: 456: 115:Three generations 17301: 17221: 17220: 17219: 17209: 17208: 17197: 17196: 17188: 17170: 17169: 17160: 17159: 17100:Social privilege 17085:Social exclusion 17013:Police brutality 16934:Multiculturalism 16904:Amatonormativity 16735:Social exclusion 16571:Age of candidacy 16371:Homeless dumping 16277:Ethnic cleansing 15242: 15235: 15228: 15219: 15218: 15207:Warm-glow giving 15202:Wall of kindness 15192:Voluntary sector 14829: 14822: 14815: 14806: 14805: 14643: 14642: 14520: 14519: 14479: 14450:(United Kingdom) 14394:Security Council 14378:General Assembly 14375: 14374: 14327: 14326: 14309: 14302: 14295: 14286: 14285: 14199: 14192: 14185: 14176: 14175: 14165:World portal 14163: 14162: 14069:Biopiracy treaty 13655:Nagorno-Karabakh 13625:Security Council 13608:General Assembly 13535:Human Rights Day 13475:Yalta Conference 13445:Atlantic Charter 13366: 13365: 13322:Founding members 13243:Peace Operations 13127:World Bank Group 12821:Culture of Peace 12812:and other bodies 12765:Security Council 12741:General Assembly 12707:Principal organs 12686: 12685: 12653:António Guterres 12631: 12624: 12617: 12608: 12607: 12283: 12276: 12269: 12260: 12259: 12196: 12195: 12099: 12098: 12007: 12006: 11976:Paris Principles 11901: 11900: 11886: 11879: 11872: 11863: 11862: 11613:in Punjab, India 11238:Forced migration 11148: 11147: 11041: 11040: 11036:and philosophies 10991: 10984: 10977: 10968: 10967: 10836:EU Customs Union 10368:Secular humanism 10316:Christian ethics 10266:East–West Schism 10249:Physical culture 9973:Great Divergence 9923:Age of Discovery 9762: 9755: 9748: 9739: 9738: 9658:Rights movements 9595: 9588: 9581: 9572: 9571: 9528:Related concepts 9466: 9423:Genocidal intent 9313: 9306: 9299: 9290: 9289: 9245: 9244: 9213: 9097:(eds.). (1993). 9072: 9041: 9022: 9020: 9018: 9013:on 28 March 2012 9009:. Archived from 8920: 8900: 8835: 8811: 8785: 8773: 8742: 8702: 8676: 8665: 8633: 8602: 8556: 8534: 8472: 8396: 8362: 8343: 8324: 8305: 8244: 8243: 8241: 8239: 8228:OpenGlobalRights 8219: 8213: 8212: 8210: 8208: 8188: 8182: 8181: 8179: 8177: 8162: 8153: 8152: 8150: 8148: 8139:. Archived from 8129: 8123: 8122: 8120: 8118: 8112: 8105: 8097: 8091: 8090: 8088: 8086: 8071: 8065: 8064: 8062: 8060: 8045: 8039: 8038: 8036: 8034: 8019: 8013: 8012: 8010: 8008: 7999:. Archived from 7989:10.2307/20050228 7968: 7962: 7956: 7950: 7947:Ignatieff (2001) 7944: 7938: 7932: 7926: 7920: 7914: 7913: 7905: 7899: 7893: 7887: 7881: 7875: 7869: 7863: 7857: 7848: 7842: 7836: 7835: 7823: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7812: 7773: 7767: 7760: 7754: 7748: 7742: 7736: 7730: 7724: 7718: 7712: 7706: 7705: 7703: 7701: 7681: 7675: 7674: 7672: 7670: 7654: 7648: 7642: 7636: 7635: 7633: 7631: 7618:van Dun, Frank. 7615: 7609: 7603: 7597: 7591: 7585: 7579: 7573: 7572: 7570: 7568: 7553: 7547: 7546: 7544: 7542: 7527: 7518: 7517: 7515: 7513: 7507: 7500: 7491: 7485: 7484: 7482: 7480: 7465: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7454: 7443:"Social Charter" 7439: 7433: 7432: 7430: 7428: 7413: 7407: 7406: 7404: 7402: 7383: 7377: 7376: 7374: 7372: 7366: 7355: 7347: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7336: 7317: 7311: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7296: 7294: 7285:. Archived from 7279: 7270: 7269: 7267: 7265: 7256:. Archived from 7246: 7240: 7239: 7233: 7231: 7225: 7212: 7203: 7197: 7196: 7194: 7192: 7177: 7171: 7170: 7168: 7166: 7151: 7145: 7144: 7142: 7140: 7125: 7119: 7118: 7116: 7114: 7103:"OAS Key Issues" 7099: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7088: 7073: 7067: 7066: 7064: 7062: 7047: 7041: 7040: 7038: 7036: 7030: 7023: 7015: 7009: 7008: 7006: 7004: 6998: 6991: 6983: 6977: 6976: 6974: 6972: 6963:. Archived from 6957: 6951: 6950: 6948: 6946: 6937:. Archived from 6931: 6922: 6921: 6919: 6917: 6908:. Archived from 6902: 6896: 6895: 6893: 6891: 6876: 6870: 6859: 6853: 6852: 6850: 6848: 6833: 6827: 6826: 6810: 6808: 6802: 6795: 6787: 6781: 6780: 6778: 6776: 6767:. Archived from 6761: 6755: 6754: 6752: 6750: 6735: 6729: 6712: 6706: 6705: 6703: 6701: 6682: 6676: 6675: 6657: 6651: 6645: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6612: 6606: 6600: 6594: 6588: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6577: 6562: 6556: 6550: 6544: 6543: 6541: 6539: 6525: 6518: 6512: 6511: 6509: 6507: 6493: 6486: 6480: 6479: 6477: 6475: 6461: 6453: 6447: 6446: 6440: 6438: 6432: 6425: 6417: 6411: 6410: 6408: 6406: 6386: 6380: 6379: 6377: 6375: 6361: 6353: 6347: 6346: 6335:10.2307/20049279 6318: 6312: 6311: 6293: 6267: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6256: 6250: 6243: 6234: 6228: 6227: 6191: 6185: 6184: 6182: 6180: 6165: 6159: 6158: 6156: 6154: 6149:. 8 October 2021 6139: 6133: 6132: 6130: 6128: 6109: 6103: 6097: 6091: 6085: 6079: 6078: 6072: 6070: 6048: 6042: 6036: 6027: 6020: 6014: 6004: 5998: 5992: 5981: 5975: 5969: 5968: 5966: 5964: 5940: 5927: 5924: 5918: 5905: 5899: 5898: 5873:(6): 1241–1299. 5858: 5852: 5851: 5849: 5847: 5841: 5834: 5822: 5816: 5810: 5804: 5803: 5797: 5795: 5780: 5774: 5773: 5762:. BiblioBazaar. 5755: 5749: 5748: 5741: 5735: 5734: 5720: 5714: 5713: 5711: 5709: 5694: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5668: 5662: 5661: 5659: 5657: 5625: 5619: 5618: 5598: 5592: 5586: 5575: 5569: 5558: 5557: 5537: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5526: 5520: 5503: 5493: 5487: 5473: 5467: 5461: 5455: 5441: 5422: 5408: 5399: 5393: 5387: 5373: 5356: 5350: 5344: 5330: 5304: 5297: 5291: 5288: 5161: 5157:United Nations, 5102: 5068:non-State actors 5036:Augusto Pinochet 4995: 4972:John Stuart Mill 4958: 4934:Mahathir Mohamad 4886:Moral relativism 4868: 4843: 4829: 4822: 4812: 4767: 4743:Human Rights Law 4708: 4704:Niraj Nathwani, 4689:The philosopher 4626:legal positivism 4594:Francisco Suárez 4564: 4551: 4549:dikaion physikon 4485: 4478: 4471: 4432:Rest and leisure 4095: 4081: 4080: 3952:, Singapore and 3761:Paris Principles 3703:Security Council 3523: 3512: 3389:girls' education 3352:Economic actions 3203:(ICCPR) and the 3143: 3104: 3090: 3028: 2888:John Stuart Mill 2862: 2701:in Paris by the 2691:Second World War 2677:ratified by the 2663: 2660: 2642: 2635: 2585:in Paris by the 2575:Second World War 2472: 2465: 2458: 2395:Social privilege 2380:Social exclusion 2308:Police brutality 2229:Multiculturalism 2199:Amatonormativity 2016:Social exclusion 1852:Age of candidacy 1646:Homeless dumping 1552:Ethnic cleansing 482: 459: 458: 449: 442: 435: 396:Rest and leisure 59: 45: 44: 17309: 17308: 17304: 17303: 17302: 17300: 17299: 17298: 17294:Western culture 17284:Theories of law 17229: 17228: 17227: 17217: 17215: 17203: 17191: 17183: 17181: 17176: 17148: 17023:Polyculturalism 16919:Civil liberties 16887: 16868:Reappropriation 16769:Countermeasures 16764: 16693:Racial steering 16659:Numerus clausus 16563: 16557: 16282:Ethnic conflict 16217:Corrective rape 16168: 15798: 15753:minority Muslim 15635: 15527:HIV/AIDS stigma 15395: 15344:Mental disorder 15282: 15251: 15246: 15216: 15211: 15197:Volunteer grant 15138:Earning to give 15098:Benefit concert 15081: 15077:GreatNonprofits 15018: 14977: 14907: 14899: 14838: 14833: 14803: 14798: 14753: 14732: 14714: 14630: 14544: 14511: 14480: 14467: 14438:(United States) 14420: 14389: 14366: 14318: 14313: 14283: 14278: 14274:List of parties 14265: 14239: 14208: 14203: 14173: 14168: 14157: 14150: 14073: 13764: 13686: 13585: 13486: 13427: 13369:Preceding years 13355: 13308: 13297: 13156:and departments 13155: 13148: 13040: 13031: 12814: 12811: 12803: 12702: 12675: 12640: 12635: 12605: 12600: 12580: 12578: 12572: 12533: 12431: 12425: 12384:Regional bodies 12379: 12337: 12331: 12300: 12287: 12257: 12248: 12205: 12186: 12106: 12089: 12016: 11997: 11908: 11895: 11890: 11860: 11855: 11814: 11643:in South Africa 11633:in Sierra Leone 11628:in Saudi Arabia 11358:in Burkina Faso 11313:in Azad Kashmir 11197: 11139: 11114: 11098: 11067: 11037: 11035: 11028: 11019:Intersex people 11000: 10995: 10965: 10960: 10926:UKUSA Agreement 10866:Lublin Triangle 10751:Baltic Assembly 10703: 10697: 10615: 10452: 10287: 10157:Eurolinguistics 10026: 10015:Information age 9988:Interwar period 9855: 9775: 9766: 9736: 9731: 9715: 9689: 9675:Mothers' rights 9653: 9634:Mothers' rights 9607: 9599: 9569: 9564: 9540:Superior orders 9523: 9467: 9464: 9463: 9454: 9396: 9393: 9385: 9341:Peremptory norm 9322: 9317: 9266: 9265: 9264: 9246: 9242: 9237: 9227:(2nd ed. 2007) 9220: 9218:Primary sources 9124:Wayback Machine 9038: 9016: 9014: 9007: 8973:. ANU E Press. 8897: 8832: 8809: 8740: 8674: 8662: 8648:Jaffa, Harry V. 8630: 8599: 8553: 8531: 8469: 8426:Wayback Machine 8393: 8359: 8340: 8321: 8253: 8248: 8247: 8237: 8235: 8220: 8216: 8206: 8204: 8189: 8185: 8175: 8173: 8164: 8163: 8156: 8146: 8144: 8131: 8130: 8126: 8116: 8114: 8110: 8103: 8099: 8098: 8094: 8084: 8082: 8073: 8072: 8068: 8058: 8056: 8047: 8046: 8042: 8032: 8030: 8021: 8020: 8016: 8006: 8004: 7977:Foreign Affairs 7969: 7965: 7957: 7953: 7945: 7941: 7933: 7929: 7921: 7917: 7906: 7902: 7894: 7890: 7882: 7878: 7870: 7866: 7858: 7851: 7843: 7839: 7834:on 18 May 2021. 7824: 7820: 7810: 7808: 7798: 7774: 7770: 7761: 7757: 7749: 7745: 7737: 7733: 7727:Nathwani (2003) 7725: 7721: 7713: 7709: 7699: 7697: 7682: 7678: 7668: 7666: 7655: 7651: 7643: 7639: 7629: 7627: 7616: 7612: 7604: 7600: 7592: 7588: 7582:Shellens (1959) 7580: 7576: 7566: 7564: 7555: 7554: 7550: 7540: 7538: 7529: 7528: 7521: 7511: 7509: 7505: 7498: 7492: 7488: 7478: 7476: 7467: 7466: 7462: 7452: 7450: 7441: 7440: 7436: 7426: 7424: 7415: 7414: 7410: 7400: 7398: 7385: 7384: 7380: 7370: 7368: 7364: 7353: 7349: 7348: 7344: 7334: 7332: 7319: 7318: 7314: 7306: 7302: 7292: 7290: 7281: 7280: 7273: 7263: 7261: 7260:on 30 June 2021 7248: 7247: 7243: 7229: 7227: 7223: 7210: 7204: 7200: 7190: 7188: 7179: 7178: 7174: 7164: 7162: 7153: 7152: 7148: 7138: 7136: 7127: 7126: 7122: 7112: 7110: 7101: 7100: 7096: 7086: 7084: 7075: 7074: 7070: 7060: 7058: 7057:on 26 July 2013 7049: 7048: 7044: 7034: 7032: 7028: 7021: 7017: 7016: 7012: 7002: 7000: 6999:on 24 July 2011 6996: 6989: 6985: 6984: 6980: 6970: 6968: 6967:on 2 March 2012 6959: 6958: 6954: 6944: 6942: 6933: 6932: 6925: 6915: 6913: 6904: 6903: 6899: 6889: 6887: 6878: 6877: 6873: 6860: 6856: 6846: 6844: 6835: 6834: 6830: 6823: 6821: 6819: 6817: 6816: 6814: 6806: 6804: 6800: 6793: 6789: 6788: 6784: 6774: 6772: 6763: 6762: 6758: 6748: 6746: 6737: 6736: 6732: 6725:Wayback Machine 6713: 6709: 6699: 6697: 6684: 6683: 6679: 6672: 6658: 6654: 6646: 6639: 6629: 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3360: 3354: 3318: 3308: 3303: 3287: 3267:Wayback Machine 3197: 3144: 3138: 3105: 3099: 3046: 3040: 3035: 3029: 3024: 2998: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2837:and the French 2823:social contract 2803:, and the 1791 2664: 2658: 2655: 2648:needs expansion 2633: 2627: 2517:, and they are 2476: 2447: 2446: 2445: 2444: 2443: 2318:Polyculturalism 2214:Civil liberties 2186: 2178: 2177: 2176: 2175: 2174: 2155:Reappropriation 2057: 2056:Countermeasures 2049: 2048: 2047: 2046: 2045: 1974:Racial steering 1940:Numerus clausus 1844: 1836: 1835: 1834: 1833: 1832: 1557:Ethnic conflict 1492:Corrective rape 1447: 