44:
337:), a nationalist group of Indonesian intellectuals. He emphasised that Indonesians should work together, regardless of race, creed, or class, to ensure independence from the Dutch; he preached non-cooperation with colonial forces. In 1925 he moved to the Soviet Union to spend a year and a half studying at the
310:, where he attended the School for Native Government Employees (Opleidingsschool Voor Inlandse Ambtenaren, or OSVIA). Unwilling to adapt the Western culture demanded at the school, he dropped out and moved to
525:. According to Indonesian historian Asvi Warman Adam, this was a prolapsed process owing to Iwa's affiliations with Tan Malaka and other communist interests, efforts not supported by the
715:
802:
White, Ben (2005). "Between
Apologia and Critical Discourse: Agrarian Transitions and Scholarly Engagement in Indonesia". In Hadiz, Vedi R.; Dhakidae, Daniel (eds.).
407:
As Japan's defeat in the
Pacific became increasingly evident, Indonesian nationalist leaders began preparing for independence. Iwa suggested the use of the term
282:. During the first twenty years of Indonesia's independence Iwa held several cabinet positions. After retiring he continued to write. In 2002 Iwa was declared a
878:
1737:
364:; the newspaper advocated workers rights and criticised the area's large Dutch-owned plantations. For these writings, and following an attempt to organise a
399:(1942–45) operated a law firm there. He also gave several lectures on the nationalist causes, under the watchful eye of the Japanese occupational forces.
166:
1953:
1717:
338:
121:
2059:
1702:
719:
396:
1783:
871:
345:. In the Soviet Union he was briefly married to a Ukrainian woman named Anna Ivanova; the two had a daughter, Sumira Dingli, together.
56:
2034:
416:
2044:
864:
792:
767:
744:
704:
1011:
2039:
468:
17:
490:
After his retirement from politics Iwa wrote extensively, often about history. Works published in this period include
813:
472:
431:
1227:
423:
1337:
1166:
2049:
1898:
368:, in 1929 Iwa was arrested by Dutch colonial authorities and spent a year in jail before being exiled to
278:. After returning to Indonesia he established himself as a lawyer, nationalist, and, later, a figure for
1686:
887:
522:
464:
311:
283:
2064:
1883:
1237:
1046:
931:
412:
349:
1918:
1908:
1583:
1429:
1196:
1176:
1006:
43:
1923:
1818:
1732:
1727:
1609:
1372:
941:
231:
1878:
1853:
1485:
1480:
1419:
1312:
1101:
1066:
981:
906:
484:
480:
334:
837:
The
Fighter Amidst History's Fluctuations: Autobiography of Prof. Mr. R.H. Iwa Kusuma Sumantri
483:
in
Bandung. His final political term, from 1963 to 1964, was as a government minister for the
1707:
1588:
1542:
1444:
901:
526:
379:
While in Banda Iwa became a devout Muslim, although he continued to believe in the value of
2029:
2024:
1973:
1903:
1833:
1619:
1232:
1222:
1186:
1136:
1096:
1091:
1051:
976:
971:
911:
648:
515:
326:
452:
in 1946, which led to the
Indonesian government imprisoning him; other prisoners included
8:
1963:
1823:
1454:
1449:
1424:
1414:
1287:
1262:
1036:
1016:
986:
946:
392:
113:
1868:
1863:
1578:
1282:
476:
427:
318:) to attend the law school; while in the colonial capital he also became involved with
279:
89:
1767:
1752:
1660:
1327:
991:
809:
788:
763:
740:
700:
303:
271:
198:
1993:
1928:
1858:
1803:
1788:
1650:
1362:
1297:
1086:
1031:
956:
926:
916:
457:
833:
Sang
Pejuang dalam Gejolak Sejarah: Otobiografi Prof. Mr. R.H. Iwa Kusuma Sumantri
383:. He also met several leading nationalist figures also there in exiled, including
1998:
1983:
1968:
1893:
1843:
1828:
1813:
1808:
1629:
1568:
1439:
1191:
1071:
1026:
951:
803:
778:
713:
654:
430:, government. On 31 August he was selected as Minister of Social Affairs in the
2003:
1958:
1913:
1838:
1604:
1537:
1516:
1434:
1317:
1257:
1247:
1081:
1061:
1041:
856:
453:
384:
302:, on 31 May 1899. After completing his primary education in schools run by the
2054:
2018:
1933:
1873:
1742:
1681:
1655:
1614:
1521:
1332:
1292:
1252:
1242:
1206:
1171:
1161:
1116:
449:
388:
373:
357:
262:; 31 May 1899 – 27 November 1971) was an Indonesian politician. Born in
1978:
1938:
1888:
1722:
1712:
1645:
1624:
1563:
1547:
1267:
1201:
1001:
966:
438:. He held the post until November 1945. He then joined the Struggle Union (
365:
275:
1762:
1757:
1511:
1377:
1272:
1156:
1106:
961:
936:
369:
330:
274:(now Indonesia) and Netherlands before spending time at a school in the
1988:
1848:
1506:
1501:
1409:
1357:
1181:
921:
445:
241:
463:
The Dutch recognised
Indonesia's independence in 1949, and in the new
1948:
1943:
1798:
1793:
1393:
1347:
1322:
1302:
1277:
1121:
319:
299:
267:
218:
852:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Department of Education and Culture.
808:. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 107–42.
1342:
1307:
1126:
1111:
1076:
996:
846:
Prof. Mr. Iwa Kusuma
Sumantri, S.H.: Hasil Karya dan Pengabdiannya
426:
which followed the proclamation, Iwa worked closely with the new,
1676:
1573:
1475:
1367:
1151:
1146:
1131:
1056:
530:
471:
until 1950. In 1953 Iwa was selected as
Defence Minister for the
435:
380:
315:
307:
235:
214:
142:
77:
1470:
1352:
1141:
342:
295:
263:
194:
101:
1747:
558:
556:
554:
552:
550:
548:
546:
353:
514:). He died on 27 November 1971 in Jakarta and was buried at
716:"Indonesia's constitutional history minefield of confusion"
669:
667:
665:
663:
575:
573:
571:
479:; his term lasted until 1955. In 1957 Iwa became rector of
850:
Prof. Mr. Iwa Kusuma
Sumantri, S.H.: His Works and Service
543:
251:
660:
568:
839:] (in Indonesian). Bandung: Padjadjaran University.
780:
Jejak-Jejak Pahlawan: Perekat Kesatuan Bangsa Indonesia
333:. In the country he joined the Indonesian Association (
325:
Iwa graduated in 1921 and continued his studies at the
785:
Footsteps of the Heroes: Uniting the Indonesian People
348:
Upon returning to the Indies in 1927, Iwa joined the
638:
636:
621:
609:
585:
830:
411:, which was eventually used, and helped draft the
633:
597:
2016:
886:
655:Junaidi 2002, Indonesia's constitutional history
439:
395:. Iwa later returned to Batavia and, during the
843:
339:Communist University of the Toilers of the East
872:
760:Most Complete Collection of Indonesian Heroes
879:
865:
787:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Grasindo.
776:
673:
579:
352:and worked as a lawyer. He later moved to
134:19 August 1945 – 14 November 1945
42:
753:
562:
448:. He was accused of involvement with the
270:, Iwa graduated from legal school in the
699:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Kompas.
737:Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia
14:
2017:
756:Kumpulan Pahlawan Indonesia Terlengkap
697:Uncovering the Manipulation of History
521:On 6 November 2002 Iwa was declared a
322:, an organisation for Javanese youth.
69:30 July 1953 – 12 August 1955
2060:Social affairs ministers of Indonesia
860:
805:Social Science and Power in Indonesia
801:
762:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: CIF.
734:
627:
615:
591:
360:, where he established the newspaper
1012:Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono
690:
642:
603:
504:History of the Indonesian Revolution
402:
24:
824:
25:
2076:
714:Junaidi, Ahmad (1 August 2002).
473:First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet
1748:Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah
735:Kahin, George McTurnan (1952).
469:People's Representative Council
422:During the early months of the
2035:Defense ministers of Indonesia
683:
467:Iwa served as a member of the
13:
1:
693:Membongkar Manipulasi Sejarah
536:
496:Legal Revolution in Indonesia
376:, for a period of ten years.
