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Pawn (chess)

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Outside of the game of chess, "pawn" is often taken to mean "one who is manipulated to serve another's purpose". Because the pawn is the weakest piece, it is often used metaphorically to indicate unimportance or outright disposability, only having utility in the ability to be controlled; for example,
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The diagrammed position might appear roughly equal, because each side has a king and three pawns, and the positions of the kings are about equal. In truth, White wins this endgame on the strength of the protected passed pawn, regardless which player moves first. The black king cannot be on both sides
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While some chess sets include an extra queen of each color, most standard sets do not come with additional pieces, so the physical piece used to replace a promoted pawn on the board is usually one that was previously captured. In informal games, when the correct piece is not available, an additional
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A pawn may move by vertically advancing to a vacant square ahead. The first time a pawn moves, it has the additional option of vertically advancing two squares, provided that both squares are vacant. Unlike other pieces, the pawn can only move forwards. In the second diagram, the pawn on c4 can move
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to a queen, rook, bishop, or knight of the same color. The pawn is replaced by the new piece on the same move. The choice of promotion is not limited to pieces that have been captured; thus, a player could, in theory, have as many as nine queens, ten rooks, ten bishops, or ten knights on the board.
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capture can occur after a pawn makes a move of two squares and the square it passes over is attacked by an enemy pawn. The enemy pawn is entitled to capture the moved pawn "in passing" as if the latter had advanced only one square. The capturing pawn moves to the square over which the moved pawn
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on which they stand. For example, one speaks of "White's f-pawn" or "Black's b-pawn". Alternatively, they can be referred to by the piece which stood on that file at the beginning of the game, e.g. "White's king bishop's pawn" or "Black's queen knight's pawn". It is also common to refer to a
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queen is often indicated by inverting a previously captured rook or by placing two pawns on the same square. In tournament games, however, this is not acceptable; in the former case, it may result in the arbiter ruling that the upturned piece is in fact a rook.
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passed pawn on h5. Because endgames are often won by the player who can promote a pawn first, having a passed pawn in an endgame can be decisive – especially a protected passed pawn (a passed pawn that is protected by a pawn). In this vein, a pawn
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Pawns which are both doubled and isolated are typically a tangible weakness. A single piece or pawn in front of doubled isolated pawns blocks both of them, and cannot be easily dislodged. It is rare for a player to have three pawns in a file, i.e.
61:. It may move one square directly forward, it may move two squares directly forward on its first move, and it may capture one square diagonally forward. Each player begins a game with eight pawns, one on each square of their second 1008:
Unlike other pieces, the pawn does not capture in the same way that it moves. A pawn captures by moving diagonally forward one square to the left or right (see diagram), either replacing an enemy piece on its square or capturing
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There are situations where doubled pawns confer some advantage, typically when the guarding of consecutive squares in a file by the pawns prevents an invasion by the opponent's pieces.
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of the board at once – to defend the isolated h-pawn and to stop White's c-pawn from advancing to promotion. Thus White can capture the h-pawn and then win the game.
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In the diagram, Black has an isolated pawn on d5. If all the pieces except the kings and pawns were removed, the weakness of that pawn might prove fatal to Black in the
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A pawn can move to the square directly in front of itself if that square is not occupied. A pawn on its starting rank has the option of moving two squares in one turn.
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capture intends to prevent a pawn on its initial square from safely bypassing a square controlled by an enemy pawn. The rule for promotion has changed throughout
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on c8, which is prevented by the black pawns from finding a good square or helping out on the kingside. On the other hand, White's central pawns are somewhat
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to gain a significant material advantage, among other reasons. Underpromotion to rook or bishop is used to avoid or induce stalemate or for humorous reasons.
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of two or more pawns of each color, where each player controls squares of one color. In the diagram, Black and White have locked their d- and e-pawns.
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must be exercised on the move immediately following the double-step pawn advance, or it is lost for the remainder of the game. The
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Pawns on adjacent files can support each other in attack and defense. A pawn which has no friendly pawns in adjacent files is an
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In medieval chess, as an attempt to make the pieces more interesting, each pawn was given the name of a commoner's occupation:
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advantage. White will have an easier time than Black in finding good squares for their pieces, particularly with an eye to the
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Because pawns capture diagonally and can be blocked from moving straight forward, opposing pawns can become locked in diagonal
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The pawn may capture either the rook or the knight, but not the bishop, which blocks the pawn from moving directly forward.
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capture is the only capture in chess in which the capturing piece does not replace the captured piece on the same square.
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and vulnerable to attack. Black can undermine the white pawn chain with an immediate ...c5 and perhaps a later ...f6.