1439: 1438: 1437: 1436: 1435: 1072: 1061: 1060: 1059: 1058: 1057: 1012:minority Muslim 900: 890: 889: 888: 887: 886: 778:HIV/AIDS stigma 650: 642: 641: 640: 639: 638: 587:Mental disorder 529: 521: 520: 519: 518: 517: 490: 453: 326:Civil liberties 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 17307: 17297: 17296: 17291: 17286: 17281: 17276: 17271: 17266: 17261: 17256: 17251: 17249:Egalitarianism 17246: 17241: 17226: 17225: 17213: 17201: 17178: 17177: 17175: 17174: 17164: 17153: 17150: 17149: 17147: 17146: 17141: 17140: 17139: 17129: 17124: 17119: 17118: 17117: 17112: 17107: 17097: 17092: 17087: 17082: 17077: 17072: 17071: 17070: 17068:Reverse racism 17060: 17055: 17050: 17045: 17040: 17038:Prisoner abuse 17035: 17030: 17028:Power distance 17025: 17020: 17015: 17010: 17005: 17000: 16995: 16994: 16993: 16983: 16978: 16973: 16968: 16963: 16958: 16953: 16948: 16946:Ethnic penalty 16943: 16942: 16941: 16939:Neurodiversity 16936: 16926: 16924:Dehumanization 16921: 16916: 16914:Cisnormativity 16911: 16906: 16901: 16895: 16893: 16892:Related topics 16889: 16888: 16886: 16885: 16880: 16875: 16870: 16865: 16860: 16855: 16850: 16845: 16840: 16835: 16830: 16825: 16820: 16815: 16814: 16813: 16803: 16798: 16793: 16788: 16783: 16778: 16772: 16770: 16766: 16765: 16763: 16762: 16757: 16752: 16750:State religion 16747: 16742: 16737: 16732: 16731: 16730: 16725: 16720: 16715: 16705: 16700: 16695: 16690: 16689: 16688: 16686:Nuremberg Laws 16683: 16673: 16668: 16663: 16655: 16650: 16645: 16640: 16635: 16630: 16628:Ghetto benches 16625: 16623:Gerrymandering 16620: 16615: 16610: 16608:Gender pay gap 16605: 16604: 16603: 16598: 16588: 16583: 16578: 16573: 16567: 16565: 16562:Discriminatory 16559: 16558: 16556: 16555: 16550: 16545: 16540: 16535: 16530: 16525: 16520: 16515: 16510: 16505: 16500: 16495: 16490: 16485: 16480: 16475: 16470: 16465: 16460: 16455: 16450: 16445: 16440: 16439: 16438: 16433: 16428: 16418: 16413: 16408: 16403: 16398: 16393: 16391:Lavender scare 16388: 16386:Kill Haole Day 16383: 16381:Indian rolling 16378: 16373: 16368: 16363: 16358: 16357: 16356: 16346: 16341: 16340: 16339: 16329: 16324: 16319: 16314: 16309: 16304: 16299: 16294: 16289: 16284: 16279: 16274: 16269: 16267:Eliminationism 16264: 16259: 16254: 16249: 16244: 16239: 16234: 16229: 16224: 16219: 16214: 16209: 16204: 16202:Cancel culture 16199: 16194: 16189: 16188: 16187: 16176: 16174: 16173:Manifestations 16170: 16169: 16167: 16166: 16161: 16156: 16151: 16146: 16141: 16136: 16131: 16126: 16121: 16116: 16111: 16106: 16101: 16096: 16091: 16086: 16081: 16076: 16071: 16066: 16061: 16059:Middle Eastern 16056: 16051: 16046: 16041: 16036: 16031: 16026: 16025: 16024: 16014: 16009: 16004: 15999: 15998: 15997: 15992: 15987: 15979: 15974: 15969: 15964: 15959: 15954: 15949: 15944: 15939: 15934: 15929: 15924: 15919: 15914: 15909: 15904: 15899: 15894: 15893: 15892: 15887: 15882: 15872: 15867: 15862: 15861: 15860: 15855: 15850: 15840: 15835: 15830: 15825: 15820: 15815: 15809: 15807: 15800: 15799: 15797: 15796: 15794:Zoroastrianism 15791: 15786: 15781: 15776: 15771: 15770: 15769: 15759: 15758: 15757: 15756: 15755: 15750: 15745: 15740: 15735: 15720: 15719: 15718: 15716:Untouchability 15713: 15703: 15698: 15697: 15696: 15691: 15686: 15681: 15676: 15666: 15661: 15656: 15651: 15645: 15643: 15637: 15636: 15634: 15633: 15628: 15623: 15622: 15621: 15616: 15611: 15601: 15600: 15599: 15594: 15584: 15579: 15574: 15569: 15564: 15559: 15554: 15549: 15544: 15539: 15537:Leprosy stigma 15534: 15529: 15524: 15519: 15514: 15509: 15504: 15499: 15494: 15489: 15484: 15479: 15474: 15469: 15464: 15459: 15454: 15449: 15444: 15439: 15434: 15429: 15424: 15419: 15414: 15409: 15403: 15401: 15397: 15396: 15394: 15393: 15388: 15383: 15378: 15373: 15368: 15363: 15362: 15361: 15356: 15346: 15341: 15336: 15331: 15326: 15321: 15316: 15311: 15306: 15301: 15296: 15290: 15288: 15284: 15283: 15281: 15280: 15275: 15270: 15265: 15259: 15257: 15253: 15252: 15249:Discrimination 15245: 15244: 15237: 15230: 15222: 15213: 15212: 15210: 15209: 15204: 15199: 15194: 15189: 15184: 15179: 15177:Matching funds 15174: 15169: 15168: 15167: 15157: 15152: 15151: 15150: 15140: 15135: 15130: 15125: 15120: 15115: 15110: 15105: 15100: 15095: 15089: 15087: 15086:Further topics 15083: 15082: 15080: 15079: 15074: 15069: 15064: 15059: 15054: 15049: 15044: 15039: 15034: 15028: 15026: 15020: 15019: 15017: 15016: 15011: 15006: 15001: 14996: 14991: 14985: 14983: 14979: 14978: 14976: 14975: 14970: 14965: 14960: 14955: 14950: 14945: 14940: 14935: 14930: 14929: 14928: 14918: 14912: 14910: 14901: 14900: 14898: 14897: 14892: 14887: 14882: 14877: 14872: 14867: 14862: 14857: 14852: 14846: 14844: 14840: 14839: 14832: 14831: 14824: 14817: 14809: 14800: 14799: 14797: 14796: 14791: 14786: 14781: 14776: 14771: 14765: 14763: 14759: 14758: 14755: 14754: 14752: 14751: 14746: 14740: 14738: 14734: 14733: 14731: 14730: 14724: 14722: 14716: 14715: 14713: 14712: 14707: 14702: 14697: 14692: 14687: 14682: 14677: 14672: 14667: 14662: 14657: 14651: 14649: 14640: 14639:Investigations 14636: 14635: 14632: 14631: 14629: 14628: 14623: 14617: 14612: 14607: 14602: 14597: 14592: 14587: 14582: 14577: 14572: 14567: 14558: 14552: 14550: 14546: 14545: 14543: 14542: 14537: 14532: 14526: 14524: 14523:States parties 14517: 14513: 14512: 14510: 14509: 14504: 14499: 14494: 14488: 14486: 14482: 14481: 14474: 14472: 14469: 14468: 14466: 14465: 14457: 14451: 14445: 14439: 14432: 14430: 14426: 14425: 14422: 14421: 14419: 14418: 14413: 14408: 14403: 14397: 14395: 14391: 14390: 14388: 14387: 14381: 14379: 14372: 14371:UN resolutions 14368: 14367: 14365: 14364: 14359: 14354: 14349: 14344: 14333: 14331: 14324: 14320: 14319: 14312: 14311: 14304: 14297: 14289: 14280: 14279: 14277: 14276: 14270: 14267: 14266: 14264: 14263: 14258: 14253: 14247: 14245: 14241: 14240: 14238: 14237: 14232: 14227: 14222: 14216: 14214: 14210: 14209: 14202: 14201: 14194: 14187: 14179: 14170: 14169: 14155: 14152: 14151: 14149: 14148: 14143: 14138: 14133: 14128: 14123: 14115: 14107: 14102: 14097: 14092: 14087: 14081: 14079: 14075: 14074: 14072: 14071: 14066: 14061: 14054: 14049: 14044: 14039: 14034: 14029: 14028: 14027: 14017: 14012: 14011: 14010: 14000: 13999: 13998: 13988: 13983: 13982: 13981: 13971: 13966: 13961: 13956: 13951: 13946: 13941: 13936: 13931: 13926: 13921: 13916: 13911: 13910: 13909: 13899: 13894: 13889: 13884: 13879: 13874: 13869: 13864: 13859: 13854: 13849: 13844: 13839: 13834: 13829: 13828: 13827: 13817: 13812: 13807: 13802: 13795: 13790: 13785: 13780: 13774: 13772: 13766: 13765: 13763: 13762: 13757: 13752: 13751: 13750: 13745: 13740: 13735: 13730: 13725: 13720: 13712: 13711: 13710: 13705: 13694: 13692: 13688: 13687: 13685: 13684: 13683: 13682: 13677: 13675:Western Sahara 13672: 13667: 13662: 13657: 13652: 13647: 13642: 13637: 13632: 13622: 13621: 13620: 13615: 13605: 13599: 13597: 13591: 13590: 13587: 13586: 13584: 13583: 13578: 13573: 13572: 13571: 13566: 13556: 13555: 13554: 13544: 13539: 13538: 13537: 13532: 13522: 13521: 13520: 13515: 13510: 13505: 13494: 13492: 13488: 13487: 13485: 13484: 13478: 13472: 13466: 13460: 13454: 13448: 13442: 13435: 13433: 13429: 13428: 13426: 13425: 13424: 13423: 13418: 13413: 13408: 13398: 13393: 13388: 13383: 13378: 13372: 13370: 13363: 13357: 13356: 13354: 13353: 13352: 13351: 13349:European Union 13341: 13340: 13339: 13329: 13324: 13319: 13313: 13311: 13303: 13302: 13299: 13298: 13296: 13295: 13290: 13285: 13280: 13275: 13270: 13265: 13260: 13255: 13250: 13245: 13240: 13235: 13230: 13229: 13228: 13218: 13213: 13208: 13203: 13198: 13193: 13188: 13186:Envoy on Youth 13183: 13182: 13181: 13176: 13171: 13160: 13158: 13150: 13149: 13147: 13146: 13145: 13144: 13139: 13134: 13124: 13119: 13114: 13109: 13104: 13099: 13094: 13089: 13084: 13079: 13074: 13069: 13064: 13059: 13054: 13049: 13043: 13041: 13036: 13033: 13032: 13030: 13029: 13024: 13019: 13014: 13013: 13012: 13007: 12997: 12992: 12987: 12982: 12977: 12972: 12967: 12962: 12957: 12952: 12947: 12942: 12937: 12932: 12927: 12922: 12917: 12912: 12911: 12910: 12905: 12900: 12890: 12889: 12888: 12878: 12873: 12868: 12863: 12858: 12853: 12848: 12843: 12838: 12833: 12828: 12823: 12817: 12815: 12808: 12805: 12804: 12802: 12801: 12796: 12795: 12794: 12784: 12783: 12782: 12777: 12772: 12762: 12761: 12760: 12750: 12749: 12748: 12738: 12737: 12736: 12731: 12726: 12710: 12708: 12704: 12703: 12701: 12700: 12694: 12692: 12683: 12677: 12676: 12674: 12673: 12671:Dennis Francis 12664: 12655: 12645: 12642: 12641: 12638:United Nations 12634: 12633: 12626: 12619: 12611: 12602: 12601: 12599: 12598: 12593: 12587: 12585: 12574: 12573: 12571: 12570: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12544: 12542: 12535: 12534: 12532: 12531: 12526: 12521: 12516: 12511: 12506: 12501: 12496: 12491: 12486: 12481: 12476: 12471: 12466: 12461: 12456: 12451: 12446: 12441: 12439:European Union 12435: 12433: 12427: 12426: 12424: 12423: 12418: 12413: 12408: 12403: 12398: 12393: 12387: 12385: 12381: 12380: 12378: 12377: 12372: 12367: 12362: 12357: 12352: 12347: 12341: 12339: 12333: 12332: 12330: 12329: 12324: 12319: 12314: 12308: 12306: 12302: 12301: 12289:International 12286: 12285: 12278: 12271: 12263: 12254: 12253: 12250: 12249: 12247: 12246: 12241: 12236: 12231: 12226: 12221: 12216: 12210: 12207: 12206: 12192: 12191: 12188: 12187: 12185: 12184: 12183: 12182: 12177: 12172: 12164: 12159: 12158: 12157: 12152: 12150:Social Charter 12147: 12142: 12137: 12132: 12124: 12123: 12122: 12111: 12108: 12107: 12095: 12094: 12091: 12090: 12088: 12087: 12082: 12077: 12072: 12067: 12062: 12057: 12052: 12047: 12042: 12037: 12032: 12027: 12021: 12018: 12017: 12003: 12002: 11999: 11998: 11996: 11995: 11989: 11984: 11978: 11973: 11968: 11963: 11957: 11951: 11945: 11940: 11935: 11930: 11924: 11919: 11913: 11910: 11909: 11897: 11896: 11889: 11888: 11881: 11874: 11866: 11857: 11856: 11854: 11853: 11848: 11843: 11838: 11833: 11828: 11822: 11820: 11816: 11815: 11813: 11812: 11807: 11802: 11797: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11766: 11765: 11760: 11755: 11750: 11745: 11740: 11735: 11730: 11725: 11720: 11715: 11710: 11705: 11700: 11695: 11690: 11685: 11680: 11675: 11670: 11665: 11663:in Switzerland 11660: 11655: 11650: 11648:in South Korea 11645: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11615: 11610: 11605: 11600: 11595: 11590: 11585: 11583:in North Korea 11580: 11575: 11573:in New Zealand 11570: 11565: 11560: 11555: 11550: 11545: 11540: 11535: 11530: 11525: 11520: 11518:in Kyrgyzstan‎ 11515: 11510: 11505: 11500: 11495: 11490: 11485: 11480: 11475: 11470: 11465: 11460: 11455: 11450: 11445: 11440: 11435: 11430: 11425: 11420: 11415: 11410: 11405: 11403:in El Salvador 11400: 11395: 11390: 11385: 11380: 11375: 11370: 11365: 11360: 11355: 11350: 11345: 11340: 11335: 11330: 11328:in Balochistan 11325: 11320: 11315: 11310: 11305: 11300: 11295: 11290: 11285: 11280: 11278:in Afghanistan 11275: 11270: 11265: 11260: 11255: 11245: 11240: 11235: 11230: 11225: 11220: 11215: 11213:Atrocity crime 11209: 11207: 11203: 11202: 11199: 11198: 11196: 11195: 11193: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11179: 11174: 11169: 11167: 11162: 11157: 11151: 11145: 11141: 11140: 11138: 