593:
1420:
336:, but resigned the office a few weeks later on finding that his duties interfered with his ecclesiastical work. When the schism in the papacy assumed a very critical character, Kennedy undertook a journey to Rome with the intention of promoting a reconciliation. He obtained a safe-conduct through England from
344:
40:
367:
by bulls dated 13 September and 21 October 1458. Shortly afterwards
Kennedy established the Grey Friars monastery in St Andrews. He also built a large vessel called the "Saint Salvator", which was frequently used by royal personages, and regarded as a marvel, until it was wrecked near
317:. However, before royal letters arrived bearing news of James' election, the Pope had already provided his translation to the see. Formal translation took place on 8 June 1440. He was an active and successful bishop. He celebrated his first mass in his
340:, dated 28 May 1446. His efforts were unsuccessful, and he probably soon returned home. Another safe-conduct for himself and others "coming to England", dated 20 May 1455, probably marks the termination of another visit to the continent.
603:
411:
says that he excelled all his predecessors and successors in the see, and praises his zeal for reform. Kennedy is said to have left behind him several treatises. The only titles preserved are
407:
that
Kennedy's college, ship, and monument each cost an exceptional amount of money. Kennedy was highly esteemed during his lifetime, both as an ecclesiastic and a politician. Even
1331:
207:
309:, the most prestigious Scottish see, vacant, and it was James who was postulated to the vacancy. This occurred while James was at the court of Pope Eugenius IV, busy at
215:
822:
827:
817:
392:, dated 13 July 1465, speaks of him as lately deceased, and of his see as vacant. Kennedy was buried in a magnificent tomb which he had caused to be built in
1762:
1249:
1772:
1324:
1767:
623:
James
Kennedy has been one of the most written about prelates in medieval Britain. The following are some works available but not used for the article:
355:
in St. Andrews, endowing it liberally with the teinds of four parishes that had formerly belonged to the bishopric. His foundation was confirmed by
1317:
1737:
1600:
794:
380:, and to him was committed not only the charge of the kingdom but the pacification of the nobles associated with him in the government.
1699:
752:
1637:
1632:
1106:
1706:
1653:
1379:
1752:
1747:
1544:
1509:
1364:
1163:
1158:
1389:
1085:
1757:
333:
1374:
558:
Many details in the 1891 DNB article are inaccurate, esp. dates, and some have been corrected from the following sources
363:
dated 27 February 1451, and a few years later some alterations made in the foundation charter received the approval of
227:
219:
1079:
787:
608:
511:
1409:
1394:
280:
for his contemplated reforms. Eugenius did not encourage him in his schemes, but gave him the presentation to the
1464:
882:
376:
in 1472. After the death of James II in 1460, Kennedy was chosen one of the seven regents during the minority of
1742:
1703:
325:, Kennedy took a leading part in political affairs and was frequently able to reconcile contending noblemen.
639:, "Bishop James Kennedy of St Andrews: a reassessment of his political career", in Norman Macdougall (ed.),
959:
1595:
1404:
1173:
780:
762:
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322:
192:
173:
60:
50:
1732:
1727:
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1514:
1489:
1479:
1454:
1143:
1045:
924:
837:
714:
696:
691:
318:
31:
388:
He died on 24 May 1465. The date is usually given as 1466, but a charter belonging to the
8:
1554:
1264:
994:
941:
887:
337:
314:
273:
177:
1309:
321:
on 30 September 1442, and at once resumed his efforts in reform. During the minority of
1135:
982:
965:
909:
870:
865:
180:
and was the last man to govern the diocese of St. Andrews purely as bishop. One of the
1668:
1663:
1459:
1039:
1016:
892:
853:
803:
681:
668:
636:
389:
290:
230:. James was born about 1408 and was sent to the continent to complete his studies in
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98:
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78:
1627:
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1539:
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364:
285:
262:
1683:
1244:
404:
1419:
191:
he became an important figure in the government of the minority of King
1519:
1369:
360:
200:
144:
1700:
Archbishops of St
Andrews, Bishops of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane
343:
1399:
1354:
772:
231:
1359:
596: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
373:
369:
310:
235:
211:
39:
396:. He had, it is believed, procured the design and materials from
250:
16:
Scottish 15th-century Bishop of
Dunkeld and Bishop of St. Andrews
1449:
1439:
246:
397:
181:
654:, Oxford University Press, 2004, Retrieved 23 February 2007
148:
272:
He set himself to reform abuses, and attended the general
1339:
631:
The Life and Times of James
Kennedy, Bishop of St Andrews
269:. He received consecration in 1438, the following year.
