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891:
Typically there may also be a sacrifice on e6 or f7. It is important that White try to use the IQP to support an attack or dissolve it before the endgame as it would then become weak. The advance d4–d5 or a tactic forcing Black to capture a piece on e5 and then recapturing with the d4-pawn would be typical ways of achieving this.
911:
d4. It is crucial that Black prevents the d4–d5 break or otherwise renders it harmless. Black will try to exchange pieces as much as possible since the fewer the pieces on the board, the weaker the IQP becomes. Black needs to be wary of White using the e5-square to launch an attack, and keep vigilant for sacrifices on e6 and f7.
390:
Isolated pawns are weak for two reasons. First, the pieces attacking them usually have more flexibility than those defending them. Namely, the attacking pieces enjoy greater freedom to make other threats, while the defending pieces are restricted to the defense of the pawn. A defending piece is said
910:
Black may decide to blockade the pawn on d4 with a piece (most likely a knight) or prevent its advance long enough to increase pressure on it until it falls. It is likely Black will try to place rooks on the open c-file and semi-open d-file to increase their activity and to increase the pressure on
890:
Making use of this arrangement of pieces White may plan to either advance thematically with d4–d5 opening the position and dissolving the IQP, or use the greater activity of his pieces to launch an attack probably making use of the e5-square for a knight and possibly lifting a rook to the kingside.
402:
or other enemy piece, since it is immune to attack by a pawn. Also, an enemy piece on this square cannot be attacked by rooks, except from the sides or rear, since the file it is on is blocked by the isolated pawn. Thus an isolated pawn provides a typical example of what
309:. In addition to the open or half-open c- and e-files, the isolated queen pawn can provide good outposts on the c- and e-file squares diagonally forward of the pawn, which are especially favourable for the player's knights. The isolated queen pawn position favours a
458:
Similarly, when the isolani is on the third or fourth rank, the absence of adjoining pawns prevents the player from attacking or defending the square ahead of it (e.g. for White, squares d4 or d5, respectively). Because these squares are important
483:. Once the game reaches the endgame, the pawn's isolation becomes more of a weakness than a strength. Therefore, the player with the IQP must take advantage of its strength before an endgame is reached.
479:
king (e-) and queen's bishop (c-) files, however, as well as the outposts (for White) at e5 and c5, enable the player with the IQP favourable attacking chances in the
302:, providing two lanes of attack for the rooks and the queen. The absence of adjacent pawns may also aid mobilization of the player's knights and bishops.
900:
has three pieces controlling the weak d5-square (king's knight, light-squared bishop, and e6-pawn). This helps to prevent White's thematic d4–d5 advance.
1449:
439:, the pawn is important enough that the player must consistently defend it, but with no pawns available for its defense, the player must "tie down" a
333:
s due to the absence of friendly pawns on the c- and e-files. Isolated queen pawns, however, suffer from the same weaknesses as other isolated pawns.
495:
each, an IQP is an advantage; with three minor pieces each, it is about even; and with two or fewer minor pieces each, it is a disadvantage.
267:. Isolated pawns are usually a weakness because they cannot be protected by other pawns. The square in front of the pawn may become a good
2683:
886:
has pinned the f6-knight against the black queen with the dark-squared bishop on g5 reducing Black's control of the crucial d5-square.
2235:
2698:
2658:
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has the dark-squared bishop pinning White's queen's knight to the e1-rook to reduce White's control of the crucial d5-square.
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squares, the player will frequently be required to keep one or more pieces committed to the square's attack or defense.
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394:
The second reason is that the square immediately in front of the isolated pawn is weak, often providing an excellent
877:
has a knight ready to jump into the e5-square which the IQP supports. This can be a jumping-off point for an attack.
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has two pieces controlling the weak d5-square in front of the IQP (queen's knight and light-squared bishop).
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has the light-squared bishop well-placed to control the weakened light squares in the centre of the board.
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to be "tied down" to the pawn, since it must stay rooted to the spot until the attacking piece has moved.
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has three pieces preparing the thematic d4–d5 advance (queen's knight, light-squared bishop, and queen).
