1983:
Research has shown that the use of fragmentation can be leveraged to evade network security controls. As a result, in 2014 the earlier allowance for overflowing the IPv6 header chain beyond the first fragment became forbidden in order to avoid some very pathological fragmentation cases. Additionally,
1975:
after it becomes apparent that the reassembled packet would be larger than 1,500 bytes. Therefore, senders should avoid sending fragmented IP datagrams with a total reassembled size larger than 1,500 bytes, unless they have knowledge that the receiver is capable of reassembling such large datagrams.
432:
A high-entropy identifier of a flow of packets between a source and destination. A flow is a group of packets, e.g., a TCP session or a media stream. The special flow label 0 means the packet does not belong to any flow (using this scheme). An older scheme identifies flow by source address and port,
746:
following this one, not even a header of an upper-layer protocol. It means that, from the header's point of view, the IPv6 packet ends right after it: the payload should be empty. There could, however, still be data in the payload if the payload length in the first header of the packet is greater
1974:
Receiving hosts must make a best-effort attempt to reassemble fragmented IP datagrams that, after reassembly, contain up to 1500 bytes. Hosts are permitted to make an attempt to reassemble fragmented datagrams larger than 1,500 bytes, but they are also permitted to silently discard any datagram
764:
extension header needs to be examined by the destination node(s) only. The extension headers are both at least 8 octets in size; if more options are present than will fit in that space, blocks of 8 octets, containing options and padding, are added to the header repeatedly until all options are
1877:
extension header containing a zero Offset, then all the remaining original extension headers, then the original upper-layer header (alternatively the ESP header), and a piece of the original payload. Each subsequent packet consists of three parts: the per-fragment headers, followed by the
1958:
If not all fragments are received within 60 seconds after receiving the first packet with a fragment, reassembly of the original packet is abandoned and all fragments are discarded. If the first fragment was received (which contains the fixed header) and one or more others are missing, a
1970:
When reassembling node detects a fragment that overlaps with another fragment, the reassembly of the original packet is aborted and all fragments are dropped. A node may optionally ignore the exact duplicates of a fragment instead of treating exact duplicates as overlapping each other.
529:
field of the last extension header indicates the type of the upper-layer protocol header in the payload of the packet. All extension headers are a multiple of 8 octets in size; some extension headers require internal padding to meet this requirement.
461:
protocol used by a packet's payload. When extension headers are present in the packet this field indicates which extension header follows. The values are shared with those used for the IPv4 protocol field, as both fields have the same function (see
1863:
Any data link layer conveying IPv6 data must be capable of transmitting an IP packet containing up to 1,280 bytes, thus the sending endpoint may limit its packets to 1,280 bytes and avoid any need for fragmentation or Path MTU Discovery.
422:(DS field), which is used to classify packets. Currently, all standard DS fields end with a '0' bit. Any DS field that ends with two '1' bits is intended for local or experimental use. The remaining two bits are used for
1789:
include fields limited to 16 bits (length, urgent data pointer), support for IPv6 jumbograms requires modifications to the transport layer protocol implementation. Jumbograms are only relevant for links that have a
476:
field in IPv4. This value is decremented by one at each forwarding node and the packet is discarded if it becomes 0. However, the destination node should process the packet normally even if received with a hop limit of
1872:
A packet containing the first fragment of an original (larger) packet consists of five parts: the per-fragment headers (the crucial original headers that are repeatedly used in each fragment), followed by the
759:
extension header may be examined and altered by all nodes on the packet's path, including sending and receiving nodes. (For authentication, option values that may change along the path are ignored.) The
1853:
to determine the maximum size of packets to send, and the upper-layer protocol is expected to limit the payload size. If the upper-layer protocol is unable to do so, the sending host may use the
1943:
The per-fragment headers were historically called the "unfragmentable part", referring to pre-2014 possibility of fragmenting the rest of the header. Now no headers are actually fragmentable.
537:
can be processed and modified by intermediate nodes and, if present, must be the first extension. All extension headers are optional and should appear at most once, except for the
533:
There are several extension headers defined, and new extension headers may be defined in the future. Most extension headers are examined and processed at the packet's destination.
1014:
extension header is used to direct a packet to one or more intermediate nodes before being sent to its destination. The header is at least 8 octets in size; if more
1955:
extension headers of the packets that carried them. Packets containing fragments need not arrive in sequence; they will be rearranged by the receiving node.
555:
The defined extension headers below are listed in the preferred order for the case where there is more than one extension header following the fixed header.
1951:
The original packet is reassembled by the receiving node by collecting all fragments and placing each fragment at its indicated offset and discarding the
3202:
997:
Contains one or more options, and optional padding fields to align options and to make the total header length a multiple of 8 octets. Options are
3197:
1711:
along the path from sender to receiver), to avoid having to fragment packets. Most link-layer protocols have MTUs considerably smaller than
3244:
426:(ECN); priority values subdivide into ranges: traffic where the source provides congestion control and non-congestion control traffic.
