1359:. In revenge for ISIL's beheading of Jaysh members and releasing a video recording of the event in June 2015, Jaysh al-Islam's website published a video that showed its fighters executing 18 alleged ISIL militants by shotgun. The video mimics the imagery that ISIL has used for similar filmed executions; however, it reversed the imagery by having the executioners wearing orange prisoner outfits (reminiscent of the jumpsuits victims of ISIS would wear before their untimely executions) and the victims being dressed in black robes. ‘Qariban qariba’, a song used by ISIS in many of their videos played throughout the execution, albeit the lyrics altered to denounce the group (for example, it says “With the accusations of apostasy they shed blood” in reference to ISIS killing innocents and civilians) The video included some English subtitles.
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1440:(YPG) said that Jaysh al-Islam's "statement came after many conclusive evidences and reports of chemical gas being used in shelling Aleppo's Sheikh Maqsoud district". He also said that the group has attacked the Kurdish neighborhood of Aleppo with "forbidden weapons" many times since the war's start. Jaysh al-Islam subsequently clarified that it was referring to "modified
1395:, the caged people being used as human shields were captured Alawite military officers and their families who had been kidnapped by Jaysh al-Islam two years ago outside Adra al-Ummaliyah, a government-held neighbourhood in Eastern Ghouta. However, Jaysh al-Islam has not yet claimed responsibility for either of these alleged actions and
1016:(SMC), in December 2013 Zahran Alloush announced his departure from that SMC, saying: "our affiliation to the Council came when it was coordinating operations against the Assad regime without being dependent on any other party, and when it had signed no pledges as to the makeup of a future state. However, when the FSA
1222:
journalists, Alloush used less debatable rhetoric, claiming that
Syrians should decide what sort of state they wanted to live under and that Alawites were "part of the Syrian people" and only those with blood on their hands should be held accountable. His spokesman went on to claim that the sectarian
1170:
Zahran
Alloush initially called for the establishment of an Islamic state in Syria but later renounced his previous positions, expressed support for an elected government, boasted about the protection his organization offers to Christians under its rule and even defined the Alawi sect as a victim of
1427:
that may have contained chemical agents. On 8 April, a spokesman for the rebel group said that "weapons not authorized for use in these types of confrontations" had been used against
Kurdish militia and civilians in Aleppo. He stated that "One of our commanders has unlawfully used a type of weapon
1132:
encroached on the area of
Eastern Ghouta controlled by Jaysh, which launched a campaign to drive them out, resulting in 95 casualties between 26 April and 1 May. The clashes enabled the Syrian Army to make advances in eastern Damascus. Demonstrators called for an end to the fighting; video footage
1328:
reported: "...the leader of Jaysh al-Islam, or "Army of Islam" was killed in
December last year in a government air strike. His death, however, did nothing to stop to the group's totalitarian rule in Eastern Ghouta, where residents say torture and imprisonment without trial occur routinely in the
977:
On 29 September 2013, 50 rebel factions operating mostly around
Damascus announced their merger into a new group called Jaysh al-Islam. Liwa al-Islam was the dominant faction in this merger, and its leader Zahran Alloush was announced as the leader of Jaysh al-Islam. Thirty-eight of the original
1464:
project records that Jaysh al-Islam is not designated as a terrorist organization by any major national government or international body. However, it notes that Russia, Lebanon, and Egypt have supported classifying it as such since the end of 2015. Later, however, JaI was designated "moderate
2645:
1499:
also reported that "Syrian groups" saw Kerry's comments as an example of how the Obama administration has slowly moved toward the
Russian view of Syria, which includes painting all opposition groups as terrorist organizations in order to justify attacking them.
3835:
1502:
The US State
Department in July 2016 confirmed that the US administration's policy with regard to Jaysh al-Islam had not changed: Jaysh was and is not a UN-designated terrorist group, is opposed to ISIL, and is not allied to Nusra.
1495:, who speculated that Kerry's comment may have been accidental, that it was inaccurate and could harm U.S. government efforts to convince the Russian and the Syrian governments not to attack Jaysh al-Islam and Ahrar al-Sham. The
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1387:, posted a video showing Jaysh al-Islam militants had locked people in cages and spread out 100 cages containing about 7 captives each through Eastern Ghouta, northeast of Damascus, to use them as
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in buses, thus surrendering that town to the Assad government. Jaysh fighters and their families have resettled in northern Syria, in the Aleppo countryside, where they operate under the
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890:, where Jaysh al-Islam was the largest rebel faction, as was Liwa al-Islam before. Following the fall of Ghouta to Assad’s forces, Jaysh al-Islam retreated to areas controlled by the
3564:
913:. In 2015, its then leader claimed in an interview to be seeking for the Syrian government to be replaced by a “technocratic body that represents the diversity of the Syrian people.”
1962:
1436:
or other agents. Welat Memo, a physician with the
Kurdish Red Crescent, said that the people affected are "vomiting and having difficulty in breathing." Spokesperson for the Kurdish
1401:
has suggested the possibility that these 'hostages on public display' were a mere show, to sway public opinion against further government and
Russian bombardments on Eastern Ghouta.
1895:
3128:
1999:
1627:
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1730:"Former Jaish al-Islam spokesperson officially leaves group and returns to using his real name "Majdi Mustafa Na'meh"https://twitter.com/sayed_ridha/status/870639840219373568 …"
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reported that Saudi Arabia was preparing to give the group millions of dollars to "arm and train" its fighters, and use instructors from Pakistan to help train the group.
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groups listed as joining the merger were already members of, or affiliated with, Liwa al Islam. In September or earlier, Jaysh spokesman Islam Alloush had criticized the
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982:, stating that the SNC should be led by those who are fighting in Syria rather than leaders in exile, but felt not (yet) inclined to outright break with the SNC.
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1948:
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1819:"#Damascus_countryside Jaish al Islam ...A field walk by the leader of 7th group, Abu Anas, to check the front of Eastern Qalamoun.pic.twitter.com/kiPpIz9WIr"
1774:
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3774:"List of armed formations, which joined the ceasefire in the Syrian Arab Republic on December 30, 2016 : Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation"
2328:
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Since 2015, Jaysh al-Islam has called for the Syrian government to be replaced by a technocratic body that represents the diversity of the Syrian people.
