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455:. Since the colonial period, the social status of children was determined by that of the mother. Thus a child of a slave was born into slavery, regardless of paternal ancestry. Although the Scypion daughters and their descendants won, the decision was reversed by a higher court. For 30 years, Scypion's descendants did not give up their dream of freedom.
370:, a Spanish trader from New Orleans. He devoted much of his energies to his company's fur trading activities with other family members, becoming one of the wealthiest residents of St. Louis. He became very wealthy and influential in St. Louis, and managed to retain considerable political power after the United States'
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In addition, the
Chouteau brothers kept up connections with Spanish authorities, further west. The Spanish gave Pierre Chouteau an exclusive license, in 1817, to trade with the Osage, in their region, west of US holdings. His fur trading business thrived, making him one of the wealthiest men in St.
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passed a law providing a process for enslaved persons to sue for freedom and have some protections in the process. In 1825 Marguerite renewed her case against Pierre
Chouteau, Sr., who was by then her master, in the St. Louis Circuit Court, as did her sisters against their masters. The cases were
362:. This was a major step for Chouteau to gain access to officials of the new American federal government, but he also delivered on his responsibilities. After being appointed a United States agent of Indian Affairs, Chouteau founded the
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As soon as the early 1760s, the
Chouteau family started fur trades with the Osage Indians. Jean-Pierre Chouteau spent considerable time among the Osage, where he learned their language, culture and customs. In 1796, he established a
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rolled into one under
Marguerite's name. Although the judgment and appeal to the Missouri Supreme Court went against the Scypion descendants, the case was reviewed in 1834 and a new trial was ordered. The slaves' counsel asked for a
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Chouteau was elected to the St. Louis Board of
Trustees and became its first chairman. As a measure of his influence, he was elected to serve on half of the twelve boards chosen between 1810 and 1822. He also was appointed as
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Scypion's children asserted that as their maternal grandmother was
Natchez Indian, their mother should have been freed in 1769, and they should have been considered free at birth, by the principle of
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before the case came to trial on
November 8, 1836. The jury decided unanimously in favor of Marguerite and the other Scypion descendants, a decision that withstood appeals up to the
160:, he became one of its most prominent citizens. He and his family were prominent in establishing the fur trade in the city, which became the early source of its wealth.
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Shortly after PĂŠlagie's death, the widower
Chouteau married Brigitte Saucier on 17 February 1794, in St. Louis. They had five children, one of whom died in infancy.
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Jean-Pierre
Chouteau married PĂŠlagie Kiercereau on 26 July 1783 in St. Louis, where he had settled with his parents. Together they had four children:
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PĂŠlagie
Chouteau (1790âafter 1824), wife of Bartholomew Berthold, an Italian-born fur trader who was affiliated with the Chouteaus;
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in 1769, after it took over former French territory, but it had been common before that in territorial Missouri under French rule.
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430:" filed by slaves seeking freedom on varying grounds of "wrongful enslavement". In 1826 Pierre Chouteau was sued by his slave
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because of the Chouteau family's prominence in St. Louis, which the court granted. The venue was changed first to
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325:. In the very early 1800s, the Chouteau-Osage alliance contributed to 50% of Indian goods traded in Saint Louis.
289:, known as the "river barons," adjusted to the many political changes which came about as the town changed from
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710:, St. Louis Circuit Court Records, Missouri Historical Society (St. Louis, MO), 2004, accessed 4 January 2011
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Jean Pierre Chouteau Sr. Residence. Southwest corner of Main and Washington streets. Built 1785 by Clamorgan.
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in 1803. They continued to create political alliances with numerous parties. For a long time, they held
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The head of a large and influential family, Jean-Pierre Chouteau died in St. Louis at 90 years of age.
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and Saline Creek, which became the first permanent European (white) settlement at present-day
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Cyprien Chouteau (1802â1879), employee of the Chouteau-Sarpy Fur Company based in Kansas City
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African-American Life in St. Louis, 1804â1865, from the Records of the St. Louis Courts
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Paul Liguest Chouteau (1792â1851), married Constance Chauvet-Dubreuil in St. Louis.