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passed (see diagram), and the moved pawn is removed from the board. The option to capture the moved pawn
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City guard or policeman (in front of the left-side knight, as knights trained city guards in real life)
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Gambler and other "lowlifes", also messengers (in the left-most file, that direction being literally
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The most famous example of this is found in the second book ever printed in the English language,
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A pawn which cannot be blocked or captured by enemy pawns in its advance to promotion is a
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Each player begins the game with eight pawns placed along their second rank.
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Blacksmith (in front of the right-side knight, as they cared for the horses)
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Weaver/clerk (in front of the right-side bishop, as they worked for bishops)
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After a capture with a pawn, a player may end up with two pawns on the same
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Worker/farmer (in front of the right-side rook, as they worked for castles)
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The black pawn has just moved from c7 to c5. The white pawn can capture it
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The pieces bear the names: Koenig, Dame, Turm, Laeufer, Springer, Bauer
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The ability to move two spaces and the related ability to capture
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shell or a coin of little value. In Turkish the pawn is called
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The pawn has its origins in the oldest version of chess,
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Controversial Finish To Canadian Championship -- Update
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in Polish), its Latin ancestor or some other word for
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Archived from 72:Individual pawns are referred to by the 53:(♙, ♟) is the most numerous and weakest 2347: 2291: 2284: 2277: 2207: 2193: 1743: 1736: 1680: 1673: 1659: 1652: 1645: 1582: 1349: 1342: 1321: 1314: 1181: 1174: 1153: 1146: 870: 704: 697: 504: 497: 483: 476: 469: 462: 6591: 1750: 1589: 1328: 1160: 1050:Promotion to a queen is also known as 877: 4801: 4601: 4457:, Octopus Books Limited, p. 11, 4455:Play better chess with Leonard Barden 4332: 4070:defines three codepoints for a pawn: 2577:. Purportedly, this book, printed by 2361: 2354: 2340: 2333: 2326: 2319: 2312: 2305: 2298: 2270: 2263: 2256: 2249: 2242: 2235: 2228: 2221: 2214: 2200: 2186: 2177: 2098:White wins with either side to move. 1998: 1991: 1984: 1977: 1970: 1963: 1956: 1949: 1940: 1764: 1757: 1729: 1722: 1715: 1708: 1701: 1694: 1687: 1666: 1638: 1631: 1624: 1617: 1610: 1603: 1596: 1575: 1566: 1499:. Black, in contrast, suffers from a 1356: 1335: 1307: 1300: 1293: 1286: 1279: 1272: 1265: 1258: 1251: 1244: 1237: 1230: 1223: 1216: 1209: 1202: 1195: 1188: 1167: 1139: 1130: 891: 884: 861: 711: 690: 681: 511: 490: 455: 448: 439: 295: 288: 281: 274: 267: 260: 253: 246: 239: 232: 225: 218: 211: 204: 197: 190: 181: 4280:"The United States Chess Federation" 2616:is derived from the Old French word 1058:. Underpromotion is most often to a 636: 139: 4157: 4011: 3916:காலாள் / சிப்பாய் (kālāḷ / cippāy) 2710:"She's only a pawn in their game." 2505:In chess endgames with a bishop, a 2113:passed pawn on c5 and Black has an 13: 4473:An Illustrated Dictionary of Chess 2883:বোড়ে / সৈন্য (boṛe / śoinno) 2494: 1864:Black has an isolated pawn on d5. 14: 6610: 4576: 4234:"The history of the chess pieces" 4160:"Chess Pieces and their Meanings" 4129:King and pawn versus king endgame 1082: 6566: 6237:List of strong chess tournaments 4627: 2702:, borrowed from the French word 2574:The Game and Playe of the Chesse 2360: 2353: 2346: 2339: 2332: 2325: 2318: 2311: 2304: 2297: 2290: 2283: 2276: 2269: 2262: 2255: 2248: 2241: 2234: 2227: 2220: 2213: 2206: 2199: 2192: 2185: 2179: 1997: 1990: 1983: 1976: 1969: 1962: 1955: 1948: 1942: 1763: 1756: 1749: 1742: 1735: 1728: 1721: 1714: 1707: 1700: 1693: 1686: 1679: 1672: 1665: 1658: 1651: 1644: 1637: 1630: 1623: 1616: 1609: 1602: 1595: 1588: 1581: 1574: 1568: 1518: 1355: 1348: 1341: 1334: 1327: 1320: 1313: 1306: 1299: 1292: 1285: 1278: 1271: 1264: 1257: 1250: 1243: 1236: 1229: 1222: 1215: 1208: 1201: 1194: 1187: 1180: 1173: 1166: 1159: 1152: 1145: 1138: 1132: 890: 883: 876: 869: 863: 710: 703: 696: 689: 683: 510: 503: 496: 489: 482: 475: 468: 461: 454: 447: 441: 294: 287: 280: 273: 266: 259: 252: 245: 238: 231: 224: 217: 210: 203: 196: 189: 183: 35: 23: 5210:Gökyay Association Chess Museum 4412: 4399: 4379: 4353: 4326: 3995:пішак / пішка (pishak / pishka) 2782:بيدق / عسكري (baidaq / `askarī) 2129: 395:Initial placement of the pawns 4314: 4293: 4282:. Main.uschess.org. 2013-01-23 4251: 4226: 4213: 4193: 4177: 4151: 2717:Overview of chess piece names 2555:Doctor (in front of the queen) 2523:that would otherwise be wins. 2109:. In the diagram, White has a 1889: 112:, or more particularly, armed 1: 6335:Computer chess championships 4555:The Oxford Companion to Chess 4443: 4333:Zusne, Leonard (2008-07-30). 642:Example of regular capturing 1483:Here, White has a long-term 1034: 631: 7: 6112:Bishop and knight checkmate 4531:(revised ed.), McKay, 4303:. Gutenberg.org. 2007-01-18 4091: 4088:U+1FA05 Neutral Chess Pawn 2656:, Danish/Norwegian/Swedish 2461:Black has doubled c-pawns. 1460:after 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 1077: 10: 6615: 6280:Other world championships 4528:Basic Chess Endings (1941) 4210:, chess.com, 12 July, 2017 4109:Chess piece relative value 4060: 4056: 2706:in the 19th century. 2526: 2498: 2133: 1893: 1522: 1456:Locked pawn chains in the 1086: 1054:and to any other piece as 1038: 122: 93:(on the c- or f-files), a 89:(on the b- or g-files), a 6561: 6471: 6374: 6227: 6102: 6048: 5911: 5753: 5693: 5684: 5595: 5463: 5324: 5225: 5061: 4965: 4835: 4827: 4764: 4676: 4635: 4471:Brace, Edward R. (1977), 3315: 3309: 2939: 2746: 2731: 2726: 1062:, typically to execute a 6254:World Chess Championship 6122:Opposite-colored bishops 5215:World Chess Hall of Fame 4504:, Dover (1976 reprint), 4500:A Guide to Chess Endings 4145: 4082:U+265F Black Chess Pawn 4076:U+2659 White Chess Pawn 4063:Chess symbols in Unicode 2608:Etymology and word usage 129:to describe chess moves. 105:(on the d- or e-files). 