20:
297:
332:) can cause traditional intraocular pressure measurements to appear normal when in fact the pressure may be abnormally high. A newer transpalpebral and transscleral tonometry method is not influenced by corneal biomechanics and does not need to be adjusted for corneal irregularities as measurement is done over upper eyelid and sclera.
411:
pressure correlates with the intraoral resistance associated with the instrument, and linked intermittent elevation of intraocular pressure from playing high-resistance wind instruments to incidence of visual field loss. The range of intraoral pressure involved in various classes of ethnic wind instruments, such as
522:. Intraocular pressure laws follow fundamentally from physics. Any kinds of intraocular surgery should be done by considering the intraocular pressure fluctuation. Sudden increase of intraocular pressure can lead to intraocular micro barotrauma and cause ischemic effects and mechanical stress to retinal
1227:
Studies have also been conducted on both healthy and sedentary individuals to determine if intraocular pressure could be reduced with other types of exercise. Some forms of exertion have been found to result in a decrease in intraocular pressure. Exercises studied included; walking, jogging, and
410:
Playing some musical wind instruments has been linked to increases in intraocular pressure. A 2011 study focused on brass and woodwind instruments observed "temporary and sometimes dramatic elevations and fluctuations in IOP". Another study found that the magnitude of increase in intraocular
938:
1079:
Henderer JD, Budenz DL, Flynn HW, Schiffman JC, Feuer WJ, Murray TG (February 1999). "Elevated intraocular pressure and hypotony following silicone oil retinal tamponade for complex retinal detachment: incidence and risk factors".
526:. Sudden intraocular pressure drop can lead to intraocular decompression that generates micro bubbles that potentially cause multiple micro emboli and leading to hypoxia, ischemia and retinal micro structure damage.
1261:
946:
304:
Palpation is one of the oldest, simplest, and least expensive methods for approximate IOP measurement, however it is very inaccurate unless the pressure is very high. Intraocular pressure is measured with a
969:
450:(often mixed with fruit juice to reduce its sweet taste) can cause a rapid, temporary decrease in intraocular pressure. This can be a useful initial emergency treatment of severely elevated pressure.
1332:
Schuman JS, Massicotte EC, Connolly S, Hertzmark E, Mukherji B, Kunen MZ (January 2000). "Increased intraocular pressure and visual field defects in high resistance wind instrument players".
154:
809:"Comparison of Intraocular Pressure before and after Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Refractive Surgery Measured with Perkins Tonometry, Noncontact Tonometry, and Transpalpebral Tonometry"
373:, is typically defined as intraocular pressure equal to or less than 5 mmHg. Such low intraocular pressure could indicate fluid leakage and deflation of the eyeball.
282:
187:
1036:
390:
and the variation may increase in glaucomatous eyes. During the night, intraocular pressure may not decrease despite the slower production of aqueous humour.
253:
231:
209:
1232:
543:
Farandos, Nicholas M.; Yetisen, Ali K.; Monteiro, Michael J.; Lowe, Christopher R.; Yun, Seok Hyun (April 2015). "Contact lens sensors in ocular diagnostics".
977:
492:
Intraocular pressure has been measured as an outcome in a systematic review comparing the effect of neuroprotective agents in slowing the progression of open
1249:
Qureshi IA. Effects of mild, moderate and severe exercise on intraocular pressure of sedentary subjects. Rawalpindi
Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
499:
Differences in pressure between the two eyes are often clinically significant, and potentially associated with certain types of glaucoma, as well as
1185:
Liu JH, Zhang X, Kripke DF, Weinreb RN (April 2003). "Twenty-four-hour intraocular pressure pattern associated with early glaucomatous changes".
461:, transiently increases IOP by around 10 mmHg for a few minutes. This is significant for example if the patient requires anaesthesia for a
586:
Aptel F, Weinreb RN, Chiquet C, Mansouri K (November 2016). "24-h monitoring devices and nyctohemeral rhythms of intraocular pressure".
994:
Vieira GM, Oliveira HB, de
Andrade DT, Bottaro M, Ritch R (September 2006). "Intraocular pressure variation during weight lifting".
741:"Effect of central corneal thickness on dynamic contour tonometry and Goldmann applanation tonometry in primary open-angle glaucoma"
1641:
402:
There is some inconclusive research that indicates that exercise could possibly affect IOP (some positively and some negatively).
