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Iodine-123

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762: 891:. It has much greater photon flux than I. It gives approximately 20 times the counting rate of I for the same administered dose, while the radiation burden to the thyroid is far less (1%) than that of I. Moreover, scanning a thyroid remnant or metastasis with I does not cause "stunning" of the tissue (with loss of uptake), because of the low radiation burden of this isotope. For the same reasons, I is never used for thyroid cancer or 944:) is recommended for thyroid imaging and for total body while an uptake test may use 3.7–11.1 MBq (100–300 μCi). There is a study that indicates a given dose can effectively result in effects of an otherwise higher dose, due to impurities in the preparation. The dose of radioiodine I is typically tolerated by individuals who cannot tolerate 1015:
Removal of radioiodine contamination can be difficult and use of a decontaminant specially made for radioactive iodine removal is advised. Two common products designed for institutional use are Bind-It and I-Bind. General purpose radioactive decontamination products are often unusable for iodine, as
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emitted at very low energies (50-500 eV). The latter decay channel also produces ground-state Te. Especially because of the internal conversion decay channel, I is not an absolutely pure gamma-emitter, although it is sometimes clinically assumed to be one.
964: 302:. The xenon-123 formed by either route then decays to iodine-123, and is trapped on the inner wall of the irradiation capsule under refrigeration, then eluted with sodium hydroxide in a halogen 991:. In the thyroid gland, I-concentration is more progressive, as in a reservoir (from 1% after 30 minutes, and after 6, 20 h, to 5.8% after 48 hours, of the total injected dose).(Venturi, 2011) 967:
Sequence of 123-iodide human scintiscans after an intravenous injection, (from left) after 30 minutes, 20 hours, and 48 hours. A high and rapid concentration of radio-iodide is evident in
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The Auger electrons from the radioisotope have been found in one study to do little cellular damage, unless the radionuclide is directly incorporated chemically into cellular
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of the nearly-stable nuclide tellurium-123 (its half life is so long that it is considered stable for all practical purposes). This excited state of Te produced is not the
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from the more penetrating gamma radiation and 127 keV internal conversion electron radiation from the initial decay of Te is moderated by the relatively short
2151: 909:(NaI), sometimes in basic solution in which it has been dissolved as the free element. This is administered to a patient by ingestion under capsule form, by 580: 1101:
Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references".
1457: 1205:"Radiotoxicity of some iodine-123, iodine-125 and iodine-131-labeled compounds in mouse testes: implications for radiopharmaceutical design" 2177: 823: 925:
for diagnosis. Quantitative measurements of the thyroid can be performed to calculate the iodine uptake (absorption) for the diagnosis of
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Schabelman E, Witting M (November 2010). "The relationship of radiocontrast, iodine, and seafood allergies: a medical myth exposed".
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Colombetti LG, Johnston AS (1976). "Absorbed radiation dose by the thyroid from radioiodine impurities found in I".
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Hupf HB, Eldridge JS, Beaver JE (April 1968). "Production of iodine-123 for medical applications".
913:, or (less commonly due to problems involved in a spill) in a drink. The iodine is taken up by the 1000: 1487: 493:
Te (the decay of I does not involve enough energy to produce Te), but rather is a lower-energy
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and I has other advantages for diagnostic imaging thyroid tissue and thyroid cancer
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diseases. The half-life of approximately 13.2 hours is ideal for the 24-hour
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by proton cyclotron bombardment of 80% isotopically enriched tellurium-123.
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Narra VR, Howell RW, Harapanhalli RS, Sastry KS, Rao DV (December 1992).
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I is the most suitable isotope of iodine for the diagnostic study of
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absorbs a proton and immediately loses a neutron and proton to form
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Venturi, Sebastiano (2011). "Evolutionary significance of iodine".
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Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021).