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that offset or even outweigh their weaknesses. The files adjacent to the isolated pawn are either
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The diagram shows some of the optimum piece placements for both sides in an IQP position.
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1005:"Vladimir Kramnik vs. Garry Kasparov, Classical World Championship Match (2000), London"
1004:
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Position after 12.Rc1. White has an isolated queen pawn but better piece development.
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1911:
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for the opponent to anchor pieces. Isolated pawns most often become weaker in the
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20:
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1988:
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1140:
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520:
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341:
299:
387:. In the diagram, the white pawn on e4 and the black pawn on a7 are isolated.
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2516:
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2020:
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1824:
1779:
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1747:
1579:
1341:
1279:
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920:
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320:
305:
An isolated pawn on the d-file is called an isolated queen pawn or simply an
272:
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1921:
1884:
1767:
1378:
1373:
1331:
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455:(in the opening, usually the king's knight or the queen) with that task.
423:, is often a special case. An isolated queen pawn is one on the queen's
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1879:
1715:
1705:
1638:
1622:
1314:
1385:
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2162:
2122:
1725:
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248:
1113:
Secrets of Modern Chess
Strategy: Advances Since Nimzowitsch
19:"Isolani" redirects here. For the Dominican theologian, see
1228:
937:
275:, as there are fewer pieces available to protect the pawn.
949:
874:
has rooks placed on the open c-file and semi-open e-file.
435:
Given the strategic and (usually) tactical importance of
2902:
1132:
985:
383:
because they cannot be defended by other pawns as with
242:White's e-pawn, and Black's a-pawn, are isolated.
2925:
1049:This book is entirely about the isolated d-pawn.
526:
431:(d-file). Its weakness arises from two factors:
27:
16:Pawn without any friendly pawn on adjacent files
278:Isolated pawns can, however, provide improved
1148:
1077:
979:
967:
955:
943:
1155:
1141:
1052:
991:
484:
259:that has no friendly pawn on an adjacent
507:of the pawn by Black are common themes.
419:An isolated queen pawn (IQP), called an
340:can lead to isolated pawns, such as the
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100:
93:
86:
79:
72:
63:
379:, isolated pawns are a weakness in
13:
1101:
14:
2950:
286:and associated opportunities for
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2572:List of strong chess tournaments
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1545:Gökyay Association Chess Museum
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2670:Computer chess championships
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2447:Bishop and knight checkmate
1058:Starting Out: the Caro-Kann
914:
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10:
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2615:Other world championships
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2457:Opposite-coloured bishops
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499:of the pawn by White and
317:attack, freeing both the
2589:World Chess Championship
1550:World Chess Hall of Fame
894:
868:
487:proposed that with four
365:to describe chess moves.
2883:Simultaneous exhibition
2793:Chess newspaper columns
2482:Rook and bishop vs rook
2467:Queen and pawn vs queen
1032:Winning Pawn Structures
2333:Richter–Veresov Attack
2321:Queen's Indian Defence
2599:Candidates Tournament
2487:Rook and pawn vs rook
2452:King and pawn vs king
2403:List of chess gambits
2306:King's Indian Defence
1984:Isolated Queen's Pawn
1508:List of chess players
1450:Top player comparison
1249:Internet chess server
437:control of the centre
2311:Nimzo-Indian Defence
2207:Scandinavian Defense
2168:Semi-Italian Opening
2073:King's Indian Attack
1962:first-move advantage
1615:Threefold repetition
1540:Bobby Fischer Center
1425:Charlemagne chessmen
1419:Göttingen manuscript
1383:
1224:Correspondence chess
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346:Nimzo-Indian Defence
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2544:Two knights endgame
2291:Bogo-Indian Defence
2178:Two Knights Defense
2118:Nimzowitsch Defence
1808:Artificial castling
1445:Soviet chess school
1320:Dubrovnik chess set
1117:Gambit Publications
982:, pp. 241–242.
970:, pp. 241–243.