6548:Simultaneous exhibition 6458:Chess newspaper columns 6147:Rook and bishop vs rook 6132:Queen and pawn vs queen 4592:The Chess Variant Pages 4560:Oxford University Press 4366:www.merriam-webster.com 4321:Hooper & Whyld 1996 4263:March 13, 2008, at the 4184:Hooper & Whyld 1996 3781:pješak / pion / pijun ( 101:(on the e-file), and a 5998:Richter–Veresov Attack 5986:Queen's Indian Defense 2697: 2681: 2669: 2662: 2652: 2646: 2640: 1901:From Fine & Benko 135:Placement and movement 6264:Candidates Tournament 6152:Rook and pawn vs rook 6117:King and pawn vs king 6068:List of chess gambits 5971:King's Indian Defense 5649:Isolated Queen's Pawn 5173:List of chess players 5115:Top player comparison 4914:Internet chess server 4221:Fine & Benko 2003 3785:пешак / пион / пијун) 2690:), which signifies a 2666:. In Irish, the term 819:Example of capturing 5976:Nimzo-Indian Defense 5872:Scandinavian Defense 5833:Semi-Italian Opening 5738:King's Indian Attack 5627:first-move advantage 5280:Threefold repetition 5205:Bobby Fischer Center 5090:Charlemagne chessmen 5084:Göttingen manuscript 5048: 4889:Correspondence chess 4361:"Definition of PAWN" 3564:(kaalal / padayaali) 2506: 2467: 1508: 1500: 1492: 1484: 1473: 73: 62: 6209:Two knights endgame 5956:Bogo-Indian Defense 5843:Two Knights Defense 5783:Nimzowitsch Defense 5473:Artificial castling 5110:Soviet chess school 4985:Dubrovnik chess set 4589:and Fergus Duniho, 4583:Piececlopedia: Pawn 4392:The Free Dictionary 4186:, pp. 124–25. 2718: 97:(on the d-file), a 6439:endgame literature 5981:Old Indian Defense 5891:Accelerated Dragon 5763:Alekhine's Defense 5495:Checkmate patterns 5364:symbols in Unicode 5359:annotation symbols 5122:Geography of chess 4990:Staunton chess set 4787:Staunton chess set 4782:Piece point values 4206:2020-11-09 at the 4164:The Whyville Times 3322:little chess piece 2716: 127:algebraic notation 125:This article uses 6586: 6585: 6463:Chess periodicals 6392:Chess in the arts 6324:Chess composition 6162:Philidor position 6098: 6097: 6040:Trompowsky Attack 6023:Semi-Slav Defense 5913:Queen's Pawn Game 5793:Four Knights Game 5768:Caro–Kann Defense 5733:Zukertort Opening 5520:Discovered attack 5240:Cheating in chess 5077:Versus de scachis 4795: 4794: 4552:(1996) , "pawn", 4054: 4053: 4027:tốt / chốt / binh 3629:Norwegian Nynorsk 2459: 2458: 2096: 2095: 1862: 1861: 1454: 1453: 1041:Promotion (chess) 1005: 1004: 995:by moving to c6. 989: 988: 809: 808: 621: 620: 609: 608: 393: 392: 6606: 6573:Chess portal 6571: 6570: 6514:Leela Chess Zero 6445:Oxford Companion 6397:early literature 6387:Chess aesthetics 6127:Pawnless endgame 6078:Bongcloud Attack 6056:List of openings 6028:Chigorin Defense 5966:Grünfeld Defense 5877:Sicilian Defence 5823:Ponziani Opening 5818:Philidor Defense 5813:Petrov's Defense 5755:King's Pawn Game 5728:Larsen's Opening 5691: 5690: 5052: 4822: 4815: 4808: 4799: 4798: 4622: 4615: 4608: 4599: 4598: 4572: 4558:(2nd ed.), 4541: 4514: 4503: 4485: 4467: 4438: 4437: 4432: 4430: 4416: 4410: 4403: 4397: 4396: 4383: 4377: 4376: 4374: 4373: 4357: 4351: 4350: 4330: 4324: 4318: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4308: 4297: 4291: 4290: 4288: 4287: 4276: 4267: 4255: 4249: 4248: 4246: 4245: 4230: 4224: 4217: 4211: 4197: 4191: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4172: 4170: 4155: 4087: 4081: 4075: 4014: 4013: 3654:ସୈନିକ (sôinikô) 3611:Norwegian Bokmål 3562:കാലാള്‍ / പടയാളി 3408:пешка (peşka) / 3390:ಪದಾತಿ (padaati) 3318: 3317: 3312: 3311: 3220:gyalog / paraszt 2942: 2941: 2749: 2748: 2719: 2715: 2700: 2684: 2672: 2665: 2655: 2649: 2643: 2510: 2471: 2364: 2363: 2357: 2356: 2350: 2349: 2343: 2342: 2336: 2335: 2329: 2328: 2322: 2321: 2315: 2314: 2308: 2307: 2301: 2300: 2294: 2293: 2287: 2286: 2280: 2279: 2273: 2272: 2266: 2265: 2259: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2245: 2244: 2238: 2237: 2231: 2230: 2224: 2223: 2217: 2216: 2210: 2209: 2203: 2202: 2196: 2195: 2189: 2188: 2183: 2182: 2142: 2001: 2000: 1994: 1993: 1987: 1986: 1980: 1979: 1973: 1972: 1966: 1965: 1959: 1958: 1952: 1951: 1946: 1945: 1905: 1767: 1766: 1760: 1759: 1753: 1752: 1746: 1745: 1739: 1738: 1732: 1731: 1725: 1724: 1718: 1717: 1711: 1710: 1704: 1703: 1697: 1696: 1690: 1689: 1683: 1682: 1676: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1662: 1661: 1655: 1654: 1648: 1647: 1641: 1640: 1634: 1633: 1627: 1626: 1620: 1619: 1613: 1612: 1606: 1605: 1599: 1598: 1592: 1591: 1585: 1584: 1578: 1577: 1572: 1571: 1531: 1512: 1504: 1496: 1488: 1477: 1359: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1345: 1344: 1338: 1337: 1331: 1330: 1324: 1323: 1317: 1316: 1310: 1309: 1303: 1302: 1296: 1295: 1289: 1288: 1282: 1281: 1275: 1274: 1268: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1254: 1253: 1247: 1246: 1240: 1239: 1233: 1232: 1226: 1225: 1219: 1218: 1212: 1211: 1205: 1204: 1198: 1197: 1191: 1190: 1184: 1183: 1177: 1176: 1170: 1169: 1163: 1162: 1156: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1142: 1141: 1136: 1135: 1095: 894: 893: 887: 886: 880: 879: 873: 872: 867: 866: 826: 714: 713: 707: 706: 700: 699: 693: 692: 687: 686: 646: 637: 514: 513: 507: 506: 500: 499: 493: 492: 486: 485: 479: 478: 472: 471: 465: 464: 458: 457: 451: 450: 445: 444: 404: 298: 297: 291: 290: 284: 283: 277: 276: 270: 269: 263: 262: 256: 255: 249: 248: 242: 241: 235: 234: 228: 227: 221: 220: 214: 213: 207: 206: 200: 199: 193: 192: 187: 186: 146: 140: 77: 66: 39: 27: 6614: 6613: 6609: 6608: 6607: 6605: 6604: 6603: 6589: 6588: 6587: 6582: 6565: 6557: 6467: 6453:Chess libraries 6370: 6274:FIDE Grand Prix 6269:Chess World Cup 6223: 6219:Wrong rook pawn 6157:Lucena position 6094: 6044: 5961:Catalan Opening 5936:English Defence 5921:Budapest Gambit 5907: 5865:Austrian Attack 5749: 5718:English Opening 5680: 5676:School of chess 5659:Minority attack 5591: 5560:Queen sacrifice 5459: 5320: 5316:White and Black 5311:Touch-move rule 5270:Perpetual check 5265:Fifty-move rule 5221: 5057: 5054: 4961: 4831: 4826: 4796: 4791: 4760: 4672: 4636:Orthodox pieces 4631: 4626: 4587:Hans Bodlaender 4579: 4570: 4562:, p. 294, 4539: 4512: 4483: 4465: 4451:Barden, Leonard 4446: 4441: 4428: 4426: 4418: 4417: 4413: 4404: 4400: 4385: 4384: 4380: 4371: 4369: 4359: 4358: 4354: 4347: 4331: 4327: 4319: 4315: 4306: 4304: 4299: 4298: 4294: 4285: 4283: 4278: 4277: 4270: 4265:Wayback Machine 4256: 4252: 4243: 4241: 4232: 4231: 4227: 4218: 4214: 4208:Wayback Machine 4198: 4194: 4182: 4178: 4168: 4166: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4143: 4114:Connected pawns 4094: 4085: 4079: 4073: 4065: 4059: 3756:Scottish Gaelic 3582:प्यादे (pyāde) 3563: 3412:сарбаз (sarbaz) 3169:प्यादा (pyādā) 2824:Զինվոր (Zinvor) 2713: 2610: 2529: 2516:wrong rook pawn 2512: 2503: 2501:Wrong rook pawn 2497: 2495:Wrong rook pawn 2473: 2464: 2463: 2462: 2366: 2365: 2358: 2351: 2344: 2337: 2330: 2323: 2316: 2309: 2302: 2295: 2288: 2281: 2274: 2267: 2260: 2253: 2246: 2239: 2232: 2225: 2218: 2211: 2204: 2197: 2190: 2180: 2138: 2132: 2101: 2100: 2099: 2003: 2002: 1995: 1988: 1981: 1974: 1967: 1960: 1953: 1943: 1902: 1898: 1892: 1867: 1866: 1865: 1769: 1768: 1761: 1754: 1747: 1740: 1733: 1726: 1719: 1712: 1705: 1698: 1691: 1684: 1677: 1670: 1663: 1656: 1649: 1642: 1635: 1628: 1621: 1614: 1607: 1600: 1593: 1586: 1579: 1569: 1527: 1521: 1514: 1506: 1498: 1490: 1479: 1463: 1462: 1461: 1361: 1360: 1353: 1346: 1339: 1332: 1325: 1318: 1311: 1304: 1297: 1290: 1283: 1276: 1269: 1262: 1255: 1248: 1241: 1234: 1227: 1220: 1213: 1206: 1199: 1192: 1185: 1178: 1171: 1164: 1157: 1150: 1143: 1133: 