311:, Powell, wrote of Hilliard: " had come up to Oxford from Winchester, with a Balliol Exhibition, and an unmanageable burden of good looks. Handsome, nice mannered, mild in demeanour, Hilliard, at first meeting, conveyed not the smallest suggestion of his capacity for falling into trouble. The variety of ways in which he got on the wrong side of the authorities during his period of residence (prematurely cut short) was both contrarious and phenomenal. He was one of the nicest of men, in certain moods content to live a quiet even humdrum existence; at other times behaving with a minimum of discretion, altogether disregarding the traditional recommendation that, if you can't be good, be careful. A vignette that remains in my mind of this early Balliol period is of being woken up one night to find Hilliard and Ponsonby standing by my bedside. Without a word, one of them held out a brimming glass of sparkling burgundy. I drained it, equally in silence." Later, on 19 September 1982, reading the obituary of
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81:, many of his contemporary fellow students followed soon and the club started to change. From a place to discuss philosophy it became a place to drink and party. As Waugh remembered later it was a "process of invasion and occupation by a group of wanton Etonians who brought it to speedy dissolution". Waugh's excess drinking life habit started with the club, "It was at the university that I took to drink, discovering in a crude way the contrasting pleasures of intoxication and discrimination. Of the two, for many years, I preferred the former." A servant at the club would say: "They call themselves an artists’ club but all they draw is corks!"
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364:, that "the two centres of my social life that remain most vividly in my mind are the Hypocrites' Club and Offal luncheons. The Hypocrites' Club was founded by a number of those who liked the less conventional ways, in refuge from the regular dining clubs such as the Gridiron or Vincent's, which were both too expensive and, in our opinion, too starchy. It consisted of a number of bare, uncarpeted rooms in a couple of houses beyond Christ Church and just short of Folly Bridge."
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73:, nicknamed the "Widow" after the shaving lotion "The Widow Lloyd's Euxesis". Wanting to avoid dining in hall, Lloyd and his friends got together to raise the money necessary to rent two large rooms and a kitchen over a bicycle shop, formerly a medieval house, at 31 St Aldate's (other sources said 34 or 131). The rooms were reached through a narrow staircase. They also paid for the part-time services of a cook and a servant-cum-barman. After
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295:, and Kathleen Margaret Alexander Arden (1877-1939). He had three sisters, Heather Evelyn (b. 1899), Barbara Joyce (b. 1902), and Margaret Lilian Kathleen (b. 1907). In 1939 his mother Kathleen Hilliard committed suicide jumping from the roof of a private nursing home where she was treated for mental illness. Hilliard was an undergraduate at Balliol College with
275:
naked photo of himself, leaning against a rock face, with arms outstretched, buttocks in full view, and with the text explaining the best way to drink wine: "You must tab a peach and peel it, and put it in a finger bowl, and pour the
Burgundy over. The flavour is exquisite. With love from Alastair and his poor dead heart."
972:
729:), Archibald Gordon and Sibbald Malcolm. The absurd plot was about the Pope (Guy Hemingway) trying to convert England to Catholicism using Sligger (the Dean of Balliol, Evelyn Waugh). Greenidge, his brother John, Waugh and Sutro put 5 pounds (ÂŁ360 in 2023 sterlings) each and bought a camera. Filming mostly took place in
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as a protest. Some members dressed in feminine apparel - Arden
Hilliard masqueraded as a nun - and there was also a choirboy with lips painted vermillion. That night Hilliard went through the gate of Balliol in his nun costume and was promptly dismissed by the college - where his father was Bursar.
238:
to the Club during Powell's first week in residence; while Powell was hardly able to finish a pint of the club's potent dark beer, Duggan drank a tankard of burgundy, his usual lunch-time tipple. Duggan was in his second year at
Balliol College and was the son of an alcoholic, on the way to becoming
586:
were gay, but most were not. But in any case there was a notice on the wall saying "Gentlemen may prance but not dance." At the time undergraduate students were forbidden to drink in pubs and practicing homosexuality was illegal, therefore clubs like the
Hypocrites' were places to do both in a safe
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as Waugh's friend of heart. Waugh called him Hamish Lennox in his writings, and said that " had no repugnance to the bottle and we drank deep together. At times he was as gay as any
Hypocrite, but there were always hints of the spirit that in later years has made him a recluse." Graham sent Waugh a
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under the name of
Richard Wyndham, issued invitations to a "remarkable" dinner that reads: "To Welcome Home Aginejok. Richard Wyndham invites you to a Dinka Dinner to be held in the Bahr-el-Ghazal Room, Savoy Hotel, at 8.0 p.m. on September 2nd. It is hoped that after-dinner speakers will stand on
446:
wrote: "Coming from different colleges, we used to lunch or dine several times a week at this inexpensive and ill-furnished club over a bicycle shop near Folly Bridge. The premises, reputed to be Tudor, were certainly very rickety. The membership, equally irregular, was in process of changing from
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revisited the club location with Waugh, but Waugh "hated 31 St. Aldate's for its discomfort and its associations". Later however, in his autobiography, Waugh would write that the club had been the "source of friendships still warm today." The
Hypocrites Club's premises are now social housing.
