952:" of these territories, Hungarian political parties and patriotic organisations were encouraged to be active in Bačka and Baranja, which resulted in discrimination against "less-desirable elements" of the population such as Serbs, Croats and Jews. Discrimination extended to education and communication, where Hungarian and German were the only languages permitted in almost all secondary schools, and books, newspapers and periodicals in the Serbo-Croat language were virtually banned. Well-educated Serbs and Croats were precluded from undertaking work commensurate with their education. Despite this, Serbs and Croats that had lived in the territories prior to 1918 retained their citizenship rights as Hungarians, and some lower-level non-Hungarian public employees were retained in their jobs. One former Serb senator and one former Croat parliamentary deputy sat in the Hungarian Parliament. In Prekmurje, the Hungarian authorities were more permissive, making no attempt to deport Slovenes in large numbers, and allowing the Slovene language to be used in public. Likewise, the Hungarians curried favour with the
53:
850:
937:), were formally incorporated into Hungary and were given full representation in the Hungarian Parliament, although representatives were to be nominated by the Parliament rather than elected. Although plans to deport 150,000 Serbs (including colonists from the interwar period, but also native inhabitants) to the German-occupied territory of Serbia were opposed by the German command in Belgrade, the Hungarian occupational regime managed to expel between 25,000 and 60,000 of them, mostly to Serbia. During the war, the Hungarian government resettled some of its pre-war population in Bačka and Baranja, primarily
572:
85:
1477:
914:, the government of the NDH consented to Hungarian annexation of the Međimurje area on 10 July, but according to Davor Kovačić and Marica Karakaš Obradov of the Croatian Institute of History, the Hungarian declaration was made without consulting with the NDH government, and was never recognised by it. The Croat population of the region were unhappy with the decision, and military rule remained in place until 16 August 1941, after which civil administration was introduced. On 12 July, the
1338:. According to Professor Paul Mojzes, some 2,000 Jews and a large number of Serbs were detained in these camps for periods from two weeks to two months, with Jews that had not been interned being employed as forced labourers. Several thousand people remained in camps until the end of the war. Some of the Jews that had migrated to Bačka and Baranja during the inter-war period were expelled to the NDH or the German-occupied territory of Serbia where they were killed. The
660:, for clearance to launch one of their armoured thrusts using Hungarian territory, Teleki was unable to dissuade the Regent. Concluding that Hungary had disgraced itself irrevocably by siding with the Germans against the Yugoslavs, Teleki shot and killed himself. Horthy informed Hitler that evening that Hungary would abide by the friendship treaty with Yugoslavia, though it would likely cease to apply should Croatia secede and Yugoslavia cease to exist.
898:" as meaning the "destruction of a nation or of an ethnic group", described the policies implemented by the Hungarian authorities in the occupied territories as "genocidal". Lemkin asserted that "genocidal" policies were those that were aimed at destroying the political, social, cultural, religious, and economic existence and language of those living in occupied territories. In the first two weeks of Hungarian rule, 10,000 Serbs were expelled to the
1358:, from which the Partisans drew their recruits, only made up one-third of the regional population. Some Partisan units raised in the occupied territories were sent to the NDH to reinforce Partisan formations operating there. Despite their initial resistance, the Chetnik movement was largely inactive during the occupation, maintaining some covert activity only. The Partisans and their regional committee had largely been destroyed by the end of 1941.
434:
882:, except for some hilly country in the northwest of the Međimurje region and in the north of the Prekmurje region. The total area of the Yugoslav territories occupied by Hungary was 11,475 square kilometres (4,431 sq mi), consisting of 8,558 km (3,304 sq mi) in Bačka, 1,213 km (468 sq mi) in Baranja, and 1,704 km (658 sq mi) in the Međimurje and Prekmurje regions.
841:. Many civilians were arrested and tortured. On 14 April 1941, around 500 Jews and Serbs were bayoneted to death, probably as a warning to others not to resist. During post-war questioning, Horthy insisted that he had not wished to invade Yugoslavia, but that he had been compelled to act by disorder and the massacre of Hungarians in Bačka, but these claims have been dismissed by Tomasevich.
819:. A later American assessment concluded that German forces had to take the brunt of the fighting, observing that Hungarian forces had "displayed great reluctance to attack until the enemy had been soundly beaten and thoroughly disorganized by the Germans." When a Yugoslav delegation signed an armistice with German and Italian representatives at
1026:. The officials in these territories were appointed rather than elected. The counties were further divided into districts, and the authorities reverted many districts, cities and towns to the names used prior to 1920, and in some cases to names which had no historical precedent. Some examples of the name changes in each county are shown below:
1526:. From 26 April 1944, the remaining Jews in Bačka and Baranja, mostly women, but including children and the elderly, were rounded up into local concentration camps then moved to larger camps in Hungary proper. Between 14,000 and 15,000 Jews from Bačka, Baranja and other parts of Hungary were collected at Baja and
1365:, during which they massacred 2,550 Serbs, 743 Jews and 47 other people in places such as Bečej, Srbobran and Novi Sad, under the pretext that they were searching for Partisans. Other sources place the number of Serbs and Jews massacred in Novi Sad as being much lower, at around 879. Raids were carried out in
475:(KSCS, renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929). It divided the previously Hungarian-ruled regions of Banat, Bačka and Baranja between Hungary, the KSCS, and Romania, and transferred the Međimurje region and about two thirds of the Prekmurje region from Hungary to the KSCS. Sizable numbers of Hungarians and
1578:
In
October 1944, the Banat and Bačka were captured by Soviet troops. Subotica was captured on 12 October. After a few weeks, they withdrew and ceded full control of the region to the Partisans, who established a military administration in the Banat, Bačka and Baranja on 17 October 1944. In the first
1288:
The Jews of the occupied territories were subjected to forced labour by the
Hungarian authorities, with about 4,000 Bačka and Baranja Jews being sent to hard labour camps within Hungary, 1,500 Bačka Jews being among the 10,000 Hungarian Jews sent to perform labour tasks for the Hungarian Army on the
1279:
laws in 1939, and these were applied to the occupied and annexed territories. Initially the laws were applied selectively due to the transfer of the territories from military to civilian administration. Some Jews that had settled in the occupied territories were sent to the German-occupied territory
1462:
that
Hungarian troops were needed on its territory instead of the Eastern Front. In mid-1944, Partisan activity increased in Bačka to such an extent that special regulations similar to the "Special Administrative Regulations" that applied to the operational zones of the Hungarian Army were extended
1441:
between 23 December 1943 and
January 1944, and those that were convicted were sentenced to between 10 and 15 years imprisonment for their part in the massacres. Feketehalmy-Czeydner, Grassy, Deák and Zöldi were not sentenced as they could not be located, and had fled to Germany. It is apparent from
1655:
In a third trial in early 1946, the
National Court of Hungary in Budapest found Szombathelyi, Feketehalmy-Czeydner, Grassy, Deák, and Zöldi guilty of involvement in the massacres in the occupied territories, and in carrying out the deportation of Jews to extermination camps. In accordance with the
1635:
After these territories returned to
Yugoslav control, the military and national courts in Bačka prosecuted collaborators who had killed about 10,000–20,000 civilians. The Security Service of Vojvodina captured the majority of these people. Meanwhile, some of those who were responsible for the 1942
1626:
has described in detail the crimes he claims the
Yugoslav communists committed against Hungarians. An estimated 5,000 Hungarians were killed following the return of the occupied territories to Yugoslav control. About 40,000 Hungarians left the Banat, Bačka and Baranja after the war. In late 1946,
1005:
Bačka and
Baranja had both been part of the Danube Banovina of Yugoslavia before the war. Međimurje had been part of the Banovina of Croatia, and Prekmurje had been part of the Drava Banovina. The Hungarian authorities referred to the occupied territories by the following names: Bácska for Bačka,
1538:
Such was the extent of the
Holocaust in the occupied territories that by the end of the war, nearly 85 per cent of the Jews that had been living in the Hungarian-occupied Yugoslav territories in April 1941 had been killed. This figure comprised about 13,500 Jews from Bačka and Baranja, and about
823:
on 17 April, the
Hungarians were represented by a liaison officer, but he did not sign the document because Hungary was "not at war with Yugoslavia." The armistice came into effect at noon the next day. News of the success of the Hungarian armed forces in Yugoslavia was welcomed in the Hungarian
704:
issued a joint declaration that Yugoslavia had ceased to exist, releasing Hungary from its obligations under the non-aggression pact and the Treaty of Trianon. According to the declaration Hungarian troops would act to "protect the Hungarians who live in the south parts from the anarchy" of the
351:
The occupation authorities immediately classified the population of Bačka and Baranja into those that had lived in those regions when they had last been under Hungarian rule in 1920 and the mostly Serb settlers who had arrived since the areas had been part of Yugoslavia. They then began herding
1309:
and Hungarian authorities killed significant numbers of Serbs. After small-scale armed resistance broke out in Hungarian-occupied Bačka and Baranja in the second half of 1941, the Hungarian military reacted with heavy repressive measures. In September 1941 alone the Hungarian occupation forces
861:
bounded by the former Hungarian–Yugoslav border to the north, the Danube to the south and west, and the Tisza to the east. The occupied territory of Baranja had also been part of the Danube Banovina, but was that area bounded by the former Hungarian-Yugoslav border to the north and west, the
52:
1006:
Baranya for Baranja, Muraköz for Međimurje, and Muravidék for Prekmurje. Following the occupation, the Hungarian authorities divided the occupied territories between the counties that corresponded with the administrative divisions that had existed when the area had formed part of the
1668:
living in Yugoslavia before the war, about half were evacuated, 50,000 died in Yugoslav concentration camps, 15,000 were killed by the Partisans and about 150,000 were deported to the Soviet Union as forced labourers. They were also stripped of their property. By 1948, only 55,337
1488:
on 15 March 1944, and ordered German troops to occupy Hungary. In the meantime, some of those that had escaped prosecution for the 1942 massacres had joined various German military and police organisations. Feketehalmy-Czeydner had become the highest-ranking foreign officer in the
1454:
and the Minister of Defence should also have been examined by the court. He further writes that the "genocide had been planned by the highest military and political circles in Hungary for a long time in advance". Klajn believes that the massacre had been intended to convince the
560:, the 1931 census showed that the population of Bačka and Baranja included 150,301 Serbs and 3,099 Croats. This corresponds to a Serb population of about 18 per cent. These figures vary considerably from the combined Serb and Croat population of 305,917 provided by Professor
1284:
in Belgrade and killed. Others were expelled to the NDH where they met the same fate, but it is unknown how many deported Jews died in this way. After the violence of the initial occupation, no further massacres of Jews occurred during the remainder of 1941.
