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but compared with France rather modest. Even the French government contributes to the security costs of the French Jewish communities, while the financial burden in
Switzerland is supported solely by the Jewish communities. Because there is no state support for the protection of religious minorities in Switzerland, the municipality must pay for it themselves. Considering that, the Jewish community in Zürich urges government support for the rising security costs. Monitoring personnel, video surveillance and bulletproof windows are among the standard safety measures in Zürich.
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800,000 Swiss Francs (CHF) for the protection of their 2,500 community members, and these expenditures would be doubled within two years. In
December 2015, a meeting on the situation of the Jewish minority in Switzerland was held in Bern. The main theme of the meeting: the rising need for security. Police chief Wolff said on occasion of a panel discussion that the responsibility for protecting the Jewish fellow citizens the government has to assume responsibility. Even the Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport (VBS), established under
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350:(literally: Source of Living Books) was published, edited by the ICZ librarians Yvonne Domhardt and Kerstin A. Paul, in which 75 people presented their favorite book from the library. Among them are "Five Years in the Country of Neutralia" by the Ukrainian journalist Shemariah Gorelik, who talks about his stay in Switzerland from 1914 to 1918. Another is a book by Johann Caspar Ulrich, who was the first Christian author to write a history of Swiss Jews in the mid-18th-century. The contemporary Swiss writer
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the grave, at least officially. In reality the presence of women at the grave has been tacitly accepted, but, on the initiative of Chana
Berlowitz, the municipal assembly decided a valid determination to change this old tradition. The women are therefore allowed not only to the grave of their relatives or friends who have died, they may also participate in the blades or speak the funeral prayer. In addition, the segregation among the mourners at the funeral chapel was abolished.
827:
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423:, racism, and the examination of WWII are the most important topics in these documents. The extensiveness and antiquity of the educational and religious materials, compared to other documents, show the importance of these areas for the Jewish community. The first yearbook of religious education, and certificates illustrating the acquisition of land for the
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newspaper. Hence, the Jewish community stands like no other Swiss minorities in the focus of terrorist attacks. Wolff is responding to the demands of Shella Kerész, president of the ICZ, and the city of Zürich should take over half of the safety issues. For years, the Jewish community invested around
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On 5 July 1865, the Jewish community, which at that time numbered 30 members, noted the acquisition of a field to use as a cemetery. On 31 May 1866 it was inaugurated on occasion of the first funeral of a Jewish woman by the
Lengnau Rabbi Dr. Meyer Kayserling. In 1892 a cemetery hall was built in the
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The danger for the Jewish community has increased continuously since the 2000s, and since the terrorist attacks on Jewish people in France and
Belgium, the risk situation has become even more precarious. According to Swiss security experts, the current investments in security are at best adequate,
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On 6 July 2015 the ICZ loosened the funeral arrangements for women. Henceforth, women are allowed at the funeral of a relative or friend and can participate in all burial rites. Previously, related women had to wait along with the rest of the female mourners at the wayside and were not admitted to
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style. After several expansions, a large second site was bought in 1916, and today the cemetery area comprises 0.17354 hectares (0.43 acres). Since the installation of the second cemetery in 1952, fewer and fewer burials were done at the very first Jewish cemetery in Zürich since the 14th century.
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The Jewish citizens who survived the 1349 pogrom were finally expelled from the city in 1423. The synagogue building was probably used from 1455 onwards as a residential property, and Jews were forbidden to live in the city and canton of Zürich, and indeed throughout
Switzerland, until 1850, with
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A Jewish community in Zürich was first mentioned in 1273, but during the 1349 pogrom the Jewish citizens were banned from Zürich, and the synagogue was abandoned. On 25 February 1352, Jewish citizens were allowed to live within the medieval town walls again. In 1363, the so-called "Judenschuol", a
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The library was recognized for its special contents as a "Swiss heritage of national importance" in 2009. Nevertheless, there were discussions in early 2014 about the future of this cultural heritage for financial reasons. The library of the largest Jewish community in
Switzerland owns more than
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in Zürich. The social section comprises hundreds of personal files and index cards, along with the minutes of community meetings and board meetings. In addition to these, the records include numerous external contacts, and illustrations of the political and cultural commitment of the ICZ, which
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The community center in Zürich-Enge was modernized in 2010. There was "poor relief" from 1901, however, social care for the sick and elderly, for refugees, and for people otherwise in need of help, has been an important part of the ICZ since its foundation.