289:
2045:National Heroes of Indonesia
1167:Sutan Mohammad Amin Nasution
888:National Heroes of Indonesia
739:. Cornell University Press.
7:
1899:Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan
831:Iwa Kusumasumantri (2008).
529:government under President
492:Revolusi Hukum di Indonesia
417:proclaimed its independence
10:
2081:
2040:Indonesian revolutionaries
1979:Syech Yusuf Tajul Khalwati
1687:Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes
777:Sudarmanto, J. B. (2007).
691:Adam, Asvi Warman (2009).
523:National Hero of Indonesia
500:Sejarah Revolusi Indonesia
465:United States of Indonesia
284:National Hero of Indonesia
229:
122:Minister of Social Affairs
1884:I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung
1776:
1695:
1669:
1638:
1597:
1556:
1530:
1494:
1463:
1402:
1386:
1238:Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe
1215:
1047:Lambertus Nicodemus Palar
932:Alexander Andries Maramis
894:
413:Constitution of Indonesia
350:Indonesian National Party
304:Dutch colonial government
224:
204:
181:
176:
172:
160:
148:
138:
127:
119:
107:
95:
83:
73:
62:
54:
50:
41:
34:
1919:Martha Christina Tiahahu
1909:Mahmud Shah III of Johor
1584:Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro
1430:Donald Izacus Pandjaitan
1338:Soekanto Tjokrodiatmodjo
1197:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto
1177:Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
1007:Ida Anak Agung Gde Agung
844:Mardanas Safwan (1983).
508:Pokok-Pokok Ilmu Politik
506:; in three volumes) and
1924:Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin
1733:Albertus Soegijapranata
1610:Johannes Abraham Dimara
1373:Robert Wolter Mongisidi
942:Andi Sultan Daeng Radja
475:, under Prime Minister
1879:I Gusti Ketut Jelantik
1854:Raja Haji Fisabilillah
1486:Wahidin Soedirohoesodo
1481:Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo
1420:Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono
1313:Muhammad Mangundiprojo
1102:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
1067:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
982:Ferdinand Lumbantobing
907:Abdul Halim Majalengka
485:Fourth Working Cabinet
481:Padjadjaran University
440:
335:Perhimpoenan Indonesia
1708:Abdul Wahab Hasbullah
1589:Maria Walanda Maramis
1543:Wage Rudolf Supratman
1445:Sugiyono Mangunwiyoto
1022:Iwa Koesoemasoemantri
972:Djoeanda Kartawidjaja
902:Abdoel Kahar Moezakir
248:Iwa Koesoemasoemantri
36:Iwa Koesoemasoemantri
27:Indonesian politician
1974:Sisingamangaraja XII
1904:Mahmud Badaruddin II
1834:Teungku Chik di Tiro
1728:As'ad Syamsul Arifin
1620:Pajonga Daeng Ngalie
1223:Abdul Haris Nasution
1187:Teuku Muhammad Hasan
1137:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
1092:Oto Iskandar di Nata
1052:Maskoen Soemadiredja
977:Ernest Douwes Dekker
912:Abdurrahman Baswedan
516:Karet Bivak Cemetery
441:Persatuan Perjuangan
327:University of Leiden
1964:Ranggong Daeng Romo
1738:Bagoes Hadikoesoemo
1455:Sutoyo Siswomiharjo
1425:Katamso Darmokusumo
1415:Karel Satsuit Tubun
1263:Halim Perdanakusuma
1037:Kasman Singodimedjo
1017:I Gusti Ketut Pudja
987:Gatot Mangkoepradja
947:Arie Frederik Lasut
419:on 17 August 1945.
397:Japanese occupation
393:Tjipto Mangunkusumo
114:Burhanuddin Harahap
57:Minister of Defense
2050:People from Ciamis
1869:Tuanku Imam Bonjol
1579:Ki Hajar Dewantara
1353:Sutomo (Bung Tomo)
1283:I Gusti Ngurah Rai
1228:Abdul Rahman Saleh
754:Mirnawati (2012).
565:, pp. 276–77.
512:Tenets of Politics
477:Ali Sastroamidjojo
460:, and Tan Malaka.