11137: 11132: 11126: 11124: 11120: 11119: 11116: 11115: 11113: 11112: 11106: 11104: 11100: 11099: 11097: 11096: 11091: 11086: 11081: 11075: 11073: 11069: 11068: 11066: 11065: 11060: 11055: 11050: 11044: 11038: 11033: 11030: 11029: 11027: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11005: 11002: 11001: 10994: 10993: 10986: 10979: 10971: 10962: 10961: 10959: 10958: 10956:Westernization 10953: 10948: 10943: 10938: 10936:Visegrád Group 10933: 10928: 10923: 10918: 10913: 10908: 10903: 10898: 10893: 10888: 10883: 10878: 10876:Nordic Council 10873: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10808: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10771:Bucharest Nine 10768: 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10738: 10736:Arctic Council 10733: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10713: 10707: 10705: 10699: 10698: 10696: 10695: 10690: 10685: 10684: 10683: 10678: 10673: 10668: 10663: 10658: 10648: 10643: 10642: 10641: 10631: 10625: 10623: 10617: 10616: 10614: 10613: 10608: 10603: 10602: 10601: 10596: 10591: 10586: 10581: 10580: 10579: 10574: 10569: 10564: 10554: 10549: 10544: 10534: 10533: 10532: 10531: 10530: 10520: 10519: 10518: 10513: 10512: 10511: 10501: 10500: 10499: 10489: 10488: 10487: 10462: 10460: 10454: 10453: 10451: 10450: 10449: 10448: 10438: 10433: 10428: 10427: 10426: 10414: 10413: 10412: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10387: 10382: 10377: 10372: 10371: 10370: 10365: 10355: 10354: 10353: 10346:Existentialism 10343: 10338: 10333: 10328: 10323: 10318: 10313: 10308: 10303: 10297: 10295: 10289: 10288: 10286: 10285: 10284: 10283: 10278: 10273: 10268: 10258: 10257: 10256: 10246: 10245: 10244: 10239: 10229: 10228: 10227: 10217: 10212: 10211: 10210: 10205: 10200: 10190: 10189: 10188: 10178: 10177: 10176: 10166: 10165: 10164: 10159: 10149: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10133: 10132: 10122: 10117: 10116: 10115: 10105: 10104: 10103: 10093: 10092: 10091: 10081: 10076: 10075: 10074: 10064: 10059: 10058: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10036: 10034: 10028: 10027: 10025: 10024: 10023: 10022: 10017: 10007: 10006: 10005: 10000: 9995: 9990: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9930: 9925: 9920: 9910: 9905: 9904: 9903: 9898: 9893: 9883: 9882: 9881: 9879:Late antiquity 9871: 9865: 9863: 9857: 9856: 9854: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9838: 9833: 9832: 9831: 9830: 9829: 9824: 9814: 9809: 9804: 9794: 9789: 9783: 9781: 9777: 9776: 9765: 9764: 9757: 9750: 9742: 9733: 9732: 9730: 9729: 9723: 9721: 9717: 9716: 9714: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9697: 9695: 9691: 9690: 9688: 9687: 9682: 9677: 9672: 9667: 9661: 9659: 9655: 9654: 9652: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9626: 9621: 9615: 9613: 9609: 9608: 9598: 9597: 9590: 9583: 9575: 9566: 9565: 9563: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9537: 9531: 9529: 9525: 9524: 9522: 9521: 9516: 9511: 9506: 9501: 9496: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9476: 9470: 9468: 9459: 9456: 9455: 9453: 9452: 9447: 9442: 9437: 9432: 9431: 9430: 9425: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9399: 9397: 9392:Crimes against 9390: 9387: 9386: 9384: 9383: 9378: 9373: 9368: 9363: 9358: 9353: 9348: 9343: 9338: 9332: 9330: 9324: 9323: 9316: 9315: 9308: 9301: 9293: 9287: 9286: 9281: 9276: 9274:United Nations 9247: 9240: 9239: 9238: 9236: 9235:External links 9233: 9232: 9231: 9219: 9216: 9215: 9214: 9181: 9167:Tierney, Brian 9164: 9151: 9144: 9130:Alston, Philip 9126: 9109: 9091: 9073: 9060: 9053: 9042: 9036: 9023: 9005: 8990: 8981: 8979:978-0731537211 8967: 8957: 8942: 8935: 8921: 8913:"Human Rights" 8908: 8903:Neier, Aryeh. 8901: 8895: 8882: 8875: 8868: 8853: 8851:978-9004147430 8836: 8830: 8817: 8806: 8786: 8778:Littman, David 8774: 8766:Penn Bioethics 8757: 8743: 8739:978-0415420150 8738: 8725: 8715: 8703: 8667: 8660: 8644: 8634: 8628: 8613: 8603: 8597: 8581: 8567: 8557: 8551: 8535: 8529: 8514: 8497: 8483: 8473: 8467: 8454: 8440: 8429: 8411: 8397: 8391: 8378: 8363: 8357: 8344: 8339:978-1904456452 8338: 8325: 8319: 8313:. SUNY Press. 8306: 8288:(3): 755–829. 8278:Alston, Philip 8274: 8252: 8249: 8246: 8245: 8214: 8183: 8154: 8124: 8092: 8066: 8040: 8014: 7963: 7951: 7939: 7927: 7915: 7900: 7888: 7884:Littman (1999) 7876: 7864: 7862:, p. 807. 7849: 7837: 7818: 7797:978-9004415492 7796: 7768: 7755: 7743: 7739:Arnhart (1998) 7731: 7719: 7707: 7686:"Human Rights" 7676: 7659:"Human Rights" 7649: 7637: 7610: 7598: 7586: 7574: 7548: 7519: 7486: 7460: 7434: 7408: 7378: 7342: 7312: 7300: 7271: 7241: 7198: 7172: 7146: 7120: 7094: 7068: 7042: 7010: 6978: 6952: 6923: 6897: 6871: 6854: 6828: 6782: 6756: 6730: 6707: 6677: 6671:978-0198254508 6670: 6652: 6650:, p. 309. 6637: 6607: 6605:, p. 311. 6595: 6583: 6557: 6545: 6513: 6481: 6448: 6412: 6381: 6364:Foreign Policy 6348: 6313: 6262: 6229: 6202:(4): 536–550. 6186: 6174:Foreign Policy 6160: 6147:United Nations 6134: 6104: 6092: 6080: 6043: 6028: 6015: 5999: 5982: 5978:Glendon (2001) 5970: 5928: 5919: 5900: 5853: 5817: 5815:, p. 110. 5805: 5775: 5769:978-1116447477 5768: 5750: 5736: 5715: 5689: 5663: 5620: 5614:978-1139483483 5613: 5593: 5576: 5572:Freeman (2002) 5559: 5553:978-1139483483 5552: 5532: 5511:978-9231002595 5510: 5488: 5468: 5466:, p. 265. 5456: 5423: 5400: 5388: 5357: 5345: 5315: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5306: 5305: 5292: 5282: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5273: 5271:Welfare rights 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5221:Discrimination 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5177: 5174: 5154: 5128:Guantanamo Bay 5119: 5116: 5098: 5063: 5060: 5001: 4998: 4991: 4964:Chee Soon Juan 4947: 4877: 4874: 4861: 4836: 4825: 4808: 4760: 4749: 4746: 4738: 4735: 4701: 4686: 4683: 4675:natural rights 4631:natural rights 4598:Richard Hooker 4590:Thomas Aquinas 4582:Church fathers 4567:Thomas Aquinas 4526:Natural rights 4517: 4516:Natural rights 4514: 4491: 4490: 4488: 4487: 4480: 4473: 4465: 4462: 4461: 4460: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4387:Free migration 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4341: 4340: 4336: 4335: 4334: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4313: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4277: 4276: 4271: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4250: 4249: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4161: 4160: 4156: 4155: 4154: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4135: 4134: 4128: 4127: 4126: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4102: 4101: 4097: 4096: 4088: 4087: 4078: 4075: 4063:European Union 4010:Main article: 3996: 3993: 3915: 3912: 3907: 3906: 3900: 3894: 3876: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3866: 3863: 3860: 3840: 3837: 3817: 3816: 3810: 3807: 3783:Main article: 3769: 3766: 3742: 3739: 3735:local remedies 3727: 3726: 3706: 3674: 3671: 3666: 3665: 3658: 3643: 3636: 3625: 3618: 3611: 3603: 3591: 3563:Main article: 3560: 3557: 3532:Main article: 3529: 3526: 3516: 3482:United Nations 3480:Main article: 3477: 3476:United Nations 3474: 3469:Main article: 3466: 3463: 3458: 3455: 3412: 3409: 3353: 3350: 3325:United Nations 3307: 3306:Military force 3304: 3302: 3299: 3286: 3283: 3282: 3281: 3275: 3269: 3253: 3247: 3238: 3229: 3196: 3193: 3180: 3179: 3150:Mahatma Gandhi 3136: 3097: 3042:Main article: 3039: 3036: 3034: 3031: 3022: 2997: 2994: 2959:Mahatma Gandhi 2947:women's rights 2868: 2865: 2855: 2831:Claim of Right 2827:Bill of Rights 2776:iura naturalia 2713:natural rights 2681:on 4 July 1776 2666: 2665: 2645: 2643: 2629:Main article: 2626: 2623: 2591:natural rights 2489:principles or 2478: 2477: 2475: 2474: 2467: 2460: 2452: 2449: 2448: 2442: 2441: 2436: 2435: 2434: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2413: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2392: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2367: 2366: 2365: 2363:Reverse racism 2355: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2335: 2333:Prisoner abuse 2330: 2325: 2323:Power distance 2320: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2295: 2290: 2289: 2288: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2241:Ethnic penalty 2238: 2237: 2236: 2234:Neurodiversity 2231: 2221: 2219:Dehumanization 2216: 2211: 2209:Cisnormativity 2206: 2201: 2196: 2190: 2189: 2188: 2187: 2185:Related topics 2184: 2183: 2180: 2179: 2173: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2103: 2102: 2092: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2061: 2060: 2059: 2058: 2055: 2054: 2051: 2050: 2044: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2031:State religion 2028: 2023: 2018: 2013: 2012: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1970: 1969: 1967:Nuremberg Laws 1964: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1909:Ghetto benches 1906: 1904:Gerrymandering 1901: 1896: 1891: 1889:Gender pay gap 1886: 1885: 1884: 1879: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1848: 1847: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1841: 1838: 1837: 1831: 1830: 1825: 1820: 1815: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1714: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1666:Lavender scare 1663: 1661:Kill Haole Day 1658: 1656:Indian rolling 1653: 1648: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1632: 1631: 1621: 1616: 1615: 1614: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1542:Eliminationism 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1477:Cancel culture 1474: 1469: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1451: 1450: 1449: 1448: 1446:Manifestations 1445: 1444: 1441: 1440: 1434: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1326:Middle Eastern 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1265: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1160: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1128: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1067: 1066: 1063: 1062: 1056: 1055: 1053:Zoroastrianism 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1029: 1028: 1018: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 979: 978: 977: 975:Untouchability 972: 962: 957: 956: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 925: 920: 915: 910: 904: 903: 902: 901: 896: 895: 892: 891: 885: 884: 879: 874: 873: 872: 867: 862: 852: 851: 850: 845: 835: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 805: 800: 795: 790: 788:Leprosy stigma 785: 780: 775: 770: 765: 760: 755: 750: 745: 740: 735: 730: 725: 720: 715: 710: 705: 700: 695: 690: 685: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 654: 653: 652: 651: 648: 647: 644: 643: 637: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 605: 604: 599: 589: 584: 579: 574: 569: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 533: 532: 531: 530: 527: 526: 523: 522: 516: 515: 510: 505: 500: 494: 493: 492: 491: 488: 487: 484: 483: 475: 474: 472:Discrimination 468: 467: 455: 454: 452: 451: 444: 437: 429: 426: 425: 424: 423: 418: 413: 408: 403: 398: 393: 388: 383: 378: 