3292:
3192:
517:
information and are placed between the fixed header and the upper-layer protocol header. Extension headers form a chain, using the
3271:
1897:
extension header exists, the per-fragment headers include the fixed header and all the extension headers up to and including the
747:
than the length of all extension headers in the packet. This data should be ignored by hosts, but passed unaltered by routers.
121:
423:
3054:
3000:
2946:
2891:
2846:
2804:
2763:
2476:
1285:
could be launched, this header was deprecated in 2007 and host and routers are required to ignore these headers.
3123:
1646:
501:
technology and transport layer protocols are assumed to provide sufficient error detection, the header has no
1782:
1667:
419:
3254:
3249:
2759:
An IPv6 Routing Header for Source Routes with the
Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL)
2617:
982:
564:
463:
24:
1629:
Packet identification value, generated by the source node. Needed for reassembly of the original packet.
3264:
2304:
1018:
is needed than will fit in 4 octets, blocks of 8 octets are added to the header repeatedly, until all
124:(IANA) has been responsible for registering all IPv6 parameters that are used in IPv6 packet headers.
3259:
3223:
3164:
1989:
1832:
1791:
1708:
1402:
extension header carries the information necessary to reassemble the original (unfragmented) packet.
1395:
998:
443:
The size of the payload in octets, including any extension headers. The length is set to zero when a
102:
1984:
as a result of research on the evasion of Router
Advertisement Guard, the use of fragmentation with
1282:
2368:
544:
If a node does not recognize a specific extension header, it should discard the packet and send a
437:
field). It has further been suggested that the flow label be used to help detect spoofed packets.
3218:
2369:
Use of the IPv6 Flow Label as a
Transport-Layer Nonce to Defend Against Off-Path Spoofing Attacks
2084:
1611:
Offset, in 8-octet units, relative to the start of the fragmentable part of the original packet.
1786:
1671:
695:
1740:
extension header, allows the exchange of packets with payloads of up to one octet less than 4
1703:
octets for the payload. In practice, hosts determine the maximum usable payload length using
1640:
1940:. Each fragment's length is a multiple of 8 octets, except, potentially, the last fragment.
1893:
extension header. If neither exists, the per-fragment part is just the fixed header. If the
1882:
extension header, and by a part of the original payload as identified by a
Fragment Offset.
3076:
3022:
2968:
2911:
2866:
2826:
2777:
2736:
2690:
2592:
2548:
2498:
2448:
2406:
2336:
2254:
2217:
2162:
2104:
2058:
1905:
extension header exists, the per-fragment headers consist of only the fixed header and the
35:
of user data. The control information in IPv6 packets is subdivided into a mandatory fixed
2797:
S. Previdi; J. Leddy; S. Matsushima; D. Voyer (March 2020). C. Filsfils; D. Dukes (eds.).
1678:
field of the last IPv6 header indicates what type of payload is contained in this packet.
742:
Value 59 (No Next Header) in the Next Header field indicates that there is no next header
8:
1760:
32:
2642:
639:
624:
3116:
2090:
Definition of the
Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers
1985:
1850:
1828:
1774:
octets), by making use of a 32-bit length field. Packets with such payloads are called
1704:
141:
114:
98:
79:
75:
36:
1633:
1245:
The length of this header, in multiples of 8 octets, not including the first 8 octets.
3132:
3068:
3014:
2960:
2818:
2490:
2328:
1727:
1419:
1379:
Number of nodes this packet still has to visit before reaching its final destination.
1039:
786:
158:
133:
106:
105:(MTU), it is the sole responsibility of the originating node. A minimum MTU of 1,280
3058:
3004:
2950:
2901:
2856:
2808:
2767:
2726:
2680:
2582:
2538:
2480:
2438:
2396:
2318:
2244:
2207:
2152:
2094:
2048:
1812:
extension header). Only a few link-layer protocols can process packets larger than
1808:
octets for the payload, plus 40 octets for the fixed header, plus 8 octets for the
91:
3180:
633:
Contains information used to verify the authenticity of most parts of the packet
458:
44:
3092:
3088:
3079:
3048:
3034:
3025:
2994:
2980:
2971:
2940:
2923:
2914:
2895:
2878:
2869:
2850:
2829:
2798:
2780:
2757:
2739:
2720:
2706:
2702:
2693:
2674:
2604:
2595:
2576:
2551:
2532:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2501:
2470:
2451:
2432:
2418:
2409:
2390:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2339:
2308:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2257:
2238:
2220:
2201:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2165:
2146:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2107:
2088:
2070:
2061:
2038:
525:
field in the fixed header indicates the type of the first extension header; the
2278:
1885:
The per-fragment headers are determined based on whether the original contains
1695:
514:
418:
The bits of this field hold two values. The six most-significant bits hold the
110:
48:
28:
3101:
1835:(MTU) of the destination link are dropped and this condition is signaled by a
3297:
3286:
3109:
3072:
3018:
2964:
2822:
2494:
2386:
2332:
2034:
39:
and optional extension headers. The payload of an IPv6 packet is typically a
3154:
1967:
type 3, code 1) is returned to the node originating the fragmented packet.