926:. A census of the occupied Yugoslav territories was conducted by the Hungarian authorities in 1941, which counted a total population of 1,030,027. In this census, the ethnic proportions in these territories combined were 37 per cent Hungarian, 19 per cent
479:
remained in the areas incorporated into the KSCS. Between 1918 and 1924, 44,903 Hungarians (including 8,511 government employees) were deported to Hungary from the territories transferred to Yugoslavia, and approximately 10,000 Yugoslav military settlers
1656:
provisions of Article 14 of the Armistice Agreement, the Hungarian authorities then extradited them to Yugoslavia, where they underwent a fourth trial in Novi Sad in October 1946. They were all sentenced to death and executed the following month.
1442:
the trial proceedings that Zöldi was present during some of the trial. Professor Lajčo Klajn has stated that those most responsible for the massacre were not tried before this military court, and that they included Prime Minister Bárdossy and the
1534:
where most were killed. In September 1944, the workforce of the Bor mine was force-marched for several weeks back to extermination camps where the survivors were killed. One of the two groups of workers numbered 2,500, but only a few survived.
1613:
were interned, with around 46,000 dying in captivity due to poor conditions in the camps and the hard labour they were subjected to. Victims of the communist regime were of various ethnic backgrounds and included some members of the
3299:
Janjetović, Zoran (2008). "Die Vertreibungen auf dem Territorium des ehemaligen Jogoslawien" [The Expulsions from the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia]. In Bingen, Dieter; Borodziej, Włodzimierz; Troebst, Stefan (eds.).
1271:
In April 1941, about 23 per cent of Yugoslav Jews (about 16,680 people) lived in the territories occupied by Hungary. These included around 15,405 in Bačka and Baranja, about 425 in Međimurje, and approximately 850 in Prekmurje.
766:
was captured against determined Chetnik resistance, and Subotica was also captured. This, the first airborne operation in Hungarian history, was not without incident. The battalion's aircraft consisted of five Italian-made
1609:, NOO) taking control. Until early 1945, the Yugoslav communist administration was characterised by persecution of some elements of the local population, with mass executions, internments and abuses. Approximately 110,000
644:, Hungary concluded a friendship and non-aggression treaty with Yugoslavia. Although the concept had received support from both Germany and Italy, the actual signing of the treaty did not, as Germany's planned invasion of
791:
on the afternoon of 12 April, the command plane, code E-101, crashed with the loss of 20 or 23 lives, including 19 paratroopers. This was the heaviest single loss suffered by the Hungarians during the Yugoslav campaign.
564:, corresponding to 36.5 per cent of the population. The 1931 census figures for Međimurje and Prekmurje show a total population of 193,640, of which 101,467 (52.2 per cent) were Croats, 75,064 (38.7 per cent) were
1602:
425:. Bačka and Baranja were restored to Yugoslav control when the Germans were pushed out of the region by the Red Army in late 1944. Međimurje and Prekmurje remained occupied until the last weeks of the war.
632:. The support that Hungary received from Germany for these border revisions meant that the relationship between the two countries became even closer. On 20 November 1940, Hungary formally joined the Axis
540:
nationalities. Aligning data on religious affiliation with the linguistic data has been used by scholars to determine approximate numbers of Serbs and Croats in the 1931 census, by counting those of the
1579:
few weeks after Bačka returned to Yugoslav control, about 16,800 Hungarians were killed by Serbs in revenge for killings during the Hungarian occupation. In November 1944, Tito declared that the
1564:
910:
in Međimurje, Colonel Zsigmond Timár, issued a declaration that the following day Međimurje was to be placed permanently under military administration and Hungarian rule. According to Professor
336:, which had formed a militia and disarmed around 90,000 Yugoslav troops. Despite only sporadic resistance, Hungarian troops killed many civilians during these initial operations, including some
1369:(Sajkásvidék) over 4–19 January; in Novi Sad (Újvidék) over 21–23 January; and in Bečej (Óbecse) over 25–29 January. Over the period 4–24 January, massacres were carried out by the Hungarian
548:
According to the 1931 census, the territories of Bačka and Baranja had a combined population of 837,742. This included between 275,014 and 283,114 Hungarians, and between 185,458 and 194,908
713:
began occupying those regions of Yugoslavia using the Mobile, IV and V Corps, with I and VII Corps in reserve. That day (11 April), the headquarters of the 3rd Army informed that of the
1717:
979:
were not active in the Hungarian military or civil administration, but were represented in the Hungarian Parliament, and from 1942 were permitted to conscript their members into the
395:), and they were formally annexed to Hungary in December. In January 1942 the Hungarian military conducted raids during which they killed over 3,300 people, mostly Serbs and Jews.
1508:
1000:
1370:
1518:
After Germany occupied Hungary in March 1944, the genocidal policies of the authorities were applied comprehensively. Hungarian Jews were subjected to starvation and
906:. On 1 May 1941, the Germans estimated that the population of the territories occupied by Hungary was 1,145,000. On 9 July 1941, the military governor of the town of
1426:
holy days had been prohibited by the Hungarian administration. These reports stated that a camp in Novi Sad interned 13,000 Serb and Jewish men, women and children.
3453:
Germany and the Second World War: Organization and Mobilization of the German Sphere of Power, Wartime Administration, Economy, and Manpower Resources 1942–1944/5
520:
Prior to the occupation, the most recent Yugoslav census had been taken in 1931. This census used language as the primary criterion, and counted all speakers of
387:
region, where Hungarian forces avenged their losses. In August 1941 a civilian administration took over the government of the "Recovered Southern Territories" (
410:, resulting in the deaths of 85 per cent of the Jews in the occupied territories. Prior to their withdrawal from the Balkans in the face of the advance of the
1701:
of Serbia adopted a declaration condemning the atrocities which were committed against Hungarian civilians between 1944 and 1945. On 26 June 2013, Hungarian
1645:
500:
Hungary agitated for a revision of the borders agreed in the Treaty of Trianon, and relations between the two countries were difficult. On 22 August 1938,
1399:
673:
4055:"The Međimurje Question in Police Intelligence Relationships of the Independent State of Croatia and the Kingdom of Hungary During the Second World War"
751:
irregulars fought isolated engagements, and the Hungarian General Staff considered irregular resistance forces to be their only significant opposition.
963:
of the occupied territories were an important part of the economies of the occupied territories, and by 1941, they were entirely in the thrall of the
4083:
956:
minority in order to persuade them that they were neither Serbs nor Croats, nor even Slavs at all: they were "Hungarians of Bunyevac mother-tongue".
437:
Map showing the difference between the borders of Hungary before and after the Treaty of Trianon. The old Kingdom of Hungary is in green, autonomous
853:
Map showing the division of the areas of Yugoslavia occupied then annexed by Hungary, including the relevant Hungarian administrative subdivisions
1727:
4036:
Karakaš Obradov, Marica (2012). "The Migrations of Hungarian National Group during the Second World War and in the Post-War Period in Croatia".
3105:
Biondich, Mark (2008). "The Historical Legacy: The Evolution of Interwar Yugoslav Politics". In Cohen, Lenard J.; Dragović-Soso, Jasna (eds.).
1623:
837:
Hungarian troops suffered 126 dead and 241 wounded during the sporadic fighting, and killed between 1,122 and 3,500 civilians, including some
379:
Small-scale armed resistance to the Hungarian occupation commenced in the latter half of 1941 and was answered with harsh measures, including
364:. Ultimately, tens of thousands of Serbs were deported from the occupied territories. This was followed by the implementation of a policy of "
4224:
1484:
The occupation of Bačka and Baranja lasted until 1944. Fearing that Hungary might conclude a separate peace with the Allies, Hitler launched
899:
376:, who received special status under Hungarian rule, and in Prekmurje the Hungarian authorities were more permissive towards ethnic Slovenes.
361:
1411:
1583:
of Yugoslavia were hostile to the nation, and ordered the internment of those living in areas under Partisan control. About 60,000–70,000
1297:
copper mine in the German-occupied territory of Serbia in July 1943. Only 2 per cent of those sent to the Eastern Front survived the war.
941:
from areas of Transylvania ceded to Hungary by Romania in 1940. Between 15,000 and 18,000 were reportedly resettled in Bačka and Baranja.
628:, which the Kingdom of Romania ceded. One of the ethno-cultural areas that changed hands between Romania and Hungary at this time was the
1722:
4219:
4174:
4234:
1596:
1708:
visited Serbia and formally apologised for war crimes committed against Serbian civilians by Hungarian forces during World War II.