1091: 1085: 1080: 1043: 1037: 1006: 998: 997: 996: 896: 895: 888: 881: 874: 864: 823: 814: 813: 812: 716: 715: 708: 701: 694: 684: 643: 634: 622: 614: 613: 612: 516: 515: 508: 501: 494: 487: 480: 473: 466: 459: 452: 442: 398: 397: 396: 300: 299: 292: 285: 278: 271: 264: 257: 250: 243: 236: 229: 222: 215: 208: 201: 194: 184: 137: 132: 131: 130: 79: 68: 57:in the game of 47: 46: 45: 44: 43: 40: 32: 31: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6612: 6602: 6601: 6584: 6583: 6581: 6580: 6575: 6562: 6559: 6558: 6556: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6539: 6538: 6533: 6523: 6522: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6496: 6494:Chess composer 6491: 6486: 6481: 6475: 6473: 6469: 6468: 6466: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6449: 6448: 6441: 6436: 6426: 6425: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6389: 6384: 6378: 6376: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6368: 6367: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6349:North American 6346: 6341: 6333: 6332: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6278: 6277: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6251: 6250: 6249: 6242:Chess Olympiad 6239: 6233: 6231: 6225: 6224: 6222: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6195: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6166: 6165: 6164: 6159: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6108: 6106: 6100: 6099: 6096: 6095: 6093: 6092: 6091: 6090: 6088:Scholar's mate 6085: 6080: 6070: 6065: 6064: 6063: 6052: 6050: 6046: 6045: 6043: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6031: 6030: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6010: 6003:Queen's Gambit 6000: 5995: 5990: 5989: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5946:Benoni Defense 5941:Indian Defense 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5917: 5915: 5909: 5908: 5906: 5905: 5904: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5884: 5874: 5869: 5868: 5867: 5857: 5855:Owen's Defense 5852: 5851: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5785: 5780: 5778:Modern Defense 5775: 5773:French Defense 5770: 5765: 5759: 5757: 5751: 5750: 5748: 5747: 5746: 5745: 5740: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5708:Bird's Opening 5705: 5699: 5697: 5688: 5682: 5681: 5679: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5662: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5639:Pawn structure 5636: 5631: 5630: 5629: 5619: 5618: 5617: 5607: 5601: 5599: 5593: 5592: 5590: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5563: 5562: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5486: 5485: 5483:Alekhine's gun 5475: 5469: 5467: 5461: 5460: 5458: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5436: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5405: 5400: 5399: 5398: 5396:Half-open file 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5367: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5339:Chess notation 5336: 5330: 5328: 5322: 5321: 5319: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5307: 5306: 5296: 5294:Pawn promotion 5291: 5284: 5283: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5231: 5229: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5219: 5218: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5197: 5195:Women in chess 5192: 5191: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5170: 5165: 5164: 5163: 5158: 5157: 5156: 5151: 5141: 5136: 5135: 5134: 5119: 5118: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5105:Hypermodernism 5102: 5100:Romantic chess 5097: 5095:Lewis chessmen 5092: 5087: 5080: 5067: 5065: 5059: 5058: 5056: 5055: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5035: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4994: 4993: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4971: 4969: 4963: 4962: 4960: 4959: 4954: 4953: 4952: 4942: 4941: 4940: 4935: 4933:world rankings 4925: 4924: 4923: 4922: 4921: 4911: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4885: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4862:Computer chess 4859: 4858: 4857: 4847: 4841: 4839: 4833: 4832: 4825: 4824: 4817: 4810: 4802: 4793: 4792: 4790: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4768: 4766: 4762: 4761: 4759: 4758: 4753: 4748: 4743: 4738: 4733: 4728: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4687: 4685: 4674: 4673: 4671: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4639: 4637: 4633: 4632: 4625: 4624: 4617: 4610: 4602: 4596: 4595: 4578: 4577:External links 4575: 4574: 4573: 4568: 4550:Whyld, Kenneth 4542: 4537: 4515: 4510: 4486: 4481: 4468: 4463: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4439: 4411: 4407:Ado Grenzstein 4398: 4378: 4352: 4345: 4325: 4323:, p. 124. 4313: 4292: 4268: 4250: 4225: 4212: 4192: 4176: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4141: 4139:Pawn structure 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4061:Main article: 4058: 4055: 4052: 4051: 4046: 4040: 4034: 4033: 4028: 4025: 4019: 4018: 4016: 4008: 4002: 4001: 3996: 3990: 3984: 3983: 3974: 3968: 3962: 3961: 3956: 3950: 3944: 3943: 3938: 3935: 3929: 3928: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3904: 3899: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3881: 3875: 3869: 3868: 3863: 3857: 3851: 3850: 3841: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3823: 3817: 3811: 3810: 3808: 3807:Seitšhireletšo 3802: 3800:Northern Sotho 3796: 3795: 3786: 3776: 3774:Serbo-Croatian 3770: 3769: 3764: 3758: 3752: 3751: 3749: 3748:пешка (peshka) 3743: 3737: 3736: 3734: 3728: 3722: 3721: 3716: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3692: 3686: 3685: 3680: 3674: 3668: 3667: 3661: 3660: 3655: 3649: 3643: 3642: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3624: 3619: 3613: 3607: 3606: 3601: 3595: 3589: 3588: 3583: 3577: 3571: 3570: 3565: 3557: 3551: 3550: 3541: 3535: 3529: 3528: 3523: 3517: 3511: 3510: 3505: 3499: 3493: 3492: 3487: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3469: 3463: 3457: 3456: 3451: 3450:) pedes / pedo 3444: 3438: 3437: 3435: 3429: 3423: 3422: 3413: 3403: 3397: 3396: 3391: 3385: 3379: 3378: 3376: 3370: 3364: 3363: 3361: 3355: 3349: 3348: 3343: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3319: 3303: 3297: 3296: 3291: 3285: 3279: 3278: 3276: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3261: 3255: 3249: 3248: 3243: 3237: 3231: 3230: 3221: 3215: 3209: 3208: 3203: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3185: 3182: 3176: 3175: 3170: 3164: 3158: 3157: 3152: 3146: 3140: 3139: 3130: 3124: 3118: 3117: 3112: 3106: 3100: 3099: 3094: 3088: 3082: 3081: 3079: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3061: 3055: 3049: 3048: 3043: 3037: 3031: 3030: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3015: 3013: 3007: 3001: 3000: 2998: 2992: 2986: 2985: 2980: 2974: 2968: 2967: 2962: 2956: 2950: 2949: 2944: 2933: 2927: 2926: 2924: 2918: 2912: 2911: 2906: 2900: 2894: 2893: 2884: 2878: 2872: 2871: 2866: 2860: 2849: 2848: 2843: 2837: 2831: 2830: 2825: 2819: 2813: 2812: 2807: 2799: 