484:
473:
1936:(indicating more fragments follow), except the last, whose flag is set to
2302:
1312:
991:
Length of this header in 8-octet units, not including the first 8 octets.
679:
600:
3050:
Security
Implications of IPv6 Fragmentation with IPv6 Neighbor Discovery
1694:) has a size of 16 bits, capable of specifying a maximum length of
457:
Specifies the type of the next header. This field usually specifies the
2796:
2203:
Experimental Values in IPv4, IPv6, ICMPv4, ICMPv6, UDP, and TCP Headers
1842:
message to the originating node, similarly to the IPv4 method when the
1281:
Due to the fact that with
Routing Header type 0 a simple but effective
664:
Options that need to be examined only by the destination of the packet
498:
66:
IPv6 packets are typically transmitted over the link layer (i.e., over
56:
3063:
3009:
2955:
2906:
2861:
2813:
2772:
2731:
2685:
2587:
2543:
2485:
2443:
2401:
2323:
2249:
2212:
2157:
2099:
2053:
1775:
2996:
Implementation Advice for IPv6 Router
Advertisement Guard (RA-Guard)
2718:
2755:
2469:
T. Heer; P. Jokela; T. Henderson (April 2015). R. Moskowitz (ed.).
1744:
1634:
Authentication Header (AH) and
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)
502:
67:
40:
16:
Smallest message entity exchanged using
Internet Protocol version 6
2082:
1691:
1843:
493:
The IPv6 unicast or multicast address of the destination node(s).
2672:
31:
consist of control information for addressing and routing and a
3239:
2640:
2236:
1964:
1839:
1831:
never fragment IPv6 packets. Packets exceeding the size of the
654:
575:
549:
52:
2618:"Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Parameters: Routing Types"
1912:
In any case, the last header of the per-fragment part has its
2434:
Technical Criteria for Choosing IP The Next Generation (IPng)
1651:
1297:
750:
712:
71:
2578:
Assigning Experimental and Testing Numbers Considered Useful
2468:
2384:
2240:
The Addition of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to IP
584:
Options that need to be examined by all devices on the path
132:
The fixed header starts an IPv6 packet and has a size of 40
3149:
3135:
2649:
2621:
2314:
2044:
1252:
87:
83:
60:
1666:, the data provided by the transport layer, for example a
1326:
RPL Source Route Header for low-power and lossy networks.
433:
destination address and port, protocol (value of the last
3185:
2938:
2430:
1441:
1398:, the sending node splits the packet into fragments. The
1363:
May be used for testing, not for actual implementations.
1348:
May be used for testing, not for actual implementations.
1315:, where it can hold the home address of the mobile node.
1061:
808:
180:
137:
2756:
J. Hui; JP. Vasseur; D. Culler; V. Manral (March 2012).
2719:
I. Castineyra; N. Chiappa; M. Steenstrup (August 1996).
1662:
The fixed and optional IPv6 headers are followed by the
1394:
In order to send a packet that is larger than the path
599:
Methods to specify the route for a datagram (used with
2673:
J. Abley; P. Savola; G. Neville-Neil (December 2007).
2237:
K. Ramakrishnan; S. Floyd; D. Black (September 2001).
78:. Packets may also be transported over a higher-layer
2530:
1623:
1 means more fragments follow; 0 means last fragment.
2610:
497:
In order to increase performance, and since current
117:
to take advantage of MTUs greater than the minimum.
2033:
618:Contains parameters for fragmentation of datagrams
1849:is set. End nodes in IPv6 are expected to perform
3203:Comparison of IPv6 support in common applications
2534:Shim6: Level 3 Multihoming Shim Protocol for IPv6
2040:Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification
1988:is deprecated, and the use of fragmentation with
1385:Data that belongs to this type of routing header.
140:). The bytes of the multi-byte fields are in the
3284:
648:Carries encrypted data for secure communication
3198:Comparison of IPv6 support in operating systems
3131:
2148:New Terminology and Clarifications for DiffServ
23:is the smallest message entity exchanged using
2939:F. Gont; V. Manral; R. Bonica (January 2014).
2641:Philippe Biondi, Arnoud Ebalard (April 2007).
1654:and are used identically in IPv6 and in IPv4.
1614:Reserved2 (Res): 2 bits; Res == 0
3117:
2676:Deprecation of Type 0 Routing Headers in IPv6
2431:C. Partridge; F. Kastenholz (December 1994).
101:do not fragment IPv6 packets larger than the
2942:Implications of Oversized IPv6 Header Chains
1311:A limited version of type 0 and is used for
2144:
3124:
3110:
2934:
2932:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2307:; S. Jiang; J. Rajahalme (November 2011).
2029:
2027:
2025:
1681:
1251:A value between 0 and 255, as assigned by
751:Hop-by-hop options and destination options
541:header extension, which may appear twice.