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 351:Free migration 348: 343: 338: 333: 328: 323: 318: 313: 305: 304: 300: 299: 298: 297: 292: 287: 282: 277: 272: 267: 262: 257: 252: 247: 242: 241: 240: 235: 225: 220: 215: 214: 213: 203: 198: 193: 188: 183: 178: 173: 168: 163: 158: 153: 148: 143: 138: 133: 125: 124: 120: 119: 118: 117: 112: 107: 99: 98: 92: 91: 90: 89: 84: 79: 74: 66: 65: 61: 60: 52: 51: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 17306: 17295: 17292: 17290: 17287: 17285: 17282: 17280: 17277: 17275: 17272: 17270: 17267: 17265: 17262: 17260: 17257: 17255: 17252: 17250: 17247: 17245: 17242: 17240: 17237: 17236: 17234: 17224: 17214: 17212: 17207: 17202: 17200: 17195: 17190: 17189: 17186: 17173: 17165: 17163: 17155: 17154: 17151: 17145: 17142: 17138: 17135: 17134: 17133: 17130: 17128: 17125: 17123: 17122:Social stigma 17120: 17116: 17113: 17111: 17108: 17106: 17103: 17102: 17101: 17098: 17096: 17093: 17091: 17088: 17086: 17083: 17081: 17078: 17076: 17073: 17069: 17066: 17065: 17064: 17061: 17059: 17056: 17054: 17051: 17049: 17046: 17044: 17041: 17039: 17036: 17034: 17031: 17029: 17026: 17024: 17021: 17019: 17016: 17014: 17011: 17009: 17006: 17004: 17001: 16999: 16996: 16992: 16989: 16988: 16987: 16984: 16982: 16979: 16977: 16974: 16972: 16969: 16967: 16964: 16962: 16959: 16957: 16954: 16952: 16949: 16947: 16944: 16940: 16937: 16935: 16932: 16931: 16930: 16927: 16925: 16922: 16920: 16917: 16915: 16912: 16910: 16907: 16905: 16902: 16900: 16897: 16896: 16894: 16890: 16884: 16881: 16879: 16876: 16874: 16871: 16869: 16866: 16864: 16861: 16859: 16856: 16854: 16851: 16849: 16846: 16844: 16841: 16839: 16836: 16834: 16831: 16829: 16826: 16824: 16821: 16819: 16816: 16812: 16809: 16808: 16807: 16804: 16802: 16799: 16797: 16794: 16792: 16789: 16787: 16784: 16782: 16779: 16777: 16774: 16773: 16771: 16767: 16761: 16758: 16756: 16753: 16751: 16748: 16746: 16745:State atheism 16743: 16741: 16738: 16736: 16733: 16729: 16726: 16724: 16721: 16719: 16716: 16714: 16711: 16710: 16709: 16706: 16704: 16701: 16699: 16696: 16694: 16691: 16687: 16684: 16682: 16681:Jim Crow laws 16679: 16678: 16677: 16674: 16672: 16669: 16667: 16666:One-drop rule 16664: 16662: 16660: 16656: 16654: 16651: 16649: 16646: 16644: 16641: 16639: 16636: 16634: 16631: 16629: 16626: 16624: 16621: 16619: 16616: 16614: 16611: 16609: 16606: 16602: 16599: 16597: 16594: 16593: 16592: 16589: 16587: 16584: 16582: 16581:Blood quantum 16579: 16577: 16574: 16572: 16569: 16568: 16566: 16560: 16554: 16551: 16549: 16546: 16544: 16541: 16539: 16536: 16534: 16531: 16529: 16528:Victimisation 16526: 16524: 16523:Trans bashing 16521: 16519: 16516: 16514: 16511: 16509: 16506: 16504: 16501: 16499: 16496: 16494: 16493:Religious war 16491: 16489: 16486: 16484: 16481: 16479: 16476: 16474: 16473:Racialization 16471: 16469: 16466: 16464: 16461: 16459: 16456: 16454: 16451: 16449: 16446: 16444: 16441: 16437: 16434: 16432: 16429: 16427: 16424: 16423: 16422: 16419: 16417: 16414: 16412: 16409: 16407: 16404: 16402: 16399: 16397: 16394: 16392: 16389: 16387: 16384: 16382: 16379: 16377: 16374: 16372: 16369: 16367: 16364: 16362: 16359: 16355: 16352: 16351: 16350: 16347: 16345: 16344:Glass ceiling 16342: 16338: 16335: 16334: 16333: 16330: 16328: 16325: 16323: 16320: 16318: 16315: 16313: 16310: 16308: 16305: 16303: 16300: 16298: 16295: 16293: 16290: 16288: 16287:Ethnic hatred 16285: 16283: 16280: 16278: 16275: 16273: 16270: 16268: 16265: 16263: 16260: 16258: 16255: 16253: 16250: 16248: 16245: 16243: 16240: 16238: 16235: 16233: 16230: 16228: 16225: 16223: 16222:Counter-jihad 16220: 16218: 16215: 16213: 16210: 16208: 16205: 16203: 16200: 16198: 16195: 16193: 16190: 16186: 16183: 16182: 16181: 16178: 16177: 16175: 16171: 16165: 16162: 16160: 16157: 16155: 16152: 16150: 16147: 16145: 16142: 16140: 16137: 16135: 16132: 16130: 16127: 16125: 16122: 16120: 16117: 16115: 16112: 16110: 16107: 16105: 16102: 16100: 16097: 16095: 16092: 16090: 16087: 16085: 16082: 16080: 16077: 16075: 16072: 16070: 16067: 16065: 16062: 16060: 16057: 16055: 16052: 16050: 16047: 16045: 16042: 16040: 16037: 16035: 16032: 16030: 16027: 16023: 16020: 16019: 16018: 16015: 16013: 16010: 16008: 16005: 16003: 16000: 15996: 15995:United States 15993: 15991: 15988: 15986: 15983: 15982: 15980: 15978: 15975: 15973: 15970: 15968: 15965: 15963: 15960: 15958: 15955: 15953: 15950: 15948: 15945: 15943: 15940: 15938: 15935: 15933: 15930: 15928: 15925: 15923: 15920: 15918: 15915: 15913: 15910: 15908: 15905: 15903: 15900: 15898: 15895: 15891: 15888: 15886: 15883: 15881: 15878: 15877: 15876: 15873: 15871: 15868: 15866: 15863: 15859: 15858:United States 15856: 15854: 15851: 15849: 15846: 15845: 15844: 15841: 15839: 15836: 15834: 15831: 15829: 15826: 15824: 15821: 15819: 15816: 15814: 15811: 15810: 15808: 15806: 15801: 15795: 15792: 15790: 15787: 15785: 15782: 15780: 15779:Protestantism 15777: 15775: 15772: 15768: 15765: 15764: 15763: 15760: 15754: 15751: 15749: 15746: 15744: 15741: 15739: 15736: 15734: 15731: 15730: 15729: 15726: 15725: 15724: 15721: 15717: 15714: 15712: 15709: 15708: 15707: 15704: 15702: 15699: 15695: 15692: 15690: 15689:LDS or Mormon 15687: 15685: 15682: 15680: 15677: 15675: 15672: 15671: 15670: 15667: 15665: 15662: 15660: 15657: 15655: 15652: 15650: 15647: 15646: 15644: 15642: 15638: 15632: 15629: 15627: 15624: 15620: 15617: 15615: 15614:Transmisogyny 15612: 15610: 15607: 15606: 15605: 15602: 15598: 15595: 15593: 15590: 15589: 15588: 15585: 15583: 15580: 15578: 15575: 15573: 15570: 15568: 15565: 15563: 15560: 15558: 15555: 15553: 15550: 15548: 15545: 15543: 15540: 15538: 15535: 15533: 15530: 15528: 15525: 15523: 15520: 15518: 15517:Gerontophobia 15515: 15513: 15510: 15508: 15505: 15503: 15500: 15498: 15495: 15493: 15490: 15488: 15485: 15483: 15480: 15478: 15475: 15473: 15470: 15468: 15465: 15463: 15460: 15458: 15455: 15453: 15450: 15448: 15447:Anti-intersex 15445: 15443: 15440: 15438: 15435: 15433: 15430: 15428: 15425: 15423: 15422:Anti-albinism 15420: 15418: 15415: 15413: 15410: 15408: 15405: 15404: 15402: 15398: 15392: 15389: 15387: 15384: 15382: 15379: 15377: 15374: 15372: 15369: 15367: 15364: 15360: 15357: 15355: 15352: 15351: 15350: 15347: 15345: 15342: 15340: 15337: 15335: 15332: 15330: 15327: 15325: 15322: 15320: 15317: 15315: 15312: 15310: 15307: 15305: 15302: 15300: 15297: 15295: 15292: 15291: 15289: 15285: 15279: 15276: 15274: 15271: 15269: 15266: 15264: 15263:Institutional 15261: 15260: 15258: 15254: 15250: 15243: 15238: 15236: 15231: 15229: 15224: 15223: 15220: 15208: 15205: 15203: 15200: 15198: 15195: 15193: 15190: 15188: 15185: 15183: 15180: 15178: 15175: 15173: 15170: 15166: 15163: 15162: 15161: 15158: 15156: 15153: 15149: 15146: 15145: 15144: 15141: 15139: 15136: 15134: 15131: 15129: 15126: 15124: 15121: 15119: 15116: 15114: 15111: 15109: 15108:Charity fraud 15106: 15104: 15103:Caffè sospeso 15101: 15099: 15096: 15094: 15091: 15090: 15088: 15084: 15078: 15075: 15073: 15070: 15068: 15065: 15063: 15060: 15058: 15055: 15053: 15050: 15048: 15045: 15043: 15040: 15038: 15035: 15033: 15030: 15029: 15027: 15025: 15021: 15015: 15012: 15010: 15007: 15005: 15002: 15000: 14997: 14995: 14992: 14990: 14987: 14986: 14984: 14980: 14974: 14971: 14969: 14966: 14964: 14961: 14959: 14956: 14954: 14951: 14949: 14946: 14944: 14941: 14939: 14936: 14934: 14931: 14927: 14924: 14923: 14922: 14919: 14917: 14914: 14913: 14911: 14909: 14908:organizations 14902: 14896: 14893: 14891: 14888: 14886: 14883: 14881: 14878: 14876: 14873: 14871: 14868: 14866: 14863: 14861: 14858: 14856: 14853: 14851: 14848: 14847: 14845: 14841: 14837: 14830: 14825: 14823: 14818: 14816: 14811: 14810: 14807: 14795: 14792: 14790: 14787: 14785: 14782: 14780: 14777: 14775: 14772: 14770: 14767: 14766: 14764: 14760: 14750: 14747: 14745: 14742: 14741: 14739: 14735: 14729: 14726: 14725: 14723: 14721: 14717: 14711: 14708: 14706: 14703: 14701: 14698: 14696: 14693: 14691: 14688: 14686: 14683: 14681: 14678: 14676: 14673: 14671: 14668: 14666: 14665:Darfur, Sudan 14663: 14661: 14658: 14656: 14653: 14652: 14650: 14648: 14644: 14641: 14637: 14627: 14624: 14621: 14618: 14616: 14613: 14611: 14608: 14606: 14603: 14601: 14598: 14596: 14593: 14591: 14588: 14586: 14583: 14581: 14578: 14576: 14573: 14571: 14568: 14566: 14562: 14559: 14557: 14554: 14553: 14551: 14547: 14541: 14538: 14536: 14533: 14531: 14528: 14527: 14525: 14521: 14518: 14514: 14508: 14505: 14503: 14500: 14498: 14495: 14493: 14490: 14489: 14487: 14483: 14478: 14463: 14462: 14458: 14455: 14452: 14449: 14446: 14443: 14440: 14437: 14434: 14433: 14431: 14427: 14417: 14414: 14412: 14409: 14407: 14404: 14402: 14399: 14398: 14396: 14392: 14386: 14383: 14382: 14380: 14376: 14373: 14369: 14363: 14360: 14358: 14355: 14353: 14350: 14348: 14345: 14342: 14338: 14335: 14334: 14332: 14330:International 14328: 14325: 14321: 14317: 14310: 14305: 14303: 14298: 14296: 14291: 14290: 14287: 14275: 14272: 14271: 14268: 14262: 14259: 14257: 14254: 14252: 14249: 14248: 14246: 14242: 14236: 14233: 14231: 14228: 14226: 14223: 14221: 14218: 14217: 14215: 14211: 14207: 14200: 14195: 14193: 14188: 14186: 14181: 14180: 14177: 14167: 14166: 14161: 14153: 14147: 14144: 14142: 14139: 14137: 14134: 14132: 14129: 14127: 14124: 14122: 14120: 14116: 14114: 14112: 14108: 14106: 14103: 14101: 14098: 14096: 14093: 14091: 14088: 14086: 14083: 14082: 14080: 14076: 14070: 14067: 14065: 14062: 14060: 14059: 14055: 14053: 14050: 14048: 14045: 14043: 14040: 14038: 14035: 14033: 14030: 14026: 14023: 14022: 14021: 14018: 14016: 14013: 14009: 14006: 14005: 14004: 14001: 13997: 13994: 13993: 13992: 13989: 13987: 13984: 13980: 13977: 13976: 13975: 13972: 13970: 13967: 13965: 13962: 13960: 13957: 13955: 13952: 13950: 13949:Treaty Series 13947: 13945: 13942: 13940: 13937: 13935: 13932: 13930: 13927: 13925: 13922: 13920: 13917: 13915: 13912: 13908: 13905: 13904: 13903: 13900: 13898: 13895: 13893: 13890: 13888: 13885: 13883: 13880: 13878: 13875: 13873: 13870: 13868: 13865: 13863: 13860: 13858: 13855: 13853: 13850: 13848: 13845: 13843: 13840: 13838: 13835: 13833: 13830: 13826: 13823: 13822: 13821: 13818: 13816: 13813: 13811: 13808: 13806: 13803: 13801: 13800: 13796: 13794: 13791: 13789: 13786: 13784: 13781: 13779: 13776: 13775: 13773: 13771: 13767: 13761: 13758: 13756: 13753: 13749: 13746: 13744: 13741: 13739: 13736: 13734: 13731: 13729: 13726: 13724: 13721: 13719: 13716: 13715: 13713: 13709: 13706: 13704: 13701: 13700: 13699: 13696: 13695: 13693: 13689: 13681: 13678: 13676: 13673: 13671: 13668: 13666: 13663: 13661: 13658: 13656: 13653: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13643: 13641: 13638: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13627: 13626: 13623: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13610: 13609: 13606: 13604: 13601: 13600: 13598: 13596: 13592: 13582: 13579: 13577: 13574: 13570: 13567: 13565: 13562: 13561: 13560: 13557: 13553: 13550: 13549: 13548: 13545: 13543: 13540: 13536: 13533: 13531: 13528: 13527: 13526: 13523: 13519: 13516: 13514: 13511: 13509: 13506: 13504: 13501: 13500: 13499: 13496: 13495: 13493: 13489: 13482: 13479: 13476: 13473: 13470: 13467: 13464: 13461: 13458: 13455: 13452: 13449: 13446: 13443: 13440: 13437: 13436: 13434: 13430: 13422: 13419: 