2793: 2792: 2783: 2777: 2771: 2770: 2765: 2759: 2753: 2752: 2750: 2740: 2734: 2733: 2730: 2725: 2609: 2606: 2579:William Caxton 2569: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2528: 2525: 2499:Main article: 2496: 2493: 2460: 2457: 2456: 2454: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2426: 2423: 2419: 2418: 2415: 2411: 2410: 2407: 2403: 2402: 2399: 2395: 2394: 2391: 2387: 2386: 2383: 2379: 2378: 2375: 2371: 2370: 2367: 2359: 2352: 2345: 2338: 2331: 2324: 2317: 2310: 2303: 2296: 2289: 2282: 2275: 2268: 2261: 2254: 2247: 2240: 2233: 2226: 2219: 2212: 2205: 2198: 2191: 2184: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2140: 2139: 2134:Main article: 2131: 2128: 2097: 2094: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2063: 2060: 2056: 2055: 2052: 2048: 2047: 2044: 2040: 2039: 2036: 2032: 2031: 2028: 2024: 2023: 2020: 2016: 2015: 2012: 2008: 2007: 2004: 1996: 1989: 1982: 1975: 1968: 1961: 1954: 1947: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1908: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1894:Main article: 1891: 1888: 1863: 1860: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1830: 1829: 1826: 1822: 1821: 1818: 1814: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1805: 1802: 1798: 1797: 1794: 1790: 1789: 1786: 1782: 1781: 1778: 1774: 1773: 1770: 1762: 1755: 1748: 1741: 1734: 1727: 1720: 1713: 1706: 1699: 1692: 1685: 1678: 1671: 1664: 1657: 1650: 1643: 1636: 1629: 1622: 1615: 1608: 1601: 1594: 1587: 1580: 1573: 1567: 1565: 1561: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1529: 1528: 1523:Main article: 1520: 1517: 1467:pawn structure 1458:French Defense 1455: 1452: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1414: 1413: 1410: 1406: 1405: 1402: 1398: 1397: 1394: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1382: 1381: 1378: 1374: 1373: 1370: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1354: 1347: 1340: 1333: 1326: 1319: 1312: 1305: 1298: 1291: 1284: 1277: 1270: 1263: 1256: 1249: 1242: 1235: 1228: 1221: 1214: 1207: 1200: 1193: 1186: 1179: 1172: 1165: 1158: 1151: 1144: 1137: 1131: 1129: 1125: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1098: 1093: 1092: 1089:Pawn structure 1087:Main article: 1084: 1083:Pawn structure 1081: 1079: 1076: 1056:underpromotion 1039:Main article: 1036: 1033: 1003: 1002: 990: 987: 986: 984: 981: 978: 975: 972: 969: 966: 963: 960: 957: 956: 953: 949: 948: 945: 941: 940: 937: 933: 932: 929: 925: 924: 921: 917: 916: 913: 909: 908: 905: 901: 900: 897: 889: 882: 875: 868: 862: 860: 856: 855: 853: 850: 847: 844: 841: 838: 835: 832: 829: 824: 818: 817: 815: 810: 807: 806: 804: 801: 798: 795: 792: 789: 786: 783: 780: 777: 776: 773: 769: 768: 765: 761: 760: 757: 753: 752: 749: 745: 744: 741: 737: 736: 733: 729: 728: 725: 721: 720: 717: 709: 702: 695: 688: 682: 680: 676: 675: 673: 670: 667: 664: 661: 658: 655: 652: 649: 644: 641: 640: 635: 633: 630: 619: 618: 610: 607: 606: 604: 601: 598: 595: 592: 589: 586: 583: 580: 577: 576: 573: 569: 568: 565: 561: 560: 557: 553: 552: 549: 545: 544: 541: 537: 536: 533: 529: 528: 525: 521: 520: 517: 509: 502: 495: 488: 481: 474: 467: 460: 453: 446: 440: 438: 434: 433: 431: 428: 425: 422: 419: 416: 413: 410: 407: 402: 401: 399: 394: 391: 390: 388: 385: 382: 379: 376: 373: 370: 367: 364: 361: 360: 357: 353: 352: 349: 345: 344: 341: 337: 336: 333: 329: 328: 325: 321: 320: 317: 313: 312: 309: 305: 304: 301: 293: 286: 279: 272: 265: 258: 251: 244: 237: 230: 223: 216: 209: 202: 195: 188: 182: 180: 176: 175: 173: 170: 167: 164: 161: 158: 155: 152: 149: 144: 143: 138: 136: 133: 124: 123: 41: 34: 33: 29: 22: 21: 20: 19: 18: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6611: 6600: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6563: 6560: 6554: 6553:Solving chess 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6543:Chess prodigy 6541: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6528: 6527: 6526:Chess problem 6524: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6501: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6476: 6474: 6470: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6447: 6446: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6434:opening books 6432: 6431: 6430: 6427: 6423: 6422:short stories 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6394: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6379: 6377: 6375:Art and media 6373: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6336: 6334: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6281: 6279: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6256: 6255: 6252: 6248: 6245: 6244: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6234: 6232: 6230: 6226: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6187:triangulation 6185: 6183: 6182:Tarrasch rule 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6169: 6167: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6154: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6142:Queen vs rook 6140: 6138: 6137:Queen vs pawn 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6109: 6107: 6105: 6101: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6075: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6062: 6059: 6058: 6057: 6054: 6053: 6051: 6047: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6005: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5993:London System 5991: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5951:Modern Benoni 5949: 5947: 5944: 5943: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5931:Dutch Defense 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5918: 5916: 5914: 5910: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5879: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5866: 5863: 5862: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5808:King's Gambit 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5790: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5752: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5723:Grob's Attack 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5713:Dunst Opening 5711: 5709: 5706: 5704: 5703:Benko Opening 5701: 5700: 5698: 5696: 5695:Flank opening 5692: 5689: 5687: 5683: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5641: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5628: 5625: 5624: 5623: 5620: 5616: 5613: 5612: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5602: 5600: 5598: 5594: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5561: 5558: 5557: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5484: 5481: 5480: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5470: 5468: 5466: 5462: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5450:Transposition 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5410: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5341: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5331: 5329: 5327: 5323: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5289: 5285: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5257: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5232: 5230: 5228: 