3062:
3008:
2954:
2905:
2860:
2812:
2771:
2730:
2684:
2586:
2574:
2542:
2484:
2442:
2400:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2322:
2248:
2211:
2199:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2156:
2098:
2052:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
3193:World IPv6 Day and World IPv6 Launch Day
2472:Host Identity Protocol Version 2 (HIPv2)
3272:Site Multihoming by IPv6 Intermediation
3046:
3040:
2992:
2986:
2929:
2890:
2884:
2845:
2839:
2790:
2749:
2712:
2666:
2561:
2524:
2462:
1602:Reserved: 8 bits; Reserved == 0
1599:Identifies the type of the next header.
672:(currently without upper-layer header)
74:), which encapsulates each packet in a
3285:
2373:
2296:
2230:
2188:
2138:
2076:
2002:
1296:Used for the Nimrod project funded by
1239:Indicates the type of the next header.
1210:
952:
371:
334:
3105:
2531:E. Nordmark; M. Bagnulo (June 2009).
736:Used for experimentation and testing
725:Used for experimentation and testing
1212:Optional: more type-specific data...
640:Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)
508:
1242:Header extension length: 8 bits
988:Header extension length: 8 bits
122:Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
13:
2459:sec. 2.6.
954:Optional: more Options and padding
113:are "strongly recommended" to use
14:
3309:
2897:IP Encapsulating Security Payload
2800:IPv6 Segment Routing Header (SRH)
1732:An optional feature of IPv6, the
1687:
1566:
994:Options and padding: variable
513:Extension headers carry optional
490:Destination Address: 128 bits
47:protocol, but may be data for an
3293:Packets (information technology)
2424:
1822:
1728:Jumbogram § IPv6 jumbograms
1617:Reserved; initialized to zeroes.
1382:Type-specific Data: variable
424:Explicit Congestion Notification
3055:Internet Engineering Task Force
3001:Internet Engineering Task Force
2947:Internet Engineering Task Force
2805:Internet Engineering Task Force
2764:Internet Engineering Task Force
2722:The Nimrod Routing Architecture
2634:
2477:Internet Engineering Task Force
1924:extension header follows. Each
127:
43:or segment of the higher-level
2643:"IPv6 Routing Header Security"
2362:
1867:
1647:Encapsulating Security Payload
1573:
1337:Segment Routing Header (SRH).
448:
1:
2661:Type 0: the evil mechanism...
2310:IPv6 Flow Label Specification
1995:
1946:
1854:
1300:. It was deprecated in 2009.
609:
420:differentiated services field
408:The constant 6 (bit sequence
3255:Multicast Listener Discovery
2537:. Networking Working Group.
2087:; D. Black (December 1998).
1721:
1688:payload length field of IPv6
1608:Fragment offset: 13 bits
658:(before upper-layer header)
590:
480:Source Address: 128 bits
7:
3250:Neighbor Discovery Protocol
2389:; R. Hinden (August 1999).
2200:B. Fenner (November 2006).
1978:
1626:Identification: 32 bits
1389:
464:List of IP protocol numbers
447:extension header carries a
440:Payload Length: 16 bits
415:Traffic Class: 6+2 bits
25:Internet Protocol version 6
10:
3314:
3265:Multicast router discovery
3095:.
3037:.
2983:.
2926:.
2881:.
2709:.
2607:.
2575:T. Narten (January 2004).
2521:.
2421:.
2359:.
2293:.
2185:.
2145:D. Grossman (April 2002).
2135:.
2073:.
1725:
1657:
1620:M Flag (M): 1 bit
1605:Initialized to all zeroes.
1586:
1559:
1365:RFC3692-style Experiment 2
1350:RFC3692-style Experiment 1
1197:
1005:
939:
926:
625:Authentication Header (AH)
311:
298:
3260:Secure Neighbor Discovery
3232:
3224:IPv6 transition mechanism
3211:
3173:
3142:
2993:F. Gont (February 2014).
2900:. Network Working Group.
2855:. Network Working Group.
2581:. Network Working Group.
2437:. Network Working Group.
2395:. Network Working Group.
2243:. Network Working Group.
2206:. Network Working Group.
2093:. Network Working Group.
2037:; R. Hinden (July 2017).
1990:Secure Neighbor Discovery
1928:extension header has its
1833:maximum transmission unit
1564:
1554:
1549:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1376:Segments Left: 8 bits
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
921:
916:
799:
796:
793:
790:
321:
316:
293:
288:
171:
168:
165:
162:
109:is mandated by IPv6, but
103:maximum transmission unit
94:transition technologies.
2852:IP Authentication Header
1409:extension header format
1283:denial-of-service attack
1248:Routing type: 8 bits
1029:extension header format
776:extension header format
3219:IPv4 address exhaustion
3047:F. Gont (August 2013).
1992:(SEND) is discouraged.
1682:Standard payload length
1596:Next header: 8 bits
1236:Next header: 8 bits
1176:Header extension length
978:Next Header: 8 bits
923:Header extension length
565:Next Header field value
454:Next Header: 8 bits
429:Flow Label: 20 bits
2513:. Updated by RFC
2281:. Updated by RFC
2123:. Updated by RFC
2083:K. Nichols; S. Blake;
1707:(yielding the minimum
696:Host Identity Protocol
687:Host Identity Protocol
2601:Best Common Practice.
2067:Internet Standard 86.