13417: 13414: 13412: 13409: 13407: 13404: 13403: 13402: 13399: 13397: 13394: 13392: 13389: 13387: 13384: 13382: 13379: 13377: 13374: 13373: 13371: 13367: 13364: 13362: 13358: 13350: 13347: 13346: 13345: 13342: 13338: 13335: 13334: 13333: 13330: 13328: 13325: 13323: 13320: 13318: 13315: 13314: 13312: 13310: 13309:and observers 13304: 13294: 13291: 13289: 13286: 13284: 13281: 13279: 13276: 13274: 13271: 13269: 13266: 13264: 13261: 13259: 13256: 13254: 13253:Legal Affairs 13251: 13249: 13246: 13244: 13241: 13239: 13236: 13234: 13231: 13227: 13224: 13223: 13222: 13219: 13217: 13214: 13212: 13209: 13207: 13204: 13202: 13199: 13197: 13194: 13192: 13189: 13187: 13184: 13180: 13177: 13175: 13172: 13170: 13167: 13166: 13165: 13162: 13161: 13159: 13157: 13151: 13143: 13140: 13138: 13135: 13133: 13130: 13129: 13128: 13125: 13123: 13120: 13118: 13115: 13113: 13110: 13108: 13105: 13103: 13100: 13098: 13095: 13093: 13090: 13088: 13085: 13083: 13080: 13078: 13075: 13073: 13070: 13068: 13065: 13063: 13060: 13058: 13055: 13053: 13050: 13048: 13045: 13044: 13042: 13039: 13034: 13028: 13025: 13023: 13020: 13018: 13015: 13011: 13008: 13006: 13003: 13002: 13001: 12998: 12996: 12993: 12991: 12988: 12986: 12983: 12981: 12978: 12976: 12973: 12971: 12968: 12966: 12963: 12961: 12958: 12956: 12953: 12951: 12948: 12946: 12943: 12941: 12938: 12936: 12933: 12931: 12928: 12926: 12923: 12921: 12918: 12916: 12913: 12909: 12906: 12904: 12901: 12899: 12896: 12895: 12894: 12891: 12887: 12884: 12883: 12882: 12879: 12877: 12874: 12872: 12869: 12867: 12864: 12862: 12859: 12857: 12854: 12852: 12849: 12847: 12844: 12842: 12839: 12837: 12834: 12832: 12829: 12827: 12824: 12822: 12819: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12806: 12800: 12797: 12793: 12790: 12789: 12788: 12785: 12781: 12778: 12776: 12773: 12771: 12768: 12767: 12766: 12763: 12759: 12756: 12755: 12754: 12751: 12747: 12744: 12743: 12742: 12739: 12735: 12732: 12730: 12727: 12724: 12720: 12717: 12716: 12715: 12712: 12711: 12709: 12705: 12699: 12696: 12695: 12693: 12691: 12687: 12684: 12682: 12678: 12672: 12668: 12665: 12663: 12659: 12656: 12654: 12650: 12647: 12646: 12643: 12639: 12632: 12627: 12625: 12620: 12618: 12613: 12612: 12609: 12597: 12594: 12592: 12589: 12588: 12586: 12584: 12575: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12563:Emergency NGO 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12545: 12543: 12541: 12536: 12530: 12527: 12525: 12522: 12520: 12517: 12515: 12512: 12510: 12507: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12497: 12495: 12492: 12490: 12487: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12467: 12465: 12462: 12460: 12457: 12455: 12452: 12450: 12447: 12445: 12442: 12440: 12437: 12436: 12434: 12430:Multi-lateral 12428: 12422: 12419: 12417: 12414: 12412: 12409: 12407: 12404: 12402: 12399: 12397: 12394: 12392: 12389: 12388: 12386: 12382: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12358: 12356: 12353: 12351: 12348: 12346: 12343: 12342: 12340: 12336:International 12334: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12320: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12309: 12307: 12303: 12299: 12295: 12294:organisations 12292: 12284: 12279: 12277: 12272: 12270: 12265: 12264: 12261: 12245: 12242: 12240: 12237: 12235: 12232: 12230: 12227: 12225: 12222: 12220: 12217: 12215: 12212: 12211: 12208: 12204: 12203: 12197: 12193: 12181: 12178: 12176: 12173: 12171: 12168: 12167: 12165: 12163: 12160: 12156: 12153: 12151: 12148: 12146: 12143: 12141: 12138: 12136: 12133: 12131: 12128: 12127: 12125: 12121: 12118: 12117: 12116: 12113: 12112: 12109: 12105: 12100: 12096: 12086: 12083: 12081: 12078: 12076: 12073: 12071: 12068: 12066: 12063: 12061: 12058: 12056: 12053: 12051: 12048: 12046: 12043: 12041: 12038: 12036: 12033: 12031: 12028: 12026: 12023: 12022: 12019: 12015: 12014: 12008: 12004: 11993: 11990: 11988: 11985: 11982: 11979: 11977: 11974: 11972: 11969: 11967: 11964: 11961: 11958: 11955: 11952: 11949: 11946: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11934: 11931: 11928: 11925: 11923: 11920: 11918: 11915: 11914: 11911: 11907: 11902: 11898: 11894: 11887: 11882: 11880: 11875: 11873: 11868: 11867: 11864: 11852: 11849: 11847: 11844: 11842: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11829: 11827: 11824: 11823: 11821: 11817: 11811: 11808: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11764: 11761: 11759: 11756: 11754: 11751: 11749: 11746: 11744: 11741: 11739: 11736: 11734: 11733:in Uzbekistan 11731: 11729: 11726: 11724: 11721: 11719: 11716: 11714: 11711: 11709: 11706: 11704: 11701: 11699: 11696: 11694: 11691: 11689: 11686: 11684: 11681: 11679: 11676: 11674: 11671: 11669: 11666: 11664: 11661: 11659: 11656: 11654: 11651: 11649: 11646: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11623:in the Russia 11621: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11611: 11609: 11606: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11594: 11591: 11589: 11586: 11584: 11581: 11579: 11576: 11574: 11571: 11569: 11566: 11564: 11561: 11559: 11556: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11546: 11544: 11541: 11539: 11536: 11534: 11531: 11529: 11526: 11524: 11521: 11519: 11516: 11514: 11511: 11509: 11506: 11504: 11503:in Kazakhstan 11501: 11499: 11496: 11494: 11491: 11489: 11486: 11484: 11481: 11479: 11476: 11474: 11471: 11469: 11466: 11464: 11461: 11459: 11456: 11454: 11451: 11449: 11446: 11444: 11441: 11439: 11436: 11434: 11431: 11429: 11426: 11424: 11421: 11419: 11416: 11414: 11411: 11409: 11406: 11404: 11401: 11399: 11396: 11394: 11391: 11389: 11386: 11384: 11381: 11379: 11376: 11374: 11371: 11369: 11366: 11364: 11361: 11359: 11356: 11354: 11351: 11349: 11346: 11344: 11341: 11339: 11336: 11334: 11333:in Bangladesh 11331: 11329: 11326: 11324: 11321: 11319: 11318:in Azerbaijan 11316: 11314: 11311: 11309: 11306: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11289: 11286: 11284: 11281: 11279: 11276: 11274: 11271: 11269: 11266: 11264: 11261: 11259: 11256: 11254: 11251: 11250: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11210: 11208: 11204: 11194: 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11184:South America 11182: 11180: 11178: 11177:North America 11175: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11166: 11163: 11161: 11158: 11156: 11153: 11152: 11149: 11146: 11142: 11136: 11133: 11131: 11128: 11127: 11125: 11123:Organizations 11121: 11111: 11108: 11107: 11105: 11101: 11095: 11092: 11090: 11087: 11085: 11082: 11080: 11077: 11076: 11074: 11070: 11064: 11061: 11059: 11056: 11054: 11051: 11049: 11046: 11045: 11042: 11039: 11031: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11006: 11003: 10999: 10992: 10987: 10985: 10980: 10978: 10973: 10972: 10969: 10957: 10954: 10952: 10949: 10947: 10944: 10942: 10939: 10937: 10934: 10932: 10929: 10927: 10924: 10922: 10919: 10917: 10914: 10912: 10909: 10907: 10904: 10902: 10901:PROSUR/PROSUL 10899: 10897: 10894: 10892: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10882: 10879: 10877: 10874: 10872: 10869: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10796:Craiova Group 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10711:ABCANZ Armies 10709: 10708: 10706: 10700: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10653: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10640: 10637: 10636: 10635: 10632: 10630: 10627: 10626: 10624: 10622: 10618: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10600: 10597: 10595: 10592: 10590: 10587: 10585: 10582: 10578: 10575: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10559: 10558: 10555: 10553: 10550: 10548: 10545: 10543: 10540: 10539: 10538: 10535: 10529: 10526: 10525: 10524: 10521: 10517: 10516:Protestantism 10514: 10510: 10507: 10506: 10505: 10502: 10498: 10495: 10494: 10493: 10490: 10486: 10482: 10479: 10478: 10477: 10474: 10473: 10472: 10469: 10468: 10467: 10464: 10463: 10461: 10459: 10455: 10447: 10444: 10443: 10442: 10439: 10437: 10436:Sovereigntism 10434: 10432: 10429: 10425: 10424: 10420: 10419: 10418: 10415: 10411: 10408: 10407: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10381: 10378: 10376: 10373: 10369: 10366: 10364: 10361: 10360: 10359: 10356: 10352: 10349: 10348: 10347: 10344: 10342: 10339: 10337: 10334: 10332: 10331:Scholasticism 10329: 10327: 10324: 10322: 10319: 10317: 10314: 10312: 10309: 10307: 10304: 10302: 10299: 10298: 10296: 10294: 10290: 10282: 10279: 10277: 10274: 10272: 10269: 10267: 10264: 10263: 10262: 10259: 10255: 10252: 10251: 10250: 10247: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10234: 10233: 10230: 10226: 10223: 10222: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10209: 10206: 10204: 10201: 10199: 10196: 10195: 10194: 10191: 10187: 10184: 10183: 10182: 10179: 10175: 10172: 10171: 10170: 10167: 10163: 10160: 10158: 10155: 10154: 10153: 10150: 10148: 10145: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10131: 10128: 10127: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10114: 10111: 10110: 10109: 10106: 10102: 10099: 10098: 10097: 10094: 10090: 10087: 10086: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10073: 10070: 10069: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10042: 10041: 10038: 10037: 10035: 10033: 10029: 10021: 10020:War on terror 10018: 10016: 10013: 10012: 10011: 10008: 10004: 10001: 9999: 9996: 9994: 9991: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9934: 9931: 9929: 9926: 9924: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9915: 9914: 9913:Modern period 9911: 9909: 9906: 9902: 9899: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9888: 9887: 9884: 9880: 9877: 9876: 9875: 9872: 9870: 9867: 9866: 9864: 9862: 9858: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9819: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9808: 9805: 9803: 9800: 9799: 9798: 9795: 9793: 9790: 9788: 9785: 9784: 9782: 9778: 9774: 9770: 9769:Western world 9763: 9758: 9756: 9751: 9749: 9744: 9743: 9740: 9728: 9725: 9724: 9722: 9718: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9698: 9696: 9692: 9686: 9683: 9681: 9678: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9662: 9660: 9656: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9616: 9614: 9610: 9606: 9603: 9596: 9591: 9589: 9584: 9582: 9577: 9576: 9573: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9532: 9530: 9526: 9520: 9517: 9515: 9512: 9510: 9507: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9497: 9495: 9492: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9475: 9472: 9471: 9469: 9462: 9457: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9441: 9440:Slave trading 9438: 9436: 9433: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9420: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9388: 9382: 9379: 9377: 9374: 9372: 9369: 9367: 9364: 9362: 9359: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9333: 9331: 9329: 9325: 9321: 9314: 9309: 9307: 9302: 9300: 9295: 9294: 9291: 9285: 9282: 9280: 9277: 9275: 9271: 9268: 9267: 9262: 9261: 9260: 9254: 9250: 9230: 9226: 9222: 9221: 9211: 9207: 9203: 9199: 9195: 9191: 9187: 9182: 9180: 9176: 9172: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9159: 9155: 9154:Sunga, Lyal S 9152: 9149: 9145: 9143: 9139: 9135: 9131: 9127: 9125: 9121: 9118: 9114: 9110: 9108: 9104: 9100: 9096: 9095:Hurley, Susan 9092: 9089: 9085: 9081: 9077: 9074: 9070: 9066: 9061: 9058: 9054: 9051: 9047: 9043: 9039: 9033: 9029: 9024: 9012: 9008: 9002: 8998: 8997: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8982: 8980: 8976: 8972: 8968: 8965: 8962: 8958: 8955: 8951: 8947: 8943: 8940: 8936: 8934: 8930: 8926: 8922: 8918: 8914: 8909: 8906: 8902: 8898: 8892: 8888: 8883: 8880: 8876: 8873: 8869: 8866: 8862: 8858: 8854: 8852: 8848: 8844: 8841:(ed) (2005). 