957: 956:(IVP) and similar imaging diagnostic procedures. Iodine is not an 808: 2125: 2008: 1629: 948:
containing larger concentration of stable iodine such as used in
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electron emission (127 keV), followed by an average of 11
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Iodine-123 is usually supplied as -sodium iodide in 0.1 M
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Te at the energies noted, or else (13% of the time) decays by
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The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes
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Nordion, I-123 fact sheet, accessed September 7, 2018
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I for medical applications has also been produced at
1066: 1314: 1100: 1370: 1138: 525:which use I as the radioactive label nuclide. The 1397: 1069:"The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" 2478: 1287:"Radionuclide Thyroid Scans Clinical Guidelines" 681: 656: 648: 1458: 1062: 1060: 1227: 995:I is also used as a label in other imaging 921:is used to obtain functional images of the 1465: 1451: 1180:The Physical Principles of Medical Imaging 760: 238:(SPECT) or SPECT/CT exams. The isotope's 236:single-photon emission computed tomography 1196: 1094: 1057: 709: 701: 1016:these may only spread or volatilize it. 962: 1233: 1173: 756: 540: 2479: 2467:Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals (V10) 258:. The isotope is typically applied as 1446: 729: 619: 294:, or else loses two neutrons to form 592: 521:, which is not the case for present 428:solution, at 99.8% isotopic purity. 672: 306:reaction, similar to collection of 13: 1434:"Bind-It Decontamination Products" 1182:(2nd ed.). Aspen Publishers. 14: 2508: 1400:The Journal of Emergency Medicine 310:after it is formed from xenon by 250:with a predominant energy of 159 1436:. Laboratory Technologies. 2009. 898:, and this role is reserved for 478:The detailed decay mechanism is 1426: 1391: 1364: 1343: 1308: 1293:. February 2003. Archived from 853:Key:XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-AHCXROLUSA-M 242:is 13.2232 hours; the decay by 1412:10.1016/j.jemermed.2009.10.014 1279: 1258: 1167: 1132: 1121: 1010: 1: 1051: 433:Oak Ridge National Laboratory 269: 1385:10.1016/0020-708X(76)90046-6 1153:10.1016/0020-708X(68)90178-6 274:Iodine-123 is produced in a 7: 1019: 10: 2513: 1329:10.2174/187231311796765012 773:Chemical and physical data 544: 209:Complete table of nuclides 2357: 2262: 1975: 1960: 1928: 1793: 1746: 1688: 1651: 1624: 1575: 1552: 1486: 1176:"Radioactive Transitions" 971:(left), gastric and oral 887:and also for the pinhole 836: 819: 797: 787: 777: 772: 740: 720: 692: 667: 639: 634: 609: 604: 579: 574: 203: 189: 172: 167: 155: 143: 124: 102: 92: 85: 68: 51: 39: 29: 24: 2487:Diagnostic endocrinology 1317:Current Chemical Biology 1234:Park HM (January 2002). 1115:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf 1088:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae 936:Dosing can vary; 7.5–25 848:InChI=1S/HI/h1H/p-1/i1-4 473: 45:iodine-123, 123I, I-123, 2193:Gallium (Ga) gozetotide 1737:Iodinated human albumin 1001:metaiodobenzylguanidine 497:of Te that immediately 246:to tellurium-123 emits 1488:Central nervous system 1141:Int J Appl Radiat Isot 992: 2122:Fludeoxyglucose (18F) 2049:Pittsburgh compound B 1690:Cardiovascular system 966: 954:intravenous pyelogram 911:intravenous injection 2168:Fluorothymidine F-18 2163:Fluoroestradiol F-18 2082:Desmethoxyfallypride 1589:Sodium iodohippurate 1475:radiopharmaceuticals 1275:. 