261:, the last elected bishop who died on his way to obtain
1302:
indicate non consecrated, titular or doubtful bishops
494:
Liber S. Thome de
Aberbrothoc—Regist. Nigr. 1329–1536
580:
Fasti
Ecclesiae Scotinanae Medii Aevi ad annum 1638
641:Church, Politics and Society: Scotland, 1408–1929
1719:
347:19th-century engraving of Bishop Kennedy's tomb.
1325:
788:
427:Bishop Kennedy is a significant character in
1763:15th-century Scottish Roman Catholic bishops
435:, where he is depicted rather unfavourably.
1773:Chancellors of the University of St Andrews
612:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
1332:
1318:
795:
781:
753:Chancellor of the University of St Andrews
572:, ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)
38:
1768:Founders of Scottish schools and colleges
253:until his provision and election to that
510:This article incorporates text from the
342:
1707:Archbishops of St Andrews and Edinburgh
652:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
514:, 1891. It cites the following sources:
332:in May 1444 after the expulsion of Sir
296:
1720:
802:
1341:Bishops and archbishops of St Andrews
1313:
776:
206:He was the third and youngest son of
1738:Bishops of Dunkeld (pre-Reformation)
276:, in order to obtain authority from
168:) (c. 1408–1465) was a 15th-century
527:Cal. Documents relating to Scotland
383:
257:on 1 July 1437, after the death of
13:
616:
14:
1789:
289:. Bishop James, however, was not
228:Gilbert Kennedy, 1st Lord Kennedy
1418:
609:Dictionary of National Biography
591:
512:Dictionary of National Biography
582:, 2nd Draft, (St Andrews, 1969)
400:. The ruins are still visible.
503:
487:
474:
462:
445:
1:
438:
422:
1753:Medieval Gaels from Scotland
1748:Lord chancellors of Scotland
1647:Post-Reformation archbishops
1348:Known pre-Norman era bishops
1159:Alexander Lindsay of Evelick
960:Maol Choluim de Innerpeffray
648:Kennedy, James (c.1408–1465)
222:and second daughter of King
7:
1596:James Stewart, Duke of Ross
1579:Pre-Reformation archbishops
1174:William Lindsay of Dovehill
604:Kennedy, James (1406?-1465)
208:Sir James Kennedy of Dunure
10:
1794:
1758:People from South Ayrshire
551:
226:. His eldest brother was
176:, who participated in the
1692:
1646:
1578:
1427:
1416:
1347:
1297:
1235:
1192:
1134:
1127:
846:
810:
759:
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740:
735:
723:
712:
704:
688:
679:
665:
660:
216:Princess Mary of Scotland
138:
123:
118:
110:
105:
94:
84:
74:
66:
56:
46:
37:
30:
23:
1428:Scoto-Norman era bishops
1128:Post-Reformation Bishops
920:Richard de Inverkeithing
730:(after 1472, Archbishop)
1475:Geoffrey de Liberatione
978:Donnchadh de Strathearn
915:Geoffrey de Liberatione
847:Pre-Reformation Bishops
570:The Bishops of Scotland
307:bishopric of St Andrews
1695:Afterwards, see also:
1022:Domhnall MacNeachdainn
674:Domhnall MacNeachdainn
348:
330:Chancellor of Scotland
259:Domhnall MacNeachdainn
224:Robert III of Scotland
195:as well as founder of
165:
1743:Bishops of St Andrews
811:Secular Abbot-Bishops
715:Bishop of St Andrews
646:Macdougall, Norman, "
413:Historia sui Temporis
372:while on a voyage to
353:St Salvator's College
346:
197:St Salvator's College
193:James III of Scotland
174:Bishop of St. Andrews
61:Diocese of St Andrews
51:Roman Catholic Church
1550:Walter de Danielston
1530:William de Landallis
1515:William de Lamberton
1490:Robert de Stuteville
1480:William de Malveisin
1455:Richard the Chaplain
925:Robert de Stuteville
766:Bishop of St Andrews
747:Bishop of St Andrews
692:Alexander de Lawedre
633:, (St Andrews, 1950)
521:Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot.