8840: 8837: 8833: 8827: 8823: 8818: 8815: 8807: 8804: 8801: 8798: 8794: 8790: 8787: 8783: 8779: 8775: 8771: 8767: 8763: 8758: 8756: 8752: 8748: 8744: 8741: 8735: 8732:. Routledge. 8731: 8726: 8723: 8719: 8718:Köchler, Hans 8716: 8713: 8712: 8707: 8706:Köchler, Hans 8704: 8700: 8696: 8692: 8688: 8684: 8680: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8657: 8653: 8649: 8645: 8643: 8639: 8635: 8631: 8625: 8621: 8620: 8614: 8612: 8608: 8604: 8600: 8594: 8590: 8586: 8582: 8580: 8576: 8572: 8568: 8566: 8562: 8558: 8554: 8548: 8544: 8540: 8536: 8532: 8526: 8522: 8521: 8515: 8513: 8509: 8505: 8502: 8498: 8496: 8492: 8488: 8484: 8482: 8478: 8474: 8470: 8464: 8460: 8455: 8453: 8449: 8445: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8435: 8430: 8427: 8423: 8420: 8416: 8412: 8410: 8406: 8402: 8398: 8394: 8388: 8384: 8379: 8376: 8372: 8368: 8364: 8360: 8354: 8350: 8345: 8341: 8335: 8331: 8326: 8322: 8316: 8312: 8307: 8303: 8299: 8295: 8291: 8287: 8283: 8279: 8275: 8273: 8269: 8265: 8261: 8260: 8255: 8254: 8233: 8229: 8225: 8218: 8202: 8198: 8194: 8187: 8171: 8167: 8161: 8159: 8142: 8138: 8134: 8128: 8109: 8102: 8096: 8080: 8076: 8070: 8054: 8050: 8044: 8028: 8024: 8018: 8002: 7998: 7994: 7990: 7986: 7982: 7978: 7974: 7967: 7961:, p. 70. 7960: 7955: 7949:, p. 68. 7948: 7943: 7936: 7931: 7924: 7923:Tunick (2006) 7919: 7911: 7904: 7898:, p. 25. 7897: 7892: 7885: 7880: 7874:, p. 42. 7873: 7868: 7861: 7860:Alston (2005) 7856: 7854: 7846: 7841: 7833: 7829: 7822: 7807: 7803: 7799: 7793: 7789: 7785: 7781: 7780: 7772: 7765: 7759: 7752: 7747: 7740: 7735: 7729:, p. 25. 7728: 7723: 7716: 7715:Finnis (1980) 7711: 7695: 7691: 7687: 7680: 7664: 7660: 7653: 7646: 7641: 7625: 7621: 7620:"Natural Law" 7614: 7608: 7602: 7595: 7590: 7583: 7578: 7562: 7558: 7552: 7536: 7532: 7526: 7524: 7508:on 1 May 2011 7504: 7497: 7490: 7474: 7470: 7464: 7448: 7444: 7438: 7422: 7418: 7412: 7396: 7392: 7388: 7382: 7363: 7359: 7352: 7346: 7330: 7326: 7322: 7316: 7309: 7304: 7288: 7284: 7278: 7276: 7259: 7255: 7251: 7245: 7238: 7222: 7218: 7217: 7209: 7202: 7186: 7182: 7176: 7160: 7156: 7150: 7134: 7130: 7124: 7108: 7104: 7098: 7082: 7078: 7072: 7056: 7052: 7046: 7027: 7020: 7014: 6995: 6988: 6982: 6966: 6962: 6956: 6940: 6936: 6930: 6928: 6911: 6907: 6901: 6885: 6881: 6875: 6868: 6864: 6858: 6842: 6838: 6832: 6825: 6799: 6792: 6786: 6770: 6766: 6760: 6744: 6740: 6734: 6727: 6726: 6722: 6719: 6711: 6695: 6691: 6687: 6681: 6673: 6667: 6663: 6656: 6649: 6644: 6642: 6625: 6621: 6617: 6611: 6604: 6599: 6593:, p. 95. 6592: 6587: 6571: 6567: 6561: 6555:, p. 92. 6554: 6549: 6533: 6529: 6524: 6517: 6501: 6497: 6496:The Economist 6492: 6485: 6469: 6465: 6460: 6452: 6445: 6429: 6422: 6416: 6400: 6396: 6392: 6385: 6369: 6365: 6360: 6352: 6344: 6340: 6336: 6332: 6328: 6324: 6317: 6309: 6305: 6301: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6283: 6279: 6278: 6273: 6266: 6247: 6240: 6233: 6225: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6209: 6205: 6201: 6197: 6190: 6175: 6171: 6164: 6148: 6144: 6138: 6122: 6118: 6114: 6108: 6102:, p. 37. 6101: 6096: 6089: 6084: 6077: 6064: 6060: 6059: 6054: 6047: 6041:, p. 35. 6040: 6035: 6033: 6025: 6019: 6012: 6008: 6003: 5997:, p. 34. 5996: 5991: 5989: 5987: 5979: 5974: 5958: 5954: 5950: 5946: 5939: 5937: 5935: 5933: 5923: 5916: 5912: 5909: 5904: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5876: 5872: 5868: 5864: 5857: 5838: 5831: 5829: 5821: 5814: 5809: 5802: 5789: 5785: 5779: 5771: 5765: 5761: 5754: 5746: 5740: 5732: 5728: 5727: 5719: 5703: 5699: 5693: 5677: 5673: 5667: 5651: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5624: 5616: 5610: 5606: 5605: 5597: 5590: 5585: 5583: 5581: 5573: 5568: 5566: 5564: 5555: 5549: 5545: 5544: 5536: 5517: 5513: 5507: 5500: 5499: 5492: 5485: 5481: 5478: 5472: 5465: 5460: 5453: 5449: 5446: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5428: 5420: 5416: 5413: 5407: 5405: 5397: 5392: 5385: 5381: 5378: 5372: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5362: 5354: 5353:Nickel (2010) 5349: 5342: 5338: 5335: 5329: 5327: 5325: 5323: 5321: 5316: 5302: 5296: 5287: 5283: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5266:Righteousness 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5201:Animal rights 5199: 5198: 5191: 5189: 5183: 5173: 5171: 5170: 5160: 5153: 5149: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5129: 5124: 5115: 5113: 5109: 5097: 5092: 5090: 5089:right to food 5086: 5082: 5078: 5073: 5069: 5059: 5057: 5054:, argue that 5053: 5049: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5007: 4990: 4986: 4984: 4979: 4975: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4956: 4952: 4951:Anwar Ibrahim 4946: 4942: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4913: 4910: 4900: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4873: 4866: 4860: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4842:, Paul Gready 4841: 4835: 4828:Philip Alston 4824: 4817: 4811:Philip Alston 4807: 4803: 4801: 4800:Philip Alston 4797: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4783: 4777: 4775: 4765: 4759: 4754: 4744: 4734: 4732: 4727: 4726:Zhao Tingyang 4723: 4719: 4715: 4707: 4700: 4695: 4692: 4682: 4680: 4676: 4671: 4670:Frank van Dun 4666: 4664: 4663: 4658: 4654: 4653:non-esse Deum 4650: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4634: 4632: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4618:Thomas Hobbes 4615: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4602:Thomas Hobbes 4599: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4578: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4527: 4523: 4513: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4486: 4481: 4479: 4474: 4472: 4467: 4466: 4464: 4463: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4344: 4343: 4342: 4338: 4337: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4309: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4266: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4248: 4245: 4244: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4164: 4163: 4162: 4158: 4157: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4138: 4137: 4136: 4133: 4130: 4129: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4105: 4104: 4103: 4099: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4082: 4074: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4059: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4019: 4013: 4006: 4001: 3992: 3990: 3985: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3921: 3911: 3905: 3901: 3899: 3895: 3893: 3889: 3888: 3887: 3885: 3881: 3873: 3870: 3867: 3864: 3861: 3858: 3857: 3856: 3854: 3853:globalization 3850: 3846: 3836: 3833: 3830: 3826: 3821: 3815: 3811: 3808: 3805: 3804: 3803: 3801: 3796: 3792: 3791:African Union 3786: 3779: 3778:African Union 3774: 3765: 3762: 3758: 3752: 3748: 3738: 3736: 3732: 3724: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3691: 3690: 3688: 3679: 3670: 3663: 3659: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3641: 3637: 3634: 3631:monitors the 3630: 3626: 3623: 3619: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3597:monitors the 3596: 3592: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3580: 3579: 3577: 3572: 3566: 3556: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3535: 3522: 3515: 3507: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3488: 3483: 3472: 3462: 3454: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3443:Freedom House 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3422: 3418: 3408: 3406: 3402: 3401:Bolsa familia 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3377: 3376:force-feeding 3373: 3367: 3364: 3359: 3349: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3326: 3322: 3317: 3313: 3298: 3296: 3292: 3279: 3276: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3264: 3261: 3257: 3254: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3224: 3221: 3220: 3219: 3217: 3213: 3208: 3206: 3202: 3199:In 1966, the 3192: 3190: 3189:customary law 3185: 3176: 3175: 3174: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3155: 3151: 3141: 3135: 3131: 3129: 3124: 3120: 3115: 3111: 3102: 3096: 3094: 3085: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3052:"It is not a 3050: 3045: 3027: 3021: 3017: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2993: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2974: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2939:labour unions 2935: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2924: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2906: 2905:The Liberator 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2877: 2873: 2860: 2854: 2850: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2813: 2808: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2789: 2783: 2781: 2777: 2771: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2746:The medieval 2744: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2721:Enlightenment 2718: 2714: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2695:the Holocaust 2692: 2688: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2662: 2653: 2649: 2646:This section 2644: 2641: 2637: 2636: 2632: 2622: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2599:Enlightenment 2596: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2579:the Holocaust 2576: 2572: 2567: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2473: 2468: 2466: 2461: 2459: 2454: 2453: 2451: 2450: 2440: 2437: 2433: 2430: 2429: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2417:Social stigma 2415: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2397: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2364: 2361: 2360: 2359: 2356: 2354: 2351: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2287: 2284: 2283: 2282: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2227: 2226: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2191: 2182: 2181: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2101: 2098: 2097: 2096: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2062: 2053: 2052: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2026:State atheism 2024: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2014: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1991: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1962:Jim Crow laws 1960: 1959: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1947:One-drop rule 1945: 1943: 1941: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1874: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1862:Blood quantum 