626:
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In that early period, Alloush condemned democracy and called for an Islamic state to succeed the tyrant Assad. However, in a May 2015 interview with
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circulated at the end of April appeared to show Jaysh al-Islam fighters opening fire on demonstrators who called for an end to the rebel infighting.
1103:
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with at least 12 missiles total. A video was posted on 29 July 2013, depicting some of the missiles being used to shoot down a Syrian government
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have remained neutral. Intra-rebel fighting in Ghouta took place in May 2016, with 300 deaths. On 24 May 2016, leaders of Jaysh al-Islam and
616:
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1533:
122:
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1966:
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and Sham will crush them soon, they will make you taste a painful torment in this world, before God makes you taste it in the hereafter".
3033:
2116:
1991:
1619:
696:
3132:
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By November 2013, 60 groups had merged into Jaysh al-Islam, and more than 175 rebel groups around Syria expressed a desire to join it.
386:
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1465:
opposition" in a December 2016 list released by the Russian defence ministry, and participated in the Russian-backed Astana talks.
2242:
2213:
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954:. Liwa al-Islam was a driving force behind actions in the Damascus region. It cooperated and conducted joint operations with the
681:
1694:
3465:
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2100:
He claims that his Army of Islam has 10,000 fighters in the suburbs of Damascus and another 7,000 scattered elsewhere in Syria
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2723:
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3159:
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373:
239:
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and Islamist rhetoric Alloush had previously made was only intended for internal consumption and to rally his fighters.
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Since the death of Zahran Alloush late 2015, there have been conflicts between Jaysh al-Islam and other members of the
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2417:
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1917:
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864:
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360:
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1141:
930:, the son of Saudi-based religious scholar Abdullah Mohammed Alloush, after Syrian authorities released him from
661:
656:
333:
3858:
State Department officials are 'baffled' by John Kerry's latest comments that have 'muddied the waters' in Syria
3509:
The Australian: "Syrian rival jihadi group, Jaysh al-Islam, execute ISIS fighters in brutal role reversal video"
2454:
3957:
3280:
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1589:
1343:
Human rights violations during the Syrian Civil War § Free Syrian Army and other armed opposition fighters
646:
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3748:
939:
686:
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of Islamist factions in November 2013 – decided he would no longer be part of the Supreme Military Council.
1437:
280:
3717:
2944:
2748:
2451:"Dissatisfaction between civilians of eastern Aleppo after an attack by Fateh al-Sham on rebel warehouses"
2179:
1473:
Jaysh al-Islam's relationship with the United States has remained mixed. Former U.S. Secretary of State
2113:"List of armed formations, which joined the ceasefire in the Syrian Arab Republic on December 30, 2016"
1031:
formed the "Military Council of Damascus and its Suburbs", under the direct command of Zahran Alloush.
17:
3773:
3439:
1553:
1136:
On 12 April 2018, some 13,000 Jaysh al-Islam fighters with their families have evacuated the town of
979:
651:
611:
2971:"Formation of a "military council in Damascus and its suburbs" and joining the "unified leadership""
2996:
1857:
1273:
1175:
As an example of the earlier sectarianism, in 2013 or earlier, Alloush in a speech suggested that "
1428:
that is not included in our list". He did not specify what substances were used but, according to
3884:
971:
676:
621:
3223:
3202:
1818:
820:
789:
3360:
Syrian Rebel Leader Changes His Conservative Rhetoric in First Talk With an American Newspaper
2112:
1528:
1219:
1021:
868:
347:
1729:
1429:
891:
519:
21:
3391:"Syria Comment » Archives "Is Zahran Alloush in Amman?" by Aron Lund - Syria Comment"
2476:
966:
8:
3830:
3181:
1491:
1457:
1289:
765:
538:
91:
3010:
2238:
1020:
which was committed to a democratic, pluralist state, Alloush – who had started the new
3107:
2638:"Largest Syrian rebel groups form Islamic alliance, in possible blow to U.S. influence"
2209:
1771:"Syrian military officially establishes full control over strategic Qalamoun Mountains"
1397:
1384:
1307:
1159:
507:
296:
270:
243:
163:
3487:
1684:
1643:"FSA Commanders confirm the Syrian revolution will continue until achieving its goals"
3888:
2344:
2057:
1208:
1176:
263:
3673:
3306:
1311:
1125:
1111:
1009:
872:
860:
853:
589:
555:
478:
461:
95:
77:
1207:, pre-Islamic Persians): "And I give you the news, oh unclean Rafida: Just as the
894:, where it reportedly joined the FSA, after years of separation from FSA command.
3878:
3515:
3426:
3333:"Islamist rebel leader walks back rhetoric in first interview with Western media"
2780:
2163:
2144:
2084:"Islamist rebel leader walks back rhetoric in first interview with Western media"
1514:
1486:
1478:
1424:
951:
811:
780:
3880:
The Syrian Jihad: Al-Qaeda, the Islamic State and the Evolution of an Insurgency
2922:
2156:
3589:"Caged Hostages From Syrian President's Sect Paraded Through Rebel-Held Suburb"
2838:"Total of 43 Islamist Groups Unite under Newly Formed "Army of Islam" in Syria"
1888:"Syria conflict: Essam al-Buwaydhani named leader of rebel group Army of Islam"
1416:
1204:
1129:
1099:
1075:
1063:
1042:
993:
955:
931:
927:
574:
569:
492:
212:
73:
3419:
3358:
2837:
2553:"Old rivalries never die: Jaysh Al-Islam vows to fight HTS in northwest Syria"
3921:
2418:"New Islamist Bloc Declares Opposition to National Coalition and US Strategy"
1482:
1347:
From approximately January 2014 until July 2015, Jaysh was fiercely fighting
1314:
and showed them on the runway. But so far, they haven't been used in combat.