10 September 2006. 997:radiopharmaceuticals 563:Sodium iodohippurate 541:Medical applications 523:radiopharmaceuticals 2152:Fluorodeoxysorbitol 1896:Fluoroethyltyrosine 1835:Satumomab pendetide 1360:. 5 September 2006. 969:cerebrospinal fluid 571: 507:internal conversion 318:for more details). 312:neutron irradiation 234:imaging, including 21: 2492:Isotopes of iodine 2238:Piflufolastat F-18 2107:Flotufolastat F-18 2102:Flortaucipir (18F) 1920:Piflufolastat F-18 1891:Fluorodeoxyglucose 1830:Capromab pendetide 1653:Respiratory system 1543:Flutemetamol (18F) 1174:Sprawls P (1993). 1026:Isotopes of iodine 993: 869:iodine uptake test 567: 304:disproportionation 298:, which decays to 205:Isotopes of iodine 119:13.2232(15) h 20:Iodine-123, I 19: 2474: 2473: 2353: 2352: 2247:Rubidium chloride 2213:N-Methylspiperone 2173:Flurpiridaz (18F) 2097:Florbetapir (18F) 2092:Florbetaben (18F) 2044:N-Methylspiperone 1875:Iobenguane (131I) 1862:Iobenguane (123I) 1727:Rubidium chloride 1539:Florbetapir (18F) 1519:Iofetamine (123I) 1189:978-0-8342-0309-9 1103:Chinese Physics C 1076:Chinese Physics C 1046:Iodine in biology 905:I is supplied as 861: 860: 810:Interactive image 793:122.91 g/mol 742:CompTox Dashboard 708:iodide ion:  655:iodide ion:  623: 551:Iofetamine (123I) 214: 213: 94:Natural abundance 16:Isotope of iodine 2504: 2497:Medical isotopes 1973: 1972: 1872: 1859: 1846: 1818:Hynic-octreotide 1626:Gastrointestinal 1524:Iolopride (123I) 1514:Ioflupane (123I) 1467: 1460: 1453: 1444: 1443: 1438: 1437: 1430: 1424: 1423: 1395: 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Retrieved 1295:the original 1290: 1281: 1272: 1260: 1243: 1240:J. Nucl. Med 1239: 1229: 1212: 1209:J. Nucl. Med 1208: 1198: 1179: 1169: 1144: 1140: 1134: 1123: 1106: 1102: 1096: 1079: 1075: 1014: 994: 935: 919:gamma camera 904: 895: 862: 650:2052213-29-1 611:Legal status 605:Legal status 516: 503:ground state 499:gamma decays 477: 456: 452: 430: 423: 385: 381: 339: 335: 316:article on I 273: 256:gamma camera 216: 215: 179:Decay energy 126:Isotope mass 108: 87:Nuclide data 74: 57: 2444:selenium-75 2434:rubidium-82 2424:nitrogen-13 2419:krypton-81m 2384:fluorine-18 2369:chromium-51 2019:Carfentanil 1965:(including 1808:Arcitumomab 1774:Tilmanocept 1764:Exametazime 1707:Tetrofosmin 1500:Exametazime 1473:Diagnostic 1246:(1): 77–8. 1011:Precautions 1003:(MIBG) and 889:collimators 883:of current 635:Identifiers 296:caesium-123 221:radioactive 195:0.159 (159 168:Decay modes 47:radioiodine 2481:Categories 2465:See also: 2414:iodine-131 2409:iodine-125 2404:iodine-123 2399:indium-111 2394:gallium-68 2389:gallium-67 2253:Setoperone 2178:Fluspidine 2158:Fluorodopa 2141:Altanserin 2132:Flumazenil 2087:Fallypride 2054:Raclopride 2039:Methionine 2034:Flumazenil 2005:(Cimbi-36) 1611:Mertiatide 1301:2017-08-31 1052:References 1041:Iodine-131 1036:Iodine-129 1031:Iodine-125 999:, such as 873:metastasis 798:3D model ( 789:Molar mass 731:ChEMBL1249 711:98QPV8670C 703:8YWR746RPQ 658:69239-56-1 641:CAS Number 569:Iodine-123 559:Iobenguane 488:metastable 308:iodine-125 270:Production 262:-123, the 217:Iodine-123 174:Decay mode 2459:xenon-133 2429:oxygen-15 2379:copper-64 2374:cobalt-57 2364:carbon-11 2264:gamma ray 2112:Flubatine 