637:, made his way to confront him and Abbas rushed with his army to meet the Emperor. Gelawdewos was entirely victorious in this engagement and Abbas with all his captains were killed. The remaining Muslims who had survived the battle became the target of the local Christian populace who massacred all those who they could find. The Emperor then appointed Khalid, a Christian who had converted to Islam but that had reverted back to Christianity, as the provincial governor of Dawaro. Gelawdewos later faced problems with the Portuguese, he then banished 140 of them to the province of Dawaro. The presence of the Portuguese greatly displeased Khalid, he therefore ordered them to be killed or expelled from the province. Khalid attempted to ambush the Portuguese with a large army, but as soon as the assault began they shot and killed Khalid, after which most of his supporters would become their vassals. The Emperor was said to be very pleased with this outcome as he had always distrusted the governor.
513:
397:
54:
59:
64:
455:
619:. In the summer of 1531, the Adalites returned to Dawaro where they occupied the province, they soon ravaged the province and destroyed a large church that was erected by the Emperor's predecessor. The Imam then arrived at a settlement called Geberge and demanded that all of the Christian inhabitants either convert to Islam or pay the
540:
livestock "without number" and "destroyed the crops of their country". The "wicked plans of
Haydara" of Dawaro were thus "brought to nothing" as the chronicler states. Dawaro was then grouped together with other kingdoms such as Hadiya, Fatagar and Ifat as a tributary kingdom to the Ethiopian Empire under the leadership of
606:
became the first part of the empire to be confronted by the forces of Imam Ahmad. The Imam carried out a raid on the province in 1526-7. His men was said to take considerable loot such as horses, slaves and sheep. The
Adalites planned to return to their country, but the "infidels of Dawaro" assembled
539:
during his rebellion and "treacherously" executed some of the
Emperor's messengers. Amda Seyon, incensed by this act of rebellion, at once set out with his troops. On reaching Dawaro he "laid waste the country from one end to the other". He killed young men, took women and children prisoners, seized
352:
According to oral tradition, as narrated by Jaarso elders, The Jaarso Code or
Conduct is older than 1200 years and In order to establish their governance and decision-making process, the elders of Jaarso held a 6-month meeting in Marar and Mulisa. All the six Jaarso sub-clans participated.
644:
623:
tax. Most of the inhabitants choose to retain their religion by declaring their neutrality and agreeing to pay the tax, others agreed to be converted, among those converted were 50 Christian nobles. The Imam, much pleased with their conversion, appointed Amir Husain
711:
province and more important areas. However, his strategic brilliance wasn’t just about battlefield tactics, he also knew how to win without fighting through political strategic and interference by shaping the political system he wanted. Pankhurst
568:, who then encouraged the settlement of Ethiopian military colonists to the peripheral province. However, the Ethiopian troops stationed in the region were in constant danger as their positions soon came under the attacks of Sultan
1733:
628:
as governor of the province. Control of the province would later fall under Ahmad's nephew, Vizier Abbas, who ruled over Dawaro as well as neighboring
Fatager and Bali. Following the Imam's death and defeat at
564:. The social customs of Dawaro were also very similar to that of Ifat with both regions being inhabited by Muslims. Christian proselytization of the locals reached a high level of intensity during the reign of
479:
816:, the Jaarso makes 3rd largest group in the city. All genetic analysis carried out on the Jaarso male clan members have so far shown that they exclusively belong to the T1 paternal haplogroup.
611:
received news of an impending larger invasion of Dawaro, the
Emperor assembled a large army that consisted of units from all over the country. This army was defeated in the disastrous
1182:
490:
Th clan of the Härti, people of Mait, the tribe of Jairan, the tribe of Mazzar. the tribe of Barsub all of these were
Somalis and they were ordered by the Imam to hold the left
552:, but resembled it in that it produced cereals and fruits, and reared horses and beasts of burden. Trade however was less developed. A type of "primitive currency" called
1228:
1677:
Iacovacci, Giuseppe; D’Atanasio, Eugenia; Marini, Ornella; Coppa, Alfredo; Sellitto, Daniele; Trombetta, Beniamino; Berti, Andrea; Cruciani, Fulvio (2017-03-01).