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date back to the 1880s. The 150th anniversary of the ICZ in June 2012 saw the completion of indexing of the historical archives of the ICZ. The institutional records have a volume of 85 running metres, but for organisational reasons, documents of the
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a working group to draw up measures to protect Jewish institutions. There are discussed different options, among them financial monitoring or police or army protection, considering if the Swiss
Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
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was mentioned. On 2 November 1383, the Jewish citizens of Zürich were allowed by
Heinrich, Bishop of Konstanz, on request of the city council of Zürich, to renew the synagogue and the cemetery, on condition that only Jews who resided (i.e. had
322:, handed over to the ICZ library part of the library of the Breslau Rabbinical Seminary in Germany, which was suppressed by the Nazis. The oldest books in this collection date back to the 16th century, among them a 1595 print of
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242:. In 1850, Jews from Endingen and Lengnau, some 80 men, women, and children, were permitted by the authorities to settle anywhere in the canton of Zurich. In 1862, there were only 175 people, including 100 in the
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The second ICZ cemetery was inaugurated in 1952 and extended in 1988, and it covers an area of 3.4618 hectares (8.55 acres). At the cemetery grounds there is a large cemetery hall with rooms for ablution
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386:(literally: Association for Jewish Culture and Science) had managed to collect CHF 250,000 from foundations and private donations, thus ensuring the financing of the library for another three years.
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314:(literally: Zürich Jewish Library Association) handed over its stock to establish the ICZ library, while Jewish libraries in Europe were being destroyed by the Nazi regime. After the war,
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1999) may provide the legal legitimacy. The Canton of Zürich, because it is home to the largest Jewish community with around 6,000 members, could serve as a Swiss national model.
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402:. The rich and diverse archives contain both written and audio-visual media, among them photographs of ICZ presidents and personalities, sound films, interviews, e.g. with
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The religious school was attended by 80 children in 1884. In 1894, there were 130 students, and 18 years later, 230. The community had its own schoolhouse from 1898.
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382:. There was public discussion on outsourcing the scientific inventory to the Zurich Central Library for financial reasons, however, by the end of 2014, the
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932:"C I, Nr. 287 Bischof Heinrich von Konstanz erneuert auf Bitten von Bürgermeister und Rat von Zürich den Juden dieser Stadt die bischö... (1383.11.02)"
907:"C I, Nr. 286 Bürgermeister, Rat und Bürger von Zürich erklären, die Juden und Jüdinnen, die in ihrer Stadt mit "Husroeichi" wohnhaft ... (1354.02.25)"
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254:. In August 1877 the community tried to be accepted as a religious community in the canton of Zürich, however the request was denied as "
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156:. Consisting of approximately 2,500 members, the ICZ is the largest Jewish community in Switzerland. The community worships at
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on 1 January 2008. As of today, the united Jewish community of Zürich is the largest Jewish community in
Switzerland.