415:Isolated queen pawn
329:dark-squared bishop
2774:endgame literature
2316:Old Indian Defense
2226:Accelerated Dragon
2098:Alekhine's Defence
1830:Checkmate patterns
1699:symbols in Unicode
1694:annotation symbols
1457:Geography of chess
1325:Staunton chess set
1028:Baburin, Alexander
980:Nimzowitsch (2016)
968:Nimzowitsch (2016)
956:Nimzowitsch (2016)
944:Nimzowitsch (2016)
363:algebraic notation
361:This article uses
2934:Chess terminology
2921:
2920:
2798:Chess periodicals
2727:Chess in the arts
2659:Chess composition
2497:Philidor position
2433:
2432:
2375:Trompowsky Attack
2358:Semi-Slav Defence
2248:Queen's Pawn Game
2128:Four Knights Game
2103:Caro–Kann Defence
2068:Zukertort Opening
1855:Discovered attack
1575:Cheating in chess
1412:Versus de scachis
1079:Nimzowitsch, Aron
1045:978-0-7134-8009-2
946:, pp. 31–32.
858:
857:
240:
239:
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2908:Chess portal
2906:
2905:
2849:Leela Chess Zero
2780:Oxford Companion
2732:early literature
2722:Chess aesthetics
2462:Pawnless endgame
2413:Bongcloud Attack
2391:List of openings
2363:Chigorin Defense
2301:GrĂĽnfeld Defence
2212:Sicilian Defence
2158:Ponziani Opening
2153:Philidor Defence
2148:Petrov's Defence
2090:King's Pawn Game
2063:Larsen's Opening
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1087:, New in Chess,
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992:Gallagher (2002)
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485:Gallagher (2002)
471:The presence of
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405:Wilhelm Steinitz
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2788:Chess libraries
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2609:FIDE Grand Prix
2604:Chess World Cup
2558:
2554:Wrong rook pawn
2492:Lucena position
2429:
2379:
2296:Catalan Opening
2271:English Defence
2256:Budapest Gambit
2242:
2200:Austrian Attack
2084:
2053:English Opening
2015:
2011:School of chess
1994:Minority attack
1926:
1895:Queen sacrifice
1794:
1655:
1651:White and Black
1646:Touch-move rule
1605:Perpetual check
1600:Fifty-move rule
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1102:Further reading
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385:connected pawns
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21:Isidoro Isolani
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2939:Chess strategy
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2577:Chess Olympiad
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2423:Scholar's mate
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2338:Queen's Gambit
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2324:
2323:
2318:
2313:
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2303:
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2288:
2283:
2281:Benoni Defence
2276:Indian Defence
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2263:
2258:
2252:
2250:
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2241:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2219:
2209:
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2202:
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2190:Owen's Defence
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2113:Modern Defence
2110:
2108:French Defence
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2100:
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2043:Bird's Opening
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1974:Pawn structure
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1731:Half-open file
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1674:Chess notation
1671:
1665:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1631:
1629:Pawn promotion
1626:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1566:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1532:
1530:Women in chess
1527:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1476:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1440:Hypermodernism
1437:
1435:Romantic chess
1432:
1430:Lewis chessmen
1427:
1422:
1415:
1402:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1381:
1376:
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1304:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1268:world rankings
1260:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1246:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1197:Computer chess
1194:
1193:
1192:
1182:
1176:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1094:978-9056916596
1093:
1075:
1070:
1062:Everyman Chess
1054:Gallagher, Joe
1050:
1044:
1017:
1016:
1010:Chessgames.com
996:
994:, p. 140.
984:
972:
960:
958:, p. 241.