839:
1208:
1291:ʿArabfaqīh, Šihāb ad-Dīn Aḥmad Ibn ʿAbd al-Qādir; Stenhouse, Paul Lester; Pankhurst, Richard; ʿArabfaqīh, Šihāb ad-Dīn Aḥmad Ibn ʿAbd al-Qādir (2003).
882:
699:
Lenbä Dengel dispatched a large army in an attempt to regain the control of the territory, but one of the Imam’s kinsmen Sultan Muhammäd defeated it.
1747:
871:
Suldan Adam
Asshabiye (Adan Darwish) (Sultan the Jaarso Tribe and their sub-clan Dhanka during the Egyptian invasion of the Eastern Horn of Africa).
1017:
349:
Jaarso also known (Xeerka lixda Jaarso), characterized by power-sharing principles, uniting the community in their pursuit of stability and order.
835:
Maxamud
Cabdilaahi Xamare Akka Tako Xamare (former Somali Regional State Parliament and was one of the 18 other officials between 1998-2007)
313:
where they established settlement of Sheikh Cali Cafiif. They are associated with the spread of Islam. The Jaarso are the majority clan in
1148:
1103:
Scribal
Practices in Arabic Manuscripts from Ethiopia: The ʿAjamization of Scribal Practices in Fuṣḥā and ʿAjamī Manuscripts from Harar
1121:
535:, Amda Seyon then proceeded to garrison Dawaro. However, in the late 1320s the ruler of the province, Haydara, ended up siding with
757:
578:
1344:
1354:
1300:
1084:
1001:
930:
720:
His legacy, both feared and admired, continued to influence geopolitics and military strategy in the region to this day.
854:
1679:"Forensic data and microvariant sequence characterization of 27 Y-STR loci analyzed in four Eastern African countries"
1798:
1776:
1635:
1592:
1565:
1538:
1511:
1484:
1419:
1327:
1275:
1192:
1131:
1074:
1057:
957:
1582:
1555:
1766:
432:
1123:
Ethiopia and the Red Sea The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region
523:
Dawaro is one of the six major sub-clans of the Jaarso and the earliest mention of this province comes from the
345:
clans migration, which caused societal chaos. In response, Jaarso established a traditional constitution called
1165:
1101:
829:
690:
401:
843:
469:
The Jaarso (as Jairan) were one of the first clans to accept the call of jihad and they are mentioned in the
990:
Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʻAbd al-Qādir ʻArabfaqīh, Translated by Paul Stenhouse, Richard Pankhurst (2003).
415:, which served as the first capital of the Adal Sultanate after its founding in the early 15th century by
1437:"Islamic Principalities in Southeast Ethiopia Between the Thirteenth and Sixteenth Centuries (Part Ii)"
1372:"Islamic Principalities in Southeast Ethiopia Between the Thirteenth and Sixteenth Centuries (Part Ii)"
686:
667:
599:
583:
390:
1723:
discovery.ucl.ac.uk › 133190...PDF Variation in Y chromosome, mitochondrial DNA and labels of ...
1627:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
1608:
1530:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
1503:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
1476:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
1411:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
1319:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
1678:
731:
The Jaarso clan members consist 6 major sub-clans and are preserved their lineage and is as follows.
898:
549:
532:
528:
708:
548:, Dawaro was measured five days journey by two or 100 kilometers by 40. It was much smaller than
1667:
Clanship, Conflict and Refugees: An Introduction to Somalis in the Horn of Africa, Guido Ambroso
602:. The province of Dawaro, because of its location to the east and its relative proximity to the
612:
545:
1031:
886:
607:
a large army against them, this force was subsequently defeated. Not long after this Emperor
630:
440:
707:
forces achieved unprecedented triumphs, expanding their dominion into territories such as
8:
865:
1448:
1383:
1248:
1011:
875:
663:
370:
322:
796:
found that all of the individuals belonged to the Y-DNA T1 paternal haplogroup and in
512:
1772:
1706:
1698:
1631:
1588:
1561:
1534:
1507:
1480:
1415:
1350:
1323:
1296:
1271:
1252:
1188:
1127:
1080:
1053:
1036:. Vol. 11. African Studies Center, Michigan State University. 1989. p. 115.