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75 Jahre Bibliothek Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich. 75 Jahre Bibliothek der Israelitischen Culturgemeinde Zürich
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The ICZ holds the second-largest historical archives of Swiss Jewish contemporary history, after the records of the
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This article is about the Jewish congregation. For the synagogue building used by the congregation for worship, see
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881:"Auf den Spuren der mittelalterlichen Synagoge von Zürich: Archäologische Untersuchungen im Haus Froschaugasse 4"
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250:(literally: Israelite Cult Society) was founded by 12 members. In 1880, its name was changed in the present
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216:) in Zürich could be buried there. At the location of the former synagogue, a plaque was mounted towards
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1339:. Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, Amt für Bevölkerungsschutz. February 18, 2015. Archived from
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1371:. Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, Amt für Bevölkerungsschutz. January 1, 2015. Archived from
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414:, and a 1939 film showing the laying of the foundation stone of the community center, allowing
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Nicht irgendein anonymer Verein ... Eine Geschichte der Israelitischen Cultusgemeinde Zürich
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The security costs are further increased and almost unsustainable for the Jewish communities
1282:"Stadt Zürich prüft, sich an den Sicherheitskosten für die Jüdische Gemeinde zu beteiligen"
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newspaper, the library is also a central place for the examination of Jewish identity, and
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and German. These include, in addition to works of fiction, valuable scientific works,
246:. After the repeal of most legal restrictions on Jewish citizens on 29 March 1862, the
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964:"Die Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich (ICZ) und ihre Synagoge in der Löwenstrasse"
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On the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the ICZ library, an anniversary edition
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and from the heads and members of many committees, remain in the care of the ICZ.
806:(Hebrew: עדין שטיינזלץ) or Adin Even Yisrael (Hebrew: עדין אבן ישראל) (born 1937)
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1162:(in German). Schweizerischer Israelitischer Gemeindebund (SIG). Archived from
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1082:"Bibliothek der Israelitischen Cultusgemeinde Zürich: Jüdischer Bücherschatz"
503:). The glass windows of the cemetery hall were designed by the Jewish artist
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Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance
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303:, Hebrew prints from the 16th to 18th centuries, theological literature (
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164:, operates a community center with a kindergarten and Jewish library in
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366:. Not only is the ICZ library a rich cultural and historical source for
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verify the community's regional, national and international positions.
564:, the Zürich police chief Richard Wolff said in an interview with the
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1260:"Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich lässt verwandte Frauen ans Grab"
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object of regional importance, the ICZ library in Zürich-Enge at the
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recalls the victims of in the Nazi era. Notable interments include
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Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Zürich
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986:"184.1 Gesetz über die anerkannten jüdischen Gemeinden (GjG)"
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otherwise, other sects might apply for a state contribution.
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1031:"Zukunft der geschichtsträchtigen Bibliothek ist ungewiss"
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are among of the most prominent members of the community.
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medieval term in Zürich for the synagogue situated at the
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1104:"75 Jahre Bibliothek Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich"
883:(in German). Stadt Zürich. August 8, 2002. Archived from
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because of its collection of the complete volumes of the
332:, an example of early book printing dating back to 1595.
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Evangelisch-reformierte Landeskirche des Kantons Zürich
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130:(Jewish Community of Zürich), commonly shortened to
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The library is full of hidden comments to ourselves
1216:"Zürich: Jüdischer Friedhof - Unterer Friesenberg"
507:(1907-2004). A memorial stone (limestone cube) by
1238:"Zürich: Jüdischer Friedhof - Oberer Friesenberg"
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576:Rahmenabkommen zum Schutz nationaler Minderheiten
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1010:(in German). Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich
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776:(Hebrew: מרדכי פירון; born Egon Pisk (1921–2014)
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466:Cemetery hall at Unterer Friesenberg cemetery
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400:Association of Jewish Swiss Welfare Services
648:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
396:Verband Schweizerischer Jüdischer Fürsorgen
384:Verein für Jüdische Kultur und Wissenschaft
1447:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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1307:Sturzenegger, Martin (February 1, 2016).
712:Learn how and when to remove this message
168:, and is responsible for two cemeteries (
29:Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich (ICZ)
1530:Jewish organizations established in 1862
1423:Domhardt, Yvonne; Paul, Kerstin (2014).
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988:(in German). Kanton Zürich. July 9, 2009
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416:a deep insight into Jewish life and work
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547:(1921-2004), the former ICZ president.
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262:recognition with the introduction of a
16:Jewish community in Zürich, Switzerland
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1309:"Was sie eint, ist ihr Hass auf Juden"
1135:"ETH Zürich Archiv für Zeitgeschichte"
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354:was inspired by a 1938 edition of the
258:" In 2007 the ICZ community received
1427:(clandestine ed.). Biel/Bienne.