871:
1467:
465:
and has sustained an eye (globe) perforation. The mechanism is not clear but it is thought to involve contraction of tonic
1483:
1368:
1413:
Intraocular pressure measure on normal eyes by
Pardianto G et al., in Mimbar Ilmiah Oftalmologi Indonesia.2005;2:78-9.
690:"Recent advancements in nanomaterial-laden contact lenses for diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma, review and update"
1229:
386:
Intraocular pressure varies throughout the night and day. The diurnal variation for normal eyes is between 3 and 6
98:
1262:"Intraocular pressure fluctuations in professional brass and woodwind musicians during common playing conditions"
1040:
1239:, Departments of Ophthalmology, Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum- Turkey. July 1999.
1307:
1423:
Drance SM (October 1964). "Effect of Oral
Glycerol on Intraocular Pressure in Normal and Glaucomatous Eyes".
1634:
86:
352:
and 20 mmHg. The average value of intraocular pressure is 15.5 mmHg with fluctuations of about 2.75 mmHg.
329:
515:
1607:
428:
1627:
1248:
1053:
1770:
412:
50:
255:
is the facility of outflow in microliters per minute per millimeter of mercury (μL/min/mmHg)
1559:"Recent awareness and consideration of intraocular pressure fluctuation during eye surgery"
1458:
Brunton L, Chabner BA, Knollman B (2011). "19. General
Anesthetics and Therapeutic Gases".
1389:
890:"Distribution of intraocular pressure in healthy Iranian individuals: the Tehran Eye Study"
260:
165:
53:
use to determine this. IOP is an important aspect in the evaluation of patients at risk of
1713:
8:
1670:
1436:
780:
Tanaka GH (April 1998). "Corneal pachymetry: a prerequisite for applanation tonometry?".
355:
78:
1393:
716:
689:
89:
has a relatively fixed volume and thus does not affect intraocular pressure regulation.
1534:
1509:
1379:
1299:
1140:
1019:
970:"Optical remote sensing of intraocular pressure by an implantable nanostructured array"
914:
889:
835:
808:
665:
630:
611:
568:
504:
325:
238:
216:
194:
1345:
868:
1675:
1580:
1539:
1463:
1440:
1349:
1291:
1210:
1202:
1167:
1132:
1097:
1011:
919:
840:
789:
762:
721:
670:
652:
603:
599:
560:
523:
462:
358:(OHT) is defined by intraocular pressure being higher than normal, in the absence of
1601:
1303:
1144:
1023:
688:
Baghban, R; Talebnejad, MR; Meshksar, A; Heydari, M; Khalili, MR (2 November 2023).
615:
572:
1720:
1570:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1432:
1341:
1281:
1273:
1194:
1124:
1089:
1003:
943:
Health
Education Bureau, Information and Communication Technology Agency, Sri Lanka
909:
901:
830:
820:
752:
711:
701:
660:
642:
595:
552:
341:
306:
46:
1650:
1619:
1780:
1703:
1236:
875:
857:
454:
436:
370:
310:
1007:
415:, has been shown to be generally lower than Western classical wind instruments.
57:. Most tonometers are calibrated to measure pressure in millimeters of mercury (
1575:
1558:
1093:
757:
740:
706:
70:
1277:
1764:
1740:
1735:
1708:
1662:
1654:
1462:(12th ed.). New York, USA: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. p. 539.
1206:
656:
394:
patients' 24-hour IOP profiles may differ from those of healthy individuals.
82:
1128:
905:
317:
sensors have also been used for continuous intraocular pressure monitoring.
92:
An important quantitative relationship (Goldmann's equation) is as follows:
1775:
1730:
1695:
1685:
1584:
1543:
1444:
1353:
1295:
1214:
1136:
1115:
Liu JH, Weinreb RN (May 2011). "Monitoring intraocular pressure for 24 h".
1101:
1015:
923:
844:
766:
725:
674:
607:
564:
556:
511:
363:
345:
314:
74:
1260:
Schmidtmann G, Jahnke S, Seidel EJ, Sickenberger W, Grein HJ (June 2011).