1827:Unlike in IPv4, IPv6
1641:Authentication Header
678:Parameters used with
469:Hop Limit: 8 bits
120:Since July 2017, the
97:In contrast to IPv4,
487:of the sending node.
148:Fixed header format
3212:IPv4 to IPv6 topics
2922:Obsoletes RFC
2877:Obsoletes RFC
2509:Obsoletes RFC
2417:Obsoletes RFC
2351:. Updates RFC
2347:Obsoletes RFC
2269:. Updates RFC
2265:Obsoletes RFC
2115:Obsoletes RFC
2069:Obsoletes RFC
1920:to indicate that a
1664:upper-layer payload
1410:
1030:
985:of the next header.
941:Options and padding
928:Options and padding
777:
774:Destination Options
762:Destination Options
655:Destination Options
539:Destination Options
405:Version: 4 bits
373:Destination address
149:
3085:Proposed Standard.
2977:Proposed Standard.
2920:Proposed Standard.
2875:Proposed Standard.
2835:Proposed Standard.
2786:Proposed Standard.
2557:Proposed Standard.
2507:Proposed Standard.
2415:Proposed Standard.
2345:Proposed Standard.
2263:Proposed Standard.
2226:Proposed Standard.
2113:Proposed Standard.
1986:Neighbor Discovery
1909:extension header.
1851:Path MTU Discovery
1801:octets (more than
1738:Hop-By-Hop Options
1705:Path MTU Discovery
1405:
1199:Type-specific data
1025:
1020:Type-specific Data
1016:Type-specific Data
770:Hop-by-Hop Options
768:
757:Hop-by-Hop Options
698:version 2 (HIPv2)
576:Hop-by-Hop Options
535:Hop-by-Hop Options
147:
142:network byte order
115:Path MTU Discovery
80:tunneling protocol
3280:
3279:
3233:Related protocols
3133:Internet Protocol
3087:Updates RFC
3033:Updates RFC
2979:Updates RFC
2894:(December 2005).
2849:(December 2005).
2701:Updates RFC
2603:Updates RFC
2173:Updates RFC
1593:
1592:
1371:
1370:
1233:
1232:
975:
974:
740:
739:
561:Extension header
552:type 4, code 1).
546:Parameter Problem
509:Extension headers
402:
401:
3305:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3103:
3102:
3096:
3083:
3066:
3064:10.17487/RFC6980
3044:
3038:
3029:
3012:
3010:10.17487/RFC7113
2990:
2984:
2975:
2958:
2956:10.17487/RFC7112
2936:
2927:
2918:
2909:
2907:10.17487/RFC4303
2888:
2882:
2873:
2864:
2862:10.17487/RFC4302
2843:
2837:
2833:
2816:
2814:10.17487/RFC8754
2794:
2788:
2784:
2775:
2773:10.17487/RFC6554
2753:
2747:
2743:
2734:
2732:10.17487/RFC1992
2716:
2710:
2697:
2688:
2686:10.17487/RFC5095
2670:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2647:
2638:
2632:
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2628:
2614:
2608:
2599:
2590:
2588:10.17487/RFC3692
2572:
2559:
2555:
2546:
2544:10.17487/RFC5533
2528:
2522:
2505:
2488:
2486:10.17487/RFC7401
2466:
2460:
2455:
2446:
2444:10.17487/RFC1726
2428:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2402:10.17487/RFC2675
2382:
2371:
2366:
2360:
2343:
2326:
2324:10.17487/RFC6437
2300:
2294:
2261:
2252:
2250:10.17487/RFC3168
2234:
2228:
2224:
2215:
2213:10.17487/RFC4727
2197:
2186:
2169:
2160:
2158:10.17487/RFC3260
2142:
2136:
2111:
2102:
2100:10.17487/RFC2474
2080:
2074:
2065:
2056:
2054:10.17487/RFC8200
2031:
1939:
1935:
1919:
1858:extension header
1818:
1817:
1807:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1743:
1717:
1716:
1701:
1700:
1575:
1568:
1411:
1404:
1261:
1260:
1031:
1024:
778:
767:
558:
557:
411:
150:
146:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3228:
3207:
3181:IPv6 deployment
3169:
3138:
3130:
3100:
3099:
3045:
3041:
2991:
2987:
2937:
2930:
2889:
2885:
2844:
2840:
2795:
2791:
2754:
2750:
2717:
2713:
2699:Draft Standard.
2671:
2667:
2654:
2652:
2645:
2639:
2635:
2626:
2624:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2573:
2562:
2529:
2525:
2467:
2463:
2429:
2425:
2392:IPv6 Jumbograms
2383:
2374:
2367:
2363:
2301:
2297:
2235:
2231:
2198:
2189:
2143:
2139:
2081:
2077:
2032:
2003:
1998:
1981:
1949:
1937:
1933:
1917:
1870:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1795:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1741:
1730:
1724:
1714:
1712:
1698:
1696:
1684:
1660:
1636:
1561:Fragment offset
1392:
1008:
753:
511:
505:to protect it.