997:
953:
926:
674:. It might not be the same Hargaya, but researcher Dilebo Lapiso and other Ethiopian
633:, Abbas launched a fierce attack on a number of Christian towns. The young Emperor,
305:
The Jarso (Ali) Madaxwayne Dir are a vast clan that stretch from Diida Waleed (near
1768:
Emirate, Egyptian, Ethiopian: Colonial Experiences in Late Nineteenth-Century Harar
1690:
1240:
405:
516:
Medieval map of peoples, kingdoms and regions alongside major trade routes in the
396:
1694:
1652:
1625:
1528:
1501:
1474:
1409:
1317:
1047:
991:
974:
947:
920:
591:
569:
416:
334:
191:
175:
96:
88:
989:
874:
Bakhar Waare (Imam of the Jaarso, Nole, Gurgura, Habr Maqdi and Issa during the
640:
The Jaarso clan also has a sub-division of the Dhanka sub-clan called Hargaya.
704:
682:
671:
603:
556:
was used which were pieces of iron as long as a needle. A cow would cost 5,000
541:
517:
463:
420:
362:
314:
183:
92:
20:
1244:
594:, but he was defeated and killed. The next time Dawaro is mentioned is in the
582:
Barje as governor of the province. Dawaro was soon invaded by the Adal Sultan
1792:
1702:
689:
was mentioned in “The Ethiopian Borderlands” a book by the British historian
625:
536:
278:
211:
261:, the Garre (the Quranyow sub-clan to be precise as they claim descent from
1710:
576:
consolidated the supremacy of the Christian empire in Dawaro and appointed
286:
207:
137:
716:
He then declared the province under his authority, and appointed governors
427:
and other historians identify Dakkar as being located one km southeast of
809:
685:
military leaders, who was also from Dhanka sub-clan and fought alongside
675:
436:
424:
386:
378:
338:
318:
250:
129:
112:
1452:
1436:
1387:
1371:
805:
735:
634:
587:
573:
366:
328:
310:
266:
262:
258:
246:
234:
199:
1613:. African Studies Center, Michigan State University. 1977. p. 24.
1290:
666:
in the sixteenth century, the people of Hargaya fought in the army of
797:
444:
374:
215:
133:
309:) to the Awash region; they also extend onto the areas northwestern
922:
Genealogies of the Somal: Inclusing Those of the Aysa and Gadabursi
826:
801:
793:
659:
411:
Either Jinacsani or Funyan Bira is believed by archaeologist to be
203:
153:
76:
53:
58:
813:
651:
608:
565:
448:
342:
294:
290:
282:
274:
254:
238:
145:
141:
63:
858:
849:
Ambassador Suleiman Dedefo (the Ambassadors of Ethiopia to the
655:
495:
412:
389:. The sixteenth-century ruler of Adal who conquered Abyssinia,
373:
and are predominant clan in the historic towns of Jinacsani or
306:
270:
242:
223:
125:
1676:
643:
19:
This article is about the ethnic group. For the district, see
620:
616:
502:
as source dating back as far as the 16th century, by author:
473:
as source dating back as far as the 16th century, by author:
459:
428:
382:
219:
149:
108:
1748:"Ethiopian Military-Run Company Seeks More Foreign Partners"
346:
1293:
Futūḥ Al-Ḥabaša: the conquest of Abyssinia (16th century)
850:
237:
sub-clan, the Jaarso have immediate lineal ties with the
973:
Division, Great Britain War Office Intelligence (1941).
454:
435:
states that the city was situated near the village of
337:, civil wars, clan border disruptions due to massive
333:
The Jarso clan faced a series of problems, including
1557:
Muslim Societies in Africa A Historical Anthropology
996:. Tsehai Publishers & Distributors. p. 77.
949:
Peoples of the Horn of Africa: Somali, Afar and Saho
329:
Code of Conduct (Xeerka Jaarso) & Administration
853:and the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Ethiopian
678:are stating Hargaya may be associated with Jaarso.
498:a sub-clan of the Jaarso are also mentioned in the
198:) is a northern Somali clan, a sub-division of the
1073:Sundkler, Bengt; Steed, Christopher (4 May 2000).
214:, especially in and around the ancient cities of
1790:
1184:Islamic History and Culture in Southern Ethiopia
861:from France, and Spire Corporation from America.
1587:. University of California Press. p. 272.
1657:(in Italian). Direzione della Nuova Antologia.
1052:. The Red Sea Press. 1995-01-01. p. 121.