733:'s garden at Hampstead with few other locations in London and Oxford. Most of the actors came from the Hypocrites' Club, other than Waugh's brother, Alec, and Elsa Lanchester, not yet a professional actress and managing a night club in Charlotte Street, London. Her pay was a ÂŁ4 dinner.
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wrote "They are rather alarming. They have succeeded in picking up a whole series of intellectual catch-phrases with which they proceed to dazzle their friends and frighten their acquaintances: and they are the only people I have ever met who have reduced rudeness to a fine art." Sir
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Railway Club at Oxford. Left to right, back: Henry Yorke, Roy Harrod, Henry
Weymouth, David Plunket Greene, Harry Stavordale, Brian Howard. Middle row: Michael Rosse, John Sutro, Hugh Lygon, Harold Acton, Bryan Guinness, Patrick Balfour, Mark Ogilvie-Grant, Johnny Drury-Lowe; front:
341:. After World War II, according to Powell, he took "an erratically charted course that had something of Jude the Obscure in reverse; erstwhile scholar who transformed himself into a rustic swain." Hilliard moved to Sussex and became the area secretary of the
978:
Richard
Plunket Greene, first from the left, Olivia Plunket Greene, second from left, David Plunket Greene, holding the dog, Terence Lucy Greenidge, smoking, second from right, Elizabeth Frances Russell, first from the right, Evelyn Waugh, sitting
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environment. Waugh would remember that the club became "notorious not only for drunkenness but for flamboyance of dress and manner which was in some cases patently homosexual". The "gay set" of the
Hypocrites' Club listed Arden Hilliard,
1979:
Translation: For example, another of my friends, Arden Hilliard, made a provocatorial act crossing the imposing portal of Balliol disguised as a nun to go to the costume ball of the club of Hypocrites. He was promptly
391:
tells the story of a Balliol aesthete called Michael Dugdale who used to walk into Brasenose College, dominated by the Hearts, with a stick and limping, in the hope that the Hearts would be too sporting to attack him.
315:, Powell remembered how at Oxford he always avoided him; Hilliard and Ponsonby instead engaged with Bowle, shortly after dropping him when his bad temper came out. In 1926 Hilliard undertook a trip to Corsica with
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Waugh's revenge for the closure of the Club was to enter Balliol late at night and shout in the quad, "The Dean of Balliol sleeps with men!". Balliol College and the Hypocrites' Club were the epicentres of what
819:
one leg." Aginejok was the native name for the friendly district commissioner who had been his host in the Sudan. Among the invited guests many were former Hypocrites or friends of them. They were:
529:. That night Waugh got into Balliol and was let out of a window for having mocked Hilliard and Powell. It was to this visit that Waugh later attributed his "decline" into alcohol.
657:
251:
to the club. Driberg remembered "dancing with John F., while Evelyn and another rolled on a sofa with (as one of them said later) their 'tongues licking each other's tonsils'."
801:'s biographer James Knox described Richard and his brother David as a "wildly irresponsible pair who had never experienced any form of parental control." In September 1924
912:
462:. As an undergraduate he was a member of the Hypocrites Club. There is a photograph of Evans-Pritchard at a fancy-dress party in which he is in Arab dress looking like
2109:
547:, a freshman. It was Ziman who later put Powell in contact with American publisher Ken Giniger, who wanted to produce a picture-book of Powell's series of novels,
447:
shove-halfpenny playing Bohemians to fancy-dress wearing aesthetes. One of the rowdiest members was Evelyn Waugh, one of the most sophisticated Harold Acton."
407:
remembered him carrying a teddy bear. Greenidge, while admiring Hugh's classical good looks, charm and elegance, said he was "rather empty." Lygon, along with
574:
recalled that "whenever the police raided the Hypocrites' Club or the Coconut Club, the '43 or the Blue Lantern there would always be Harrovians there."