459:transport layer
409:
130:
45:transport layer
17:
12:
11:
5:
3311:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3242:
3236:
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3215:
3213:
3209:
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3206:
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3200:
3195:
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3188:
3177:
3175:
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3162:
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3146:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3129:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3106:
3098:
3097:
3039:
3031:Informational.
2985:
2928:
2883:
2838:
2789:
2748:
2745:Informational.
2711:
2665:
2633:
2609:
2591:. BCP 82.
2560:
2523:
2461:
2457:Informational.
2423:
2372:
2361:
2295:
2229:
2187:
2171:Informational.
2137:
2075:
2057:. STD 86.
2000:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1980:
1977:
1948:
1945:
1869:
1866:
1845:Don't Fragment
1837:Packet too big
1824:
1821:
1723:
1720:
1683:
1680:
1674:datagram. The
1659:
1656:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:Identification
1585:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1537:
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1522:
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1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1417:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1257:
1256:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1037:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1002:
995:
992:
989:
986:
981:Specifies the
979:
973:
972:
969:
965:
964:
961:
957:
956:
951:
948:
944:
943:
938:
935:
931:
930:
925:
920:
915:
912:
908:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
806:
802:
801:
798:
795:
792:
789:
784:
752:
749:
738:
737:
734:
731:
727:
726:
723:
720:
716:
715:
709:
706:
704:Shim6 Protocol
700:
699:
692:
689:
683:
682:
676:
673:
666:
665:
662:
659:
650:
649:
646:
643:
635:
634:
631:
628:
620:
619:
616:
613:
605:
604:
597:
594:
586:
585:
582:
579:
571:
570:
567:
562:
515:internet layer
510:
507:
495:
494:
491:
488:
481:
478:
470:
467:
455:
452:
441:
438:
430:
427:
416:
413:
406:
400:
399:
396:
392:
391:
388:
384:
383:
380:
376:
375:
370:
367:
363:
362:
359:
355:
354:
351:
347:
346:
343:
339:
338:
336:Source address
333:
330:
326:
325:
320:
315:
313:Payload length
310:
307:
303:
302:
297:
292:
287:
284:
280:
279:
276:
273:
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
207:
204:
201:
198:
195:
192:
189:
186:
183:
178:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
161:
156:
129:
126:
49:internet layer
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3310:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3127:
3122:
3120:
3115:
3113:
3108:
3107:
3104:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3051:
3043:
3036:
3032:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2989:
2982:
2978:
2973:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2935:
2933:
2925:
2921:
2916:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2887:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2842:
2836:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2793:
2787:
2782:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2760:
2752:
2746:
2741:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2715:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2669:
2662:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2623:
2619:
2613:
2606:
2602:
2597:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2558:
2553:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2527:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2473:
2465:
2458:
2453:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2427:
2420:
2416:
2411:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2370:
2365:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2259:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2233:
2227:
2222:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2167:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2141:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2001:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1961:Time Exceeded
1956:
1954:
1944:
1941:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1916:value set to
1915:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1876:
1865:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1823:Fragmentation
1820:
1811:
1793:
1788:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1746:
1739:
1735:
1734:jumbo payload
1729:
1719:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1670:segment or a
1669:
1665:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1642:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1571:
1569:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1186:Segments left
1182:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1000:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
980:
977:
976:
970:
967:
966:
962:
959:
958:
955:
949:
946:
945:
942:
936:
933:
932:
929:
924:
919:
913:
910:
909:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
812:
810:
807:
804:
803:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
775:
771:
766:
765:represented.
763:
758:
748:
745:
735:
732:
729:
728:
724:
721:
718:
717:
714:
710:
707:
705:
702:
701:
697:
693:
690:
688:
685:
684:
681:
677:
674:
671:
668:
667:
663:
660:
657:
656:
652:
651:
647:
644:
642:
641:
637:
636:
632:
629:
627:
626:
622:
621:
617:
614:
612:
611:
607:
606:
602:
598:
595:
593:
592:
588:
587:
583:
580:
578:
577:
573:
572:
568:
566:
563:
560:
559:
556:
553:
551:
547:
542:
540:
536:
531:
528:
524:
521:fields. The
520:
516:
506:
504:
500:
492:
489:
486:
482:
479:
475:
472:Replaces the
471:
468:
465:
460:
456:
453:
450:
449:Jumbo Payload
446:
442:
439:
436:
431:
428:
425:
421:
417:
414:
407:
404:
403:
397:
394:
393:
389:
386:
385:
381:
378:
377:
374:
368:
365:
364:
360:
357:
356:
352:
349:
348:
344:
341:
340:
337:
331:
328:
327:
324:
319:
314:
308:
305:
304:
301:
296:
295:Traffic class
291:
285:
282:
281:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
256:
253:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
235:
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
217:
214:
211:
208:
205:
202:
199:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
182:
179:
176:
175:
160:
157:
155:
152:
151:
145:
143:
139:
135:
125:
123:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
64:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
3159:
3155:IPv6 address
3084:
3049:
3042:
3030:
2995:
2988:
2976:
2941:
2919:
2896:
2886:
2874:
2851:
2841:
2834:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2721:
2714:
2698:
2675:
2668:
2660:
2653:. Retrieved
2636:
2625:. Retrieved
2612:
2600:
2577:
2556:
2533:
2526:
2506:
2471:
2464:
2456:
2433:
2426:
2414:
2391:
2364:
2344:
2309:
2305:B. Carpenter
2298:
2262:
2239:
2232:
2225:
2202:
2170:
2147:
2140:
2112:
2089:
2078:
2066:
2039:
1982:
1973:
1969:
1960:
1957:
1952:
1950:
1942:
1932:flag set to
1929:
1925:
1921:
1913:
1911:
1906:
1902:
1901:one. If the
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1871:
1862:
1855:
1844:
1836:
1826:
1809:
1794:larger than
1780:
1737:
1736:option in a
1733:
1731:
1685:
1675:
1663:
1661:
1650:are part of
1645:
1639:
1637:
1587:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1414:
1406:
1399:
1393:
1364:
1360:Private use
1349:
1345:Private use
1211:
1198:
1185:
1181:Routing type
1180:
1175:
1170:
1034:
1026:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1009:
953:
940:
927:
922:
917:
781:
773:
769:
761:
756:
754:
743:
741:
703:
686:
669:
653:
638:
623:
608:
589:
574:
569:Description
554:
545:
543:
538:
534:
532:
526:
522:
518:
512:
496:
485:IPv6 address
483:The unicast
474:time to live
444:
434:
372:
335:
322:
317:
312:
299:
294:
289:
153:
131:
128:Fixed header
119:
96:
65:
20:
18:
3165:Mobile IPv6
3160:IPv6 packet
2385:D. Borman;
2303:S. Amante;
1914:Next Header
1868:Fragmenting
1781:Since both
1676:Next Header
1551:Next Header
1313:Mobile IPv6
1293:Deprecated
1278:Deprecated
1171:Next header
1022:is placed.
918:Next header
680:Mobile IPv6
601:Mobile IPv6
527:Next Header
523:Next Header
519:Next Header
435:Next Header
318:Next header
86:when using
63:) instead.
21:IPv6 packet
3287:Categories
3174:Deployment
2655:3 December
2627:2021-10-15
2387:S. Deering
2035:S. Deering
1996:References
1947:Reassembly
1907:Hop-by-Hop
1903:Hop-by-Hop
1891:Hop-by-Hop
1860:instead.
1810:Hop-by-Hop
1776:jumbograms
1726:See also:
744:whatsoever
499:link layer
445:Hop-by-Hop
300:Flow label
82:, such as
57:link layer
3136:version 6
3073:2070-1721
3019:2070-1721
2965:2070-1721
2823:2070-1721
2495:2070-1721
2333:2070-1721
1963:message (
1722:Jumbogram
711:Used for
694:Used for
548:message (
323:Hop limit
3057:(IETF).
3003:(IETF).
2949:(IETF).
2807:(IETF).
2479:(IETF).
2085:F. Baker
1979:Security
1953:Fragment
1926:Fragment
1922:Fragment
1880:Fragment
1875:Fragment
1856:Fragment
1819:octets.
1718:octets.
1644:and the
1556:Reserved
1407:Fragment
1400:Fragment
1390:Fragment
1334:Allowed
1323:Allowed
1308:Allowed
1270:Comment
1229:⋮
1226:⋮
971:⋮
968:⋮
730:Reserved
719:Reserved
670:Mobility
610:Fragment
503:checksum
68:Ethernet
41:datagram
27:(IPv6).
3143:General
2892:S. Kent
2847:S. Kent
1899:Routing
1895:Routing
1887:Routing
1829:routers
1658:Payload
1267:Status
1027:Routing
1012:Routing
1006:Routing
1001:-coded.
591:Routing
451:option.