824:
Parliament. German forces occupied a narrow slice of northeastern Prekmurje along the German–Yugoslav border, which included four
3933:
1463:
to Bačka: curfews were imposed and political activities were forbidden. A self-defence organisation, the Pandurs, was created.
1456:
991:(National League of Germans in Hungary), was essentially autonomous during the war, including within the occupied territories.
348:, subsequently consented to the Hungarian annexation of the Međimurje area, which dismayed the Croat population of the region.
4017:
3993:
3968:
3919:
3897:
3844:
3823:
3798:
3777:
3756:
3733:
3712:
3688:
3664:
3643:
3618:
3597:
3568:
3525:
3484:
3460:
3441:
3418:
3397:
3376:
3355:
3334:
3315:
3289:
3268:
3247:
3226:
3182:
3161:
3140:
3116:
3095:
3052:
1551:
In September 1944, the Hungarian authorities began evacuating the Székelys settled in the occupied territories since 1941 to
368:" of the political, social and economic life of the occupied territories, which included the re-settlement of Hungarians and
1515:. The case against them was re-opened after the German occupation, and in this second trial they were all found not guilty.
4184:
4169:
878:
that lay north of the Mura. Most of the Hungarian-occupied territories consisted of flat, largely agricultural land of the
4134:
948:
for Serbs from which they were eventually expelled to the German-occupied territory of Serbia. As part of the "systematic
575:
The territorial gains of Hungary in 1938–41. The occupied then annexed areas of Yugoslavia are shown in tan in the south (
57:
Occupation and partition of Yugoslavia in 1941. The Hungarian-occupied then annexed areas of Yugoslavia are in the north (
4164:
890:
At first, the occupied territories were placed under military administration. The international legal scholar, Professor
278:
4229:
1587:
had been evacuated from Bačka; while an additional 30,000–60,000 from Bačka were serving in the Wehrmacht at the time.
1339:
246:
43:
4189:
3544:
3071:
903:
383:, expulsions and internment. The insurgency was mainly concentrated in the ethnic-Serb area of southern Bačka in the
357:
4054:
1601:
On 15 February 1945, the Banat, Bačka and Baranja were transferred from military to civilian administration with a
728:
The German army's rapid manoeuvres during the invasion had forced the tactical withdrawal of Yugoslav forces facing
4194:
1437:
in relation to the massacres, including Feketehalmy-Czeydner, Grassy, Deák and Zöldi. A military trial was held in
304:. The occupation began on 11 April 1941 when 80,000 Hungarian troops crossed the Yugoslav border in support of the
3257:
Frank, Tibor (2001). "Treaty Revision and Doublespeak: Hungarian Neutrality, 1939–1941". In Wylie, Neville (ed.).
4199:
1637:
3428:
Kostanick, Huey Louis (1963). "The Geopolitics of the Balkans". In Jelavich, Charles; Jelavich, Barbara (eds.).
1443:
1266:
732:
units and there was no significant fighting between the two armies. The Hungarian forces advanced south to the
398:
In March 1944, when Hungary realised that it was on the losing side in the war and began to negotiate with the
4204:
3432:
The Balkans in Transition: Essays on the Development of Balkan Life and Politics Since the Eighteenth Century
3218:
Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth-century Central-Eastern Europe: History, Data, and Analysis
1531:
1419:
1290:
685:
452:
345:
4179:
4114:
2141:, p. 196, citing the obituaries of the "Royal Parachutist Squadron" (13 April) and in the periodical
933:
On 14 December, these regions, referred to by Hungary as the "Recovered Southern Territories" (Hungarian:
1384:
709:
which had begun there several days earlier when Italian and German troops invaded. The following day the
438:
406:. This was followed by the collection and transport of the remaining Jews in the occupied territories to
4214:
1698:
1310:
summarily executed 313 people. Measures included the establishment of temporary concentration camps at
1281:
679:
533:
649:
4209:
1519:
874:
river to the north and the Drava river to the south. Prekmurje consisted of that part of the pre-war
776:
637:
1350:
was never strong in Bačka and Baranja because the flat terrain of the region did not lend itself to
807:
and Vukovar on 18 April. These brigades then drove southeast to capture the western Serbian town of
3494:
1447:
1732:
1615:
1423:
1015:
552:. Hungarians therefore made up around one-third of the population of these territories, with the
481:
185:
3938:. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 104-4. Archived from
938:
701:
369:
3907:
3870:
3749:
The Southern Territories, 1941–1944: The Policies of the Hungarian Government towards Yugoslavs
1649:
1459:
1395:
768:
669:
557:
446:
399:
312:
97:
3677:(2000). "The Making of Yugoslavia: 1830–1945". In Udovički, Jasminka; Ridgeway, James (eds.).
866:
to the west and south, and the Danube to the east. The territory of Međimurje was part of the
3811:
Nationalitätenkonflikte im 20. Jahrhundert: Ursachen von inter-ethnischer Gewalt im Vergleich
3656:
Communist Retaliation and Persecution on Yugoslav Territory During and After WWII (1943–1950)
1652:
listed a total of 1,686 executed war criminals by name, of whom around 1,000 were Hungarian.
1560:
1450:, both of whom appeared only as witnesses. Klajn opines that the Chief of the General Staff,
1430:
625:
509:
472:
333:
315:
that had commenced five days earlier. There was some resistance to the Hungarian forces from
274:
90:
3589:
3583:
1011:
181:
148:
66:
3554:
1702:
1485:
1023:
830:
729:
714:
710:
403:
189:
116:
3939:
1497:
471:. Among other things, the treaty defined the border between Hungary and the newly created
8:
4239:
3347:
Self-Financing Genocide: The Gold Train, the Becher Case and the Wealth of Hungarian Jews
1451:
1019:
930:, 18 per cent Croats and 16 per cent Serbs, and the population of Prekmurje was 102,867.
867:
621:
613:
323:
250:
193:
35:
3816:
Ethnic Conflicts in the 20th Century: Comparisons of the Causes of Inter-Ethnic Violence
1391:
849:
816:
3957:
3929:
3863:
3430:
3329:. Vienna, Austria: Institut für Geographie und Regionalforschung der Universität Wien.
3126:
3108:
State Collapse in South-Eastern Europe: New Perspectives on Yugoslavia's Disintegration
1523:
1415:
1381:
1343:
1007:
971:
were strained by the killing of ethnic Germans during the invasion, to the extent that
945:
780:
745:
609:
505:
407:
388:
353:
316:
3910:(2011). "Vojvodina under Hungarian Rule". In Ramet, Sabrina P.; Listhaug, Ola (eds.).
923:
4106:
4070:
4069:: Croatian Sociological Association and Jesenski & Turk Publishing House: 59–78.
4041:
4040:(in Croatian) (1). Belgrade, Serbia: Institute for Recent History of Serbia: 87–105.
4013:
3989:
3964:
3915:
3893:
3874:
3858:
3840:
3819:
3794:
3773:
3752:
3729:
3708:
3684:
3660:
3639:
3614:
3593:
3564:
3540:
3521:
3502:
3480:
3456:
3437:
3414:
3393:
3372:
3351:
3330:
3311:
3285:
3264:
3243:
3222:
3203:
3178:
3157:
3136:
3112:
3091:
3067:
3048:
1407:
1351:
689:
653:
645:
464:
380:
285:
3725:
The Challenge of Ethnic Conflict, Democracy and Self-determination in Central Europe
1636:
massacres in southern Bačka were captured in, and extradited from, the newly formed
787:, MKHL) at the start of the European war. Shortly after takeoff from the airport at
326:
had collapsed by this time. The Hungarian forces were indirectly aided by the local
3698:
3310:] (in German). Wiesbaden, Germany: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 153–157.
3281:
The First Domino: International Decision Making during the Hungarian Crisis of 1956
617:
605:
580:
262:
143:
62:
4084:"Establishment of the Hungarian Air Force and the Activity of the Hungarian Royal
1503:
1377:
1083:
657:
4102:
4007:
3979:
3887:
3854:
3834:
3809:
3788:
3767:
3723:
3702:
3678:
3654:
3629:
3608:
3579:
3558:
3515:
3474:
3408:
3387:
3366:
3345:
3301:
3279:
3258:
3237:
3216:
3172:
3151:
3130:
3106:
3085:
3042:
1705:
1402:. In addition to Serbs and Jews, members of other ethnicities were also victims:
1347:
1244:
879:
858:
633:
571:
561:
542:
497:
468:
402:, Germany took control of the country, including the annexed territories, during
1315:
1093:
629:
620:, Hungary enlarged its territory. It absorbed parts of southern Czechoslovakia,
157:(Hungary used the term "Recovered Southern Territories" to refer to these areas)
3470:
1527:
1476:
915:
891:
875:
521:
501:
489:
460:
1522:, and those that had remained in the occupied territories were transported to
4158:
4110:
4074:
4045:
3935:
The German Campaigns in the Balkans (Spring 1941): A Model of Crisis Planning
3506:
3207:
3193:
1491:
1403:
1374:
1362:
1335:
1192:
949:
911:
754:
On 12 April, the Hungarian 1st Parachute Battalion captured canal bridges at
384:
365:
328:
1542:
641:
4003:
3263:. Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press. pp. 150–191.
1552:
1434:
1380:
and units of the Royal Gendarmerie. The operations were ordered by Grassy,
1276:
972:
919:
755:
601:
537:
496:, were settled in Bačka and Baranja by the Yugoslav government. During the
411:
341:
305:
242:
584:
556:
comprising slightly less than one-quarter. According to the historian Dr.