1171:
825:
793:
1745:
1286:
1198:
458:
359:
647:
423:
Intraocular pressure also varies with a number of other factors such as
296:
19:
1725:
739:
Grieshaber MC, Schoetzau A, Zawinka C, Flammer J, Orgul S (June 2007).
631:"Palpation by blind examiners: A novel approach for glaucoma screening"
519:
466:
233:
the resorption of aqueous humour through the uveoscleral route (μL/min)
211:
the rate of aqueous humour formation in microliters per minute (μL/min)
629:
Heidary, Fatemeh; Gharebaghi, Reza; Heidary, Roghayeh (30 July 2010).
439:
consumption leads to a transient decrease in intraocular pressure and
510:
Intraocular pressure may become elevated due to anatomical problems,
470:
69:
Intraocular pressure is determined by the production and drainage of
42:
24:
1259:
493:
486:
474:
447:
440:
391:
54:
38:
1613:
1384:
1331:
807:
Cacho I, Sanchez-Naves J, Batres L, Pintor J, Carracedo G (2015).
1460:
738:
432:
687:
284:
the episcleral venous pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
993:
500:
321:
806:
424:
1078:
1054:"Ocular Hypotony: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology"
81:
and uveoscleral outflow. The reason for this is because the
887:
585:
542:
387:
349:
58:
485:
Ocular hypertension is the most important risk factor for
320:
Measured values of intraocular pressure are influenced by
888:
Hashemi H, Kashi AH, Fotouhi A, Mohammad K (June 2005).
628:
1158:
Brubaker RF (1991). "Flow of aqueous humor in humans".
431:, fluid intake, systemic medication and topical drugs.
348:
defines normal intraocular pressure as that between 10
1457:
1046:
1510:"Neuroprotection for treatment of glaucoma in adults"
1184:
263:
241:
219:
197:
168:
101:
974:
Medizinische Fakultät der
Universität des Saarlandes
881:
1649:
1230:
Acute
Dynamic Exercise Reduces Intraocular Pressure
324:thickness and rigidity. As a result, some forms of
276:
247:
225:
203:
181:
148:
1762:
1369:"Intraoral Pressure in Ethnic Wind Instruments"
1366:
1604:What To Expect During a Comprehensive Eye Exam
1635:
1550:
1507:
1416:
1325:
1253:
1178:
1108:
930:
288:The above factors are those that drive IOP.
149:{\displaystyle P_{o}={\frac {F-U}{C}}+P_{v}}
1157:
800:
579:
536:
189:is the IOP in millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
1642:
1628:
1360:
1114:
939:"Do you know about Intra Ocular Pressure?"
1574:
1556:
1533:
1383:
1285:
989:
987:
913:
834:
824:
756:
732:
715:
705:
664:
646:
1072:
936:
295:
18:
961:
397:
1763:
1422:
984:
779:
405:
376:
1623:
1616:Transpalpebral Transscleral Tonometry
967:
773:
514:of the eye, genetic factors, or as a
1508:Sena DF, Lindsley K (January 2017).
1501:
1437:10.1001/archopht.1964.00970020491009
1266:Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol
443:may increase intraocular pressure.
13:
381:
14:
1792:
1595:
453:The depolarising muscle relaxant
369:Ocular hypotension, hypotony, or
335:
600:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.07.002
1484:"Ocular Therapeutix Inc (OCUL)"
1476:
1451:
1407:
1367:Clinton F. Goss (August 2013).
1242:
1221:
1151:
1041:American Optometric Association
1030:
480:
300:Diaton transpalpebral tonometer
1526:10.1002/14651858.CD006539.pub4
862:
851:
681:
622:
291:
1:
1346:10.1016/s0161-6420(99)00015-9
545:Advanced Healthcare Materials
529:
64:
16:Fluid pressure inside the eye
1187:Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci
694:Journal of Nanobiotechnology
7:
1008:10.1001/archopht.124.9.1251
937:Pooranee (9 October 2015).
330:photorefractive keratectomy
309:as part of a comprehensive
10:
1797:
1576:10.1016/j.jcrs.2015.01.009
1557:Pardianto G (March 2015).