948:
935:
933:
930:
929:
928:
923:
916:
913:
908:
907:
904:
901:
896:
893:
888:
887:
884:
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878:
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870:
867:
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855:
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847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
825:
822:
818:
817:
814:
810:
809:
806:
802:
801:
798:
794:
793:
790:
786:
785:
782:
778:
777:
774:
770:
769:
766:
758:
751:
744:
737:
730:
723:
716:
709:
702:
695:
688:
681:
674:
667:
660:
653:
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639:
632:
625:
618:
611:
604:
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583:
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569:
563:
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557:
556:
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551:
548:
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542:
539:
536:
533:
530:
525:
515:
514:
512:
509:
469:
468:
456:
416:
413:
381:pawn structure
372:
369:
360:
359:
354:Queen's Gambit
342:French Defence
241:
238:
237:
235:
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
217:
214:
211:
208:
207:
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58:
57:
55:
52:
49:
46:
43:
40:
37:
34:
31:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2951:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2889:
2888:Solving chess
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2878:Chess prodigy
2876:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2861:Chess problem
2859:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
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2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2769:opening books
2767:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2757:short stories
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:Art and media
2708:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
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2680:
2677:
2675:
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2640:
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2600:
2597:
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2583:
2580:
2579:
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2575:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2522:triangulation
2520:
2518:
2517:Tarrasch rule
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2477:Queen vs rook
2475:
2473:
2472:Queen vs pawn
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2424:
2421:
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2397:
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2371:
2368:
2364:
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2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2328:London System
2326:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2286:Modern Benoni
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2266:Dutch Defence
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2143:King's Gambit
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2058:Grob's Attack
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2048:Dunst Opening
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2038:Benko Opening
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2030:Flank opening
2027:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
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1905:
1903:
1900:
1896:
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1892:
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1881:
1878:
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1816:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1785:Transposition
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
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1736:
1732:
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1728:
1727:
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1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1670:
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1666:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1535:Chess museums
1533:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1503:Notable games
1501:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1388:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1292:World records
1290:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1263:Rating system
1261:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1128:
1126:1-90198-307-2
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1096:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1071:1-85744-303-9
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1000:
993:
988:
981:
976:
969:
964:
957:
952:
945:
940:
936:
927:
926:Doubled pawns
924:
922:
921:Backward pawn
919:
918:
912:
905:
902:
899:
898:
892:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
872:
866:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
828:
827:
823:
820:
819:
815:
812:
811:
807:
804:
803:
799:
796:
795:
791:
788:
787:
783:
780:
779:
775:
772:
771:
767:
559:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
529:
528:
522:
518:
508:
505:
498:
493:
486:
482:
478:
474:
465:
457:
453:
445:
438:
434:
433:
432:
429:
422:
412:
410:
406:
401:
397:
392:
388:
386:
382:
378:
364:
357:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
334:
331:
323:
315:
308:
303:
301:
297:
292:
284:
276:
274:
270:
265:
258:
254:
253:isolated pawn
250:
236:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
210:
209:
205:
202:
201:
197:
194:
193:
189:
186:
185:
181:
178:
177:
173:
170:
169:
165:
162:
161:
157:
154:
153:
149:
60:
59:
56:
53:
50:
47:
44:
41:
38:
35:
32:
30:
29:
22:
2834:Chess engine
2819:Chess boxing
2779:
2549:Wrong bishop
2396:theory table
2370:Torre Attack
2353:Slav Defence
2261:Colle System
2236:Scheveningen
2195:Pirc Defence
2138:Italian Game
2133:Giuoco Piano
2078:RĂ©ti Opening
2001:Piece values
1989:MarĂłczy Bind
1983:
1950:the exchange
1940:Compensation
1870:Interference
1860:Double check
1762:
1634:Time control
1621:
1595:by agreement
1523:grandmasters
1467:South Africa
1417:
1410:
1386:Score sheets
1332:Chess pieces
1239:Online chess
1185:Chess titles
1180:Chess theory
1112:
1109:Watson, John
1082:
1057:
1031:
1021:Bibliography
1020:
1019:
1008:
999:
987:
975:
963:
951:
939:
909:
889:
864:
491:minor pieces
470:
420:
418:
409:weak squares
408:
393:
389:
374:
335:
306:
304:
277:
252:
246:
2764:Chess books
2564:Tournaments
2418:Fool's mate
2183:Vienna Game
2173:Scotch Game
2006:Prophylaxis
1922:Zwischenzug
1907:Undermining
1875:Overloading
1835:Combination
1684:descriptive
1379:Chess table
1374:Chess clock
1190:Grandmaster
451:major piece
290:counterplay
282:development
2928:Categories
2871:joke chess
2824:Chess club
2512:opposition
1969:Middlegame
1957:Initiative
1880:Pawn storm
1845:Deflection
1716:Key square
1706:Fianchetto
1639:Fast chess
1623:En passant
1315:chessboard
932:References
481:middlegame
2854:Stockfish
2844:Deep Blue
2839:AlphaZero
2747:paintings
2539:Tablebase
2503:Strategy
2408:Irregular
2163:Ruy Lopez
2123:Open Game
1890:Sacrifice
1850:Desperado
1753:connected
1726:Open file
1721:King walk
1679:algebraic
1610:Stalemate
1585:Checkmate
1310:Chess set
1302:Equipment
1084:My System
1081:(2016) ,
497:Sacrifice
477:half-open
350:Caro–Kann
300:half-open
2913:Category
2866:glossary
2527:Zugzwang
2507:fortress
2439:Endgames
2348:Declined
2343:Accepted
2021:Openings
1979:Hedgehog
1945:Exchange
1932:Strategy
1912:Windmill
1763:isolated
1748:backward
1570:Castling
1513:amateurs
1406:Timeline
1280:Variants
1234:Glossary
1217:software
1202:glossary
1111:(1999),
1056:(2002),
1036:Batsford
1030:(2003),
915:See also
523:, 2000
521:Kasparov
511:Strategy
503:blockade
371:Weakness
338:openings
336:Several
313:kingside
2814:Arbiter
2807:Related
2664:Solving
2654:Amateur
2231:Najdorf
1813:Battery
1800:Tactics
1775:Swindle
1758:doubled
1738:Outpost
1669:Blunder
1484:Armenia
1398:History
1244:Premove
1212:engines
1207:matches
1172:Outline
517:Kramnik
463:central
421:isolani
407:called
396:outpost
377:endgame
375:In the
307:isolani
273:endgame
269:outpost
2752:poetry
2742:novels
2717:CaĂŻssa
2649:Senior
2639:Junior
2222:Dragon
2217:Alapin
1902:Skewer
1768:passed
1711:Gambit
1518:female
1479:Europe
1462:Africa
1357:Knight
1352:Bishop
1123:
1091:
1068:
1042:
400:knight
398:for a
321:light-
2699:WCSCC
2644:Youth
2634:Blitz
2629:Rapid
2619:Women
2582:Women
2534:Study
2384:Other
1917:X-ray
1840:Decoy
1825:Block
1780:Tempo
1743:Pawns
1661:Terms
1580:Check
1562:Rules
1496:India
1489:Spain
1474:China
1367:Fairy
1342:Queen
1273:norms
1164:Chess
895:Black
869:White
443:minor
255:is a
251:, an
249:chess
2737:film
2694:WCCC
2689:TCEC
2679:CSVN
2624:Team
2594:List
1865:Fork
1790:Trap
1590:Draw
1362:Pawn
1347:Rook
1337:King
1285:List
1254:list
1229:FIDE
1121:ISBN
1089:ISBN
1066:ISBN
1040:ISBN
519:vs.
473:open
427:file
352:and
325:and
296:open
263:file
257:pawn
2674:CCC
1885:Pin
1689:PGN
475:or
447:or
298:or
247:In
2930::
1119:,
1115:,
1064:,
1060:,
1038:,
1034:,
1007:.
411:.
356:.
348:,
344:,
2224:/
1156:e
1149:t
1142:v
1013:.
852:h
849:g
846:f
843:e
840:d
837:c
834:b
831:a
824:1
821:1
816:2
813:2
808:3
805:3
800:4
797:4
792:5
789:5
784:6
781:6
776:7
773:7
768:8
560:8
553:h
550:g
547:f
544:e
541:d
538:c
535:b
532:a
234:h
231:g
228:f
225:e
222:d
219:c
216:b
213:a
206:1
203:1
198:2
195:2
190:3
187:3
182:4
179:4
174:5
171:5
166:6
163:6
158:7
155:7
150:8
61:8
54:h
51:g
48:f
45:e
42:d
39:c
36:b
33:a
23:.
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