281:
prior to 1920, and had been transferred to Yugoslavia as part of the post-
266:
3889:
War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: Occupation and Collaboration
3878:
3674:
3064:
Hungarian–British Diplomacy, 1938–1941: The Attempt to Maintain Relations
1366:
1355:
1311:
1294:
1165:
871:
799:, then pushed south across the Danube into the northern part of Croatian
456:
309:
282:
3988:] (in German). Göttingen, West Germany: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
857:
The Hungarian-occupied territory of Bačka consisted of that part of the
811:
a day later. Other Hungarian forces occupied the Yugoslavian regions of
788:
3410:
Give Peace One More Chance!: Revision of the 1946 Peace Treaty of Paris
964:
254:
39:
3242:. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press.
1234:
1063:
907:
441:
in grey. The population charts are based on the 1910 Hungarian census.
288:. They now form part of several states: Yugoslav Bačka is now part of
3081:
1674:
980:
812:
706:
588:
289:
270:
153:
70:
3959:
Religious Separation and Political Intolerance in Bosnia-Herzegovina
3537:
In the Skies of Europe: Air Forces Allied to the Luftwaffe 1939–1945
3517:
Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the 20th Century
3389:
Ethnic Geography of the Hungarian Minorities in the Carpathian Basin
3111:. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press. pp. 43–74.
2244:
1323:
1133:
1053:
697:
433:
4009:
German Minorities in Europe: Ethnic Identity and Cultural Belonging
3087:
With Stalin against Tito: Cominformist splits in Yugoslav Communism
2064:
1686:
1556:
1438:
1103:
953:
895:
820:
804:
796:
759:
722:
565:
414:
301:
3585:
Europe and Ethnicity: World War 1 and Contemporary Ethnic Conflict
3260:
European Neutrals and Non-Belligerents During the Second World War
2019:
1644:("Hungarians in Vojvodina: 1941–1946"; Novi Sad, 1996), Professor
1571:. With the advance of the Partisans and the Red Army, some of the
1327:
1319:
1073:
648:
would be simplified if Yugoslavia could be neutralised. After the
576:
258:
138:
58:
3869:. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp.
3818:] (in German). Wiesbaden, Germany: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.
3704:
The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005
3683:. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. pp. 43–63.
1682:
1575:
left the region while some others stayed, despite the situation.
1512:
1388:
1224:
808:
748:
737:
529:
422:
319:
297:
3501:. Vol. 2. Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press.
2884:
2882:
2483:
2481:
2261:
2259:
2160:
2148:
1806:
1804:
1509:
25th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Hunyadi (1st Hungarian)
1331:
1293:
in September 1942, and about 600 Bačka Jews sent to work in the
372:
from other parts of Hungary. "Magyarisation" did not impact the
4066:
4059:
Polemos: časopis Za Interdisciplinarna Istraživanja Rata I Mira
3202:] (in Hungarian). Budapest, Hungary: Magvető Publications.
1678:
1422:
reported that churches had been looted and destroyed, and that
1123:
800:
772:
763:
733:
718:
293:
3455:. Vol. V/I. New York, New York: Oxford University Press.
3153:
Encyclopedia of Modern Dictators: From Napoleon to the Present
2653:
2651:
1718:
Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary (1941–1945)
1627:
there were 84,800 refugees from Yugoslavia living in Hungary.
1433:, the Hungarian government charged 14 Hungarian officers with
1361:
In January 1942, the Hungarian army and gendarmerie undertook
3865:
Contemporary Yugoslavia: Twenty Years of Socialist Experiment
3751:] (in Hungarian). Budapest, Hungary: Kossuth Könyvkiadó.
2879:
2478:
2346:
2256:
1801:
1113:
863:
741:
525:
493:
2612:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2510:
2508:
2122:
2120:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
1968:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1852:
1001:
Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary (1941–44)
3745:
Délvidék, 1941–1944: A magyar kormanyok delszlav politikaja
3001:
2648:
2429:
2427:
1789:
1764:
1762:
3963:. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press.
3769:
The Columbia Literary History of Eastern Europe since 1945
3284:. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press.
2955:
2953:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2855:
3560:
Hitler's New Disorder: The Second World War in Yugoslavia
3499:
October Fifteenth: A History of Modern Hungary, 1929–1945
2989:
2819:
2783:
2588:
2544:
2505:
2439:
2286:
2117:
2076:
2043:
1883:
795:
On 13 April, the 1st and 2nd Motorised Brigades occupied
3436:. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.
3350:. Budapest, Hungary: Central European University Press.
3013:
2977:
2965:
2926:
2867:
2831:
2795:
2771:
2759:
2723:
2675:
2566:
2564:
2520:
2456:
2454:
2424:
2390:
2388:
2375:
2373:
2358:
2334:
2298:
2213:
2211:
2172:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1759:
1681:, Yugoslav Baranja and Međimurje are part of modern-day
828:
villages. In mid-June 1941, this area was absorbed into
717:
that Hungarian forces had crossed the frontier north of
700:. That day Horthy and the new Prime Minister of Hungary
296:, Yugoslav Baranja and Međimurje are part of modern-day
3914:. London, England: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 70–89.
3613:. Manchester, England: Manchester University Press ND.
2950:
2916:
2914:
2894:
2807:
2687:
2663:
2600:
2576:
2532:
2466:
2276:
2274:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2105:
2093:
2031:
1985:
1983:
1958:
1956:
1907:
1905:
1840:
1779:
1777:
1749:
1747:
967:. Relations between the occupation authorities and the
356:
and expelled them to the Independent State of Croatia,
3680:
Burn This House: The Making and Unmaking of Yugoslavia
3638:] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: GRIN Verlag.
3520:. Plymouth, Devon: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.
3239:
Hungary at War: Civilians and Soldiers in World War II
1673:
remained in Yugoslavia. Yugoslav Bačka is now part of
1590:
1471:
771:
transport aircraft formerly with the civilian airline
3857:(1969). "Yugoslavia During the Second World War". In
3636:
Serbia and Montegro in the Second World War 1941–1945
3631:
Serbien und Montenegro im zweiten Weltkrieg 1941–1945
3041:
Abbott, Peter; Thomas, Nigel; Chappell, Mike (1982).
2561:
2451:
2412:
2385:
2370:
2310:
2208:
2196:
2184:
1864:
1828:
922:
in the occupied territories, and was replaced by the
524:
as one group, rather than recognising distinct Serb,
3040:
2911:
2843:
2747:
2735:
2711:
2636:
2624:
2493:
2322:
2271:
2223:
2132:
2025:
2007:
1995:
1980:
1953:
1929:
1917:
1902:
1774:
1744:
1659:
3892:. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
3327:
Geographical Names as part of the Cultural Heritage
3135:. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press.
2938:
2699:
1816:
1622:population, as well as Serbs. The Hungarian writer
674:
Axis order of battle for the invasion of Yugoslavia
18:
Part of Yugoslavia occupied then annexed by Hungary
3956:
3928:
3862:
3707:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
3580:"Hungary: A State Truncated, A Nation Dismembered"
3429:
3132:The Politics of Genocide: The Holocaust in Hungary
2166:
2154:
2070:
3793:(3 ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press.
3772:. New York, New York: Columbia University Press.
3563:. New York, New York: Columbia University Press.
3413:. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America.
3371:. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America.
2400:
1941:
1507:(major general) and was appointed to command the
4156:
3090:. New York, New York: Cornell University Press.
636:. On 12 December 1940, at the initiative of the
4035:
3807:
2888:
2352:
1810:
1685:, and Yugoslav Prekmurje is part of modern-day
1504:Gruppenführer und Generalleutnant der Waffen-SS
300:, and Yugoslav Prekmurje is part of modern-day
3673:
3588:. London, England: Psychology Press. pp.
2618:
1418:, and some local Hungarians. In mid-1942, the
870:prior to the invasion, and was bounded by the
3582:. In Dunn, Seamus; Fraser, Thomas G. (eds.).
3392:. Budapest, Hungary: Simon Publications LLC.
3044:Germany's Eastern Front Allies 1941–45, Vol 1
1480:Monument to the 1942 raid victims in Novi Sad
173:incorporated into existing Hungarian counties
4133:
3721:
3385:
3368:The Past in Present Times: The Yugoslav Saga
3019:
2861:
2657:
1300:
4135:"Hungarian president apologizes for crimes"
3832:
3479:. Clark, New Jersey: The Lawbook Exchange.
2058:
1728:Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)
568:, and 15,308 (8 per cent) were Hungarians.
3885:
3853:
3839:. Oxford, Oxfordshire: Osprey Publishing.
3786:
3553:
3539:. Ramsbury, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press.
3298:
3047:. Oxford, Oxfordshire: Osprey Publishing.
3007:
2825:
2789:
2594:
2555:
2514:
2487:
2445:
2433:
2304:
2265:
2250:
2178:
2087:
1896:
1858:
340:. The government of the newly formed Axis
3954:
3808:Ther, Philipp; Sundhaussen, Holm (2001).
3652:
3627:
3493:
3427:
3343:
3277:
3214:
2971:
2959:
2905:
2873:
2837:
2801:
2777:
2693:
2681:
2669:
2582:
2538:
2472:
2364:
2037:
1974:
1846:
1563:on 1 October 1944, the Germans began the
1501:(lieutenant general). Grassy became a SS-
595:
3836:The Royal Hungarian Army in World War II
3406:
3308:Do You Remember the European Expulsions?
3156:. New York, New York: Peter Lang Press.
3104:
2111:
1834:
1475:
1280:of Serbia where they were placed in the
848:
696:, NDH) was established in Zagreb by the
570:
432:
277:. These territories had all been under
4088:Air Force in World War II Respectively"
4052:
3906:
3577:
3450:
3386:Kocsis, Károly; Hodosi, Eszter (1998).