1514:Cochrane Database Syst Rev
1094:10.1001/archopht.117.2.189
758:10.1001/archopht.125.6.740
707:10.1186/s12951-023-02166-w
469:and transient dilation of
1694:
1661:
1278:10.1007/s00417-010-1600-x
1235:28 September 2011 at the
1160:Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
77:and its drainage via the
418:
340:Current consensus among
23:A patient in front of a
1614:www.tonometerdiaton.com
1608:www.emedicinehealth.com
1563:J Cataract Refract Surg
1129:10.1136/bjo.2010.199737
906:10.1136/bjo.2004.058057
1602:www.allaboutvision.com
635:Clinical Ophthalmology
557:10.1002/adhm.201400504
413:Native American flutes
301:
278:
249:
227:
205:
183:
150:
51:eye care professionals
27:
1043:. Accessed 2015-11-3.
299:
279:
277:{\displaystyle P_{v}}
250:
228:
206:
184:
182:{\displaystyle P_{o}}
151:
22:
1681:Intraocular pressure
1199:10.1167/iovs.02-0666
477:also increases IOP.
398:Fitness and exercise
261:
239:
217:
195:
166:
99:
31:Intraocular pressure
1610:Ocular Hypertension
1394:2013arXiv1308.5214G
1037:Ocular Hypertension
874:4 July 2008 at the
826:10.1155/2015/683895
648:10.2147/opth.s11167
457:, which is used in
406:Musical instruments
377:Influencing factors
356:Ocular hypertension
79:trabecular meshwork
1313:on 11 January 2022
1058:Medscape Reference
588:Prog Retin Eye Res
505:retinal detachment
326:refractive surgery
302:
274:
245:
223:
201:
179:
146:
28:
1756:
1755:
1469:978-0-07-162442-8
1166:(13): 3145–3166.
1060:. 5 February 2014
980:on 25 April 2012.
869:Glaucoma Overview
858:webMD - Tonometry
524:nerve fiber layer
248:{\displaystyle C}
226:{\displaystyle U}
204:{\displaystyle F}
131:
87:posterior segment
1788:
1721:Opponent process
1644:
1637:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1589:
1588:
1578:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1537:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1425:Arch. Ophthalmol
1420:
1414:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1387:
1373:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1312:
1306:. Archived from
1289:
1257:
1251:
1246:
1240:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1082:Arch. Ophthalmol
1076:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1050:
1044:
1034:
1028:
1027:
996:Arch. Ophthalmol
991:
982:
981:
976:. Archived from
965:
959:
958:
956:
954:
949:on 22 March 2017
945:. Archived from
934:
928:
927:
917:
885:
879:
866:
860:
855:
849:
848:
838:
828:
804:
798:
797:
782:Arch. Ophthalmol
777:
771:
770:
760:
745:Arch. Ophthalmol
736:
730:
729:
719:
709:
685:
679:
678:
668:
650:
626:
620:
619:
583:
577:
576:
540:
473:blood vessels.
342:ophthalmologists
283:
281:
280:
275:
273:
272:
254:
252:
251:
246:
232:
230:
229:
224:
210:
208:
207:
202:
188:
186:
185:
180:
178:
177:
155:
153:
152:
147:
145:
144:
132:
127:
116:
111:
110:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1704:Color blindness
1690:
1657:
1648:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1555:
1551:
1520:(1): CD006539.
1506:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1456:
1452:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1408:
1398:
1396:
1371:
1365:
1361:
1330:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1258:
1254:
1247:
1243:
1237:Wayback Machine
1226:
1222:
1183:
1179:
1156:
1152:
1117:Br J Ophthalmol
1113:
1109:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1035:
1031:
992:
985:
966:
962:
952:
950:
935:
931:
894:Br J Ophthalmol
886:
882:
876:Wayback Machine
867:
863:
856:
852:
805:
801:
778:
774:
737:
733:
686:
682:
627:
623:
584:
580:
541:
537:
532:
483:
455:succinylcholine
421:
408:
400:
384:
382:Daily variation
379:
371:ocular hypotony
338:
311:eye examination
294:
268:
264:
262:
259:
258:
240:
237:
236:
218:
215:
214:
196:
193:
192:
173:
169:
167:
164:
163:
140:
136:
117:
115:
106:
102:
100:
97:
96:
83:vitreous humour
67:
37:) is the fluid
17:
12:
11:
5:
1794:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1714:Köllner's rule
1711:
1700:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1597:
1596:External links
1594:
1591:
1590:
1549:
1500:
1475:
1468:
1450:
1415:
1406:
1359:
1324:
1272:(6): 895–901.