394:St Salvator's Chapel
319:St Andrews Cathedral
297:Bishop of St Andrews
32:Bishop of St Andrews
1555:Gilbert de Greenlaw
995:Michael de Monymusk
942:Matthew de Crambeth
888:Richard de Prebenda
351:In 1450 he founded
315:Council of Florence
274:council of Florence
178:Council of Florence
1194:Scottish Episcopal
1136:Church of Scotland
966:Richard de Pilmuir
804:Bishops of Dunkeld
643:, (1983), pp. 1–22
637:Macdougall, Norman
349:
313:on the historical
1715:
1714:
1669:John Spottiswoode
1664:George Gledstanes
1601:Alexander Stewart
1470:Roger de Beaumont
1460:Hugh the Chaplain
1307:
1306:
1293:
1292:
1164:George Haliburton
1040:Thomas Livingston
1017:Robert de Cardeny
893:John de Leicester
771:
770:
760:Succeeded by
736:Academic offices
724:Succeeded by
689:Succeeded by
682:Bishop of Dunkeld
669:Robert de Cardeny
661:Religious titles
390:abbey of Arbroath
291:Bishop of Dunkeld
220:1st Earl of Angus
170:Bishop of Dunkeld
155:
154:
99:Bishop of Dunkeld
1785:
1679:Alexander Burnet
1485:David de Bernham
1435:Turgot of Durham
1422:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1255:Angus MacFarlane
1132:
1131:
1074:Alexander Inglis
1068:James Livingston
1052:William Turnbull
1033:Alexander Lauder
954:William Sinclair
937:William the Dean
931:Hugh de Stirling
904:Matthew the Scot
797:
790:
783:
774:
773:
741:Preceded by
705:Preceded by
666:Preceded by
658:
657:
613:
595:
594:
546:Scottish Bishops
497:
491:
485:
478:
472:
466:
460:
449:
403:It is stated by
384:Death and legacy
334:William Crichton
278:Pope Eugenius IV
267:Pope Eugenius IV
166:Seumas Ceanadach
119:Personal details
101:(1437/1438–1440)
95:Previous post(s)
42:
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1711:
1688:
1659:Patrick Adamson
1642:
1591:William Scheves
1574:
1505:William Wishart
1495:Abel de Gullane
1445:Robert of Scone
1423:
1414:
1343:
1338:
1308:
1303:
1289:
1231:
1222:Jonathan Watson
1188:
1123:
1119:Robert Crichton
1113:Donald Campbell
1102:George Crichton
1097:Robert Cockburn
1058:John de Ralston
1012:Robert Sinclair
1007:John de Peebles
989:John de Carrick
898:Hugh de Sigillo
877:Walter de Bidun
842:
806:
801:
767:
765:
756:
748:
746:
731:
729:
720:
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695:
694:(unconsecrated)
685:
677:
676:(unconsecrated)
672:
629:Dunlop, A. I.,
619:
617:Further reading
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592:
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506:
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500:
492:
488:
482:Fasti Ecclesiae
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417:Monita Politica
409:George Buchanan
386:
357:Pope Nicholas V
299:
282:abbacy of Scone
218:, widow of the
162:Scottish Gaelic
143:
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1612:Innocenzo Cybo
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1237:Roman Catholic
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860:John of Atholl
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763:Patrick Graham
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727:Patrick Graham
725:
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717:(Cill Rìmhinn)
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496:, pp. 144–145.