1180:
1118:
1107:
988:
The new group's creation was said to have been negotiated and spearheaded by
943:
906:
898:
473:
534:
60:
3704:
1921:
1748:"50 officers graduated from the Military Academy at its first East Balgoth"
1747:
1441:
1433:
1388:
1324:
1163:
1137:
1018:
had come under the aegis of the Syrian National Coalition (in October 2013)
989:
947:
902:
883:
421:
218:
2992:
Why Jaish Al Islam and Ahrar Al Sham are at the heart of Geneva squabbles
1520:
1368:
1066:
watches Jaysh al-Islam recruits during a military parade with a captured
1035:
2295:"Translation: the Formation of the Syrian Revolutionary Command Council"
1059:
1992:"Syria crisis: Saudi Arabia to spend millions to train new rebel force"
1474:
1330:
1192:
1079:
1078:
was killed, along with several other leaders of the group, in a Syrian
910:
2582:"Leading Syrian rebels defect, dealing blow to fight against al-Qaeda"
1489:. US Obama administration officials disapproved this mention and told
1290:
Reported capture of sophisticated equipment from the Syrian government
52:
2530:"Al Nusrah Front, allies launch new offensives against Syrian regime"
2450:
224:
3466:
Syrians Describe Horrific Torture In Jails Run By Islamist Militants
1963:"Jaysh al-Islam militants completing pullout from southern Damascus"
1003:
3470:
2029:"Insight: Saudi Arabia boosts Salafist rivals to al Qaeda in Syria"
1689:
1372:
1356:
1303:
1295:
1200:
1188:
1155:
1154:
In 2016, Jaysh al-Islam's ideology was described as a "mixture" of
1083:
935:
879:
849:
290:
285:
257:
208:
185:
3245:"Syrian rebels 'fire on protesters' calling for end to infighting"
2886:"GUEST POST: On Liwa al-Islam and the new 'Jaysh al-Islam' merger"
2210:"Islamist Mergers in Syria: Ahrar al-Sham Swallows Suqour al-Sham"
1685:"Syria conflict: Islamist rebel named opposition chief negotiator"
1375:. As of 12 September 2015, it had taken control of two buildings.
1038:
joint operations room along with other major Aleppo based groups.
29:
Coalition of Islamist rebel units involved in the Syrian Civil War
3818:
3266:
1367:
In August and September 2015, Jaysh al-Islam shelled and stormed
3910:
938:
activism. The group claimed responsibility for carrying out the
756:
3622:"Monitor: Syria rebels using caged captives as 'human shields'"
1420:
1352:
1299:
1212:
1196:
1184:
887:
632:
Syrian opposition–Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant conflict
448:
408:
250:
204:
152:
3529:"Insurgents shell main prison near Syrian capital, killing 10"
2499:"Jihadists of ISIS and Qaeda attack Syrian rebels in Damascus"
1800:"Jaysh Usud al-Sharqiya: Exiles of the Euphrates - bellingcat"
3669:"Kurdish Officials: Rebels May Have Used Chemicals in Aleppo"
3651:"Middle East Concerns grow about abuses, war crimes in Syria"
2776:"Freedom fighters? Cannibals? The truth about Syria's rebels"
1837:"Syrian Army exterminates prominent Jaish al-Islam commander"
1041:
Until late 2015, Jaysh al-Islam at times cooperated with the
744:
720:
435:
3565:"Rebels storm Syria's largest prison near Damascus: monitor"
2612:"Syria army 'tightens siege of rebel bastion near Damascus'"
3586:
3034:"Leader of powerful Syrian rebel group killed in airstrike"
2694:"REPORT The Road to a Syria Peace Deal Runs Through Russia"
1620:"Leader of powerful Syrian rebel group killed in airstrike"
1617:
1067:
732:
2138:
Which rebel groups are fighting in Syria's eastern Ghouta?
1306:. In November 2013, the group captured two training-jets (
3800:"Syrian war: All you need to know about the Astana talks"
3129:"Rebel allies fight each other in east Damascus: monitor"
1162:, "and at least in the past, a significant dose of Sunni
1117:
On 25 January 2017, Jaysh al-Islam's Idlib branch joined
2387:"No regime offensive in Qalamoun, rebel official claims"
3488:"Syrian rebels filmed shooting Islamic State militants"
2767:
1858:"Rise of Jaish al-Islam marks a turn in Syria conflict"
3792:
2180:"The Dawn of Freedom Brigades: Analysis and Interview"
1391:
against Syrian government air raids. According to the
867:
until December 2013, but in November 2013 started the
3826:"Kerry touts the Russian line on Syrian rebel groups"
3059:"Russian raids kill prominent Syrian rebel commander"
1055:
Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War
692:
National Front for Liberation–Tahrir al-Sham conflict
2915:"Syria: Jaysh Al-Islam rejects Geneva II conference"
2239:"Leading Syrian rebel groups form new Islamic Front"
1709:
1665:
1510:
934:
in mid-2011, where he had been serving time for his
825:
794:
2174:
2172:
1378:
1336:
637:
Al-Nusra Front–Syria Revolutionaries Front conflict
607:
Rif Dimashq offensive (November 2012–February 2013)
3547:"11 dead in rebel shelling on Damascus: activists"
3325:
3085:"Is Jabhat al-Nusra behind Ghouta demonstrations?"
1404:
3281:"Far from home, a Syrian rebel group starts over"
3108:"After Zahran: Rising Tension in the East Ghouta"
2669:"Far from home, a Syrian rebel group starts over"
2157:Explainer: Who's fighting whom in Syria's Ghouta?
2115:. Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation.
2062:"Jaish al-Islam: Rebels at the Gates of Damascus"
2056:
1794:
1792:
1310:used by the government as jet fighters) from the
1086:. Abu Hammam Bouwaidani succeeded him as leader.
1048:
1004:Break from SMC, founding the Syrian Islamic Front
996:was gaining too much strength. After the merger,
667:East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2017)
3933:Anti-government factions of the Syrian civil war
3919:
3645:
3643:
2749:"MAPPING MILITANT ORGANIZATIONS: Jaish al-Islam"
2576:
2574:
2169:
1918:"عملية تبادل أسرى لدى عصابات الأسد في جنوب دمشق"
1618:Kareem Shaheen and Agencies (25 December 2015).
1383:On 1 November 2015, an opposition media outlet,
961:
3943:Organizations designated as terrorist by Russia
3587:Robert Mackey, Maher Samaan (1 November 2015).
3482:
3480:
3420:Video of 9K33 Osa shooting down SAF helicopter.
2265:"New Syrian jihadist body formed to fight ISIS"
1986:
1984:
1640:
1432:, the symptoms were consistent with the use of
1411:Use of chemical weapons in the Syrian civil war
627:Rif Dimashq offensive (September–November 2013)
3701:Syrian rebels admit chemical use against Kurds
3239:
3237:
3031:
2909:
2907:
2888:. Pundicity. 30 September 2013. Archived from
2445:
2443:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
1789:
1481:on 28 June 2016, mentioned Jaysh al-Islam and
1468:
1294:On 6 October 2012, Liwa al-Islam captured two
1211:crushed your heads in the past, the people of
871:and the next month broke with the SMC and the
3948:Organisations designated as terrorist by Iran
3640:
3440:"Islamist rebel air force takes off in Syria"
2743:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2571:
2150:
1816:
1276:used officially by Jaysh al-Islam since 2017.