894:Suldaan Haaroosh Traditional leader of Jigjiga
1072:
504:Shihabudin Ahmad bin Abd al-Qadir 'Arab Faqih
500:Futuh Al Habasha : Conquest of Abyssinia
475:Shihabudin Ahmad bin Abd al-Qadir 'Arab Faqih
471:Futuh Al Habasha : Conquest of Abyssinia
269:sub-clans and they have lineal ties with the
1343:Trimingham, J. Spencer (13 September 2013).
1016:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
842:council and Speaker of the Oromia Caffee or
832:(lower Hause) and was one of the 122 vacant)
792:DNA analysis of Dir clan members inhabiting
647:Location of Hargaya state in the middle ages
42:
36:
1650:
1226:
857:which works with foreign companies such as
1434:
1369:
1342:
1229:"Arabic Inscriptions in Southern Ethiopia"
1216:. Cambridge University Press. p. 149.
1180:
1740:
1623:
1560:. Indiana University Press. p. 184.
1526:
1499:
1472:
1407:
1315:
1265:
1119:
289:clan groups, who share the same ancestor
1764:
1683:Forensic Science International: Genetics
1553:
1150:A Short History of Ethiopia and the Horn
1109:. University of Copenhagen. p. 148.
972:
819:
703:Under Muhammad’s astute leadership, the
642:
511:
453:
395:
1040:
1024:
993:The conquest of Abyssinia: 16th century
979:. publisher not identified. p. 55.
918:
598:, the history of the conquests of Imam
544:. According to the Egyptian historian,
404:illustrating Hubetta's location in the
1791:
1580:
615:, but the Imam later returned back to
1651:Protonotari, Francesco (1890-01-01).
1153:. Addis Ababa University. p. 74.
1146:
983:
945:
462:. Both served as the capitals of the
1765:Ben-Dror, Avishai (23 August 2018).
1239:(116). Antiquity Publications: 233.
1126:. Taylor & Francis. p. 27.
443:believes that it was in the town of
71:Regions with significant populations
1734:"Interpreting the Election Results"
1581:Marcus, Harold (22 February 2002).
1163:
1120:Mordechai, Abir (28 October 2013).
195:
43:
13:
864:Jemal Yousuf Hassen (President of
855:Metals and Engineering Corporation
838:Sa’ada Abdurahman (Speaker of the
202:clan family They largely live in
14:
1810:
1076:A History of the Church in Africa
1435:Braukämper, Ulrich (Fall 1977).
1370:Braukämper, Ulrich (Fall 1977).
1099:
62:
57:
52:
1758:
1726:
1717:
1670:
1661:
1644:
1617:
1601:
1574:
1554:Loimeier, Roman (5 June 2013).
1547:
1520:
1493:
1466:
1428:
1401:
1363:
1336:
1309:
1284:
1259:
1220:
1201:
1174:
1157:
1140:
919:Cox, P.Z.; Abud, H. M. (2020).
881:Adam Tukale popularly known as
361:The Jaarso are mainly found in
300:
1630:. Red Sea Press. p. 225.
1533:. Red Sea Press. p. 241.
1506:. Red Sea Press. p. 179.
1479:. Red Sea Press. p. 177.
1113:
1093:
1079:. Cambridge University Press.
1066:
966:
939:
912:
830:Federal Parliamentary Assembly
691:Richard Keir Pethick Pankhurst
1:
1771:. Syracuse University Press.
1414:. Red Sea Press. p. 70.
1322:. Red Sea Press. p. 69.
952:. Red Sea Press. p. 26.
905:
844:Coffee production in Ethiopia
658:state in present-day eastern
1695:10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.12.015
825:Sakariya Abdi Usman (former
808:population, which after the
726:
35:
7:
1624:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
1527:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
1500:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
1473:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
1408:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
1316:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
1266:Pankhurst, Richard (1982).
1227:Huntingford, G.W.B (1955).
1210:Cambridge History of Africa
1181:Braukamper, Ulrich (2002).
897:Abdi Usman (Speaker if the
885:(is one of the founders of
228:
10:
1815:
1268:History Of Ethiopian Towns
1187:. LitVerlag. p. 114.
687:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi
668:Ahmed ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi
600:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi
391:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi
356:
18:
1349:. Routledge. p. 71.