2059:Verapamil 2003:25B-NBOMe 1997:ME@HAPTHI 1813:Votumumab 1769:Sulesomab 1752:infection 1717:Imciromab 1702:Sestamibi 1529:Iomazenil 1337:1872-3136 1005:ioflupane 896:treatment 531:half-life 300:xenon-123 292:xenon-123 288:Xenon-124 276:cyclotron 240:half-life 219:(I) is a 104:Half-life 2128:analogue 1977:positron 1913:Dotatate 1420:20045605 1252:11801707 1020:See also 958:allergen 581:ATC code 230:used in 70:Neutrons 2126:glucose 2070:Ammonia 2014:Choline 2009:Acetate 1967:tracers 1630:Hepatic 1221:1460515 1161:5650883 950:CT scan 923:thyroid 865:thyroid 779:Formula 669:PubChem 597:) 591: ( 535:isotope 533:of the 264:anionic 224:isotope 131:122.905 53:Protons 25:General 2268:photon 2218:Nifene 2203:Mefway 2124:(FDG)- 1871:  1858:  1845:  1675:Tc-MAA 1642:SeHCAT 1418:  1335:  1250:  1219:  1186:  1159:  989:thymus 973:mucosa 917:and a 824:SMILES 722:ChEMBL 683:135300 626:℞-only 624: 561:, and 527:damage 280:proton 266:form. 260:iodide 228:iodine 31:Symbol 2272:SPECT 2232:Water 2188:FMISO 2154:(FDS) 1795:Tumor 1577:Renal 1358:SNMMI 1354:(PDF) 1273:SNMMI 1269:(PDF) 1072:(PDF) 985:ovary 841:InChI 800:JSmol 589:V09AB 474:Decay 314:(see 284:xenon 41:Names 2208:MPPF 2029:DTBZ 2024:DASB 1984:list 1600:ETS2 1416:PMID 1333:ISSN 1291:BNMS 1248:PMID 1217:PMID 1184:ISBN 1157:PMID 987:and 929:and 694:UNII 135:(40) 133:5898 2223:FET 1981:PET 1479:V09 1408:doi 1381:doi 1325:doi 1149:doi 1111:doi 1084:doi 942:μCi 747:EPA 673:CID 594:WHO 519:DNA 501:to 278:by 252:keV 226:of 197:keV 183:MeV 112:1/2 2483:: 2345:Xe 2340:Tl 2335:Tc 2330:Se 2325:Sm 2320:Kr 2300:In 2295:Ga 2290:Co 2285:Cr 2243:Rb 2198:Ga 2077:Cu 1945:/ 1908:Cu 1825:In 1803:Tc 1785:Ga 1780:In 1760:Tc 1723:Rb 1713:In 1698:Tc 1677:, 1671:Tc 1666:Kr 1661:Xe 1638:Se 1613:, 1607:Tc 1595:Cu 1562:Tc 1541:, 1502:, 1496:Tc 1414:. 1404:39 1402:. 1377:27 1375:. 1356:. 1331:. 1319:. 1289:. 1271:. 1244:43 1242:. 1238:. 1213:33 1211:. 1207:. 1178:. 1155:. 1145:19 1143:. 1107:45 1105:. 1080:45 1078:. 1074:. 1059:^ 1007:. 983:, 979:, 975:, 960:. 952:, 933:. 902:. 879:) 620:US 557:, 553:, 549:, 537:. 459:) 448:Te 410:→ 408:Xe 399:→ 397:Cs 388:) 386:2n 377:Xe 353:→ 351:Xe 342:) 340:pn 331:Xe 162:Te 150:Xe 138:Da 81:70 64:53 2315:I 2310:I 2305:I 2278:) 2274:/ 2270:( 2266:/ 2255:) 2249:) 2245:( 2234:) 2230:( 2228:O 2143:) 2139:( 2137:F 2065:N 2061:) 1999:) 1995:( 1993:C 1986:) 1979:( 1969:) 1953:) 1949:( 1947:I 1943:I 1938:I 1881:F 1877:) 1873:( 1868:I 1864:) 1860:( 1855:I 1851:) 1847:( 1842:I 1776:) 1762:( 1750:/ 1739:) 1735:( 1733:I 1729:) 1725:( 1719:) 1715:( 1709:) 1700:( 1681:) 1673:( 1644:) 1640:( 1628:/ 1617:) 1609:( 1591:) 1587:( 1585:I 1568:) 1564:( 1545:) 1537:( 1535:F 1531:) 1512:( 1510:I 1506:) 1498:( 1481:) 1477:( 1466:e 1459:t 1452:v 1422:. 1410:: 1387:. 1383:: 1339:. 1327:: 1321:5 1304:. 1254:. 1223:. 1192:. 1163:. 1151:: 1117:. 1113:: 1090:. 1086:: 900:I 802:) 783:I 749:) 745:( 622:: 468:I 457:n 455:, 453:p 451:( 419:I 384:, 382:p 380:( 362:I 338:, 336:p 334:( 199:) 185:) 181:( 114:) 109:t 107:( 98:0 77:) 75:N 73:( 60:) 58:Z 56:( 35:I

Index

Symbol
Names
Protons
Neutrons
Nuclide data
Natural abundance
Half-life
Isotope mass
Da
Parent isotopes
Xe
Decay products
Te
Decay mode
Decay energy
MeV
keV
Isotopes of iodine
Complete table of nuclides
radioactive
isotope
iodine
nuclear medicine
single-photon emission computed tomography
half-life
electron capture
gamma radiation
keV
gamma camera
iodide

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