2460:
2379:
2340:
2316:
2217:
2202:
2190:
1877:
1795:
1783:
1723:Communist purges in Serbia in 1944–1945
650:Yugoslav military coup of 27 March 1941
512:that allowed Hungary to re-arm itself.
4157:
4012:. New York, New York: Berghahn Books.
3977:
3606:
3534:
3513:
3469:
3324:
3191:
3125:
2995:
2813:
2606:
2570:
2418:
2394:
2292:
2280:
2238:
2126:
2099:
2013:
1911:
1768:
1753:
1330:and Subotica, as well as at Novi Sad,
1209:
1177:
1150:
1038:
944:The Hungarian authorities established
744:without any real military resistance.
417:, the Germans evacuated 60,000–70,000
208:11,475 km (4,431 sq mi)
4081:
4002:
3912:Serbia and the Serbs in World War Two
3833:Thomas, Nigel; Szabo, Laszlo (2008).
3765:
3742:
3697:
3659:. Norderstedt, Germany: GRIN Verlag.
3364:
3256:
3149:
3080:
2983:
2944:
2932:
2920:
2849:
2765:
2753:
2741:
2729:
2717:
2705:
2642:
2630:
2526:
2499:
2328:
2138:
2001:
1989:
1962:
1935:
1923:
1597:Communist purges in Serbia in 1944–45
473:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
4225:1944 disestablishments in Yugoslavia
3981:Nationalitätenpolitik in Jugoslawien
1630:
1539:1,300 from Međimurje and Prekmurje.
1275:The Hungarian government had passed
1029:
775:, but pressed into service with the
322:irregulars, but the defences of the
3722:Ronen, Dov; Pelinka, Anton (1997).
3344:Kádár, Gábor; Vági, Zoltán (2004).
3235:
3170:
3061:
2406:
1947:
1822:
1692:
1591:Return to Yugoslav civilian control
1472:German occupation and the Holocaust
983:. The official organisation of the
900:German-occupied territory of Serbia
362:German-occupied territory of Serbia
13:
3407:Komjáthy, Anthony Tihamér (1993).
3303:Vertreibungen europäisch erinnern?
2026:Abbott, Thomas & Chappell 1982
1429:Under pressure from the Hungarian
467:with Hungary after the breakup of
14:
4251:
4220:1941 establishments in Yugoslavia
4175:World War II occupied territories
3610:Righting Wrongs in Eastern Europe
3221:. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe.
3177:. New York, New York: Routledge.
1660:Demographic and political changes
989:Volksbund der Deutschen in Ungarn
885:
600:Between 1938 and 1940, following
233:
4105:, Portugal: Europress: 191–210.
3986:Nationality Policy in Yugoslavia
3790:Historical Dictionary of Croatia
3728:. Portland, Oregon: Frank Cass.
1555:. Several days after the Soviet
1260:
616:, and the Hungarian invasion of
83:
51:
3066:. London, England: Frank Cass.
975:became aware of the issue. The
515:
3278:Granville, Johanna C. (2004).
1363:a major raid in southern Bačka
1267:History of the Jews in Hungary
1010:prior to 1920. These were the
352:thousands of local Serbs into
1:
3028:
1664:Of the approximately 500,000
1642:Mađari u Vojvodini: 1941–1946
1603:People's Liberation Committee
1547:and Yugoslav military control
1444:Minister for Interior Affairs
785:Magyar Királyi Honvéd Légierő
652:, when the Germans asked the
626:northern part of Transylvania
428:
221:
4235:Hungary–Yugoslavia relations
3978:Wehler, Hans–Ulrich (1980).
3535:Neulen, Hans Werner (2000).
3476:Axis Rule in Occupied Europe
3174:Slovenia: Evolving Loyalties
1738:
1677:, an autonomous province of
1638:People's Republic of Hungary
1466:
1420:Yugoslav government-in-exile
994:
844:
740:and the confluence with the
686:Independent State of Croatia
455:following the conclusion of
346:Independent State of Croatia
292:, an autonomous province of
7:
4185:History of Baranya (region)
4170:The Holocaust in Yugoslavia
4126:
4028:
3787:Stallaerts, Robert (2009).
3653:Portmann, Michael (2007b).
3628:Portmann, Michael (2007a).
2889:Ther & Sundhaussen 2001
1711:
1606:
1385:Ferenc Feketehalmy-Czeydner
663:
508:and Yugoslavia agreed to a
485:
358:Italian-occupied Montenegro
10:
4256:
4165:Yugoslavia in World War II
3607:Pogany, Istvan S. (1997).
3451:Kroener, Bernhard (2000).
2253:, pp. 62 and 169–170.
1607:Narodnooslobodilački odbor
1594:
1406:people, a small number of
1305:In Bačka and Baranja, the
1282:Banjica concentration camp
1264:
998:
680:World War II in Yugoslavia
677:
667:
444:
421:from Bačka and Baranja to
4230:20th century in Vojvodina
3955:Velikonja, Mitja (2003).
3886:Tomasevich, Jozo (2001).
3766:Segel, Harold B. (2008).
3578:Pearson, Raymond (1996).
3495:Macartney, Carlile Aylmer
3215:Eberhardt, Piotr (2003).
1301:Resistance and repression
777:Royal Hungarian Air Force
694:Nezavisna Država Hrvatska
228:
217:
212:
204:
199:
177:
169:
164:
126:
114:
106:
96:
78:
50:
32:
23:
4190:Slovenia in World War II
3743:Sajti, Enikő A. (1987).
3150:Coppa, Frank J. (2006).
3033:
2862:Ronen & Pelinka 1997
2658:Kocsis & Hodosi 1998
1448:Ferenc Keresztes-Fischer
1394:, and Royal Gendarmerie
904:Italian-ruled Montenegro
545:denomination as Croats.
4195:Hungary in World War II
4053:Kovačić, Davor (2010).
3062:Bán, András D. (2004).
2167:United States Army 1986
2155:United States Army 1986
2071:United States Army 1986
2059:Thomas & Szabo 2008
1733:Hungary in World War II
1511:, and Zöldi joined the
1495:, being promoted to SS-
1457:German Foreign Minister
1346:resistance movement of
894:, who coined the word "
25:Hungarian occupation of
4200:Serbia in World War II
4082:Szabó, Miklós (2005).
3675:Prpa–Jovanović, Branka
3325:Jordan, Peter (2009).
3236:Eby, Cecil D. (2007).
3192:Cseres, Tibor (1991).
1650:University of Novi Sad
1567:, including the local
1486:Operation Margarethe I
1481:
1460:Joachim von Ribbentrop
934:
854:
784:
769:Savoia-Marchetti SM.75
693:
684:On 10 April 1941, the
670:Invasion of Yugoslavia
596:Developments 1938–1941
592:
453:Paris Peace Conference
447:Creation of Yugoslavia
442:
404:Operation Margarethe I
392:
313:invasion of Yugoslavia
4103:Póvoa de Santo Adrião
3555:Pavlowitch, Stevan K.
3514:Mojzes, Paul (2011).
3365:Klajn, Lajčo (2007).
3195:Vérbosszú a Bácskában
3171:Cox, John K. (2005).
2802:Kádár & Vági 2004
2694:Kádár & Vági 2004
2670:Kádár & Vági 2004
1798:, pp. 75 and 71.
1595:Further information:
1479:
852:
678:Further information:
574:
436:
275:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
4205:Hungarian war crimes
2353:Karakaš Obradov 2012
1811:Karakaš Obradov 2012
1530:then transported to
1431:political opposition
1416:Bolshevik Revolution
1034:Bács-Bodrog County:
831:Reichsgau Steiermark
614:Second Vienna Awards
492:volunteers), mainly
486:Solunski dobrovoljci
234:Demographics section
27:Yugoslav territories
4120:on 2 November 2014.
3127:Braham, Randolph L.
2998:, pp. 259–260.
2986:, pp. 133–136.
2935:, pp. 137–138.
2768:, pp. 117–118.
2732:, pp. 125–126.
2619:Prpa–Jovanović 2000
2529:, pp. 136–137.
2490:, pp. 170–171.
2295:, pp. 262–263.
2268:, pp. 172–173.
2129:, pp. 122–123.
1977:, pp. 101–102.
1861:, pp. 170–172.
1771:, pp. 261–262.
1565:evacuation of Bačka
1524:extermination camps
1452:Ferenc Szombathelyi
1371:15th Light Division
946:concentration camps
868:Banovina of Croatia
622:Carpathian Ruthenia
510:revision of Trianon
408:extermination camps
354:concentration camps
324:Royal Yugoslav Army
251:military occupation
117:Occupied by Germany
98:Occupied by Hungary
34:Part of Yugoslavia
3930:United States Army
3908:Ungváry, Krisztián
3859:Vucinich, Wayne S.
3200:Vendetta in Bácska
1482:
1382:Lieutenant General
1008:Kingdom of Hungary
855:
711:Hungarian 3rd Army
593:
443:
381:summary executions
247:Kingdom of Hungary
218: • Total
205: • Total
107:Annexed by Hungary
4215:1940s in Slovenia
4019:978-1-57181-738-9
3995:978-3-525-01322-9
3970:978-1-58544-226-3
3921:978-0-230-27830-1
3899:978-0-8047-3615-2
3846:978-1-84603-324-7
3825:978-3-447-04494-3
3800:978-0-8108-6750-5
3779:978-0-231-13306-7
3758:978-963-09-3078-9
3735:978-0-7146-4752-4
3714:978-0-253-34656-8
3699:Ramet, Sabrina P.