290:Version
99:routers
59:(e.g.,
51:(e.g.,
33:payload
29:Packets
3245:ICMPv6
3240:DHCPv6
3071:
3017:
2963:
2821:
2493:
2331:
1965:ICMPv6
1840:ICMPv6
1757:
1753:
1749:
1742:
1438:Octet
1415:Offset
1058:Octet
1035:Offset
805:Octet
782:Offset
550:ICMPv6
177:Octet
154:Offset
134:octets
107:octets
92:Teredo
53:ICMPv6
37:header
2646:(PDF)
1690:(and
1652:IPsec
1420:Octet
1298:DARPA
1264:Type
1040:Octet
787:Octet
713:Shim6
159:Octet
136:(320
111:hosts
76:frame
72:Wi-Fi
55:) or
3298:IPv6
3150:IPv6
3093:4861
3091:and
3089:3971
3080:6980
3069:ISSN
3035:6105
3026:7113
3015:ISSN
2981:2460
2972:7112
2961:ISSN
2924:2406
2915:4303
2879:2402
2870:4302
2830:8754
2819:ISSN
2781:6554
2740:1992
2707:4294
2705:and
2703:2460
2694:5095
2657:2010
2650:EADS
2622:IANA
2605:2434
2596:3692
2552:5533
2519:9374
2517:and
2515:8002
2511:5201
2502:7401
2491:ISSN
2452:1726
2419:2147
2410:2675
2357:2460
2355:and
2353:2205
2349:3697
2340:6437
2329:ISSN
2315:IETF
2291:8311
2289:and
2287:6040
2283:4301
2277:and
2275:2401
2271:2474
2267:2481
2258:3168
2221:4727
2183:2597
2181:and
2179:2475
2175:2474
2166:3260
2133:8436
2131:and
2129:3260
2125:3168
2121:1349
2119:and
2117:1455
2108:2474
2071:2460
2062:8200
2045:IETF
1785:and
1692:IPv4
1686:The
1638:The
1253:IANA
1010:The
983:type
772:and
755:The
410:0110
398:288
390:256
382:224
369:192
361:160
353:128
138:bits
88:6to4
84:IPv4
61:OSPF
3186:6rd
3077:RFC
3059:doi
3023:RFC
3005:doi
2969:RFC
2951:doi
2912:RFC
2902:doi
2867:RFC
2857:doi
2827:RFC
2809:doi
2778:RFC
2768:doi
2737:RFC
2727:doi
2691:RFC
2681:doi
2593:RFC
2583:doi
2549:RFC
2539:doi
2499:RFC
2481:doi
2449:RFC
2439:doi
2407:RFC
2397:doi
2337:RFC
2319:doi
2279:793
2255:RFC
2245:doi
2218:RFC
2208:doi
2163:RFC
2153:doi
2105:RFC
2095:doi
2059:RFC
2049:doi
1889:or
1847:bit
1816:535
1805:535
1798:583
1792:MTU
1787:UDP
1783:TCP
1770:295
1767:967
1764:294
1715:535
1709:MTU
1699:535
1672:UDP
1668:TCP
1584:32
1567:Res
1539:31
1536:30
1533:29
1530:28
1527:27
1524:26
1521:25
1518:24
1515:23
1512:22
1509:21
1506:20
1503:19
1500:18
1497:17
1494:16
1491:15
1488:14
1485:13
1482:12
1479:11
1476:10
1442:Bit
1396:MTU
1357:254
1342:253
1221:96
1218:12
1208:64
1195:32
1159:31
1156:30
1153:29
1150:28
1147:27
1144:26
1141:25
1138:24
1135:23
1132:22
1129:21
1126:20
1123:19
1120:18
1117:17
1114:16
1111:15
1108:14
1105:13
1102:12
1099:11
1096:10
1062:Bit
999:TLV
963:96
960:12
950:64
937:32
906:31
903:30
900:29
897:28
894:27
891:26
888:25
885:24
882:23
879:22
876:21
873:20
870:19
867:18
864:17
861:16
858:15
855:14
852:13
849:12
846:11
843:10
809:Bit
733:254
722:253
708:140
691:139
675:135
395:36
387:32
379:28
366:24
358:20
350:16
345:96
342:12
332:64
309:32
278:31
275:30
272:29
269:28
266:27
263:26
260:25
257:24
254:23
251:22
248:21
245:20
242:19
239:18
236:17
233:16
230:15
227:14
224:13
221:12
218:11
215:10
181:Bit
90:or
70:or
19:An
3289::
3075:.
3067:.
3053:.
3021:.
3013:.
2999:.
2967:.
2959:.
2945:.
2931:^
2910:.
2865:.
2825:.
2817:.
2803:.
2776:.
2766:.
2762:.
2735:.
2725:.
2689:.
2679:.
2659:.
2648:.
2620:.
2563:^
2547:.
2497:.
2489:.
2475:.
2447:.
2405:.
2375:^
2335:.
2327:.
2317:.
2313:.
2285:,
2273:,
2253:.
2216:.
2190:^
2177:,
2161:.
2151:.
2127:,
2103:.
2047:.
2043:.
2004:^
1918:44
1814:65
1803:65
1796:65
1778:.
1759:=
1747:(2
1745:GB
1713:65
1697:65
1581:4
1547:0
1544:0
1473:9
1470:8
1467:7
1464:6
1461:5
1458:4
1455:3
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1449:1
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1433:3
1430:2
1427:1
1424:0
1367:.
1352:.
1331:4
1320:3
1305:2
1290:1
1275:0
1205:8
1192:4
1167:0
1164:0
1093:9
1090:8
1087:7
1084:6
1081:5
1078:4
1075:3
1072:2
1069:1
1066:0
1053:3
1050:2
1047:1
1044:0
947:8
934:4
914:0
911:0
840:9
837:8
834:7
831:6
828:5
825:4
822:3
819:2
816:1
813:0
800:3
797:2
794:1
791:0
661:60
645:50
630:51
615:44
603:)
596:43
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466:).
412:).
329:8
306:4
286:0
283:0
212:9
209:8
206:7
203:6
200:5
197:4
194:3
191:2
188:1
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172:3
169:2
166:1
163:0
144:.
3125:e
3118:t
3111:v
3082:.
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3028:.
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2974:.
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2110:.
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1938:0
1934:1
1930:M
1762:4
1755:1
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1255:.
581:0
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