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in 1838. This case was considered to officially end Indian slavery in Missouri.
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On March 19, 1799, Chouteau acquired 30,000 orpines of territory now known as
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Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of History and Culture
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in the western part of their territory, at the junction of the
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and Natchez grandmother. The Spanish officials had outlawed
260:(1797â1838), first official European settler and founder of
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named Chouteau the US Agent for Indian affairs west of the
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to becoming part of the United States after the latter's
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Frederick Chouteau (1809â1891), fur trader and broker in
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Jean Pierre Chouteau, known as Pierre, was the son of
582:, Lewis & Clark Expedition, National Park Service
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519:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
502:. Archived from the original on October 27, 2009
633:. Columbia, Missouri: E. J. Melton. p. 12.
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269:Pharamond Chouteau (1806â1831), died at age 24
592:Jean Pierre Chouteau âThe Father of Oklahomaâ
539:National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum
169:National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum
438:descent, the latter through her late mother
631:Melton's History of Cooper County, Missouri
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203:, when it was still under the authority of
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133:; 10 October 1758 â 10 July 1849) was a
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426:St. Louis was the site of hundreds of "
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562:Pierre Chouteau (Jean Pierre Chouteau)
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701:"Freedom Suits Case Files, 1814â1860"
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366:in St. Louis in 1804, together with
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500:"Chouteau-Papin Genealogy History"
163:In 1975, he was inducted into the
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769:American people of French descent
759:Pre-statehood history of Missouri
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340:Chouteau's Treaty with the Osages
285:Jean-Pierre and his half-brother
682:"Chouteau: Jean-Pierre Chouteau"
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185:Marie-Therese Bourgeois Chouteau
110:Marie-ThÊrèse Bourgeois Chouteau
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354:On July 14, 1804, President
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222:(1786â1838), a graduate of
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152:. An early settler of
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348:Missouri State Capitol
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580:"Pierre Chouteau, Sr.
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377:As negotiator of the
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262:Kansas City, Missouri
199:. Pierre was born in
130:[ĘÉĚpjÉĘĘuto]
126:French pronunciation:
629:Melton, E J (1937).
402:justice of the peace
383:Osage Treaty of 1808
381:, also known as the
379:Treaty of Fort Clark
364:Missouri Fur Company
276:; married four times
258:François G. Chouteau
230:Pierre Chouteau, Jr.
195:in far southwestern
122:Jean-Pierre Chouteau
34:Jean-Pierre Chouteau
18:Jean Pierre Chouteau
408:Slave freedom suits
220:Auguste P. Chouteau
211:Marriage and family
706:2018-12-13 at the
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597:2021-03-06 at the
469:St. Charles County
440:Marie-Jean Scypion
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414:Marguerite Scypion
372:Louisiana Purchase
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342:, painted 1924 by
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274:Westport, Missouri
644:"Pierre Chouteau"
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79:(1849-07-10)
77:10 July 1849
749:1849 deaths
744:1758 births
659:"The Osage"
560:"Roglo.eu,
368:Manuel Lisa
344:Walter Ufer
201:New Orleans
158:New Orleans
150:slaveholder
63:New Orleans
738:Categories
566:. rolo.eu.
506:2007-05-03
486:References
432:Marguerite
224:West Point
205:New France
179:Early life
146:politician
138:fur trader
55:1758-10-10
390:annuities
346:, at the
305:with the
303:fur trade
154:St. Louis
704:Archived
662:Archived
595:Archived
515:cite web
299:monopoly
142:merchant
112:(mother)
106:(father)
89:Missouri
436:Natchez
396:Louis.
387:Federal
167:of the
97:Parents
688:, 2008
452:partus
197:France
193:Bedous
148:, and
307:Osage
156:from
91:, USA
546:2019
521:link
187:and
74:Died
49:Born
171:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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