403:, the third love-interest of Waugh at Oxford, was as hard-drinking and self-destructive as Waugh and Graham. Lygon moved round Oxford like a lost boy.
765:
were forbidden by the university authorities stage an 1840s Exhibition event. On 8 March 1924 a Victorian fancy dress party was hosted at the club by
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called "that scintillating generation... a mixture of the socially sophisticated and the enviably gifted... notably Twentyish and also alarming."
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wrote to him complaining he had revealed his homosexuality, while omitting Byron's, Balfour's, Howard's and Lygon's promiscuities.
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692:. The members of the Railway Club dined in black-tie aboard the Penzance-Aberdeen express between Oxford and Leicester.
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let Waugh have rooms in the Spreadeagle at Thame at a special midweek rate so that he and Lygon could meet in private.
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725:, the same Terence Greenidge, Septimus Nixon (real name Guy Hemingway), Derek Erskine, Michael Murgatroyd (real name
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is Evelyn Waugh's only movie and was never shown in public; it had private screenings in London and Oxford.
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of Campion Hall, a Catholic house in the University of Oxford, saw it and "laughed till his tears flowed".
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345:. Hilliard died on 30 August 1976. At the time of his death he was living at Sinnock Square, High Street,
1278:
Treachery: Betrayals, Blunders, and Cover-ups: Six Decades of Espionage Against America and Great Britain
432:
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In 1936, Major Guy Richard Charles Wyndham (1896 - 19 May 1948), who wrote the autobiographical novel
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505:. After Waugh left Oxford he kept going back, and on 12 November 1924 he accepted a lunch date with
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509:, that was indeed a surprise party at which Sutro invited all of Waugh's "old friends":
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joined the club to continue to drink after the pubs and bars had closed. He introduced
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497:, eccentrics and crazy, romantically he was attracted to fragile, beautiful boys like
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in September 1924. The cast members were: the same Evelyn Waugh, Arden Hilliard,
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and Pierse Synnott. He was in particular friend of Ponsonby. In his autobiography
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says it "became a legend rather than an experience" for most of Waugh's friends.
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Oxford 1919-1939: Un creuset intellectuel ou les métamorphoses d'une génération
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was a sighting of him at the Hypocrites sitting on the knee of another member,
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419:, was one of the most sexually active of the Hypocrites. After Waugh published
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867:. The dinner was so remarkable that it is remembered in at least two memoirs:
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was the president of the club and Waugh was the secretary. Members included:
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The club was finally closed down sometime after this party by the dean of
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The club's mischief began to be noticed by the Oxford authorities when
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Arden Hilliard was born in 1904, the son of Edward Hilliard, Bursar of
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223:, joined because it provided him a haven for like-minded "aesthetes."
61:, due to the fact that beer, wine and spirits were the chosen drinks.
1770:
Gallagher, Donat; Slater, Ann Pasternak; Wilson, John Howard (2011).
1173:
Gallagher, Donat; Slater, Ann Pasternak; Wilson, John Howard (2011).
883:
The members of the club became the main inspiration of Waugh's novel
489:
for not having had a homosexual phase. Though Waugh was friends with
21:
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lived an aesthetic and bohemian life, a reaction to the horrors of
1315:. London, LND, GBN: New English Library (Four Square). p. 260
283:
38:
658:
Edward Henry Charles James Fox-Strangways, 7th Earl of Ilchester
431:, one of the few women undergraduates at Oxford, remembered how
863:, Major W. R. Barker, Capt. J. S. Poole, Capt. F. O. Cave, and
50:
1210:
Literary Converts: Spiritual Inspiration in an Age of Unbelief
757:, gave a supper party on the roof of a church. In early 1924,
793:
The premises of the club were then rented by former member
196:
Oxford aesthete, he belongs to the Hypocrites' Club with
1739:
The Brideshead Generation: Evelyn Waugh and His Friends
1467:
To Keep the Ball Rolling: The Memoirs of Anthony Powell
1702:
The Slain God: Anthropologists and the Christian Faith
1244:
The Slain God: Anthropologists and the Christian Faith
1769:
1401:
Mad World: Evelyn Waugh and the Secrets of Brideshead
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566:
Many who joined the club were previously students at
219:, who was the resident entertainer singing Victorian
466:. Evans-Pritchard later became an anthropologist.