5224: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5202: 5201: 5200:Chess museums 5198: 5196: 5193: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5175: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5168:Notable games 5166: 5162: 5159: 5155: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5146: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5133: 5130: 5129: 5128: 5125: 5124: 5123: 5120: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5085: 5081: 5079: 5078: 5074: 5073: 5072: 5069: 5068: 5066: 5064: 5060: 5053: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4999: 4998: 4995: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4977: 4976: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4968: 4964: 4958: 4957:World records 4955: 4951: 4948: 4947: 4946: 4943: 4939: 4936: 4934: 4931: 4930: 4929: 4928:Rating system 4926: 4920: 4917: 4916: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4883: 4880: 4878: 4875: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4864: 4863: 4860: 4856: 4853: 4852: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4842: 4840: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4823: 4818: 4816: 4811: 4809: 4804: 4803: 4800: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4769: 4767: 4763: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4747: 4744: 4742: 4739: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4701:Berolina pawn 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4640: 4638: 4634: 4630: 4623: 4618: 4616: 4611: 4609: 4604: 4603: 4600: 4594: 4593: 4588: 4584: 4581: 4580: 4571: 4569:0-19-280049-3 4565: 4561: 4557: 4556: 4551: 4547: 4546:Hooper, David 4543: 4540: 4538:0-8129-3493-8 4534: 4530: 4529: 4524: 4520: 4516: 4513: 4511:0-486-23332-4 4507: 4502: 4501: 4495: 4494:Hooper, David 4491: 4487: 4484: 4482:1-55521-394-4 4478: 4474: 4469: 4466: 4464:0-7064-0967-1 4460: 4456: 4452: 4448: 4447: 4436: 4425: 4421: 4415: 4408: 4402: 4394: 4393: 4388: 4382: 4368: 4367: 4362: 4356: 4348: 4346:9781477163108 4342: 4338: 4337: 4329: 4322: 4317: 4302: 4296: 4281: 4275: 4273: 4266: 4262: 4259: 4254: 4240:on 2012-12-01 4239: 4235: 4229: 4222: 4216: 4209: 4205: 4202: 4196: 4189: 4185: 4180: 4165: 4161: 4154: 4150: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4124:Isolated pawn 4122: 4120: 4119:Doubled pawns 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4099:Backward pawn 4097: 4096: 4089: 4083: 4077: 4071: 4069: 4064: 4050: 4047: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4020: 4017: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3985: 3982: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3963: 3960: 3957: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3945: 3942: 3939: 3937:బంటు (baṃţu) 3936: 3934: 3931: 3930: 3927: 3926: 3921: 3918: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3906: 3903: 3900: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3888: 3885: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3870: 3867: 3864: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3852: 3849: 3845: 3842: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3830: 3827: 3824: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3797: 3794: 3790: 3787: 3784: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3771: 3768: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3753: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3742: 3739: 3738: 3735: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3723: 3720: 3717: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3705: 3702: 3699: 3697:pion / pionek 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3687: 3684: 3681: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3669: 3666: 3663: 3662: 3659: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3644: 3641: 3638: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3608: 3605: 3602: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3590: 3587: 3584: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3552: 3549: 3545: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3530: 3527: 3524: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3515:Luxembourgish 3513: 3512: 3509: 3506: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3494: 3491: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3476: 3473: 3470: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3458: 3455: 3452: 3449: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3439: 3436: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3424: 3421: 3417: 3414: 3411: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3399: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3380: 3377: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3365: 3362: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3351: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3332: 3329: 3328: 3323: 3320: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3280: 3277: 3274: 3271: 3269: 3266: 3265: 3262: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3250: 3247: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3232: 3229: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3210: 3207: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3165: 3163: 3160: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3151:πιόνι (pióni) 3150: 3147: 3145: 3142: 3141: 3138: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3120: 3119: 3116: 3113: 3111:პაიკი (paiki) 3110: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3068: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3017: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3003: 3002: 2999: 2996: 2993: 2991: 2988: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2937: 2934: 2932: 2929: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2913: 2910: 2907: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2895: 2892: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2864: 2861: 2858: 2854: 2851: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2836: 2833: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2814: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2794: 2791: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2772: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2754: 2751: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2735: 2729: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2714: 2711: 2707: 2705: 2701: 2699: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2683: 2677: 2673: 2671: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2648: 2642: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2615: 2605: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2582: 2580: 2576: 2575: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2541: 2540: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2524: 2522: 2518: 2517: 2511: 2502: 2492: 2490: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2478: 2477:doubled pawns 2472: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2431: 2429: 2428: 2424: 2421: 2420: 2416: 2413: 2412: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2400: 2397: 2396: 2392: 2389: 2388: 2384: 2381: 