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1029:Portmann, Adrian (January 20, 2014).
661:"Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich"
230:the exception of in two communities:
646:adding citations to reliable sources
613:
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320:Jewish Cultural Reconstruction, Inc.
60:Regions with significant populations
1080:Läubli, Martina (January 9, 2015).
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252:Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich
128:Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich
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1500:1862 establishments in Switzerland
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1262:(in German). kath.ch. July 7, 2015
857:History of the Jews in Switzerland
14:
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1400:Bodenheimer, Alfred, ed. (2012).
1240:(in German). alemannia-judaica.de
1218:(in German). alemannia-judaica.de
966:(in German). alemannia-judaica.de
312:Verein Jüdische Bibliothek Zürich
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318:, then managing director of the
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936:Staatsarchiv des Kantons Zürich
911:Staatsarchiv des Kantons Zürich
606:object of national importance.
610:People associated with the ICZ
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588:Synagoge Zürich Löwenstrasse
307:), prayer books and bibles.
199:Synagoge Zürich Löwenstrasse
190:Synagoge Zürich Löwenstrasse
158:Synagoge Zürich Löwenstrasse
40:ICZ building and library in
23:Synagoge Zürich Löwenstrasse
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476:Notable interments include
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1510:Jews and Judaism in Zürich
372:Israelitisches Wochenblatt
362:in Lewinsky's family saga
356:Israelitisches Wochenblatt
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248:Israelitische Kultusverein
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1545:Yiddish culture in Europe
513:Hermann Levin Goldschmidt
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1366:"A-Objekte KGS-Inventar"
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505:Régine Heim-Freudenreich
339:1466 manuscript of the
329:Antiquities of the Jews
533:Jenny Splatter Schaner
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398:(VSJF), literally the
368:Judaism in Switzerland
348:Quelle lebender Bücher
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310:In December 1939, the
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1404:(in German). Zürich:
750:Otto Nossan Klemperer
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425:community's synagogue
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197:
1535:Jewish Swiss history
1515:District 2 of Zürich
1196:on December 22, 2015
1186:"Jüdische Friedhöfe"
1109:Ex Libris (bookshop)
887:on December 23, 2015
642:improve this section
586:The building of the
509:Susi Guggenheim Weil
492:Obererer Friesenberg
341:Antiquitates Iudaice
1540:Libraries in Zürich
1286:Limmattaler Zeitung
1166:on January 15, 2015
1035:Limmattaler Zeitung
458:Unterer Friesenberg
390:Historical archives
148:, in the canton of
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1520:Jewish communities
1378:on October 1, 2015
1346:on October 1, 2015
1288:. February 1, 2016
833:Switzerland portal
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358:: the protagonist
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287:50,000 volumes in
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174:Oberer Friesenberg
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1434:978-3-905297-58-4
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555:Security measures
543:(1913-2003), and
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444:Community center
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324:Flavius Josephus
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115:Official website
86:Orthodox Judaism
70:Canton of Zürich
50:Total population
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663: –
662:
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657:Find sources:
651:
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632:
627:This section
625:
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605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
579:
577:
572:
567:
563:
552:
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542:
539:(1872-1966),
538:
535:(1907-1996),
534:
531:(1893-1965),
530:
527:(1923-1996),
526:
523:(1907-1975),
522:
521:Mascha Kaléko
519:(1902-1964),
518:
515:(1914-1998),
514:
510:
506:
502:
501:
489:
488:(1885-1973).