1536:"SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE; 15 APRIL, 1941"
1773:A Handful of Mischief: New Essays on Evelyn Waugh
1610:Bright Young Things: Life in the Roaring Twenties
1176:A Handful of Mischief: New Essays on Evelyn Waugh
2081:
1089:
1087:
991:(Alexander) Gavin Henderson, 2nd Baron Faringdon
380:, mostly sons of noblemen and aspiring writers.
327:'s villa. Hilliard then took up farming. During
2110:Clubs and societies of the University of Oxford
1470:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 86–87.
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25:One of the Hypocrites' Club fancy dress parties
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1026:Hellfire: Evelyn Waugh and the Hypocrites Club
703:The Scarlet Woman: An Ecclesiastical Melodrama
537:H. D. Ziman became the literary editor of the
331:Hilliard became a captain of infantry. He was
1433:"Charles Holt Caldicott – 1871-1959 – Doctor"
1281:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 27.
1731:
1729:
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831:, R. J. Brock, Arden Hilliard, E. A. Boyce,
1989:
1491:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
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69:The Hypocrites Club was founded in 1921 by
2052:A. J. A. Symons: His Life and Speculations
1953:
1875:Scarlet Woman: An Ecclesiastical Melodrama
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873:A. J. A. Symons: His Life and Speculations
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1459:
1457:
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1449:
1340:. Gerald Duckworth & Co. p. 49.
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2055:. Oxford University Press. p. 206.
1813:. Oxford University Press. p. 502.
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450:
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2027:Tom Driberg: his life and indiscretions
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1371:Tom Driberg: his life and indiscretions
1302:
1274:
1247:. Oxford University Press. p. 85.
1022:
1003:
869:Tom Driberg: his life and indiscretions
556:
543:and was in his fourth year when he met
254:
57:. This led to the members being called
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857:Desmond Flower, 10th Viscount Ashbrook
717:, John Greenidge (Terence's brother),
628:A contemporary club at Oxford was the
582:Some of the members of the club, like
335:on 15 April 1941 in the Supplement of
2023:
1810:A History of Harrow School, 1324-1991
1644:The Oxford Union: Playground of Power
1572:, p. 906. Retrieved 28 February 2018.
1397:
1386:
1367:
1095:"AP The Anthony Powell Newsletter 65"
352:
2105:Organizations disestablished in 1925
695:
343:People's Dispensary for Sick Animals
126:Gavin Henderson, 2nd Baron Faringdon
1844:Brian Howard: Portrait of a Failure
1841:Lancaster, Marie-Jaqueline (2005).
1776:. Fairleigh Dickinson. p. 43.
1179:. Fairleigh Dickinson. p. 47.
1133:Edward Burra: Twentieth-century Eye
918:William Howard, 8th Earl of Wicklow
755:William Howard, 8th Earl of Wicklow
287:Arden Hilliard, first from the left
98:William Howard, 8th Earl of Wicklow
13:
1993:Cyril Connolly: journal and memoir
1960:. Editions Autrement. p. 44.
1742:. Faber & Faber. p. 139.
861:Patrick Balfour, 3rd Baron Kinross
678:Patrick Balfour, 3rd Baron Kinross
666:Michael Parsons, 6th Earl of Rosse
650:Henry Thynne, 6th Marquess of Bath
413:Patrick Balfour, 3rd Baron Kinross
14:
2121:
2100:Organizations established in 1921
2030:. Chatto & Windus. p. 88
1374:. Chatto & Windus. p. 31
1029:. The History Press. p. 55.
727:William Lygon, 8th Earl Beauchamp
438:
278:
90:William Lygon, 8th Earl Beauchamp
984:
971:
959:
954:Robert Byron and Desmond Parsons
947:
935:
923:
911:
899:
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561:
226:
33:was one of the student clubs at
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2017:
1983:
1947:
1917:
1887:
1868:
1847:. Timewell Press. p. 122.
1797:
1763:
1668:
1634:
1557:
1528:
1425:
1361:
1213:. Ignatius Press. p. 145.
1023:Fleming, David (October 2022).
674:Bryan Guinness, 2nd Baron Moyne
614:
469:
367:
211:
175:
2095:1925 establishments in England
2090:1921 establishments in England
1954:Du Sorbier, Françoise (1991).
1680:. AMS Press. 1970. p. 177
1570:"Notices Under the Trustee Act
1327:
1312:George: An Early Autobiography
1268:
1234:
1200:
1123:
532:
376:and his friends were known as
242:
77:was introduced to the club by
1:
1507:. Random House. p. 198.