1114:met to sign a peace deal to end hostilities.
901:was among the main rebel groups supported by
3740:
3477:
3269:, 12 April 2018, 20:00 o'clock, German time.
1981:
1965:. Al Masdar News. 7 May 2018. Archived from
1534:List of armed groups in the Syrian Civil War
1485:as "subgroups" of "the terrorists" ISIL and
158:Military Council of Damascus and its Suburbs
41:
3272:
3234:
3156:"Rebel heavyweights clash outside Damascus"
2904:
2856:
2724:"THE SYRIAN OPPOSITION'S POLITICAL DEMANDS"
2440:
2233:
2231:
2014:
1191:) should be "cleansed of the filth" of the
672:Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)
3731:"Countries' list of armed groups, Reuters"
3616:
3614:
3307:"Zahran Alloush: His Ideology and Beliefs"
3011:"Syrian rebel leaders 'die in air strike'"
2734:
2521:
1677:
1580:
1096:Unified Military Command of Eastern Ghouta
1029:Unified Military Command of Eastern Ghouta
764:
387:Unified Military Command of Eastern Ghouta
3766:
3718:One Kurdish Neighborhood in the Crossfire
3304:
2773:
2550:
2491:
2415:
2365:"The wars of the Eastern Ghouta grind on"
2086:. McClatchys. 20 May 2015. Archived from
1768:
1203:(whom he called "Nusayris" or "Majous" =
1074:On 25 December 2015, the group's founder
1008:While previously having been part of the
617:Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013)
2630:
2228:
2052:
2050:
1362:
1058:
965:
3746:
3624:. Al-Arabiya Network. 1 November 2015.
3611:
3553:from the original on 12 September 2015.
3432:
3265:– the main television news bulletin of
2808:"The Army of Islam Is Winning in Syria"
2527:
2203:
2201:
1852:
1850:
1546:
1317:
1098:, along with associated groups such as
1089:
1034:On 26 April 2015, they established the
878:Its primary base of operations was the
697:2022 Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes
682:Eastern Qalamoun offensive (April 2018)
3920:
3876:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3278:
2937:
2866:. Revolution Observer. 11 October 2013
2800:
2666:
2648:from the original on 26 September 2013
2349:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2072:from the original on 1 September 2017.
1951:from the original on 1 September 2017.
1945:"Syrian War Daily – 12th of July 2017"
1715:
1671:
1452:
1027:In March 2015, Jaysh al-Islam and the
3549:. The Daily Star. 12 September 2015.
3446:from the original on 28 November 2013
3230:from the original on 5 February 2017.
2878:
2704:from the original on 14 February 2016
2469:"ISIL militants.. on way to Damascus"
2457:from the original on 7 December 2016.
2428:from the original on 20 November 2013
2397:from the original on 16 December 2013
2119:from the original on 30 December 2016
2047:
2002:from the original on 10 November 2013
1942:
1727:
1697:from the original on 24 February 2016
1630:from the original on 26 January 2016.
1576:
1574:
1572:
3628:from the original on 3 November 2015
3599:from the original on 4 November 2015
3535:from the original on 25 August 2015.
3442:. Times of Israel. 3 November 2013.
3279:Ashawi, Khalil (29 September 2018).
2981:from the original on 9 October 2017.
2951:from the original on 9 November 2013
2864:"Assessing Syria's Islamic Alliance"
2844:from the original on 10 October 2013
2667:Ashawi, Khalil (29 September 2018).
2592:from the original on 6 December 2013
2245:from the original on 25 January 2014
2198:
1847:
1825:from the original on 1 October 2017.
1447:
1284:
551:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
374:Syrian Revolutionary Command Council
3838:from the original on 3 October 2016
3575:
3567:. 11 September 2015. Archived from
3464:"Youmna al-Dimashqi (Syria Deeply)
3401:from the original on 18 August 2015
3153:
3032:Kareem Shaheen (25 December 2015).
2947:. Foreign Policy. 6 November 2013.
2788:from the original on 5 October 2013
2551:Aboufadel, Leith (2 January 2019).
2540:from the original on 28 April 2015.
2305:from the original on 14 August 2014
1898:from the original on 5 January 2016
1806:from the original on 19 April 2017.
1581:O'Bagy, Elizabeth (24 March 2013).
1393:Syrian Observatory for Human Rights
1142:Turkish-backed Syrian National Army
970:Jaysh al-Islam fighters during the
841:
815:
784:
42:
13:
3681:from the original on 11 April 2016
3531:. The Daily Star. 23 August 2015.
3371:from the original on 10 March 2016
3313:from the original on 25 March 2016
2921:. 12 November 2013. Archived from
2830:
2375:from the original on 16 July 2015.
2369:The Daily Star Newspaper - Lebanon
2216:from the original on 22 March 2016
2166:, BBC Monitoring, 22 February 2018
2147:, Deutsche Welle, 20 February 2018
1769:Aboufadel, Leith (25 April 2018).
1758:from the original on 14 July 2017.
1736:from the original on 5 March 2018.
1599:from the original on 27 March 2014
1569:
14:
3969:
3902:
2528:Jocelyn, Thomas (23 April 2015).
2331:from the original on 4 March 2016
2186:from the original on 10 June 2016
1843:from the original on 20 May 2017.
1641:Ahmad Zakariyah (16 March 2017).
1124:In April 2017 a coalition of the
926:Liwa al-Islam was established by
3747:Petkova, Mariya (1 March 2018).
3224:"هادي العبدالله Hadi on Twitter"
3105:
2818:from the original on 16 May 2015
2618:from the original on 18 May 2015
2275:from the original on 6 June 2014
2207:
1513:
1379:Use of captives as human shields
1337:Filmed execution of ISIL members
1265:
1253:
1241:
921:
737:
725:
713:
544:
533:
513:
501:
467:
455:
441:
428:
414:
401:
380:
367:
354:
341:
59:
51:
3870:
3850:
3723:
3710:
3693:
3661:
3557:
3539:
3521:
3502:
3458:
3413:
3383:
3351:
3298:
3255:
3216:
3195:
3174:
3147:
3121:
3099:
3077:
3051:
3025:
3003:
2985:
2963:
2716:
2686:
2660:
2604:
2544:
2461:
2416:Aron Lund (24 September 2013).