1245:10.1017/S0003598X00021955
1167:Islam yesterday and today
1033:Northeast African Studies
265:), Gurre, Gariire, other
124:
119:
107:
102:
87:
82:
75:
70:
51:
34:
1799:Somali clans in Ethiopia
1049:The Invention of Somalia
899:Horyaal Democratic Front
787:
770:Bah Midig (senior wife)
754:Bah Bidix (junior wife)
586:who faced the forces of
1270:. Steiner. p. 49.
584:Badlay ibn Sa'ad ad-Din
1295:. Tsehai. p. 76.
976:A Handbook of Ethiopia
718:
701:
648:
613:Battle of Shimbra Kure
546:Ibn Fadlallah al-Umari
520:
492:
466:
408:
187:
179:
37:
1584:A History of Ethiopia
1147:Zewde, Bahru (1998).
946:Lewis, I. M. (1998).
887:Oromo Liberation Army
840:Oromia Regional state
820:Notable Jaarso People
714:
697:
646:
515:
488:
457:
399:
120:Related ethnic groups
441:G. W. B. Huntingford
393:was born in Hubat.
16:Northern Somali clan
1754:. 18 February 2013.
925:. Hansebooks GmbH.
866:Haramaya University
365:, and northwestern
253:, the Bajimal, the
31:
1610:Ethiopianist Notes
1441:Ethiopianist Notes
1376:Ethiopianist Notes
876:Battle of Chelenqo
664:Ethiopian-Adal war
649:
531:. After occupying
521:
467:
458:Map of Dakkar and
409:
371:East Hararghe Zone
323:East Hararghe Zone
29:
1356:978-1-136-97022-1
1346:Islam in Ethiopia
1302:978-0-9723172-6-9
1164:Cerulli, Enrico.
1086:978-0-521-58342-8
1003:978-0-9723172-6-9
932:978-3-337-96889-2
654:was a historical
494:The Sultanate of
433:Richard Pankhurst
160:
159:
1806:
1783:
1782:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1015:
1007:
987:
981:
980:
970:
964:
963:
943:
937:
936:
916:
883:Mullis Abba Gada
804:with a majority
695:Pankhurst states
486:Arab Faqih notes
406:Emirate of Harar
197:
66:
61:
56:
46:
45:
40:
32:
28:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1779:
1763:
1759:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1654:Nuova antologia
1649:
1645:
1638:
1622:
1618:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1595:
1579:
1575:
1568:
1552:
1548:
1541:
1525:
1521:
1514:
1498:
1494:
1487:
1471:
1467:
1457:
1455:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1390:
1368:
1364:
1357:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1314:
1310:
1303:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1264:
1260:
1225:
1221:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1195:
1179:
1175:
1162:
1158:
1145:
1141:
1134:
1118:
1114:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1087:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1009:
1008:
1004:
988:
984:
971:
967:
960:
944:
940:
933:
917:
913:
908:
822:
790:
729:
723:
596:Futuh al-Habasa
592:Battle of Gomit
570:Jamal ad-Din II
560:, a goat 3,000
525:Royal Chronicle
402:John Arrowsmith
385:today known as
359:
335:Ethnic conflict
331:
303:
231:
47:
41:
27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1812:
1802:
1801:
1785:
1784:
1777:
1757:
1739:
1725:
1716:
1669:
1660:
1643:
1636:
1616:
1600:
1593:
1573:
1566:
1546:
1539:
1519:
1512:
1492:
1485:
1465:
1427:
1420:
1400:
1362:
1355:
1335:
1328:
1308:
1301:
1283:
1276:
1258:
1219:
1200:
1193:
1173:
1170:. p. 156.