487:
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480:(1860-1945),
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450:
441:
433:
431:
426:
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376:with yourself
373:
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325:
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317:
316:Hannah Arendt
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24:
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1479:
1424:
1401:
1382:December 17,
1380:. Retrieved
1373:the original
1360:
1350:December 17,
1348:. Retrieved
1341:the original
1328:
1316:. Retrieved
1302:
1290:. Retrieved
1276:
1266:December 18,
1264:. Retrieved
1254:
1244:December 18,
1242:. Retrieved
1232:
1222:December 18,
1220:. Retrieved
1210:
1198:. Retrieved
1194:the original
1180:
1168:. Retrieved
1164:the original
1154:
1144:December 18,
1142:. Retrieved
1116:December 18,
1114:. Retrieved
1107:
1098:
1088:December 18,
1086:. Retrieved
1062:December 18,
1060:. Retrieved
1050:
1038:. Retrieved
1024:
1012:. Retrieved
1008:"Bibliothek"
1002:
990:. Retrieved
980:
970:December 17,
968:. Retrieved
939:. Retrieved
926:
914:. Retrieved
901:
889:. Retrieved
885:the original
875:
862:Surbtal Jews
792:Felix Salten
780:Felix Salten
762:Erwin Leiser
708:
699:
689:
682:
675:
668:
656:
640:Please help
628:
603:
595:
585:
575:
571:Guy Parmelin
561:
558:
549:
525:Erwin Leiser
499:
495:
478:Felix Salten
472:
469:
447:
439:
421:Antisemitism
415:
412:Willy Brandt
408:Shimon Peres
399:
393:
383:
379:
375:
371:
363:
359:
355:
347:
345:
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311:
309:
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264:cantonal law
259:
255:
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228:
217:
211:
203:
173:
169:
131:
127:
126:
98:Swiss German
18:
1485:(in German)
1470:(in German)
1318:February 4,
1292:February 4,
1200:January 25,
1170:January 25,
1160:"Friedhöfe"
1112:(in German)
1014:January 25,
992:January 26,
891:January 25,
812:(1872–1966)
800:(1904–1942)
794:(1869–1945)
788:(1904–1942)
782:(1860–1945)
770:(born 1946)
764:(1923–1996)
758:(1956–2009)
756:Marcel Lang
752:(1885–1973)
746:(1885–1973)
740:(born 1965)
734:(1902–1964)
728:(1921–2004)
726:Sigi Feigel
545:Sigi Feigel
404:Sigi Feigel
268:Sigi Feigel
240:Surb Valley
224:Grimmenturm
166:Zürich-Enge
162:Zürich-City
154:Switzerland
120:(in German)
74:Switzerland
55:about 2,500
42:Zürich-Enge
1494:Categories
1139:ETH Zürich
868:References
672:newspapers
602:even as a
541:Lydia Woog
471:so-called
453:Cemeteries
360:Felix Grün
1476:"Library"
1443:cite book
1406:NZZ Libro
941:August 8,
916:August 8,
702:July 2024
629:does not
430:rabbinate
305:Talmudica
213:Burgrecht
142:community
92:Languages
80:Religions
44:, in 2012
817:See also
301:Hebraica
260:cantonal
232:Endingen
207:Neumarkt
186:Neumarkt
136:Orthodox
686:scholar
650:removed
635:sources
604:Class A
596:Class B
473:Moorish
364:Melnitz
297:Judaica
289:Yiddish
282:Library
238:in the
236:Lengnau
180:History
170:Unterer
102:Yiddish
1431:
1412:
688:
681:
674:
667:
659:
500:Tahara
436:School
293:Hebrew
150:Zürich
146:Zürich
139:Jewish
106:Hebrew
1376:(PDF)
1369:(PDF)
1344:(PDF)
1337:(PDF)
693:JSTOR
679:books
594:as a
1449:link
1429:ISBN
1410:ISBN
1384:2015
1352:2015
1320:2016
1294:2016
1268:2015
1246:2015
1224:2015
1202:2015
1172:2015
1146:2015
1118:2015
1090:2015
1064:2015
1042:2015
1016:2015
994:2015
972:2015
943:2015
918:2015
893:2015
665:news
633:any
631:cite
410:and
274:and
234:and
222:and
188:and
172:and
1480:ICZ
644:by
176:).
160:in
132:ICZ
1496::
1478:.
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700:(
690:·
683:·
676:·
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