1252:
1241:
1220:
1193:(4): 1586–90.
1177:
1150:
1123:(5): 599–600.
1107:
1071:
1045:
1029:
983:
960:
929:
880:
878:from eMedicine
861:
850:
799:
772:
731:
680:
621:
578:
551:(6): 792–810.
534:
533:
531:
528:
494:angle glaucoma
482:
479:
446:Taken orally,
420:
417:
407:
404:
399:
396:
383:
380:
378:
375:
337:
336:Classification
334:
293:
290:
286:
285:
271:
267:
256:
244:
234:
222:
212:
200:
190:
176:
172:
157:
156:
143:
139:
135:
130:
126:
123:
120:
114:
109:
105:
71:aqueous humour
66:
63:
49:is the method
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1793:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1771:Ophthalmology
1769:
1768:
1766:
1759:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1741:Tetrachromacy
1739:
1737:
1736:Pentachromacy
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1709:Achromatopsia
1707:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1671:Accommodation
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1655:visual system
1652:
1645:
1640:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1553:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1489:
1485:
1479:
1471:
1465:
1461:
1454:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1419:
1410:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1370:
1363:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1340:(1): 127–33.
1339:
1335:
1334:Ophthalmology
1328:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1287:10026.1/10195
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1256:
1250:
1245:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1224:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1181:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1154:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1088:(2): 189–95.
1087:
1083:
1075:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1002:(9): 1251–4.
1001:
997:
990:
988:
979:
975:
971:
964:
948:
944:
940:
933:
925:
921:
916:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
884:
877:
873:
870:
865:
859:
854:
846:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
818:
814:
810:
803:
795:
791:
787:
783:
776:
768:
764:
759:
754:
750:
746:
742:
735:
727:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
699:
695:
691:
684:
676:
672:
667:
662:
658:
654:
649:
644:
640:
636:
632:
625:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
582:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
539:
535:
527:
525:
521:
517:
513:
508:
506:
502:
497:
495:
490:
488:
478:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
449:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
416:
414:
403:
395:
393:
389:
374:
372:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
351:
347:
343:
333:
331:
327:
323:
318:
316:
312:
308:
298:
289:
269:
265:
257:
242:
235:
220:
213:
198:
191:
174:
170:
162:
161:
160:
141:
137:
133:
128:
124:
121:
118:
112:
107:
103:
95:
94:
93:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
62:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
26:
21:
1758:
1731:Monochromacy
1696:Color vision
1686:Visual field
1680:
1566:
1562:
1552:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1493:13 September
1491:. Retrieved
1487:
1478:
1459:
1453:
1431:(4): 491–3.
1428:
1424:
1418:
1409:
1397:. Retrieved
1375:
1362:
1337:
1333:
1327:
1317:24 September
1315:. Retrieved
1308:the original
1269:
1265:
1255:
1244:
1223:
1190:
1186:
1180:
1163:
1159:
1153:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1062:. Retrieved
1057:
1048:
1032:
999:
995:
978:the original
973:
963:
951:. Retrieved
947:the original
942:
932:
900:(6): 652–7.
897:
893:
883:
864:
853:
816:
813:J Ophthalmol
812:
802:
788:(4): 544–5.
785:
781:
775:
751:(6): 740–4.
748:
744:
734:
697:
693:
683:
638:
634:
624:
591:
587:
581:
548:
544:
538:
512:inflammation
509:
498:
491:
484:
481:Significance
452:
445:
422:
409:
401:
385:
368:
364:visual field
354:
346:optometrists
339:
319:
315:Contact lens
303:
287:
158:
91:
75:ciliary body
68:
34:
30:
29:
1746:Trichromacy
968:Janunts E.
641:: 671–672.
594:: 108–148.
516:side-effect
459:anaesthesia
429:respiration
360:optic nerve
292:Measurement
41:inside the
1765:Categories
1726:Dichromacy
1651:Physiology
1569:(3): 695.
1376:Flutopedia
1064:4 November
953:4 November
819:: 683895.