3690:978-0-8223-2590-1
3666:978-3-638-66048-8
3645:978-3-638-70869-2
3620:978-0-7190-3042-0
3599:978-0-415-11996-2
3570:978-1-85065-895-5
3527:978-1-4422-0663-2
3486:978-1-58477-901-8
3462:978-0-19-822887-5
3443:978-0-208-01431-3
3420:978-0-8191-8905-9
3399:978-1-931313-75-9
3378:978-0-7618-3647-6
3357:978-963-9241-53-4
3336:978-3-900830-67-0
3317:978-0-231-70050-4
3291:978-1-58544-298-0
3270:978-0-521-64358-0
3249:978-0-271-03244-3
3228:978-0-7656-1833-7
3184:978-0-415-27431-9
3163:978-0-8204-5010-0
3142:978-0-8143-2691-6
3118:978-1-55753-460-6
3097:978-0-8014-2186-0
3054:978-0-85045-475-8
3010:, pp. 33–34.
2816:, pp. 90–91.
2609:, pp. 89–90.
2343:, pp. 62–63.
2102:, pp. 61–65.
2073:, pp. 60–61.
1825:, pp. 37–38.
1699:National Assembly
1631:Legal proceedings
1605:(Serbo-Croatian:
1498:Obergruppenführer
1352:guerrilla warfare
1257:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1198:
1197:
1171:
1170:
1139:
1138:
608:mediation in the
558:Krisztián Ungváry
465:Treaty of Trianon
286:Treaty of Trianon
239:
238:
178: • Body
170: • Type
65:) and northwest (
4247:
4210:1940s in Croatia
4180:History of Bačka
4150:
4148:
4146:
4121:
4119:
4113:. Archived from
4092:
4078:
4049:
4023:
3999:
3974:
3962:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3925:
3903:
3882:
3868:
3855:Tomasevich, Jozo
3850:
3829:
3804:
3783:
3762:
3739:
3718:
3694:
3670:
3649:
3624:
3603:
3574:
3550:
3531:
3510:
3490:
3466:
3447:
3435:
3424:
3403:
3382:
3361:
3340:
3321:
3295:
3274:
3253:
3232:
3211:
3188:
3167:
3146:
3122:
3101:
3077:
3058:
3023:
3020:B92 26 June 2013
3017:
3011:
3005:
2999:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2957:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2909:
2903:
2892:
2886:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2817:
2811:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2787:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2715:
2709:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2646:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2580:
2574:
2568:
2559:
2553:
2542:
2536:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2512:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2422:
2416:
2410:
2404:
2398:
2392:
2383:
2377:
2368:
2362:
2356:
2350:
2344:
2338:
2332:
2326:
2320:
2314:
2308:
2302:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2269:
2263:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2221:
2215:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2136:
2130:
2124:
2115:
2109:
2103:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2074:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1900:
1894:
1881:
1875:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1772:
1766:
1757:
1751:
1693:Formal apologies
1424:Serbian Orthodox
1408:Russian refugees
1208:
1207:
1176:
1175:
1149:
1148:
1146:Baranya County:
1037:
1036:
1030:
987:in Hungary, the
654:Hungarian Regent
618:Carpatho-Ukraine
439:Croatia-Slavonia
223:
119:
110:14 December 1941
89:
87:
86:
55:
21:
20:
4255:
4254:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4155:
4154:
4153:
4144:
4142:
4129:
4124:
4117:
4090:
4061:(in Croatian).
4038:Tokovi Istorije
4031:
4026:
4020:
3996:
3971:
3945:
3943:
3942:on 19 June 2009
3922:
3900:
3847:
3826:
3801:
3780:
3759:
3736:
3715:
3691:
3667:
3646:
3621:
3600:
3571:
3547:
3528:
3487:
3471:Lemkin, Raphael
3463:
3444:
3421:
3400:
3379:
3358:
3337:
3318:
3292:
3271:
3250:
3229:
3185:
3164:
3143:
3119:
3098:
3074:
3055:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3018:
3014:
3008:Stallaerts 2009
3006:
3002:
2994:
2990:
2982:
2978:
2970:
2966:
2958:
2951:
2943:
2939:
2931:
2927:
2919:
2912:
2904:
2895:
2887:
2880:
2872:
2868:
2860:
2856:
2848:
2844:
2836:
2832:
2826:Tomasevich 2001
2824:
2820:
2812:
2808:
2800:
2796:
2790:Tomasevich 2001
2788:
2784:
2776:
2772:
2764:
2760:
2752:
2748:
2740:
2736:
2728:
2724:
2716:
2712:
2704:
2700:
2692:
2688:
2680:
2676:
2668:
2664:
2656:
2649:
2641:
2637:
2629:
2625:
2617:
2613:
2605:
2601:
2595:Tomasevich 2001
2593:
2589:
2581:
2577:
2569:
2562:
2556:Tomasevich 2001
2554:
2545:
2537:
2533:
2525:
2521:
2515:Tomasevich 2001
2513:
2506:
2498:
2494:
2488:Tomasevich 2001
2486:
2479:
2471:
2467:
2459:
2452:
2446:Janjetović 2008
2444:
2440:
2434:Pavlowitch 2008
2432:
2425:
2417:
2413:
2405:
2401:
2393:
2386:
2378:
2371:
2363:
2359:
2351:
2347:
2339:
2335:
2327:
2323:
2315:
2311:
2305:Tomasevich 1969
2303:
2299:
2291:
2287:
2279:
2272:
2266:Tomasevich 2001
2264:
2257:
2251:Tomasevich 2001
2249:
2245:
2237:
2224:
2216:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2185:
2179:Tomasevich 2001
2177:
2173:
2165:
2161:
2153:
2149:
2137:
2133:
2125:
2118:
2110:
2106:
2098:
2094:
2088:Tomasevich 2001
2086:
2077:
2069:
2065:
2057:
2044:
2036:
2032:
2024:
2020:
2012:
2008:
2000:
1996:
1988:
1981:
1973:
1969:
1961:
1954:
1946:
1942:
1934:
1930:
1922:
1918:
1910:
1903:
1897:Tomasevich 2001
1895:
1884:
1876:
1865:
1859:Tomasevich 2001
1857:
1853:
1845:
1841:
1833:
1829:
1821:
1817:
1809:
1802:
1794:
1790:
1782:
1775:
1767:
1760:
1752:
1745:
1741:
1714:
1695:
1662:
1633:
1599:
1593:
1549:
1474:
1469:
1348:Josip Broz Tito
1303:
1269:
1263:
1258:
1215:
1211:Hungarian name
1200:
1183:
1179:Hungarian name
1156:
1152:Hungarian name
1141:
1044:
1040:Hungarian name
1003:
997:
924:Hungarian pengő
888:
880:Pannonian Plain
859:Danube Banovina
847:
715:German 2nd Army
702:László Bárdossy
682:
676:
668:Main articles:
666:
634:Tripartite Pact
598:
562:Jozo Tomasevich
518:
498:interwar period
469:Austria-Hungary
449:
431:
334:German minority
273:regions of the
249:engaged in the
160:
156:
135:
134:
115:
84:
82:
74:
46:
28:
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
4253:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4152:
4151:
4141:. 26 June 2013
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4122:
4095:Nação e Defesa
4079:
4050:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4018:
4000:
3994:
3975:
3969:
3952:
3926:
3920:
3904:
3898:
3883:
3851:
3845:
3830:
3824:
3805:
3799:
3784:
3778:
3763:
3757:
3740:
3734:
3719:
3713:
3695:
3689:
3671:
3665:
3650:
3644:
3625:
3619:
3604:
3598:
3575:
3569:
3551:
3545:
3532:
3526:
3511:
3491:
3485:
3467:
3461:
3448:
3442:
3425:
3419:
3404:
3398:
3383:
3377:
3362:
3356:
3341:
3335:
3322:
3316:
3296:
3290:
3275:
3269:
3254:
3248:
3233:
3227:
3212:
3189:
3183:
3168:
3162:
3147:
3141:
3123:
3117:
3102:
3096:
3078:
3072:
3059:
3053:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3012:
3000:
2988:
2976:
2974:, p. 311.
2972:Eberhardt 2003
2964:
2960:Portmann 2007b
2949:
2937:
2925:
2923:, p. 159.
2910:
2906:Portmann 2007b
2893:
2878:
2876:, p. 378.
2874:Macartney 1957
2866:
2854:
2852:, p. 152.
2842:
2840:, p. 347.
2838:Macartney 1957
2830:
2828:, p. 591.
2818:
2806:
2804:, p. 155.
2794:
2792:, p. 173.
2782:
2780:, p. 315.
2778:Macartney 1957
2770:
2758:
2756:, p. 126.
2746:
2744:, p. 124.
2734:
2722:
2720:, p. 118.
2710:
2698:
2686:
2684:, p. 102.
2682:Granville 2004
2674:
2662:
2660:, p. 153.
2647:
2645:, p. 153.
2635:
2633:, p. 107.
2623:
2611:
2599:
2597:, p. 583.
2587:
2583:Macartney 1957
2575:
2573:, p. 129.
2560:
2558:, p. 172.
2543:
2539:Macartney 1957
2531:
2519:
2517:, p. 171.
2504:
2502:, p. 138.
2492:
2477:
2473:Kostanick 1963
2465:
2450:
2448:, p. 156.
2438:
2423:
2421:, p. 262.
2411:
2399:
2397:, p. 263.
2384:
2369:
2367:, p. 164.
2365:Velikonja 2003
2357:
2345:
2333:
2331:, p. 115.