2380: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2368: 2174: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2144: 2143: 2137: 2136:Doubled pawns 2127: 2123: 2121: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2107: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2065: 2061: 2058: 2057: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2045: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2034: 2033: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2021: 2018: 2017: 2013: 2010: 2009: 2005: 1937: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1906: 1897: 1887: 1885: 1881: 1876: 1874: 1873: 1872:isolated pawn 1858: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1831: 1827: 1824: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1815: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1803: 1800: 1799: 1795: 1792: 1791: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1779: 1776: 1775: 1771: 1563: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1532: 1526: 1525:Isolated pawn 1519:Isolated pawn 1516: 1513: 1505: 1497: 1489: 1481: 1478: 1470: 1468: 1459: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1423: 1419: 1416: 1415: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1403: 1400: 1399: 1395: 1392: 1391: 1387: 1384: 1383: 1379: 1376: 1375: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1363: 1127: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1096: 1090: 1075: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1048: 1042: 1032: 1030: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1014: 1013: 1001: 994: 985: 982: 979: 976: 973: 970: 967: 964: 961: 959: 958: 954: 951: 950: 946: 943: 942: 938: 935: 934: 930: 927: 926: 922: 919: 918: 914: 911: 910: 906: 903: 902: 898: 858: 857: 854: 851: 848: 845: 842: 839: 836: 833: 830: 828: 827: 822: 816: 805: 802: 799: 796: 793: 790: 787: 784: 781: 779: 778: 774: 771: 770: 766: 763: 762: 758: 755: 754: 750: 747: 746: 742: 739: 738: 734: 731: 730: 726: 723: 722: 718: 678: 677: 674: 671: 668: 665: 662: 659: 656: 653: 650: 648: 647: 639: 638: 629: 625: 617: 605: 602: 599: 596: 593: 590: 587: 584: 581: 579: 578: 574: 571: 570: 566: 563: 562: 558: 555: 554: 550: 547: 546: 542: 539: 538: 534: 531: 530: 526: 523: 522: 518: 436: 435: 432: 429: 426: 423: 420: 417: 414: 411: 408: 406: 405: 400: 389: 386: 383: 380: 377: 374: 371: 368: 365: 363: 362: 358: 355: 354: 350: 347: 346: 342: 339: 338: 334: 331: 330: 326: 323: 322: 318: 315: 314: 310: 307: 306: 302: 178: 177: 174: 171: 168: 165: 162: 159: 156: 153: 150: 148: 147: 142: 141: 128: 121: 119: 115: 111: 106: 104: 100: 96: 92: 91:bishop's pawn 88: 87:knight's pawn 84: 78: 70: 67: 60: 56: 52: 38: 26: 6599:Chess pieces 6499:Chess engine 6484:Chess boxing 6444: 6214:Wrong bishop 6061:theory table 6035:Torre Attack 6018:Slav Defense 5926:Colle System 5901:Scheveningen 5860:Pirc Defense 5803:Italian Game 5798:Giuoco Piano 5743:Réti Opening 5666:Piece values 5654:Maróczy Bind 5615:the exchange 5605:Compensation 5535:Interference 5525:Double check 5407: 5299:Time control 5286: 5260:by agreement 5188:grandmasters 5132:South Africa 5082: 5075: 5051:Score sheets 5026: 4997:Chess pieces 4904:Online chess 4850:Chess titles 4845:Chess theory 4678:Fairy pieces 4657: 4629:Chess pieces 4590: 4554: 4527: 4519:Fine, Reuben 4499: 4472: 4454: 4434: 4427:. Retrieved 4424:www.fide.com 4423: 4414: 4401: 4390: 4381: 4370:. Retrieved 4364: 4355: 4335: 4328: 4316: 4305:. Retrieved 4295: 4284:. Retrieved 4253: 4242:. Retrieved 4238:the original 4228: 4215: 4199:Mike Klein, 4195: 4187: 4179: 4169:19 September 4167:. Retrieved 4163: 4153: 4084: 4078: 4072: 4066: 4048: 4042: 4030: 3999:foot soldier 3998: 3992: 3980: 3976: 3970: 3958: 3955:เบี้ย (bia) 3952: 3940: 3923: 3920:foot soldier 3919: 3913: 3901: 3895: 3884:foot soldier 3883: 3877: 3865: 3859: 3847: 3843: 3837: 3826:foot soldier 3825: 3819: 3804: 3792: 3788: 3782: 3778: 3766: 3760: 3745: 3730: 3719:foot soldier 3718: 3712: 3700: 3694: 3682: 3676: 3657: 3651: 3639: 3633: 3621: 3615: 3603: 3597: 3586:foot soldier 3585: 3579: 3568:foot soldier 3567: 3559: 3547: 3543: 3540:пешак / пион 3537: 3525: 3519: 3507: 3501: 3489: 3483: 3471: 3465: 3454:foot soldier 3453: 3447: 3431: 3419: 3416:foot soldier 3415: 3409: 3405: 3394:foot soldier 3393: 3387: 3372: 3357: 3346:foot soldier 3345: 3339: 3325: 3321: 3316:ceithearnach 3305: 3293: 3287: 3272: 3257: 3245: 3239: 3227: 3223: 3217: 3205: 3199: 3188:foot soldier 3187: 3184:רגלי (Regli) 3172: 3166: 3154: 3148: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3114: 3108: 3097:foot soldier 3096: 3090: 3075: 3063: 3057: 3045: 3039: 3024: 3009: 2994: 2982: 2976: 2965:foot soldier 2964: 2958: 2946: 2935: 2920: 2909:foot soldier 2908: 2902: 2890: 2886: 2880: 2868: 2862: 2857:Taraškievica 2845: 2839: 2827: 2821: 2810:foot soldier 2809: 2801: 2789: 2785: 2779: 2767: 2761: 2742: 2732:Translation 2727: 2723: 2712: 2708: 2695: 2687: 2679: 2667: 2657: 2636:foot soldier 2631: 2627: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2611: 2597: 2589: 2585: 2583: 2572: 2570: 2537: 2530: 2514: 2504: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2475: 2465: 2130:Doubled pawn 2124: 2119: 2114: 2110: 2104: 2102: 1877: 1870: 1868: 1511:overextended 1482: 1471: 1466: 1464: 1072: 1055: 1051: 1046: 1044: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1017: 1010: 1007: 999: 992: 820: 626: 623: 615: 107: 103:central pawn 102: 98: 95:queen's pawn 94: 90: 86: 82: 71: 50: 48: 6429:Chess books 6229:Tournaments 6083:Fool's mate 5848:Vienna Game 5838:Scotch Game 5671:Prophylaxis 5587:Zwischenzug 5572:Undermining 5540:Overloading 5500:Combination 5349:descriptive 5044:Chess table 5039:Chess clock 4855:Grandmaster 4731:Grasshopper 4134:Passed pawn 4104:Chess piece 3844:infantryman 3679:سرباز/پیاده 3544:infantryman 3486:pėstininkas 3294:infantryman 3283:Interslavic 3173:infantryman 2797:Azerbaijani 2602:its history 2594:its history 2513:may be the 2106:passed pawn 1896:Passed pawn 1890:Passed pawn 1476:pawn chains 99:king's pawn 83:rook's pawn 16:Chess piece 6536:joke chess 6489:Chess club 6177:opposition 5634:Middlegame 5622:Initiative 5545:Pawn storm 5510:Deflection 5381:Key square 5371:Fianchetto 5304:Fast chess 5288:En passant 4980:chessboard 4777:Hippogonal 4741:Nightrider 4523:Benko, Pal 4444:References 4420:"Handbook" 4372:2022-12-15 4307:2013-08-12 4286:2013-08-12 4244:2013-08-12 4188:en passant 4023:Vietnamese 3973:er / piyon 3708:Portuguese 3533:Macedonian 3479:Lithuanian 3468:bandinieks 3268:Indonesian 2853:Belarusian 2676:diminutive 2663:bandinieks 2660:, Latvian 2644:, Slovene 2598:en passant 2590:en passant 2586:en passant 2533:chaturanga 1884:middlegame 1503:bad bishop 1029:en passant 1025:en passant 1020:en passant 1012:en passant 993:en passant 821:en passant 42:Black pawn 30:White pawn 6519:Stockfish 6509:Deep Blue 6504:AlphaZero 6412:paintings 6204:Tablebase 6168:Strategy 6073:Irregular 5828:Ruy Lopez 5788:Open Game 5555:Sacrifice 5515:Desperado 5418:connected 5391:Open file 5386:King walk 5344:algebraic 5275:Stalemate 5250:Checkmate 4975:Chess set 4967:Equipment 4772:Chess set 4490:Euwe, Max 4158:Titanic. 