2409:
2379:
2357:
2317:
2287:
2257:
2131:
2105:
2076:
1955:
1936:
1910:
1880:
1868:from the original on 9 May 2015
1829:
1810:
1405:Alleged use of chemical weapons
950:, and Assistant Vice President
892:Turkish Backed Free Syrian Army
882:area, particularly the city of
707:Designated as a terrorist group
662:Daraa offensive (February 2017)
657:Eastern Ghouta offensive (2015)
334:Syrian Islamic Liberation Front
3182:"Elijah J. Magnier on Twitter"
2840:. YouTube. 29 September 2013.
2505:. 3 April 2015. Archived from
2475:. 10 July 2014. Archived from
1817:Army Of Islam (10 June 2017).
1762:
1740:
1721:
1634:
1611:
1590:Institute for the Study of War
1462:Mapping Militant Organizations
1260:Flag of Jaysh al-Islam (Black)
1248:Flag of Jaysh al-Islam (White)
1049:Death of leader Zahran Alloush
886:and the rest of the region of
647:2015 Jisr al-Shughur offensive
1:
3749:"Where is al-Qaeda in Syria?"
3335:. 20 May 2015. Archived from
1943:Barić, Joško (12 July 2017).
1728:Ridha, Hassan (2 June 2017).
1563:
1556:which also had the same name.
962:Merger to form Jaysh al-Islam
942:that killed Defense Minister
687:2018 Southern Syria offensive
642:Battle of Yarmouk Camp (2015)
597:18 July 2012 Damascus bombing
40:
3928:2013 establishments in Syria
3720:, Daily Beast, 15 April 2016
3013:. BBC News. 25 December 2015
1892:International Business Times
1839:. Al-Masdar. 17 April 2017.
1552:Not to be confused with the
905:. The group has promoted an
852:rebel units involved in the
602:Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)
7:
3938:Anti-ISIL factions in Syria
3877:Lister, Charles R. (2015).
3429:Retrieved 27 December 2013.
3203:"Charles Lister on Twitter"
2945:"Saudi Arabia's Shadow War"
2066:Forum for Regional Thinking
1506:
1469:U.S. (Obama administration)
1147:
826:
795:
10:
3974:
2774:Aron Lund (17 June 2013).
2728:Institute for Study of War
1408:
1340:
1052:
946:, Deputy Defense Minister
940:July 2012 Damascus bombing
916:
859:The group was part of the
320:16,000 fighters in Ghouta
175:Lions of the Asima Brigade
104:Abu Jamal (military chief)
18:Army of Islam (Gaza Strip)
15:
2241:. BBC. 22 November 2013.
1554:Damascus Military Council
1444:," not chemical weapons.
1438:People's Protection Units
1329:name of "liberation" and
980:Syrian National Coalition
772:
751:
705:
652:Battle of Zabadani (2015)
612:Damascus offensive (2013)
582:
527:
394:
329:
305:
279:
233:
197:
147:
129:
118:
108:
87:
69:
50:
39:
34:
3425:13 February 2017 at the
2143:27 February 2018 at the
1539:
1274:Syrian independence flag
1226:
1014:Supreme Military Council
865:Supreme Military Council
563:1st Brigade of Damascus
486:1st Brigade of Damascus
361:Mujahideen Shura Council
16:Not to be confused with
3885:Oxford University Press
3490:. BBC News. 1 July 2015
2812:Foreign Policy Magazine
1233:Flags of Jaysh al-Islam
1199:" = rejectionists) and
972:Siege of Eastern Ghouta
677:Qaboun offensive (2017)
622:Siege of Eastern Ghouta
57:Logo of Jaysh al-Islam
3953:Salafi Islamist groups
3514:21 August 2015 at the
1583:"The Free Syrian Army"
1173:
1071:
974:
155:(until 14 April 2018)
65:Flag of Jaysh al-Islam
3958:Sunni Islamist groups
2644:. 25 September 2013.
1529:Douma massacre (2015)
1415:On 7 April 2016, the
1363:Attack on Adra Prison
1168:
1062:
969:
897:The group along with
848:), is a coalition of
836:), formerly known as
273:(until 25 April 2018)
266:area until 7 May 2018
253:(until 14 April 2018)
166:(until 25 April 2018)
2892:on 30 September 2013
2393:. 18 November 2013.
2162:1 March 2018 at the
1894:. 26 December 2015.
1430:Kurdish Red Crescent
1351:, especially in the
1318:Torture of prisoners
1090:Developments 2016-18
1022:Syrian Islamic Front
992:, who believed that
869:Syrian Islamic Front
520:Aknaf Bait al-Maqdis
22:Islamic Army in Iraq
3831:The Washington Post
3471:The Huffington Post
2925:on 15 November 2013
2753:Stanford University
2614:. AFP. 3 May 2015.
2588:. 5 December 2013.
1998:. 7 November 2013.
1924:on 1 September 2017
1693:. 20 January 2016.
1492:The Washington Post
1458:Stanford University
1453:Egypt, Iran, Russia
539:Syrian Armed Forces
234:Active regions
142:(as Jaysh al-Islam)
92:Essam al-Buwaydhani
3780:. 30 December 2016
3593:The New York Times
3571:on 5 October 2015.
3065:. 25 December 2015
3000:. 3 February 2016.
2814:. 1 October 2013.
2182:. 2 October 2014.
2060:(26 August 2016).
1653:on 13 October 2017
1398:The New York Times
1385:Shaam News Network
1160:Syrian nationalism
1082:on the suburbs of
1072:
975:
779:Brigade of Islam (
508:Saraya Ahl al-Sham
297:Syrian nationalism
271:Qalamoun Mountains
246:(since April 2018)
244:Aleppo Governorate
227:(since April 2018)
221:(until April 2018)
215:(until April 2018)
164:Qalamoun Mountains
137:(as Liwa al-Islam)
131:Dates of operation
3856:Natasha Bertrand
3806:. 29 October 2017
2977:. 30 March 2015.
2301:. 3 August 2014.
2058:Elizabeth Tsurkov
1802:. 17 April 2017.