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89:Patrick Graham
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1708:
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1702:(etc.) &
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1665:
1662:
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1633:John Hamilton
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1617:Andrew Forman
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1566:
1565:James Kennedy
1563:
1561:
1560:Henry Wardlaw
1558:
1556:
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1546:
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1541:
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1535:Stephen de Pa
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1280:Vincent Logan
1278:
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1270:James Scanlan
1268:
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1263:
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1260:Robert Fraser
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1227:Patrick Torry
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1202:John Hamilton
1200:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1191:
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1184:John Hamilton
1182:
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1175:
1172:
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1169:Henry Guthrie
1167:
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1149:Peter Rollock
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1092:Gavin Douglas
1090:
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1027:James Kennedy
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972:Robert de Den
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948:John de Leche
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911:
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872:
869:
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851:
849:
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839:
836:
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823:Flaithbertach
821:
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816:
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764:
755:
754:
745:
744:Henry Wardlaw
739:
734:
728:
719:
718:
709:
708:Henry Wardlaw
703:
699:(consecrated)
698:
693:
684:
683:
675:
671:(consecrated)
670:
664:
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653:
649:
645:
642:
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598:public domain
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531:
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483:
477:
470:
465:
458:
454:
448:
444:
436:
434:
433:Nigel Tranter
430:
429:Black Douglas
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
405:Bishop Lesley
401:
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375:
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366:
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308:
304:
303:Henry Wardlaw
301:The death of
294:
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158:James Kennedy
150:
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41:
36:
33:
29:
25:James Kennedy
22:
19:
1778:Clan Kennedy
1694:
1654:John Douglas
1628:David Beaton
1622:James Beaton
1606:John Hepburn
1564:
1540:Walter Trail
1525:William Bell
1299:
1275:William Hart
1217:Charles Rose
1179:Andrew Bruce
1111:
1084:
1080:George Brown
1072:
1050:
1038:
1031:
1026:
999:
987:
970:
958:
946:
929:
902:
875:
858:
751:
713:
686:1437/8–1440
680:
651:
640:
630:
622:
607:
590:
579:
576:Watt, D.E.R.
569:
566:Dowden, John
557:
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533:Thomas Rymer
526:
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453:Thomas Rymer
447:
428:
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387:
365:Pope Pius II
350:
328:He was made
327:
300:
286:in commendam
284:
271:
263:consecration
240:
205:
157:
156:
111:Consecration
18:
1733:1465 deaths
1728:1408 births
1684:Arthur Rose
1674:James Sharp
1465:John Scotus
1380:Máel Ísu II
1250:James Smith
1245:George Rigg
1144:James Paton
1046:James Bruce
883:John Scotus
697:James Bruce
587:Attribution
523:, 1424–1513
504:DNB sources
142:24 May 1465
75:Predecessor
70:1440 – 1465
1722:Categories
1520:James Bane
1375:Máel Muire
1370:Cellach II
1365:Máel Ísu I
1265:John Toner
757:1440–1465
721:1440–1465
650:", in the
529:, vol. IV.
459:, xi, 128.
439:References
423:In fiction
293:for long.
201:St Andrews
151:, Scotland
145:St Andrews
133:, Scotland
1697:Episcopal
1626:Cardinal
1610:Cardinal
1400:Fothad II
1390:Máel Dúin
1355:Cellach I
983:John Luce
484:, p. 295.
471:. p. 365.
378:James III
323:James III
305:left the
265:from the
241:He was a
232:canon law
85:Successor
67:In office
1360:Fothad I
838:Ethelred
374:Flanders
370:Bamburgh
338:Henry VI
311:Florence
245:and sub-
236:theology
212:Ayrshire
1500:Gamelin
1410:CathrĂłe
1395:TĂşathal
1300:Italics
910:Gilbert
871:Richard
866:Gregoir
828:DĂşnchad
818:TĂşathal
600::
552:Sources
251:Dunkeld
189:Carrick
131:Carrick
127:c. 1408
1709:(etc.)
1450:Ernald
1440:Eadmer
854:Cormac
833:CrĂnán
537:FĹ“dera
480:Watt,
457:FĹ“dera
247:deacon
214:, and
182:Gaelic
106:Orders
47:Church
1405:Giric
1385:AilĂn
542:Keith
398:Italy
359:by a
243:canon
451:See
415:and
361:bull
234:and
185:clan
172:and
149:Fife
139:Died
124:Born
606:".
544:'s
535:'s
431:by
255:see
249:of
187:of
57:See
1724::
578:,
568:,
469:ib
455:,
419:.
238:.
210:,
203:.
199:,
164::
147:,
1333:e
1326:t
1319:v
796:e
789:t
782:v
602:"
560::
160:(
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