700:(1): 402.
530:References
520:medication
467:myofibrils
362:damage or
65:Physiology
1399:22 August
1385:1308.5214
1228:running.
1207:1552-5783
657:1177-5483
471:choroidal
437:marijuana
328:(such as
307:tonometer
122:−
47:Tonometry
25:tonometer
1585:25804599
1544:28122126
1488:biotickr
1445:14184494
1354:10647731
1304:21452109
1296:21234587
1233:Archived
1215:12657596
1145:42736853
1137:21330554
1102:10037563
1024:32361659
1016:16966619
924:15923494
872:Archived
845:26167293
767:17562982
726:37919748
717:10621182
675:20689781
616:24677841
608:27477112
573:35508652
565:25400274
487:glaucoma
475:Ketamine
448:glycerol
441:caffeine
392:Glaucoma
55:glaucoma
39:pressure
1653:of the
1535:5370094
1390:Bibcode
1172:1748546
915:1772663
836:4475733
794:9565063
666:2915851
433:Alcohol
322:corneal
159:Where:
85:in the
73:by the
1781:Vision
1663:Vision
1583:
1542:
1532:
1466:
1443:
1352:
1302:
1294:
1213:
1205:
1170:
1143:
1135:
1100:
1022:
1014:
922:
912:
843:
833:
792:
765:
724:
714:
673:
663:
655:
614:
606:
571:
563:
501:iritis
463:trauma
427:rate,
366:loss.
1380:arXiv
1372:(PDF)
1311:(PDF)
1300:S2CID
1141:S2CID
1020:S2CID
612:S2CID
569:S2CID
518:from
425:heart
419:Drugs
1676:Gaze
1581:PMID
1540:PMID
1495:2022
1464:ISBN
1441:PMID
1401:2013
1350:PMID
1319:2019
1292:PMID
1211:PMID
1203:ISSN
1168:PMID
1133:PMID
1098:PMID
1066:2015
1012:PMID
955:2015
920:PMID
841:PMID
817:2015
790:PMID
763:PMID
722:PMID
671:PMID
653:ISSN
604:PMID
561:PMID
435:and
388:mmHg
350:mmHg
344:and
59:mmHg
1776:Eye
1571:doi
1530:PMC
1522:doi
1433:doi
1342:doi
1338:107
1282:hdl
1274:doi
1270:249
1195:doi
1125:doi
1090:doi
1086:117
1004:doi
1000:124
910:PMC
902:doi
831:PMC
821:doi
786:116
753:doi
749:125
712:PMC
702:doi
661:PMC
643:doi
596:doi
553:doi
503:or
61:).
43:eye
35:IOP
1767::
1579:.
1567:41
1565:.
1561:.
1538:.
1528:.
1516:.
1512:.
1486:.
1439:.
1429:72
1427:.
1388:.
1378:.
1374:.
1348:.
1336:.
1298:.
1290:.
1280:.
1268:.
1264:.
1209:.
1201:.
1191:44
1189:.
1164:32
1162:.
1139:.
1131:.
1121:95
1119:.
1096:.
1084:.
1056:.
1039:,
1018:.
1010:.
998:.
986:^
972:.
941:.
918:.
908:.
898:89
896:.
892:.
839:.
829:.
815:.
811:.
784:.
761:.
747:.
743:.
720:.
710:.
698:21
696:.
692:.
669:.
659:.
651:.
637:.
633:.
610:.
602:.
592:55
590:.
567:.
559:.
547:.
507:.
496:.
489:.
313:.
45:.
1643:e
1636:t
1629:v
1587:.
1573::
1546:.
1524::
1518:1
1497:.
1472:.
1447:.
1435::
1403:.
1392::
1382::
1356:.
1344::
1321:.
1284::
1276::
1217:.
1197::
1174:.
1147:.
1127::
1104:.
1092::
1068:.
1026:.
1006::
957:.
926:.
904::
847:.
823::
796:.
769:.
755::
728:.
704::
677:.
645::
639:4
618:.
598::
575:.
555::
549:4
270:v
266:P
243:C
221:U
199:F
175:o
171:P
142:v
138:P
134:+
129:C
125:U
119:F
113:=
108:o
104:P
33:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