1477:, in a speech in
1448:Foreign reactions
1423:was shelled with
1285:Notable incidents
1195:(whom he called "
1171:the Assad regime.
1106:operations room.
824:
805:
804:
793:
566:
560:
497:
489:
483:
338:
325:0 fighters (2024)
323:
318:
312:
301:
143:
138:
3965:
3914:
3913:
3911:Official website
3898:
3865:
3862:Business Insider
3854:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3822:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3744:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3727:
3721:
3714:
3708:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3677:. 8 April 2016.
3674:Voice of America
3665:
3659:
3658:
3647:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3618:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3584:
3573:
3572:
3561:
3555:
3554:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3525:
3519:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3484:
3475:
3474:. 23 March 2016.
3462:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3436:
3430:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3276:
3270:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3241:
3232:
3231:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3162:on 4 August 2018
3158:. Archived from
3154:Szakola, Albin.
3151:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3135:on 4 August 2018
3131:. Archived from
3125:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3029:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3007:
3001:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2941:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2911:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2755:. 31 August 2017
2745:
2732:
2731:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2578:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2559:on 13 April 2019
2555:. Archived from
2548:
2542:
2541:
2534:Long War Journal
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2447:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2348:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2291:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2235:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2205:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2176:
2167:
2154:
2148:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2095:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2054:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2035:. 1 October 2013
2025:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1988:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1920:. Archived from
1914:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1854:
1845:
1844:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1796:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1777:on 2 August 2018
1773:. Archived from
1766:
1760:
1759:
1754:. 14 July 2017.
1744:
1738:
1737:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1649:. Archived from
1647:RFS Media Office
1638:
1632:
1631:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1598:
1587:
1578:
1557:
1550:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1419:neighborhood in
1312:Syrian Air Force
1269:
1257:
1245:
1187:or specifically
1126:Al-Rahman Legion
1112:al-Rahman Legion
1010:Free Syrian Army
873:Free Syrian Army
861:Free Syrian Army
854:Syrian Civil War
846:Brigade of Islam
843:
829:
819:
817:
798:
788:
786:
776:Preceded by
768:
763:
760:
758:
743:
741:
740:
731:
729:
728:
719:
717:
716:
590:Syrian Civil War
583:Battles and wars
564:
558:
556:al-Rahman Legion
549:
548:
547:
537:
518:
517:
516:
506:
505:
504:
495:
487:
481:
479:al-Rahman Legion
472:
471:
470:
462:Free Syrian Army
460:
459:
458:
447:
445:
444:
434:
432:
431:
420:
418:
417:
407:
405:
404:
385:
384:
383:
372:
371:
370:
359:
358:
357:
346:
345:
344:
336:
321:
316:
310:
299:
240:Turkish-occupied
141:
136:
132:
113:Mohammed Alloush
109:Political leader
100:
82:
63:
55:
46:
45:
44:
32:
31:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3918:
3917:
3909:
3908:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3894:978-019046247-5
3873:
3868:
3855:
3851:
3841:
3839:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3809:
3807:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3783:
3781:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3757:
3755:
3745:
3741:
3733:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3715:
3711:
3707:. 9 April 2016.
3698:
3694:
3684:
3682:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3649:
3648:
3641:
3631:
3629:
3620:
3619:
3612:
3602:
3600:
3585:
3576:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3516:Wayback Machine
3507:
3503:
3493:
3491:
3486:
3485:
3478:
3463:
3459:
3449:
3447:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3427:Wayback Machine
3418:
3414:
3404:
3402:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3367:. 22 May 2015.
3357:
3356:
3352:
3342:
3340:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3316:
3314:
3305:Joshua Landis.
3303:
3299:
3289:
3287:
3277:
3273:
3260:
3256:
3249:Middle East Eye
3243:
3242:
3235:
3222:
3221:
3217:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3165:
3163:
3152:
3148:
3138:
3136:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3112:
3110:
3104:
3100:
3090:
3088:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3068:
3066:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3042:
3040:
3030:
3026:
3016:
3014:
3009:
3008:
3004:
2990:
2986:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2954:
2952:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2928:
2926:
2919:Asharq Al-Awsat
2913:
2912:
2905:
2895:
2893:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2869:
2867:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2847:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2821:
2819:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2791:
2789:
2781:The Independent
2772:
2768:
2758:
2756:
2747:
2746:
2735:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2707:
2705:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2675:
2665:
2661:
2651:
2649:
2642:Washington Post
2636:
2635:
2631:
2621:
2619:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2586:Daily Telegraph
2580:
2579:
2572:
2562:
2560:
2549:
2545:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2509:on 5 April 2015
2497:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2480:
2479:on 14 July 2014
2467:
2466:
2462:
2449:
2448:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2414:
2410:
2400:
2398:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2342:
2341:
2334:
2332:
2325:"Archived copy"
2323:
2322:
2318:
2308:
2306:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2278:
2276:
2271:. 28 May 2014.
2263:
2262:
2258:
2248:
2246:
2237:
2236:
2229:
2219:
2217:
2206:
2199:
2189:
2187:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2164:Wayback Machine
2155:
2151:
2145:Wayback Machine
2136:
2132:
2122:
2120:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2093:
2091:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2055:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2027:
2026:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1990:
1989:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1941:
1937:
1927:
1925:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1901:
1899:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1862:Middle East Eye
1856:
1855:
1848:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1815:
1811:
1798:
1797:
1790:
1780:
1778:
1767:
1763:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1726:
1722:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1698:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1670:
1666:
1656:
1654:
1639:
1635:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1585:
1579:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1560:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1519:
1512:
1509:
1501:
1487:Jabhat al-Nusra
1479:Aspen, Colorado
1471:
1455:
1450:
1413:
1407:
1381:
1365:
1345:
1339:
1322:In March 2016,
1320:
1298:SAM systems in
1292:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1270:
1261:
1258:
1249:
1246:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1153:
1150:
1104:Jaish al-Fustat
1092:
1057:
1051:
1006:
964:
952:Hassan Turkmani
924:
919:
801:
800:
778:
755:
747:
738:
736:
735:
726:
724:
723:
714:
712:
701:
593:
592:
545:
543:
514:
512:
502:
500:
468:
466:
456:
454:
442:
440:
429:
427:
415:
413:
402:
400:
389:
381:
379:
378:
376:
368:
366:
365:
363:
355:
353:
352:
350:
342:
340:
339:
322:(February 2018)
319:
317:(December 2016)
313:
295:
139:
130:
103:
96:
88:Military leader
78:
70:Founding leader
64:
58:
56:
30:
25:
12:
11:
5:
3971:
3961:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3916:
3915:
3904:
3903:External links
3901:
3893:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3864:, 12 July 2016
3849:
3817:
3791:
3765:
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3722:
3709:
3692:
3660:
3657:. 25 May 2016.