3988:Ukrainian 3600:хүү (hüü) 3593:Mongolian 3555:Malayalam 3360:ポーン (pōn) 3310:fichillín 3235:Icelandic 3213:Hungarian 3046:forwarder 3020:Esperanto 2898:Bulgarian 2738:Afrikaans 2722:Language 2670:fichillín 2650:, German 2612:The term 2509:rook pawn 2474:, called 2111:protected 1882:. In the 1064:checkmate 1035:Promotion 632:Capturing 6593:Category 6578:Category 6531:glossary 6192:Zugzwang 6172:fortress 6104:Endgames 6013:Declined 6008:Accepted 5686:Openings 5644:Hedgehog 5610:Exchange 5597:Strategy 5577:Windmill 5428:isolated 5413:backward 5235:Castling 5178:amateurs 5071:Timeline 4945:Variants 4899:Glossary 4882:software 4867:glossary 4746:Princess 4525:(2003), 4496:(1959), 4453:(1980), 4429:22 March 4261:Archived 4204:Archived 4092:See also 4045:gwerinwr 4015:(pyādah) 3815:Sicilian 3726:Romanian 3368:Javanese 3353:Japanese 3104:Georgian 3086:Galician 3035:Estonian 2817:Armenian 2757:Albanian 2682:ficheall 2544:sinister 2120:majority 1495:kingside 1078:Strategy 1052:queening 1047:promoted 114:peasants 110:infantry 6479:Arbiter 6472:Related 6329:Solving 6319:Amateur 5896:Najdorf 5478:Battery 5465:Tactics 5440:Swindle 5423:doubled 5403:Outpost 5334:Blunder 5149:Armenia 5063:History 4909:Premove 4877:engines 4872:matches 4837:Outline 4765:Related 4726:Giraffe 4716:Empress 4711:Dabbaba 4068:Unicode 4057:Unicode 4049:peasant 4031:soldier 3977:soldier 3966:Turkish 3941:soldier 3902:peasant 3891:Swedish 3873:Spanish 3855:Slovene 3789:footman 3741:Russian 3683:soldier 3672:Persian 3658:soldier 3640:peasant 3622:peasant 3575:Marathi 3508:soldier 3472:peasant 3461:Latvian 3434:폰 (pon) 3420:warrior 3383:Kannada 3335:Italian 3228:peasant 3224:footman 3206:soldier 3133:peasant 3064:soldier 3060:sotilas 3053:Finnish 3005:English 2983:peasant 2947:soldier 2931:Chinese 2916:Catalan 2876:Bengali 2828:soldier 2790:soldier 2768:soldier 2764:Ushtari 2641:paraszt 2630:(e.g., 2527:History 2491:pawns. 2489:tripled 2115:outside 1880:endgame 118:pikemen 6417:poetry 6407:novels 6382:Caïssa 6314:Senior 6304:Junior 5887:Dragon 5882:Alapin 5567:Skewer 5433:passed 5376:Gambit 5183:female 5144:Europe 5127:Africa 5022:Knight 5017:Bishop 4696:Amazon 4653:Knight 4643:Bishop 4566:  4535:  4508:  4479:  4461:  4387:"pawn" 4343:  3959:menial 3933:Telugu 3866:farmer 3840:pešiak 3833:Slovak 3822:pidinu 3690:Polish 3526:farmer 3497:Lojban 3427:Korean 3401:Kazakh 3342:pedone 3180:Hebrew 3137:farmer 3122:German 3071:French 2972:Danish 2943:(bīng) 2887:Walker 2865:латнік 2835:Basque 2805:Piyada 2775:Arabic 2692:cowrie 2632:pionek 2596:. The 1060:knight 1000: 616: 6364:WCSCC 6309:Youth 6299:Blitz 6294:Rapid 6284:Women 6247:Women 6199:Study 6049:Other 5582:X-ray 5505:Decoy 5490:Block 5445:Tempo 5408:Pawns 5326:Terms 5245:Check 5227:Rules 5161:India 5154:Spain 5139:China 5032:Fairy 5007:Queen 4938:norms 4829:Chess 4756:Zebra 4751:Wazir 4706:Camel 4691:Alfil 4663:Queen 4146:Notes 4038:Welsh 4012:پیادہ 3925:sepoy 3909:Tamil 3898:bonde 3665:Oromo 3636:bonde 3618:bonde 3522:Bauer 3504:sonci 3442:Latin 3301:Irish 3290:pěšak 3260:piono 3195:Hausa 3162:Hindi 3144:Greek 3129:Bauer 3042:ettur 3027:peono 2990:Dutch 2979:bonde 2961:pěšec 2954:Czech 2905:пешка 2891:Troop 2842:Peoia 2698:piyon 2658:bonde 2653:Bauer 2521:draws 1487:space 1066:or a 59:chess 55:piece 6402:film 6359:WCCC 6354:TCEC 6344:CSVN 6289:Team 6259:List 5530:Fork 5455:Trap 5255:Draw 5027:Pawn 5012:Rook 5002:King 4950:List 4919:list 4894:FIDE 4736:Mann 4721:Ferz 4682:List 4668:Rook 4658:Pawn 4648:King 4564:ISBN 4533:ISBN 4506:ISBN 4477:ISBN 4459:ISBN 4431:2019 4341:ISBN 4223::56) 4171:2015 4006:Urdu 3981:pawn 3948:Thai 3880:peón 3862:kmet 3848:pawn 3793:pawn 3767:pawn 3733:pion 3715:peão 3701:pawn 3647:Odia 3548:pawn 3490:pawn 3375:pion 3327:kern 3275:pion 3246:pawn 3218:(Gy) 3202:soja 3155:pawn 3115:pawn 3093:peón 3078:pion 3012:pawn 2997:pion 2995:(pi) 2869:pawn 2846:pawn 2786:pawn 2747:Pion 2728:Pawn 2704:Pion 2688:bîia 2674:, a 2647:kmet 2628:paon 2623:peon 2618:paon 2614:pawn 2470:file 1465:The 1068:fork 76:file 65:rank 51:pawn 49:The 6339:CCC 5550:Pin 5354:PGN 4585:by 4043:(G) 3993:(П) 3971:(P) 3953:(บ) 3914:(P) 3896:(B) 3878:(P) 3860:(P) 3838:(P) 3820:(P) 3783:(П) 3779:(P) 3763:pàn 3761:(P) 3746:(П) 3731:(P) 3713:(P) 3695:(P) 3677:س/پ 3634:(B) 3616:(B) 3604:boy 3598:(Х) 3580:(P) 3560:(P) 3520:(B) 3502:(S) 3484:(P) 3466:(B) 3432:(P) 3410:(С) 3406:(П) 3373:(P) 3358:(P) 3340:(P) 3306:(F) 3288:(P) 3273:(P) 3258:(P) 3253:Ido 3242:peð 3240:(P) 3200:(P) 3167:(P) 3149:(Σ) 3127:(B) 3091:(P) 3076:(P) 3058:(S) 3040:(E) 3025:(P) 3010:(P) 2977:(B) 2959:(P) 2936:(P) 2923:peó 2921:(P) 2903:(П) 2863:(Л) 2840:(P) 2762:(U) 2743:(P) 2678:of 1018:An 116:or 6595:: 4548:; 4521:; 4492:; 4433:. 4422:. 4389:. 4363:. 4339:. 4271:^ 4162:. 4086:🨅 3979:/ 3922:/ 3846:/ 3791:/ 3546:/ 3418:/ 3388:ಪಾ 3324:/ 3313:/ 3226:/ 3135:/ 2889:/ 2859:) 2788:/ 2604:. 1015:. 120:. 5889:/ 4821:e 4814:t 4807:v 4684:) 4680:( 4621:e 4614:t 4607:v 4409:. 4395:. 4375:. 4349:. 4310:. 4289:. 4247:. 4219:( 4190:. 4173:. 4080:♟ 4074:♙ 3805:S 3652:P 3538:P 3448:P 3446:( 3109:პ 2940:兵 2881:B 2855:( 2822:Զ 2802:P 2780:ب 2546:) 2453:h 2450:g 2447:f 2444:e 2441:d 2438:c 2435:b 2432:a 2425:1 2422:1 2417:2 2414:2 2409:3 2406:3 2401:4 2398:4 2393:5 2390:5 2385:6 2382:6 2377:7 2374:7 2369:8 2175:8 2168:h 2165:g 2162:f 2159:e 2156:d 2153:c 2150:b 2147:a 2090:h 2087:g 2084:f 2081:e 2078:d 2075:c 2072:b 2069:a 2062:1 2059:1 2054:2 2051:2 2046:3 2043:3 2038:4 2035:4 2030:5 2027:5 2022:6 2019:6 2014:7 2011:7 2006:8 1938:8 1931:h 1928:g 1925:f 1922:e 1919:d 1916:c 1913:b 1910:a 1856:h 1853:g 1850:f 1847:e 1844:d 1841:c 1838:b 1835:a 1828:1 1825:1 1820:2 1817:2 1812:3 1809:3 1804:4 1801:4 1796:5 1793:5 1788:6 1785:6 1780:7 1777:7 1772:8 1564:8 1557:h 1554:g 1551:f 1548:e 1545:d 1542:c 1539:b 1536:a 1448:h 1445:g 1442:f 1439:e 1436:d 1433:c 1430:b 1427:a 1420:1 1417:1 1412:2 1409:2 1404:3 1401:3 1396:4 1393:4 1388:5 1385:5 1380:6 1377:6 1372:7 1369:7 1364:8 1128:8 1121:h 1118:g 1115:f 1112:e 1109:d 1106:c 1103:b 1100:a 983:h 980:g 977:f 974:e 971:d 968:c 965:b 962:a 955:1 952:1 947:2 944:2 939:3 936:3 931:4 928:4 923:5 920:5 915:6 912:6 907:7 904:7 899:8 859:8 852:h 849:g 846:f 843:e 840:d 837:c 834:b 831:a 803:h 800:g 797:f 794:e 791:d 788:c 785:b 782:a 775:1 772:1 767:2 764:2 759:3 756:3 751:4 748:4 743:5 740:5 735:6 732:6 727:7 724:7 719:8 679:8 672:h 669:g 666:f 663:e 660:d 657:c 654:b 651:a 603:h 600:g 597:f 594:e 591:d 588:c 585:b 582:a 575:1 572:1 567:2 564:2 559:3 556:3 551:4 548:4 543:5 540:5 535:6 532:6 527:7 524:7 519:8 437:8 430:h 427:g 424:f 421:e 418:d 415:c 412:b 409:a 387:h 384:g 381:f 378:e 375:d 372:c 369:b 366:a 359:1 356:1 351:2 348:2 343:3 340:3 335:4 332:4 327:5 324:5 319:6 316:6 311:7 308:7 303:8 179:8 172:h 169:g 166:f 163:e 160:d 157:c 154:b 151:a

Index



piece
chess
rank
file
infantry
peasants
pikemen
algebraic notation
en passant
Promotion (chess)
knight
checkmate
fork
Pawn structure
French Defense
pawn chains
space
kingside
bad bishop
overextended
Isolated pawn
isolated pawn
endgame
middlegame
Passed pawn
passed pawn
Doubled pawns
file

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