1156:
1139:
1132:
1112:
1092:
1085:
1065:
1058:
1039:
1023:
1002:
982:
965:
958:
938:
931:
910:
909:
907:
904:
903:
902:
895:
891:
890:
879:
872:
869:
862:
847:
836:
833:
821:
818:
800:82% a city in
789:
786:
785:
784:
783:
782:
781:
780:
777:
774:
768:
767:
766:
763:
760:
749:
748:
747:
744:
741:
728:
725:
705:Adal Sultanate
672:Adal Sultanate
604:Adal Sultanate
542:Jamal Ad-Din I
464:Adal Sultanate
421:Enrico Cerulli
363:Jarso (woreda)
358:
355:
330:
327:
315:Jarso (woreda)
302:
299:
257:, the Madigan
230:
227:
158:
157:
122:
121:
117:
116:
105:
104:
100:
99:
85:
84:
80:
79:
73:
72:
68:
67:
49:
48:
25:
21:Jarso (woreda)
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1811:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1780:
1778:9780815654315
1774:
1770:
1769:
1761:
1753:
1752:Bloomberg.com
1749:
1743:
1735:
1729:
1720:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1673:
1664:
1656:
1655:
1647:
1639:
1637:9780932415196
1633:
1629:
1628:
1620:
1612:
1611:
1604:
1596:
1594:9780520925427
1590:
1586:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1567:9780253007971
1563:
1559:
1558:
1550:
1542:
1540:9780932415196
1536:
1532:
1531:
1523:
1515:
1513:9780932415196
1509:
1505:
1504:
1496:
1488:
1486:9780932415196
1482:
1478:
1477:
1469:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1423:
1421:9780932415196
1417:
1413:
1412:
1404:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1366:
1358:
1352:
1348:
1347:
1339:
1331:
1329:9780932415196
1325:
1321:
1320:
1312:
1304:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1277:9783515032049
1273:
1269:
1262:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1223:
1212:
1211:
1204:
1196:
1194:9783825856717
1190:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1169:
1168:
1160:
1152:
1151:
1143:
1135:
1133:9781136280900
1129:
1125:
1124:
1116:
1105:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1069:
1061:
1059:9780932415998
1055:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1019:
1013:
1005:
999:
995:
994:
986:
978:
977:
969:
961:
959:9781569021057
955:
951:
950:
942:
934:
928:
924:
923:
915:
911:
900:
896:
893:
892:
888:
884:
880:
877:
873:
870:
867:
863:
860:
856:
852:
848:
845:
841:
837:
834:
831:
828:
824:
823:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
778:
775:
772:
771:
769:
764:
761:
759:
756:
755:
753:
752:
750:
745:
742:
739:
738:
737:
734:
733:
732:
724:
721:
717:
713:
710:
706:
700:
696:
693:
692:
688:
684:
679:
677:
676:Archeologists
673:
669:
665:
662:. During the
661:
657:
653:
645:
641:
638:
636:
632:
627:
622:
618:
614:
610:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
580:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
538:
537:Sabr ad-Din I
534:
530:
526:
519:
514:
510:
509:
505:
501:
497:
491:
487:
484:
483:
481:
476:
472:
465:
461:
456:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
407:
403:
398:
394:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
354:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
298:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
226:
225:
221:
217:
213:
212:Somali Region
209:
205:
201:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
118:
114:
110:
106:
101:
98:
94:
90:
86:
81:
78:
74:
69:
65:
60:
55:
50:
39:
33:
22:
1767:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1728:
1719:
1686:
1682:
1672:
1663:
1653:
1646:
1626:
1619:
1609:
1603:
1583:
1576:
1556:
1549:
1529:
1522:
1502:
1495:
1475:
1468:
1456:. Retrieved
1444:
1440:
1430:
1410:
1403:
1391:. Retrieved
1379:
1375:
1365:
1345:
1338:
1318:
1311:
1292:
1286:
1267:
1261:
1236:
1232:
1222:
1209:
1203:
1183:
1176:
1166:
1159:
1149:
1142:
1122:
1115:
1102:
1100:Fani, Sara.
1095:
1075:
1068:
1048:
1042:
1032:
1026:
992:
985:
975:
968:
948:
941:
921:
914:
791:
730:
722:
719:
715:
702:
698:
694:
680:
650:
639:
595:
577:
561:
557:
553:
524:
522:
507:
503:
499:
493:
489:
485:
478:
474:
470:
468:
410:
400:1832 map by
379:Funyaan Bira
360:
351:
332:
304:
301:Distribution
232:
208:Oromo Region
171:
167:
163:
161:
26:Ethnic group
1689:: 123–131.
681:One of the
527:of Emperor
508:Arab Faqih.
437:Funyan Bira
431:. However,
425:Bahru Zewde
417:Sabr ad-Din
387:Ejersa Goro
321:and in the
319:Funyan Bira
906:References
779:Ali (Orma)
740:Madahweyne
670:leader of
635:Gelawdewos
631:Wanya Daga
588:Zara Yaqob
574:Zara Yaqob
572:. Emperor
529:Amda Seyon
480:Arab Faqih
367:Fafan Zone
311:Fafan Zone
293:and other
247:Gadabuursi
152:and other
1703:1872-4973
1447:(2): 18.