3655:Deutsche Welle
3639:
3610:
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3382:
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3339:on 25 May 2015
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2698:Foreign Policy
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2090:on 22 May 2015
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2046:
2013:
1980:
1954:
1935:
1909:
1879:
1864:. 7 May 2015.
1846:
1828:
1809:
1788:
1761:
1739:
1720:
1718:, p. 168.
1708:
1676:
1674:, p. 344.
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1417:Sheikh Maqsood
1406:
1403:
1380:
1377:
1371:in north-east
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1361:
1338:
1335:
1319:
1316:
1300:Eastern Ghouta
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1279:
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1262:
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1230:
1228:
1225:
1149:
1146:
1130:Tahrir al-Sham
1100:Al-Nusra Front
1091:
1088:
1076:Zahran Alloush
1064:Zahran Alloush
1050:
1047:
1043:Al-Nusra Front
1005:
1002:
994:al-Nusra Front
963:
960:
956:al-Nusra Front
928:Zahran Alloush
923:
920:
918:
915:
888:Eastern Ghouta
827:Jayš al-ʾIslām
808:Jaysh al-Islam
803:
802:
774:
773:
770:
769:
753:
749:
748:
710:
703:
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619:
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584:
580:
579:
578:
577:
575:Jaysh al-Ummah
572:
570:Tahrir al-Sham
567:
561:
553:
541:
529:
525:
524:
523:
522:
510:
498:
493:Al-Nusra Front
490:
484:
476:
464:
452:
438:
425:
411:
396:
392:
391:
331:
327:
326:
309:20,000–25,000
307:
303:
302:
294:
293:
286:Sunni Islamism
283:
277:
276:
275:
274:
267:
260:
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133:
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105:
89:
85:
84:
74:Zahran Alloush
71:
67:
66:
48:
47:
37:
36:
35:Jaysh al-Islam
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3959:
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3472:
3467:
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3445:
3441:
3435:
3428:
3424:
3421:
3416:
3400:
3396:
3395:Syria Comment
3392:
3386:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3354:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3312:
3308:
3301:
3286:
3282:
3275:
3268:
3264:
3258:
3251:. 1 May 2017.
3250:
3246:
3240:
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3225:
3219:
3204:
3198:
3183:
3177:
3161:
3157:
3150:
3134:
3130:
3124:
3109:
3102:
3087:. 3 July 2015
3086:
3080:
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2999:
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2422:Syria Comment
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2089:
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2034:
2030:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1985:
1969:on 7 May 2018
1968:
1964:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1939:
1923:
1919:
1913:
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1527:
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1498:
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1493:
1488:
1484:
1483:Ahrar al-Sham
1480:
1476:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1389:human shields
1386:
1376:
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1370:
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1344:
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1216:
1214:
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1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1181:Bilad al-Sham
1178:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1119:Ahrar al-Sham
1115:
1113:
1109:
1108:Ahrar al-Sham
1105:
1101:
1097:
1087:
1085:
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1077:
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1025:
1023:
1019:
1015:
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999:
995:
991:
986:
983:
981:
973:
968:
959:
957:
953:
949:
945:
944:Dawoud Rajiha
941:
937:
933:
929:
922:Liwa al-Islam
914:
912:
908:
907:Islamic state
904:
900:
899:Ahrar al-Sham
895:
893:
889:
885:
881:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
857:
855:
851:
847:
839:
838:Liwa al-Islam
835:
834:
833:Army of Islam
828:
822:
813:
809:
797:
796:Liwa al-Islam
791:
782:
777:
771:
767:
762:
759:.jaishalislam
754:
750:
746:
734:
722:
711:
708:
704:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
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532:
531:
530:
526:
521:
511:
509:
499:
494:
491:
485:
480:
477:
475:
474:Ahrar al-Sham
465:
463:
453:
450:
439:
437:
426:
423:
412:
410:
399:
398:
397:
393:
388:
375:
362:
349:
348:Islamic Front
335:
332:
328:
324:
308:
304:
298:
292:
289:
288:
287:
284:
282:
278:
272:
268:
265:
261:
259:
255:
252:
248:
245:
242:areas in the
241:
238:
237:
236:
232:
226:
223:
220:
217:
214:
210:
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196:
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171:
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157:
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146:
134:
128:
124:
123:Islam Alloush
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
101:
99:
93:
90:
86:
83:
81:
75:
72:
68:
62:
54:
49:
38:
33:
27:
23:
19:
3879:
3875:
3871:Bibliography
3861:
3852:
3840:. Retrieved
3829:
3820:
3808:. Retrieved
3803:
3794:
3782:. Retrieved
3777:
3768:
3756:. Retrieved
3752:
3742:
3725:
3712:
3705:Kurdistan 24
3695:
3683:. Retrieved
3672:
3663:
3654:
3630:. Retrieved
3601:. Retrieved
3592:
3569:the original
3559:
3541:
3523:
3504:
3492:. Retrieved
3469:
3460:
3448:. Retrieved
3434:
3415:
3403:. Retrieved
3394:
3385:
3373:. Retrieved
3364:
3359:
3353:
3341:. Retrieved
3337:the original
3327:
3315:. Retrieved
3300:
3288:. Retrieved
3284:
3274:
3262:
3257:
3248:
3218:
3206:. Retrieved
3197:
3185:. Retrieved
3176:
3164:. Retrieved
3160:the original
3149:
3137:. Retrieved
3133:the original
3123:
3111:. Retrieved
3106:Lund, Aron.