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1849: 1840: 1839: 1829: 1826: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1803:Victimisation 1801: 1799: 1798:Trans bashing 1796: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1768:Religious war 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1748:Racialization 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1698: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1630: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1619:Glass ceiling 1617: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1562:Ethnic hatred 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1497:Counter-jihad 1495: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1461: 1458: 1457: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1443: 1442: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1290: 1287: 1286: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1263: 1262:United States 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1249: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1143: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1126: 1125:United States 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1071: 1065: 1064: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1038:Protestantism 1036: 1034: 1031: 1027: 1024: 1023: 1022: 1019: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 993: 990: 989: 988: 985: 984: 983: 980: 976: 973: 971: 968: 967: 966: 963: 961: 958: 954: 951: 949: 948:LDS or Mormon 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 930: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 905: 899: 894: 893: 883: 880: 878: 875: 871: 868: 866: 865:Transmisogyny 863: 861: 858: 857: 856: 853: 849: 846: 844: 841: 840: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 768:Gerontophobia 766: 764: 761: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 746: 744: 741: 739: 736: 734: 731: 729: 726: 724: 721: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 699: 698:Anti-intersex 696: 694: 691: 689: 686: 684: 681: 679: 676: 674: 673:Anti-albinism 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 655: 646: 645: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 607: 603: 600: 598: 595: 594: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 534: 525: 524: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 498:Institutional 496: 495: 486: 485: 481: 477: 476: 473: 470: 469: 465: 461: 460: 450: 445: 443: 438: 436: 431: 430: 428: 427: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 407: 404: 402: 399: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 377: 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 337: 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 308: 307: 306: 302: 301: 296: 293: 291: 288: 286: 283: 281: 278: 276: 273: 271: 268: 266: 263: 261: 258: 256: 253: 251: 248: 246: 243: 239: 236: 234: 231: 230: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 212: 209: 208: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 192: 189: 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 172: 169: 167: 164: 162: 159: 157: 154: 152: 149: 147: 144: 142: 139: 137: 134: 132: 129: 128: 127: 126: 122: 121: 116: 113: 111: 108: 106: 103: 102: 101: 100: 97: 94: 93: 88: 85: 83: 80: 78: 75: 73: 70: 69: 68: 67: 63: 62: 58: 54: 53: 50: 47: 46: 40: 36: 35: 30: 26: 22: 17289:Universalism 17239:Human rights 16956:Gender-blind 16843:Human rights 16842: 16671:Racial quota 16658: 16638:Jewish quota 16618:Gerontocracy 16613:Gender roles 16591:Disabilities 16576:Blood purity 16548:Wife selling 16538:White flight 16518:Slut-shaming 16498:Scapegoating 16416:Murder music 16079:Palestinians 16022:Anti-Zionism 15890:South Africa 15875:Black people 15853:South Africa 15669:Christianity 15659:Baháʼí Faith 15582:Sectarianism 15522:Heterosexism 15487:Ephebiphobia 15457:Anti-Masonry 15324:Hair texture 15133:Donor intent 15057:CharityWatch 14958:Service club 14933:Crowdfunding 14895:Volunteering 14890:Philanthropy 14563:(elections: 14516:Organisation 14459: 14337:Rome Statute 14261:Protocol III 14156: 14118: 14110: 14056: 13902:Peacekeeping 13877:Interpreters 13797: 13498:Peacekeeping 13416:organization 13317:Full members 13278:Partnerships 13164:Headquarters 12886:peacekeeping 12338:institutions 12298:institutions 12291:human rights 12290: 12200: 12104:Regional law 12103: 12011: 11905: 11738:in Venezuela 11653:in Sri Lanka 11533:in Lithuania 11458:in Indonesia 11438:in Hong Kong 11433:in Guatemala 11303:in Australia 11293:in Argentina 11144:By continent 11072:Distinctions 11053:Positive law 11008: 10998:Human rights 10997: 10946:Western Bloc 10746:AUSCANNZUKUS 10702:Contemporary 10651:Human rights 10650: 10497:Latin Church 10471:Christianity 10421: 10380:Conservatism 10225:contemporary 10062:Architecture 9998:World War II 9958:Emancipation 9953:Abolitionism 9841:Romanization 9836:Roman legacy 9817:Roman Empire 9727:Human rights 9726: 9685:Grandparents 9639:Youth rights 9619:Fetal rights 9381:Rome Statute 9259:Human rights 9257: 9256: 9255:profile for 9252: 9224: 9193: 9189: 9170: 9147: 9133: 9112: 9098: 9079: 9076:Sen, Amartya 9071:(1): 72–100. 9068: 9064: 9059:. MacMillan. 9056: 9045: 9027: 9015:. Retrieved 9011:the original 8995: 8987: 8984: 8970: 8963: 8945: 8938: 8924: 8916: 8904: 8886: 8878: 8871: 8864: 8860: 8842: 8821: 8813: 8802: 8799: 8789:Maan, Bashir 8781: 8769: 8765: 8746: 8729: 8721: 8710: 8682: 8678: 8651: 8637: 8618: 8606: 8588: 8570: 8560: 8542: 8519: 8503: 8500: 8486: 8476: 8458: 8443: 8437: 8433: 8414: 8400: 8382: 8366: 8348: 8329: 8310: 8285: 8281: 8258: 8236:. Retrieved 8227: 8217: 8205:. Retrieved 8196: 8186: 8174:. Retrieved 8147:23 September 8145:. Retrieved 8141:the original 8136: 8127: 8115:. Retrieved 8095: 8083:. Retrieved 8069: 8057:. Retrieved 8043: 8031:. Retrieved 8017: 8005:. Retrieved 8001:the original 7983:(4): 86–96. 7980: 7976: 7966: 7954: 7942: 7930: 7918: 7909: 7903: 7891: 7879: 7867: 7845:Light (2002) 7840: 7832:the original 7821: 7809:. Retrieved 7778: 7771: 7763: 7758: 7746: 7734: 7722: 7710: 7698:. Retrieved 7689: 7679: 7667:. Retrieved 7652: 7645:Kohen (2007) 7640: 7628:. 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Retrieved 5497: 5491: 5471: 5459: 5412:human rights 5398:, p. 3. 5391: 5348: 5334:Human Rights 5295: 5286: 5231:Labor rights 5185: 5168: 5164: 5159:The Resource 5158: 5151: 5146: 5107: 5105: 5101:Jean Ziegler 5094: 5081:Jean Ziegler 5077:shareholders 5067: 5065: 5031: 5013: 4988: 4976: 4961: 4954: 4944: 4938:Asian values 4937: 4926:Lee Kuan Yew 4914: 4905: 4871: 4864: 4857: 4853: 4846: 4833: 4819: 4815: 4805: 4793: 4787: 4778: 4773: 4770: 4763: 4756: 4751: 4711: 4705: 4697: 4688: 4667: 4660: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4637:Hugo Grotius 4635: 4606:Hugo Grotius 4579: 4562:ius naturale 4553: 4529: 4494: 4437:Self defense 4427:Reproductive 4221: 4132:Human rights 4131: 4060: 4021: 3986: 3935: 3908: 3877: 3842: 3834: 3822: 3818: 3788: 3776:Flag of the 3754: 3734: 3728: 3723:Rome Statute 3699:jurisdiction 3687:jurisdiction 3684: 3667: 3571:treaty-based 3570: 3568: 3548: 3537: 3509: 3496:jurisdiction 3493: 3460: 3424: 3368: 3361: 3319: 3316:Peacekeeping 3289:In 2021 the 3288: 3215: 3209: 3198: 3181: 3170: 3167:Saudi Arabia 3146: 3139: 3133: 3119:John Humprey 3113: 3107: 3100: 3087: 3078:World War II 3071: 3025: 3019: 2999: 2975: 2943:child labour 2936: 2921: 2913: 2910:human rights 2909: 2903: 2896:universality 2884:Thomas Paine 2881: 2858: 2852: 2847:civil rights 2809: 2786: 2784: 2775: 2772: 2764:St Augustine 2745: 2710: 2707: 2684: 2656: 2652:adding to it 2647: 2568: 2537: 2531: 2483:Human rights 2482: 2481: 2251:Gender-blind 2131:Human rights 1952:Racial quota 1939: 1919:Jewish quota 1899:Gerontocracy 1894:Gender roles 1872:Disabilities 1857:Blood purity 1823:Wife selling 1813:White flight 1793:Slut-shaming 1773:Scapegoating 1691:Murder music 1346:Palestinians 1289:Anti-Zionism 1157:South Africa 1142:Black people 1120:South Africa 928:Christianity 918:Baháʼí Faith 833:Sectarianism 773:Heterosexism 738:Ephebiphobia 708:Anti-Masonry 567:Hair texture 401:Self defense 391:Reproductive 185: 96:Human rights 95: 32: 25: 17223:Switzerland 16858:Nonviolence 16853:LGBT rights 16818:Empowerment 16786:Anti-racism 16708:Segregation 16653:No kid zone 16453:Persecution 16366:Hate speech 16317:Gay bashing 16292:Ethnic joke 16247:Dog whistle 16192:Blood libel 15870:Azerbaijani 15774:Neopaganism 15767:Persecution 15728:Persecution 15711:Persecution 15674:Catholicism 15654:Exclusivism 15604:Transphobia 15587:Supremacism 15542:Lesbophobia 15462:Aporophobia 15427:Anti-autism 15278:Taste-based 15273:Statistical 14880:Fundraising 14843:Main topics 14737:Individuals 14695:Philippines 14655:Afghanistan 14323:Legal texts 14256:Protocol II 14213:Conventions 14131:UNICEF club 13825:Honour Flag 13660:North Korea 13595:Resolutions 13542:Enlargement 12714:Secretariat 11785:Persecution 11753:in Zimbabwe 11678:in Thailand 11588:in Pakistan 11543:in Malaysia 11408:in Ethiopia 11368:in Cambodia 11348:in Botswana 11160:Middle East 11058:Sovereignty 11048:Natural law 10886:Open Balkan 10704:integration 10634:Rule of law 10629:Natural law 10606:Agnosticism 10584:Hellenistic 10562:Anglo-Saxon 10492:Catholicism 10431:Atlanticism 10336:Rationalism 10142:Immigration 10125:Esotericism 9983:World War I 9948:Romanticism 9928:Reformation 9908:Renaissance 9886:Middle Ages 9851:Christendom 9780:Foundations 8800:The Coracle 8176:31 December 7935:Jahn (2005) 7630:28 December 7607:Natural Law 7401:14 December 6775:6 September 6749:31 December 6690:icj-cij.org 6648:Shaw (2008) 6603:Shaw (2008) 6090:, p. . 5846:28 December 5794:27 November 5589:Moyn (2010) 5525:23 February 5464:Shaw (2008) 5026:. In 1993, 4840:Olivia Ball 4790:Karel Vasak 4691:John Finnis 4679:natural law 4522:Natural law 4498:natural law 4412:Development 4352:Association 4247:Transgender 4052:rule of law 3950:Philippines 3882:, based in 3610:convention. 3565:Treaty body 3549:rapporteurs 3405:child labor 3159:Soviet bloc 3123:René Cassin 3058:Magna Carta 3010:World War I 2982:Lieber Code 2980:, the 1864 2812:philosopher 2799:, the 1789 2788:Magna Carta 2748:natural law 2717:natural law 2595:natural law 2560:free speech 2552:enslavement 2527:due process 2523:rule of law 2519:egalitarian 2145:Nonviolence 2140:LGBT rights 2107:Empowerment 2075:Anti-racism 1989:Segregation 1934:No kid zone 1728:Persecution 1641:Hate speech 1592:Gay bashing 1567:Ethnic joke 1522:Dog whistle 1467:Blood libel 1137:Azerbaijani 1033:Neopaganism 1026:Persecution 987:Persecution 970:Persecution 933:Catholicism 913:Exclusivism 855:Transphobia 838:Supremacism 793:Lesbophobia 713:Aporophobia 678:Anti-autism 513:Taste-based 508:Statistical 376:Development 316:Association 211:Transgender 34:Magna Carta 17233:Categories 17132:Stereotype 17127:Speciesism 17008:Oppression 17003:Oikophobia 16899:Allophilia 16883:Toleration 16740:Sodomy law 16633:Internment 16553:Witch-hunt 16431:Blackhawks 16361:Hate group 16349:Hate crime 16322:Gendercide 16312:Freak show 16302:Excellence 16262:Employment 16232:Defamation 16159:Vietnamese 16154:Venezuelan 16039:Lithuanian 15701:Falun Gong 15631:Xenophobia 15626:Vegaphobia 15609:Non-binary 15567:Pedophobia 15532:Homophobia 15354:Skin color 15314:Disability 15287:Attributes 15268:Structural 15165:wealthiest 14921:Foundation 14906:charitable 14865:Compassion 14720:Complaints 14626:Prosecutor 14556:Presidency 14502:War crimes 14341:amendments 14251:Protocol I 14119:Ex Tempore 14111:UN Special 14032:UN Mandate 13491:Activities 13097:UN Tourism 12920:UN-HABITAT 12898:OzonAction 12723:selections 11810:War crimes 11743:in Vietnam 11728:in Ukraine 11618:in Romania 11578:in Nigeria 11563:in Myanmar 11558:in Morocco 11548:in Manipur 11523:in Lebanon 11498:in Kashmir 11473:in Ireland 11428:in Germany 11363:in Burundi 11343:in Bolivia 11338:in Belarus 11323:in Bahrain 11308:in Austria 11298:in Armenia 11283:in Algeria 10906:Rio Treaty 10417:Relativism 10375:Liberalism 10341:Empiricism 10293:Philosophy 10281:Secularism 10232:Philosophy 10169:Literature 9963:Capitalism 9701:Family law 9665:Children's 9445:Starvation 9179:0802848540 9162:0792314530 9142:019825427X 9132:. (1996). 