2321:
2309:
2297:
2285:
2270:
2255:
2243:
2222:
2207:
2195:
2183:
2171:
2159:
2147:
2143:Pápa és Vidéke
2131:
2116:
2114:, p. 134.
2104:
2092:
2090:, p. 169.
2075:
2063:
2042:
2038:Portmann 2007a
2030:
2018:
2006:
2004:, p. 112.
1994:
1992:, p. 137.
1979:
1975:Granville 2004
1967:
1965:, p. 106.
1952:
1940:
1938:, p. 115.
1928:
1926:, p. 171.
1916:
1901:
1899:, p. 170.
1882:
1863:
1851:
1849:, p. 359.
1847:Eberhardt 2003
1839:
1827:
1815:
1813:, p. 104.
1800:
1788:
1773:
1758:
1756:, p. 631.
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1713:
1710:
1694:
1691:
1661:
1658:
1640:. In his book
1632:
1629:
1592:
1589:
1548:
1543:Flight of the
1541:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1354:, and because
1302:
1299:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1216:Yugoslav name
1212:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1184:Yugoslav name
1180:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1157:Yugoslav name
1153:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1060:Magyarkanizsa
1057:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1045:Yugoslav name
1041:
1028:
996:
993:
916:Yugoslav dinar
902:, the NDH, or
892:Raphael Lemkin
887:
886:Administration
884:
876:Drava Banovina
846:
843:
789:Veszprém-Jutas
730:Hungarian army
665:
662:
638:Prime Minister
597:
594:
543:Roman Catholic
530:Bosnian Muslim
522:Serbo-Croatian
517:
514:
502:Czechoslovakia
482:Serbo-Croatian
461:Entente Powers
445:Main article:
430:
427:
279:Hungarian rule
237:
236:
230:
226:
225:
219:
215:
214:
210:
209:
206:
202:
201:
197:
196:
179:
175:
174:
171:
167:
166:
162:
161:
159:
158:
151:
146:
141:
132:
131:
130:
128:
124:
123:
120:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
100:
94:
93:
80:
76:
75:
56:
48:
47:
33:
30:
29:
24:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4252:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4116:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4089:
4087:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4034:
4033:
4021:
4015:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4004:Wolff, Stefan
4001:
3997:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3982:
3976:
3972:
3966:
3961:
3960:
3953:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3867:
3866:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3842:
3838:
3837:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3812:
3806:
3802:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3785:
3781:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3764:
3760:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3741:
3737:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3632:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3605:
3601:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3572:
3566:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3546:1-86126-799-1
3542:
3538:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3519:
3518:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3445:
3439:
3434:
3433:
3426:
3422:
3416:
3412:
3411:
3405:
3401:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3384:
3380:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3363:
3359:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3342:
3338:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3297:
3293:
3287:
3283:
3282:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3190:
3186:
3180:
3176:
3175:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3155:
3154:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3103:
3099:
3093:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3073:0-7146-5660-7
3069:
3065:
3060:
3056:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3021:
3016:
3009:
3004:
2997:
2992:
2985:
2980:
2973:
2968:
2962:, p. 19.
2961:
2956:
2954:
2947:, p. 26.
2946:
2941:
2934:
2929:
2922:
2917:
2915:
2908:, p. 15.
2907:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2891:, p. 69.
2890:
2885:
2883:
2875:
2870:
2864:, p. 59.
2863:
2858:
2851:
2846:
2839:
2834:
2827:
2822:
2815:
2810:
2803:
2798:
2791:
2786:
2779:
2774:
2767:
2762:
2755:
2750:
2743:
2738:
2731:
2726:
2719:
2714:
2708:, p. 25.
2707:
2702:
2696:, p. 71.
2695:
2690:
2683:
2678:
2672:, p. 32.
2671:
2666:
2659:
2654:
2652:
2644:
2639:
2632:
2627:
2621:, p. 58.
2620:
2615:
2608:
2603:
2596:
2591:
2585:, p. 13.
2584:
2579:
2572:
2567:
2565:
2557:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2541:, p. 39.
2540:
2535:
2528:
2523:
2516:
2511:
2509:
2501:
2496:
2489:
2484:
2482:
2475:, p. 28.
2474:
2469:
2463:, p. 75.
2462:
2457:
2455:
2447:
2442:
2436:, p. 84.
2435:
2430:
2428:
2420:
2415:
2409:, p. 40.
2408:
2403:
2396:
2391:
2389:
2382:, p. 71.
2381:
2376:
2374:
2366:
2361:
2355:, p. 87.
2354:
2349:
2342:
2337:
2330:
2325:
2319:, p. 62.
2318:
2313:
2307:, p. 76.
2306:
2301:
2294:
2289:
2283:, p. 79.
2282:
2277:
2275:
2267:
2262:
2260:
2252:
2247:
2241:, p. 87.
2240:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2220:, p. 73.
2219:
2214:
2212:
2205:, p. 74.
2204:
2199:
2193:, p. 93.
2192:
2187:
2181:, p. 84.
2180:
2175:
2169:, p. 64.
2168:
2163:
2157:, p. 65.
2156:
2151:
2144:
2140:
2135:
2128:
2123:
2121:
2113:
2112:Komjáthy 1993
2108:
2101:
2096:
2089:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2072:
2067:
2061:, p. 14.
2060:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2040:, p. 76.
2039:
2034:
2028:, p. 12.
2027:
2022:
2016:, p. 50.
2015:
2010:
2003:
1998:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1976:
1971:
1964:
1959:
1957:
1950:, p. 15.
1949:
1944:
1937:
1932:
1925:
1920:
1914:, p. 27.
1913:
1908:
1906:
1898:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1880:, p. 70.
1879:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1860:
1855:
1848:
1843:
1837:, p. 49.
1836:
1835:Biondich 2008
1831:
1824:
1819:
1812:
1807:
1805:
1797:
1792:
1786:, p. 95.
1785:
1780:
1778:
1770:
1765:
1763:
1755:
1750:
1748:
1743:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1697:In 2013, the
1690:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1671:Volksdeutsche
1667:
1666:Volksdeutsche
1657:
1653:
1651:
1647:
1646:Sándor Kaszás
1643:
1639:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1620:Volksdeutsche
1617:
1612:
1611:Volksdeutsche
1608:
1604:
1598:
1588:
1586:
1585:Volksdeutsche
1582:
1581:Volksdeutsche
1576:
1574:
1573:Volksdeutsche
1570:
1569:Volksdeutsche
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1546:
1545:Volksdeutsche
1540:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1520:death marches
1516:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1493:
1492:Allgemeine SS
1487:
1478:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1410:who had fled
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1378:József Grassy
1376:
1375:Major General
1373:commanded by
1372:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1307:Volksdeutsche
1298:
1296:
1292:
1291:Eastern Front
1286:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1261:The Holocaust
1253:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1214:Corresponding
1213:
1210:
1206:
1205:Zala County:
1203:
1201:
1194:
1193:Murska Sobota
1191:
1188:
1187:
1182:Corresponding
1181:
1178:
1174:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1155:Corresponding
1154:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1084:Bačka Palanka
1082:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:Stara Kanjiža
1062:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1043:Corresponding
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1025:
1024:Zala Counties
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1002:
992:
990:
986:
985:Volksdeutsche
982:
978:
977:Volksdeutsche
974:
970:
969:Volksdeutsche
966:
962:
961:Volksdeutsche
957:
955:
951:
950:magyarisation
947:
942:
940:
936:
931:
929:
928:Volksdeutsche
925:
921:
918:ceased to be
917:
913:
912:Sabrina Ramet
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
883:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
860:
851:
842:
840:
839:Volksdeutsche
835:
833:
832:
827:
826:Volksdeutsche
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
793:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
765:
762:. Meanwhile,
761:
757:
752:
750:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
681:
675:
671:
661:
659:
658:Miklós Horthy
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
590:
586:
582:
578:
573:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
554:Volksdeutsche
551:
550:Volksdeutsche
546:
544:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
513:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
478:
477:Volksdeutsche
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
448:
440:
435:
426:
424:
420:
419:Volksdeutsche
416:
413:
409:
405:
401:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
377:
375:
374:Volksdeutsche
371:
367:
366:magyarisation
363:
359:
355:
349:
347:
343:
339:
338:Volksdeutsche
335:
331:
330:
329:Volksdeutsche
325:
321:
318:
314:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
235:
231:
227:
220:
216:
211:
207:
203:
198:
195:
191:
187:
183:
180:
176:
172:
168:
163:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
136:
129:
125:
122:15 March 1944
121:
118:
113:
109:
105:
102:11 April 1941
101:
99:
95:
92:
81:
77:
72:
68:
64:
60:
54:
49:
45:
41:
37:
31:
22:
16:
4143:. Retrieved
4138:
4115:the original
4098:
4094:
4085:
4062:
4058:
4037:
4008:
3985:
3980:
3958:
3944:. Retrieved
3940:the original
3934:
3911:
3888:
3864:
3835:
3815:
3810:
3789:
3768:
3748:
3744:
3724:
3703:
3679:
3655:
3635:
3630:
3609:
3584:
3559:
3536:
3516:
3498:
3475:
3452:
3431:
3409:
3388:
3367:
3346:
3326:
3307:
3302:
3280:
3259:
3238:
3217:
3199:
3194:
3173:
3152:
3131:
3107:
3086:
3063:
3043:
3015:
3003:
2991:
2979:
2967:
2940:
2928:
2869:
2857:
2845:
2833:
2821:
2809:
2797:
2785:
2773:
2761:
2749:
2737:
2725:
2713:
2701:
2689:
2677:
2665:
2638:
2626:
2614:
2602:
2590:
2578:
2534:
2522:
2495:
2468:
2461:Ungváry 2011
2441:
2414:
2402:
2380:Ungváry 2011
2360:
2348:
2341:Kovačić 2010
2336:
2324:
2317:Kovačić 2010
2312:
2300:
2288:
2246:
2218:Ungváry 2011
2203:Ungváry 2011
2198:
2191:Kroener 2000
2186:
2174:
2162:
2150:
2142:
2134:
2107:
2095:
2066:
2033:
2021:
2009:
1997:
1970:
1943:
1931:
1919:
1878:Ungváry 2011
1854:
1842:
1830:
1818:
1796:Ungváry 2011
1791:
1784:Pearson 1996
1696:
1670:
1665:
1663:
1654:
1641:
1634:
1624:Tibor Cseres
1619:
1610:
1600:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1559:entered the
1553:Transdanubia
1550:
1544:
1537:
1517:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1483:
1435:high treason
1428:
1400:Márton Zöldi
1360:
1316:Bačka Topola
1306:
1304:
1287:
1277:anti-Semitic
1274:
1270:
1251:
1204:
1199:
1189:Muraszombat
1173:Vas County:
1172:
1145:
1140:
1094:Bačka Topola
1033:
1004:
988:
984:
976:
973:Adolf Hitler
968:
960:
958:
943:
932:
927:
920:legal tender
889:
856:
838:
836:
829:
825:
794:
753:
727:
683:
630:Székely Land
599:
583:) and west (
553:
549:
547:
519:
516:Demographics
476:
450:
418:
397:
378:
373:
350:
342:puppet state
337:
327:
243:World War II
240:
15:
4145:28 November
2996:Braham 2000
2814:Mojzes 2011
2607:Mojzes 2011
2571:Jordan 2009
2419:Lemkin 2008
2395:Lemkin 2008
2293:Lemkin 2008
2281:Lemkin 2008
2239:Mojzes 2011
2145:(27 April).