1136:. Jonathan Cape. p. 90.
1056:: CS1 maint: date and year (
996:
942:Robert Byron and Harold Acton
395:
1736:Carpenter, Humphrey (2013).
1613:. Random House. p. 22.
1582:Hollis, Christopher (1958).
809:
550:A Dance to the Music of Time
71:John Davies Knatchbull Lloyd
7:
1990:Pryce-Jones, David (1983).
1677:Anthony Powell: A Symposium
10:
2126:
1925:"The Scarlet Woman (1924)"
1705:. OUP Oxford. p. 85.
892:
748:
84:
64:
1647:. Macdonald. p. 49.
1309:Williams, Emlyn (1965) .
1275:Pincher, Chapman (2009).
878:
1699:Larsen, Timothy (2014).
1607:Maloney, Alison (2012).
1588:. Harrap. pp. 60–62
1501:Powell, Anthony (2015).
1464:Powell, Anthony (2001).
1334:Barber, Michael (2005).
1241:Larsen, Timothy (2014).
1130:Stevenson, Jane (2007).
477:'s first encounter with
309:To Keep the Ball Rolling
247:Evelyn Waugh introduced
2049:Symons, Julian (1986).
2024:Wheen, Francis (1990).
1996:. Collins. p. 62.
1585:Along the Road to Frome
1368:Wheen, Francis (1990).
1207:Pearce, Joseph (2006).
776:Balliol College, Oxford
743:Father C. C. Martindale
362:Along the Road to Frome
333:Mentioned in dispatches
293:Balliol College, Oxford
1929:British Film Institute
1899:British Film Institute
1641:Walter, David (1984).
795:Richard Plunket Greene
707:Terence Lucy Greenidge
625:
601:John "The Widow" Lloyd
491:Terence Lucy Greenidge
405:Terence Lucy Greenidge
360:wrote in his memoirs,
288:
264:
134:Terence Lucy Greenidge
79:Terence Lucy Greenidge
26:
1398:Byrne, Paula (2011).
622:
525:, Arden Hilliard and
485:. Waugh later teased
456:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
451:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
286:
262:
188:in his autobiography
146:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
24:
1805:Tyerman, Christopher
886:Brideshead Revisited
803:Alastair Hugh Graham
654:David Plunket Greene
557:Elements of the club
499:Alastair Hugh Graham
268:Alastair Hugh Graham
263:Alastair Hugh Graham
255:Alastair Hugh Graham
142:Alastair Hugh Graham
130:David Plunket Greene
1568:(20 January 1977).
849:Sacheverell Sitwell
640:. Members included
325:W. Somerset Maugham
323:who was staying at
192:(1961) said: "He's
16:Oxford student club
1935:on 28 January 2018
1905:on 22 January 2018
1880:2016-03-05 at the
1565:The London Gazette
1543:The London Gazette
1111:on 16 January 2018
966:Mark Ogilvie-Grant
833:St John Hutchinson
780:"Sligger" Urquhart
682:Mark Ogilvie-Grant
626:
597:Mark Ogilvie-Grant
515:Mark Ogilvie-Grant
483:Christopher Hollis
429:Tamara Talbot Rice
358:Christopher Hollis
353:Christopher Hollis
338:The London Gazette
289:
265:
170:Christopher Hollis
124:; Arden Hilliard;
122:Mark Ogilvie-Grant
27:
1404:. HarperCollins.
825:Montague Shearman
816:The Gentle Savage
739:Christopher Sykes
735:The Scarlet Woman
709:, and written by
697:The Scarlet Woman
636:and dominated by
487:Christopher Sykes
421:A Little Learning
383:The Isis Magazine
313:John Edward Bowle
35:Oxford University
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1931:. Archived from
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1901:. Archived from
1895:"Arden Hilliard"
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788:James Lees-Milne
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700:
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228:
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460:World War I
372:At Oxford,
249:Tom Driberg
243:Tom Driberg
166:Tom Driberg
2084:Categories
2068:28 January
2034:28 January
2009:21 January
1980:dismissed.
1973:27 January
1939:27 January
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1860:20 January
1826:21 January
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1378:21 January
1353:28 January
1294:21 January
1260:21 January
1226:21 January
1192:21 January
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997:References
906:Hugh Lygon
723:John Sutro
719:Alec Waugh
670:Hugh Lygon
646:Roy Harrod
634:John Sutro
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519:Hugh Lygon
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401:Hugh Lygon
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810:Aftermath
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