3101:
3089:. Retrieved
3079:
3067:. Retrieved
3062:
3053:
3041:. Retrieved
3038:The Guardian
3037:
3027:
3015:. Retrieved
3005:
2997:The National
2995:
2987:
2974:
2965:
2953:. Retrieved
2939:
2927:. Retrieved
2923:the original
2918:
2894:. Retrieved
2890:the original
2880:
2868:. Retrieved
2858:
2846:. Retrieved
2832:
2820:. Retrieved
2811:
2802:
2790:. Retrieved
2779:
2769:
2757:. Retrieved
2752:
2727:
2718:
2706:. Retrieved
2697:
2688:
2678:19 September
2676:. Retrieved
2672:
2662:
2650:. Retrieved
2641:
2632:
2620:. Retrieved
2606:
2594:. Retrieved
2585:
2561:. Retrieved
2557:the original
2546:
2533:
2523:
2511:. Retrieved
2507:the original
2502:
2493:
2481:. Retrieved
2477:the original
2472:
2463:
2430:. Retrieved
2421:
2411:
2399:. Retrieved
2390:
2381:
2368:
2359:
2333:. Retrieved
2319:
2307:. Retrieved
2298:
2289:
2277:. Retrieved
2268:
2259:
2247:. Retrieved
2218:. Retrieved
2208:Lund, Aron.
2188:. Retrieved
2152:
2133:
2121:. Retrieved
2107:
2099:
2092:. Retrieved
2088:the original
2078:
2065:
2037:. Retrieved
2032:
2004:. Retrieved
1996:The Guardian
1995:
1971:. Retrieved
1967:the original
1957:
1938:
1926:. Retrieved
1922:the original
1912:
1900:. Retrieved
1891:
1882:
1870:. Retrieved
1861:
1831:
1812:
1779:. Retrieved
1775:the original
1764:
1751:
1742:
1723:
1711:
1699:. Retrieved
1688:
1679:
1667:
1655:. Retrieved
1651:the original
1646:
1636:
1624:The Guardian
1623:
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1548:
1496:
1490:
1472:
1461:
1456:
1442:Grad rockets
1434:chlorine gas
1414:
1396:
1382:
1366:
1355:belt around
1346:
1325:Syria Deeply
1323:
1321:
1293:
1217:
1205:Zoroastrians
1174:
1169:
1164:sectarianism
1151:
1135:
1123:
1116:
1093:
1073:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1007:
998:The Guardian
997:
990:Saudi Arabia
987:
984:
976:
948:Asef Shawkat
925:
903:Saudi Arabia
896:
877:
858:
845:
842:لواء الإسلام
837:
832:
831:
807:
806:
785:لواء الإسلام
775:
451:(until 2018)
424:(until 2018)
422:Saudi Arabia
314:
300:(since 2016)
198:Headquarters
191:17th Brigade
183:
172:8th Brigade
167:
161:
97:
79:
26:
3842:4 September
3810:15 November
3784:15 November
3758:15 November
3716:Sam Heller
3518:5 July 2015
3450:19 November
3290:16 February
3069:25 December
3017:25 December
2955:10 November
2929:15 November
2896:11 November
2870:11 November
2708:14 February
2401:19 November
2299:Goha's Nail
2249:22 November
2123:30 December
2006:10 November
1902:26 December
1821:. Twitter.
1716:Lister 2015
1701:24 February
1672:Lister 2015
1603:10 November
1521:Asia portal
1369:Adra Prison
1036:Fatah Halab
816:جيش الإسلام
565:(sometimes)
559:(sometimes)
488:(sometimes)
482:(sometimes)
390:(2014–2015)
377:(2014–2015)
364:(2014–2015)
351:(2013–2016)
337:(2012–2013)
102:(2015–2019)
43:جيش الإسلام
3922:Categories
3804:Al Jazeera
3753:Al Jazeera
3632:2 November
3603:2 November
3263:Tagesschau
3063:Al-Jazeera
3043:24 January
2848:7 November
2792:7 November
2652:7 November
2596:5 December
2432:7 November
2269:Al Monitor
1564:References
1475:John Kerry
1409:See also:
1341:See also:
1331:Sharia law
1080:air strike
1053:See also:
911:Sharia law
830:, meaning
496:(formerly)
311:(May 2015)
211:suburb of
140:2013–2018
135:2011–2013
3778:MoD Russa
3405:19 August
3375:19 August
2975:Al-Souria
2563:8 January
1752:All4Syria
1220:McClatchy
840:(Arabic:
821:romanized
790:romanized
528:Opponents
256:Southern
225:Jarabulus
207:, in the
184:Southern
180:7th Group
119:Spokesman
3836:Archived
3685:11 April
3679:Archived
3626:Archived
3597:Archived
3551:Archived
3533:Archived
3512:Archived
3444:Archived
3423:Archived
3399:Archived
3369:Archived
3317:31 March
3311:Archived
3228:Archived
2979:Archived
2949:Archived
2842:Archived
2816:Archived
2786:Archived
2702:Archived
2646:Archived
2616:Archived
2590:Archived
2538:Archived
2503:ARA News
2473:ARA News
2455:Archived
2453:. SOHR.
2426:Archived
2395:Archived
2391:NOW News
2373:Archived
2345:cite web
2329:Archived
2309:6 August
2303:Archived
2273:Archived
2243:Archived
2214:Archived
2184:Archived
2160:Archived
2141:Archived
2117:Archived
2070:Archived
2000:Archived
1949:Archived
1896:Archived
1866:Archived
1841:Archived
1823:Archived
1804:Archived
1781:25 April
1756:Archived
1734:Archived
1695:Archived
1690:BBC News
1657:20 March
1628:Archived
1594:Archived
1507:See also
1373:Damascus
1357:Damascus
1304:Mil Mi-8
1296:9K33 Osa
1209:Umayyads
1201:Alawites
1193:Shi'ites
1189:Damascus
1156:Salafism
1148:Ideology
1102:and its
1084:Damascus
936:Salafist
880:Damascus
850:Islamist
291:Salafism
281:Ideology
269:Eastern
262:Greater
258:Damascus
249:Eastern
209:Damascus
203:Eastern
186:Damascus
162:Eastern
151:Eastern
148:Group(s)
125:(former)
3365:YouTube
3267:Germany
3208:14 June
3187:14 June
3166:14 June
3139:14 June
3113:14 June
3091:14 June
2759:5 March
2673:Reuters
2513:2 April
2483:10 July
2335:8 April
2220:14 June
2190:14 June
2033:Reuters
1928:14 July
1425:mortars
917:History
823::
792::
752:Website
330:Part of
315:18,000
213:Otaybah
98:†
80:†
3891:
3494:1 July
3343:25 May
3261:ARD's
2622:11 May
2279:3 June
2094:20 May
1421:Aleppo
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