9107:046505224X 9088:0876411510 9017:8 November 9006:9977925186 8954:0719049237 8933:0521794609 8896:9041120025 8831:0312253672 8755:0415326052 8661:0313211493 8598:0691088934 8579:0618701737 8552:0375506926 8495:3900704082 8468:0198761104 8452:0801487765 8392:0802826954 8375:812612119X 8320:0791436934 8272:1887204407 8268:0862103541 7035:28 January 6867:8790744721 6837:"HURIDOCS" 6277:The Lancet 5180:See also: 5169:jus cogens 5135:Derogation 5133:See also: 5046:and other 5024:jus cogens 5020:erga omnes 5004:See also: 4968:John Locke 4741:See also: 4714:biological 4699:manageable 4657:John Locke 4641:omnipotent 4620:founded a 4614:John Locke 4510:John Rawls 4502:David Hume 4402:Linguistic 4377:Fair trial 4259:Minorities 4227:Indigenous 4028:Strasbourg 4016:See also: 4005:Strasbourg 3793:(AU) is a 3745:See also: 3714:war crimes 3429:, such as 3415:See also: 3399:, such as 3356:See also: 3310:See also: 2815:John Locke 2793:common law 2760:St Ambrose 2725:John Locke 2603:John Locke 2562:, and the 2427:Stereotype 2422:Speciesism 2303:Oppression 2298:Oikophobia 2194:Allophilia 2170:Toleration 2021:Sodomy law 1914:Internment 1828:Witch-hunt 1706:Blackhawks 1636:Hate group 1624:Hate crime 1597:Gendercide 1587:Freak show 1577:Excellence 1537:Employment 1507:Defamation 1426:Vietnamese 1421:Venezuelan 1306:Lithuanian 960:Falun Gong 882:Xenophobia 877:Vegaphobia 860:Non-binary 818:Pedophobia 783:Homophobia 597:Skin color 557:Disability 528:Attributes 503:Structural 366:Linguistic 341:Fair trial 223:Minorities 191:Indigenous 17105:Christian 17033:Prejudice 16981:Masculism 16929:Diversity 16723:religious 16698:Redlining 16297:Ethnocide 16257:Education 16144:Ukrainian 16074:Pakistani 16064:Mongolian 15985:Australia 15967:Hungarian 15922:Colombian 15902:Bulgarian 15784:Rastafari 15733:Ahmadiyya 15641:Religious 15619:Trans men 15577:Pregnancy 15512:Gayphobia 15507:Fatphobia 15412:Acephobia 15407:Arophobia 15391:Viewpoint 14904:Types of 14749:Indictees 14744:Detainees 14710:Venezuela 14690:Palestine 14585:Nov. 2009 14580:Jan. 2009 14464:(Germany) 14456:(Ireland) 14244:Protocols 13991:UN reform 13793:Criticism 13691:Elections 13665:Palestine 13552:committee 12960:UN-Oceans 12908:UNEP-WCMC 12792:President 12780:President 12770:Elections 12746:President 12681:UN System 12126:European 11723:in Uganda 11718:in Turkey 11673:in Taiwan 11608:in Poland 11593:in Panama 11553:in Mexico 11538:in Malawi 11513:in Kuwait 11478:in Israel 11413:in France 11373:in Canada 11353:in Brazil 11288:in Angola 10851:Five Eyes 10846:EU–UK TCA 10688:Democracy 10577:Old Norse 10466:Abrahamic 10423:Peritrope 10405:Tolerance 10385:Socialism 10215:Mythology 10203:Classical 10152:Languages 10130:Astrology 9978:Modernism 9792:Old World 9450:War crime 9210:144092745 8772:(4): 4–6. 8699:146136371 8523:. Wiley. 8302:145803790 8238:11 August 8207:11 August 8117:3 January 8085:3 January 8059:3 January 8033:3 January 8007:6 January 7806:214310918 7700:1 January 7567:4 January 7541:4 January 7512:4 January 7479:4 January 7453:4 January 7427:4 January 7393:. 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658:Arophobia 634:Viewpoint 411:Sexuality 336:Education 260:Prisoners 151:Creditors 146:Consumers 39:sovereign 17274:Politics 17199:Politics 17162:Category 17144:The talk 17080:Snobbery 16998:Net bias 16828:Feminism 16755:Ugly law 16596:Catholic 16564:policies 16411:Mortgage 16406:Lynching 16337:examples 16332:Genocide 16252:Economic 16237:Democide 16197:Bullying 16109:Scottish 16104:Romanian 16069:Nigerian 16012:Japanese 15947:Georgian 15932:Filipino 15865:Assyrian 15838:Armenian 15828:American 15823:Albanian 15805:National 15789:Yazidism 15706:Hinduism 15664:Buddhism 15562:Nepotism 15557:Misogyny 15552:Misandry 15477:Clannism 15472:Biphobia 15417:Adultism 15334:Language 15182:Telethon 15067:GiveWell 15004:Tzedakah 14870:Donation 14855:Altruism 14647:Official 14444:(Canada) 14429:National 14136:Model UN 14121:magazine 14113:magazine 14042:UN Sacco 13530:drafting 13508:timeline 13503:missions 13406:archives 13022:UN Women 13010:UNU-CRIS 12861:UNCITRAL 12698:Preamble 11994:(UNDROP) 11962:(UNDRIP) 11748:in Yemen 11668:in Syria 11658:in Sudan 11638:in Sindh 11568:in Nepal 11528:in Libya 11508:in Kenya 11493:in Japan 11483:in Italy 11453:in India 11448:in Haiti 11443:in Egypt 11423:in Ghana 11418:in Gabon 11398:in Egypt 11388:in China 11378:in Chile 11243:Genocide 11014:Children 10911:Schengen 10841:Eurozone 10681:Property 10676:Religion 10567:Frankish 10557:Germanic 10537:Paganism 10458:Religion 10446:European 10358:Humanism 10261:Religion 10220:Painting 10186:Internet 10137:Folklore 10108:Clothing 10079:Calendar 10055:Cyrillic 10040:Alphabet 10003:Cold War 9694:See also 9680:Parents' 9670:Fathers' 9612:Elements 9418:Genocide 9169:(1997). 9120:Archived 9078:(1997). 8865:Vol. 105 8795:(1999). 8708:(1981). 8650:(1979). 8587:(2001). 8541:(2001). 8422:Archived 8232:Archived 8201:Archived 8170:Archived 8108:Archived 8079:Archived 8053:Archived 8027:Archived 7997:20050228 7811:10 March 7694:Archived 7663:Archived 7624:Archived 7561:Archived 7535:Archived 7473:Archived 7447:Archived 7421:Archived 7395:Archived 7371:21 April 7362:Archived 7360:. 2013. 7335:21 April 7329:Archived 7230:27 March 7221:Archived 7185:Archived 7159:Archived 7133:Archived 7107:Archived 7081:Archived 7077:"Africa" 6847:24 April 6841:Archived 6743:Archived 6721:Archived 6694:Archived 6624:Archived 6532:Archived 6500:Archived 6468:Archived 6428:Archived 6399:Archived 6368:Archived 6343:20049279 6308:52074513 6300:30139528 6246:Archived 6179:21 April 6153:21 April 6121:Archived 6063:Archived 5911:Archived 5788:Archived 5731:Archived 5702:Archived 5676:Archived 5650:Archived 5516:Archived 5480:Archived 5448:Archived 5415:Archived 5380:Archived 5337:Archived 5194:See also 5155:— 5099:— 4992:— 4948:— 4930:Malaysia 4862:— 4837:— 4826:— 4809:— 4802:argues: 4761:— 4718:altruism 4702:— 4532:Socrates 4417:Property 4407:Movement 4347:Assembly 4311:Students 4286:Peasants 4281:Patients 4232:Intersex 4197:Disabled 4177:Children 4056:freedoms 4042:and the 4034:and the 3974:Cambodia 3954:Thailand 3946:Malaysia 3884:San José 3849:Cold War 3839:Americas 3517:— 3502:and the 3421:Activism 3346:removing 3263:Archived 3184:Cold War 3137:— 3098:— 3068:in 1949. 3023:— 2856:— 2739:and the 2659:May 2022 2617:and the 2556:genocide 2439:The talk 2375:Snobbery 2293:Net bias 2117:Feminism 2036:Ugly law 1877:Catholic 1843:Policies 1686:Mortgage 1681:Lynching 1612:examples 1607:Genocide 1527:Economic 1512:Democide 1472:Bullying 1376:Scottish 1371:Romanian 1336:Nigerian 1279:Japanese 1214:Georgian 1199:Filipino 1132:Assyrian 1105:Armenian 1095:American 1090:Albanian 1070:national 1048:Yazidism 965:Hinduism 923:Buddhism 813:Nepotism 808:Misogyny 803:Misandry 728:Clannism 723:Biphobia 668:Adultism 577:Language 464:a series 462:Part of 381:Property 371:Movement 311:Assembly 275:Students 250:Peasants 245:Patients 196:Intersex 161:Disabled 141:Children 17279:Society 17244:Culture 17185:Portals 17172:Commons 16951:Figleaf 16376:Housing 16139:Turkish 16084:Pashtun 16054:Mexican 16034:Kurdish 16007:Italian 15957:Haitian 15942:Finnish 15917:Chinese 15912:Chechen 15907:Catalan 15897:Bengali 15818:African 15803:Ethnic/ 15762:Judaism 15748:Sunnism 15738:Shi'ism 15649:Atheism 15482:Elitism 15381:Species 15319:Genetic 15309:Dialect 15009:Sadaqah 14926:Private 14875:Empathy 14705:Ukraine 14670:Georgia 14339: ( 14085:Outline 13770:Related 13650:Lebanon 13421:members 13411:charter 13361:History 13307:Members 13206:Nairobi 12841:MINURSO 12775:Members 12758:Statute 12690:Charter 11956:(DEVAW) 11950:(DEDAW) 11819:Related 11805:Victims 11800:Torture 11795:Slavery 11603:in Peru 11468:in Iraq 11463:in Iran 11393:in Cuba 11189:Oceania 11103:Aspects 10756:Benelux 10661:Thought 10611:Atheism 10552:Finnish 10528:Culture 10523:Judaism 10485:Eastern 10481:Western 10476:Culture 10410:Paradox 10276:Decline 10237:Science 10113:History 10101:Studies 10084:Cuisine 10072:Periods 10032:Culture 9861:History 9827:Eastern 9822:Western 9773:culture 9720:Related 9328:Sources 9272:by the 9249:Scholia 9229:excerpt 8988:Vol. 27 8611:excerpt 8565:excerpt 8563:(2007) 8512:2939211 8481:excerpt 8479:(2021) 7087:20 July 6528:Haaretz 5895:1229039 5708:6 March 5682:6 March 5656:6 March 5087:on the 5028:Belgium 4918:secular 4731:justice 4397:Housing 4367:Digital 4326:Workers 4316:Victims 4274:Mothers 4269:Fathers 4264:Parents 4217:Fetuses 4212:Farmers 4172:Animals 4167:Accused 3970:Myanmar 3962:Vietnam 3332:in the 2625:History 2246:Figleaf 1651:Housing 1406:Turkish 1351:Pashtun 1321:Mexican 1301:Kurdish 1274:Italian 1224:Haitian 1209:Finnish 1184:Chinese 1179:Chechen 1174:Catalan 1164:Bengali 1085:African 1068:Ethnic/ 1021:Judaism 1007:Sunnism 997:Shi'ism 908:Atheism 733:Elitism 624:Species 562:Genetic 552:Dialect 361:Housing 331:Digital 290:Workers 280:Victims 238:Mothers 233:Fathers 228:Parents 181:Fetuses 176:Farmers 136:Animals 131:Accused 17137:threat 16991:autism 16728:sexual 16718:racial 16601:Jewish 16458:Pogrom 16436:Chiefs 16426:Braves 16149:Uyghur 16124:Somali 16119:Slavic 16099:Romani 16094:Quebec 16089:Polish 16029:Korean 15990:Canada 15977:Indian 15962:Hazara 15937:Fulani 15848:France 15813:Afghan 15743:Sufism 15467:Audism 15400:Social 15329:Height 15042:Candid 14700:Uganda 14561:Judges 14485:Crimes 13969:UN Day 13907:Canada 13783:CCISUA 13645:Israel 13630:Cyprus 13483:(1945) 13477:(1945) 13471:(1944) 13465:(1943) 13459:(1943) 13453:(1942) 13447:(1941) 13441:(1941) 13211:Vienna 13196:Geneva 13087:UNESCO 13005:UNU-OP 12980:UNRISD 12975:UNOSAT 12955:UNITAR 12950:UNIDIR 12945:UNICRI 12940:UNICEF 12856:UNCTAD 12846:UNAIDS 12538:Major 12432:bodies 11983:(VDPA) 11929:(UDHR) 11780:Murder 11172:Europe 11155:Africa 11009:Humans 10776:CANZUK 10666:Speech 10594:Slavic 10572:Gothic 10547:Celtic 10542:Baltic 10441:Values 10242:Values 9802:Greece 9605:rights 9602:Family 9435:Piracy 9251:has a 9208: 9177: 9160: 9140: 9117:online 9105: 9086: 9050:online 9034: 9003: 8977: 8952: 8931: 8893: 8849: 8828: 8803:Vol. 3 8753: 8736: 8697: 8658: 8642:online 8626: 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