256:Iwa Kusumasumantri
252:Perfected Spelling
90:Ali Sastroamidjojo
18:Iwa Kusumasumantri
2012:
2011:
1768:Nyai Ahmad Dahlan
1661:Tirto Adhi Soerjo
1328:Oerip Soemohardjo
1298:R. E. Martadinata
992:Hamengkubuwono IX
794:978-979-759-716-0
769:978-979-788-343-0
746:978-0-8014-9108-5
706:978-979-709-404-1
403:Post-independence
272:Dutch East Indies
228:
227:
199:Dutch East Indies
167:A.D. Tjokronegoro
16:(Redirected from
2072:
2065:Sundanese people
1994:Thaha Syaifuddin
1929:Nyi Ageng Serang
1859:Hamengkubuwono I
1804:Andi Mappanyukki
1651:Mohammad Tabrani
1363:T. B. Simatupang
1087:Opu Daeng Risaju
1032:Johannes Leimena
957:Bagindo Azizchan
927:Adnan Kapau Gani
917:Achmad Soebardjo
881:
874:
867:
858:
857:
853:
840:
819:
798:
773:
750:
731:
729:
727:
722:on 14 April 2014
718:. Archived from
710:
677:
671:
658:
652:
646:
640:
631:
625:
619:
613:
607:
601:
595:
589:
583:
577:
566:
560:
458:Achmad Soebardjo
443:
434:under President
358:northern Sumatra
294:Iwa was born in
211:
208:27 November 1971
191:
189:
177:Personal details
163:
151:
132:
110:
98:
86:
67:
46:
32:
31:
21:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2008:
1999:Untung Surapati
1984:Tuanku Tambusai
1969:Ratu Kalinyamat
1894:La Maddukelleng
1844:Cut Nyak Meutia
1829:Bataha Santiago
1824:Sultan Babullah
1814:Prince Antasari
1809:Aria Wangsakara
1794:Ageng Tirtayasa
1772:
1691:
1665:
1634:
1630:Syarif Kasim II
1593:
1569:Herman Johannes
1552:
1526:
1490:
1459:
1440:Siswondo Parman
1403:Revolutionaries
1398:
1382:
1211:
1192:Teuku Nyak Arif
1072:Mohammad Natsir
1027:Izaak Huru Doko
952:Arnold Mononutu
890:
885:
827:
825:Further reading
822:
816:
795:
770:
747:
725:
723:
707:
686:
681:
680:
674:Sudarmanto 2007
672:
661:
653:
649:
641:
634:
626:
622:
614:
610:
602:
598:
590:
586:
580:Sudarmanto 2007
578:
569:
561:
544:
539:
405:
362:Matahari Terbit
292:
280:workers' rights
260:Kusuma Sumantri
245:
232:Indonesian name
213:
209:
193:
187:
185:
161:
149:
133:
128:
108:
96:
84:
68:
63:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2078:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2004:Zainal Mustafa
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1959:Radin Inten II
1956:
1954:Raden Mattaher
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1914:Mangkunegara I
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1839:Cut Nyak Dhien
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1753:Hasyim Asy'ari
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1718:Ahmad Hanafiah
1715:
1710:
1705:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1605:Frans Kaisiepo
1601:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1538:Ismail Marzuki
1534:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1517:Mohammad Yamin
1514:
1509:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1435:Pierre Tendean
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1318:Muhammad Yasin
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1258:Gatot Soebroto
1255:
1250:
1248:Djamin Ginting
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1082:Nani Wartabone
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1062:Mohammad Hatta
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1042:Kusumah Atmaja
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
898:
896:
892:
891:
884:
883:
876:
869:
861:
855:
854:
841:
826:
823:
821:
820:
814:
799:
793:
774:
768:
751:
745:
732:
711:
705:
687:
685:
682:
679:
678:
676:, p. 369.
659:
647:
632:
630:, p. 116.
620:
618:, p. 150.
608:
596:
594:, p. 111.
584:
582:, p. 368.