1382:(2): 18.
1253:163349172
1233:Antiquity
1012:cite book
827:Ethiopian
798:Dire Dawa
727:Clan tree
579:Fitawrari
445:Chinaksen
375:Chinaksen
369:, in the
287:Gaalje'el
216:Chinaksen
206:, in the
154:Dir clans
134:Gadabursi
83:Languages
1793:Category
1711:28068531
1453:42731322
1388:42731322
802:Ethiopia
794:Djibouti
660:Ethiopia
273:(Irir),
229:Overview
210:and the
204:Ethiopia
103:Religion
77:Ethiopia
814:Gurgura
751:Jaarso
683:Adalite
652:Hargaya
609:Dawit I
590:at the
566:Dawit I
562:hakunas
558:hakunas
554:hakunas
449:Jigjiga
357:History
291:Samaale
283:Degoodi
275:Hawadle
239:Gurgura
224:Jigjiga
188:Jaarsoo
172:Jaarsoo
146:Biimaal
142:Gurgure
1775:
1709:
1701:
1634:
1591:
1564:
1537:
1510:
1483:
1451:
1418:
1386:
1353:
1326:
1299:
1274:
1251:
1191:
1130:
1083:
1056:
1000:
956:
929:
859:Alstom
776:Walabi
773:Dawaro
758:Dhanqo
656:Muslim
626:Gaturi
496:Dawaro
413:Dakkar
343:Somali
307:Jijiga
297:clans
295:Somali
279:Ajuran
271:Hawiye
255:Bursuk
243:Akisho
192:Arabic
180:Jaarso
176:Somali
168:Giarso
164:Jaarso
126:Akisho
97:Arabic
89:Somali
38:Jaarso
30:Jaarso
1458:2 May
1449:JSTOR
1393:2 May
1384:JSTOR
1249:S2CID
1214:(PDF)
1107:(PDF)
788:Y-DNA
712:notes
621:jizya
617:Harar
460:Harar
447:near
429:Harar
383:Hubat
339:Oromo
233:As a
220:Harar
196:جارسو
184:Oromo
150:Gurre
138:Surre
113:Sunni
109:Islam
93:Oromo
44:جارسو
1773:ISBN
1707:PMID
1699:ISSN
1632:ISBN
1589:ISBN
1562:ISBN
1535:ISBN
1508:ISBN
1481:ISBN
1460:2023
1416:ISBN
1395:2023
1351:ISBN
1324:ISBN
1297:ISBN
1272:ISBN
1189:ISBN
1128:ISBN
1081:ISBN
1054:ISBN
1018:link
998:ISBN
954:ISBN
927:ISBN
812:and
810:Issa
765:Ooge
762:Sayo
746:Maah
709:Bali
550:Ifat
533:Ifat
518:Horn
506:or '
477:or '
439:and
381:and
347:Xeer
341:and
251:Issa
222:and
162:The
130:Issa
95:and
1691:doi
1241:doi
851:UAE
806:Dir
743:Ali
736:Dir
624:al-
267:Dir
263:Dir
259:Dir
235:Dir
200:Dir
170:or
1795::
1750:.
1705:.
1697:.
1687:27
1685:.
1681:.
1443:.
1439:.
1378:.
1374:.
1247:.
1237:29
1235:.
1231:.
1014:}}
1010:{{
451:.
423:,
419:.
377:,
325:.
317:,
285:,
281:,
277:,
249:,
245:,
241:,
218:,
194::
190:,
186::
182:,
178::
166:,
148:,
144:,
140:,
136:,
132:,
128:,
91:,
1781:.
1736:.
1713:.
1693::
1640:.
1597:.
1570:.
1543:.
1516:.
1489:.
1462:.
1445:1
1424:.
1397:.
1380:1
1359:.
1332:.
1305:.
1280:.
1255:.
1243::
1197:.
1136:.
1089:.
1062:.
1020:)
1006:.
962:.
935:.
901:)
889:)
878:)
868:)
846:)
482:.
174:(
156:.
115:)
111:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