2127:Neulen 2000
2100:Cseres 1991
2014:Wehler 1980
1912:Pogany 1997
1769:Lemkin 2008
1754:Lemkin 2008
1392:László Deák
1356:South Slavs
1231:Csáktornya
1221:Alsólendva
1166:Branjin Vrh
1162:Baranyavár
1074:Stari Bečej
1012:Bács-Bodrog
538:Montenegrin
463:signed the
457:World War I
283:World War I
182:Bács-Bodrog
127:Territories
4240:Annexation
4159:Categories
3082:Banac, Ivo
3029:References
2984:Klajn 2007
2945:Segel 2008
2933:Ramet 2006
2921:Ramet 2006
2850:Wolff 2000
2766:Klajn 2007
2754:Klajn 2007
2742:Klajn 2007
2730:Klajn 2007
2718:Klajn 2007
2706:Segel 2008
2643:Sajti 1987
2631:Banac 1988
2527:Ramet 2006
2500:Ramet 2006
2329:Ramet 2006
2139:Szabó 2005
2002:Klajn 2007
1990:Ramet 2006
1963:Klajn 2007
1936:Coppa 2006
1924:Frank 2001
1706:János Áder
1414:after the
1265:See also:
999:See also:
965:Nazi Party
803:capturing
642:Pál Teleki
534:Macedonian
429:Background
360:, and the
255:annexation
213:Population
165:Government
91:Yugoslavia
4111:0870-757X
4075:1331-5595
4046:0354-6497
3932:(1986) .
3507:298105335
3208:654722739
1739:Footnotes
1703:President
1675:Vojvodina
1648:from the
1616:Hungarian
1532:Auschwitz
1528:Bácsalmás
1467:Aftermath
1340:communist
995:Districts
981:Wehrmacht
845:Geography
817:Međimurje
813:Prekmurje
781:Hungarian
721:and near
707:April War
589:Prekmurje
585:Međimurje
389:Hungarian
290:Vojvodina
271:Prekmurje
267:Međimurje
257:, of the
224:1,145,000
154:Prekmurje
149:Međimurje
71:Prekmurje
67:Međimurje
4127:Websites
4029:Journals
4006:(2000).
3701:(2006).
3557:(2008).
3497:(1957).
3473:(2008).
3129:(2000).
3084:(1988).
2407:Cox 2005
1948:Eby 2007
1823:Bán 2004
1712:See also
1687:Slovenia
1557:Red Army
1439:Budapest
1344:Partisan
1130:Zsablya
1104:Novi Sad
1100:Újvidék
1090:Topolya
1080:Palánka
954:Bunjevci
939:Székelys
935:Délvidék
896:genocide
821:Belgrade
805:Vinkovci
797:Novi Sad
760:Srbobran
736:between
723:Subotica
690:Croatian
664:Invasion
640:, Count
624:and the
566:Slovenes
490:Salonika
415:Red Army
393:Délvidék
385:Šajkaška
370:Székelys
302:Slovenia
36:occupied
3861:(ed.).
1683:Croatia
1513:Gestapo
1396:Captain
1389:Colonel
1241:Perlak
1235:Čakovec
1225:Lendava
1120:Zombor
1070:Óbecse
1050:Hódság
1016:Baranya
908:Čakovec
809:Valjevo
749:Chetnik
738:Vukovar
606:Italian
581:Baranja
506:Romania
488:, lit.
451:At the
423:Austria
320:Chetnik
298:Croatia
263:Baranja
253:, then
241:During
186:Baranya
144:Baranja
79:Country
63:Baranja
44:Hungary
40:annexed
4109:
4086:Honvéd
4073:
4067:Zagreb
4065:(26).
4044:
4016:
3992:
3967:
3946:6 July
3918:
3896:
3877:
3873:–118.
3843:
3822:
3797:
3776:
3755:
3732:
3711:
3687:
3663:
3642:
3617:
3596:
3590:88–109
3567:
3543:
3524:
3505:
3483:
3459:
3440:
3417:
3396:
3375:
3354:
3333:
3314:
3288:
3267:
3246:
3225:
3206:
3181:
3160:
3139:
3115:
3094:
3070:
3051:
1679:Serbia
1412:Russia
1367:Šajkaš
1332:Pechuj
1324:Odžaci
1252:
1245:Prelog
1134:Žabalj
1124:Sombor
1110:Zenta
1054:Odžaci
801:Syrmia
773:MALERT
764:Sombor
734:Danube
719:Osijek
698:Ustaše
646:Greece
602:German
459:, the
412:Soviet
400:Allies
344:, the
332:, the
306:German
294:Serbia
245:, the
229:
133:Region
88:
4118:(PDF)
4097:. 3.
4091:(PDF)
3984:[
3879:47922
3814:[
3747:[
3634:[
3306:[
3198:[
3034:Books
1561:Banat
1342:-led
1328:Bečej
1320:Begeč
1114:Senta
864:Drava
756:Vrbas
742:Tisza
610:First
577:Bačka
526:Croat
494:Serbs
308:-led
259:Bačka
139:Bačka
59:Bačka
38:then
4147:2020
4107:ISSN
4071:ISSN
4063:XIII
4042:ISSN
4014:ISBN
3990:ISBN
3965:ISBN
3948:2013
3916:ISBN
3894:ISBN
3875:OCLC
3841:ISBN
3820:ISBN
3795:ISBN
3774:ISBN
3753:ISBN
3730:ISBN
3709:ISBN
3685:ISBN
3661:ISBN
3640:ISBN
3615:ISBN
3594:ISBN
3565:ISBN
3541:ISBN
3522:ISBN
3503:OCLC
3481:ISBN
3457:ISBN
3438:ISBN
3415:ISBN
3394:ISBN
3373:ISBN
3352:ISBN
3331:ISBN
3312:ISBN
3286:ISBN
3265:ISBN
3244:ISBN
3223:ISBN
3204:OCLC
3179:ISBN
3158:ISBN
3137:ISBN
3113:ISBN
3092:ISBN
3068:ISBN
3049:ISBN
1618:and
1446:Dr.
1404:Roma
1398:Dr.
1336:Baja
1334:and
1022:and
959:The
872:Mura
815:and
758:and
746:Serb
672:and
612:and
587:and
579:and
536:and
317:Serb
310:Axis
269:and
232:See
200:Area
190:Zala
69:and
61:and
4139:B92
4099:110
1312:Ada
1295:Bor
1020:Vas
194:Vas
42:by
4161::
4137:.
4101:.
4093:.
4057:.
3871:59
3592:.
2952:^
2913:^
2896:^
2881:^
2650:^
2563:^
2546:^
2507:^
2480:^
2453:^
2426:^
2387:^
2372:^
2273:^
2258:^
2225:^
2210:^
2119:^
2078:^
2045:^
1982:^
1955:^
1904:^
1885:^
1866:^
1803:^
1776:^
1761:^
1746:^
1689:.
1387:,
1326:,
1322:,
1318:,
1314:,
1018:,
1014:,
834:.
783::
725:.
692::
656:,
591:).
532:,
528:,
504:,
484::
391::
265:,
261:,
222:c.
192:,
188:,
184:,
73:).
4149:.
4077:.
4048:.
4022:.
3998:.
3973:.
3950:.
3924:.
3902:.
3881:.
3849:.
3828:.
3803:.
3782:.
3761:.
3738:.
3717:.
3693:.
3669:.
3648:.
3623:.
3602:.
3573:.
3549:.
3530:.
3509:.
3489:.
3465:.
3446:.
3423:.
3402:.
3381:.
3360:.
3339:.
3320:.
3294:.
3273:.
3252:.
3231:.
3210:.
3187:.
3166:.
3145:.
3121:.
3100:.
3076:.
3057:.
3022:.
779:(
688:(
604:–
480:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