567:
563:Mirnawati 2012
541:
540:
538:
535:
454:Muhammad Yamin
404:
401:
385:Muhammad Hatta
306:, he left for
291:
288:
234:, there is no
226:
225:
222:
221:
212:(aged 72)
206:
202:
201:
183:
179:
178:
174:
173:
170:
169:
164:
158:
157:
155:Office created
152:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
125:
124:
117:
116:
111:
105:
104:
99:
93:
92:
87:
85:Prime Minister
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
60:
59:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2077:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1934:Pakubuwono VI
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1874:Iskandar Muda
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
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450:3 July Affair
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432:first cabinet
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389:Sutan Sjahrir
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1939:Pakubuwono X
1889:Kiras Bangun
1819:Sultan Agung
1723:Ahmad Sanusi
1713:Ahmad Dahlan
1703:Abdul Chalim
1646:Ilyas Yakoub
1625:Silas Papare
1564:Dewi Sartika
1548:Usmar Ismail
1502:Abdoel Moeis
1387:Independence
1268:Harun Thohir
1202:Wahid Hasyim
1021:
1002:Idham Chalid
967:Tjilik Riwut
849:
845:
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832:
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724:. Retrieved
720:the original
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421:
415:, Indonesia
409:proclamation
408:
406:
378:
366:labour union
361:
347:
324:
293:
276:Soviet Union
259:
255:
247:
246:
238:
210:(1971-11-27)
162:Succeeded by
154:
129:
109:Succeeded by
64:
29:
2030:1971 deaths
2025:1899 births
1784:Abdul Kadir
1763:Mas Mansoer
1758:Lafran Pane
1670:Development
1598:Integration
1512:Amir Hamzah
1476:Dr. Soetomo
1378:Yos Sudarso
1273:Hasan Basry
1157:Ario Soerjo
1107:Rasuna Said
962:B.W. Lapian
937:Andi Djemma
684:Works cited
370:Banda Neira
331:Netherlands
236:family name
192:31 May 1899
150:Preceded by
97:Preceded by
2019:Categories
1989:Teuku Umar
1864:Hasanuddin
1849:Diponegoro
1743:Fakhruddin
1507:Agus Salim
1464:Resistance
1410:Ahmad Yani
1233:Adisucipto
1182:Tan Malaka
1097:P. M. Noor
922:Adam Malik
628:Kahin 1952
616:Kahin 1952
592:White 2005
537:References
446:Tan Malaka
444:), led by
424:revolution
290:Early life
242:patronymic
188:1899-05-31
1949:Pong Tiku
1944:Pattimura
1799:Andi Depu
1557:Education
1394:Fatmawati
1348:Supriyadi
1323:Noer Alie
1303:Mas Isman
1278:Iswahyudi
1122:Samanhudi
895:Political
643:Adam 2009
604:Adam 2009
527:New Order
372:, in the
320:Jong Java
300:West Java
268:West Java
219:Indonesia
139:President
130:In office
74:President
65:In office
1777:Struggle
1696:Religion
1495:Literary
1450:Suprapto
1343:Sudirman
1308:Moestopo
1288:John Lie
1216:Military
1127:Soekarni
1112:Sahardjo
1077:Moewardi
997:Hazairin
230:In this
120:1st
55:8th
1677:Suharso
1574:Kartini
1358:Syam'un
1152:Soeroso
1147:Soepomo
1132:Sukarno
1057:Masjkur
726:24 June
531:Suharto
436:Sukarno
381:Marxism
329:in the
316:Jakarta
312:Batavia
308:Bandung
258:; also
215:Jakarta
143:Sukarno
78:Sukarno
1471:Alimin
1142:Supeno
812:
791:
766:
743:
703:
428:native
391:, and
343:Moscow
296:Ciamis
264:Ciamis
240:nor a
195:Ciamis
102:Wilopo
1639:Press
848:[
835:[
783:[
758:[
695:[
356:, in
354:Medan
314:(now
2055:PPKI
810:ISBN
789:ISBN
764:ISBN
741:ISBN
728:2013
701:ISBN
205:Died
182:Born
1531:Art
498:),
341:in
2021::
662:^
635:^
570:^
545:^
533:.
518:.
487:.
456:,
387:,
298:,
286:.
266:,
254::
217:,
197:,
880:e
873:t
866:v
818:.
797:.
772:.
749:.
730:.
709:.
657:.
510:(
502:(
494:(
250:(
244:.
190:)
186:(
20:)
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